2023北京广渠门中学高三保温卷英语

这是一份2023北京广渠门中学高三保温卷英语，共8页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共 15 分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：90 分钟 试卷满分：100 分
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。
My wife and I usually dn’t keep huseplants. Anything in pts gets either verwatered r underwatered. But after my diagnsis with a brain cancer, I lved the idea f having smething green and 1 arund us.
Last year, my friend Mitch gave me a lucky bamb plant. Tending t the plant gave me a sense f 2 at a time when I smetimes felt useless because my ability t mve was limited. As a physician, I was used t being the ne wh 3 care. Watering the plant 4 me t a cre part f my ld identity and taught me I culd still be a caregiver.
Hwever, after several weeks grwing in perfect cnditin, the plant 5 began t shw signs f stress. N matter what I did, the leaves kept 6 and drpping t the flr.
“I can’t even care fr a simple plant!” I yelled. “If my lucky bamb dies, I might die t!”
Identifying with the green and grwing plant had ffered me cmfrt. But when the tree was struggling, I felt increasingly uneasy and 7 .
It was several mnths later when I recvered frm surgery that I realized I had wrngly linked my careful nurturing f the plant—smething ver which I had at least sme cntrl—with my wn 8 —smething ver which I had n cntrl.
As my 9 lessened, I began t study nline tutrials t figure ut hw t care fr the tree. I transplanted it t a larger pt, and when it was back in the sunny windw, we bth began t thrive ( 旺盛) again.
Nw whenever I lk at the tree in its new pt, I make a pint t relax and think f the things I can 10 .
1. A. alive B. primitive C. delicate D. mature
2. A. warmth B. relief C. achievement D. security
3. A. valued B. needed C. prvided D. lacked
4. A. added B. cnnected C. adapted D. cmpared
5. A. casually B. interestingly C. genuinely D. mysteriusly
6. A. spreading B. brwning C. waving D. dancing
7. A. fearful B. inncent C. faithful D. dishnest
8. A. dream B. success C. capability D. survival
9. A. discntent B. anxiety C. dubt D. sympathy
10. A. give B. share C. decide D. preserve
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题：每小题 1. 5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词 的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
While engagement has never been mre challenging fr schls t achieve, it’s als 11 (critical) than ever. Engagement is mre than just ensuring that lessns are fun. Upn deeper examinatin, engagement and mtivatin 12 (drive) by several factrs. D students get an pprtunity t help shape their gals and the prcess by which they are learning t achieve them? Des every student feel 13 (supprt) at schl? D students understand the value f 14 they’re learning and believe that this value utweighs the cst f effrt? When these things are true, learning happens.
B
Faced with health r nutritin questins, it is 15 (increase) cmmn fr peple t g nline and diagnse themselves. But the Internet is full f cnflicting health warnings with n regulatin t remve the wrng advice, sme f 16 is extremely dangerus! Als, search engines rank results by ppularity rather than accuracy, s slid facts can be tricky t find. It is wrth examining 17 the writer f an nline piece is prperly qualified as an expert. Remember, nly fficially recgnized practicing dctrs as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical suggestins.
C
Children ften learn new languages mre easily than adults d, accrding t a study 18 (carry) ut amng Belgian adults. Grasping a language 19 (require) absrbing language patterns uncnsciusly and that adults’ cnscius reasning is t blame. Indeed, when 20 (begin) t learn a language, yu shuld immerse yurself in its sunds, even - r especially - whether yu are distracted r less cnscius.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Brn in the spirit f innvatin at the 1962 Wrld’s Fair in Seattle, the Pacific Science Center has sparked curisity fr mre than 60 years as the natin’s first science and technlgy center. When visiting the center, we ask guests t fllw the plicies and prcedures listed t ensure the best experience fr everyne visiting.
General Visitr Plicies
Pacific Science Center is cmmitted t creating an envirnment where everyne feels valued and welcme, and we expect ur guests t act in accrdance with this cmmitment. All guests are required t wear shes if yu enter the center. All yuth age 12 and under must be accmpanied by a respnsible adult r legal guardian thrughut their visit because sme experiences may require adult supervisin(监管). If yu want t listen t music during yu visit, we kindly ask that yu use headphnes and/r keep the vlume f yur persnal electrnic devices at a reasnable level s as nt t disturb ther guests. Please be aware that use f persnal electrnic devices is nt allwed in ur Planetarium, IMAX, r laser thearters.
Ticketing Plicies
Fr yur security, Print at Hme tickets are individually cded and allw nly ne scan per entry. If mre
than ne cpy f yur ticket is printed, r a phtcpy is made, nly the first scan f the barcde（条形码）n yur ticket will be allwed entry. Any subsequent cpies attempting t scan will alert staff that the ticket has already been scanned.
Refund and Exchange Plicies
All ticket sales are final and nn-refundable. All exchanges must be prcessed at least 24 hurs prir t
the time and date f the event r reservatin. Exchanges are nt allwed after an event has started, fr tickets with dates in the past, r fr events r reservatins marked n refunds r exchanges.
Pht and Vide Plicies
Guest phtgraphy and videtaping with small, persnal recrding devices is permitted fr private, nn-cmmercial use. Tripds fr filming and phtgraphy are nt allwed in the exhibit halls. Phtgraphs and vides f the Science Center may nt be published, sld, reprduced r therwise cmmercially used withut written apprval frm Pacific Science Center.
Thank yu fr fllwing these guidelines and visiting Pacific Science Center. We appreciate yur supprt. Please call (206) 443-2001 with any questin.
21. Which f the fllwing is allwed in the center?
A. Yuth under the age 12 participate in the experiments alne.
B. Use tripds fr filming and phtgraphy in the exhibit halls.
C. Take pictures r vides with small, persnal recrding devices.
D. Use persnal electrnic devices in Planetarium, IMAX, r laser theaters.
22. Yu can change the visit date f yur ticket_______.
A. tw days befre the visit
B. within 24 hurs after purchase
C. within 8 hurs befre the visit time
D. after an event f the center has started
23. This passage is intended fr ________.
A. parents B. turists C. tur guides D. students
B
She spent ver tw decades wrking her way up in the science industry, either as a chemist in a lab r in a management rle. Nw Berkeley Middle Schl teacher Mrs. Amy Adams is emplying her science skills in a different envirnment. She decided t mix things up a bit and came up with a winning frmula t help make a difference in the classrm. Mrs. Amy Adams is ur Cl Schl teacher f the week.
She tk a cuple f years ff after having children. While vlunteering at her kids’ schl, she was fascinated by educatin. Adams says, “This is where I am suppsed t be. I lved my jb and the peple I wrked with, but I just kept feeling unsettled, s finally, I channeled my energy int smething meaningful.”
Adams says she stepped ut n faith, and the rest is histry, well actually it’s science. She’s nw in year six f teaching seventh-grade science at BMS. “This is my alma mater. I walked the halls f Berkeley Middle. S it is with all fur f my children. My yungest is walking the halls nw. It just feels like hme,” Adams said.
Adams describes her teaching style as interactive. She says, “I want them t have a vice and learn critical thinking, s we feature clrful activities. Whether it’s nte-taking, wrksheets, ding DNA extractins n a strawberry r dissecting frgs, the prcess is always interactive. By ding s, I intend t cultivate a culture f learning and aruse their interest in science.”
LaTanya Butler, principal at BMS says, “She was in the science industry, s she can relate the cncepts she teaches t real life, which is ne f the great attributes t have in a teacher.”
Butler says Mrs. Adams als pushed t add an additinal day t her wrk week. “I’ve had t pen the building at her request s she can wrk n Saturdays. That’s just the attitude she adpts, t g ver and beynd fr ur students here. I just appreciate Mrs. Adams fr hearing the call t switch t educatin. If I culd clne Mrs. Adams fifty mre times, nt nly Berkeley Middle but schls in general wuld benefit frm that spirit f dedicatin.”
When asked if she misses wrking in the industry, Mrs. Adams says, “I’ll tell yu I wrk harder nw than I ever did, that I’m mre tired nw than I ever was, but I abslutely lve what I d, and I feel like what I’m ding makes a difference. I can’t imagine nt being here.”
24. What was the main cause fr Adams’ changing her jb?
A．Her lve f educatin. B．Her lack f inspiratin.
C．Her spirit f vlunteering. D．Her desire f being perfect.
25. Adams used an interactive teaching style t ______.
A. learn critical thinking B. enjy science classes
C. have clrful activities D. imprve teaching effects
26. What can we learn frm LaTanya Butler’s wrds?
A. Adams can assciate thery with practice.
B. Adams’ dedicatin will inspire mre teachers.
C. Adams wrks vertime t teach students mre.
D. Adams wes her success t her wrk experience.
27. What is the passage trying t tell us?
A. Keep lking, dn’t settle.
B. Actin speaks luder than wrds．
C. T knw neself is true prgress.
D. Live yur passin, fllw yur dreams.
C
Cracks are very cmmn in cncrete structures due t varius chemical and physical phenmena that ccur during everyday use. And tiny cracks can be quite harmful because they prvide an easy rute in fr liquids and gases—and the harmful substances they might cntain. Fr instance, micr-cracks can allw water and xygen t infiltrate(渗透) and then crrde(腐蚀) the steel, leading t structural failure.
But cntinuus maintenance and repair wrk is difficult because it usually requires an enrmus amunt f labr and investment.
Scientists have been trying t figure ut hw these harmful cracks culd heal themselves withut human interventin. The idea was riginally inspired by the amazing ability f the human bdy t heal itself f cuts, bruises and brken bnes. A persn takes in nutrients which the bdy uses t prduce new substitutes t heal damaged tissues. In the same way, can we prvide necessary prducts t cncrete t fill in cracks when damage happens?
Thrugh lng time research, scientists have fund an unusual candidate t help cncrete heal itself: a fungus（真菌） called T. reesei. It is fund that as calcium hydrxide frm cncrete disslved in water, the pH f the fungal grwth medium increased frm a clse-t-neutral riginal value f 6.5 all the way t a very alkaline 13.0. Of all the fungi tested, nly T. reesei culd survive this envirnment. Despite the drastic pH increase, its spres（孢子） germinated and grew equally well with r withut cncrete.
Scientists prpse including fungal spres, tgether with nutrients, during the initial mixing prcess when building a new cncrete structure. When the inevitable cracking ccurs and water finds its way in, the drmant fungal spres will germinate. As they grw, they’ll wrk as a catalyst( 催 化 剂 ) within the calcium-rich cnditins f the cncrete t prmte precipitatin f calcium carbnate crystals. These mineral depsits can fill in the cracks. When the cracks are cmpletely filled and n mre water can enter, the fungi will again frm spres. If cracks frm again and envirnmental cnditins becme favrable, the spres culd wake up and repeat the prcess.
T. reesei is ec-friendly, psing n knwn risk t human health. In fact, T. reesei has a lng histry f safe use in industrial-scale prductin f carbhydrase enzymes, such as cellulase, which plays an imprtant rle in fermentatin（发酵）prcesses during winemaking. Of curse, researchers will need t cnduct a thrugh assessment t investigate any pssible immediate and lng-term effects n the envirnment and human health prir t its use as a healing agent in cncrete infrastructure.
28. Accrding t the passage, tiny cracks in cncrete structures may lead t ________.
A. Disfunctin even cllapse f the entire structure
B. Cntinuus maintenance and rebuilding
C. Leakage f liquids and gases
D. Waste f water and xygen
29. What can we knw abut T. reesei?
A. It is widely used in building cncrete structures.
B. It can survive in extreme envirnment.
C. It can help cncrete cracks becme nrmal again.
D. It is a newly discvered fungi.
30. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. T. reesei might be used n human.
B. The research is still at its initial stage.
C. The resserch is unreplaceable in winemaking.
D. T. reesei has lng-term effects n human health.
D
Micrplastics — tiny pieces f plastic waste less than five millimetres lng that have been degraded by waves, wind and ultravilet rays — have been discvered in the deepest ceanic trenches and within the stmachs f the rganisms that live there, but we have little idea abut where the great majrity f them end up. Mre than eight millin tnnes f plastic enters ur ceans every year, cmprising between 80 and 85 percent f all marine trash, but with inadequate data, there are cncerns that these figures culd be underestimates.
Currently, mst f the data we have n micrplastics are accidentally captured by research ships, which use planktn nets t cllect marine-micrrganism samples. Hwever, researchers Christpher Ruf and Madeline Evans frm the University f Michigan have discvered an innvative way t identify and track cncentratins f micrplastics in the cean.
The technique relies n NASA’s Cyclne Glbal Navigatin Satellite System (CYGNSS), a cnstellatin f eight micr-satellites used t predict hurricanes that calculate wind speeds abve the cean by measuring the rughness f surface waters. As the satellites are cntinuusly recrding, Ruf and Evans realised that they cllect a great deal f additinal data. It was while analysing these data that they nticed sme differences — times where the surface f the cean appeared t be much smther than it shuld, given the prevailing wind (盛行风) cnditins.
Knwing that water isn’t rughened as much when it cntains a lt f flating material, Ruf and Evans identified a pattern that linked areas f unusual smthness and predicted micrplastic distributins. They fund that the difference between their measurements, and hw much rugher the surface wuld be if winds f the same speed were blwing acrss clear water, was“ highly crrelated with the presence f micrplastics, and the degree f the difference als crrelated with the cncentratin f the plastics.”
The research reveals that there are seasnal variatins, where the cncentratins f micrplastics tend t be higher in the summer and lwer in the winter in a very clean, peridic way, which Ruf explains mirrrs the way in which the cean circulatin changes thrughut the year. It als cnfirms, as was previusly thught, that rivers are the main surce f cean micrplastics.
Raising awareness f the issue f cean micrplastics amng the public and pliticians is just ne f the
researchers’ future aims; they are als in cnversatin with Dutch nn-prfit The Ocean Cleanup and Finnish clean-technlgy specialist Clewat, which are interested in using the infrmatin t mre efficiently target their trash-cllectin campaigns.
S far, nly ne year’s wrth f data have been prcessed since CYGNSS was launched in 2016. By lking at a lnger time perid, Ruf and Evans aim t determine whether the seasnal pattern is repeatable, and whether the cncentratin f micrplastics in the cean is getting wrse.
31．What is Paragraph 1 mainly abut?
A．The limited knwledge abut cean micrplastics.
B．The harm f cean micrplastics t sea creatures.
C．The methds f degrading cean micrplastics.
D．The previus research n cean micrplastics.
32．Accrding t the passage, CYGNSS________________.
A．has ffered data abut the repeatable seasnal pattern
B．guides research ships t gather data abut sea animals
C．prvides unexpected data abut the changes f sea surface
D．was designed t measure the distributin f cean micrplastics
33．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Micrplastics will end up in the stmachs f the cean rganisms.
B．Micrplastics play a vital rle in the yearly cean circulatin changes.
C．The surface f the cean can get smther with mre micrplastics in it.
D．The new way f tracking micrplastics has helped prevent cean pllutin.
34．What is the main purpse f the passage?
A．T intrduce the technlgy f CYGNSS.
B．T present a way t study cean micrplastics.
C．T test an assumptin n cean micrplastics.
D．T prpse a new means f prtecting the cean.
第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When yu were at schl, were yu ever tld t stp daydreaming and cncentrate? It was easy fr yur mind t wander if yu weren’t interested in what yu were learning r if yu had better things t think abut. Staying fcused can still be a challenge in adult life._____35______
Scientists have lked at what makes us prcrastinat（e拖延）and fund a number f ways t help us stay in
the zne. ____36____ Research by Science Fcus magazine fund silence is best fr cncentratin, r a gentle backgrund hum and cffee shp nise is great! It als fund switching ff yur phne remves a majr distractin and helps us fcus n the task at hand.
____37____ Psychlgists and neurscientists are increasingly interested in ur ability t knuckle dwn and have lked at what we can change inside ur head t make us cncentrate. An article fr BBC Future by Carline Williams says that “Attentin Researcher Nilli Lavie f University Cllege Lndn has fund that making a task mre visually demanding takes up mre prcessing pwer and leaves the brain nthing left t prcess distractins.”
There are mre practical tips t keeping yur mind fcused. These include making a list r timetable f the tasks yu have t d, finding a wrkspace where yu’re nt tempted t d ther things, r chewing sme gum!______38______
But accrding t Science Fcus magazine, distractin isn’t all bad. “If we were always s fcused that we never gt distracted, we’d miss ptential changes, such as threats, in ur envirnment.____39______
A. Distractin is vital fr survival.
B. One f the mst bvius things is eliminating nise.
C. Anther pssible cure fr a shrt attentin span is keeping yur mind busy.
D. Many students are bthered by cnstantly getting distracted during the class.
E. But understanding hw t d it, and knwing what is distracting yu, can help.
F. It’s pssible the mvement in yur muth ccupies parts f the brain that might therwise get distracted.
G. Researchers have fund that cnstantly alerting yurself r taking ntes while listening are helpful t.
第三部分 书面表达 （共二节，32 分）
第一节 阅读与表达（共 4 小题；第 1、2 题各 2 分，第 3 题 3 分，第 4 题 5 分， 共 12 分）。
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
It's just a few days int the new year. Hw are yu ding n yur reslutins? Wait: Have yu even started n them yet?
Many peple find that the hardest part f many tasks is beginning them at all. T help with this prblem, tw researchers have sught t determine whether certain utside cues can jump — start us tward reaching ur gals. Such cues, which manipulate （操控）ur perceptin f time, are simple yet effective, accrding t a recent article in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research.
In ne study, cnducted in 2010, the researchers asked tw grups f farmers in India t set up a bank accunt and accumulate a certain amunt f mney by a deadline, ffering extra mney as a reward. One grup was apprached in June, with a deadline f December that year. The secnd grup was apprached in July with a deadline f January the next year.
The farmers in the first grup were mre likely t set up an accunt immediately, even thugh bth grups had the same amunt f time. That's because the deadline was in the same year as the assignment and therefre seemed mre like the present, said Yanping Tu, a Ph.D. candidate at the Bth Schl f Business at the University f Chicag. She perfrmed the research alng with Dilip Sman, a marketing prfessr at the Rman Schl f Management at the University f Trnt. The tw researchers als fund similar results amng undergraduates and students in Nrth America.
In anther study, the researchers als fund that peple were mre likely t start wrking n a task whse deadline is in the current mnth than in the next mnth, even thugh the number f days t finish the task was the same, Ms. Tu said. Once again, this is because it manipulates ur perceptin f time by making the future deadline seem mre like the present.
When the present marches int the future, and we are cnfrnted with the wrk that ur past selves refused t d, we pay the price in unmet deadlines. S if a few little tricks can manipulate us int thinking that time is f the essence, why nt give them a try?
40. What d many peple find difficult in finishing tasks?
41. Why did the first grup f farmers finish the task while the secnd grup didn't?
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Peple were mre likely t start n a task whse deadline is in the current mnth than in the next mnth because it is mre urgent.
43. List sme f the ther ways that can help yu meet the deadline early. (In abut 40 wrds)
第二节 （20 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中提到他将来的生活，也想了解你对
大学专业的设想，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 你想选择的大学专业及原因；
2. 实现该目标的方法。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs
Li Hua