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湖南省长沙市德成学校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）
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这是一份湖南省长沙市德成学校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含精品解析湖南省长沙市德成学校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题原卷版docx、精品解析湖南省长沙市德成学校2023-2024学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Mr Wilsn, prfessr f news media, has recently received many questins frm his students and answered them nline. Here are sme f them:
• What is mass media?
Mass media refers t the surces f infrmatin and news that reach a large audience. Besides traditinal media, technlgy has changed and there are many new media intrduced t cnvey infrmatin t the masses such as: bks and magazines, televisins, Internet vides, films and dcumentaries.
• What is the imprtance f mass media?
Different types f mass media prvide us with varius types f plitical, religius, ecnmic and scial related news and infrmatin.
Each media has its significance in sme r the ther way. Fr example, a newspaper prvides infrmatin in rural areas and urban areas as well as a TV which als prvides infrmatin, news and entertainment shws thrugh a digital medium.
• What is traditinal media?
Traditinal media is cnsidered as the ldest frm f mass media, which transfers culture and traditin frm generatin t generatin. Peple ver sme time develped different ways f cmmunicating thrugh lcal languages and written mediums. There are varius frms f traditinal media such as flk sngs, fairs and festivals.
• Which sectr is cnsidered as the rt f mass media?
The first mdern mass media institutin began with the develpment f the printing press.
• Are there any prblems assciated with mass media?
As with everything in life, mass media als cmes with its wn shrtcmings. But there are enugh experts t make up fr that.
1. What has cntributed t the ppularity f mdern media?
A Cmmunicatin.B. Ecnmic change.
C. Traditinal culture.D. New technlgy.
2. Which is described as a traditinal mass medium?
A. A dialgue between father and sn.
B. A radi prgramme bradcasted at night.
C. A flk sng ppular with yungsters.
D. A piece f big news via Weib.
3. What is true f media?
A. It ffers us all kinds f news.
B. The rt f mass media is Internet.
C. The inventin f paper is cnsidered as the rt f mass media.
D. There are n shrtcmings in mass media.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过新闻媒体教授威尔逊之口，解释了什么是大众传媒和传统媒体，大众传媒的重要性、根源和问题。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“What is mass media?(什么是大众传媒？)”部分中的“Besides traditinal media, technlgy has changed and there are many new media intrduced t cnvey infrmatin t the masses such as: bks and magazines, televisins, Internet vides, films and dcumentaries.(除了传统媒体，技术也发生了变化，有许多新媒体被引入来向大众传递信息，如：书籍和杂志，电视，网络视频，电影和纪录片。)”可知，技术的发展促成了现代媒体的普及。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“What is traditinal media?(什么是传统媒体？)”部分中的“There are varius frms f traditinal media such as flk sngs, fairs and festivals.(有各种形式的传统媒体，如民歌、集市和节日。)”可知，一首深受年轻人喜爱的民歌就描述为是传统媒体。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“What is mass media?(什么是大众传媒？)”部分中的“Mass media refers t the surces f infrmatin and news that reach a large audience.(大众传媒是指能够接触到大量受众的信息和新闻来源。)”和“What is the imprtance f mass media?(大众传媒的重要性是什么？)”部分中的“Different types f mass media prvide us with varius types f plitical, religius, ecnmic and scial related news and infrmatin.(不同类型的大众传媒为我们提供各种类型的政治、宗教、经济和社会相关的新闻和信息。)”可知，媒体能够为我们提供各种各样的新闻。故选A项。
B
Aesha Ash is a ballet dancer wh began The Swan Dreams Prject in 2011. It is a prgram designed t bring ballet t girls f clr in her cmmunity. Aesha Ash is ne f the few wmen f clr t ever grace the stages f the Schl f American Ballet in New Yrk City. She wants t expse her cmmunity t mre psitive images f wmen f clr thrugh the use f ballet. She wants t shw the wrld that beauty and grace are nt defined by status r race.
Aesha grew up in the inner city f Rchester, New Yrk, where crime, gun vilence and pverty were amng the biggest threats t the cmmunity. Fr her, that’s nrmal. That’s just life in the neighbrhd, but what she remembers mst is the dance studi. She started dancing at the age f five. A teacher mentined t her mther that she had sme prmise in ballet, and that it wuld be difficult fr her, as a wman f clr, t enter the ballet wrld. But the hardship she faced was the very thing that pushed her t pursue a career in ballet.
And there’s s much negative steretypes (刻板印象) and misunderstanding f wh they are in the media. Thrugh the use f imagery and her career as a ballet dancer, she challenges steretypes that exist fr wmen f clr, particularly thse frm inner-city cmmunities.
“It’s imprtant that ur girls see that side f themselves because fr many kids it’s hard t be what yu can’t see. I hadn’t seen a black ballet dancer befre I decided that was what I wanted t be. It was really imprtant fr me t be in my envirnment displaying that because this is where I’m frm. It was always beynd ballet,” Aesha Ash stated.
4. Why did Aesha start The Swan Dreams Prject?
A. T prmte the images f females f clr by ballet.
B. T expse her cmmunity t a wrld f wmen f clr.
C. T grace the stages f the Schl f American Ballet.
D. T shw the wrld that beauty and grace are defined by status.
5. Which f the fllwing best describes the cmmunity she grew up in?
A. Cmfrtable.B. Ancient.C. Peaceful.D. Unsafe.
6. What can’t we knw frm the passage?
A. Aesha had a gift fr ballet accrding t her teacher.
B. The hardship Aesha faced was the clr f her skin.
C. Acsha wanted t be a ballet dancer because f a wman dancer f clr.
D. It is nt easy t change the steretypes that exist fr wmen f clr.
7. What is the main idea f the text?
A. A teacher prvides chances fr girls f clr.B. A wman brings ballet t the girls f clr.
C. Ballet changes the life f a wman f clr.D. A wman has changed the negative steretypes.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍艾莎创办了一个“天鹅之梦”项目，旨在将芭蕾舞带给有色人种女孩。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段首句“Aesha Ash is a ballet dancer wh began The Swan Dreams Prject in 2011. (艾莎·阿什是一名芭蕾舞演员，她于2011年创办了“天鹅之梦”项目。)”以及倒数第二句“She wants t expse her cmmunity t mre psitive images f wmen f clr thrugh the use f ballet. (她想通过芭蕾向她的社区展示更多有色人种女性的正面形象。)”可知，艾莎·阿什创办了“天鹅之梦”项目是为了通过芭蕾向她的社区展示更多有色人种女性的正面形象。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Aesha grew up in the inner city f Rchester, New Yrk, where crime, gun vilence and pverty were amng the biggest threats t the cmmunity. (艾莎在纽约罗彻斯特的内城长大，在那里，犯罪、枪支暴力和贫困是社区面临的最大威胁。)”可知，艾莎成长的社区很不安全，面临着犯罪、枪支暴力和贫困等问题。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“A teacher mentined t her mther that she had sme prmise in ballet, and that it wuld be difficult fr her, as a wman f clr, t enter the ballet wrld. (一位老师对她的母亲说，她在芭蕾舞方面很有前途，但作为一名有色人种女性，她很难进入芭蕾舞界。)”以及第三段首句“And there’s s much negative steretypes (刻板印象) and misunderstanding f wh they are in the media. (媒体对他们有很多负面的刻板印象和误解。)”可知，艾莎的老师说她有芭蕾舞天赋；艾莎面对的困难是她是有色人种；媒体对他们有很多负面的刻板印象和误解，突破这种刻板印象并不容易。C项的内容没有提到。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段第一二句“Aesha Ash is a ballet dancer wh began The Swan Dreams Prject in 2011. It is a prgram designed t bring ballet t girls f clr in her cmmunity. (艾莎·阿什是一名芭蕾舞演员，她于2011年创办了“天鹅之梦”项目。这是一个旨在将芭蕾舞带给她所在社区有色人种女孩的项目。)”可知，本文主要介绍艾莎办了一个旨在将芭蕾舞带给有色人种女孩的“天鹅之梦”项目。故选B。
C
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem.
Race walkers are cnditined athletes. The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmetre race walk, which is abut five miles lnger than the marathn. But the sprt’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight thrugh mst f the leg swing and ne ft remain in cntact with the grund at all times. It’s this strange frm that makes race walking such an attractive activity, hwever, says Jaclyn Nrberg, an assistant prfessr f exercise science at Salem State University.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. Accrding t mst calculatins, race walkers mving at a pace f six miles per hur wuld burn abut 800 calries (卡路里) per hur, which is apprximately twice as many as they wuld burn walking, althugh fewer than running, which wuld prbably burn abut 1,000 r mre calries per hur.
Hwever, race walking des nt pund the bdy as much as running des, Dr Nrberg says. Accrding t her research, runners hit the grund with as much as fur times their bdy weight per step, while race walkers, wh d nt leave the grund, create nly abut 1.4 times their bdy weight with each step.
As a result, she says, sme f the injuries assciated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncmmn amng race walkers. But the sprt’s strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius in adpting the sprt. In fact, anyne wishing t try race walking shuld prbably first cnsult a cach r experienced racer t learn prper technique, she says. It takes sme practice.
8. Which is the best title f the passage?
A. Race walking
B. Cnditins f race
C. Hw tugh race walking is
D. Hw t race like walking
9. Why is the length f race walk mentined in paragraph 2?
A. T tell readers hw strange it is.
B. T infrm athletes f the special rules.
C T prve that race walkers are cnditined athletes.
D. T shw that race walking is physically demanding.
10. What disadvantage des race walking have?
A. It is mre likely t injure the chest.
B. It causes stress n the ankles and hips.
C. It’s less ppular with yung peple.
D. It causes knee injuries easily.
11. What is authr’s attitude t race walking?
A. Indifferent.B. Dubtful.C. Nervus.D. Objective.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竞走的很多健身的好处和它自己的问题。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段中“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem. (研究表明，竞走和跑步有很多健身的好处，但更有可能减少受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题。)”可知，文章介绍了竞走的很多健身的好处和它自己的问题。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Race walkers are cnditined athletes. The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmetre race walk, which is abut five miles lnger than the marathn. (竞走运动员是有条件的运动员。夏季奥运会上最长的田径项目是50公里竞走，比马拉松比赛长约5英里。)”可知，第2段提到竞走的长度，是为了证明竞走运动员是有条件的运动员。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“But the sprt’s strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius in adpting the sprt. (但这项运动奇怪的形式确实对脚踝和臀部造成了相当大的压力，所以有过这种伤害史的人在参加这项运动时可能要谨慎。)”可知，竞走会对脚踝和臀部造成压力。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem. (研究表明，竞走和跑步有很多健身的好处，但更有可能减少受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题。)”可知，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选D项。
D
Ai-Da sits behind a desk, a paintbrush in her hand. She lks up at the persn psing fr her, and then back dwn as she applies anther drp f paint nt the canvas(画布). A lifelike prtrait is taking shape. If yu didn’t knw a rbt prduced it, this prtrait culd pass as the wrk f a human artist.
Ai-Da prduces prtraits f sitting subjects using a rbtic hand attached t her lifelike figure. She’s als able t talk giving detailed answers t questins abut her artistic prcess and attitudes twards technlgy. She even gave a TEDx talk titled “The Intersectin f Art and AI” in Oxfrd several years ag. Ai-Da’s creatrs have als been experimenting with having her write and perfrm her wn petry.
But hw are we t interpret Ai-Da’s utput? Shuld we cnsider her paintings and petry riginal and creative? Are these wrks actually art?
What discussins abut AI and creativity ften verlk is the fact that creativity isn’t an abslute quality that can be defined, measured and reprduced bjectively. When we describe an bject-fr instance, a child’s drawing—as being creative, we prject ur wn assumptins abut culture nt it. Indeed, art never exists in islatin. It always needs smene t give it “art” status. And the criteria fr whether yu think smething is art are frmed by bth yur expectatins and brader cultural cnceptins.
If we extend this line f thinking t AI, it fllws that n Al applicatin r rbt can bjectively be “creative”. It is always we—humans—that decide whether wrks created by AI are art.
Sme may see rbt-prduced paintings as smething cming frm creative cmputers, while thers may be skeptical, given the fact that rbts act n clear human instructins. In any case, attributin (归属)f creativity never depends n technical arrangement alne—n cmputer is bjectively creative. Rather, the attributin f cmputatinal creativity is largely inspired by cntexts f receptin. Thrugh particular scial infrmatin, sme peple are inspired t think f AI utput as art, systems as artists, and cmputers as creatrs. Therefre, as with any piece f art, yur appreciatin f AI utput ultimately depends n yur wn interpretatin.
12. What can we learn abut Ai-Da?
A. She has a cmplex many-sided persnalityB. She beat thers in the debate n art and AI.
C. She is capable f drawing high-quality prtraits.D. She can write pems withut being prgrammed.
13. What fact d discussins abut AI and creativity ften ignre?
A. That art is cntent-based.B. That art can take many frms.
C. That creativity is clsely related t cultures.D. That creativity is ften measured subjectively.
14. What idea des the authr want t cnvey in the last paragraph?
A. Every cin has tw sides.B. Great minds think alike.
C. Fur eyes see mre than tw.D. Beauty is in the eye f the behlder.
15. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Is AI-created Art Really Art?B. Will Peple Accept AI Artists?
C. Can We Use AI t Create Prtraits?D. D We Need t Imprve AI’s Creativity?
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要通过描写Ai-Da机器人创作的作品引出本文的话题机器人创作的作品真的是艺术吗，进而进行讨论。作者的观点是与任何艺术作品一样，对AI输出的欣赏最终取决于自己的解读。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Ai-Da sits behind a desk, a paintbrush in her hand. She lks up at the persn psing fr her, and then back dwn as she applies anther drp f paint nt the canvas(画布). A lifelike prtrait is taking shape. If yu didn’t knw a rbt prduced it, this prtrait culd pass as the wrk f a human artist.(Ai-Da坐在桌子后面，手里拿着画笔。她抬头看着为她摆姿势的人，然后低头往画布上又涂了一滴颜料。一幅栩栩如生的肖像正在成形。如果你不知道这是机器人创作的，这幅肖像可能会被当成是人类艺术家的作品。)”可推断出Ai-Da能够画出高质量的肖像画。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“What discussins abut AI and creativity ften verlk is the fact that creativity isn’t an abslute quality that can be defined, measured and reprduced bjectively. (关于人工智能和创造力的讨论往往忽略了一个事实：创造力并不是一种可以被定义、衡量和客观再现的绝对品质。)”由此可知，创造力通常是主观衡量的。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In any case, attributin (归属)f creativity never depends n technical arrangement alne—n cmputer is bjectively creative. Rather, the attributin f cmputatinal creativity is largely inspired by cntexts f receptin. Thrugh particular scial infrmatin, sme peple are inspired t think f AI utput as art, systems as artists, and cmputers as creatrs. Therefre, as with any piece f art, yur appreciatin f AI utput ultimately depends n yur wn interpretatin.(在任何情况下，创造力的归属从来不仅仅依赖于技术安排——没有一台计算机是客观上有创造力的。更确切地说，计算创造力的归属很大程度上是受到接收环境的启发。通过特定的社会信息，一些人受到启发，认为人工智能输出是艺术，系统是艺术家，计算机是创造者。因此，与任何艺术作品一样，你对AI输出的欣赏最终取决于你自己的解读。)”因此可知作者的观点是对AI输出的欣赏，主要是依靠自己的理解，D选项“情人眼里出西施。”符合这一观点，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文特别是第三段“But hw are we t interpret Ai-Da’s utput? Shuld we cnsider her paintings and petry riginal and creative? Are these wrks actually art? (但我们该如何解读Ai-Da的作品呢?我们是否应该认为她的绘画和诗歌是原创的?这些作品真的是艺术吗?)”可知本文主要通过描写Ai-Da机器人创作的作品引出本文的话题机器人创作的作品真的是艺术吗，进而进行讨论。故A选项“人工智能创造的艺术真的是艺术吗?”符合本文主旨，适合做标题，故选A。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Benefits f Sprts
Ding sprts is a physical, mental and scial adventure. It’s a great way fr children t take a break frm studies and release extra energy. It als helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sprts have prven beneficial t verall well-being.
The physical benefits f ding sprts are prbably the mst bvius. Regardless f yur fitness level when yu start playing sprts, yu’ll ntice an increase in yur verall fitness nce yu’re invlved. ___16___ Basketball players fcus n strength training; ftball players wrk n speed while track athletes train thrugh lnger runs. The training prcess helps prmte physical fitness and perfrmances in cmpetitins.
___17___ Playing sprts als cntributes t mental health, helping t increase cnfidence and self-wrth. A pat n the back, a high five frm a teammate, r a handshake after a match really bsts a child’s cnfidence. Wrds f praise and encuragement frm the cach, parents and ther players raise self-wrth. ___18___ S after a game, it’s a better idea t ask “Did yu enjy the game?” rather than “Did yu win?”
Children wh participate in sprts might als benefit frm the scial aspect, feeling part f a grup, building up respnsibility and leadership. ___19___ Teamwrk invlves bth being dependable as a teammate and learning t rely n yur teammates t achieve a psitive utcme. Teamwrk breeds respnsibility and challenges yu t be respnsible fr yur actins. Being part f a team gives yu an pprtunity t be a leader.
Discipline is anther scial advantage. Mst rganized sprts require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, yu need t balance studies and athletics. ___20___
There is n shrtage f reasns t find a sprt t get invlved in. Are yu ready t g? Pick ne and get mving!
A. It’s nt just yur bdy that benefits frm sprts.
B. Therefre, playing sprts is ging t make yu mre fit.
C. But remember, a child’s self-wrth shuld nt be distinguished by victry r lss.
D. If yu play grup sprts, yu’ll be part f a team that takes directin frm a cach.
E. Nearly every sprt requires physical activities and the cmpetitive skills.
F. Amng these, learning hw t functin as part f a team is the mst imprtant advantage.
G. Only with strict discipline can yu be successful bth in the classrm and in the sprts field.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。运动是一种身体、心理和社交的冒险。这是孩子们休息一下，释放额外能量的好方法。这也有助于他们过上更充实、更幸福的生活。本文主要介绍了运动对身心的好处。
【16题详解】
根据空后的例证“Basketball players fcus n strength training; ftball players wrk n speed while track athletes train thrugh lnger runs. (篮球运动员注重力量训练；足球运动员提高速度，而田径运动员则进行长跑训练)”可知，下文介绍各种运动对身体技能的要求。E项“Nearly every sprt requires physical activities and the cmpetitive skills. (几乎每一项运动都需要体力活动和具有竞争力的技能)”符合语境，开启下文，E项中的every sprt对应空后列举的几项运动。故选E。
【17题详解】
上一段讲的是运动对身体的好处。根据后句“Playing sprts als cntributes t mental health, helping t increase cnfidence and self-wrth. (运动也有助于心理健康，有助于增强信心和自我价值)”可知，本段讲的是运动对心理的好处。A项“It’s nt just yur bdy that benefits frm sprts. (不仅仅是你的身体从运动中受益)”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Wrds f praise and encuragement frm the cach, parents and ther players raise self-wrth. (教练、父母和其他球员的赞美和鼓励提高了自我价值)”可知，空前说表扬和鼓励会提升自我价值感，空后说的是比赛后不要过度关注输赢。由此推知，空处陈述不要自我价值，并不体现在输赢中。C项“But remember, a child’s self-wrth shuld nt be distinguished by victry r lss. (但是记住，孩子的自我价值不应以胜利或失败来区分)”与空前后意思连贯，句中的self-wrth是前一句中的原词复现，且victry r lss与后一句中的“Did yu win?”呼应。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据前句“Children wh participate in sprts might als benefit frm the scial aspect, feeling part f a grup, building up respnsibility and leadership. (参加体育运动的孩子也可能从社交方面受益，感觉自己是群体的一部分，加强责任感和领导力)”和后句“Teamwrk invlves bth being dependable as a teammate and learning t rely n yur teammates t achieve a psitive utcme. (团队合作包括做一个可靠的队友和学会依靠你的队友来取得积极的结果)”可知，设空处承上启下。F项“Amng these, learning hw t functin as part f a team is the mst imprtant advantage. (其中，学习如何充当团队的一员是最重要的好处)”符合语境，a part f team是关键词。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Discipline is anther scial advantage. Mst rganized sprts require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, yu need t balance studies and athletics. (自律是另一个社会优势。大多数有组织的运动都需要严格的训练和练习时间表。作为一名学生运动员，你需要在学习和运动之间取得平衡)”可知，通过运动的规则，学会遵守纪律也是很重要的，有助于学生取得成功。 G项“Only with strict discipline can yu be successful bth in the classrm and in the sprts field. (只有遵守严格的纪律，你才能在课堂上和运动场上都取得成功)”符合语境，是对前三句内容的总结。故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 25 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the secnd year f my high schl, I went abrad t cntinue my educatin. Shrtly after I settled dwn with my hst family, an Italian girl ____21____ t. Since the huse had limited space, we ____22____ tgether. My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment. My rmmate liked t invite friends ver and hld parties, but I preferred ____23____ hme by myself. Then ____24____ started t appear, and I tld myself that I never wanted a rmmate again.
Unfrtunately life quickly ____25____ me when I went t cllege. It required all first-year students t live n ____26____, which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw. Frm that pint n, I began t ____27____. When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness. When she invited me t have lunch, I was cmpletely ____28____. I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt ____29____, even thugh I culd clearly hear my heart beating thrugh my chest. I cnsidered it fr a lng time, and finally, I accepted her _____30_____.
After we _____31_____ tgether fr a few weeks, I gt t knw Lily already wned a small business selling snacks, while I kept _____32_____ t set gals. One night, she asked me what I wanted t d fr my career. I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.” “Dn’t wrry! We will wrk tgether, and I’ll help yu _____33_____ what yu are passinate abut,” she said in a gentle vice. Under her _____34_____, I fund my interest and knew what I wanted t be after graduatin. Thanks t her, I felt having a rmmate culd be s _____35_____.
21. A. ran awayB. sped upC. set ffD. mved in
22. A. layB. ckedC. rmedD. studied
23. A. cmingB. stayingC. leavingD. returning
24. A. resultsB. changesC. cnflictsD. signs
25. A. challengedB. embracedC. ignredD. wke
26. A. streetB. campusC. landD. stage
27. A. wrryB. expectC. cryD. understand
28. A. cnfusedB. disappintedC. interestedD. frightened
29. A. bedB. rmC. chairD. zne
30. A. suggestinB. invitatinC. aplgyD. present
31. A. wrkedB. gatheredC. unitedD. lived
32. A. waitingB. planningC. strugglingD. wanting
33. A. enjyB. findC. addressD. slve
34. A. influenceB. cntrlC. leadershipD. prtectin
35. A. successfulB. secureC. inspiringD. stressful
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者刚开始不喜欢和别人一起住，后来上大学时按照学校要求作者不得不和别人一起住，作者起初很紧张，后来在室友莉莉的帮助下，作者认识到有个室友是那么地鼓舞人心。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在寄宿家庭安顿下来后不久，一个意大利女孩也搬了进来。A. ran away逃跑；B. sped up加速；C. set ff出发；D. mved in搬进。根据下文“Since the huse had limited space, we ____2____ tgether. My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment.”可知，一个意大利女孩也搬进了这个寄宿家庭。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为房子空间有限，我们就住在一起。A. lay铺设；B. cked烹饪；C. rmed合住；D. studied研究。根据下文“My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment.”可知，我们住在一起了。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的室友喜欢邀请朋友来家里聚会，但我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。A. cming来；B. staying停留；C. leaving离开；D. returning返回。根据下文“hme by myself”及语境可知，我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后矛盾开始出现，我告诉自己我再也不要室友了。A. results结果；B. changes变更；C. cnflicts矛盾；D. signs标志。根据上文“My rmmate liked t invite friends ver and hld parties, but I preferred ____3____ hme by myself.”可知，我们观念不同，所以出现了矛盾。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当我上大学时，生活很快向我提出了挑战。A. challenged挑战；B. embraced拥抱；C. ignred忽略；D. wke醒来。根据上文“Then ____4____ started t appear, and I tld myself that I never wanted a rmmate again.”及下文“It required all first-year students t live n ____6____, which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw.”可知，我想要室友，但是大学要求住宿，所以这对我提出了挑战。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它要求所有的一年级学生都住在校园里，这意味着我必须和一个我不认识的人住在一起。A. street街；B. campus校园；C. land土地；D. stage阶段。根据下文“which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw.”可知，学校要求一年级学生都要在校园里住宿。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那一刻起，我开始担心起来。A. wrry担心；B. expect预期；C. cry哭泣；D. understand理解。根据下文“When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness.”可知，我很紧张，所以我很担心自己未来的住宿生活。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她邀请我共进午餐时，我完全吓坏了。A. cnfused困惑的；B. disappinted失望的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt ____9____, even thugh I culd clearly hear my heart beating thrugh my chest.”可知，当时我很紧张，非常害怕。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区，尽管我可以清楚地听到我的心跳穿过我的胸膛。A. bed床；B. rm房间；C. chair椅子；D. zne区域。根据上文“I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt”及常识可知，我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我考虑了很久，最后，我接受了她的邀请。A. suggestin建议；B. invitatin邀请；C. aplgy道歉；D. present礼物。根据上文“When she invited me t have lunch, I was cmpletely ____8____.”可知，我的室友邀请我共进午餐，经过长时间的考虑，最后，我接受了她的邀请。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. wrked工作；B. gathered聚集；C. united联合；D. lived居住。根据上文“When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness.”可知，我和莉莉是室友，我们住在一起。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. waiting等待；B. planning计划；C. struggling努力；D. wanting想要。根据下文“One night, she asked me what I wanted t d fr my career. I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.””可知，我还没有自己的目标，所以我一直在努力设定目标。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别担心！我们会一起努力，我会帮你找到你的激情所在，”她温柔地说。A. enjy享受；B. find找到；C. address演讲；D. slve解决。根据上文“I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.””及下文“what yu are passinate abut”可知，我不知道自己的目标，所以莉莉在帮助我找我的激情所在。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的影响下，我找到了自己的兴趣，也知道自己毕业后想做什么。A. influence影响；B. cntrl控制；C. leadership领导力；D. prtectin保护。根据语境可知，此处指在莉莉的帮助下，我找到自己的兴趣。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏了她，我才觉得有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心。A. successful成功的；B. secure安全的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. stressful有压力的。根据上文“Thanks t her”可知，此处在表达感激之情，“有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心”符合语境。故选C。
第二节（共 10 小题；每题 1 分，共 10 分）
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The wrld-famus art museum Musée d’Orsay___36___ (huse) sme f the best-knwn Impressinist ___37___ (paint) f the 19th century. When I ___38___ (wander) there and laid eyes n the masterpieces, mstly I___39___ (strike) by the wrks f the tw Impressinists Claude Mnet and Pierre·Auguste Renir. Mnet, ___40___ wrks were greatly inspired by nature, brught the same water lily pnd’s beauty t the canvas in___41___ unique way, using different clrs and styles. Renir preferred t paint scenes f everyday life with little clear detail. All in all, Impressinists fcused ___42___ everyday subject matter, ___43___ (emply) free brushwrk and clrs t create far ___44___ (little) realistic wrks. Impressinism has had a ___45___ (last) influence n bth the Pst-Impressinists and mdern art.
【答案】36 huses
37. paintings
38. wandered
39. was struck
40. whse 41. a
42. n 43. emplying
44. less 45. lasting
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者对世界著名的艺术博物馆Musée d’Orsay收藏的一些19世纪最著名的印象派绘画的感受。
【36题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：世界著名的艺术博物馆Musée d’Orsay收藏了一些19世纪最著名的印象派画作。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语the wrld-famus art museum（世界著名博物馆）为单数形式，与huse（收藏）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且该句陈述一般事实，因此需使用其一般现在时的单数形式。故填huses。
【37题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：世界著名的艺术博物馆Musée d’Orsay收藏了一些19世纪最著名的印象派画作。分析句子结构可知，sme（一些）后接可数名词复数形式，根据语境可知，该句表示“一些画作”，应使用painting（绘画；画作）的复数形式。故填paintings。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：当我漫步在那里，欣赏这些杰作时，最让我印象深刻的是两位印象派画家克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿的作品。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语I与wander（漫步）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且根据laid可知，该句陈述过去事实，空处应使用一般过去式形式。故填wandered。
【39题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：当我漫步在那里，欣赏这些杰作时，最让我印象深刻的是两位印象派画家克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿的作品。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语I与strike（冲击）之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且根据陈述过去事实，因此需使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was struck。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：莫奈的作品深受大自然的启发，他用不同的色彩和风格，以独特的方式将同样的睡莲池之美带到画布上。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作定语，因此可使用关系代词whse引导定语从句。故填whse。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：莫奈的作品深受大自然的启发，他用不同的色彩和风格，以独特的方式将同样的睡莲池之美带到画布上。分析句子结构可知，空处泛指“一种独特的方式”，且unique（独特的）是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此可使用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：总而言之，印象派专注于日常主题，使用自由的笔法和色彩来创作远不现实的作品。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语fcus n，意为“关注；专注于”。故填n。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：总而言之，印象派专注于日常主题，使用自由的笔法和色彩来创作远不现实的作品。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语fcus（关注），空处应在句中作非谓语形式作状语，主语impressinists与emply之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用其现在分词形式表主动。故填emplying。
【44题详解】
考查比较级。句意：总而言之，印象派专注于日常主题，使用自由的笔法和色彩来创作远不现实的作品。分析句子结构可知，副词far（非常）后接比较级，且此处表示“远不现实的”，空处应使用little的比较级形式。故填less。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：印象派对后印象派和现代艺术都产生了持久的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处需使用形容词lasting（持久的）在句中作定语修饰名词influence（影响）。故填lasting。
【点睛】
第三部分 读后续写（满分 25 分）
46. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mai Lin wasn’t ding well enugh at schl, r at least she wasn’t satisfied with herself. She wished she culd d better.
“Let’s review the material we learned in the last unit,” the histry teacher said. “Wh can tell us what caused the War f 1812?” Mai Lin sat at her desk, staring ahead. She hped the teacher wuldn’t call her name. They hadn’t studied the War f 1812 at her ld schl and she didn’t knw the answer.
“Alisn?” the teacher asked instead. Oh, perfect, Mai Lin thught. Of curse Alisn wuld have the answer. She seemed t have all the answers. Alisn was the mst ppular girl in schl – always surrunded by millins f byfriends, best friends, and thers. She was like a brilliant sun.
Mai Lin hadn’t made ne r tw friends f her wn s far. Her ld schl was small and lw-key, but a shy persn like Mai Lin had a chance there. This new schl, hwever, seemed as big as an airprt t Mai Lin, and it seemed very hard t get arund in it. She still gt lst smetimes in the schl.
Mai Lin frwned (皱眉) as Alisn answered the teacher’s questin. Alisn prbably never gt lst, Mai Lin thught t herself. Yu culd prbably put Alisn dwn in the middle f a desert, and within five minutes she’d be able t tell yu the best way t get hme.
Histry class finally ended, and Mai Lin headed fr the gym. The class had been playing basketball. Alisn, wh was as tall and thin and attractive as a tree, was very gd at it. Beside her, Mai Lin felt like a very small and flish ant. Tday, hwever, the gym teacher pinted t a thick rpe hanging frm the ceiling and said, “Everybdy! Yu’re ging t climb this rpe tday.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing the teacher’s wrds, Mai Lin smiled.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mai Lin stepped frward and gt clse t the rpe.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Hearing the teacher’s wrds, Mai Lin smiled. She knew what was cming. They’d dne lts f physical fitness training at her ld schl and she was quite gd at rpe climbing. “Wh’s first?” the teacher asked. “Alisn?” T Mai Lin’s surprise, Alisn turned as pale as the mn and shk her head. “She’s scared,” Mai Lin thught. “Perfect Alisn was scared.” Suddenly Mai Lin heard her wn vice saying, “I’ll d it.” Alisn lked up at Mai Lin in great surprise, and all the ther classmates seemed surprised, t. The teacher ndded and tld Mai Lin t climb.
Paragraph 2:
Mai Lin stepped frward and gt clse t the rpe. She appeared calm but was extremely excited. She climbed the rpe very fast and reached the ceiling within what seemed a few secnds, effrtlessly. As she reached the tp, she glanced dwn at her fellw students belw. Nw it was Alisn wh appeared like a small ant. She saw Alisn lking up, eyes wide with admiratin. Mai Lin clung t the tp f the rpe fr a mment lnger and then headed dwn t jin the class. Once she gt n the grund, everybdy cheered. Mai Lin knew she wuld be different frm that day n.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了麦琳从一个不起眼的小学校转到一所新的很大的学校，看到优秀同学艾莉森的表现后，感到不自信。一天，体育课上老师要求大家攀爬绳子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到老师的话，麦琳笑了。”可知，第一段可描写麦琳找到了自己擅长的项目并勇敢表现自己。
②由第二段首句内容“麦琳向前迈了一步，靠近了绳子。”可知，第二段可描写成功爬上绳子后，麦琳找回了自信。
2.续写线索：艾莉森感到害怕——麦琳毛遂自荐——成功爬上绳子——麦琳找回自信
3.词汇激活
行为类
①攀登：climb/scale
②向前走：step frward/walk frward
③紧握不放：cling t/hld nt/grasp
情绪类
①害怕的：scared/frightened
②吃惊的：surprised/shcked
【点睛】[高分句型1] She knew what was cming.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] As she reached the tp, she glanced dwn at her fellw students belw.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Mr Wilsn, prfessr f news media, has recently received many questins frm his students and answered them nline. Here are sme f them:
• What is mass media?
Mass media refers t the surces f infrmatin and news that reach a large audience. Besides traditinal media, technlgy has changed and there are many new media intrduced t cnvey infrmatin t the masses such as: bks and magazines, televisins, Internet vides, films and dcumentaries.
• What is the imprtance f mass media?
Different types f mass media prvide us with varius types f plitical, religius, ecnmic and scial related news and infrmatin.
Each media has its significance in sme r the ther way. Fr example, a newspaper prvides infrmatin in rural areas and urban areas as well as a TV which als prvides infrmatin, news and entertainment shws thrugh a digital medium.
• What is traditinal media?
Traditinal media is cnsidered as the ldest frm f mass media, which transfers culture and traditin frm generatin t generatin. Peple ver sme time develped different ways f cmmunicating thrugh lcal languages and written mediums. There are varius frms f traditinal media such as flk sngs, fairs and festivals.
• Which sectr is cnsidered as the rt f mass media?
The first mdern mass media institutin began with the develpment f the printing press.
• Are there any prblems assciated with mass media?
As with everything in life, mass media als cmes with its wn shrtcmings. But there are enugh experts t make up fr that.
1. What has cntributed t the ppularity f mdern media?
A Cmmunicatin.B. Ecnmic change.
C. Traditinal culture.D. New technlgy.
2. Which is described as a traditinal mass medium?
A. A dialgue between father and sn.
B. A radi prgramme bradcasted at night.
C. A flk sng ppular with yungsters.
D. A piece f big news via Weib.
3. What is true f media?
A. It ffers us all kinds f news.
B. The rt f mass media is Internet.
C. The inventin f paper is cnsidered as the rt f mass media.
D. There are n shrtcmings in mass media.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过新闻媒体教授威尔逊之口，解释了什么是大众传媒和传统媒体，大众传媒的重要性、根源和问题。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“What is mass media?(什么是大众传媒？)”部分中的“Besides traditinal media, technlgy has changed and there are many new media intrduced t cnvey infrmatin t the masses such as: bks and magazines, televisins, Internet vides, films and dcumentaries.(除了传统媒体，技术也发生了变化，有许多新媒体被引入来向大众传递信息，如：书籍和杂志，电视，网络视频，电影和纪录片。)”可知，技术的发展促成了现代媒体的普及。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“What is traditinal media?(什么是传统媒体？)”部分中的“There are varius frms f traditinal media such as flk sngs, fairs and festivals.(有各种形式的传统媒体，如民歌、集市和节日。)”可知，一首深受年轻人喜爱的民歌就描述为是传统媒体。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“What is mass media?(什么是大众传媒？)”部分中的“Mass media refers t the surces f infrmatin and news that reach a large audience.(大众传媒是指能够接触到大量受众的信息和新闻来源。)”和“What is the imprtance f mass media?(大众传媒的重要性是什么？)”部分中的“Different types f mass media prvide us with varius types f plitical, religius, ecnmic and scial related news and infrmatin.(不同类型的大众传媒为我们提供各种类型的政治、宗教、经济和社会相关的新闻和信息。)”可知，媒体能够为我们提供各种各样的新闻。故选A项。
B
Aesha Ash is a ballet dancer wh began The Swan Dreams Prject in 2011. It is a prgram designed t bring ballet t girls f clr in her cmmunity. Aesha Ash is ne f the few wmen f clr t ever grace the stages f the Schl f American Ballet in New Yrk City. She wants t expse her cmmunity t mre psitive images f wmen f clr thrugh the use f ballet. She wants t shw the wrld that beauty and grace are nt defined by status r race.
Aesha grew up in the inner city f Rchester, New Yrk, where crime, gun vilence and pverty were amng the biggest threats t the cmmunity. Fr her, that’s nrmal. That’s just life in the neighbrhd, but what she remembers mst is the dance studi. She started dancing at the age f five. A teacher mentined t her mther that she had sme prmise in ballet, and that it wuld be difficult fr her, as a wman f clr, t enter the ballet wrld. But the hardship she faced was the very thing that pushed her t pursue a career in ballet.
And there’s s much negative steretypes (刻板印象) and misunderstanding f wh they are in the media. Thrugh the use f imagery and her career as a ballet dancer, she challenges steretypes that exist fr wmen f clr, particularly thse frm inner-city cmmunities.
“It’s imprtant that ur girls see that side f themselves because fr many kids it’s hard t be what yu can’t see. I hadn’t seen a black ballet dancer befre I decided that was what I wanted t be. It was really imprtant fr me t be in my envirnment displaying that because this is where I’m frm. It was always beynd ballet,” Aesha Ash stated.
4. Why did Aesha start The Swan Dreams Prject?
A. T prmte the images f females f clr by ballet.
B. T expse her cmmunity t a wrld f wmen f clr.
C. T grace the stages f the Schl f American Ballet.
D. T shw the wrld that beauty and grace are defined by status.
5. Which f the fllwing best describes the cmmunity she grew up in?
A. Cmfrtable.B. Ancient.C. Peaceful.D. Unsafe.
6. What can’t we knw frm the passage?
A. Aesha had a gift fr ballet accrding t her teacher.
B. The hardship Aesha faced was the clr f her skin.
C. Acsha wanted t be a ballet dancer because f a wman dancer f clr.
D. It is nt easy t change the steretypes that exist fr wmen f clr.
7. What is the main idea f the text?
A. A teacher prvides chances fr girls f clr.B. A wman brings ballet t the girls f clr.
C. Ballet changes the life f a wman f clr.D. A wman has changed the negative steretypes.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍艾莎创办了一个“天鹅之梦”项目，旨在将芭蕾舞带给有色人种女孩。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段首句“Aesha Ash is a ballet dancer wh began The Swan Dreams Prject in 2011. (艾莎·阿什是一名芭蕾舞演员，她于2011年创办了“天鹅之梦”项目。)”以及倒数第二句“She wants t expse her cmmunity t mre psitive images f wmen f clr thrugh the use f ballet. (她想通过芭蕾向她的社区展示更多有色人种女性的正面形象。)”可知，艾莎·阿什创办了“天鹅之梦”项目是为了通过芭蕾向她的社区展示更多有色人种女性的正面形象。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段首句“Aesha grew up in the inner city f Rchester, New Yrk, where crime, gun vilence and pverty were amng the biggest threats t the cmmunity. (艾莎在纽约罗彻斯特的内城长大，在那里，犯罪、枪支暴力和贫困是社区面临的最大威胁。)”可知，艾莎成长的社区很不安全，面临着犯罪、枪支暴力和贫困等问题。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“A teacher mentined t her mther that she had sme prmise in ballet, and that it wuld be difficult fr her, as a wman f clr, t enter the ballet wrld. (一位老师对她的母亲说，她在芭蕾舞方面很有前途，但作为一名有色人种女性，她很难进入芭蕾舞界。)”以及第三段首句“And there’s s much negative steretypes (刻板印象) and misunderstanding f wh they are in the media. (媒体对他们有很多负面的刻板印象和误解。)”可知，艾莎的老师说她有芭蕾舞天赋；艾莎面对的困难是她是有色人种；媒体对他们有很多负面的刻板印象和误解，突破这种刻板印象并不容易。C项的内容没有提到。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段第一二句“Aesha Ash is a ballet dancer wh began The Swan Dreams Prject in 2011. It is a prgram designed t bring ballet t girls f clr in her cmmunity. (艾莎·阿什是一名芭蕾舞演员，她于2011年创办了“天鹅之梦”项目。这是一个旨在将芭蕾舞带给她所在社区有色人种女孩的项目。)”可知，本文主要介绍艾莎办了一个旨在将芭蕾舞带给有色人种女孩的“天鹅之梦”项目。故选B。
C
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem.
Race walkers are cnditined athletes. The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmetre race walk, which is abut five miles lnger than the marathn. But the sprt’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight thrugh mst f the leg swing and ne ft remain in cntact with the grund at all times. It’s this strange frm that makes race walking such an attractive activity, hwever, says Jaclyn Nrberg, an assistant prfessr f exercise science at Salem State University.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. Accrding t mst calculatins, race walkers mving at a pace f six miles per hur wuld burn abut 800 calries (卡路里) per hur, which is apprximately twice as many as they wuld burn walking, althugh fewer than running, which wuld prbably burn abut 1,000 r mre calries per hur.
Hwever, race walking des nt pund the bdy as much as running des, Dr Nrberg says. Accrding t her research, runners hit the grund with as much as fur times their bdy weight per step, while race walkers, wh d nt leave the grund, create nly abut 1.4 times their bdy weight with each step.
As a result, she says, sme f the injuries assciated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncmmn amng race walkers. But the sprt’s strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius in adpting the sprt. In fact, anyne wishing t try race walking shuld prbably first cnsult a cach r experienced racer t learn prper technique, she says. It takes sme practice.
8. Which is the best title f the passage?
A. Race walking
B. Cnditins f race
C. Hw tugh race walking is
D. Hw t race like walking
9. Why is the length f race walk mentined in paragraph 2?
A. T tell readers hw strange it is.
B. T infrm athletes f the special rules.
C T prve that race walkers are cnditined athletes.
D. T shw that race walking is physically demanding.
10. What disadvantage des race walking have?
A. It is mre likely t injure the chest.
B. It causes stress n the ankles and hips.
C. It’s less ppular with yung peple.
D. It causes knee injuries easily.
11. What is authr’s attitude t race walking?
A. Indifferent.B. Dubtful.C. Nervus.D. Objective.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竞走的很多健身的好处和它自己的问题。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第一段中“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem. (研究表明，竞走和跑步有很多健身的好处，但更有可能减少受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题。)”可知，文章介绍了竞走的很多健身的好处和它自己的问题。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Race walkers are cnditined athletes. The lngest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilmetre race walk, which is abut five miles lnger than the marathn. (竞走运动员是有条件的运动员。夏季奥运会上最长的田径项目是50公里竞走，比马拉松比赛长约5英里。)”可知，第2段提到竞走的长度，是为了证明竞走运动员是有条件的运动员。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“But the sprt’s strange frm des place cnsiderable stress n the ankles and hips, s peple with a histry f such injuries might want t be cautius in adpting the sprt. (但这项运动奇怪的形式确实对脚踝和臀部造成了相当大的压力，所以有过这种伤害史的人在参加这项运动时可能要谨慎。)”可知，竞走会对脚踝和臀部造成压力。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shws, while mst likely cntributing t fewer injuries. It des, hwever, have its wn prblem. (研究表明，竞走和跑步有很多健身的好处，但更有可能减少受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题。)”可知，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选D项。
D
Ai-Da sits behind a desk, a paintbrush in her hand. She lks up at the persn psing fr her, and then back dwn as she applies anther drp f paint nt the canvas(画布). A lifelike prtrait is taking shape. If yu didn’t knw a rbt prduced it, this prtrait culd pass as the wrk f a human artist.
Ai-Da prduces prtraits f sitting subjects using a rbtic hand attached t her lifelike figure. She’s als able t talk giving detailed answers t questins abut her artistic prcess and attitudes twards technlgy. She even gave a TEDx talk titled “The Intersectin f Art and AI” in Oxfrd several years ag. Ai-Da’s creatrs have als been experimenting with having her write and perfrm her wn petry.
But hw are we t interpret Ai-Da’s utput? Shuld we cnsider her paintings and petry riginal and creative? Are these wrks actually art?
What discussins abut AI and creativity ften verlk is the fact that creativity isn’t an abslute quality that can be defined, measured and reprduced bjectively. When we describe an bject-fr instance, a child’s drawing—as being creative, we prject ur wn assumptins abut culture nt it. Indeed, art never exists in islatin. It always needs smene t give it “art” status. And the criteria fr whether yu think smething is art are frmed by bth yur expectatins and brader cultural cnceptins.
If we extend this line f thinking t AI, it fllws that n Al applicatin r rbt can bjectively be “creative”. It is always we—humans—that decide whether wrks created by AI are art.
Sme may see rbt-prduced paintings as smething cming frm creative cmputers, while thers may be skeptical, given the fact that rbts act n clear human instructins. In any case, attributin (归属)f creativity never depends n technical arrangement alne—n cmputer is bjectively creative. Rather, the attributin f cmputatinal creativity is largely inspired by cntexts f receptin. Thrugh particular scial infrmatin, sme peple are inspired t think f AI utput as art, systems as artists, and cmputers as creatrs. Therefre, as with any piece f art, yur appreciatin f AI utput ultimately depends n yur wn interpretatin.
12. What can we learn abut Ai-Da?
A. She has a cmplex many-sided persnalityB. She beat thers in the debate n art and AI.
C. She is capable f drawing high-quality prtraits.D. She can write pems withut being prgrammed.
13. What fact d discussins abut AI and creativity ften ignre?
A. That art is cntent-based.B. That art can take many frms.
C. That creativity is clsely related t cultures.D. That creativity is ften measured subjectively.
14. What idea des the authr want t cnvey in the last paragraph?
A. Every cin has tw sides.B. Great minds think alike.
C. Fur eyes see mre than tw.D. Beauty is in the eye f the behlder.
15. What wuld be the best title fr the text?
A. Is AI-created Art Really Art?B. Will Peple Accept AI Artists?
C. Can We Use AI t Create Prtraits?D. D We Need t Imprve AI’s Creativity?
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文主要通过描写Ai-Da机器人创作的作品引出本文的话题机器人创作的作品真的是艺术吗，进而进行讨论。作者的观点是与任何艺术作品一样，对AI输出的欣赏最终取决于自己的解读。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Ai-Da sits behind a desk, a paintbrush in her hand. She lks up at the persn psing fr her, and then back dwn as she applies anther drp f paint nt the canvas(画布). A lifelike prtrait is taking shape. If yu didn’t knw a rbt prduced it, this prtrait culd pass as the wrk f a human artist.(Ai-Da坐在桌子后面，手里拿着画笔。她抬头看着为她摆姿势的人，然后低头往画布上又涂了一滴颜料。一幅栩栩如生的肖像正在成形。如果你不知道这是机器人创作的，这幅肖像可能会被当成是人类艺术家的作品。)”可推断出Ai-Da能够画出高质量的肖像画。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“What discussins abut AI and creativity ften verlk is the fact that creativity isn’t an abslute quality that can be defined, measured and reprduced bjectively. (关于人工智能和创造力的讨论往往忽略了一个事实：创造力并不是一种可以被定义、衡量和客观再现的绝对品质。)”由此可知，创造力通常是主观衡量的。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In any case, attributin (归属)f creativity never depends n technical arrangement alne—n cmputer is bjectively creative. Rather, the attributin f cmputatinal creativity is largely inspired by cntexts f receptin. Thrugh particular scial infrmatin, sme peple are inspired t think f AI utput as art, systems as artists, and cmputers as creatrs. Therefre, as with any piece f art, yur appreciatin f AI utput ultimately depends n yur wn interpretatin.(在任何情况下，创造力的归属从来不仅仅依赖于技术安排——没有一台计算机是客观上有创造力的。更确切地说，计算创造力的归属很大程度上是受到接收环境的启发。通过特定的社会信息，一些人受到启发，认为人工智能输出是艺术，系统是艺术家，计算机是创造者。因此，与任何艺术作品一样，你对AI输出的欣赏最终取决于你自己的解读。)”因此可知作者的观点是对AI输出的欣赏，主要是依靠自己的理解，D选项“情人眼里出西施。”符合这一观点，故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文特别是第三段“But hw are we t interpret Ai-Da’s utput? Shuld we cnsider her paintings and petry riginal and creative? Are these wrks actually art? (但我们该如何解读Ai-Da的作品呢?我们是否应该认为她的绘画和诗歌是原创的?这些作品真的是艺术吗?)”可知本文主要通过描写Ai-Da机器人创作的作品引出本文的话题机器人创作的作品真的是艺术吗，进而进行讨论。故A选项“人工智能创造的艺术真的是艺术吗?”符合本文主旨，适合做标题，故选A。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Benefits f Sprts
Ding sprts is a physical, mental and scial adventure. It’s a great way fr children t take a break frm studies and release extra energy. It als helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sprts have prven beneficial t verall well-being.
The physical benefits f ding sprts are prbably the mst bvius. Regardless f yur fitness level when yu start playing sprts, yu’ll ntice an increase in yur verall fitness nce yu’re invlved. ___16___ Basketball players fcus n strength training; ftball players wrk n speed while track athletes train thrugh lnger runs. The training prcess helps prmte physical fitness and perfrmances in cmpetitins.
___17___ Playing sprts als cntributes t mental health, helping t increase cnfidence and self-wrth. A pat n the back, a high five frm a teammate, r a handshake after a match really bsts a child’s cnfidence. Wrds f praise and encuragement frm the cach, parents and ther players raise self-wrth. ___18___ S after a game, it’s a better idea t ask “Did yu enjy the game?” rather than “Did yu win?”
Children wh participate in sprts might als benefit frm the scial aspect, feeling part f a grup, building up respnsibility and leadership. ___19___ Teamwrk invlves bth being dependable as a teammate and learning t rely n yur teammates t achieve a psitive utcme. Teamwrk breeds respnsibility and challenges yu t be respnsible fr yur actins. Being part f a team gives yu an pprtunity t be a leader.
Discipline is anther scial advantage. Mst rganized sprts require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, yu need t balance studies and athletics. ___20___
There is n shrtage f reasns t find a sprt t get invlved in. Are yu ready t g? Pick ne and get mving!
A. It’s nt just yur bdy that benefits frm sprts.
B. Therefre, playing sprts is ging t make yu mre fit.
C. But remember, a child’s self-wrth shuld nt be distinguished by victry r lss.
D. If yu play grup sprts, yu’ll be part f a team that takes directin frm a cach.
E. Nearly every sprt requires physical activities and the cmpetitive skills.
F. Amng these, learning hw t functin as part f a team is the mst imprtant advantage.
G. Only with strict discipline can yu be successful bth in the classrm and in the sprts field.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。运动是一种身体、心理和社交的冒险。这是孩子们休息一下，释放额外能量的好方法。这也有助于他们过上更充实、更幸福的生活。本文主要介绍了运动对身心的好处。
【16题详解】
根据空后的例证“Basketball players fcus n strength training; ftball players wrk n speed while track athletes train thrugh lnger runs. (篮球运动员注重力量训练；足球运动员提高速度，而田径运动员则进行长跑训练)”可知，下文介绍各种运动对身体技能的要求。E项“Nearly every sprt requires physical activities and the cmpetitive skills. (几乎每一项运动都需要体力活动和具有竞争力的技能)”符合语境，开启下文，E项中的every sprt对应空后列举的几项运动。故选E。
【17题详解】
上一段讲的是运动对身体的好处。根据后句“Playing sprts als cntributes t mental health, helping t increase cnfidence and self-wrth. (运动也有助于心理健康，有助于增强信心和自我价值)”可知，本段讲的是运动对心理的好处。A项“It’s nt just yur bdy that benefits frm sprts. (不仅仅是你的身体从运动中受益)”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Wrds f praise and encuragement frm the cach, parents and ther players raise self-wrth. (教练、父母和其他球员的赞美和鼓励提高了自我价值)”可知，空前说表扬和鼓励会提升自我价值感，空后说的是比赛后不要过度关注输赢。由此推知，空处陈述不要自我价值，并不体现在输赢中。C项“But remember, a child’s self-wrth shuld nt be distinguished by victry r lss. (但是记住，孩子的自我价值不应以胜利或失败来区分)”与空前后意思连贯，句中的self-wrth是前一句中的原词复现，且victry r lss与后一句中的“Did yu win?”呼应。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据前句“Children wh participate in sprts might als benefit frm the scial aspect, feeling part f a grup, building up respnsibility and leadership. (参加体育运动的孩子也可能从社交方面受益，感觉自己是群体的一部分，加强责任感和领导力)”和后句“Teamwrk invlves bth being dependable as a teammate and learning t rely n yur teammates t achieve a psitive utcme. (团队合作包括做一个可靠的队友和学会依靠你的队友来取得积极的结果)”可知，设空处承上启下。F项“Amng these, learning hw t functin as part f a team is the mst imprtant advantage. (其中，学习如何充当团队的一员是最重要的好处)”符合语境，a part f team是关键词。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Discipline is anther scial advantage. Mst rganized sprts require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, yu need t balance studies and athletics. (自律是另一个社会优势。大多数有组织的运动都需要严格的训练和练习时间表。作为一名学生运动员，你需要在学习和运动之间取得平衡)”可知，通过运动的规则，学会遵守纪律也是很重要的，有助于学生取得成功。 G项“Only with strict discipline can yu be successful bth in the classrm and in the sprts field. (只有遵守严格的纪律，你才能在课堂上和运动场上都取得成功)”符合语境，是对前三句内容的总结。故选G。
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 25 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In the secnd year f my high schl, I went abrad t cntinue my educatin. Shrtly after I settled dwn with my hst family, an Italian girl ____21____ t. Since the huse had limited space, we ____22____ tgether. My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment. My rmmate liked t invite friends ver and hld parties, but I preferred ____23____ hme by myself. Then ____24____ started t appear, and I tld myself that I never wanted a rmmate again.
Unfrtunately life quickly ____25____ me when I went t cllege. It required all first-year students t live n ____26____, which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw. Frm that pint n, I began t ____27____. When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness. When she invited me t have lunch, I was cmpletely ____28____. I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt ____29____, even thugh I culd clearly hear my heart beating thrugh my chest. I cnsidered it fr a lng time, and finally, I accepted her _____30_____.
After we _____31_____ tgether fr a few weeks, I gt t knw Lily already wned a small business selling snacks, while I kept _____32_____ t set gals. One night, she asked me what I wanted t d fr my career. I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.” “Dn’t wrry! We will wrk tgether, and I’ll help yu _____33_____ what yu are passinate abut,” she said in a gentle vice. Under her _____34_____, I fund my interest and knew what I wanted t be after graduatin. Thanks t her, I felt having a rmmate culd be s _____35_____.
21. A. ran awayB. sped upC. set ffD. mved in
22. A. layB. ckedC. rmedD. studied
23. A. cmingB. stayingC. leavingD. returning
24. A. resultsB. changesC. cnflictsD. signs
25. A. challengedB. embracedC. ignredD. wke
26. A. streetB. campusC. landD. stage
27. A. wrryB. expectC. cryD. understand
28. A. cnfusedB. disappintedC. interestedD. frightened
29. A. bedB. rmC. chairD. zne
30. A. suggestinB. invitatinC. aplgyD. present
31. A. wrkedB. gatheredC. unitedD. lived
32. A. waitingB. planningC. strugglingD. wanting
33. A. enjyB. findC. addressD. slve
34. A. influenceB. cntrlC. leadershipD. prtectin
35. A. successfulB. secureC. inspiringD. stressful
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者刚开始不喜欢和别人一起住，后来上大学时按照学校要求作者不得不和别人一起住，作者起初很紧张，后来在室友莉莉的帮助下，作者认识到有个室友是那么地鼓舞人心。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在寄宿家庭安顿下来后不久，一个意大利女孩也搬了进来。A. ran away逃跑；B. sped up加速；C. set ff出发；D. mved in搬进。根据下文“Since the huse had limited space, we ____2____ tgether. My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment.”可知，一个意大利女孩也搬进了这个寄宿家庭。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为房子空间有限，我们就住在一起。A. lay铺设；B. cked烹饪；C. rmed合住；D. studied研究。根据下文“My negative view n rmmates started frm that mment.”可知，我们住在一起了。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的室友喜欢邀请朋友来家里聚会，但我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。A. cming来；B. staying停留；C. leaving离开；D. returning返回。根据下文“hme by myself”及语境可知，我更喜欢一个人呆在家里。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后矛盾开始出现，我告诉自己我再也不要室友了。A. results结果；B. changes变更；C. cnflicts矛盾；D. signs标志。根据上文“My rmmate liked t invite friends ver and hld parties, but I preferred ____3____ hme by myself.”可知，我们观念不同，所以出现了矛盾。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，当我上大学时，生活很快向我提出了挑战。A. challenged挑战；B. embraced拥抱；C. ignred忽略；D. wke醒来。根据上文“Then ____4____ started t appear, and I tld myself that I never wanted a rmmate again.”及下文“It required all first-year students t live n ____6____, which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw.”可知，我想要室友，但是大学要求住宿，所以这对我提出了挑战。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它要求所有的一年级学生都住在校园里，这意味着我必须和一个我不认识的人住在一起。A. street街；B. campus校园；C. land土地；D. stage阶段。根据下文“which meant I had t live with smene I didn’t knw.”可知，学校要求一年级学生都要在校园里住宿。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那一刻起，我开始担心起来。A. wrry担心；B. expect预期；C. cry哭泣；D. understand理解。根据下文“When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness.”可知，我很紧张，所以我很担心自己未来的住宿生活。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她邀请我共进午餐时，我完全吓坏了。A. cnfused困惑的；B. disappinted失望的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt ____9____, even thugh I culd clearly hear my heart beating thrugh my chest.”可知，当时我很紧张，非常害怕。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区，尽管我可以清楚地听到我的心跳穿过我的胸膛。A. bed床；B. rm房间；C. chair椅子；D. zne区域。根据上文“I tld myself that I shuld step ut f my cmfrt”及常识可知，我告诉自己，我应该走出我的舒适区。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我考虑了很久，最后，我接受了她的邀请。A. suggestin建议；B. invitatin邀请；C. aplgy道歉；D. present礼物。根据上文“When she invited me t have lunch, I was cmpletely ____8____.”可知，我的室友邀请我共进午餐，经过长时间的考虑，最后，我接受了她的邀请。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. wrked工作；B. gathered聚集；C. united联合；D. lived居住。根据上文“When I talked t my future rmmate Lily fr the very first time, I tried my best t smile and nd t hide my nervusness.”可知，我和莉莉是室友，我们住在一起。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在一起住了几个星期后，我知道莉莉已经有了一家卖零食的小公司，而我一直在努力设定目标。A. waiting等待；B. planning计划；C. struggling努力；D. wanting想要。根据下文“One night, she asked me what I wanted t d fr my career. I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.””可知，我还没有自己的目标，所以我一直在努力设定目标。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别担心！我们会一起努力，我会帮你找到你的激情所在，”她温柔地说。A. enjy享受；B. find找到；C. address演讲；D. slve解决。根据上文“I lked int her eyes fr a lng time, and then said, “I dn’t knw.””及下文“what yu are passinate abut”可知，我不知道自己的目标，所以莉莉在帮助我找我的激情所在。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的影响下，我找到了自己的兴趣，也知道自己毕业后想做什么。A. influence影响；B. cntrl控制；C. leadership领导力；D. prtectin保护。根据语境可知，此处指在莉莉的帮助下，我找到自己的兴趣。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏了她，我才觉得有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心。A. successful成功的；B. secure安全的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. stressful有压力的。根据上文“Thanks t her”可知，此处在表达感激之情，“有个室友可以如此鼓舞人心”符合语境。故选C。
第二节（共 10 小题；每题 1 分，共 10 分）
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The wrld-famus art museum Musée d’Orsay___36___ (huse) sme f the best-knwn Impressinist ___37___ (paint) f the 19th century. When I ___38___ (wander) there and laid eyes n the masterpieces, mstly I___39___ (strike) by the wrks f the tw Impressinists Claude Mnet and Pierre·Auguste Renir. Mnet, ___40___ wrks were greatly inspired by nature, brught the same water lily pnd’s beauty t the canvas in___41___ unique way, using different clrs and styles. Renir preferred t paint scenes f everyday life with little clear detail. All in all, Impressinists fcused ___42___ everyday subject matter, ___43___ (emply) free brushwrk and clrs t create far ___44___ (little) realistic wrks. Impressinism has had a ___45___ (last) influence n bth the Pst-Impressinists and mdern art.
【答案】36 huses
37. paintings
38. wandered
39. was struck
40. whse 41. a
42. n 43. emplying
44. less 45. lasting
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者对世界著名的艺术博物馆Musée d’Orsay收藏的一些19世纪最著名的印象派绘画的感受。
【36题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：世界著名的艺术博物馆Musée d’Orsay收藏了一些19世纪最著名的印象派画作。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语the wrld-famus art museum（世界著名博物馆）为单数形式，与huse（收藏）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且该句陈述一般事实，因此需使用其一般现在时的单数形式。故填huses。
【37题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：世界著名的艺术博物馆Musée d’Orsay收藏了一些19世纪最著名的印象派画作。分析句子结构可知，sme（一些）后接可数名词复数形式，根据语境可知，该句表示“一些画作”，应使用painting（绘画；画作）的复数形式。故填paintings。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：当我漫步在那里，欣赏这些杰作时，最让我印象深刻的是两位印象派画家克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿的作品。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语I与wander（漫步）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且根据laid可知，该句陈述过去事实，空处应使用一般过去式形式。故填wandered。
【39题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：当我漫步在那里，欣赏这些杰作时，最让我印象深刻的是两位印象派画家克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿的作品。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语I与strike（冲击）之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且根据陈述过去事实，因此需使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was struck。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：莫奈的作品深受大自然的启发，他用不同的色彩和风格，以独特的方式将同样的睡莲池之美带到画布上。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作定语，因此可使用关系代词whse引导定语从句。故填whse。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：莫奈的作品深受大自然的启发，他用不同的色彩和风格，以独特的方式将同样的睡莲池之美带到画布上。分析句子结构可知，空处泛指“一种独特的方式”，且unique（独特的）是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此可使用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：总而言之，印象派专注于日常主题，使用自由的笔法和色彩来创作远不现实的作品。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语fcus n，意为“关注；专注于”。故填n。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：总而言之，印象派专注于日常主题，使用自由的笔法和色彩来创作远不现实的作品。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语fcus（关注），空处应在句中作非谓语形式作状语，主语impressinists与emply之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用其现在分词形式表主动。故填emplying。
【44题详解】
考查比较级。句意：总而言之，印象派专注于日常主题，使用自由的笔法和色彩来创作远不现实的作品。分析句子结构可知，副词far（非常）后接比较级，且此处表示“远不现实的”，空处应使用little的比较级形式。故填less。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：印象派对后印象派和现代艺术都产生了持久的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处需使用形容词lasting（持久的）在句中作定语修饰名词influence（影响）。故填lasting。
【点睛】
第三部分 读后续写（满分 25 分）
46. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Mai Lin wasn’t ding well enugh at schl, r at least she wasn’t satisfied with herself. She wished she culd d better.
“Let’s review the material we learned in the last unit,” the histry teacher said. “Wh can tell us what caused the War f 1812?” Mai Lin sat at her desk, staring ahead. She hped the teacher wuldn’t call her name. They hadn’t studied the War f 1812 at her ld schl and she didn’t knw the answer.
“Alisn?” the teacher asked instead. Oh, perfect, Mai Lin thught. Of curse Alisn wuld have the answer. She seemed t have all the answers. Alisn was the mst ppular girl in schl – always surrunded by millins f byfriends, best friends, and thers. She was like a brilliant sun.
Mai Lin hadn’t made ne r tw friends f her wn s far. Her ld schl was small and lw-key, but a shy persn like Mai Lin had a chance there. This new schl, hwever, seemed as big as an airprt t Mai Lin, and it seemed very hard t get arund in it. She still gt lst smetimes in the schl.
Mai Lin frwned (皱眉) as Alisn answered the teacher’s questin. Alisn prbably never gt lst, Mai Lin thught t herself. Yu culd prbably put Alisn dwn in the middle f a desert, and within five minutes she’d be able t tell yu the best way t get hme.
Histry class finally ended, and Mai Lin headed fr the gym. The class had been playing basketball. Alisn, wh was as tall and thin and attractive as a tree, was very gd at it. Beside her, Mai Lin felt like a very small and flish ant. Tday, hwever, the gym teacher pinted t a thick rpe hanging frm the ceiling and said, “Everybdy! Yu’re ging t climb this rpe tday.”
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing the teacher’s wrds, Mai Lin smiled.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mai Lin stepped frward and gt clse t the rpe.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1:
Hearing the teacher’s wrds, Mai Lin smiled. She knew what was cming. They’d dne lts f physical fitness training at her ld schl and she was quite gd at rpe climbing. “Wh’s first?” the teacher asked. “Alisn?” T Mai Lin’s surprise, Alisn turned as pale as the mn and shk her head. “She’s scared,” Mai Lin thught. “Perfect Alisn was scared.” Suddenly Mai Lin heard her wn vice saying, “I’ll d it.” Alisn lked up at Mai Lin in great surprise, and all the ther classmates seemed surprised, t. The teacher ndded and tld Mai Lin t climb.
Paragraph 2:
Mai Lin stepped frward and gt clse t the rpe. She appeared calm but was extremely excited. She climbed the rpe very fast and reached the ceiling within what seemed a few secnds, effrtlessly. As she reached the tp, she glanced dwn at her fellw students belw. Nw it was Alisn wh appeared like a small ant. She saw Alisn lking up, eyes wide with admiratin. Mai Lin clung t the tp f the rpe fr a mment lnger and then headed dwn t jin the class. Once she gt n the grund, everybdy cheered. Mai Lin knew she wuld be different frm that day n.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了麦琳从一个不起眼的小学校转到一所新的很大的学校，看到优秀同学艾莉森的表现后，感到不自信。一天，体育课上老师要求大家攀爬绳子。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听到老师的话，麦琳笑了。”可知，第一段可描写麦琳找到了自己擅长的项目并勇敢表现自己。
②由第二段首句内容“麦琳向前迈了一步，靠近了绳子。”可知，第二段可描写成功爬上绳子后，麦琳找回了自信。
2.续写线索：艾莉森感到害怕——麦琳毛遂自荐——成功爬上绳子——麦琳找回自信
3.词汇激活
行为类
①攀登：climb/scale
②向前走：step frward/walk frward
③紧握不放：cling t/hld nt/grasp
情绪类
①害怕的：scared/frightened
②吃惊的：surprised/shcked
【点睛】[高分句型1] She knew what was cming.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] As she reached the tp, she glanced dwn at her fellw students belw.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
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