南京市建邺区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份南京市建邺区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷（含答案解析），共19页。试卷主要包含了听力，单项选择，完形填空，阅读理解，语言运用，首字母填空，阅读短文，，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

时间：100分钟，分值：100分
第I卷(选择题，共50分)
一、听力(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)（略）
二、单项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
在每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．
What can we learn frm the picture?
A．The builders can eat in the cafe because they wrk here.
B．Students dn’t knw when the cafe will pen nw.
C．The cafe will still be pen during the building wrk.
D．The cafe will be clsed because f hliday.
2．—Yu bught me a HUAWEI MATE 60! I lve it! But I dn’t knw hw t use it．
—It desn’t matter．Just fllw the ________.
A．invitatinsB．instructinsC．intrductinsD．questins
3．I wanted t buy sme bks n music yesterday, but there was ________ in that shp.
A．nneB．nC．ntD．little
4．Which f the fllwing wrds is frmed in the same way as “implite”?
A．blackbardB．uncertainC．chairpersnD．earthquake
5．Yesterday I went t see a Chinese animated (动画的) film, ChangAn (《长安三万里》)．It is very wnderful．I think few peple will feel ________ after they see it.
A．afraidB．interestedC．excitedD．bred
6．When hearing the fire engine (消防车), we shuld wave and shut ________ firemen can find us.
A．lead tB．because fC．in rder tD．s that
7．Which wrd can we use in the blank t make the pem rhyme?
Abed, I see a silver light,
I wnder if it’s frst (霜冻) agrund．
Lking up, I find the mn _________,
Bwing (弯腰), in hmesickness I’m drwned.
A．highB．brightC．rundD．gne
8．Which f the fllwing sentences has the same structure as “The teacher gave the students an interesting prject”?
A．The students had fun in the playgrund.
B．The classrm is bigger than befre.
C．The students saw the leaves falling.
D．The librarian shwed a picture t the children.
9．—Did yu ntice him cme in?—N．I ________ a ftball game.
A．watchB．watchedC．was watchingD．am watching
10．—I’m s srry fr nt passing the exam, Mm．
—________．I believe yu can make it next time.
A．That’s all rightB．What a shameC．Yu did a gd jbD．That’s right
三、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Caught in a fld
Mary and her parents were dwnstairs in the living rm．Mary was lking thrugh the windws at the endless rain utside．It had been raining nn-stp fr three days．She had never seen a strm this bad．It was making her 11_____．The wind rared and the rain 12_____n the rf and windws．Dad was listening t a weather reprt n the radi 13 Mum was putting their imprtant dcuments and disaster supplies int a bag．
“Mum, Dad,” said Mary suddenly, “I think we shuld leave here right away!”
“N,” said Dad．“It’s t late! The radi 14_____ the city has already been flded.”
“We can drive ur car 15_____ the fldwater! Let’s just leave! I’m really scared!” cried Mary．
“We can’t d that, hney,” said Mum, “16_____ the mving water culd wash the car away!”
Mary walked t the dr．She was curius t see hw much water there was utside．“Dn’t pen the dr!” 17_____ Mum and Dad at the same time．“The water may fld in!”
Dad mved the dinner table against the dr, in case the fldwater frced the dr pen．Mum waved t Mary t sit n the sfa．“Mary, dn’t wrry．Everything’s ging t be OK,” she said 18_____, trying her best t cmfrt Mary．Her vice was calm, but Mary culd 19_____ she was wrried t．
Withut saying a single wrd, Dad walked t the sfa, sat dwn and hugged his wife and daughter．The sudden silence in the huse seemed t make the 20_____ and rain mre frightening (令人害怕的) utside．What culd they d?
11．A．happyB．excitedC．nervusD．calm
12．A．blewB．beatC．crashedD．flwed
13．A．whenB．sC．butD．while
14．A．saysB．talksC．speaksD．tells
15．A．ntB．intC．thrughD．acrss
16．A．hweverB．stillC．insteadD．therwise
17．A．shutedB．whisperedC．mvedD．reprted
18．A．happilyB．sftlyC．sadlyD．angrily
19．A．hearB．thinkC．sayD．tell
20．A．windwB．disasterC．windD．water
四、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
21．Accrding t the cmic, the leaves change clur in ________.
A．autumnB．winterC．springD．summer
22．In the underlined wrd “Lve”, the authr used fur “”s because he/she ________.
A．made such a silly mistake
B．kept reading the “” fur times
C．wanted t shw strng feelings fr spring
D．really lved humans and animals
23．Accrding t the picture, which f the fllwing sentence is suitable in the SUMMER part?
A．Ice cream is ppular amng children! YUMMY!
B．Everyne enjys swimming in the pl! COOL!
C．I like summer mre than any ther seasn! YEAH!
D．It’s burning ht every day．DON’T GO OUT!
B
Hw did it cme t be?
Hw Bear Lst His Tail
Bear had a lng tail．One day, Fx tld Bear t place his tail in a hle in the ice t catch a fish．Bear waited fr a fish t grab (抓住) his tail．Then he fell asleep．The next mrning, Bear was cvered in snw．Bear’s tail had frzen in the ice during the night．When Bear std up, his tail brke ff．Bears still have shrt tails tday．
Why Sea Water Is Salty
A grandmther gave her grandsn a mill (石磨)．It wuld grind anything he asked fr．He said special wrds t use the mill．
A ship’s captain stle (偷) the mill．He asked it t grind salt, but he did nt knw the wrds t make it stp．The captain threw the mill int the sea．It still grinds salt at the bttm f the sea tday．
The Stry f Lightning and Thunder
Thunder and Lightning were sheep．They lived n Earth．Smetimes Lightning gt angry and burned everything arund him．Then Thunder, his mther, wuld call ut in a lud vice t stp him．
Sn, peple cmplained t the king．The king sent Thunder and Lightning t live in the sky．Lightning still gets angry, and Thunder calls ut t stp him.
24．What happened after Bear put his tail in a hle in the ice?
A．He caught a fish.B．He was frzen after he fell asleep.
C．His tail brke ff the next mrning.D．A fish bit his tail ff.
25．Accrding t the stries, which f the fllwing is “True”?
A．The sea water is salty because the mill keeps grinding salt.
B．The captain threw the mill int the sea because he didn’t want salt.
C．Thunder can stp Lightning frm getting angry and burning things.
D．The fx was very kind t tell the Bear hw t catch a fish.
26．What is prbably the purpse f the three stries?
A．Peple wrte them t explain the truth.
B．Peple made up these stries fr fun.
C．Peple used them t play a trick n thers.
D．Peple wanted readers t believe the stries.
C
Music helps us exercise—but why des it have this effect (影响)? Experts say there are tw main reasns．The first is simple: Music distracts us．When we listen t a sng we like, ur brain pays attentin t the music．Fr example, after we exercise fr 20 minutes, ur bdy might be tired．But we may nt feel this immediately because we are listening t music．S we exercise a little lnger．
．When we hear dance music, fr example, we naturally start t mve t the beat．An upbeat sng als puts us in a gd md, s we feel happier．This gives us energy and helps us exercise lnger．Music with a quick and steady beat is gd fr exercising．But the music shuldn’t be t fast, says sprts psychlgist Dr．Csta Karagerghis．Generally, sngs in the range (范围) f 120-140 beats per minute (BPM) are the best．
A new study by cgnitive scientist Tm Fritz suggests this is nly part f the explanatin, hwever．In an experiment, Fritz put 61 peple in small grups．They all then exercised twice．One time, each grup wrked ut while listening t music fr six minutes．Anther time, they exercised fr six minutes n special Jymmin machines．The name Jymmin is a cmbinatin f “jammin” and “gym”．Using these machines, each grup made music as they mved．At the end, 53 f the 61 peple said the same thing: They felt less tired when they exercised n the Jymmin machines．When we exercise and make music-especially with ther peple wrking ut seems t be easier．
Hw des Fritz explain this? Maybe peple did better n the Jymmin machines because they had mre cntrl, he says．Peple created the beat．They culd make it g faster r slwer．Als, the activity was scial．Each grup was making music tgether and having fun．Fritz believes that Jymmin exercise may have ther advantages (优势), t．He wants t find ut if it can help with mre serius cnditins．Fr example, it may even be a gd way t treat depressin (抑郁).
27．In Paragraph 1, the underlined wrd “distract” means t ________.
A．bring ur attentin backB．make us strnger
C．take ur attentin awayD．make us tired
28．Which f the fllwing sentences can be put in the blank (空白处) in Paragraph 2?
A．Music als mtivates (激励) usB．Any kind f music helps
C．The faster music, the betterD．Sprts psychlgists disagree
29．What is a Jymmin machine?
A．A tl fr listening t music while dancing.
B．A machine fr watching music vides while exercising.
C．A grup t make music and have fun while exercising.
D．An exercise machine fr creating music while wrking ut.
30．What is the main idea f this passage?
A．Advantages f music while wrking ut.
B．A music playlist fr wrkut sngs.
C．Give instructins n using Jymmin machines.
D．Reasns why music helps peple exercise lnger.
D
I have a questin fr all f us．Is all winning success? Winning is really, really fun．But I am here t share my idea: Winning des nt always mean success．
All arund the wrld, we have created the win-at-all-cst culture．As a sciety, we hnr the champin (冠军)．We cheer fr thse peple wh win champinships．Winning at all csts has becme acceptable．We have becme s fcused (关注) n that end result instead f the prcess, and when it is a win, usually hw we gt there ften gets little attentin．
We need t redefine (重新定义) success．Real success is develping champins in life fr ur wrld, win r lse．We may be able t plan ur way t a win, but we can’t plan ur way t success．
Back t 1990, when I was first made the head cach f the UCLA Wmen’s Gymnastics Team, the best I culd d was what ther “successful”caches had dne．S, I became tugh-talking and mean．I acted like a head cach whse nly thught was t figure ut hw t win．
After putting up with me fr a few years, ur team asked me fr a team meeting．And fr ver tw hurs, they gave me examples f hw my arrgance (傲慢) was hurtful．That was my time-ut, and I chse t change．I fund ut that I needed t supprt ur student players as whle human beings, nt just players wh wn．
It is s much easier t give rders than t actually figure ut hw t encurage smene t be better．And it takes a really lng time t take rt．The key was t develp trust thrugh patience and hnesty．Let’s think abut what yu are talking with yur parents n the car ride hme．Are they fcusing n the end result? Are yu excited t use that time t shw yu are a winner? All f yu care t much abut the end result instead f yur steps f learning．We are all caches in sme ways．We all have the respnsibility t develp champins in life fr ur wrld．That is what real success lks like, and that is what we call a win-win.
31．The writer intrduced the tpic by _______.
A．asking a questinB．shwing sme examples
C．listing a few numbersD．cmparing tw different things
32．The underlined wrd “it” in the Paragraph 2 refers t (指代) _______.
A．the prcessB．end result
C．the champinD．real success
33．As the head cach, the writer chse t change because _______.
A．ther“successful”caches asked him t d s
B．he was trying s hard t figure ut hw t win
C．he learnt t care mre abut players than winning
D．he learnt he shuld nly supprt players wh wn
34．Accrding t the writer, which f the fllwing is a real success in life?
A．A kid wh shws the medals and prizes he wn t his parents.
B．A player wh tries t win a gld medal at the cst f his health.
C．A cach wh respects his members even thugh the team didn’t win.
D．A parent wh keeps asking abut the grades his kid gets in the exams.
35．The structure f the passage is _______.
A．B．C．D．
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共50分)
五、语言运用(共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，其中有一个为多余选项。请将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-5的相应位置。
Tigers are imprtant and pwerful members in the wild．Tigers 36 hunt fr animals such as deer and wild pigs．Withut tigers, these animals wuld eat t many plants．Then ther animals wuld face serius prblems if they 37 the plants．
Hwever, tigers are nw in danger f 38 ut cmpletely．The biggest reasn is the buying and selling f tiger bdy parts fr mney．Anther reasn is because wild lands are getting 39 ．
Peple arund the wrld are wrking hard t save tigers．They try t prtect mre lands in tiger cuntries s that tigers can stay wild．Gvernments prtect tigers by 40 t stp tiger business．If peple wrk tgether, these beautiful animals may be saved.
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词，或者使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答卷纸标号为1-5的相应位置上。
Many peple dream f ging n a great trip t freign cuntries．Mst f us keep dreaming; thers make it happen．Gregg’s dream was 41_____ (travel) frm Alaska t Argentina—by bike．In 2005, after 42_____ (near) fur years f planning, he set ff．During the trip, Gregg cycled thrugh deserts, rain frests and muntains．He visited mdern cities and places f 43_____ (nature) wnders．In May, 2007—tw years, 12 cuntries and ver 30,500 km later, he finally 44_____ (到达) Ushuaia, Argentina, at the suthern tip f Suth America．It was ne f the best m45_____ in his life.
六、首字母填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
Summer vacatin means lng days, sleeping in r enjying the summer sun．It is quite right fr students t enjy a r46_____after a lng and difficult year．But mre and mre parents f47_____ their kids frgetting a lt f knwledge, s they send their children t summer schls．
Because summer schls can help children g ver the knwledge that they have learnt during the schl year．
In summer schls, students prbably study in a mre relaxing situatin and can cme up with interesting tpics fr d48_____ with their teachers．Usually, the number f students attending summer schls is s49_____ s this gives them a gd chance t cnnect with ther students and teachers better．If a student has failed a curse, summer schls may help him r her．M50_____, they are building their creativity (创造力) and imaginatin as well as learning scial skills．
On the ther hand, summer schls b51_____ children prblems at the same time．It takes children the whle summer vacatin t learn w52_____ playing．That is t lng．As a result, it m53_____ make them less interested in schl during the cming year．
Fr many students, t54_____ summer classes can be a tiring experience．Teachers teach the subjects t quickly, which nly harms the whle educatin f students．Summer schls are usually expensive．They usually ffer nly a few subjects．S many students have t take classes that they dn't like．
A summer schl can be a gd chance fr students wh need it, but it can be d55_____fr students wh need a break．S yu can decide whether a summer schl is suitable fr yur children.
七、阅读短文，
用英文回答问题，所写答案语法正确，语义切题。1-4题回答字数不超过6个单词， 5题字数不限。
—Cats!
—Dgs!
These can be fighting wrds, depending n (取决于) wh yu’re talking t．
Clearly, there are dg peple and there are cat peple．Dg peple like dgs better and think they are man’s “best friend”, while cat peple like cats because f their elegance (优雅) and independence (独立)．Smetimes the tw grup even argue with each ther, trying t prve that their side is the best．
Dgs seem t be winning the battle．An Assciated Press pll (民意调查) in 2018 shwed that peple in the US like dgs mre than cats．As much as 74 percent said they liked dgs “a lt” but nly 41 percent said the same thing abut cats．The 2018 White Paper n China’s Pet Industry als shwed that there are arund 11 millin mre dg wners than cat wners in Chinese cities．
Hwever, cats seem t get mre ntice nline．There are even sme new slang terms t refer t them．Cats are described as “masters” (喵主子) nline, while the dg wners are servants wh clean their masters’ feces (铲屎官)．Even thse wh dn’t have pet cats are ding smething called “clud cat petting” (云吸猫), which refers t viewing pictures and vides f cats nline．
An article in The Guardian pinted ut that dg wners usually g utside t play with their pets r their neighbrs’ dgs．But since cats are mainly indr animals, the Internet has becme a virtual (虚拟的) cat park fr cat wners．
But it desn’t really matter whether yu like cats r dgs．Having a cnnectin (联系) with any animal can make us feel gd.
56．What are dgs like in dg peple’s eyes?
___________________________________________________________________________________
57．Which grup f peple describe their pets as masters?
___________________________________________________________________________________
58．Why d cats seem mre ppular than dgs n the Internet?
___________________________________________________________________________________
59．Why d peple have a cnnectin with animals?
___________________________________________________________________________________
60．Accrding t the article, are yu mre likely a dg persn r a cat persn? Why? (不限字数)
___________________________________________________________________________________
八、书面表达(满分20分)
61．为了让来自世界各地的游客更好地了解湿地和鸟类，南京市生态环境局在2023年12月28日发布了《南京城市公园观鸟地图》，建邺区的鱼嘴湿地公园位列其中。因此，鱼嘴湿地公园特举办“观鸟节”，并向各中学招募学生志愿者。假如你是南京红星中学的初二学生李华，你在报纸上看到如下一则招募启事：
Vlunteers wanted!
This mnth, we’re ging t have a Birdwatching Festival and we need 20 student vlunteers t help．If yu want t jin us, please send us an email．
In the email, yu need t tell us abut yurself, what yu can d t help and what yur hpes are．Dn’t frget t give us yur cntact (联系) infrmatin．
Fish Muth Wetland Park
注意：词数80左右，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。文中不能出现真实的人名和校名等个人信息。
Dear Sir r Madam．
I am writing t jin yu as a vlunteer in the cming Birdwatching Festival．
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Huasmaller dying mainly cver live n making laws
参考答案
1．B
【详解】句意：从这张图片我们可以学到什么？
考查常识。根据图片中的“Because f building wrk the cafe will be clsed until further ntice.”可知，由于施工原因，咖啡馆将关闭，直至另行通知，所以选项B“学生们不知道咖啡馆将在什么时候开业。”符合题意。故选B。
2．B
【详解】句意：——你给我买了华为MATE 60！我太喜欢了！但我不知道怎么使用。——没关系。按说明操作就可以了。
考查名词辨析。invitatins邀请函；instructins用法说明；intrductins介绍；questins问题。根据“But I dn’t knw hw t use it.”可知，不知道如何使用的情况下，可以按照使用说明去操作。故选B。
3．A
【详解】句意：昨天我想买一些关于音乐的书，但那家商店里一本也没有。
考查词语辨析。nne没有一个，指人或物；n没有，形容词；nt不，副词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据“I wanted t buy sme bks n music yesterday”及转折连词but可知，这里指商店一本也没有，所以用nne，指代没有一本书，故选A。
4．B
【详解】句意：下列哪一个单词的组成形式与单词“implite”相同？
考查构词法。blackbard黑板，black和bard合成；uncertain不确定的，certain加前缀un-；chairpersn主席，chair和persn合成；earthquake地震，earth和quake合成。单词“implite”为plite加前缀im-而来，与B选项的构成方法相同。故选B。
5．D
【详解】句意：中国动画电影《长安三万里》非常棒。我想很少有人看完后会感到无聊。
考查形容词辨析。afraid害怕的； interested感兴趣的；excited激动的；bred感到无聊的。根据“Yesterday I went t see a Chinese animated (动画的) film, ChangAn (《长安三万里》)．It is very wnderful.”可知，这里是说很少有人观看后会觉得无聊，又根据“few peple”可知，这里是修饰人，因此是bred。故选D。
6．D
【详解】句意：当听到消防车的声音时，我们应该挥手大喊，以便消防员能找到我们。
考查从属连词辨析。lead t导致；because f因为；in rder t为了；s that以便。根据句意可知，此处意为“以便，目的”，排除选项A，B；in rder t后接动词原形，s that后接句子。故选D。
7．B
【详解】句意：我们可以在空白处用哪个词使这首诗押韵？床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡。
考查单词读音。high[haɪ]；bright[braɪt]；rund[raʊnd]；gne[ɡɒn]。根据上一句的句末单词“agrund”以及下一句的句末单词“drwned”可知第二句与第四句押韵，第一句的句末单词为light[laɪt]，选项B中的发音与第一句light中的[aɪ]一致，符合题意要求。故选B。
8．D
【详解】句意：下面哪个句子与“The teacher gave the students an interesting prject”的结构相同？
考查句子结构。The students had fun in the playgrund.主谓宾；The classrm is bigger than befre.主系表；The students saw the leaves falling.主谓宾+宾补；The librarian shwed a picture t the children.主谓+直宾+t+间宾。“The teacher gave the students an interesting prject”的结构是“主谓+间宾+直宾”，所以选项D的句子与其结构相同，均为双宾语结构。故选D。
9．C
【详解】句意：——你注意到他进来了吗？——不，我（当时）正在看足球比赛。
考查动词时态。watch看，动词原形；watched看，动词过去式；was watching正在看，过去进行时态；am watching正在看，现在进行时态。根据“Did”和“ ftball game.”可知，此处指那时候正在看球赛，应用过去进行时态。故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我很抱歉没有通过考试。——没关系。我相信你下次一定能考好。
考查情景交际。That’s all right没关系；What a shame真可惜；Yu did a gd jb你干的很好；That’s right就是那样。根据“I believe yu can make it next time.”可知，应说没关系，下次一定能考好。故选A。
11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C 16．D 17．A 18．B 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文主要描述了大暴雨期间，城市被洪水淹没，玛丽和父母被困在家里时的场景。
11．句意：这让她很紧张。
happy高兴的；excited兴奋的；nervus紧张的；calm平静的。根据“It had been raining nn-stp fr three days．She had never seen a strm this bad.”可知，应是大暴雨让她感到很紧张，故选C。
12．句意：风呼啸着，雨拍打在屋顶和窗户上。
blew吹；beat敲，拍，打；crashed碰撞；flwed流动。根据“The wind rared and the rain ..．n the rf and windws”可知，风吹着，应是雨水拍打在窗户上和房顶上，故选B。
13．句意：妈妈在把重要的文件和救灾物资放进袋子里的时候，爸爸正在听收音机里的天气预报。
when在……时候；s因此；but但是；while在……时候；与……同时。此处是在介绍妈妈在做某事的时候爸爸正在做的事情，强调主从句动作同时发生，且时态都是进行时，动词是延续性动词，所以用while引导时间状语从句，故选D。
14．句意：广播说这座城市已经被洪水淹没了。
says说；talks谈论；speaks讲（语言）；tells告诉。空后“the city has already been flded”是广播的内容，所以用say，故选A。
15．句意：我们可以开车穿过洪水！
nt到……之上；int到……里面；thrugh穿过（从内部）；acrss横过。根据“ the fldwater”可知，是从洪水内部穿过，故选C。
16．句意：否则，流动的水可以把车冲走。
hwever然而；still仍然；instead代替；therwise否则。根据“We can’t d that, hney”和“the mving water culd wash the car away!”可知，不能那样做，否则车会被冲走，故选D。
17．句意：爸爸和妈妈同时大喊。
shuted大喊；whispered低声地说；mved移动；reprted报道。根据“Dn’t pen the dr!”和“The water may fld in!”可知，玛丽的行为会引起危险的后果，所以应是爸爸和妈妈大喊制止，故选A。
18．句意：她温柔地说，尽力安慰玛丽。
happily高兴地；sftly温柔地；sadly伤心地；angrily生气地。根据“trying her best t cmfrt Mary”可知，是在安慰玛丽，所以应是温柔地说，故选B。
19．句意：她的声音很平静，但玛丽看得出她也很担心。
hear听见；think想；say说；tell看出。but表示转折，虽然妈妈声音很平静，但是玛丽还是可以看出妈妈的担心，故选D。
20．句意：屋子里突然的寂静似乎使外面的风雨更加可怕。
windw窗户；disaster灾难；wind风；water水。根据上文“The wind rared and the rain”可知，此处指的是外面的风和雨，故选C。
21．A 22．C 23．D
【导语】本文是一则有关春夏秋冬的漫画。
21．细节理解题。根据“Autumn”的内容“Hw grgeus t see the leaves change clur!”可知，树叶在秋天变色。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据“Spring”的内容“It’s s lvely t see new life spruting everywhere! A fresh beginning fr humans and animals alike．Lve!!”可知，在春天，新生命四处萌芽，对人类和动物来说都是一个崭新的开始。作者用四个“”来表达对春天的喜爱之情。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据“Summer”部分的漫画可知，漫画中的人物是一幅“害怕”的表情，结合常识，夏天非常炎热，所以选项D“每天都很热！别出去！”应符合夏天部分的漫画内容。故选D。
24．B 25．A 26．A
【导语】本文讲述了三个故事，分别是熊怎么丢掉了他的尾巴、海水为什么是咸的和闪电与雷声的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据“Bear’s tail had frzen in the ice during the night.”可知，熊把他的尾巴放入冰洞，当他睡着后尾巴冻结在冰层中了。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据“It still grinds salt at the bttm f the sea tday.”可知，海水是咸的是因为磨坊仍然在海底磨盐。故选A。
26．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过三个故事解释为什么熊的尾巴是短的，海水是咸的以及闪电伴随雷声出现。故选A。
27．C 28．A 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了音乐能帮助我们锻炼的原因及其运用。
27．词义猜测题。根据“When we listen t a sng we like, ur brain pays attentin t the music．Fr example, after we exercise fr 20 minutes, ur bdy might be tired．But we may nt feel this immediately because we are listening t music．S we exercise a little lnger.”可知，音乐能使我们分心，所以distract意为“使分心”，与“take ur attentin away”同义，故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据“When we hear dance music, fr example, we naturally start t mve t the beat．An upbeat sng als puts us in a gd md, s we feel happier．This gives us energy and helps us exercise lnger.”可知，本段是说音乐可以激励我们，选项A“音乐也激励着我们”符合语境，故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据文中“Using these machines, each grup made music as they mved.”及“Each grup was making music tgether and having fun.”可知，它让人们在锻炼的同时一起创作音乐并享受乐趣，故选C。
30．主旨大意题。根据“Music helps us exercise—but why des it have this effect? ”可知，本文主要介绍了音乐能帮助我们锻炼的原因，故选D。
31．A 32．B 33．C 34．C 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们太专注取得胜利的结果而不是过程，作者讲述自己做教练的经历，认为激励人更重要。
31．细节理解题。根据第一段“I have a questin fr all f us．Is all winning success? Winning is really, really fun．But I am here t share my idea: Winning des nt always mean success.”可知，作者通过提出一个问题来引入主题。故选A。
32．词义猜测题。根据第二段“We have becme s fcused (关注) n that end result instead f the prcess, and when it is a win, usually hw we gt there ften gets little attentin.”可知，it指代的是end result“最后的结果”。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第五段“I fund ut that I needed t supprt ur student players as whle human beings, nt just players wh wn.”可知，作者意识到需要支持我们的学生运动员，不仅仅是在他们取得胜利的时候。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据第五段“I fund ut that I needed t supprt ur student players as whle human beings, nt just players wh wn.”可知，我意识到我需要支持我们的学生运动员，不仅仅是在他们取得胜利的时候，即使没有取得胜利也要尊重他们。故选C。
35．篇章结构题。第一，二段提出问题，胜利是成功吗？第三，四和五段用作者的亲身经历重新定义成功。第六段总结，激励人更重要。
36．mainly 37．live n 38．dying 39．smaller 40．making laws
【导语】本文介绍了老虎在自然界的作用，以及如今面临灭绝的处境。
36．句意：老虎主要捕食鹿和野猪等动物。根据“hunt fr animals such as deer and wild pigs.”可知是主要以这些动物为食，备选词mainly“主要地”符合语境。故填mainly。
37．句意：那么其他动物如果以这些植物为食就会面临严重的问题。根据“Withut tigers, these animals wuld eat t many plants.”可知，这些动物会吃掉太多的植物，那么后句指的其他以植物为食的动物就会面临严重的问题，备选词live n“靠……过活”符合语境。故填live n。
38．句意：然而，老虎现在正处于完全灭绝的危险之中。根据“The biggest reasn is the buying and selling f tiger bdy parts fr mney.”可知指的是面临灭绝，die ut“灭绝”符合语境，设空处前是“in danger f ”，备选词dying符合题意。故填dying。
39．句意：另一个原因是因为荒地越来越小。根据“Anther reasn is because wild lands are getting”可知指的是荒地变得越来越小，所以老虎没有生存的地方，备选词smaller“更小的”符合语境，故填smaller。
40．句意：政府通过立法阻止老虎交易来保护老虎。根据“t stp tiger business.”可知是通过立法来保护老虎，备选词making laws“制定法律”符合语境。故填making laws。
41．t travel 42．nearly 43．natural 44．reached 45．(m)emries
【导语】本文讲述了格雷格从阿拉斯加到阿根廷骑自行车旅行的故事。
41．句意：格雷格的梦想是从阿拉斯加到阿根廷骑自行车旅行。根据“Gregg’s dream was...”可知，此句应用动词不定式做表语，表示格雷格的梦想是骑车从阿拉斯加到阿根廷旅行。故填t travel。
42．句意：2005年，经过近四年的计划，他出发了。根据“fur years f planning”可知，此句是说将近4年的计划。故填nearly。
43．句意：他参观了现代城市和自然奇观。根据“He visited”可知，此句是说他参观了现代城市和自然奇观，应用形容词修饰名词“wnders”。故填natural。
44．句意：2007年5月，两年之后，他穿越了12个国家，行程超过30500公里，终于到达了南美洲最南端的阿根廷乌斯怀亚。根据“In May, 2007”可知，此句用一般过去时。故填reached。
45．句意：这是他一生中最美好的回忆之一。根据“in his life”可知，此句是说他一生中最美好的回忆之一。memry“回忆”，可数名词，“ne f+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“最……之一”，故填(m)emries。
46．(r)est 47．(f)ear 48．(d)iscussin 49．(s)maller 50．(M)rever
51．(b)ring 52．(w)ithut 53．(m)ay 54．(t)aking 55．(d)ifficult
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了暑假学校的优缺点，建议家长要确定暑假班是否适合学生。
46．句意：对学生来说，在经过又长又困难的一年之后享受休息是很合理的。根据“after a lng and difficult year”和首字母可知，此处应用名词rest表达“休息”，其前有不定冠词a，应用其单数形式。故填(r)est。
47．句意：但是越来越多的父母们害怕他们的孩子忘记大量知识，所以他们把他们的孩子送去暑假学校。根据“s they send their children t summer schls”和首字母提示可知，此处应用动词fear表达“害怕”，本句是在陈述一般事实，应该用一般现在时，又因为主语parents是复数，故用动词原形。故填(f)ear。
48．句意：在暑假学校，学生或许在一个更轻松的情境中学习并且能够想出有趣的话题来和他们的老师们讨论。根据“cme up with interesting tpics”和首字母可知，话题是用来“讨论”的，介词后加名词形式，应该用discussin。故填(d)iscussin。
49．句意：通常来说，参加暑假学校的学生的数量是更少的，所以这样给了他们好机会来让其他学生和老师更好的联系起来。根据“s this gives them a gd chance t cnnect with ther students and teachers better.”可知，能和学生和老师有更好的联系，说明学生人数较少，根据首字母提示和句意理解，表达数量“较少”应该用smaller。故填(s)maller。
50．句意：而且，他们发展他们的创造力、想象力，并且也学习社交技巧。根据上下文可知此处在列举其他的原因，根据首字母提示和空格位于句首可知，表达“而且”应该用mrever。故填(M)rever。
51．句意：另一方面，暑假学习同时也给孩子们带来问题。根据首字母提示和句意理解，表达“带来”应该用bring，陈述一般事实用一般现在时，主语summer schls是复数，故用动词原形。故填(b)ring。
52．句意：孩子们把整个暑假都花在学习上而没有玩乐。根据“It takes children the whle summer vacatin t learn”可知整个暑假都在学习，因此没有玩乐，根据首字母提示可知应用介词withut表示“没有”。故填(w)ithut。
53．句意：因此，这可能使他们在即将到来的一年对学校不感兴趣。根据“make”及首字母可知此处应用情态动词may表示“可能”。故填(m)ay。
54．句意：对许多学生来说，上暑假班可能是一个令人疲倦的经历。根据首字母提示和“summer classes”可知，表达“上……课”应该用take，又因为动词做主语应该用动名词形式，take的动名词形式是taking。故填(t)aking。
55．句意：暑假学校对于需要它的学生来说可能是一个好的机会，但是对于需要休息的学生来说它可能是艰难的。根据首字母提示和句意理解，表达“困难的，艰难的”应该用difficult。故填(d)ifficult。
56．(They are) man’s “best friend”．
57．The cat wners．
58．Because cats are mainly indr animals．
59．Because it makes us feel gd．
60．I like dgs better because I think they are my friends, when I feel sad, they can play with me．(答案合理即可)
【导语】本文主要介绍了狗奴和猫奴的区别。
56．根据文中“Dg peple like dgs better and think they are man’s ‘best friend’”可知，养狗的人认为它们是人类“最好的朋友”，故填(They are) man’s “best friend”.
57．根据文中“Cats are described as ‘masters’ (喵主子) nline”可知，猫主人把他们的宠物称为“喵主子”，故填The cat wners.
58．根据文中“But since cats are mainly indr animals, the Internet has becme a virtual (虚拟的) cat park fr cat wners.”可知，由于猫主要是室内动物，互联网已经成为猫主人的虚拟猫公园，故填Because cats are mainly indr animals.
59．根据文中“Having a cnnectin (联系) with any animal can make us feel gd.”可知，与任何动物建立联系都会让我们感觉良好，故填Because it makes us feel gd.
60．开放性试题，答案合理即可。参考答案为I like dgs better because I think they are my friends, when I feel sad, they can play with me.
61． Dear Sir r Madam.
I am writing t jin yu as a vlunteer in the cming Birdwatching Festival.
I’m very glad t intrduce myself t all f yu．My name is Li Hua．I am kind, utging and friendly．I lve nature very much．I’m gd at cmmunicating with peple．This is necessary fr a vlunteer．First, I will let peple knw the imprtance f prtecting nature by putting up psters．Secnd, I will g t the Birdwatching Festival t d smething useful, such as picking up rubbish, helping t clean the park and s n．In this way, I believe mre peple will jin me．I am free n weekends．If yu need me, yu can email me at LiHua@163.cm．I am lking frward t yur reply.
【详解】 [总体分析]
①题材：本文是一封申请信，属于书信作文写作；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章开头以及要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接书信开头，开篇点题；
第二步，先作个简单的自我介绍，特别说明自己的性格优势和特长，接着阐述成为优秀志愿者应具备的品质是什么，再重点叙述你将如何开展志愿者活动，要列举具体的事例；
第三步，留下联系方式并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①intrduce neself介绍自己
②be gd at 擅长
③cmmunicate with sb.与某人交流
④d smething useful做一些有用的事情
[高分句型]
①If yu need me, yu can email me at LiHua@163.cm.（if引导条件状语从句）
②I am lking frward t yur reply.（书信的惯用句式，用于结尾）