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高中英语北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Lesson 3 Anne of Green Gables说课课件ppt
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这是一份高中英语北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Lesson 3 Anne of Green Gables说课课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了课前自主预习，猜词意，课堂新知讲练，◇词汇拓讲，语言提升，◇句式解读，句式提升，随堂知能小练，语 言 时 空，□追踪练习等内容，欢迎下载使用。
A．跳水，潜水；扑向，急冲进 B．侦查，调查，查明 C．展现，显露；揭示，揭露 D．收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度 E．继续进行，继续做
1．The reprt was a device used t hide rather than reveal prblems.( )2．We shuld investigate what happened and what went wrng.( )3．If yu prceed t d smething, yu d it, ften after ding smething else first.( )【答案】1—3 CBE
4．If yu adpt a new attitude, plan, r way f behaving, yu begin t have it.( )5．If yu dive int sme water, yu jump in head first with yur arms held straight abve yur head.( )【答案】4—5 DA
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写 1．__________ v. 收养；领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度→adptin n. 采用；接收 (参考：invent→inventin) 2．__________ v. 侦查；查明；调查→investigatin n. 调查，审查；科学研究 【答案】1．adpt 2．investigate
3．freeze v. 呆住；突然停止；(使)冻结，(使)结冰→ __________ adj. 极冷的；冰点以下的，冰冻的 (参考：astnish→astnishing) 4．amaze v. 使吃惊；使惊喜→ __________ n. 吃惊，惊奇 (参考：arrange→arrangement) 【答案】3．freezing 4．amazement
Ⅲ．完成句子1．Lucy Maud Mntgmery ________________ fr her Anne series, especially fr her first bk Anne f Green Gables.露西·莫德·蒙哥马利的《安妮》系列作品享誉世界，尤其是她的第一本书《绿色山墙的安妮》。【答案】1．enjys a wrldwide reputatin
2．At first she ____________. When she knew she was nt wanted, she sank int despair.起初她保持沉默。当她知道不需要她时，她陷入了绝望。3．She immediately ________________ when she saw Betty in the frnt yard.当她看到贝蒂在前院的时候，她立刻冲到门口。【答案】2．remained/stayed silent 3．rushed t the dr
4．She ______________, crying：“Yu dn’t want me any mre”.她突然哭了起来，哭着说：“你不要我了。” 5．She culdn’t eat because she had n appetite; she was ____________.她不能吃东西，因为她没有胃口；她绝望了。【答案】4．burst int tears 5．in despair
1．adpt vi. & vt. 收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等 (P14)They apply t adpt a by frm an rphanage as they need help n their farm.【翻译】他们申请领养一个孤儿院的男孩，因为他们的农场需要帮手。
adpted adj. 收养的；领养的；移居的；所选择居住的 adptive adj. 采用的；有收养关系的 adptable adj. 可采用的；可收养的 adptin n. 采用；收养；接受 adpter n. 养父母 adptee n. 被收养者 adpt sb as… 选举某人为…… adpt ne’s suggestin/advice 采纳某人的建议
Jimmy is adpted and thus unrelated t Beth by bld.吉米是收养的，因此和贝丝无血缘关系。The passage puts frward the adptable steps t perfect the interest rates’ effects nw.本文提出了当前可采用的政策措施，以完善利率效应。In 1783, he secured the adptin f the decimal cinage in Cngress.在1783年，他促使国会采纳了十进位币制。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1) ______________ (adpt) can fail fr all kinds f reasns.(2)Bth children seem very lyal t their ______________ (adpt) mther.【答案】(1)Adptin (2)adptive
完成句子(3)After much deliberatin, the manager decided t ________ ____________.经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。(4)We _____________ ur candidate in the next electin.我们已选定他为下届选举的候选人。【答案】(3)adpted her suggestin/advice (4)have adpted him as
2．freeze vi. & vt. 呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结 (P14)But when her eyes fell n the dd little figure in the stiff, ugly dress, with the lng red hair and the eager, bright eyes, she frze in amazement.【翻译】但当她的目光落在那个衣服不合身又难看、长着红色长发、眼睛热切明亮的古怪的小人身上时，她惊呆了。
freeze作名词时，也可表示“冻结；凝固；停止；冰冻期；严寒期；霜冻”等。frzen adj. 冷冻的；结冰的；冻僵的 freezing adj. 冰冻的；极冷的 n. 冰点 freezer n. 冰箱；冷冻库；制冷工
The trees were damaged by a freeze in December.那些树被12月的一次霜冻冻坏了。If the temperature drps belw 0 ℃ water freezes.如果温度降到零摄氏度以下，水就会结冰。When everybdy else is biling ht, I’m freezing! 当其他每一个人都热得不行时，我却冻得发抖！
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)The cinema was ____________ (freeze).(2)I always keep a pizza in the _______ (freeze) as a standby.(3)It was bitterly cld nw and the grund was ________ (freeze) hard.【答案】(1)freezing (2)freezer (3)frzen
3．prceed vi. 继续进行，继续做 (P14)Sitting dwn n a chair by the table, thrwing her arms n it, and burying her face in them, she prceeded t cry strmily.【翻译】她坐在桌子边的一张椅子上，手臂放在椅子上，脸埋在臂弯里，继续大哭不已。
prceeding n. 进行；程序；诉讼 prcessin n. 队伍，行列；一列；一排 prceed t d sth 继续做某事 prceed with 继续进行 prceed frm 从……出发 prceed against 提起诉讼
The prceedings f the inquiry will take place in private.调查程序将秘密进行。The marchers prceeded slwly alng the street.游行者沿着街道缓缓行进。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)She sat dwn and prceeded __________ (tell) me abut her skiing hliday.(2)Musicians played at the frnt and rear f the ____(prceed).(3)It’s very imprtant t wait until the wrkspace is built befre __________ (prceed).【答案】(1)t tell (2)prcessin (3)prceeding
4．reveal vt. 揭示，揭露；展现，显露 (P14)The child raised her head, revealing a tear-stained face.【翻译】这个孩子抬起头，露出她那泪痕未干的脸庞。【语言提升】
revealer n. 启示者；探测器；揭露者 revealing adj. 透露内情的；发人深省的；暴露的 revealingly adv. 启发人地；坦率地
Officers culd nt reveal hw he died.警察们不能透露他是怎么死的。Museum is a recrder, revealer and educatr f the histry and culture f a natin.博物馆是一个国家、一个民族历史和文化的记录者，展示者，教育者。
The answers the children gave were extremely revealing.孩子们所给的答案极其发人深省。Tw cncepts f man cnfrnt each ther, mvingly, revealingly, and nt withut a subtle ambiguity.两种人的观念互相碰撞，既令人感动又有揭露性，同时不乏一种巧妙的含糊其词。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)He laughed, ________ (reveal) a line f white teeth.(2)He spke __________ (revealing) abut his prblems.【答案】(1)revealing (2)revealingly
(3)He is the creatr and definer and ________ (reveal) f lve and mercy.(4)Hamiltn ________ (reveal) his grand design fr the ecnmic future f the United States just nw.【答案】(3)revealer (4)revealed
5．dare n. & vi. 胆敢，敢于 (P15)I daren’t trust yu t put it ut yurself.【翻译】我可不放心让你自己吹灭蜡烛。【语言提升】
daring adj. 大胆的； 勇敢的 daringly adv. 大胆地； 毅然地
Dn’t be afraid f being laughed at by ther peple if yu want t practice t speak in English, and cmmunicate with them daringly, and yu will make prgress n it just like this.如果你想练习说英语就不要怕别人笑话，大胆地与他们交流，只有这样你才会有进步！
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)His _______ (dare) rescue saved the lives f the yungsters.(2)He sprayed all srts f clurs ________ (daring), and they lked really fantastic n paper.【答案】(1)daring (2)daringly
dive也可用作名词，意为“潜水，下潜；跳水；俯冲；冲，扑；突降，暴跌；假摔”。diving n. 跳水，潜水
6．dive vi. 扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水 (P15)Then she dived dwn int the bedclthes again.【翻译】然后，她又钻进床单里。【语言提升】
diver n. 潜水者；跳水的选手 g diving 去潜水 dive ff 从……跳水 dive int 投入；钻研；把手伸入 take a dive 突然下降，急剧下降 make a dive fr… 向……猛冲；冲过去拿……；冲向……
Stck prices tk a dive.股票价格暴跌。He made a sudden dive fr Uncle Jim’s legs t try t trip him up.他猛地扑向吉姆大叔的双腿，试图绊倒他。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)It started t rain s we ________ (dive) int the nearest cafe.(2)Japan is a great place fr skiing and ________ (dive)! (3)We squatted beside the pl and watched the ________ (dive) sink slwly dwn.【答案】(1)dve/dived (2)diving (3)diver
完成句子(4)The galkeeper _________________ fr the ball.守门员向球扑去。(5)The main purpse f his hliday t Greece was t ________________.他到希腊度假的主要目的就是去潜水。【答案】(4)made a dive (5)g diving
1．(P14)Sitting dwn n a chair by the table, thrwing her arms n it, and burying her face in them, she prceeded t cry strmily.【翻译】她坐在桌子边的一张椅子上，手臂放在椅子上，脸埋在臂弯里，继续大哭不已。
【句式剖析】“Sitting dwn n a chair by the table, thrwing her arms n it, and burying her face in them”是由and连接的三个动词的-ing形式短语，在句子中充当方式状语，表示伴随动作。
(1)分词短语一般用来表示方式或伴随情况。它用以说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，动词的-ing形式所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，它的逻辑主语就是主句中的主语，谓语动词作为主要动作，而动词的-ing表示一个较次要动作，相当于一个由and引导的并列结构。动词的-ed形式可以说明谓语动作的背景，且动词的-ed形式与其逻辑主语之间有动宾关系。
(2)分词短语在句子中还可以用作其他状语，如时间、原因、条件、让步、结果等状语。
Hearing their teacher’s vice(＝On hearing their teacher’s vice＝When they heard their teacher’s vice), the pupils stpped talking at nce. (时间状语) 一听到老师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。
Nt knwing hw t wrk ut the difficult physics prblem, he asked the teacher fr help. (原因状语) ＝Because he didn’t knw hw t wrk ut the difficult physics prblem, he asked the teacher fr help.因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他向老师求助。
Turning t the left, yu will find the path leading t the park. (条件状语) ＝If yu turn t the left, yu will find the path leading t the park.如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。Weighing almst ne hundred jin, the stne was mved by him alne. (让步状语)
＝Althugh the stne weighed almst ne hundred jin, it was mved by him alne.虽然那块石头重将近一百斤，他一个人就把它挪开了。Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. (结果状语) ＝Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus it caused the delay.他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。
【针对练习】完成句子(1) ___________________, she remembered her childhd.看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。(2) ___________________, he jumped with jy.他一听到这个好消息，就高兴地跳起来。【答案】(1)Seeing thse pictures (2)Hearing the gd news
(3) ________________, he didn’t g t schl yesterday.由于生病，他昨天没有上学。(4) ______________________, they made me pay fr the damage.尽管知道了这一切，他们还是要我赔偿损失。【答案】(3)Being ill (4)Knwing all this
(5)He lay n the grass, ________ fr a lng time.他躺在草地上，久久地盯着天空。(6)His father died，________.他父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。(7) ___________________, I fund nbdy in it.走进教室，我发现里面没人。【答案】(5)staring at the sky (6)leaving him a lt f mney (7)Entering the classrm
2．(P15)“Yu’re nt eating anything，” said Marilla sharply, eying her as if it were a serius prblem.【翻译】“你什么也没有吃，”玛利拉厉声说道，眼睛盯着她，好像是一个很严重的问题。【句式剖析】“as if”在本句中引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”。
(1)as if 在lk, seem等系动词后引导表语从句；也可引导方式状语从句。(2)as if还可用于省略句中，如果as if 引导的从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。
(3)as if从句的语气及时态 ①as if 从句用陈述语气的情况：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。②as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况： ▲如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。▲如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。▲如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“wuld/ culd/might＋动词原形”。
He acts as if (he was) a fl.他做事像个傻瓜。Tm raised his hands as if (he was ging) t say smething.汤姆举起手好像要说什么。He talks as if he is drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。He talks abut Rme as if he had been there befre.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)She lves the kid as if she ________ (be) his mther.(2)I felt as if the rain __________ (stp).(3)He pened his muth as if he ________ (say) smething.【答案】(1)were (2)had stpped (3)wuld say
翻译句子 (4)他看上去好像要微笑。__________________________________________ (5)在那时，我觉得好像我的心都不跳了。__________________________________________ 【答案】(4)He lked as if he was ging t smile.(5)I felt as if my heart had stpped at that time.
3．(P15)“Gd night，” she said, a little awkwardly, but nt unkindly.【翻译】“晚安，”她说道，带着一点点尴尬，但是并非不友好。【句式剖析】“a little awkwardly”和“but nt unkindly”是两个副词短语，在句中修饰“she said”。这种副词短语在英语中通常叫作句子副词。
(1)句子副词通常位于句首(或分句句首)，修饰句子(而不是修饰某个单词)，反映说话人的观点和看法。(2)有的句子副词用作其他种类的副词时，位置和语义也会发生变化。
Obviusly, he can’t tell the difference between them. (句子副词) 显然他无法区别两者的不同。Clearly, he didn’t say s. (句子副词) 显然他没有这样说。
He didn’t say s clearly. (方式副词) 他说得没有那么清楚。Frankly, yu are wrng. (句子副词) 老实说，你错了。He spke frankly abut his past life. (方式副词) 他坦率地谈了他过去的生活。
【针对练习】完成句子(1) ______________, there is a prblem here.显然这里有问题。(2) ______________, everybdy’s well-rested because it culd be a lng day.希望大家都休息好了，因为这一天会很漫长。【答案】(1)Clearly/Obviusly (2)Hpefully
(3) ______________, we wuld like t start ur prject next mnth.理想而言，我们希望下个月就启动我们的项目。(4) ______________, they are quite stupid.坦率地讲，他们很愚蠢。【答案】(3)Ideally (4)Frankly
(5)I arrived late but _________ the meeting had been delayed.我迟到了，但幸运的是会议被推迟了。(6) ______________, speech act thery has great inspiratin fr language research.毫无疑问，言语行为理论对语言研究具有巨大的启发意义。【答案】(5)luckily (6)Undubtedly
一、单词拼写 1．She suffered severe bruising, but n __________ (骨头) were brken.2．She wiped her eyes, and a slight smile began t crease(弄皱) her __________ (有泪痕的) cheeks.【答案】1．bnes 2．tear-stained
3．D________ is the feeling that everything is wrng and that nthing will imprve.4．He ________ in t save the dg at cnsiderable risk t his wn life.5．T get yu started, we have asked five successful writers t __________ (揭示) sme f the tricks f the trade.【答案】3．Despair 4．dived/dve 5．reveal
二、单句语法填空1．The wrd is nw English by ________ (adpt).2．She pulled a ready-made ________ (freeze) meal frm the freezer.3．The shw is a keeper — ________ (dare), imaginative and prvcative.【答案】1．adptin 2．frzen 3．daring
4．I dn’t think that __________ (reveal) yur past t yur byfriend scared him ff.5．He utlined his plans and then __________ (prceed) t explain them in mre detail.6．There will be a full __________ (investigate) t wrk ut what caused the accident.【答案】4．revealing 5．prceeded 6．investigatin
三、完成句子1．She ________________ the cause f a generatin f American yuth.她承担起了一代美国年轻人的事业。2．These creatures live ________ the cean.这些生物生活在海洋深处。【答案】1．had taken up 2．in the depth f
3．When the shts sunded, we ______________ the nearest drway.枪声响时，我们冲向最靠近的一个门廊里。4．Yu’ll have t ________________ yur studies if yu want t pass the entrance examinatins.要想通过入学考试，你必须埋头读书。【答案】3．made a dive fr 4．bury yurself in
一、由于国家间地域的不同，所说话的口音之间也是存在差别的。1．美式发音与英式发音之间的最大区别就是美式发音中除了“Mrs”之外，会将每个单词中的r音体现出来，其中位于词尾的r需强调是卷舌音。而英式读法中，一般都不会将r读出来。
□美式英语和英式英语的区别
2．关于非重音字母e的发音。在美式英语中读作/e/，而在英式英语中读作/ɪ/。例如：except，美式英语为/ek'sept/，而英式英语为/ɪk'sept/。3．清辅音/t/处于两个元音中间，前一个是重读元音，后一个是轻读元音时，美式英语会将清辅音浊化，所以writer 和rider (骑手)发音几乎相同。
4．在许多重音节的读法上，美式英语习惯省略重音节前面的轻音部分，例如：herbal，在美式中，省略h音，读作/'ɜːrb(ə)l/。5．美式英语与英式英语的说话语气方面也有很大的区别：美式英语的调域变化较小，听起来柔顺舒服一点；英式英语比较抑扬顿挫，调域之间变化较大，更有气势。
二、在拼写方面，美式英语与英式英语也有很多不同。以下是一些常见的规则： 1．在美式英语中，通常会省略英式英语中的ur组合中的u。例如： favurite →favrite；clur→clr；neighbur→neighbr 2．美式英语常用z代替英式英语中的s。例如： capitalisatin→capitalizatin；aplgise→aplgise；recgnise →recgnize
3．英式英语在单词中一般双写最后的辅音字母，而美式英语不会。例如： traveller→traveler；labelled → labeled 4．在某些单词名词中，英式英语的c在动词形式时要变成s，而美式英语则不会，一律都用c。例如： practice→practise；licence→license
5．结尾re与er的区别，前者为英式结尾，后者为美式结尾。例如： centre(英)→center(美)；metre(英)→meter(美) 6．一些英式英语中的单词以gue结尾，但美式英语中以g结尾。例如： dialgue(英)→dialg(美)；catalgue(英)→catalg(美)
总的来说，英式英语受法语和拉丁语的影响大，美式英语受德语的影响较大，所以两者才会在英语的一些用法上有很大的出入。
三、美式英语和英式英语的单词表达有所不同。以下面一些单词作为示例(左侧为美式英语，右侧为英式英语)： 公寓apartment/flat 大学cllege/university 假期；休假vacatin/hliday 炸薯条(french) fries/chips
电影mvie/film 邮箱mailbx/pstbx 药店drugstre/chemist’s 足球sccer/ftball 饼干ckie/biscuit 排队line/queue
出租车cab/taxi 花园yard/garden 秋天autumn/fall 地铁subway/undergrund 电梯 elevatr/lift
请借助工具书，分别写出下列汉语的美式英语和英式英语： 1．千克：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 2．实现(v. )：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 【答案】1．kilgram; kilgramme 2．realize; realise
3．组织(v. )：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 4．纤维：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 5．节目：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 【答案】3．rganize; rganise 4．fiber; fibre 5．prgram; prgramme
6．荣誉：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 7．劳动：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 8．全球化：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 【答案】6．hnr; hnur 7．labr; labur 8．glbalizatin; glbalisatin
A．跳水，潜水；扑向，急冲进 B．侦查，调查，查明 C．展现，显露；揭示，揭露 D．收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度 E．继续进行，继续做
1．The reprt was a device used t hide rather than reveal prblems.( )2．We shuld investigate what happened and what went wrng.( )3．If yu prceed t d smething, yu d it, ften after ding smething else first.( )【答案】1—3 CBE
4．If yu adpt a new attitude, plan, r way f behaving, yu begin t have it.( )5．If yu dive int sme water, yu jump in head first with yur arms held straight abve yur head.( )【答案】4—5 DA
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写 1．__________ v. 收养；领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度→adptin n. 采用；接收 (参考：invent→inventin) 2．__________ v. 侦查；查明；调查→investigatin n. 调查，审查；科学研究 【答案】1．adpt 2．investigate
3．freeze v. 呆住；突然停止；(使)冻结，(使)结冰→ __________ adj. 极冷的；冰点以下的，冰冻的 (参考：astnish→astnishing) 4．amaze v. 使吃惊；使惊喜→ __________ n. 吃惊，惊奇 (参考：arrange→arrangement) 【答案】3．freezing 4．amazement
Ⅲ．完成句子1．Lucy Maud Mntgmery ________________ fr her Anne series, especially fr her first bk Anne f Green Gables.露西·莫德·蒙哥马利的《安妮》系列作品享誉世界，尤其是她的第一本书《绿色山墙的安妮》。【答案】1．enjys a wrldwide reputatin
2．At first she ____________. When she knew she was nt wanted, she sank int despair.起初她保持沉默。当她知道不需要她时，她陷入了绝望。3．She immediately ________________ when she saw Betty in the frnt yard.当她看到贝蒂在前院的时候，她立刻冲到门口。【答案】2．remained/stayed silent 3．rushed t the dr
4．She ______________, crying：“Yu dn’t want me any mre”.她突然哭了起来，哭着说：“你不要我了。” 5．She culdn’t eat because she had n appetite; she was ____________.她不能吃东西，因为她没有胃口；她绝望了。【答案】4．burst int tears 5．in despair
1．adpt vi. & vt. 收养，领养；采取某种方法、政策、态度等 (P14)They apply t adpt a by frm an rphanage as they need help n their farm.【翻译】他们申请领养一个孤儿院的男孩，因为他们的农场需要帮手。
adpted adj. 收养的；领养的；移居的；所选择居住的 adptive adj. 采用的；有收养关系的 adptable adj. 可采用的；可收养的 adptin n. 采用；收养；接受 adpter n. 养父母 adptee n. 被收养者 adpt sb as… 选举某人为…… adpt ne’s suggestin/advice 采纳某人的建议
Jimmy is adpted and thus unrelated t Beth by bld.吉米是收养的，因此和贝丝无血缘关系。The passage puts frward the adptable steps t perfect the interest rates’ effects nw.本文提出了当前可采用的政策措施，以完善利率效应。In 1783, he secured the adptin f the decimal cinage in Cngress.在1783年，他促使国会采纳了十进位币制。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1) ______________ (adpt) can fail fr all kinds f reasns.(2)Bth children seem very lyal t their ______________ (adpt) mther.【答案】(1)Adptin (2)adptive
完成句子(3)After much deliberatin, the manager decided t ________ ____________.经理再三考虑之后，决定采纳她的建议。(4)We _____________ ur candidate in the next electin.我们已选定他为下届选举的候选人。【答案】(3)adpted her suggestin/advice (4)have adpted him as
2．freeze vi. & vt. 呆住；突然停止；(使)结冰，(使)冻结 (P14)But when her eyes fell n the dd little figure in the stiff, ugly dress, with the lng red hair and the eager, bright eyes, she frze in amazement.【翻译】但当她的目光落在那个衣服不合身又难看、长着红色长发、眼睛热切明亮的古怪的小人身上时，她惊呆了。
freeze作名词时，也可表示“冻结；凝固；停止；冰冻期；严寒期；霜冻”等。frzen adj. 冷冻的；结冰的；冻僵的 freezing adj. 冰冻的；极冷的 n. 冰点 freezer n. 冰箱；冷冻库；制冷工
The trees were damaged by a freeze in December.那些树被12月的一次霜冻冻坏了。If the temperature drps belw 0 ℃ water freezes.如果温度降到零摄氏度以下，水就会结冰。When everybdy else is biling ht, I’m freezing! 当其他每一个人都热得不行时，我却冻得发抖！
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)The cinema was ____________ (freeze).(2)I always keep a pizza in the _______ (freeze) as a standby.(3)It was bitterly cld nw and the grund was ________ (freeze) hard.【答案】(1)freezing (2)freezer (3)frzen
3．prceed vi. 继续进行，继续做 (P14)Sitting dwn n a chair by the table, thrwing her arms n it, and burying her face in them, she prceeded t cry strmily.【翻译】她坐在桌子边的一张椅子上，手臂放在椅子上，脸埋在臂弯里，继续大哭不已。
prceeding n. 进行；程序；诉讼 prcessin n. 队伍，行列；一列；一排 prceed t d sth 继续做某事 prceed with 继续进行 prceed frm 从……出发 prceed against 提起诉讼
The prceedings f the inquiry will take place in private.调查程序将秘密进行。The marchers prceeded slwly alng the street.游行者沿着街道缓缓行进。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)She sat dwn and prceeded __________ (tell) me abut her skiing hliday.(2)Musicians played at the frnt and rear f the ____(prceed).(3)It’s very imprtant t wait until the wrkspace is built befre __________ (prceed).【答案】(1)t tell (2)prcessin (3)prceeding
4．reveal vt. 揭示，揭露；展现，显露 (P14)The child raised her head, revealing a tear-stained face.【翻译】这个孩子抬起头，露出她那泪痕未干的脸庞。【语言提升】
revealer n. 启示者；探测器；揭露者 revealing adj. 透露内情的；发人深省的；暴露的 revealingly adv. 启发人地；坦率地
Officers culd nt reveal hw he died.警察们不能透露他是怎么死的。Museum is a recrder, revealer and educatr f the histry and culture f a natin.博物馆是一个国家、一个民族历史和文化的记录者，展示者，教育者。
The answers the children gave were extremely revealing.孩子们所给的答案极其发人深省。Tw cncepts f man cnfrnt each ther, mvingly, revealingly, and nt withut a subtle ambiguity.两种人的观念互相碰撞，既令人感动又有揭露性，同时不乏一种巧妙的含糊其词。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)He laughed, ________ (reveal) a line f white teeth.(2)He spke __________ (revealing) abut his prblems.【答案】(1)revealing (2)revealingly
(3)He is the creatr and definer and ________ (reveal) f lve and mercy.(4)Hamiltn ________ (reveal) his grand design fr the ecnmic future f the United States just nw.【答案】(3)revealer (4)revealed
5．dare n. & vi. 胆敢，敢于 (P15)I daren’t trust yu t put it ut yurself.【翻译】我可不放心让你自己吹灭蜡烛。【语言提升】
daring adj. 大胆的； 勇敢的 daringly adv. 大胆地； 毅然地
Dn’t be afraid f being laughed at by ther peple if yu want t practice t speak in English, and cmmunicate with them daringly, and yu will make prgress n it just like this.如果你想练习说英语就不要怕别人笑话，大胆地与他们交流，只有这样你才会有进步！
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)His _______ (dare) rescue saved the lives f the yungsters.(2)He sprayed all srts f clurs ________ (daring), and they lked really fantastic n paper.【答案】(1)daring (2)daringly
dive也可用作名词，意为“潜水，下潜；跳水；俯冲；冲，扑；突降，暴跌；假摔”。diving n. 跳水，潜水
6．dive vi. 扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水 (P15)Then she dived dwn int the bedclthes again.【翻译】然后，她又钻进床单里。【语言提升】
diver n. 潜水者；跳水的选手 g diving 去潜水 dive ff 从……跳水 dive int 投入；钻研；把手伸入 take a dive 突然下降，急剧下降 make a dive fr… 向……猛冲；冲过去拿……；冲向……
Stck prices tk a dive.股票价格暴跌。He made a sudden dive fr Uncle Jim’s legs t try t trip him up.他猛地扑向吉姆大叔的双腿，试图绊倒他。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)It started t rain s we ________ (dive) int the nearest cafe.(2)Japan is a great place fr skiing and ________ (dive)! (3)We squatted beside the pl and watched the ________ (dive) sink slwly dwn.【答案】(1)dve/dived (2)diving (3)diver
完成句子(4)The galkeeper _________________ fr the ball.守门员向球扑去。(5)The main purpse f his hliday t Greece was t ________________.他到希腊度假的主要目的就是去潜水。【答案】(4)made a dive (5)g diving
1．(P14)Sitting dwn n a chair by the table, thrwing her arms n it, and burying her face in them, she prceeded t cry strmily.【翻译】她坐在桌子边的一张椅子上，手臂放在椅子上，脸埋在臂弯里，继续大哭不已。
【句式剖析】“Sitting dwn n a chair by the table, thrwing her arms n it, and burying her face in them”是由and连接的三个动词的-ing形式短语，在句子中充当方式状语，表示伴随动作。
(1)分词短语一般用来表示方式或伴随情况。它用以说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，动词的-ing形式所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，它的逻辑主语就是主句中的主语，谓语动词作为主要动作，而动词的-ing表示一个较次要动作，相当于一个由and引导的并列结构。动词的-ed形式可以说明谓语动作的背景，且动词的-ed形式与其逻辑主语之间有动宾关系。
(2)分词短语在句子中还可以用作其他状语，如时间、原因、条件、让步、结果等状语。
Hearing their teacher’s vice(＝On hearing their teacher’s vice＝When they heard their teacher’s vice), the pupils stpped talking at nce. (时间状语) 一听到老师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。
Nt knwing hw t wrk ut the difficult physics prblem, he asked the teacher fr help. (原因状语) ＝Because he didn’t knw hw t wrk ut the difficult physics prblem, he asked the teacher fr help.因为不知道如何解这道物理难题，他向老师求助。
Turning t the left, yu will find the path leading t the park. (条件状语) ＝If yu turn t the left, yu will find the path leading t the park.如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。Weighing almst ne hundred jin, the stne was mved by him alne. (让步状语)
＝Althugh the stne weighed almst ne hundred jin, it was mved by him alne.虽然那块石头重将近一百斤，他一个人就把它挪开了。Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. (结果状语) ＝Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus it caused the delay.他们的车遇上交通阻塞，因而耽误了。
【针对练习】完成句子(1) ___________________, she remembered her childhd.看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。(2) ___________________, he jumped with jy.他一听到这个好消息，就高兴地跳起来。【答案】(1)Seeing thse pictures (2)Hearing the gd news
(3) ________________, he didn’t g t schl yesterday.由于生病，他昨天没有上学。(4) ______________________, they made me pay fr the damage.尽管知道了这一切，他们还是要我赔偿损失。【答案】(3)Being ill (4)Knwing all this
(5)He lay n the grass, ________ fr a lng time.他躺在草地上，久久地盯着天空。(6)His father died，________.他父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。(7) ___________________, I fund nbdy in it.走进教室，我发现里面没人。【答案】(5)staring at the sky (6)leaving him a lt f mney (7)Entering the classrm
2．(P15)“Yu’re nt eating anything，” said Marilla sharply, eying her as if it were a serius prblem.【翻译】“你什么也没有吃，”玛利拉厉声说道，眼睛盯着她，好像是一个很严重的问题。【句式剖析】“as if”在本句中引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”。
(1)as if 在lk, seem等系动词后引导表语从句；也可引导方式状语从句。(2)as if还可用于省略句中，如果as if 引导的从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。
(3)as if从句的语气及时态 ①as if 从句用陈述语气的情况：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。②as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况： ▲如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。▲如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。▲如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“wuld/ culd/might＋动词原形”。
He acts as if (he was) a fl.他做事像个傻瓜。Tm raised his hands as if (he was ging) t say smething.汤姆举起手好像要说什么。He talks as if he is drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。He talks abut Rme as if he had been there befre.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)She lves the kid as if she ________ (be) his mther.(2)I felt as if the rain __________ (stp).(3)He pened his muth as if he ________ (say) smething.【答案】(1)were (2)had stpped (3)wuld say
翻译句子 (4)他看上去好像要微笑。__________________________________________ (5)在那时，我觉得好像我的心都不跳了。__________________________________________ 【答案】(4)He lked as if he was ging t smile.(5)I felt as if my heart had stpped at that time.
3．(P15)“Gd night，” she said, a little awkwardly, but nt unkindly.【翻译】“晚安，”她说道，带着一点点尴尬，但是并非不友好。【句式剖析】“a little awkwardly”和“but nt unkindly”是两个副词短语，在句中修饰“she said”。这种副词短语在英语中通常叫作句子副词。
(1)句子副词通常位于句首(或分句句首)，修饰句子(而不是修饰某个单词)，反映说话人的观点和看法。(2)有的句子副词用作其他种类的副词时，位置和语义也会发生变化。
Obviusly, he can’t tell the difference between them. (句子副词) 显然他无法区别两者的不同。Clearly, he didn’t say s. (句子副词) 显然他没有这样说。
He didn’t say s clearly. (方式副词) 他说得没有那么清楚。Frankly, yu are wrng. (句子副词) 老实说，你错了。He spke frankly abut his past life. (方式副词) 他坦率地谈了他过去的生活。
【针对练习】完成句子(1) ______________, there is a prblem here.显然这里有问题。(2) ______________, everybdy’s well-rested because it culd be a lng day.希望大家都休息好了，因为这一天会很漫长。【答案】(1)Clearly/Obviusly (2)Hpefully
(3) ______________, we wuld like t start ur prject next mnth.理想而言，我们希望下个月就启动我们的项目。(4) ______________, they are quite stupid.坦率地讲，他们很愚蠢。【答案】(3)Ideally (4)Frankly
(5)I arrived late but _________ the meeting had been delayed.我迟到了，但幸运的是会议被推迟了。(6) ______________, speech act thery has great inspiratin fr language research.毫无疑问，言语行为理论对语言研究具有巨大的启发意义。【答案】(5)luckily (6)Undubtedly
一、单词拼写 1．She suffered severe bruising, but n __________ (骨头) were brken.2．She wiped her eyes, and a slight smile began t crease(弄皱) her __________ (有泪痕的) cheeks.【答案】1．bnes 2．tear-stained
3．D________ is the feeling that everything is wrng and that nthing will imprve.4．He ________ in t save the dg at cnsiderable risk t his wn life.5．T get yu started, we have asked five successful writers t __________ (揭示) sme f the tricks f the trade.【答案】3．Despair 4．dived/dve 5．reveal
二、单句语法填空1．The wrd is nw English by ________ (adpt).2．She pulled a ready-made ________ (freeze) meal frm the freezer.3．The shw is a keeper — ________ (dare), imaginative and prvcative.【答案】1．adptin 2．frzen 3．daring
4．I dn’t think that __________ (reveal) yur past t yur byfriend scared him ff.5．He utlined his plans and then __________ (prceed) t explain them in mre detail.6．There will be a full __________ (investigate) t wrk ut what caused the accident.【答案】4．revealing 5．prceeded 6．investigatin
三、完成句子1．She ________________ the cause f a generatin f American yuth.她承担起了一代美国年轻人的事业。2．These creatures live ________ the cean.这些生物生活在海洋深处。【答案】1．had taken up 2．in the depth f
3．When the shts sunded, we ______________ the nearest drway.枪声响时，我们冲向最靠近的一个门廊里。4．Yu’ll have t ________________ yur studies if yu want t pass the entrance examinatins.要想通过入学考试，你必须埋头读书。【答案】3．made a dive fr 4．bury yurself in
一、由于国家间地域的不同，所说话的口音之间也是存在差别的。1．美式发音与英式发音之间的最大区别就是美式发音中除了“Mrs”之外，会将每个单词中的r音体现出来，其中位于词尾的r需强调是卷舌音。而英式读法中，一般都不会将r读出来。
□美式英语和英式英语的区别
2．关于非重音字母e的发音。在美式英语中读作/e/，而在英式英语中读作/ɪ/。例如：except，美式英语为/ek'sept/，而英式英语为/ɪk'sept/。3．清辅音/t/处于两个元音中间，前一个是重读元音，后一个是轻读元音时，美式英语会将清辅音浊化，所以writer 和rider (骑手)发音几乎相同。
4．在许多重音节的读法上，美式英语习惯省略重音节前面的轻音部分，例如：herbal，在美式中，省略h音，读作/'ɜːrb(ə)l/。5．美式英语与英式英语的说话语气方面也有很大的区别：美式英语的调域变化较小，听起来柔顺舒服一点；英式英语比较抑扬顿挫，调域之间变化较大，更有气势。
二、在拼写方面，美式英语与英式英语也有很多不同。以下是一些常见的规则： 1．在美式英语中，通常会省略英式英语中的ur组合中的u。例如： favurite →favrite；clur→clr；neighbur→neighbr 2．美式英语常用z代替英式英语中的s。例如： capitalisatin→capitalizatin；aplgise→aplgise；recgnise →recgnize
3．英式英语在单词中一般双写最后的辅音字母，而美式英语不会。例如： traveller→traveler；labelled → labeled 4．在某些单词名词中，英式英语的c在动词形式时要变成s，而美式英语则不会，一律都用c。例如： practice→practise；licence→license
5．结尾re与er的区别，前者为英式结尾，后者为美式结尾。例如： centre(英)→center(美)；metre(英)→meter(美) 6．一些英式英语中的单词以gue结尾，但美式英语中以g结尾。例如： dialgue(英)→dialg(美)；catalgue(英)→catalg(美)
总的来说，英式英语受法语和拉丁语的影响大，美式英语受德语的影响较大，所以两者才会在英语的一些用法上有很大的出入。
三、美式英语和英式英语的单词表达有所不同。以下面一些单词作为示例(左侧为美式英语，右侧为英式英语)： 公寓apartment/flat 大学cllege/university 假期；休假vacatin/hliday 炸薯条(french) fries/chips
电影mvie/film 邮箱mailbx/pstbx 药店drugstre/chemist’s 足球sccer/ftball 饼干ckie/biscuit 排队line/queue
出租车cab/taxi 花园yard/garden 秋天autumn/fall 地铁subway/undergrund 电梯 elevatr/lift
请借助工具书，分别写出下列汉语的美式英语和英式英语： 1．千克：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 2．实现(v. )：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 【答案】1．kilgram; kilgramme 2．realize; realise
3．组织(v. )：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 4．纤维：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 5．节目：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 【答案】3．rganize; rganise 4．fiber; fibre 5．prgram; prgramme
6．荣誉：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 7．劳动：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 8．全球化：__________________ (美式) ____________________ (英式) 【答案】6．hnr; hnur 7．labr; labur 8．glbalizatin; glbalisatin
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