福建省福州八校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析）

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第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
The Thai capital Bangkk isn't just a big city full f skyscrapers, shpping malls, and traffic. There are many beautiful spaces prviding residents with fresh air and lts f healthy utdr activities in landscaped areas.
Benjakitti Park
The park has dedicated 'bicycle and jgging tracks arund the Lake Ratchada. The water's edge is nicely framed by sme pretty plant life, with clurful flwers adding t the quietness. Yu'll als find skate tracks, a central pavilin with funtains, and an impressive half-circle curtyard that's ppular fr picnics.
Opening Time: Daily frm 5 a.m. t 9 p.m.
Benjasiri Park
Benjasiri Park is the place t be fr sculpture lvers, with sme f the best examples f Thai sculptures arund the park reflecting histrical features. The centrepiece funtain hsts multimedia water dance shws 3 times daily. The park ffers utdr sprts facilities rarely fund at ther public parks in Bangkk, including a basketball curt, rller skating/skatebarding rink, tennis curt, and utdr swimming pl.
Opening Time: Daily frm 5 a.m. t 9 p.m.
Chatuchak Park
Chatuchak Park ffers smething fr everyne at this park. Sme may walk r jg alng the green tracks line, while thers can appreciate nature in the Thai Literature and Herb Garden. The park's nrthern end has many tennis curts and sccer fields. While yu're there, make sure nt t miss the Train Museum and Yuth Traffic Garden.
Opening Time: Daily frm 4:30 a.m. t 9 p.m.
Sanam Luang Park
Sanam Luang Park has been arund since the funding f Bangkk in 1782. Take part in the kite flying festival in March in different shapes and sizes flating in the sky. On mst days; yu can enjy a family picnic in the breezy late afternn while watching an exciting game f vlleyball.
Opening Time: Daily frm 5 a.m. t 10 p.m.
1. Which park pens earliest every day?
A. Benjakitti Park.B. Benjasiri Park.
C. Chatuchak Park.D. Sanam Luang Park.
2. What is special in Benjasiri Park cmpared with the ther three parks?
A. Clrful flwers.B. Traditinal sculptures
C. Sccer fields.D. Walking tracks.
3. What d Benjakitti Park and Sanam Luang Park bth have?
A. A tennis curt.B. Sme skate tracks.
C. A vlleyball curt.D. Sme picnic spts.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是泰国首都曼谷的四个公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。对比四个公园的开放时间“Opening Time: Daily frm 5 a.m. t 9 p.m.（营业时间：每天早上5点至晚上9点。），Opening Time: Daily frm 5 a.m. t 9 p.m.（营业时间：每天早上5点至晚上9点。），Opening Time: Daily frm 4:30 a.m. t 9 p.m.（营业时间：每天早上4:30至晚上9点。），Opening Time: Daily frm 5 a.m. t 10 p.m.（营业时间：每天早上5点至晚上10点。））”可知，开门最早的公园是Chatuchak Park。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Benjasiri Park部分的“Benjasiri Park is the place t be fr sculpture lvers, with sme f the best examples f Thai sculptures arund the park reflecting histrical features.（Benjasiri公园是雕塑爱好者的地方，公园周围有一些最好的泰国雕塑，反映了历史特征。） ”可知，与其他三个公园相比，Benjasiri公园的特别之处是传统雕塑。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Benjakitti Park中的“Yu'll als find skate tracks, a central pavilin with funtains, and an impressive half-circle curtyard that's ppular fr picnics.（你还会发现溜冰跑道，有喷泉的中央凉亭，以及令人印象深刻的半圆形庭院，那里是野餐的好去处。）”和Sanam Luang Park中的“On mst days, yu can enjy a family picnic in the breezy late afternn while watching an exciting game f vlleyball.（在大多数日子里，在微风拂面的傍晚，你可以一边享受家庭野餐，一边观看激动人心的排球比赛。）”可知，Benjakitti公园和Sanam Luang公园都有一些野餐的地方。故选D。
B
Japan is a natin that appreciates the virtues f silence and gd manners. Yet, when it cmes t eating ndles, Japanese peple can be the ludest in the wrld.
Accrding t lifestyle website Grapee.jp, slurping (发出啧啧声) when eating ndles is encuraged in Japanese culture. It's believed that taking air int yur muth can enhance (提高) the flavr f the ndles and help cl dwn the fd. It's als cnsidered t be a way t shw appreciatin fr the dish. Smetimes, just making the nise alne seems t make the ndles mre enjyable.
It was nt until a new expressin — “ndle harassment” —came ut n scial media that Japanese peple started t realize the prblem. They fund that the slurping nise was making sme freign visitrs uncmfrtable.
As a respnse, Japanese instant ndle maker Nissin intrduced a s-called nise-canceling (降噪的) frk last mnth. The frk lks like an electric tthbrush. It is cnnected wirelessly t a smartphne. When the persn using the frk starts t slurp, the frk will send a signal t the persn's phne. Then the phne will play a sund t mask the slurping nise.
But is it really necessary? Dining traditins and table manners d vary. In India, peple eat with their hands. They think they build a cnnectin with the fd in this way. Hwever, peple wh are used t eating with frks might find it unacceptable t get their hands cvered in il r sauce. But this eating methd is part f India's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part f its wn.
“S, if yu are eating ndles, please slurp as yu like," wrte a Japanese fd blgger.“If anyne gets annyed while yu are ding that, ignre them. They're missing the pint entirely."
4. Which f the fllwing is NOT the reasn fr slurping when eating ndles, accrding t the text?
A. Cling the ndles dwn.B. Making the ndles mre tasty.
C. Shwing great respect fr the ndles.D. Adding t the pleasure f eating ndles.
5. What des the underlined wrd "harassment" mean in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Anxiety.B. Annyance.
C. Pliteness.D. Appreciatin
6. Hw des the nise-canceling frk wrk?
A. The frk remves the slurping nise.
B. The frk can be used as an electric tthbrush.
C. A smartphne reminds the user t stp slurping if a signal is sent t it.
D. A smartphne plays a sund t hide the nise when it receives a signal.
7. Why des the authr mentin peple in India in this passage?
A. T shw that frks are unnecessary in Indian culture.
B. T give an example t shw cultural difference are nrmal.
C. T shw India has special dinning traditin and table manners.
D. T tell us the differences in eating habits between India and Japan.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了日本啜食文化产生的影响，也说明了文化差异是一种正常现象。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“It's believed that taking air int yur muth can enhance the flavr f the ndles and help cl dwn the fd. It's als cnsidered t be a way t shw appreciatin fr the dish. Smetimes, just making the nise alne seems t make the ndles mre enjyable.”（人们相信，将空气送入口中可以增强面条的味道，并有助于冷却食物。 这也被认为是一种对这道菜表示欣赏的方式。 有时候，仅仅是发出声响似乎就能让面条更美味）可知，吃面条发出声音可以冷却面条，可以使面条更美味，还可以表示对面条的欣赏和喜欢，但不能表达敬意。故选C项。
2.词义猜测题。根据文章第三段关键句中“Japanese peple started t realize the prblem”（日本人开始意识到这个问题）及“They fund that the slurping nise was making sme freign visitrs uncmfrtable. ”（他们发现这种声音让一些外国游客感到不舒服）可知，“ndle harassment”表示日本人吃面条的方式给外国人造成了烦恼。harassment与annyance词义相近。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段关键句“When the persn using the frk starts t slurp, the frk will send a signal t the persn's phne. Then the phne will play a sund t mask the slurping nise.”（当使用叉子的人开始发出声音时，叉子会向这个人的手机发送一个信号。 然后，手机会播放一种声音来掩盖咀嚼的声音）可知，噪音消除叉通过传送信号到对应用餐人的手机里，手机播放声音来掩盖噪音起效果。故选D项。
4.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“But is it really necessary? Dining traditins and table manners d vary. In India, peple eat with their hands.”（但这真的有必要吗? 用餐传统和餐桌礼仪各不相同。 在印度，人们用手吃东西）及“But this eating methd is part f India's culture, just like Japan's slurping is part f its wn.”（但这种饮食方式是印度文化的一部分，就像日本的啜食是其文化的一部分一样）可以推测，作者提及印度人用餐方式是为了举例说明文化差异是正常的。故选B项。
C
Blind peple have lng desired fr brightness, but scientists dn’t have the technlgy. T bring that ne step clser t reality, Zhiyng Fan, a materials scientist f the Hng Kng University f Science and Technlgy, develped a new artificial eye recently. The device, which is abut as sensitive t light and has sharper visin and a faster reactin time than a real eyeball, may utperfrm human eyes.
The human eye wes its wide field f view and clear eyesight t the retina(视网膜)—an area at the back f the eyeball cvered in light-detecting cells. The design fr a new artificial eye is based n the structure f the human eye and uses a friendly light-sensitive material. At the back f the eyeball, an artificial retina is lined with Nan scale light sensrs(纳米级光感器). Thse sensrs measure light that passes thrugh the lens(晶状体) at the frnt f the eye. Wires attached t the back f the retina send signals frm thse sensrs t the prcessr, similar t the way nerve netwrks cnnect the eyeball t the brain.
“In the future, we can use this t replace damaged human eyes,” says the lead designer. In thery, this artificial eye culd see mre clearly than the human eye, because the artificial retina cntains abut 460 millin light sensrs per square centimeter while a real retina has abut 10 millin light-detecting cells per square centimeter. Besides, the artificial eyeball recrds changes in lighting faster than human eyes can—within abut 30 t 40 millisecnds, rather than 40 t 150 millisecnds. Althugh its 100-degree field f view isn’t as brad as the150 degrees a human eye can take in, the device can see as well as the human eye in pr light.
Hngrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University f Wiscnsin, thugh, thinks engineers need a much mre practical and efficient way t prduce vast series f tiny wires n the back f the artificial eyeball t give it superhuman sight, which is super hard t achieve.
8. Why des Zhiyng Fan develp the artificial eye?
A. T replace peple’s real eyeballs.B. T gain a sharper visin.
C. T help the blind regain their eyesight.D. T help nrmal eyes perfrm better.
9. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. The design f the artificial eye.
B. The structure f the human eye.
C. The advantages f the artificial eye.
D. The material used fr the artificial eye.
10. What can we learn abut the artificial eye and the human eye?
A. They have the same structure.
B. The artificial eye may see mre clearly.
C. The human eye sees better in weak light.
D. The artificial eye takes in a brader view.
11. Which wrd best describes Hngrui Jiang’s attitude t the artificial eye?
A. Dubtful.B. Favrable.C. Tlerant.D. Ambiguus.
【答案】8 C 9. A 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了香港科技大学的一位科学家开发人工眼帮助盲人重获光明。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段“Blind peple have lng desired fr brightness, but scientists dn’t have the technlgy. T bring that ne step clser t reality, Zhiyng Fan, a materials scientist f the Hng Kng University f Science and Technlgy, develped a new artificial eye recently.”（盲人长期以来一直渴望光明，但科学家们没有这项技术。为了让这一点更接近现实，香港科技大学材料科学家范志勇最近开发了一种新的人工眼。）可知，发明人工眼的目的是帮助盲人重获光明。故选C项。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段“The design fr a new artificial eye is based n the structure f the human eye and uses a friendly light-sensitive material.”（新型人工眼的设计基于人眼的结构，并使用了一种友好的光敏材料。）可知，第二段主要讲人工眼的结构设计。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“In thery, this artificial eye culd see mre clearly than the human eye, because the artificial retina cntains abut 460 millin light sensrs per square centimeter while a real retina has abut 10 millin light-detecting cells per square centimeter.”（理论上，这种人造眼比人眼看得更清楚，因为人造视网膜每平方厘米包含大约 4.6 亿个光传感器，而真正的视网膜每平方厘米有大约 1000 万个光检测细胞。）可知，理论上人工眼可能比真正的眼睛看得更清楚。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由尾段“Hngrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University f Wiscnsin, thugh, thinks engineers need a much mre practical and efficient way t prduce vast series f tiny wires n the back f the artificial eyeball t give it superhuman sight, which is super hard t achieve.”（不过，威斯康星大学的电气工程师姜宏瑞认为，工程师们需要一种更实用、更有效的方法，在人造眼球的背面生产大量的细线，使其具有超人的视力，而这很难实现。）可知，他认为科学家们设想的很难达成。持怀疑的态度。故选A项。
D
China’s yung peple have created yet anther wrd t reflect their grwing disappintment with the stressful wrk culture. The new lifestyle ht wrd, tang ping, is an actin rather than a feeling — deciding t just g by, using a minimum effrt at an unsatisfactry jb.
Wendy said that her lying-dwn philsphy culd be summed up as “Putting the peacefulness f the bdy and sul first.” “Accrding t the mainstream standard, a gd lifestyle must include wrking hard, trying t get gd results n wrk evaluatins, struggling t buy a huse and a car, and having babies,” she said, “Hwever, I am lking frward t ‘lying dwn entirely’— quitting my jb and living ff my savings.”
Tang ping has cme under fire frm Chinese state media. “N matter what, yung peple must have cnfidence in the future,” read a newspaper. “China is the wrld’s mst ppulus cuntry, with rich labr resurces and a huge market advantage. The nly happy life is a hard-wrking life. “The lying-dwn cmmunity bviusly isn’t gd fr the cuntry’s ecnmic and scial develpment,” said Guangming Daily. Hwever, the newspaper added that tang ping shuldn’t be ignred withut reflectin: if China wants t encurage hard wrk in the yung generatin, it shuld first try t imprve their quality f life.
“The state is wrried abut what wuld happen if everyne stpped wrking,” said Huang Ping, a literature prfessr. “But humans aren’t merely tls fr making things,” he said. T lie dwn is a reasnable chice rather than a negative attitude. Fr sme yung peple, it’s a way fr them t reduce pressure. “When yu can’t catch up with sciety’s develpment— say, high huse prices — tang ping is actually the mst practical chice.” he said.
Lying dwn can be seen as the ppsite f invlutin (内卷), referring t scieties becming trapped in cntinual cycles f cmpetitin. “In a relatively gd scial envirnment, peple may feel invluted, but at least they’re trying” he said. “If it’s wrse, peple will tang ping.”
Alternatively, the mre mtivated amng the yung generatin have accepted FIRE—“Financial Independence, Retire Early” — in the hpe f smeday escaping the severe cmpetitin nce and fr all.
12. What is Wendy’s gal in life?
A. T keep up with sciety’s develpment.B. T depend n her savings t live.
C. T get prmted in her cmpany.D. T be highly evaluated at wrk.
13. What d state media think the yung shuld d?
A. Imprve their quality f life.B. Reflect n China’s develpment.
C. Base their future n hard wrk.D. Live a happy life by lying dwn.
14. What des Prfessr Huang think f the “lying dwn” style?
A. It means lw quality f life fr the yung.
B. It prevents the develpment f sciety.
C. It mtivates the yung t welcme their future.
D. It remves the heavy life pressure frm the yung.
15. What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. A healthy sciety desn’t invlve cmpetitin.
B. Yung peple prefer invlutin t tang ping.
C. Severe cmpetitin is the main cause f lying dwn.
D. Mre active yung peple favur severe cmpetitin.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国的流行热词“躺平”，及其背后所反映的社会问题与现象。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段“Hwever, I am lking frward t ‘lying dwn entirely’—quitting my jb and living ff my savings.(然而，我期待“完全躺平”——辞掉工作，靠积蓄谋生)”可知，Wendy打算依赖她的存款生活。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段“The nly happy life is a hard-wrking life.(唯一幸福的生活是勤劳的生活)”可知，媒体认为年轻人应该通过努力工作，创造未来。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段“T lie dwn is a reasnable chice rather than a negative attitude. Fr sme yung peple, it’s a way fr them t reduce pressure.(躺平是一种合理的选择，而不是消极的态度。 对于一些年轻人来说，这是他们减压的一种方式)”可知，黄教授认为躺平生活方式消除了年轻人沉重的生活压力。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由尾段“Alternatively, the mre mtivated amng the yung generatin have accepted FIRE—“Financial Independence, Retire Early” — in the hpe f smeday escaping the severe cmpetitin nce and fr all.(或者，年轻一代中更有动力的人接受了 FIRE——“财务独立，提早退休”——希望有一天能一劳永逸地摆脱激烈的竞争)”可知，竞争压力大才是大家选择躺平模式的主要原因。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Can't Resist Junk Fd? Study Suggests Yu Try This Simple Trick
Yu're tired and hungry. Then yu catch a whiff f smething delicius, prbably fried and almst certainly fattening. It is fried chicken!____16____A new research says that expsing t the smell f junk fd fr at least tw minutes can actually help yu make healthier fd chices.
Let's take a clser lk at this prcess. Have yu ever nticed that whatever appetizing treat catches yur nse's attentin tends t be mst appealing just after yu first smell it? What will happen if yu're standing in line after a cuple f minutes?____17____ And recent science says that this is actually the right mment t walk away.
The results f a series f experiments, including field studies at a supermarket and at a middle schl cafeteria, shw that extended expsure (f mre than tw minutes) t junk fd smell (e. g,ckie smell) leads t lwer purchases f unhealthy fds cmpared with healthy smell ( smell).____18____That is why lng expsure t junk fd smell can be as satisfactry as actually having it in yur muth, which in turn decreases the desire fr cnsumptin f junk fd.
____19____When the expsure t smell f healthy fd were examined, fd chices were nt prfundly influenced. The reasn fr this is that healthy fd are nt cnnected with reward in ur brain and therefre have little influence n what we desire.
S next time yu're feeling yu dn't have the will pwer t resist that French fries, it might be as simple as sitting there and smelling all that sweetness fr just a minute r tw. ____20____
A. But wait a minute befre yu rder.
B. It's a respnse that has been researched.
C. Get the satisfactin with nne f the calries.
D. It isn't quite as irresistible as it was just mments ag.
E. Hwever, it's nt the same case with smell f healthy fd.
F. It's the same as actually eating it because yur desire t eat it is satisfied.
G. The brain desn't necessarily distinguish between a pleasurable smell r taste.
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. G 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文，介绍了几项抵制垃圾食品诱惑的技巧。
【16题详解】
根据下一句“A new research says that expsing t the smell f junk fd fr at least tw minutes can actually help yu make healthier fd chices."可知，暴露在垃圾食品中至少两分钟会帮助你选择健康食品，所以本句与等待时间有关，表达“但是在预定之前先等一下”。故A选项“但是在预定之前先等一下”切题。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据前文连发的两个问句可知，垃圾食品在第一次被闻到时非常吸引人，那么在排队等了几分钟之后会发生什么呢?根据下一句可知，这恰恰是要离开的时刻，可知，本句在表达“它已经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了。”故D选项“它已经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了”切题。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据本段开头提示，可知一系列的实验结果表明暴露在垃圾食品的气味中多于两分钟后会导致垃圾食品购买量的下降，在进行客观结果描述，所以排除易错选项F，同时，下一句在解释闻到气味就如同嘴巴吃到了一样满足。可知空处所在句要表达大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显。故G选项“大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显”切题。故选选G。
【19题详解】
从下一句“当检测健康食物的气味时，食物选择并没有受到很大的影响。”可以得知空格内容与健康食物的气味相关，并且表达转折的语义。故E选项“然而，健康食物的味道就不一样了。”切题。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据前句“it might be as simple as sitting there and smelling all that sweetness fr just a minute r tw."（最简单的方法是坐在那里闻上一两分钟香甜的味道）与选项中“It’s the same as actually eating it because yur desire t eat it is satisfied. (闻到味道与吃到它是一样可以满足愿望的。)承接自然，话题一致。故选F。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读短文，从文后各题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Fr a little girl grwing up in Clmbia, a science career with NASA may seem impssible. Trujill, hwever, is an aerspace ____21____ wh leads a team at the NASA labratry ____22____ fr the rbtic arm f the latest Mars rver (火星探测器).
Hw did Trujill g frm simply dreaming abut the universe t ____23____ explring it? That's a tale f ____24____ written in the stars.
Brn in 1983, even as a yung girl Trujill was ____25____ f her passin fr science. But she dubted hw far she'd be able t ____26____ in a male-dminated field. Then her dad ffered t send her t Miami. Only 17 at the time, she ____27____ the ffer.
Trujill tk a series f husekeeping ____28____ t put herself thrugh Miami Dade Cllege. Smetimes she was cleaning bathrms t help pay her way thrugh her ____29____. But she didn't ______30______ "I saw everything cming my way as an pprtunity."
Then came anther life-changing mment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) wman t be ______31______ t the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Gddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rver ______32______ n the surface f Mars, it was ______33______ by cmmentary (解说) frm Trujill in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language ______34______ .
Trujill's wn stry is ______35______ that just beynd the barrier lies an entire universe f pprtunities waiting fr anyne willing t wrk hard enugh t reach fr the stars.
21. A. astrnautB. piltC. engineerD. guide
22. A. eagerB. respnsibleC. cncernedD. grateful
23. A. actuallyB. hardlyC. accuratelyD. repeatedly
24. A. innvatinB. kindnessC. passinD. sympathy
25. A. certainB. apprvedC. afraidD. fnd
26. A. respndB. riseC. investD. apply
27. A. made upB. turned upC. picked upD. tk up
28. A. measuresB. activitiesC. jbsD. curses
29. A. studiesB. purchasesC. recreatinsD. trips
30. A. clarifyB. fearC. perceiveD. cmplain
31. A. appliedB. admittedC. assignedD. intrduced
32. A. riginatedB. generatedC. landedD. waited
33. A. accmpaniedB. distractedC. estimatedD. ccupied
34. A. theryB. bradcastC. cmmentD. perfrmance
35. A. careerB. infrmatinC. cmpetenceD. prf
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Trujill作为一位女性，靠着努力和毅力一步步成为了美国宇航局的工程师的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Trujill是一名航空航天工程师，她领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. astrnaut宇航员；B. pilt飞行员；C. engineer工程师；D. guide指导；向导。根据下文“Later, she became an engineer at NASA's Gddard Space Flight Center.”可知，Trujill成为美国宇航局工程师。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Trujill是一名航空航天工程师，她领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. eager渴望的；B. respnsible负责任的；C. cncerned担心的；D. grateful感激的。be respnsible fr负责……。根据“Trujill, hwever, is an aerspace ____1____ wh leads a team at the NASA labratry”可知，Trujill领导的团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Trujill是如何从只是梦想着宇宙变成真正的探索宇宙的呢？A. actually事实上；B. hardly几乎不；C. accurately准确地；D. repeatedly重复地。根据“Hw did Trujill g frm simply dreaming abut the universe”可知，Trujill从梦想变成了现实，在现实中真正的探索宇宙。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是一个写在星星上的充满激情的故事。A. innvatin创新；B. kindness善良；C. passin热情；D. sympathy同情。根据文章开头“Fr a little girl grwing up in Clmbia, a science career with NASA may seem impssible.”可知，对于一个女孩要进入美国宇航局工作是非常难的一件事，而这位女孩做到了。所以此处表达她的整个经历充满了激情。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Trujill出生于1983年，尽管她还是个小女孩，但她肯定自己对科学的热情。A. certain确信的；B. apprved赞成的；C. afraid害怕的；担心的；D. fnd喜爱的。根据上文“Hw did Trujill g frm simply dreaming abut the universe t 3 explring it?”可知，她一直梦想着探索宇宙，结合此句中的even，所以此处表示甚至在她还很小时，就确定了对科学的追求和喜爱。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她不确定自己在一个男性主导的领域地位能提高多少。A. respnd回应；B. rise上升；地位提高；C. invest投资；投入；D. apply申请；应用。根据“in a male-dminated field”可知，在这样一个男性主导的领域里，Trujill不知道的努力和坚持让自己能走多远，地位能提高多少。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当时只有17岁，她接受了这个提议。A. made up编造；B. turned up出现；调大；C. picked up捡起；学会；D. tk up接受（建议或主意）；占据。根据“Then her dad ffered t send her t Miami.”她爸爸提出送她去迈阿密，下文“Trujill tk a series f husekeeping 8 t put herself thrugh Miami Dade Cllege.”提到她去迈阿密上大学，所以此处表示，她接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的提议。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujill做了一系列家务活，让自己读完了迈阿密戴德学院。A. measures措施；B. activities活动；C. jbs工作；D. curses课程。根据“t put herself thrugh Miami Dade Cllege.”可知，她给别人做家务活，也就是通过家务工作，挣钱让自己完成学业。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她打扫浴室以帮助她完成学业。A. studies学习；研究；B. purchases购买东西；C. recreatins休闲活动；D. trips旅行。根据“Smetimes she was cleaning bathrms”可知，Trujill通过打扫浴室帮助自己完成学业。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她没有抱怨，她把一切都看成是一个机会。A. clarify阐明；B. fear害怕；C. perceive认为；D. cmplain抱怨。根据“I saw everything cming my way as an pprtunity”可知，她把遇到的一切都当作机会，所以尽管学习完成不易，但是她不抱怨。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成为第一个被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙女性。A. applied申请；应用；B. admitted承认；准许……进入；C. assigned分配；分派；D. intrduced介绍。be admitted t被……录取。根据“Then came anther life-changing mment.”可知，Trujill被美国宇航局学院录取，这是它人生的转折点。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujill的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A. riginated起源；B. generated产生；C. landed降落；着陆；D. waited等待。根据“n the surface f Mars,”可知，此处表示的是“毅力号”在火星表面着陆。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujill的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A. accmpanied陪伴；伴随；B. distracted分散；C. estimated估计；D. ccupied占据。根据“by cmmentary (解说) frm Trujill in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language ____14____ .”可知，此处表示的是“毅力号”着陆时，同时伴随着广播中Trujill的西班牙语的解说。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年2月，当“毅力号”火星车在火星表面着陆时，美国宇航局同时广播了Trujill的解说，这是首次西班牙语的播报。A. thery理论；B. bradcast 广播节目；C. cmment评论；D. perfrmance表演；表现。根据“it was ____13____ by cmmentary (解说) frm Trujill in NASA's first-ever Spanish-language”可知，“毅力号”在火星着陆时，广播播报Trujill用西班牙语所做的解说。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Trujill自己的故事证明，越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近星星的人。A. career职业；B. infrmatin信息；C. cmpetence能力；胜任；D. prf证据；证明。根据“just beynd the barrier lies an entire universe f pprtunities waiting fr anyne willing t wrk hard enugh t reach fr the stars.”可知，她的故事是一种证明，表明了越过障碍，有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去接近宇宙的人。故选D。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The remains f a gld mask are amng the 3,000-year-ld artifacts (历史文物) fund at Sanxingdui, a 4.6-square-mile area utside Chengdu, capital f Sichuan prvince. ___36___ (weigh) abut 280 grams and estimated t be made frm 84% gld, the mask is ne f ver 500 items unearthed frm six newly discvered “sacrificial pits (祭祀坑)” in Sanxingdui.
Mre than 50000 ancient artifacts ___37___ (find) at Sanxingdui since the 1920s, when a lcal farmer ___38___ (accidental) came upn a number f relics at the site. A majr breakthrugh ___39___ (ccur) in 1986, with the discvery f tw ceremnial pits cntaining ver 1,000 items. Discveries made at the site date back t the 12th and 11th centuries BC, and many f the items are nw ___40___ display at an n-site museum.
The site has cmpletely changed experts’ understanding f ___41___ the ancient civilizatin develped in China. In particular, ___42___ (evident) suggests that the unique ancient Shu sciety develped independently f neighbring cultures in the Yellw River Valley, ___43___ was traditinally cnsidered t be the rigin f Chinese civilizatin.
Alng with ther Shu archaelgical ___44___ (site), it is credited by the UN as “___45___ utstanding representative f the Brnze Age Civilizatin f China, East Asia and even the wrld.”
【答案】36. Weighing
37. have been fund
38 accidentally
39. ccurred
40. n 41. hw
42. evidence
43. which 44. sites
45. an
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三星堆遗址又有重大发现——发现黄金面具。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：这个面具重约280克，估计由84% 的黄金制成，是三星堆新发现的六个“祭祀坑”出土的500多件物品之一。分析句子结构可知，“the mask is ne f ver 500 items unearthed frm six newly discvered “sacrificial pits (祭祀坑)” in Sanxingdui.”是主句，“________ (weigh) abut 280 grams and estimated t be made frm 84% gld,”是非谓语动词做状语，且动词weigh(有重；重达)的逻辑主语是主句主语the mask(面具)，且二者之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Weighing。
2.考查时态和语态。句意：自20世纪20年代以来，在三星堆发现了5万多件文物，当时是一位当地农民偶然发现了一些文物。分析句子结构可知，此处做谓语，根据时间标志词“since the 1920s”(自从20世纪20年代以来)可知， 此处应该用现在完成时，且主语是Mre than 50,000 ancient artifacts(5万多件文物)，是复数，主语与动词find二者之间是被动关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动，即have been fund，故填have been fund。
3.考查副词。句意：自20世纪20年代以来，在三星堆发现了5万多件文物，当时是一位当地农民偶然发现了一些文物。由空后的动词短语came upn(偶然遇到；碰到)可知，此处用副词修饰，故填accidently。
4.考查时态。句意：1986年有一个重大突破，那就是发现了两个仪式坑，里面有超过1000件物品。分析句子结构可知，此处做谓语，且句子描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，且ccur(发生)是不及物动词，无被动形式，故填ccurred。
5.考查介词。句意：这个遗址的发现可以追溯到公元前12和11世纪，许多物品现在在一个现场博物馆展出。On display是固定搭配，表示“展出”，故填n。
6.考查宾语从句连接词。句意：这个遗址完全改变了专家们对中国古代文明发展的理解。分析句子结构可知，句子“_____the ancient civilizatin develped in China.”放在介词f后面，是宾语从句，且从句中缺少状语，表示方式，应用hw，故填hw。
7.考查名词。句意：特别是，有证据表明，独特的古蜀社会独立于相邻的文化在黄河流域发展，这在传统上被认为是中国文明的起源。此处是做主语，应用名词evidence，表示“证据”，且由后面的谓语动词suggests(表明)可知，主语是单数，故填evidence。
8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：特别是，有证据表明，独特的古蜀社会独立于相邻的文化在黄河流域发展，这在传统上被认为是中国文明的起源。分析句子结构可知，“____was traditinally cnsidered t be the rigin f Chinese civilizatin.”是非限定性定语从句，先行词是the Yellw River Valley(黄河流域)，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，应用which，故填which。
9.考查可数名词单复数。句意：与其他蜀文化遗址一样，它被联合国誉为“中国、东亚乃至世界青铜时代文明的杰出代表”。由前面的with可知，此处做宾语，应用名词形式，且此处是泛指，所以应用site的复数形式，故填sites。
10.考查不定冠词。句意：与其他蜀文化遗址一样，它被联合国誉为“中国、东亚乃至世界青铜时代文明的杰出代表”。由句意可知，此处表示“一个杰出的代表”，representative(代表)是可数名词，且utstanding(杰出的)读音是以元音因素开头，应用an，故填an。
第四部分课内知识(共两节，满分15分)
第一节选词填空(共8小题：每小题1分，共8分。)
根据语境选择方框内恰当的词并使用正确的形式填入空格处
46. Child as he is,he has a gd ________ f Chinese characters
47. Even the relatively________ sum f £ 50,000 nw seems beynd his reach.
48. In ________ farming, the use f pesticides r chemical fertilizers is prhibited.
49. N ne is mre ________ than yu are t decide hw yu live;n ne shuld be able t vte n what yu d with yur time and yur ptential unless yu invite them t.
50. The electricity industry ________ large amunts f fssil fuels.
51 Bstn's Lgan Internatinal Airprt spent mre than 30 years ________ cmmunity ppsitin t a new runway.
52. I encunter tremedus culture shck when studying abrad. But, ________, it's just a fun experience. I'm trying t sak it all up.
53. By the end f this year, ur WeChat ffical accunt will have almst ne billin mbile phne ________.
【答案】46. grasp
47. mdest 48. rganic
49. qualified
50. cnsumes
51. vercming
52. verall
53. subscriptins
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：虽然他还是个孩子，但他对汉字掌握得很好。不定冠词a后接名词的单数形式。名词grasp为“掌握”之意。故填grasp。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：即使是5万英镑这一相对适中的数目，现在看来也超出了他的能力范围。名词sum前用形容词修饰。形容词mdest为“适度的”之意。故填mdest。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在有机农业中，禁止使用杀虫剂或化肥。名词farming前用形容词修饰。形容词rganic为“有机的”之意。故填rganic。
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：没有人比你更有资格决定自己的生活方式；没有人应该对你如何利用你的时间和你的潜力投票，除非你邀请他们。句中用形容词作表语。形容词qualified为“有资格的”之意。故填qualified。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：电力工业消耗大量的化石燃料。动词cnsume为“消耗”之意，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填cnsumes。
【51题详解】
考查动词。句意：波士顿洛根国际机场花了30多年时间克服社区对修建新跑道的反对。动词vercme为“克服”之意。spend … ding sth. 花费多少时间做某事。故填vercming。
【52题详解】
考查副词。句意：在国外学习的时候，我遇到了巨大的文化冲击。但是，总的来说，这只是一个有趣的经历。我正试着接受这一切。句中用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。副词verall为“总的来说”之意。故填verall。
【53题详解】
考查名词。句意：到今年年底，我们的微信官方账户将拥有近10亿手机用户。名词subscriptin为“订阅”之意。根据ne billin可知，用名词的复数形式。故填subscriptins。
第二节同义替换(共7小题：每小题1分，共7分。)
根据语境选择方框内恰当的词替换划横线的词
54. Withut a majr imprvement in turism, the ecnmy will suffer even further. ________
55. When yu participate in sprts and athletes, a lt f the racial barriers are brken dwn. ________
56. The feet are highly specialised structures made up f 26 small delicate bnes. ________
57. This prgress has greatly imprved the prspects fr grwth and fr a significant reductin in pverty ver the next decade. ________
58. At the age f five he shwed utstanding talent as a musician. ________
59. This accident caused a dramatic change in public pinin. ________
60. She has always been t the fre at mments f danger. ________
【答案】54. bst
55. get invlved in
56. cnsisting f
57. substantial
58. exceptinal
59. shift 60. crisis
【解析】
【54题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果旅游业没有重大改善，经济将受到更大的影响。名词imprvement为“改善”之意，与bst含义一致。故填bst。
【55题详解】
考查短语。句意：当你参加体育运动和运动员时，许多种族障碍就被打破了。短语participate in为“参加，参与”之意，与get invlved in含义一致。故填get invlved in。
【56题详解】
考查短语。句意：脚是由26块细小骨头组成的高度专业化的结构。短语(be) made up f为“组成”之意，与cnsist f含义一致，在句中作定语，所以用现在分词形式。故填cnsisting f。
【57题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这一进展大大改善了未来十年增长和大幅减少贫困的前景。形容词significant为“有效的，显著的”之意，与substantial含义一致。故填substantial。
【58题详解】
考查形容词。句意：5岁时，他就表现出了杰出的音乐家才能。形容词utstanding为“杰出的”之意，与exceptinal含义一致。故填exceptinal。
【59题详解】
考查名词。句意：这一事故使公众舆论发生了巨大的变化。名词change为“变化”之意，与shift含义一致。故填shift。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：她总是在危急时刻挺身而出。名词danger为“危险”之意，与crisis含义一致。故填crisis。
第五部分写作(满分25分)
61. 为了庆祝即将来临的新年，你校在元旦举办了迎新春品美食活动，受到广大师生的好评。你参加了活动并拍摄了vlg。请你以“An Unfrgettable Festival”为题，为校刊的英语角写一篇短文，记述整个活动过程。
1. 活动策划
2. 活动内容
3. 师生感受
注意：1.词数120字左右 2.可以适当增加细节
An Unfrgettable Festival
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【答案】One pssible versin:
An Unfrgettable Festival
In rder t celebrate the upcming new year, ur schl had a fd festival last Friday.
We students tk an active part in the festival. First f all, each class wrked as a team t prepare a wide range f fd, such as Indian curries, Chinese fried rice, Japanese sushi and s n. Then, they set their stands n the playgrund t sell their fd. Mst f the guests are ur classmates parents and teachers. All f them enjyed the delicius fd. After the festival, we psted a vlg n Weib abut this meaningful activity which was well-received n the Internet.
Nt nly did the guests enjy the delicius fd but the students als learned hw hard it was t make mney. What an unfrgettable festival!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生以“An Unfrgettable Festival”为题，为校刊的英语角写一篇短文，记述你校在元旦举办的迎新春品美食活动。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
为了：T →In rder t
首先：Firstly →First f all
喜欢：like →enjy
参加：participate in=take part in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In rder t celebrate the upcming new year, ur schl had a fd festival last Friday.
拓展句：Our schl held a fd festival last Friday, which was t celebrate the upcming new year
【点睛】[高分句型1] Nt nly did the guests enjy the delicius fd but the students als learned hw hard it was t make mney.这句话运用了部分倒装结构。
[高分句型2] After the festival, we psted a vlg n Weib abut this meaningful activity which was well-received n the Internet.这句话运用了which引导的定语从句。
qualificatin cmplex grasp mdest cnsume
verall subscribe cast rganic vercme
exceptinal bst crisis shift substantial get invlved in cnsisting f