高中英语Unit 3 Diverse Cultures教案

这是一份高中英语Unit 3 Diverse Cultures教案，共6页。教案主要包含了基础点拨等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Perid 3 Discvering Useful Structures
该板块的活动主题是“理解英语中省略的用法”(Understand the use f the ellipsis in English)。与汉语一样,英语中的省略也较为常见。省略是一种避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的语法手段。一般来说,只要不损害结构或引起歧义,能省略的地方就可以省略。省略可使语言更加简洁,意思更加明确,句子结构更加紧凑。本部分通过不同层次的语言学习活动,帮助学生体会使用省略的效果。
1. Ask students t analyze the mitted wrds in the sentence with the cntext, and understand the rle f ellipsis;
2. Help students recver the mitted parts f sentences accrding t the cntext r situatin, and realize the effect f missin;
3. Instruct students t summarize cmmn missins and understand the rle f missins.
Imprtance:
1. Guide students t summarize cmmn missins and understand the rle f missins;
2. Help students recver the mitted parts f sentences accrding t the cntext r situatin, and realize the effect f missin;
Difficulties:
Recver the mitted parts f a sentence accrding t the cntext r situatin
1. Review ellipsis befre class and pint ut its functin;
2. Master the usage f ellipsis and perceive the new ellipsis by cmbining with the relevant exercises f guiding cases.
Step 1 Revisin
1.Present the fllwing dialgue t the students and guide them t understand the use f ellipsis by asking questins:
Where is ellipsis used in the dialgue?What's missing?
( 1)A: I’m hungry
B: Are yu (hungry)?
A: Yeah.(I) Didn't have lunch tday.
B:(D yu) Want sme sandwiches?
A: Are there any?
B: Yeah. (I’ve) Just made sme.
(2)A:(It) Lks like rain
B: Oh, I hpe (it des) nt(rain).
A: Why (d yu hpe it desn't rain)?
B: We have a sccer game tday, (d yu) remember?
A: D we (have a sccer game tday )? Where (will it be)?
B: (It will be) In the bigger playgrund
Step 2 Learning new grammar
Activity 1
1. Ask students t find the sentences in activity 1 in this unit and discuss the fllwing questins in pairs:
①Why use ellipsis in sentences?(clear meaning in the cntext, avid repetitin, make the structure mre cmpact, make the fcus mre prminent)
②What sentence elements are mitted?(subject, predicate, bject)
2. Ss read the dialgue and find ut where ellipsis is used in the dialgue and what is missing.Then check their answers with class.
1) (They are) Mexican crn chips cvered in cheese! (I lve nachs), t.
2)…,(and they are) all in ne dishes? Exactly,(it’s the fd f many different cultures,and they are all in ne dishes.)
3) (There is) a real mix f cultures here!
4) (I) can’t wait (t g there)!
Step 3 Practice
Activity 2
Ask students t cmplete activity 2. Hw t make a sentence by mitting the unnecessary parts f the sentence and cmparing with the riginal sentence.
The child becmes cncise.The teacher guides the students t summarize the different situatins f using ellipsis in these sentences and pays attentin t the key chesin in the sentences.
The first sentence is simple, the secnd, fifth and sixth are cmpund (but, and), and the third and furth are cmpund (if necessary, as sn as pssible, than).If + pssible/necessary "and" as sn/fast/early/easy.+ as pssible ".
(Check their answers with class.)
Step 4 Summarizing
Guide the students t summarize the usage f ellipsis.
一、基础点拨
为了避免重复或为了使句子更简练，在一些句子中常常省去某一个或某几个成分，这种语法现象在英语中叫作省略。
在英语句子中，常见的省略情况有以下几种：
(一)简单句中的省略
1．省略主语和谓语。
—Hell！Is Jack in？“你好！杰克在吗？”
—(This is)Jack speaking.“我就是。”
2．There be句型的省略。
(Is there)Anything wrng?
发生了什么事吗？
3．感叹句根据上下文的省略。
What a (gd) by (he is)!
多好的男孩呀！
4．名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物时可省略名词。
I g t the supermarket instead f the butcher's(shp) t buy meat.我去超市而不是去肉铺买肉。
5．介词的省略。
可以省略介词in的几个固定词组，如spend time(in)ding sth.，have a hard time (in) ding sth.，waste time(in)ding sth.等。
He seldm spends his spare time (in) studying.
他空余时间很少学习。
(二)并列句中的省略
1．省略共同的主语或宾语。
Tm picked up the bk frm the flr and(Tm)handed it t his brther.
汤姆从地板上捡起书并把它递给了他的哥哥。
2．若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主语和谓语。
His perfrmance made us amused，but(his perfrmance made)himself tired.
他的表演让我们高兴，但是使他自己很累。
3．若主语不同而谓语的助动词、情态动词相同，则省略后面的助动词或情态动词。
Xiaming must have been playing ftball at that time，and his sister(must have been)playing the pian.
那时小明一定在踢足球，而他妹妹一定在弹钢琴。
(三)复合句中的省略
1．状语从句的省略。
(1)在when，while，whenever，till，as sn as，if，unless，as if，thugh等引导的状语从句中，若谓语含有be，而从句的主语与主句的主语相同或是it时，则从句的主语和be常被省略。
He will nt attend the party unless(he is)invited.
除非被邀请，否则他不会参加这个宴会。
If(it is)cnvenient，please call me and have a chat with me.
如果方便的话，给我打电话聊天。
(2)虚拟条件句中若含有助动词were，had，shuld常省略if，将助动词were，had，shuld提前构成部分倒装。
Were I yu(＝If I were yu)，I will accept the chance t wrk in that cmpany.
如果我是你，我会接受在那个公司工作的机会。
2．宾语从句中的省略。
(1)由特殊疑问词which，when，where及why引导的宾语从句，若从句中所表达的内容与主句内容重复，可将其省略，仅保留疑问词。
He was late fr wrk again，and n ne knew why(he was late fr wrk again)．
他又一次上班迟到了，没人知道为什么。
(2)that引导的宾语从句作动词的宾语时，可省略引导词that；若两个或两个以上的that引导的宾语从句作动词的宾语，只能省略第一个引导词that。
Je said(that)he wuld cme and that he wuld arrive at 5：00 p．m.
乔说过他要来，下午5点会到。
(3)在与suggest，request，rder，advise等词有关的名词性从句中，从句谓语动词应用虚拟语气形式，即“shuld＋动词原形”，shuld可以省略。
I suggested that we (shuld) hld a meeting tnight.
我提议我们今晚开个会。
(4)在I'm afraid，I think，I believe，I hpe，I guess等作答句时，其后常跟省略形式。s表示赞同前述的事实，nt表示不赞同前述的事实。
—We will have t wrk extra hurs t finish the wrk.
“我们将不得不加班来完成这份工作。”
—I'm afraid s(＝we will have t wrk extra hurs t finish the wrk)．“恐怕是这样。”
3．定语从句的省略。
(1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whm，which，that可省略。
He handed the bk(that/which)he bught yesterday t me.
他把昨天买的那本书递给了我。
(2)way作先行词，且定语从句中缺少方式状语，此时引导从句的关系词可省略。
We dn't like the way (in which/that)he treats his mther.
我们不喜欢他对待妈妈的方式。
(3)在以the 与such as引导的某些定语从句中，也可省略与主句相同的部分。
The price is the same as(the price was)befre the war.
价格与战前相同。
(4)定语从句中的“关系代词＋助动词be”可以省略。
The ticket(that/which was)bked by his sister has been sent t him.
他妹妹订的那张票已送到了他那里。
Step 5 Practice
Activity 3
(1) Guide students t cmplete the fur activities in the Using Structures part f exercise bk, in which activities 1 and 2 fcus n ellipsis in dialgue answers, activity 3 fcus n signs and headlines, tw typical situatins where ellipsis is used, and activity 4 fcus n ellipsis in diary, an infrmal style.
(2) Cmbine the examples in the abve activities, ask students t summarize the mitted situatins in grups, and make their wn summary int a pster, and pst it n the class wall after class t share with the class.(This step shuld give full play t the subjectivity f students, and teachers shuld encurage students t cnclude different ellipsis phenmena accrding t their wn understanding, they can cnclude accrding t the different parts mitted in the sentence.)
Step 6 Hmewrk
1. Understand and master the usages f ellipsis;
2. Finish the ther exercises in Using structures f Wrkbk.
通过本节内容学习，学生是否理解和掌握省略的用法；
通过本节内容学习，学生能否根据上下文语境或情景恢复句子中省略的成分，体会使用省略的效果；
通过本节内容学习，学生能否独立完成练习册和导学案中的相关练习。