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四川省绵竹中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月考试暨德阳一诊模拟考试英语试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份四川省绵竹中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月考试暨德阳一诊模拟考试英语试题（Word版附解析），文件包含四川省绵竹中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月考试暨德阳一诊模拟考试英语试题原卷版docx、四川省绵竹中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月考试暨德阳一诊模拟考试英语试题Word版含解析docx、1mp3、10mp3、2mp3、3mp3、4mp3、5mp3、6mp3、7mp3、8mp3、9mp3等12份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共38页， 欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Wh is having a hliday abrad?
A. David.B. Mike.C. Jhn.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: David has just phned me and said that he culdn’t attend the party. He isn’t feeling very well nw.
W: S, we’ll have three peple absent. Jhn is traveling with his parents abrad and Mike has t stay late at the ffice.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What time des the next plane t Lndn leave?
A. At 10:00.B. At 11:00.C. At 12:00.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me. What time des the next plane t Lndn take ff?
W: The next ne is Flight 12 at eleven, gate 10.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is Mr. Thmas’s life like nw?
A. Wrse than befre.B. Happier than befre.C. As gd as befre.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Lk! Mrs. Thmas was such a beauty when she was yung.
W: But Mr. Thmas is shrt and ugly. Why d yu think Mrs. Thmas wuld marry him?
M: He is certainly very pr nw, but he was a rich man befre, and they nce had a happy time.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why wn’t the man g t the mvies with Helen?
A. She is nt in the md.
B. She likes talking during a mvie.
C. She desn’t want t g ut with him.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve decided t g t the cinema alne this evening.
W: What has caused yu t make such a decisin? Didn’t yu use t g with Helen?
M: Helen is nice but she talks a lt.
W: Oh. That’s really annying when yu are seeing a film.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man trying t d?
A. Deliver sme bad news.B. Find a new psitin.C. Make a speech.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m very srry. I’m nt in the psitin t tell yu this but I’m certainly very wrried.
W: Dn’t make a big speech abut hw srry yu are. Just give it t me straight.
M: We have t lay ff (解雇) sme wrkers and yu’re ne f them.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Hw des the man sund at first?
A. Rather surprised.B. Very calm.C. A little angry.
7. Where are the files?
A. On the man’s desk.
B. Next t the fax machine.
C. On the cmputer desk.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hw many times have I tld yu nt t take files hme with yu?
W: I didn’t, Jhn. I left them just where yu tld me and…
M: But they are nt here n this cmputer desk. Where have they gne? They can’t have gt up and walked away.
W: Wait a minute. Sally was still here when I left. Yu knw, she is always tidying things away. Right, just as I thught, she put them here beside this fax machine.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What d Iranians care mst abut the tea?
A. The clr.B. The tea set.C. The quality.
9. What is special abut tea shps in Iran?
A. There are n tea cups.B. There are n chairs.C. There are n waiters.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: S, I heard that Iran is very famus fr its cffee.
M: Well, nt cffee actually, the tea.
W: The tea? What is special abut it?
M: Well, we are very much picky (挑剔的) abut the clr f the tea. Everybdy rders differently. Sme peple want clred strng tea. Sme peple dn’t want it that strng.
W: S, I guess yu’ve gt a lt f tea shps.
M: Yeah, yeah, we have traditinal nes, which are very interesting fr the turists I believe. Yu g in and yu sit dwn, n chairs there, and it’s actually cushins just behind yu, s yu can lie n these cushins.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Why did the man g t the Philippines?
A. Fr a trip.B. Fr further studies.C. Fr vlunteer wrk.
11. Wh helped the man with the prject?
A. The lcal students.
B. The lcal gvernment.
C. The lcal businessmen.
12 What’s the aim f the prject?
A. T explre an island.
B. T help the pr students.
C. T prtect the envirnment.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Where exactly did yu g in the Philippines?
M: I was in Dava City. The vlunteer rganizatin has an ffice and sme student drms there.
W: Can yu talk abut the rganizatin?
M: Sure. The rganizatin is called the Student Vlunteer Organizatin. They rganize trips fr university students t g abrad and d vlunteer wrk — yu knw, ding things that help the cuntry and the peple. Fr example, ne prject, we planted trees in an area f the island where a lt f trees had been cut dwn years ag. We gt lcal elementary schl students t help us because the gal f the prject was t teach yung peple abut the envirnment.
W: That’s great S yu decided t g because the envirnment is imprtant t yu?
M: Yes, I think it’s everyne’s respnsibility t help prtect the envirnment.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the man?
A. A dctr.B. A hst.C. A teacher.
14. Wh used t be a dctr?
A. Cassie’s friend.
B. Cassie’s mther.
C. Cassie’s friend’s mther.
15. Hw lng did it take Cassie t becme a qualified dctr?
A. One year.B. Fur years.C. Five years.
16. What des Cassie say abut her jb?
A. She gets bred with it.
B. She enjys it in general.
C. She always wrks vertime.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hell and welcme t tday’s Career Tmrrw. Tday we are ging t lk at anther kind f jb — dctrs. We have with us Dr. Cassie Brwn, wh is a dctr at the Ryal Lndn Hspital. Hell, Cassie, hw did yu first becme interested in medicine?
W: Well, I had a friend whse mther was a dctr, and I thught her jb might be interesting.
M: S hw did yu find ut mre abut the jb?
W: Well, I became a vlunteer in a hspital and wrked fr a dctr. I sn realized that this career was the right ne fr me.
M: S what did yu need t study at university?
W: I studied Healing Science, and then I received a master’s degree.
M: Hw lng did it take yu t becme a qualified dctr?
W: Once I had finished my degree, I had t wrk fr ne year befre I became qualified, s it tk me five years.
M: Hw many hurs d yu wrk every day?
W: Well, I wrk at nrmal hurs — nine t five.
M: What d yu like mst abut yur jb?
W: It’s never bring. In fact, I feel srry when I have t have a day ff!
M: It sunds like the perfect jb! Thanks fr speaking with us, Cassie.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the weather like tday?
A. Rainy.B. Snwy.C. Sunny.
18. When shuld the listeners get up tmrrw?
A. At 5:30.B. At 6:00.C. At 6:30.
19. What des the speaker advise the listeners NOT t take?
A. Whistles.B. Maps.C. Cameras.
20. What are the listeners ging t d mst prbably?
A. G surfing.B. G hiking.C. G bating.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Is everybdy here? Gd. Nw listen t me carefully. I hpe yu’ve all had a gd day tday. It’s very unusual t have s much snw here at this time f year. Sme f yu were asking abut tmrrw. Well, we’re ging unless the snw gets much heavier during the night. I’ll see yu back here at six ’clck. Set yur alarms fr 5:30 and wash up yurselves in thirty minutes. Be here tmrrw mrning with everything yu need. Yu’ve all gt a list — yu need a whistle in case yu get separated frm the rest f the grup, warm clthes and glves. A gd pair f bts is imprtant fr yu because we will spend at least six hurs n walking. Dn’t frget the maps I gave yu. I suggest yu nt bring cameras and vide cameras. Yu all lk rather wrried. There’s really n need. As lng as we all stay tgether, we’ll have a great time. OK, it’s time we had dinner nw, s if anyne has any questins, ask me n the way t the dining hall. Let’s g.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Yung Writers Awards
Abut the Cntest
Benningtn Cllege has a unique literary traditin. We’ve had twelve Pulitzer Prize winners, three US pet laureates, fur MacArthur Geniuses, and tw f Time magazine’s 100 mst influential peple. In celebratin f this, Benningtn launched the Yung Writers Awards t prmte excellence in writing at the high schl level. Students are invited t enter with the fllwing wrk:
•Petry: A grup f three pems
•Fictin: A shrt stry (1,500 wrds r fewer) r ne-act play
•Nnfictin: A persnal r academic essay (1,500 wrds r fewer)
A first-, secnd-, and third-place winner is selected in each categry. We welcme participatin f bth US and internatinal students.
Awards & Rules
First-place winners in each categry are awarded a prize f $1,000; secnd-place winners receive $500; third-place winners receive $250.
•N charge fr entrance. Fees fr accidents caused by participants are required.
•All entries must be riginal wrk reviewed, apprved and guided by a teacher. We will use yur teacher as a cntact fr the cmpetitin shuld we have any questins. Fr hmeschled students, please cntact ne t assist in yur writing even if yu have experience in such cmpetitins.
Yung Writers Awards finalists and winners are als qualified fr undergraduate schlarships at Benningtn. Yung Writers Awards finalists wh apply and gain admissin t Benningtn will receive a $10,000 schlarship every year fr fur years, fr a ttal f $40,000. Yung Writers Awards winners reaching the standard will receive $15,000 every year, fr a ttal f $60,000.
21. What can be learned abut the Yung Writers Awards?
A. It rewards three winners at last.
B. It’s a traditin f Benningtn Cllege.
C. It accepts participants wrldwide.
D. It ffers schlarships t undergraduates.
22. What are the participants asked t d?
A. Hand in a persnal essay.B. Have related writing experience.
C. Pay an entry fee n time.D. Find a teacher t help with the entry.
23. Hw much will the secnd-place winner t be admitted int Benningtn gain in ttal?
A. $10,500.B. $15,500.
C. $40,500.D. $60,500.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了本宁顿学院举办的一项面向全球各地的高中生的写作比赛。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Abut the Cntest部分最后一句“We welcme participatin f bth US and internatinal students.(我们欢迎美国学生和国际学生的参与。)”可知，该比赛欢迎所有美国和国际学生。由此可推知，Yung Writers Awards接受世界各地的参赛者。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Awards & Rules部分的“All entries must be riginal wrk reviewed, apprved and guided by a teacher.(所有参赛作品必须是由老师审阅、批准和指导的原创作品。)”和“please cntact ne t assist in yur writing even if yu have experience in such cmpetitins(即使你有参加这类比赛的经验，也请联系一个协助你写作的人)”可知，参赛者需要找到一位老师指导自己的参赛作品。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Awards & Rules部分的“secnd-place winners receive $500(第二名将获得500美元)”和“Yung Writers Awards winners reaching the standard will receive $15,000 every year, fr a ttal f $60,000(达到标准的青年作家奖获奖者每年将获得1.5万美元，总共6万美元)”可知，二等奖获得者会得到500美元的奖励，在申请并被本宁顿学院录取后会获得60000美元的奖学金，故一共会获得60500美元。故选D项。
B
In the digital age, pprtunities are arising fr everyne. Hwever, nly thse putting plans int actin can stay ahead. Alexandr Wang is ne such example.
Ls Alams Natinal Labratry was where Alexandr spent his childhd. Bth his parents were physicists there. Alexandr, frm a yung age, had a sharp mind. As a kid, he was regarded as a math wizard (奇才) and cmpeted in natinal math and cmputer cmpetitins. Finishing high schl, Alexandr entered MIT where machine learning and AI amazed him. He saw the ptential (潜力) f AI, and was excited abut hw it culd change the wrld. But it wasn’t making a real impact. His ambitin t set up a cmpany in that field was seeded then.
At 17, he gt the rle f tech lead at Qura and drpped ut f MIT. “I tld my parents it was just ging t be a thing I did fr the summer. Obviusly, it wasn’t,” Alexandr said. Surely, his parents were disappinted. They all knew he made that change filled with unexpected risks. But Alexandr said, “If yu aren’t willing t take a risk nw, then when?” Alexandr met Lucy Gu at Qura, with whm Alexandr funded Scale AI, which turned ut t be a cnsiderable success.
In fact, at that time, there were varius pprtunities in the tech wrld. It was hard t decide which rad they shuld g dwn. Then he and his team decided t take a different apprach — instead f fllwing diverse paths, they agreed t fcus n ne. They went with “imagery, cmputer visin and ther kinds f sensr data”. And that is what made the cmpany’s prfits rise quickly. Scale AI has a net wrth f abut $7.3 billin at present, with Alexandr being the wrld’s yungest self-made billinaire.
When asked lessns he’d like t share with funders, Alexandr stated there are a number f things. “The tp ne is always ding things that g with yur values and hw yu want t build a cmpany at the beginning. When yu talk t investrs (投资者), they’ll cntribute advice that may g against yur gal. Figure ut yur fcus and what gets yu started.”
24. What inspired Alexandr t build Scale AI?
A. The wrk at Qura.B. His experiences at university.
C. The influence f his parents.D. His talent fr math and cmputer.
25. What is mainly talked abut in paragraph 4?
A. The key t the success f Scale AI.B. Challenges f Alexandr’s career.
C. Alexandr’s great achievements.D. The prcess f funding Scale AI.
26. What did Alexandr advise funders t d?
A Stick t ne particular directin.B. Keep an pen mind n suggestins.
C. Remain true t the riginal intentin.D. Find a friend t start a cmpany.
27. Which f the fllwing can best describe Alexandr?
A. Clever and generus.B. Curageus and utging.
C. Ambitius and sciable.D. Adventurus and determined.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Alexandr Wang自幼被认为是一个数学奇才，高中毕业后他进入麻省理工学院，在那里，机器学习和人工智能吸引了他。后来为了追求自己的志向，他毅然辍学白手起家，和Lucy Gu一起创建了公司Scale AI，成为全球最年轻的亿万富翁。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Finishing high schl, Alexandr entered MIT where machine learning and AI amazed him. He saw the ptential (潜力) f AI, and was excited abut hw it culd change the wrld. But it wasn’t making a real impact. His ambitin t set up a cmpany in that field was seeded then.(高中毕业后，亚历山大进入麻省理工学院学习机器学习和人工智能。他看到了人工智能的潜力，并对它如何改变世界感到兴奋。但这并没有产生真正的影响。他想在那个领域开一家公司的野心从那时就开始萌芽了)”可知，在大学的经历激发了Alexandr创建Scale AI。故选B。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“In fact, at that time, there were varius pprtunities in the tech wrld. It was hard t decide which rad they shuld g dwn. Then he and his team decided t take a different apprach — instead f fllwing diverse paths, they agreed t fcus n ne. They went with “imagery, cmputer visin and ther kinds f sensr data”. And that is what made the cmpany’s prfits rise quickly. Scale AI has a net wrth f abut $7.3 billin at present, with Alexandr being the wrld’s yungest self-made billinaire.(事实上，在那个时候，科技领域有各种各样的机会。很难决定他们该走哪条路。然后，他和他的团队决定采取不同的方法——他们同意专注于一条，而不是遵循不同的路径。他们使用了“图像、计算机视觉和其他类型的传感器数据”。这就是公司利润快速增长的原因。Scale AI目前的净资产约为73亿美元，亚历山大是世界上最年轻的白手起家的亿万富翁)”可知，第四段主要介绍了Scale AI成功的关键。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The tp ne is always ding things that g with yur values and hw yu want t build a cmpany at the beginning. When yu talk t investrs (投资者), they’ll cntribute advice that may g against yur gal. Figure ut yur fcus and what gets yu started.(最重要的是，一开始总是按照你的价值观和你想要的方式去做事情。当你与投资者交谈时，他们提供的建议可能与你的目标背道而驰。弄清楚你的重点和你的出发点)”可推知，亚历山大建议创业者忠于最初的意图。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“At 17, he gt the rle f tech lead at Qura and drpped ut f MIT. “I tld my parents it was just ging t be a thing I did fr the summer. Obviusly, it wasn’t,” Alexandr said. Surely, his parents were disappinted. They all knew he made that change filled with unexpected risks. But Alexandr said, “If yu aren’t willing t take a risk nw, then when?” Alexandr met Lucy Gu at Qura, with whm Alexandr funded Scale AI, which turned ut t be a cnsiderable success.(17岁时，他在Qura担任技术主管，并从麻省理工学院退学。“我告诉我的父母，这只是我暑假要做的一件事。显然，它不是，”亚历山大说。当然，他的父母很失望。他们都知道他做出的改变充满了意想不到的风险。但亚历山大说:“如果你现在不愿意冒险，那什么时候呢？”亚历山大在Qura遇到了露西·郭，亚历山大和她一起创立了Scale AI，并取得了相当大的成功)”可推断，Alexandr创立一家人工智能公司的决心非常坚定；根据第四段中的“Then he and his team decided t take a different apprach — instead f fllwing diverse paths, they agreed t fcus n ne.(然后，他和他的团队决定采取不同的方法——他们同意专注于一条，而不是遵循不同的路径)”可知，Alexandr敢于冒险、勇于尝试。由此推知，他是意志坚定且敢于冒险的。故选D。
C
When yu praise a dg, it’s listening t nt just the wrds yu say but als hw yu say them. That might nt be huge news t dg wners. But nw researchers have explred this phenmenn by using an imaging machine t lk inside the brains f 13 dgs as they listened t their wners’ vice.
The reward pathway in the dgs’ brains lit up when they heard bth praising wrds and an apprving intnatin (语调)—but nt when they heard randm (随机的) wrds spken in a praising tne r praising wrds spken in a flat tne, accrding t the researchers.
“Dgs deal with bth what we say and hw we say it in a way which is amazingly similar t hw humans d it,” says Attila Andics, a neurscientist in Hungary. When dgs hear speech, he explains, they seem t separate the meaning f wrds frm the intnatin. Then the left hemisphere (半球) f the brain deals with meaning, while intnatin is dealt with in the right hemisphere.
All the dgs in the study were willing vlunteers and were trained nt t mve in the scanner (扫描器). The dgs culd get up and leave the machine whenever they wanted. But it was clear t the dgs that their human cmpanins lved it when they did this very easy task. “They were really happy t take part,” says Andics. “The difficulty f the training was that they can’t mve mre than 3 millimeters in any directin, therwise we will have t thrw ut all f the data.”
He says mst dg wners have experimented with trying t “trick” their dgs by saying nnsense wrds in a cheerful, happy tne f vice. “I think the big difference here is that they nly heard us, and they didn’t see us,” says Andics, because the dgs were inside the machine. “Here, the nly infrmatin they had was the speech signal. What we saw is that fr praise t be dealt with as a reward, when there is n ther supprting infrmatin, bth wrd meaning and intnatin have t fit.”
28. What is regarded as a reward by dgs accrding t the study?
A. Praising wrds in a flat tne.B. Randm wrds in a flat tne.
C. Praising wrds in a praising tne.D. Randm wrds in a praising tne.
29. Hw d dgs deal with what they hear?
A. Fcus mre n the meaning.B. Fcus mre n the intnatin.
C. Use infrmatin frm their peers.D. Use the tw parts f the brain.
30. What is a hard part f the training in Andics’pinin?
A. Lking int the dgs’ brain activity.
B. Training dgs t stay still in the machine.
C. Keeping dgs separated frm their wners.
D. Asking dgs t get up and leave the scanner.
31. Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the text?
A. Dgs Understand Tne and Meaning f Wrds
B. Dgs Indeed Knw Hw t Praise
C. Dgs Can Recgnize Owners’ Vices
D. Dgs Can Read Man’s Mds
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述实验表明狗能理解人说话的语气和含义。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The reward pathway in the dgs’ brains lit up when they heard bth praising wrds and an apprving intnatin(语调)(当狗听到赞扬的话语和赞许的语调时，它们大脑中的奖赏通路会被激活)”可知，当狗听到用赞赏的语调说的表扬的话时，其脑内的奖赏通路会被激活，这被狗视为奖励。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“they seem t separate the meaning f wrds frm the intnatin. Then the left hemisphere(半球) f the brain prcesses meaning, while intnatin is analyzed in the right hemisphere.(它们似乎把单词的意思和语调分开了。然后，大脑左半球处理意思，而语调由右半球分析。)”可知，狗在大脑的不同半球对话语的含义和说话的语调分别进行分析。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“All the dgs in the study were willing vlunteers and were trained nt t mve in the scanner(扫描器).(研究中的所有狗都是自愿的志愿者，并被训练不在扫描仪中移动)”及“The difficult aspect f the training was cnvincing the dgs that ‘mtinless’ means really mtinless. They can’t mve mre than 3 millimeters in any directin, therwise we will have t thrw ut all f the data.(训练的困难之处在于让狗相信‘不动’意味着真的不动。它们不能向任何方向移动超过3毫米，否则我们将不得不扔掉所有的数据。)”可知，研究过程中，狗被要求在扫描仪器中待着不动，这是训练中的难点。故选B项。
【31题详解】
主旨大义题。文章开头通过“When yu praise a dg, it's listening t nt just the wrds yu say but als hw yu say them. That might nt be huge news t dg wners. But nw researchers have explred this phenmenn…(当你表扬一只狗时，它不仅在听你说的话，还在听你怎么说。这对狗主人来说可能不是什么大新闻。但现在研究人员对这一现象进行了探索……)”引入话题：狗能理解人说话的语气和含义，研究者对此进行了研究。接着，下文介绍了该研究的内容和结论，故A项“狗能理解语言的语气和含义”适合作本文标题。故选A项。
D
We humans ften navigate (导航) using rad signs and GPS. But what abut elephants? Cnnie Allen, a behaviural eclgist at the University f Exeter in the U.K., said “the elephants navigate ver lng distances using their unbelievable memries”, which makes thers cnsider that an elephant will never frget. But it’s als been suggested here and there that maybe lfactin is extremely imprtant fr these lng-distance mvements.
Allen and her clleagues checked that idea by testing African elephants’ ability t identify a very special smell: the smell f pee (尿). Yu see, an elephant pees a lt — sme 12 t 15 gallns a day — and that pee can cntain a series f chemical signals.
But first, they needed sme pee. S they headed fr a spt alng Btswana’s Bteti River and waited. They waited fr elephants t pee and, within 20 minutes, went and cllected these fresh pee samples. Then they set up cameras n seven paths which the elephants usually walked alng. After bserving the elephants’ natural behaviur n the paths, they nticed that the majrity f the elephants checked smells alng the paths — especially elephants travelling alne, which is an indicatin, the researchers said, that smells may serve as signpsts alng the paths.
Next, they placed thse pee samples alng the paths. And they fund that fr at least tw days, passing elephants trained their trunks n the samples, especially samples frm mature adults, which is anther indicatin that smells might be an effective navigatinal signal. Their findings appeared in the jurnal Animal Behaviur.
Based n these results, they hpe cnservatinists might be able t use elephant pee as a decy (诱饵). If we can trick elephants int thinking ther elephants are ging this way, maybe we can redirect them away frm where they are cming int cnflict with humans at the mment.
32. What des the underlined wrd “lfactin” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. The radside signpst.B. The sense f smell.
C. The lng-term memry.D. The sense f directin.
33. Hw did researchers get their cnclusins?
A. By ding field research.B. By analyzing causes and effects.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By ding labratry experiments.
34. What might be a ptential benefit f the findings accrding t the text?
A. Helping elephants t find ther cmpanins.
B. Inspiring new research directins in elephants.
C. Raising public awareness f elephant prtectin.
D. Making elephants and humans cexist peacefully.
35. Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the text?
A. African Elephants Shw Persnality-based Mvements
B. Elephants Are Brn With Excellent Ability t Navigate
C. African Elephants May Use Pee as a Rad Sign
D. Elephants Have a Gd Memry fr Rads
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。行为生态学家Cnnie Allen认为大象凭借惊人的记忆力进行远距离导航，但也有人提出，大象在进行远距离活动时嗅觉尤为重要。为了验证这一观点，Cnnie Allen和她的同事们开展了研究，证明确实如此。
【详解】1. 词义猜测题。根据下文“Allen and her clleagues checked that idea by testing African elephants’ ability t identify a very special smell: the smell f pee (尿). Yu see, an elephant pees a lt — sme 12 t 15 gallns a day — and that pee can cntain a series f chemical signals.(艾伦和她的同事通过测试非洲象识别一种非常特殊的气味的能力来验证这一想法：尿的气味。你看，大象尿得很多——大约每天12到15加仑——这些尿可以包含一系列化学信号。)”以及这个实验过程可知，Cnnie Allen和同事们通过测试大象对路边大象尿液的感知能力来进行研究，最终发现，大象可以利用尿液的气味进行远距离活动，由此可知，嗅觉对大象的远距离活动尤为重要。画线词lfactin的含义应为“嗅觉”。故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“They waited fr elephants t pee and, within 20 minutes, went and cllected these fresh pee samples.Then they set up cameras n seven paths which the elephants usually walked alng. (他们等大象尿尿，20分钟后去收集这些新鲜的尿样本。然后，他们在大象通常会走的七条道路上设置了摄像机。)”和第四段的“Next, they placed thse pee samples alng the paths. (接下来，他们将这些尿液样本沿着小路放置。)”可知，研究人员在野外收集大象尿液样本，在七条大象常走的道路上安装摄像机来观察大象的行为，并把尿液样本放在路边来了解嗅觉对大象的影响。由此可推知，研究人员是通过野外研究的方式得出结论的。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Based n these results, they hpe cnservatinists might be able t use elephant pee as a decy (诱饵). If we can trick elephants int thinking ther elephants are ging this way, maybe we can redirect them away frm where they are cming int cnflict with humans at the mment.(基于这些结果，他们希望环保人士可以用大象的尿液作为诱饵。如果我们能哄骗大象，让它们以为其他大象正朝这条路走，也许我们就能引导它们离开与人类发生冲突的地方。)”可知，如果人类可以利用大象的尿液作为诱饵骗过大象，引导大象改变行进方向，就能避免与人类发生冲突。因此推断研究结果的潜在益处是使人类和大象能够和平共处。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。综观全文，尤其是第三段中的“especially elephants travelling alne, which is an indicatin, the researchers said, that smells may serve as signpsts alng the paths.(特别是大象独自旅行，研究人员说，这是一个迹象，气味可能是道路上的路标。)”及第四段中的“And they fund that fr at least tw days, passing elephants trained their trunks n the samples, especially samples frm mature adults, which is anther indicatin that smells might be an effective navigatinal signal. （他们发现，在至少两天的时间里，经过的大象用它们的鼻子来训练样本，特别是来自成年大象的样本，这是另一个迹象，表明气味可能是一种有效的导航信号。）”可知，本文主要讲述的是行为生态学家Cnnie Allen和同事们通过研究发现非洲象根据尿液的气味进行远距离活动。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yu may hear the phrase — dress fr success. ___36___. But des it matter what yu wear fr a wrkut? Listed belw are fur reasns why yu shuld wear gd quality wrkut clthing.
The Right Athletic Clthing Increases Cnfidence
The clthing yu wear is ging t make a difference if yu believe it’s ging t help yu perfrm better. Studies have shwn the psitive impact f wearing the right clthes fr yur wrkplace and this extends t sprts and fitness t. ___37___. That is t say, if yu like what yu are wearing at the gym, there is a greater chance yu will want t exercise.
___38___
Maybe yu need a shirt that takes away misture (水分) frm the bdy s yur mrning jgs are mre cmfrtable and yu can stay ut lnger. Hwever, a pair f running shes wuld nt be apprpriate n the sccer field. Shes made fr running lack the flexibility and stability required fr ther sprts, thus affecting yur perfrmance.
The Right Wrkut Equipment Adds Prtectin & Prevents Injuries
Yu may want a cap t cver yur head and prtect yur face. Yu might want t use glves in the gym t prtect yur hands while using imprperly fitted equipment is a majr cause f sprts-related injuries. ___39___.
Well-Fitted Athletic Clthing Imprves Freedm f Mvement
___40___. A tight shirt can restrict yur mvement. Even if yu are able t swing r make ther mvements yu will be affected if yu are aware f the tightness arund yur bdy.
A. It will cnsequently turn pleasing wrkut int hspital visits
B. Gd sprts shes prtect yur feet
C. Freedm f mvement is imprtant in intense sprts
D. The Gd Clthing Can Aid Pssibility in Exercise
E. The Crrect Sprts Clthing Imprves Perfrmance
F. If yu knw yu lk great — chances are yu will act it ut
G. In ther wrds, the clthing yu chse influences yur perfrmance n the sprts field
【答案】36. G 37. F 38. E 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动时应穿质量好的运动服装的四个原因。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Yu may hear the phrase — dress fr success.(你可能听过这句话——为成功而着装。)”和下文“But des it matter what yu wear fr a wrkut?(但是在锻炼时穿什么重要吗？)”可知，运动时着装可能会影响锻炼。G项“In ther wrds, the clthing yu chse influences yur perfrmance n the sprts field(换句话说，你选择的服装会影响你在体育场上的表现)”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Studies have shwn the psitive impact f wearing the right clthes fr yur wrkplace and this extends t sprts and fitness t.(研究表明，在工作场所穿着合适的衣服会产生积极的影响，这也延伸到运动和健身。)”和下文“That is t say, if yu like what yu are wearing at the gym, there is a greater chance yu will want t exercise.(也就是说，如果你喜欢你在健身房时的穿着，你就更可能想去锻炼。)”可知，合适的衣服可能让你锻炼表现更好。F项“If yu knw yu lk great — chances are yu will act it ut(如果你知道自己看起来很棒——你很有可能会表现出来)”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选F。
【38题详解】
此处是本段的小标题。通读本段内容“Maybe yu need a shirt that takes away misture (水分) frm the bdy s yur mrning jgs are mre cmfrtable and yu can stay ut lnger. Hwever, a pair f running shes wuld nt be apprpriate n the sccer field. Shes made fr running lack the flexibility and stability required fr ther sprts, thus affecting yur perfrmance.(也许你需要一件能带走身体水分的衬衫，这样你的晨跑会更舒服，你也可以在外面呆更长时间。然而，一双跑鞋在足球场上是不合适的。跑步鞋缺乏其他运动所需要的灵活性和稳定性，因此影响了你的表现。)”可知，本段介绍了合适的运动服装可以使运动时间增加而不合适的鞋子会影响运动表现。E项“The Crrect Sprts Clthing Imprves Perfrmance(正确的运动服装（会）改善（你的运动）表现)”统领本段，符合语境。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Yu might want t use glves in the gym t prtect yur hands while using imprperly fitted equipment is a majr cause f sprts-related injuries. (你可能想要在健身房使用手套来保护你的手，因为使用不合适的设备是运动相关伤害的主要原因。)”可知，要预防运动受伤很重要。A项“It will cnsequently turn pleasing wrkut int hspital visits(结果把令人愉快的运动变成去医院就诊)”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
【40题详解】
根据本段小标题“Well-Fitted Athletic Clthing Imprves Freedm f Mvement(合身的运动服装可以提高运动的自由度)”可知，合身的运动服装在运动时可以提高运动自由度。C项“Freedm f mvement is imprtant in intense sprts(在激烈的运动中穿着运动自由的服装是重要的)”与该段主题相符，且能概括下文内容，符合语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Pja Rani entered the bxing area at age 18 all thanks t her cach Sanjay Kumar. Hwever, even with much ___41___, Pja felt shy t wear the bxing glves. She als knew that her father wuld nt ___42___ her taking up this “vilent” sprt. But Pja went after her interest___43___ anyway until ne day when ___44___ came t her father — he discvered the truth and stpped her playing the sprt. “My father wasn’t ___45___ f bxing because he thught it vilent. He didn’t ___46___ me playing ther sprts but bxing was a ___47___ n-g zne,” Pja said. It then tk six mnths f cntinuus ___48___ frm Pja and her cach Sanjay t ___49___ her father t change his attitude.
She wn the Natinal Yuth Bxing Champinship (锦标赛) in 2009, which ____50____ her career n an upward path. In 2012, she ____51____ tw silver medals at the Asian Bxing Champinship and the Arafura Games. Later, she acquired a gld medal at the Suth Asian Games in 2016, thus making her ____52____ fr the Ri Olympics that year.
Unstppable as she was, her wins came t a ____53____ fr sme reasn. During that time, she was ____54____ by many peple. It tk her a whle year t get back n ____55____ with their assistance. And what a cmeback! Pja ____56____ in an impressive way, winning back-t-back gld medals at the Asian Bxing Champinship in 2019 and 2021. This ____57____ her t be the first wman bxer t ____58____ the title. Given the lng and ____59____ rad she tk t get here, fr us, Pja is ____60____ the “queen f bxing”.
41. A. attentinB. guidanceC. assistanceD. encuragement
42. A. apprve fB. g verC. take inD. turn up
43. A. at willB. in secretC. at easeD. in persn
44. A. wrdB. warningC. rewardD. praise
45. A. cnfidentB. hpefulC. fndD. certain
46. A. leaveB. favrC. keepD. mind
47. A. cmmnB. strictC. severeD. vital
48. A. discussinsB. demandsC. effrtsD. quarrels
49. A. cnvinceB. remindC. adviseD. frce
50. A. pushedB. threwC. knckedD. beat
51. A. missedB. baggedC. expectedD. targeted
52. A. anxiusB. celebratedC. qualifiedD. ready
53. A. pauseB. pintC. headD. clse
54. A. frgttenB. backedC. questinedD. apprached
55. A. stageB. bardC. shwD. track
56. A. recveredB. respndedC. returnedD. recalled
57. A. preparedB. inspiredC. urgedD. enabled
58. A. desireB. earnC. deserveD. accept
59. A. evenB. bradC. windingD. steep
60. A. generallyB. bviuslyC. merelyD. truly
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了Pja Rani自小对拳击产生了浓厚兴趣，然而父亲不同意，于是她便背着父亲偷偷练习，正式进入行业后一路曲折不易，最后登上巅峰，成为当之无愧的拳击女王。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使有这么多的鼓励，Pja还是不好意思戴上拳击手套。A. attentin注意；B. guidance指导；C. assistance辅助；D. encuragement鼓励。根据下文“Pja felt shy t wear the bxing glves”可知，Pja不好意思带上拳击手套，那她的教练肯定会给她大量的鼓励来给她打气，故选D项。
42题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：她也知道父亲不会赞成她从事这种“暴力”的运动。A. apprve f赞成；B. g ver复习；C. take in吸收，理解，欺骗；D. turn up出现。根据第5小题“My father wasn’t 5 f bxing”可知，她父亲不喜欢拳击，自然就不会赞成她参加这个拳击比赛，故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查固定词组辨析。句意：但普伽还是秘密地追求着她的兴趣直到有一天她的父亲得知。A. at will自由地；B. in secret秘密地；C. at ease轻松地；D. in persn亲自。根据下文“he discvered the truth”可知，有一天真相被她父亲发现了，这就说明在此之前，她一直都是瞒着父亲秘密地追求自己的爱好，故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但普伽还是秘密地追求着她的兴趣直到有一天她的父亲得知。A. wrd话；B. warning警告；C. reward奖励；D. praise表扬。根据下文“he discvered the truth”可知，有一天她父亲知道了真相，而Pja又一直在悄悄练习，这就说明有人把事情告诉了她父亲，wrd came t sb. 的意思就是“话传到某人耳朵里”，符合语境，故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父亲不喜欢拳击，因为他认为它很暴力。A. cnfident自信的；B. hpeful有希望的；C. fnd喜欢的；D. certain确定的。根据下文“because he thught it vilent”可知，她父亲觉得拳击比赛很暴力，自然是不喜欢，故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不介意我参加其他运动，但拳击是禁区。A. leave离开；B. favr喜欢；C. keep保持；D. mind介意。根据下文“but bxing was a strict n-g zne”可知，她爸爸就是不许她打拳击，说明其它运动对于她父亲来说都是可以接受，也就是不介意她参加其它运动，故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不介意我参加其他运动，但拳击是禁区。A. cmmn普通的；B. strict严格的；C. severe严重的；D. vital致命的。根据上文“My father wasn’t fnd f bxing”可知，她父亲不喜欢拳击，觉得它太暴力了，所以一定会严格禁止女儿参加，故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pja和她的教练Sanjay花了六个月的时间，说服她的父亲改变态度。A. discussins讨论；B. demands要求；C. effrts努力；D. quarrels吵架。根据下文“her father t change his attitude”可知，Pja和她的教练并没有放弃，一直想劝说她父亲改变态度，这就离不开持续的努力，故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pja和她的教练Sanjay花了六个月的时间，说服她的父亲改变态度。A. cnvince说服；B. remind提醒；C. advise建议；D. frce强迫。根据下文“She wn the Natinal Yuth Bxing Champinship”可知，Pja最后参加了拳击锦标赛，这说明她父亲改变了态度，也就说明她和教练持续的努力得到了回报，他们成功的说服了父亲改变态度，故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2009年，她赢得了全国青少年拳击锦标赛，这推动了她的职业生涯在上升的道路上。A. pushed推动；B. threw扔；C. kncked敲击；D. beat击打。根据下文“n an upward path”可知，她走在一条向上的道路上，这是一种比喻性的说法，就好像赢得拳击锦标赛这件事在推动她向上走一样，故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，她在亚洲拳击锦标赛和阿拉弗拉运动会上获得两枚银牌。A. missed错过；B. bagged收入囊中；C. expected期待；D. targeted以……为目标。根据下文“tw silver medals”可知，她应该是又获得了两枚银牌，bag作为名词时“包”的意思，作为动词是“把……放在包里”，也就是“拿到”的意思，符合语境，故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：之后，她在2016年的南亚运动会上获得金牌，从而获得了里约奥运会的参赛资格。A. anxius焦虑的；B. celebrated喜庆的；C. qualified合格的；D. ready准备好的。根据下文“the Ri Olympics”可知，她后来参加了里约奥运会，奥运会并不是随便都可以参加的，Pja的前几次获奖经历使她具备了这样的资格，也就是一名合格的奥运会参赛选手了，故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管她势不可挡，但不知为何，她的胜利却戛然而止。A. pause暂停；B. pint点；C. head头；D. clse关闭。根据上文“Unstppable as she was”可知，这个句子是个as引导的倒装句，意思表示转折，也就是下文需要和这个句子表达相反的含义，和unstppable相反的应该就是“戛然而止”，cme t a pause便是这个意思，故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那段时间，她得到了很多人的支持。A. frgtten忘记；B. backed支持；C. questined质疑；D. apprached靠近。根据下文“with their assistance”可知，很多人都在帮助她，说明她得到了大家的支持，back做动词便是支持的意思，符合语境，故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的协助下，她花了整整一年的时间才回到正轨。A. stage舞台；B. bard板子；C. shw表演；D. track轨道。根据下文“And what a cmeback”可知，Pja经过短暂的停顿后，重新强势归来，说明她的生活恢复了正常，get back n track的意思是“回到正轨”，符合预语境，故选D项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pja以令人印象深刻的方式回归，在2019年和2021年的亚洲拳击锦标赛上连续获得金牌。A. recvered恢复；B. respnded回复；C. returned返回；D. recalled回忆。根据上文“And what a cmeback”可知，Pja强势回归了，并且是一种令人印象深刻的方式回归，故选C项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使她成为第一个赢得冠军头衔的女拳击手。A. prepared准备；B. inspired激励；C. urged督促；D. enabled使……能够；根据下文“t earn the title”可知，Pja回归后又获得了好几枚金牌，这使得她赢得了冠军头衔，其它选项不符合语境，故选D项。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使她成为第一个赢得冠军头衔的女拳击手。A. desire想要；B. earn赚得；C. deserve应得；D. accept接受。根据下文“the title”可知，头衔并不是天上掉下来的，而是Pja经过自己不懈努力赚得的，故选B项。
【59题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到她到今天这一路漫长又蜿蜒，对于我们来说，Pja是真正的“拳击女王”。A. even平坦的；B. brad宽阔的；C. winding蜿蜒的；D. steep陡峭的。根据上文“the lng and”可知，此处填的词应该和lng有同样的感情色彩，再根据全文，Pja进入拳击行业之初一路势如破竹，后停顿一段时间，复出后再次登上巅峰，这便是蜿蜒曲折的发展道路了，故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：考虑到她到今天这一路漫长又蜿蜒，对于我们来说，Pja是真正的“拳击女王”。A. generally一般地；B. bviusly明显地；C. merely仅仅；D. truly真实地。根据下文“the “queen f bxing””可知，经过一路颠簸，Pja已经成为了拳击女王，她的经历让她当之无愧，所以她是真正的拳击女王，故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China ___61___ (be) the largest prducer and cnsumer f watermelns in the wrld since 2018. And Wu Mingzhu, 92 years ld nw, is the unsung her wh has helped make this pssible. It’s n exaggeratin t say that abut 80 percent f the watermelns ___62___ (serve) at peple’s dining tables every day are the result f painstaking effrts made by Wu and her team ver mre than 60 years.
Admitted t Suthwest Agricultural Cllege in Chngqing in the late 1940s, Wu is an alumnus (校友) f Yuan Lngping, the “father f hybrid rice”. After tw years f applicatin setbacks, Wu succeeded in ___63___ (realize) her dream f starting her career in Xinjiang in 1955. Since then, she has devted ___64___ (she) t breeding sweet melns.
Wu’s effrts t grw quality melns began paying ff in 1973, ___65___she set up an ffseasn breeding base in trpical Hainan. Shuttling between Xinjiang and Hainan ___66___ (annual) fr many years , Wu cultivated mre than 20,000 f China’s new seed ___67___ (variety) thrugh ffseasn breeding.
Wu’s cntributin has wn her many praises. She became ___68___academician with the Chinese Academy f Engineering in 1999 and an hnrary citizen f Sanya in 2004. In additin, grwers affectinately (亲切地) call her the “Queen f Melns”.
Nw suffering frm Alzheimer’s (阿兹海默) disease, Wu is ften ___69___ (able) t recgnize her frmer clleagues r even her family members. Hwever, the memry f her meln wrk ____70____ (remain) in her mind.
【答案】61. has been
62. served 63. realizing
64. herself
65. when 66. annually
67. varieties
68. an 69. unable
70. remains
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了吴明珠女士培育甜瓜的事迹。
【61题详解】
考查时态。句意：自2018年以来，中国一直是世界上最大的西瓜生产国和消费国。根据后文since 2018可知为现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has been。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：毫不夸张地说，每天出现在人们餐桌上的西瓜，大约80%是吴和她的团队60多年来辛勤努力的结果。分析句子结构可知serve与逻辑主语watermelns构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填served。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：经过两年的申请周折，吴成功地实现了1955年在新疆开始职业生涯的梦想。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填realizing。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：从那以后，她一直致力于培育甜瓜。短语devte neself t表示“致力于”，应填反身代词herself。故填herself。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1973年，吴在热带海南建立了一个淡季培育基地，她种植优质瓜的努力开始得到回报。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词1973，在从句作时间状语，故用when。故填when。
【66题详解】
考查副词。句意：多年来，吴每年穿梭于新疆和海南之间，通过淡季育种培育了2万多个中国新种子品种。修饰介词短语应用副词annually，作状语。故填annually。
【67题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：多年来，吴每年穿梭于新疆和海南之间，通过淡季育种培育了2万多个中国新种子品种。根据上文20,000可知应用复数形式。故填varieties。
【68题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她于1999年成为中国工程院院士，并于2004年成为三亚市荣誉市民。academician为泛指，且是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
【69题详解】
考查形容词。句意：吴女士现在患有阿尔茨海默病，她常常认不出以前的同事，甚至认不出她的家人。作表语，且表示“不能的”应用形容词unable。故填unable。
【70题详解】
考查时态。句意：然而，她的西瓜工作的记忆仍然留在她的脑海里。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为the memry f her meln wrk，谓语用三单形式。故填remains。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When studied in elementary schl, I talked t a better friend abut vlunteering. I was srry t hear she has never vlunteered befre. Mre surprising, several days later I was tld that pprtunity t vlunteer was nt easy t get fr ther classmates either. Then I came up with an idea, this was t rganize ne vlunteer pprtunity a mnth at schl. Other kids wuld make a difference thrugh simple act f service if I culd ffer situatins t teach them the imprtance f giving back. Hwever, I presented my idea t ur headmaster. T his great happiness, it was recgnized. It started as ne prject in a small classrm, and eventually was turned ut a success in my whle schl.
【答案】1. studied→studying
2. better→gd
3. has→had
4. surprising→surprisingly
5. 在pprtunity前增加an/the
6. this→which
7. act→acts
8. Hwever→Therefre
9. his→my
10. 删除eventually后的was
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章简要讲述了作者在知道很多同学没有办法接触志愿者服务机会后，想出了每个月在学校组织一次志愿者服务的点子，并把自己的想法告知了校长，得到了认可，最终在学校获得成功。
【详解】1. 考查状语从句中的省略。句意：在小学学习的时候，我和一个好朋友谈论志愿服务。分析句子可知，此处用了When引导时间状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，因此对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，study“学习”和被省略的主语I之间是主动关系，应用study的现在分词形式。故将studied改为studying。
2. 考查形容词。句意：在小学学习的时候，我和一个好朋友谈论志愿服务。此处表示一个“好朋友”，没有比较含义，应用形容词原级gd。故将better改为gd。
3. 考查时态。句意：听说她以前从来没有当过志愿者，我感到很遗憾。此处表示听说她以前没有做过志愿者，“我”很遗憾，讲述过去的过去发生的事应用过去完成时。故将has改为had。
4. 考查副词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，几天后我被告知，志愿者的机会对其他同学来说也不容易得到。修饰整个句子应用副词surprisingly，意为“令人惊讶的是”。故将surprising改为surprisingly。
5. 考查冠词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，几天后我被告知，志愿者的机会对其他同学来说也不容易得到。pprtunity“机会”是可数名词，此处可以理解为特指“成为志愿者的机会”，用定冠词the修饰；也可以理解为泛指“一次成为志愿者的机会”，且pprtunity是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an修饰。故在pprtunity前增加an/the。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：然后我有了一个想法，就是每个月在学校组织一次志愿者的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词an idea作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故将this改为which。
7. 考查名词的数。句意：如果我能提供一些机会，让其他孩子认识到回馈的重要性，他们就会通过简单的服务行为来改变世界。act“行为，行动”是可数名词，此处应用复数表泛指，意为“简单的服务行为”。故将act改为acts。
8. 考查副词。句意：因此，我向校长提出了我的想法。上句描述自己的想法，本句叙述提出想法，上下句之间是因果关系，而不是转折关系，应用Therefre“因此”衔接。故将Hwever改为Therefre。
9. 考查代词。句意：令我非常高兴的是，它被认可了。t ne’s happiness意为“让……高兴的是”，该想法是作者提出的，它得到认可会让作者高兴，此处表示“让我非常高兴的是”，应用形容词性物主代词my。故将his改为my。
10. 考查语态。句意：它最初是一个小教室里的一个项目，最终在我整个学校取得了成功。固定短语turn ut意为“结果是，被证明是”，不用被动语态。故删除eventually后的was。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 你校最近举办了以“强国有我(We’ll Make China Strng)”为主题的升旗仪式及国旗下的演讲活动。请根据以下提示，写一篇英文周记：
1. 时间地点；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的感受。
参考词汇：国歌 natinal anthem
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
The natinal flag-raising ceremny n the theme f “We’ll Make China Strng” tk place in ur schl n Mnday mrning. The mment all the students and teachers gathered n the playgrund, the ceremny began. As the music played, sme students dressed in unifrm marched in with the flag. Then we all sang ur natinal anthem as the flag rse slwly. After the flag was raised, ne student delivered a speech titled “I will d my part t make China prsperus”. I was deeply impressed by the activity. As a Chinese, I take great pride in my mtherland. Thugh she suffered a lt in the past, China has been develping rapidly in the last few decades. It is everyne’s respnsibility t make China strng and prsperus.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校最近举办了以“强国有我(We’ll Make China Strng)”为主题的升旗仪式及国旗下的演讲活动。请根据以下提示，写一篇英文周记。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举行：take place→be held
一……就……：the mment→ as sn as
发表：deliver→address
以……为骄傲：take pride in→be prud f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The natinal flag-raising ceremny n the theme f “We’ll Make China Strng” tk place in ur schl n Mnday mrning.
拓展句：The natinal flag-raising ceremny whse theme was “We’ll Make China Strng” tk place in ur schl n Mnday mrning.
【点睛】【高分句型1】After the flag was raised, ne student delivered a speech titled “I will d my part t make China prsperus”.（运用了after引导时间状语从句，过去分词作后置定语）
【高分句型2】Thugh she suffered a lt in the past, China has been develping rapidly in the last few decades.（运用了thugh引导的让步状语从句）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Wh is having a hliday abrad?
A. David.B. Mike.C. Jhn.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: David has just phned me and said that he culdn’t attend the party. He isn’t feeling very well nw.
W: S, we’ll have three peple absent. Jhn is traveling with his parents abrad and Mike has t stay late at the ffice.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What time des the next plane t Lndn leave?
A. At 10:00.B. At 11:00.C. At 12:00.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me. What time des the next plane t Lndn take ff?
W: The next ne is Flight 12 at eleven, gate 10.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is Mr. Thmas’s life like nw?
A. Wrse than befre.B. Happier than befre.C. As gd as befre.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Lk! Mrs. Thmas was such a beauty when she was yung.
W: But Mr. Thmas is shrt and ugly. Why d yu think Mrs. Thmas wuld marry him?
M: He is certainly very pr nw, but he was a rich man befre, and they nce had a happy time.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why wn’t the man g t the mvies with Helen?
A. She is nt in the md.
B. She likes talking during a mvie.
C. She desn’t want t g ut with him.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve decided t g t the cinema alne this evening.
W: What has caused yu t make such a decisin? Didn’t yu use t g with Helen?
M: Helen is nice but she talks a lt.
W: Oh. That’s really annying when yu are seeing a film.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man trying t d?
A. Deliver sme bad news.B. Find a new psitin.C. Make a speech.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m very srry. I’m nt in the psitin t tell yu this but I’m certainly very wrried.
W: Dn’t make a big speech abut hw srry yu are. Just give it t me straight.
M: We have t lay ff (解雇) sme wrkers and yu’re ne f them.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Hw des the man sund at first?
A. Rather surprised.B. Very calm.C. A little angry.
7. Where are the files?
A. On the man’s desk.
B. Next t the fax machine.
C. On the cmputer desk.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hw many times have I tld yu nt t take files hme with yu?
W: I didn’t, Jhn. I left them just where yu tld me and…
M: But they are nt here n this cmputer desk. Where have they gne? They can’t have gt up and walked away.
W: Wait a minute. Sally was still here when I left. Yu knw, she is always tidying things away. Right, just as I thught, she put them here beside this fax machine.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What d Iranians care mst abut the tea?
A. The clr.B. The tea set.C. The quality.
9. What is special abut tea shps in Iran?
A. There are n tea cups.B. There are n chairs.C. There are n waiters.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: S, I heard that Iran is very famus fr its cffee.
M: Well, nt cffee actually, the tea.
W: The tea? What is special abut it?
M: Well, we are very much picky (挑剔的) abut the clr f the tea. Everybdy rders differently. Sme peple want clred strng tea. Sme peple dn’t want it that strng.
W: S, I guess yu’ve gt a lt f tea shps.
M: Yeah, yeah, we have traditinal nes, which are very interesting fr the turists I believe. Yu g in and yu sit dwn, n chairs there, and it’s actually cushins just behind yu, s yu can lie n these cushins.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Why did the man g t the Philippines?
A. Fr a trip.B. Fr further studies.C. Fr vlunteer wrk.
11. Wh helped the man with the prject?
A. The lcal students.
B. The lcal gvernment.
C. The lcal businessmen.
12 What’s the aim f the prject?
A. T explre an island.
B. T help the pr students.
C. T prtect the envirnment.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Where exactly did yu g in the Philippines?
M: I was in Dava City. The vlunteer rganizatin has an ffice and sme student drms there.
W: Can yu talk abut the rganizatin?
M: Sure. The rganizatin is called the Student Vlunteer Organizatin. They rganize trips fr university students t g abrad and d vlunteer wrk — yu knw, ding things that help the cuntry and the peple. Fr example, ne prject, we planted trees in an area f the island where a lt f trees had been cut dwn years ag. We gt lcal elementary schl students t help us because the gal f the prject was t teach yung peple abut the envirnment.
W: That’s great S yu decided t g because the envirnment is imprtant t yu?
M: Yes, I think it’s everyne’s respnsibility t help prtect the envirnment.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the man?
A. A dctr.B. A hst.C. A teacher.
14. Wh used t be a dctr?
A. Cassie’s friend.
B. Cassie’s mther.
C. Cassie’s friend’s mther.
15. Hw lng did it take Cassie t becme a qualified dctr?
A. One year.B. Fur years.C. Five years.
16. What des Cassie say abut her jb?
A. She gets bred with it.
B. She enjys it in general.
C. She always wrks vertime.
【答案】13. B 14. C 15. C 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hell and welcme t tday’s Career Tmrrw. Tday we are ging t lk at anther kind f jb — dctrs. We have with us Dr. Cassie Brwn, wh is a dctr at the Ryal Lndn Hspital. Hell, Cassie, hw did yu first becme interested in medicine?
W: Well, I had a friend whse mther was a dctr, and I thught her jb might be interesting.
M: S hw did yu find ut mre abut the jb?
W: Well, I became a vlunteer in a hspital and wrked fr a dctr. I sn realized that this career was the right ne fr me.
M: S what did yu need t study at university?
W: I studied Healing Science, and then I received a master’s degree.
M: Hw lng did it take yu t becme a qualified dctr?
W: Once I had finished my degree, I had t wrk fr ne year befre I became qualified, s it tk me five years.
M: Hw many hurs d yu wrk every day?
W: Well, I wrk at nrmal hurs — nine t five.
M: What d yu like mst abut yur jb?
W: It’s never bring. In fact, I feel srry when I have t have a day ff!
M: It sunds like the perfect jb! Thanks fr speaking with us, Cassie.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the weather like tday?
A. Rainy.B. Snwy.C. Sunny.
18. When shuld the listeners get up tmrrw?
A. At 5:30.B. At 6:00.C. At 6:30.
19. What des the speaker advise the listeners NOT t take?
A. Whistles.B. Maps.C. Cameras.
20. What are the listeners ging t d mst prbably?
A. G surfing.B. G hiking.C. G bating.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Is everybdy here? Gd. Nw listen t me carefully. I hpe yu’ve all had a gd day tday. It’s very unusual t have s much snw here at this time f year. Sme f yu were asking abut tmrrw. Well, we’re ging unless the snw gets much heavier during the night. I’ll see yu back here at six ’clck. Set yur alarms fr 5:30 and wash up yurselves in thirty minutes. Be here tmrrw mrning with everything yu need. Yu’ve all gt a list — yu need a whistle in case yu get separated frm the rest f the grup, warm clthes and glves. A gd pair f bts is imprtant fr yu because we will spend at least six hurs n walking. Dn’t frget the maps I gave yu. I suggest yu nt bring cameras and vide cameras. Yu all lk rather wrried. There’s really n need. As lng as we all stay tgether, we’ll have a great time. OK, it’s time we had dinner nw, s if anyne has any questins, ask me n the way t the dining hall. Let’s g.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Yung Writers Awards
Abut the Cntest
Benningtn Cllege has a unique literary traditin. We’ve had twelve Pulitzer Prize winners, three US pet laureates, fur MacArthur Geniuses, and tw f Time magazine’s 100 mst influential peple. In celebratin f this, Benningtn launched the Yung Writers Awards t prmte excellence in writing at the high schl level. Students are invited t enter with the fllwing wrk:
•Petry: A grup f three pems
•Fictin: A shrt stry (1,500 wrds r fewer) r ne-act play
•Nnfictin: A persnal r academic essay (1,500 wrds r fewer)
A first-, secnd-, and third-place winner is selected in each categry. We welcme participatin f bth US and internatinal students.
Awards & Rules
First-place winners in each categry are awarded a prize f $1,000; secnd-place winners receive $500; third-place winners receive $250.
•N charge fr entrance. Fees fr accidents caused by participants are required.
•All entries must be riginal wrk reviewed, apprved and guided by a teacher. We will use yur teacher as a cntact fr the cmpetitin shuld we have any questins. Fr hmeschled students, please cntact ne t assist in yur writing even if yu have experience in such cmpetitins.
Yung Writers Awards finalists and winners are als qualified fr undergraduate schlarships at Benningtn. Yung Writers Awards finalists wh apply and gain admissin t Benningtn will receive a $10,000 schlarship every year fr fur years, fr a ttal f $40,000. Yung Writers Awards winners reaching the standard will receive $15,000 every year, fr a ttal f $60,000.
21. What can be learned abut the Yung Writers Awards?
A. It rewards three winners at last.
B. It’s a traditin f Benningtn Cllege.
C. It accepts participants wrldwide.
D. It ffers schlarships t undergraduates.
22. What are the participants asked t d?
A. Hand in a persnal essay.B. Have related writing experience.
C. Pay an entry fee n time.D. Find a teacher t help with the entry.
23. Hw much will the secnd-place winner t be admitted int Benningtn gain in ttal?
A. $10,500.B. $15,500.
C. $40,500.D. $60,500.
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了本宁顿学院举办的一项面向全球各地的高中生的写作比赛。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Abut the Cntest部分最后一句“We welcme participatin f bth US and internatinal students.(我们欢迎美国学生和国际学生的参与。)”可知，该比赛欢迎所有美国和国际学生。由此可推知，Yung Writers Awards接受世界各地的参赛者。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Awards & Rules部分的“All entries must be riginal wrk reviewed, apprved and guided by a teacher.(所有参赛作品必须是由老师审阅、批准和指导的原创作品。)”和“please cntact ne t assist in yur writing even if yu have experience in such cmpetitins(即使你有参加这类比赛的经验，也请联系一个协助你写作的人)”可知，参赛者需要找到一位老师指导自己的参赛作品。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Awards & Rules部分的“secnd-place winners receive $500(第二名将获得500美元)”和“Yung Writers Awards winners reaching the standard will receive $15,000 every year, fr a ttal f $60,000(达到标准的青年作家奖获奖者每年将获得1.5万美元，总共6万美元)”可知，二等奖获得者会得到500美元的奖励，在申请并被本宁顿学院录取后会获得60000美元的奖学金，故一共会获得60500美元。故选D项。
B
In the digital age, pprtunities are arising fr everyne. Hwever, nly thse putting plans int actin can stay ahead. Alexandr Wang is ne such example.
Ls Alams Natinal Labratry was where Alexandr spent his childhd. Bth his parents were physicists there. Alexandr, frm a yung age, had a sharp mind. As a kid, he was regarded as a math wizard (奇才) and cmpeted in natinal math and cmputer cmpetitins. Finishing high schl, Alexandr entered MIT where machine learning and AI amazed him. He saw the ptential (潜力) f AI, and was excited abut hw it culd change the wrld. But it wasn’t making a real impact. His ambitin t set up a cmpany in that field was seeded then.
At 17, he gt the rle f tech lead at Qura and drpped ut f MIT. “I tld my parents it was just ging t be a thing I did fr the summer. Obviusly, it wasn’t,” Alexandr said. Surely, his parents were disappinted. They all knew he made that change filled with unexpected risks. But Alexandr said, “If yu aren’t willing t take a risk nw, then when?” Alexandr met Lucy Gu at Qura, with whm Alexandr funded Scale AI, which turned ut t be a cnsiderable success.
In fact, at that time, there were varius pprtunities in the tech wrld. It was hard t decide which rad they shuld g dwn. Then he and his team decided t take a different apprach — instead f fllwing diverse paths, they agreed t fcus n ne. They went with “imagery, cmputer visin and ther kinds f sensr data”. And that is what made the cmpany’s prfits rise quickly. Scale AI has a net wrth f abut $7.3 billin at present, with Alexandr being the wrld’s yungest self-made billinaire.
When asked lessns he’d like t share with funders, Alexandr stated there are a number f things. “The tp ne is always ding things that g with yur values and hw yu want t build a cmpany at the beginning. When yu talk t investrs (投资者), they’ll cntribute advice that may g against yur gal. Figure ut yur fcus and what gets yu started.”
24. What inspired Alexandr t build Scale AI?
A. The wrk at Qura.B. His experiences at university.
C. The influence f his parents.D. His talent fr math and cmputer.
25. What is mainly talked abut in paragraph 4?
A. The key t the success f Scale AI.B. Challenges f Alexandr’s career.
C. Alexandr’s great achievements.D. The prcess f funding Scale AI.
26. What did Alexandr advise funders t d?
A Stick t ne particular directin.B. Keep an pen mind n suggestins.
C. Remain true t the riginal intentin.D. Find a friend t start a cmpany.
27. Which f the fllwing can best describe Alexandr?
A. Clever and generus.B. Curageus and utging.
C. Ambitius and sciable.D. Adventurus and determined.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Alexandr Wang自幼被认为是一个数学奇才，高中毕业后他进入麻省理工学院，在那里，机器学习和人工智能吸引了他。后来为了追求自己的志向，他毅然辍学白手起家，和Lucy Gu一起创建了公司Scale AI，成为全球最年轻的亿万富翁。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Finishing high schl, Alexandr entered MIT where machine learning and AI amazed him. He saw the ptential (潜力) f AI, and was excited abut hw it culd change the wrld. But it wasn’t making a real impact. His ambitin t set up a cmpany in that field was seeded then.(高中毕业后，亚历山大进入麻省理工学院学习机器学习和人工智能。他看到了人工智能的潜力，并对它如何改变世界感到兴奋。但这并没有产生真正的影响。他想在那个领域开一家公司的野心从那时就开始萌芽了)”可知，在大学的经历激发了Alexandr创建Scale AI。故选B。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“In fact, at that time, there were varius pprtunities in the tech wrld. It was hard t decide which rad they shuld g dwn. Then he and his team decided t take a different apprach — instead f fllwing diverse paths, they agreed t fcus n ne. They went with “imagery, cmputer visin and ther kinds f sensr data”. And that is what made the cmpany’s prfits rise quickly. Scale AI has a net wrth f abut $7.3 billin at present, with Alexandr being the wrld’s yungest self-made billinaire.(事实上，在那个时候，科技领域有各种各样的机会。很难决定他们该走哪条路。然后，他和他的团队决定采取不同的方法——他们同意专注于一条，而不是遵循不同的路径。他们使用了“图像、计算机视觉和其他类型的传感器数据”。这就是公司利润快速增长的原因。Scale AI目前的净资产约为73亿美元，亚历山大是世界上最年轻的白手起家的亿万富翁)”可知，第四段主要介绍了Scale AI成功的关键。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The tp ne is always ding things that g with yur values and hw yu want t build a cmpany at the beginning. When yu talk t investrs (投资者), they’ll cntribute advice that may g against yur gal. Figure ut yur fcus and what gets yu started.(最重要的是，一开始总是按照你的价值观和你想要的方式去做事情。当你与投资者交谈时，他们提供的建议可能与你的目标背道而驰。弄清楚你的重点和你的出发点)”可推知，亚历山大建议创业者忠于最初的意图。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“At 17, he gt the rle f tech lead at Qura and drpped ut f MIT. “I tld my parents it was just ging t be a thing I did fr the summer. Obviusly, it wasn’t,” Alexandr said. Surely, his parents were disappinted. They all knew he made that change filled with unexpected risks. But Alexandr said, “If yu aren’t willing t take a risk nw, then when?” Alexandr met Lucy Gu at Qura, with whm Alexandr funded Scale AI, which turned ut t be a cnsiderable success.(17岁时，他在Qura担任技术主管，并从麻省理工学院退学。“我告诉我的父母，这只是我暑假要做的一件事。显然，它不是，”亚历山大说。当然，他的父母很失望。他们都知道他做出的改变充满了意想不到的风险。但亚历山大说:“如果你现在不愿意冒险，那什么时候呢？”亚历山大在Qura遇到了露西·郭，亚历山大和她一起创立了Scale AI，并取得了相当大的成功)”可推断，Alexandr创立一家人工智能公司的决心非常坚定；根据第四段中的“Then he and his team decided t take a different apprach — instead f fllwing diverse paths, they agreed t fcus n ne.(然后，他和他的团队决定采取不同的方法——他们同意专注于一条，而不是遵循不同的路径)”可知，Alexandr敢于冒险、勇于尝试。由此推知，他是意志坚定且敢于冒险的。故选D。
C
When yu praise a dg, it’s listening t nt just the wrds yu say but als hw yu say them. That might nt be huge news t dg wners. But nw researchers have explred this phenmenn by using an imaging machine t lk inside the brains f 13 dgs as they listened t their wners’ vice.
The reward pathway in the dgs’ brains lit up when they heard bth praising wrds and an apprving intnatin (语调)—but nt when they heard randm (随机的) wrds spken in a praising tne r praising wrds spken in a flat tne, accrding t the researchers.
“Dgs deal with bth what we say and hw we say it in a way which is amazingly similar t hw humans d it,” says Attila Andics, a neurscientist in Hungary. When dgs hear speech, he explains, they seem t separate the meaning f wrds frm the intnatin. Then the left hemisphere (半球) f the brain deals with meaning, while intnatin is dealt with in the right hemisphere.
All the dgs in the study were willing vlunteers and were trained nt t mve in the scanner (扫描器). The dgs culd get up and leave the machine whenever they wanted. But it was clear t the dgs that their human cmpanins lved it when they did this very easy task. “They were really happy t take part,” says Andics. “The difficulty f the training was that they can’t mve mre than 3 millimeters in any directin, therwise we will have t thrw ut all f the data.”
He says mst dg wners have experimented with trying t “trick” their dgs by saying nnsense wrds in a cheerful, happy tne f vice. “I think the big difference here is that they nly heard us, and they didn’t see us,” says Andics, because the dgs were inside the machine. “Here, the nly infrmatin they had was the speech signal. What we saw is that fr praise t be dealt with as a reward, when there is n ther supprting infrmatin, bth wrd meaning and intnatin have t fit.”
28. What is regarded as a reward by dgs accrding t the study?
A. Praising wrds in a flat tne.B. Randm wrds in a flat tne.
C. Praising wrds in a praising tne.D. Randm wrds in a praising tne.
29. Hw d dgs deal with what they hear?
A. Fcus mre n the meaning.B. Fcus mre n the intnatin.
C. Use infrmatin frm their peers.D. Use the tw parts f the brain.
30. What is a hard part f the training in Andics’pinin?
A. Lking int the dgs’ brain activity.
B. Training dgs t stay still in the machine.
C. Keeping dgs separated frm their wners.
D. Asking dgs t get up and leave the scanner.
31. Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the text?
A. Dgs Understand Tne and Meaning f Wrds
B. Dgs Indeed Knw Hw t Praise
C. Dgs Can Recgnize Owners’ Vices
D. Dgs Can Read Man’s Mds
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述实验表明狗能理解人说话的语气和含义。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The reward pathway in the dgs’ brains lit up when they heard bth praising wrds and an apprving intnatin(语调)(当狗听到赞扬的话语和赞许的语调时，它们大脑中的奖赏通路会被激活)”可知，当狗听到用赞赏的语调说的表扬的话时，其脑内的奖赏通路会被激活，这被狗视为奖励。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“they seem t separate the meaning f wrds frm the intnatin. Then the left hemisphere(半球) f the brain prcesses meaning, while intnatin is analyzed in the right hemisphere.(它们似乎把单词的意思和语调分开了。然后，大脑左半球处理意思，而语调由右半球分析。)”可知，狗在大脑的不同半球对话语的含义和说话的语调分别进行分析。故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“All the dgs in the study were willing vlunteers and were trained nt t mve in the scanner(扫描器).(研究中的所有狗都是自愿的志愿者，并被训练不在扫描仪中移动)”及“The difficult aspect f the training was cnvincing the dgs that ‘mtinless’ means really mtinless. They can’t mve mre than 3 millimeters in any directin, therwise we will have t thrw ut all f the data.(训练的困难之处在于让狗相信‘不动’意味着真的不动。它们不能向任何方向移动超过3毫米，否则我们将不得不扔掉所有的数据。)”可知，研究过程中，狗被要求在扫描仪器中待着不动，这是训练中的难点。故选B项。
【31题详解】
主旨大义题。文章开头通过“When yu praise a dg, it's listening t nt just the wrds yu say but als hw yu say them. That might nt be huge news t dg wners. But nw researchers have explred this phenmenn…(当你表扬一只狗时，它不仅在听你说的话，还在听你怎么说。这对狗主人来说可能不是什么大新闻。但现在研究人员对这一现象进行了探索……)”引入话题：狗能理解人说话的语气和含义，研究者对此进行了研究。接着，下文介绍了该研究的内容和结论，故A项“狗能理解语言的语气和含义”适合作本文标题。故选A项。
D
We humans ften navigate (导航) using rad signs and GPS. But what abut elephants? Cnnie Allen, a behaviural eclgist at the University f Exeter in the U.K., said “the elephants navigate ver lng distances using their unbelievable memries”, which makes thers cnsider that an elephant will never frget. But it’s als been suggested here and there that maybe lfactin is extremely imprtant fr these lng-distance mvements.
Allen and her clleagues checked that idea by testing African elephants’ ability t identify a very special smell: the smell f pee (尿). Yu see, an elephant pees a lt — sme 12 t 15 gallns a day — and that pee can cntain a series f chemical signals.
But first, they needed sme pee. S they headed fr a spt alng Btswana’s Bteti River and waited. They waited fr elephants t pee and, within 20 minutes, went and cllected these fresh pee samples. Then they set up cameras n seven paths which the elephants usually walked alng. After bserving the elephants’ natural behaviur n the paths, they nticed that the majrity f the elephants checked smells alng the paths — especially elephants travelling alne, which is an indicatin, the researchers said, that smells may serve as signpsts alng the paths.
Next, they placed thse pee samples alng the paths. And they fund that fr at least tw days, passing elephants trained their trunks n the samples, especially samples frm mature adults, which is anther indicatin that smells might be an effective navigatinal signal. Their findings appeared in the jurnal Animal Behaviur.
Based n these results, they hpe cnservatinists might be able t use elephant pee as a decy (诱饵). If we can trick elephants int thinking ther elephants are ging this way, maybe we can redirect them away frm where they are cming int cnflict with humans at the mment.
32. What des the underlined wrd “lfactin” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. The radside signpst.B. The sense f smell.
C. The lng-term memry.D. The sense f directin.
33. Hw did researchers get their cnclusins?
A. By ding field research.B. By analyzing causes and effects.
C. By making cmparisns.D. By ding labratry experiments.
34. What might be a ptential benefit f the findings accrding t the text?
A. Helping elephants t find ther cmpanins.
B. Inspiring new research directins in elephants.
C. Raising public awareness f elephant prtectin.
D. Making elephants and humans cexist peacefully.
35. Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the text?
A. African Elephants Shw Persnality-based Mvements
B. Elephants Are Brn With Excellent Ability t Navigate
C. African Elephants May Use Pee as a Rad Sign
D. Elephants Have a Gd Memry fr Rads
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。行为生态学家Cnnie Allen认为大象凭借惊人的记忆力进行远距离导航，但也有人提出，大象在进行远距离活动时嗅觉尤为重要。为了验证这一观点，Cnnie Allen和她的同事们开展了研究，证明确实如此。
【详解】1. 词义猜测题。根据下文“Allen and her clleagues checked that idea by testing African elephants’ ability t identify a very special smell: the smell f pee (尿). Yu see, an elephant pees a lt — sme 12 t 15 gallns a day — and that pee can cntain a series f chemical signals.(艾伦和她的同事通过测试非洲象识别一种非常特殊的气味的能力来验证这一想法：尿的气味。你看，大象尿得很多——大约每天12到15加仑——这些尿可以包含一系列化学信号。)”以及这个实验过程可知，Cnnie Allen和同事们通过测试大象对路边大象尿液的感知能力来进行研究，最终发现，大象可以利用尿液的气味进行远距离活动，由此可知，嗅觉对大象的远距离活动尤为重要。画线词lfactin的含义应为“嗅觉”。故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“They waited fr elephants t pee and, within 20 minutes, went and cllected these fresh pee samples.Then they set up cameras n seven paths which the elephants usually walked alng. (他们等大象尿尿，20分钟后去收集这些新鲜的尿样本。然后，他们在大象通常会走的七条道路上设置了摄像机。)”和第四段的“Next, they placed thse pee samples alng the paths. (接下来，他们将这些尿液样本沿着小路放置。)”可知，研究人员在野外收集大象尿液样本，在七条大象常走的道路上安装摄像机来观察大象的行为，并把尿液样本放在路边来了解嗅觉对大象的影响。由此可推知，研究人员是通过野外研究的方式得出结论的。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Based n these results, they hpe cnservatinists might be able t use elephant pee as a decy (诱饵). If we can trick elephants int thinking ther elephants are ging this way, maybe we can redirect them away frm where they are cming int cnflict with humans at the mment.(基于这些结果，他们希望环保人士可以用大象的尿液作为诱饵。如果我们能哄骗大象，让它们以为其他大象正朝这条路走，也许我们就能引导它们离开与人类发生冲突的地方。)”可知，如果人类可以利用大象的尿液作为诱饵骗过大象，引导大象改变行进方向，就能避免与人类发生冲突。因此推断研究结果的潜在益处是使人类和大象能够和平共处。故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。综观全文，尤其是第三段中的“especially elephants travelling alne, which is an indicatin, the researchers said, that smells may serve as signpsts alng the paths.(特别是大象独自旅行，研究人员说，这是一个迹象，气味可能是道路上的路标。)”及第四段中的“And they fund that fr at least tw days, passing elephants trained their trunks n the samples, especially samples frm mature adults, which is anther indicatin that smells might be an effective navigatinal signal. （他们发现，在至少两天的时间里，经过的大象用它们的鼻子来训练样本，特别是来自成年大象的样本，这是另一个迹象，表明气味可能是一种有效的导航信号。）”可知，本文主要讲述的是行为生态学家Cnnie Allen和同事们通过研究发现非洲象根据尿液的气味进行远距离活动。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Yu may hear the phrase — dress fr success. ___36___. But des it matter what yu wear fr a wrkut? Listed belw are fur reasns why yu shuld wear gd quality wrkut clthing.
The Right Athletic Clthing Increases Cnfidence
The clthing yu wear is ging t make a difference if yu believe it’s ging t help yu perfrm better. Studies have shwn the psitive impact f wearing the right clthes fr yur wrkplace and this extends t sprts and fitness t. ___37___. That is t say, if yu like what yu are wearing at the gym, there is a greater chance yu will want t exercise.
___38___
Maybe yu need a shirt that takes away misture (水分) frm the bdy s yur mrning jgs are mre cmfrtable and yu can stay ut lnger. Hwever, a pair f running shes wuld nt be apprpriate n the sccer field. Shes made fr running lack the flexibility and stability required fr ther sprts, thus affecting yur perfrmance.
The Right Wrkut Equipment Adds Prtectin & Prevents Injuries
Yu may want a cap t cver yur head and prtect yur face. Yu might want t use glves in the gym t prtect yur hands while using imprperly fitted equipment is a majr cause f sprts-related injuries. ___39___.
Well-Fitted Athletic Clthing Imprves Freedm f Mvement
___40___. A tight shirt can restrict yur mvement. Even if yu are able t swing r make ther mvements yu will be affected if yu are aware f the tightness arund yur bdy.
A. It will cnsequently turn pleasing wrkut int hspital visits
B. Gd sprts shes prtect yur feet
C. Freedm f mvement is imprtant in intense sprts
D. The Gd Clthing Can Aid Pssibility in Exercise
E. The Crrect Sprts Clthing Imprves Perfrmance
F. If yu knw yu lk great — chances are yu will act it ut
G. In ther wrds, the clthing yu chse influences yur perfrmance n the sprts field
【答案】36. G 37. F 38. E 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动时应穿质量好的运动服装的四个原因。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Yu may hear the phrase — dress fr success.(你可能听过这句话——为成功而着装。)”和下文“But des it matter what yu wear fr a wrkut?(但是在锻炼时穿什么重要吗？)”可知，运动时着装可能会影响锻炼。G项“In ther wrds, the clthing yu chse influences yur perfrmance n the sprts field(换句话说，你选择的服装会影响你在体育场上的表现)”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Studies have shwn the psitive impact f wearing the right clthes fr yur wrkplace and this extends t sprts and fitness t.(研究表明，在工作场所穿着合适的衣服会产生积极的影响，这也延伸到运动和健身。)”和下文“That is t say, if yu like what yu are wearing at the gym, there is a greater chance yu will want t exercise.(也就是说，如果你喜欢你在健身房时的穿着，你就更可能想去锻炼。)”可知，合适的衣服可能让你锻炼表现更好。F项“If yu knw yu lk great — chances are yu will act it ut(如果你知道自己看起来很棒——你很有可能会表现出来)”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选F。
【38题详解】
此处是本段的小标题。通读本段内容“Maybe yu need a shirt that takes away misture (水分) frm the bdy s yur mrning jgs are mre cmfrtable and yu can stay ut lnger. Hwever, a pair f running shes wuld nt be apprpriate n the sccer field. Shes made fr running lack the flexibility and stability required fr ther sprts, thus affecting yur perfrmance.(也许你需要一件能带走身体水分的衬衫，这样你的晨跑会更舒服，你也可以在外面呆更长时间。然而，一双跑鞋在足球场上是不合适的。跑步鞋缺乏其他运动所需要的灵活性和稳定性，因此影响了你的表现。)”可知，本段介绍了合适的运动服装可以使运动时间增加而不合适的鞋子会影响运动表现。E项“The Crrect Sprts Clthing Imprves Perfrmance(正确的运动服装（会）改善（你的运动）表现)”统领本段，符合语境。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Yu might want t use glves in the gym t prtect yur hands while using imprperly fitted equipment is a majr cause f sprts-related injuries. (你可能想要在健身房使用手套来保护你的手，因为使用不合适的设备是运动相关伤害的主要原因。)”可知，要预防运动受伤很重要。A项“It will cnsequently turn pleasing wrkut int hspital visits(结果把令人愉快的运动变成去医院就诊)”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
【40题详解】
根据本段小标题“Well-Fitted Athletic Clthing Imprves Freedm f Mvement(合身的运动服装可以提高运动的自由度)”可知，合身的运动服装在运动时可以提高运动自由度。C项“Freedm f mvement is imprtant in intense sprts(在激烈的运动中穿着运动自由的服装是重要的)”与该段主题相符，且能概括下文内容，符合语境。故选C。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Pja Rani entered the bxing area at age 18 all thanks t her cach Sanjay Kumar. Hwever, even with much ___41___, Pja felt shy t wear the bxing glves. She als knew that her father wuld nt ___42___ her taking up this “vilent” sprt. But Pja went after her interest___43___ anyway until ne day when ___44___ came t her father — he discvered the truth and stpped her playing the sprt. “My father wasn’t ___45___ f bxing because he thught it vilent. He didn’t ___46___ me playing ther sprts but bxing was a ___47___ n-g zne,” Pja said. It then tk six mnths f cntinuus ___48___ frm Pja and her cach Sanjay t ___49___ her father t change his attitude.
She wn the Natinal Yuth Bxing Champinship (锦标赛) in 2009, which ____50____ her career n an upward path. In 2012, she ____51____ tw silver medals at the Asian Bxing Champinship and the Arafura Games. Later, she acquired a gld medal at the Suth Asian Games in 2016, thus making her ____52____ fr the Ri Olympics that year.
Unstppable as she was, her wins came t a ____53____ fr sme reasn. During that time, she was ____54____ by many peple. It tk her a whle year t get back n ____55____ with their assistance. And what a cmeback! Pja ____56____ in an impressive way, winning back-t-back gld medals at the Asian Bxing Champinship in 2019 and 2021. This ____57____ her t be the first wman bxer t ____58____ the title. Given the lng and ____59____ rad she tk t get here, fr us, Pja is ____60____ the “queen f bxing”.
41. A. attentinB. guidanceC. assistanceD. encuragement
42. A. apprve fB. g verC. take inD. turn up
43. A. at willB. in secretC. at easeD. in persn
44. A. wrdB. warningC. rewardD. praise
45. A. cnfidentB. hpefulC. fndD. certain
46. A. leaveB. favrC. keepD. mind
47. A. cmmnB. strictC. severeD. vital
48. A. discussinsB. demandsC. effrtsD. quarrels
49. A. cnvinceB. remindC. adviseD. frce
50. A. pushedB. threwC. knckedD. beat
51. A. missedB. baggedC. expectedD. targeted
52. A. anxiusB. celebratedC. qualifiedD. ready
53. A. pauseB. pintC. headD. clse
54. A. frgttenB. backedC. questinedD. apprached
55. A. stageB. bardC. shwD. track
56. A. recveredB. respndedC. returnedD. recalled
57. A. preparedB. inspiredC. urgedD. enabled
58. A. desireB. earnC. deserveD. accept
59. A. evenB. bradC. windingD. steep
60. A. generallyB. bviuslyC. merelyD. truly
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D 56. C 57. D 58. B 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了Pja Rani自小对拳击产生了浓厚兴趣，然而父亲不同意，于是她便背着父亲偷偷练习，正式进入行业后一路曲折不易，最后登上巅峰，成为当之无愧的拳击女王。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使有这么多的鼓励，Pja还是不好意思戴上拳击手套。A. attentin注意；B. guidance指导；C. assistance辅助；D. encuragement鼓励。根据下文“Pja felt shy t wear the bxing glves”可知，Pja不好意思带上拳击手套，那她的教练肯定会给她大量的鼓励来给她打气，故选D项。
42题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：她也知道父亲不会赞成她从事这种“暴力”的运动。A. apprve f赞成；B. g ver复习；C. take in吸收，理解，欺骗；D. turn up出现。根据第5小题“My father wasn’t 5 f bxing”可知，她父亲不喜欢拳击，自然就不会赞成她参加这个拳击比赛，故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查固定词组辨析。句意：但普伽还是秘密地追求着她的兴趣直到有一天她的父亲得知。A. at will自由地；B. in secret秘密地；C. at ease轻松地；D. in persn亲自。根据下文“he discvered the truth”可知，有一天真相被她父亲发现了，这就说明在此之前，她一直都是瞒着父亲秘密地追求自己的爱好，故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但普伽还是秘密地追求着她的兴趣直到有一天她的父亲得知。A. wrd话；B. warning警告；C. reward奖励；D. praise表扬。根据下文“he discvered the truth”可知，有一天她父亲知道了真相，而Pja又一直在悄悄练习，这就说明有人把事情告诉了她父亲，wrd came t sb. 的意思就是“话传到某人耳朵里”，符合语境，故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父亲不喜欢拳击，因为他认为它很暴力。A. cnfident自信的；B. hpeful有希望的；C. fnd喜欢的；D. certain确定的。根据下文“because he thught it vilent”可知，她父亲觉得拳击比赛很暴力，自然是不喜欢，故选C项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不介意我参加其他运动，但拳击是禁区。A. leave离开；B. favr喜欢；C. keep保持；D. mind介意。根据下文“but bxing was a strict n-g zne”可知，她爸爸就是不许她打拳击，说明其它运动对于她父亲来说都是可以接受，也就是不介意她参加其它运动，故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不介意我参加其他运动，但拳击是禁区。A. cmmn普通的；B. strict严格的；C. severe严重的；D. vital致命的。根据上文“My father wasn’t fnd f bxing”可知，她父亲不喜欢拳击，觉得它太暴力了，所以一定会严格禁止女儿参加，故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Pja和她的教练Sanjay花了六个月的时间，说服她的父亲改变态度。A. discussins讨论；B. demands要求；C. effrts努力；D. quarrels吵架。根据下文“her father t change his attitude”可知，Pja和她的教练并没有放弃，一直想劝说她父亲改变态度，这就离不开持续的努力，故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pja和她的教练Sanjay花了六个月的时间，说服她的父亲改变态度。A. cnvince说服；B. remind提醒；C. advise建议；D. frce强迫。根据下文“She wn the Natinal Yuth Bxing Champinship”可知，Pja最后参加了拳击锦标赛，这说明她父亲改变了态度，也就说明她和教练持续的努力得到了回报，他们成功的说服了父亲改变态度，故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2009年，她赢得了全国青少年拳击锦标赛，这推动了她的职业生涯在上升的道路上。A. pushed推动；B. threw扔；C. kncked敲击；D. beat击打。根据下文“n an upward path”可知，她走在一条向上的道路上，这是一种比喻性的说法，就好像赢得拳击锦标赛这件事在推动她向上走一样，故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，她在亚洲拳击锦标赛和阿拉弗拉运动会上获得两枚银牌。A. missed错过；B. bagged收入囊中；C. expected期待；D. targeted以……为目标。根据下文“tw silver medals”可知，她应该是又获得了两枚银牌，bag作为名词时“包”的意思，作为动词是“把……放在包里”，也就是“拿到”的意思，符合语境，故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：之后，她在2016年的南亚运动会上获得金牌，从而获得了里约奥运会的参赛资格。A. anxius焦虑的；B. celebrated喜庆的；C. qualified合格的；D. ready准备好的。根据下文“the Ri Olympics”可知，她后来参加了里约奥运会，奥运会并不是随便都可以参加的，Pja的前几次获奖经历使她具备了这样的资格，也就是一名合格的奥运会参赛选手了，故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管她势不可挡，但不知为何，她的胜利却戛然而止。A. pause暂停；B. pint点；C. head头；D. clse关闭。根据上文“Unstppable as she was”可知，这个句子是个as引导的倒装句，意思表示转折，也就是下文需要和这个句子表达相反的含义，和unstppable相反的应该就是“戛然而止”，cme t a pause便是这个意思，故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那段时间，她得到了很多人的支持。A. frgtten忘记；B. backed支持；C. questined质疑；D. apprached靠近。根据下文“with their assistance”可知，很多人都在帮助她，说明她得到了大家的支持，back做动词便是支持的意思，符合语境，故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的协助下，她花了整整一年的时间才回到正轨。A. stage舞台；B. bard板子；C. shw表演；D. track轨道。根据下文“And what a cmeback”可知，Pja经过短暂的停顿后，重新强势归来，说明她的生活恢复了正常，get back n track的意思是“回到正轨”，符合预语境，故选D项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pja以令人印象深刻的方式回归，在2019年和2021年的亚洲拳击锦标赛上连续获得金牌。A. recvered恢复；B. respnded回复；C. returned返回；D. recalled回忆。根据上文“And what a cmeback”可知，Pja强势回归了，并且是一种令人印象深刻的方式回归，故选C项。
【57题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使她成为第一个赢得冠军头衔的女拳击手。A. prepared准备；B. inspired激励；C. urged督促；D. enabled使……能够；根据下文“t earn the title”可知，Pja回归后又获得了好几枚金牌，这使得她赢得了冠军头衔，其它选项不符合语境，故选D项。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使她成为第一个赢得冠军头衔的女拳击手。A. desire想要；B. earn赚得；C. deserve应得；D. accept接受。根据下文“the title”可知，头衔并不是天上掉下来的，而是Pja经过自己不懈努力赚得的，故选B项。
【59题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到她到今天这一路漫长又蜿蜒，对于我们来说，Pja是真正的“拳击女王”。A. even平坦的；B. brad宽阔的；C. winding蜿蜒的；D. steep陡峭的。根据上文“the lng and”可知，此处填的词应该和lng有同样的感情色彩，再根据全文，Pja进入拳击行业之初一路势如破竹，后停顿一段时间，复出后再次登上巅峰，这便是蜿蜒曲折的发展道路了，故选C项。
【60题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：考虑到她到今天这一路漫长又蜿蜒，对于我们来说，Pja是真正的“拳击女王”。A. generally一般地；B. bviusly明显地；C. merely仅仅；D. truly真实地。根据下文“the “queen f bxing””可知，经过一路颠簸，Pja已经成为了拳击女王，她的经历让她当之无愧，所以她是真正的拳击女王，故选D项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China ___61___ (be) the largest prducer and cnsumer f watermelns in the wrld since 2018. And Wu Mingzhu, 92 years ld nw, is the unsung her wh has helped make this pssible. It’s n exaggeratin t say that abut 80 percent f the watermelns ___62___ (serve) at peple’s dining tables every day are the result f painstaking effrts made by Wu and her team ver mre than 60 years.
Admitted t Suthwest Agricultural Cllege in Chngqing in the late 1940s, Wu is an alumnus (校友) f Yuan Lngping, the “father f hybrid rice”. After tw years f applicatin setbacks, Wu succeeded in ___63___ (realize) her dream f starting her career in Xinjiang in 1955. Since then, she has devted ___64___ (she) t breeding sweet melns.
Wu’s effrts t grw quality melns began paying ff in 1973, ___65___she set up an ffseasn breeding base in trpical Hainan. Shuttling between Xinjiang and Hainan ___66___ (annual) fr many years , Wu cultivated mre than 20,000 f China’s new seed ___67___ (variety) thrugh ffseasn breeding.
Wu’s cntributin has wn her many praises. She became ___68___academician with the Chinese Academy f Engineering in 1999 and an hnrary citizen f Sanya in 2004. In additin, grwers affectinately (亲切地) call her the “Queen f Melns”.
Nw suffering frm Alzheimer’s (阿兹海默) disease, Wu is ften ___69___ (able) t recgnize her frmer clleagues r even her family members. Hwever, the memry f her meln wrk ____70____ (remain) in her mind.
【答案】61. has been
62. served 63. realizing
64. herself
65. when 66. annually
67. varieties
68. an 69. unable
70. remains
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了吴明珠女士培育甜瓜的事迹。
【61题详解】
考查时态。句意：自2018年以来，中国一直是世界上最大的西瓜生产国和消费国。根据后文since 2018可知为现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has been。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：毫不夸张地说，每天出现在人们餐桌上的西瓜，大约80%是吴和她的团队60多年来辛勤努力的结果。分析句子结构可知serve与逻辑主语watermelns构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填served。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：经过两年的申请周折，吴成功地实现了1955年在新疆开始职业生涯的梦想。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填realizing。
【64题详解】
考查代词。句意：从那以后，她一直致力于培育甜瓜。短语devte neself t表示“致力于”，应填反身代词herself。故填herself。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1973年，吴在热带海南建立了一个淡季培育基地，她种植优质瓜的努力开始得到回报。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词1973，在从句作时间状语，故用when。故填when。
【66题详解】
考查副词。句意：多年来，吴每年穿梭于新疆和海南之间，通过淡季育种培育了2万多个中国新种子品种。修饰介词短语应用副词annually，作状语。故填annually。
【67题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：多年来，吴每年穿梭于新疆和海南之间，通过淡季育种培育了2万多个中国新种子品种。根据上文20,000可知应用复数形式。故填varieties。
【68题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她于1999年成为中国工程院院士，并于2004年成为三亚市荣誉市民。academician为泛指，且是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
【69题详解】
考查形容词。句意：吴女士现在患有阿尔茨海默病，她常常认不出以前的同事，甚至认不出她的家人。作表语，且表示“不能的”应用形容词unable。故填unable。
【70题详解】
考查时态。句意：然而，她的西瓜工作的记忆仍然留在她的脑海里。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为the memry f her meln wrk，谓语用三单形式。故填remains。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（/）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
When studied in elementary schl, I talked t a better friend abut vlunteering. I was srry t hear she has never vlunteered befre. Mre surprising, several days later I was tld that pprtunity t vlunteer was nt easy t get fr ther classmates either. Then I came up with an idea, this was t rganize ne vlunteer pprtunity a mnth at schl. Other kids wuld make a difference thrugh simple act f service if I culd ffer situatins t teach them the imprtance f giving back. Hwever, I presented my idea t ur headmaster. T his great happiness, it was recgnized. It started as ne prject in a small classrm, and eventually was turned ut a success in my whle schl.
【答案】1. studied→studying
2. better→gd
3. has→had
4. surprising→surprisingly
5. 在pprtunity前增加an/the
6. this→which
7. act→acts
8. Hwever→Therefre
9. his→my
10. 删除eventually后的was
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章简要讲述了作者在知道很多同学没有办法接触志愿者服务机会后，想出了每个月在学校组织一次志愿者服务的点子，并把自己的想法告知了校长，得到了认可，最终在学校获得成功。
【详解】1. 考查状语从句中的省略。句意：在小学学习的时候，我和一个好朋友谈论志愿服务。分析句子可知，此处用了When引导时间状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，因此对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，study“学习”和被省略的主语I之间是主动关系，应用study的现在分词形式。故将studied改为studying。
2. 考查形容词。句意：在小学学习的时候，我和一个好朋友谈论志愿服务。此处表示一个“好朋友”，没有比较含义，应用形容词原级gd。故将better改为gd。
3. 考查时态。句意：听说她以前从来没有当过志愿者，我感到很遗憾。此处表示听说她以前没有做过志愿者，“我”很遗憾，讲述过去的过去发生的事应用过去完成时。故将has改为had。
4. 考查副词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，几天后我被告知，志愿者的机会对其他同学来说也不容易得到。修饰整个句子应用副词surprisingly，意为“令人惊讶的是”。故将surprising改为surprisingly。
5. 考查冠词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，几天后我被告知，志愿者的机会对其他同学来说也不容易得到。pprtunity“机会”是可数名词，此处可以理解为特指“成为志愿者的机会”，用定冠词the修饰；也可以理解为泛指“一次成为志愿者的机会”，且pprtunity是以元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an修饰。故在pprtunity前增加an/the。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：然后我有了一个想法，就是每个月在学校组织一次志愿者的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词an idea作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故将this改为which。
7. 考查名词的数。句意：如果我能提供一些机会，让其他孩子认识到回馈的重要性，他们就会通过简单的服务行为来改变世界。act“行为，行动”是可数名词，此处应用复数表泛指，意为“简单的服务行为”。故将act改为acts。
8. 考查副词。句意：因此，我向校长提出了我的想法。上句描述自己的想法，本句叙述提出想法，上下句之间是因果关系，而不是转折关系，应用Therefre“因此”衔接。故将Hwever改为Therefre。
9. 考查代词。句意：令我非常高兴的是，它被认可了。t ne’s happiness意为“让……高兴的是”，该想法是作者提出的，它得到认可会让作者高兴，此处表示“让我非常高兴的是”，应用形容词性物主代词my。故将his改为my。
10. 考查语态。句意：它最初是一个小教室里的一个项目，最终在我整个学校取得了成功。固定短语turn ut意为“结果是，被证明是”，不用被动语态。故删除eventually后的was。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
72. 你校最近举办了以“强国有我(We’ll Make China Strng)”为主题的升旗仪式及国旗下的演讲活动。请根据以下提示，写一篇英文周记：
1. 时间地点；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的感受。
参考词汇：国歌 natinal anthem
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
The natinal flag-raising ceremny n the theme f “We’ll Make China Strng” tk place in ur schl n Mnday mrning. The mment all the students and teachers gathered n the playgrund, the ceremny began. As the music played, sme students dressed in unifrm marched in with the flag. Then we all sang ur natinal anthem as the flag rse slwly. After the flag was raised, ne student delivered a speech titled “I will d my part t make China prsperus”. I was deeply impressed by the activity. As a Chinese, I take great pride in my mtherland. Thugh she suffered a lt in the past, China has been develping rapidly in the last few decades. It is everyne’s respnsibility t make China strng and prsperus.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校最近举办了以“强国有我(We’ll Make China Strng)”为主题的升旗仪式及国旗下的演讲活动。请根据以下提示，写一篇英文周记。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举行：take place→be held
一……就……：the mment→ as sn as
发表：deliver→address
以……为骄傲：take pride in→be prud f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The natinal flag-raising ceremny n the theme f “We’ll Make China Strng” tk place in ur schl n Mnday mrning.
拓展句：The natinal flag-raising ceremny whse theme was “We’ll Make China Strng” tk place in ur schl n Mnday mrning.
【点睛】【高分句型1】After the flag was raised, ne student delivered a speech titled “I will d my part t make China prsperus”.（运用了after引导时间状语从句，过去分词作后置定语）
【高分句型2】Thugh she suffered a lt in the past, China has been develping rapidly in the last few decades.（运用了thugh引导的让步状语从句）
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