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北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Lesson 1 The Sixth Extinction课堂检测
展开Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It is reprted that sme rare ________(物种) have been discvered in this muntain.
2.Nbdy but I shuld be t ________(责备).
3.The sharp nise frm the cnstructin site badly ________(影响) my health.
4.These ________(濒危的) animals shuld be under careful cnservatin.
5.As yu knw,________(太阳的) energy des n harm t ur planet.
6.The little by tried t ________(孵化) these eggs by putting them under his arms.
7.It will take many years befre the eclgy in this area ________(恢复).
8.The climate this year is quite ________(异常) frm average years.
【答案】1.species 2.blame 3.affects
4.endangered 5.slar 6.hatch 7.restres
8.unusual
Ⅱ.请将下列词组翻译成汉语
1.at the rate
2.be based
3.lay eggs____________
4.be at high risk____________
5.wipe ut____________
6.die frm____________
7.up
8.in shrt____________
9.accrding t____________
10.take steps____________
11.be t blame____________
12.be at risk____________
【答案】1.以……的速度/比例 2.基于…… 3.产卵/下蛋 4.高危;处境非常危险
5.彻底毁灭 6.死于 7.高达…… 8.简而言之 9.根据
10.采取措施;执行步骤 11.对(某事)负有责任 12.处境危险,受到威胁
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.His father,knwn __________ a skilled surgen,will cme t give a lecture in ur schl.
2.In the last thirty years,there ____________(be) great changes in every walk f life in ur cuntry.
3.The dg barked a whle night,________ kept me awake all night lng.
4.It is quite certain ________ their team will lse the game in the end.
5.Withut the Internet,ur life ________(be) different frm what it is.
6.The number f these ________(endanger) animals is n the increase these years.
7.My hen has ________(lay) twenty eggs this mnth.
8.It is up ________ yu t decide where t have ur dinner party.
【答案】1.as 2.have been 3.which 4.that
5.wuld be 6.endangered 7.laid 8.t
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.She can type ________________ 60 wrds every minute.
她可以每分钟六十词的速度打字。
2.In the past thirty years,________________ great prgress in many aspects in ur cuntry.
在过去三十年里,我们国家在许多方面都取得了巨大的进步。
3.______________ quite bvius ___________ he is cnfident abut his life in the future.
很显然,他对未来的生活很有信心。
4.Withut air r water,we __________________ unable t live.
要是没有水和空气,我们就不能生存。
5.______________________________ t prtect these wild animals.
必须采取措施,保护好这些野生动物。
【答案】1.at the rate f 2.there has been
3.It is;that 4.wuld be
5.Steps/Measures must be taken
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2022年1月浙江高考)The United States rse t glbal pwer n the strength f its technlgy,and the lifebld that technlgy has lng been electricity.By prviding lng-distance cmmunicatin and energy,electricity created the mdern wrld.Yet prperly understd,the age f electricity is merely the secnd stage in the age f steam,which began a century earlier.
“It is curius that n ne has put tgether a histry f bth the steam and electric revlutins,” writes Maury Klein in his bk ThePwerMakers,Steam,Electricity,andtheMenInventedMdernAmerica. Klein,a nted histrian f technlgy,spins a narrative s lively that at times it reads like a nvel.
The stry begins in the last years f the 18th century in Sctland,where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the wrld”.Klein writes,“America did nt invent the steam engine,but nce they grasped its passwrds they put it t mre uses than anyne else.”
Meanwhile,ver the curse f 19th century,electricity went frm mere curisity t a basic necessity.Mrse invented a cde fr sending messages ver an electrmagnetic circuit.Bell then gave the telegraph a vice.Edisn perfected an incandescent bulbs that brught electric light int the American hme.
Mst imprtantly,Edisn realised that success depended n mass electrificatin,which he shwed in New Yrk City.With help frm Tesla,Westinghuse’s firm develped a system using alternating current,which sn became the majr frms f pwer delivery.
T frame his stry,Klein creates the character f Ned,a fictinal witness t the prgress brught abut by the steams and electric revlutins in America during ne man’s lifetime.It’s a technique that helps turn a lng narrative int an interesting ne.
1.What is Klein’s understanding f the age f electricity?
A.It is clsely linked t the steam age.
B.It began earlier than prper thught.
C.It is a little-studied perid f histry.
D.It will cme t an end sner r later.
2.What can be inferred abut Ned?
A.He was brn in New Yrk City.
B.He wrte many increasing stries.
C.He created an electricity cmpany.
D.He lived mainly in the 19th century.
3.What is the text abut?
A.A bigraphy.B.A bk review.
C.A shrt stry.D.A science reprt.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。一位名叫Maury Klein的美国历史学家,写了一本有关蒸汽、电力改变十九世纪的美国乃至全人类的书。本文对该书中介绍的年代和发明以及作者的写作手法进行了阐述和评论。
1.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It is curius that n ne has put tgether a histry f bth the steam and electric revlutins...”可知,没有人把蒸汽和电力革命的历史放在一起这一点令作者感到惊奇。据此可知,在Klein看来,电力时代和蒸汽时代是有很紧密的联系的。故选A项。
2.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“T frame his stry,Klein creates the character f Ned,a fictinal witness t the prgress brught abut by the steams and electric revlutins in America during ne man’s lifetime.”可知,为了勾勒出他的故事,Klein创造了人物Ned,他是对美国蒸汽和电力革命进程的见证;再根据第四段中的“ the curse f 19th century,electricity went frm mere curisity t a basic necessity.”可知,在十九世纪,电力从(人们对之)好奇变成了必需品。综合以上内容可知,Ned见证了蒸汽时代和电力革命,因此,他应该是生活在十九世纪。故选D项。
3.B 推理判断题。统览全文内容可知,本文中提到了书的名称及其写作手法,并且阐述了这本书的内容;同时作者还评价了其写作手法。据此可知,这篇文章应该是一篇书评。故选B项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Fr years,I fllwed the materialistic standards arund me.I thught that withut the purses,shes,and all the ther “__1__” things,I wuld nt be as pretty,smart,r imprtant as thers f my age.
As a freshman f my high schl,I thught tp scial status culd be gained by ding everything t fit in.S I became a(n) __2__ and bught fake(伪造的) designer purses.I felt ppular and imprtant,and I lved it.
But,my parents culdn’t understand my strng __3__ t be smene just t impress thers.They tried endlessly t cnvince me that I was hurting myself,but I wuldn’t listen.I felt __4__ with this way f my life until ne day I lked at myself in the mirrr and saw smene with makeup and the prduct-filled hair wasn’t me.That persn was __5__.
S I quit cheerleading and __6__ swimming again,smething I had lved fr eight years befre high schl.I als attended my schl’s tp vcal(声乐)perfrmance grup,and __7__ myself whle-heartedly t cmmunity service.
I wrte articles in my schl newspaper that questined the materialistic __8__ f many students at my schl.I started __9__ my limits academically,which I previusly cnsidered less imprtant than imprving my scial status.
I fund a new grup f friends wh __10__ me,unlike my ld friends.I fund I n lnger needed t impress thers materialistically.Starting ver was __11__.My classmates lked at me as if they didn’t knw me.
I am t __12__ the materialistic culture.I am cnfident,talented,and ptimistic.I knw wh I am.I’m mtivated t explre even mre f my __13__ as a student and a member f my cmmunity.
I tk ne f the wrst __14__ in my life but I turned it arund and __15__ smething beautiful-a life that fits me,with meaning and happiness.
1.A.strangeB.necessary
C.cnventinalD.stupid
2.A.assistantB.winner
C.actressD.cheerleader
3.A.prmiseB.refusal
C.desireD.failure
4.A.pleasedB.tired
C.cnfusedD.bred
5.A.happyB.busy
C.attractiveD.sad
6.A.startedB.suggested
C.regrettedD.avided
7.A.frgaveB.admitted
C.devtedD.cllected
8.A.dubtsB.systems
C.refrmsD.behaviurs
9.A.pushingB.clarifying
C.finishingD.remembering
10.A.prtectedB.supprted
C.discveredD.blamed
11.A.naturalB.simple
C.hardD.special
12.A.team up withB.make up fr
C.take advantage fD.say gdbye t
13.A.histryB.belief
C.ptentialD.experience
14.A.situatinsB.changes
C.remarksD.decratins
15.A.testedB.created
C.taughtD.affected
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了起初作者追求物质财富,认为外在形象可以帮助树立良好的社会地位。后来她改变了对自己的看法,重新开始游泳,学习声乐课并努力完成社区服务活动,创造了适合自己的美丽的生活。
1.B 考查形容词辨析。strange奇怪的;necessary必要的;cnventinal传统的;stupid愚蠢的。此处讲作者遵循享乐主义的生活标准,所以作者追求的是物质财富。名牌包和服装对作者来说都是必需的物品。故选B项。
2.D 考查名词辨析。assistant助手;winner胜利者;actress女演员;cheerleader啦啦队员。根据第四段中的“S I quit cheerleading and __6__ swimming again...”可知,后来作者放弃了啦啦队,说明作者之前是啦啦队员。故选D项。
3.C 考查名词辨析。prmise诺言;refusal拒绝,回绝;desire欲望,目的;failure失败。上文提到作者想通过外在形象给别人留下深刻印象,此处指父母无法理解作者这样的欲望。故选C项。
4.A 考查形容词辨析。pleased高兴的,满意的;tired疲惫的;cnfused困惑的;bred乏味的,无聊的。上文提到作者成功融入了新环境,所以此处指作者对于自身情况很满意。故选A项。
5.D happy开心的;busy忙碌的;attractive有吸引力的;sad伤心的。此处指作者原来对自己很满意,直到有一天她照镜子,看到镜子里的浓妆艳抹的自己,感觉自己成了另外一个人,非常难受。故选D项。
6.A 考查动词辨析。start开始;suggest建议;regret后悔,遗憾;avid避免。根据上文内容可知,此处指作者放弃了啦啦队重新开始游泳。故选A项。
7.C 考查固定搭配。致力于……;努力做……;其余三个动词都没有这个搭配。此处指作者全心全意完成社区服务活动。故选C项。
8.D 考查名词辨析。dubt怀疑;system系统;refrm改革;behaviur行为。此处指作者在学校的报纸上写了有关质疑学生唯物主义的行为的文章。根据前段可知,作者对唯物主义的思想产生了怀疑。故选D项。
9.A 考查动词辨析。push推动;clarify澄清;finish完成;remember记得。此处指作者开始努力推进自己在学业上的进程。故选A项。
10.B 考查动词辨析。prtect保护;supprt支持;discver发现;blame责备。此处指作者现在有了新朋友,和之前的朋友不一样,他们非常支持作者。故选B项。
11.C 考查形容词辨析。natural自然的;simple简单的;hard困难的;special特殊的。根据后句可知,同学看着作者好像不认识她一样,因为她和以前不一样了,所以对作者来说重新开始非常困难。故选C项。
12.D 考查动词词组辨析。team up with与……合作;make up fr弥补;take advantage f利用;say gdbye t和……说再见。根据上文可知,作者改变了价值观,和之前的物质主义说再见。故选D项。
13.C 考查名词辨析。histry历史;belief观点;ptential潜力;experience经验,经历。此处指作者更积极挖掘自己的潜力。故选C项。
14.A 考查名词辨析。situatin情景,情况;change改变,变化;remark评论;decratin装修,装饰。此处指作者接受了人生中最糟糕的情况。故选A项。
15.B 考查动词辨析。test测试;create创造;teach教授;affect影响。此处指作者也创造了适合自己的美丽的生活。故选B项。
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