2023北京农大附中高三9月月考英语（教师版）

这是一份2023北京农大附中高三9月月考英语（教师版），共18页。试卷主要包含了5分，共15分）， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共8页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸（卡）上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸（卡）一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A Very Special Special Olympian
I am thankful t this day that I signed up vlunteering in this Special Olympics event. If I had missed the event, I wuld have missed ne f the mst unfrgettable mments that I have ever ____1____.
Standing at the finish line, I was able t witness many amazing effrts and clse races. I was mst impressed by the effrt each athlete put int his r her event. What als impressed me was the sincere ____2____ each athlete expressed while participating thugh smetimes the jy f participating in a sprting event can get ____3____ in the fierce cmpetitin f winning and lsing.
Then an amazing mment happened right befre my eyes. A grup f athletes were ____4____ up t run a shrt race. One f them was in a wheelchair, a little girl with a ____5____ smile. The gun sunded. They were ff. Runners sped up in the track with all their might. There she was, pumping her arms with all the ____6____ she had. Her effrts were getting little result, but that did nt stp her. I nticed as she gt clser that she als had an injured arm. But that did nt stp this bright star. The race was lng ver ____7____ the yung athlete kept pumping her arms. As she finally ____8____ the finish line, the nise f the crwd was thunderus. There I std cheering, with tears falling dwn my cheeks.
After all these years, I can still hear thse cheers. I grew up a lt that day because f the ____9____ f that little girl in the wheelchair. I was _____10_____ that day f a pem frm a bk that states, “Whatever yu d, d it with all yur might.”
1. A. ignredB. cntrlledC. witnessedD. imagined
2. A. jyB. beliefC. trustD. cnfidence
3. A. stuckB. increasedC. respectedD. lst
4. A. mixedB. calledC. linedD. piled
5. A. hugeB. narrwC. weakD. hard
6. A. desiresB. curageC. energyD. dreams
7.A. butB. andC. rD. s
8. A. feltB. nearedC. tkD. raised
9. A. hnestyB. braveryC. ppularityD. creativity
10. A. warnedB. persuadedC. infrmedD. reminded
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
语法填空
Sammy Armstrng was driving t his ffice when he____11____(ntice) a car was stuck n railrad tracks. Then he heard a train whistling. Sammy threw dwn his sunglasses and keys and ran tward the car. ____12____elderly man, Jean Papich, eighty-fur, sat in the driver’s seat, ____13____ (turn) the key hitting the gas. His wife, Marin, seventy-eight, was lking ____14____ (nervus) at him. Then Sammy walked tward the car and pushed it frward, but his bt slipped n the warm asphalt (沥青).
B
语法填空
I was nine when I arrived at Charltte Avenue Elementary Schl in Nashua. I barely passed the third grade and the furth grade. I ____15____(cnvince) I wasn’t “smart”. Ms. Jambard, ____16____ taught me in the fifth grade, tk an instant liking t me. Of all the ____17____(subject) in schl, reading was my favrite.
C
语法填空
Have yu ever been t Lndn? Which famus sites did yu visit? Or, if it is the first time that yu____18____ (be) there, which ne will yu check ut? Sme wrld famus ____19____ (culture) sites may already be n yur list: Buckingham Palace, Big Ben and the Lndn Twer. Hwever, a tur f Lndn wuld be incmplete ____20____ checking ut the Lndn art scene.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Planning t get away? Think passprt first
If yu’re planning t get away frm it all this year, yu shuld think passprt first. Checking yu have a valid passprt befre yu bk yur trip takes minutes but culd save yu the truble and cst f nt being able t g.
Renewing (更新) yur passprt befre it runs ut
Yu can renew yur passprt up t 9 mnths befre it can n lnger be legally used. S take the time nw and save the tears later.
Applying fr a passprt fr the first time
Our eligibility (资格) checks mean that it takes a minimum f ne week t issue (颁发) a passprt. S make sure yu dn’t leave it t the last minute, and apply in plenty f time.
Help with yur applicatin is just arund the crner
Selected Pst Office branches and Wrldchice travel agents ffer a Check and Send service that helps yu with yur applicatin. It’s cnvenient and yu shuld receive yur passprt within 2 weeks.
If yu need t apply fr r renew a passprt, yu can either:
Pick up a Passprt Applicatin Frm at Selected Pst Office branches and Wrldchice travel agents.
Or call the Applicatin Frm Request line n 0901 4700 100 r visit
If yur need is urgent, call 0870 521 0410 fr an appintment at ne f ur ffices. We can’t guarantee t see custmers withut an appintment.
Frm 14th January a guaranteed same day (passprt renewals nly) r ne week service will be available frm passprt public cunters.
*Calls will be charged 60p per minute and the cst per call shuld nt nrmally be mre than 90p.
*Calls are charged at natinal rates.
21. When applying fr a passprt fr the first time, yu need t knw that ______.
A. passprts can be legally used frever
B. passprts are issued at the last minute
C. applicatin checks take at least ne week
D. applicatins are selected by pst ffice branches
22. Accrding t the passage, yu can meet yur urgent need by ______.
A. ging t the ffices directly
B. making a call fr an appintment
C. visiting fr a guarantee
D. getting in tuch with Wrldchice travel agents
23. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Certain types f passprts.
B. Different functins f passprts.
C. Advantages f hlding passprts.
D. Instructins n applying fr passprts.
B
A Teenage Inventr
The wrld culd be ne step clser t quick and inexpensive Ebla detectin thanks t a teenager frm Cnnecticut.
Olivia Hallisey, a junir at Greenwich High Schl, was awarded $50,000 in the Ggle Science Fair fr her new methd that detects Ebla, a virus that causes bleeding frm different parts f the bdy and usually causes death. Olivia’s methd is t ask patients t put their saliva (唾液) nt a testing card. The card changes clr if the persn is catching Ebla. Present Ebla tests take up t 12 hurs and cst $1,000. Olivia’s methd, hwever, can be dne just in 30 minutes fr abut $25. Besides, the sample (样本) desn’t have t be put in a refrigeratr thanks t the silk material Olivia uses t prduce the testing cards.
Olivia was inspired t deal with this glbal prblem after watching the news that mre than 10,000 peple died frm Ebla in West Africa. She was particularly wrried abut the fact that, while the acts f invlvement can imprve survival rates, present detectin methds are cstly, time-cnsuming and require cmplex tls. Olivia gt help frm her science research teacher. She drew ut directins frm past research, and figured ut detectin systems that have prven t wrk with ther diseases, including Lyme disease and yellw fever.
“What affects ne cuntry affects everyne,” Olivia tld CNBC. “We have t wrk tgether t find answers t the huge challenges which cause harm t the glbal health.” The Cnnecticut’s teen, wh hpes t becme a dctr ne day, was named the Ggle Science Fair winner in the cmpetitin f 20 cmpetitrs frm acrss the glbe. The fair is pen t yung peple between the ages f 13 and 18 in mst cuntries.
Olivia hpes her success will inspire ther girls interested in science and cmputers. “I wuld just encurage girls t try it in the beginning, and remind them that they dn’t have t feel naturally drawn r feel like they have a special talent fr maths r science,” she tld CNBC, “but just really lk at smething they are interested in and then think hw t imprve smething r make it mre enjyable r relate it t their interests.”
24. Accrding t the passage, present Ebla detectin methds ______.
A. must use a large amunt f samples
B. may detect ther deadly viruses as well
C. have prven t be ineffective in practice
D. require samples t be kept in refrigeratrs
25. What can we learn abut Olivia’s methd?
A. Time-cnsuming.B. Cheap.
C. Cmplex.D. Out-f-date.
26. What des the underlined wrd “drawn” in Paragraph 5 prbably mean？
A. Attracted.B. Cntrlled.
C. Admitted.D. Expsed.
27. The Ggle Science Fair is intended fr ______.
A. studentsB. dctrs
C. inventrsD. scientists
C
Palaces are knwn fr their beauty and splendr, but they ffer little prtectin against attacks. It is easy t defend a large building, but usually these buildings are nt designed with the cmfrt f a king in mind. When it cmes t structures that are bth beautiful and defensive, the Eurpean castle is a big success.
Castles were riginally built in England by the Nrmans in 1066. They built twers and walls t secure the land they had taken. These castles prvided the Nrmans with a quiet and safe place. They als served as bases f peratin fr attacks. In this way castles served bth defensive and ffensive rles. Besides, castles served as ffices fr gvernrs. Thse that were scially beneath the gvernr wuld cme t reprt affairs and express their respect. They wuld address prblems, handle business, feast, and enjy festivities in castles. S castles served as scial centers as well.
The first castles were made frm earth and wd, and they were likely t suffer frm attacks by fire. Then wden castles were gradually replaced by stne, which greatly increased the strength f these twers and walls. Hwever, attackers culd thrw flaming bjects int castles thrugh the windws r burn the wden drs. This led t mving the windws and entrances ff f the grund flr and up t the first flr t make them mre difficult t access.
During the Middle Ages, attacks increased in regularity, s castle defenses were updated. Arrw-slits were added. They were small hles in the castle, which allwed defenders t fire withut being hurt. Twers were built frm which defenders culd prvide fire n bth sides. The twers were cnnected t the castle by wden bridges, s that if ne twer fell, the rest f the castle was still easy t defend. A lt f rings f castle walls were cnstructed, s that even if attackers went past ne wall, they wuld be caught n a killing grund between inner and uter walls. All f these increased the defense f castles.
The end f castles can be attributed t gunpwder. During the 15th century, artillery, a kind f large guns, became pwerful enugh t break thrugh stne walls. This greatly made the rle f castles less effective. Thugh castles n lnger serve their riginal purpses, remaining castles receive millins f visitrs each year wh wish t experience the situatins f ancient times.
28. What was the riginal functin f castles accrding t the passage?
A. They served as turist attractins.
B. They were imprtant scial centers.
C. They marked religius ceremnies.
D. They were built fr use in emergencies.
29. The reasn why wden castles were replaced by stne castles was that .
A. stne castles cst less mney
B.stne castles ffered better defense
C. wden castles were uncmfrtable
D. wden castles tk a lng time t build
30. Which f the fllwing shwed an imprvement in castle defenses?
A. Castles were ttally separated by stnes.
B. Arrw-slits were made in large quantities.
C. Rings f walls were built t defend the twers.
D. Windws and entrances were mved t the higher flr.
31.What is the best title f the passage?
A. Fancy Living: Learning abut Castles
B. Nrmans: Bringing Castles t England
C. A Histry f Castles: The Rise and Fall f Castles
D. Defending Castles: Technlgies Used t Defend Castles
D
Maths and Music
An excellent way t kill a cnversatin is t say yu are a mathematician. Tell thers yu are als a musician, hwever, and they will be hked. Althugh there are bvius similarities between mathematical and musical activity, there is n direct evidence fr the kind f magical cnnectin many peple seem t believe in.
I’m partly referring here t the “Mzart effect”, where children wh have been played Mzart cmpsitins are suppsedly mre intelligent, including at maths, than ther children. It is nt hard t see why such a thery wuld be ppular: we wuld all like t becme better at maths withut putting in any effrt. But the cnclusins f the experiment that expressed the belief in the Mzart effect were much mre mdest. If yu want yur brain t wrk better, yu clearly have t put in hard wrk. As fr learning t play the pian, it als takes effrt.
Surely a cnnectin is quite reasnable. Bth maths and music deal with abstract structures, s if yu becme gd at ne, then it is likely that yu becme gd at smething mre general that helps yu with the ther. If this is crrect, it wuld shw a cnnectin between mathematical and musical ability. It wuld be mre like the cnnectin between abilities at ftball and tennis. T becme better at ne, yu need t imprve yur fitness and crdinatin (协调). That makes yu better at sprt and prbably helps with the ther.
Abstract structures dn’t exist nly in maths and music. If yu learn a language then yu need t understand its abstract structures like grammar. Yet we dn’t hear peple asking abut a cnnectin between mathematical and linguistic (语言的) ability. Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical, s it wuldn’t be surprising that mathematicians were better at learning grammar. Music, hwever, is strngly tied up with feelings and can be enjyed even by peple wh knw little abut it. As such, it seems different frm maths, s there wuldn’t be any cnnectin between the tw.
Let’s see hw we slve prblems f the “A is t B as C is t D” kind. These appear in intelligence tests but they are als central t bth music and maths. Cnsider the pening f Mzart’s Eine Kleine Nachtmusik (小夜曲). The secnd phrase is a clear answer t the first. The listener thinks: “The first phrase ges upward and uses the ntes f a G majr chrd (和弦); what wuld be the crrespnding phrase that ges dwnward and uses the ntes f a D7?” Music is full f puzzles like this. If yu are gd at them, expectatins will cnstantly be set up in yur mind. The best mments surprise yu by being unexpected, but we need the expectatins in the first place.
32. What des the authr say abut “Mzart effect”？
A. The gal f it was nt carefully thught abut.
B. The interest peple shwed in it was unexpected.
C. The way it was carried ut prved t be ineffective.
D. The findings frm it gave peple wrng infrmatin.
33. The authr mentined ftball and tennis in Paragraph 3 t shw that ______.
A. music and maths have smething in cmmn
B. ftball and tennis are played in a similar way
C. certain skills may be develped thrugh practice
D. abstract structures bring benefits t varius fields
34. We can infer frm Paragraph 4 that ______.
A.language is less attractive t learners
B.mathematicians are gd at music learning
C. language seems mre like maths than music des
D. the structure f language is easier t learn than that f music
35. What is the writer’s main purpse in the last paragraph?
A. T prve hw music finally differs frm maths.
B. T describe the mathematical prcesses musicians may have.
C. T shw hw abstract thinking applies t bth music and maths.
D. T explain why Mzart is s highly cnsidered by mathematicians.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Gardening 380 Kilmeters abve Earth
Astrnauts have t g thrugh physical，psychlgical，and technical training.They als g thrugh training in hw t care fr plants.These“astrnaut gardeners” share their wrk and living space with plants.
Taking seeds and plants alng n a trip isn't a new idea. As space trips becme lnger, it will be necessary t grw fd in space. ___36___ Because f this，it's nt practical t send everything needed fr a lng jurney，nly t be used nce and thrwn away.
Plants can serve many uses n a space jurney.They can prvide mre fresh things.___37___Als，plants can help t make air quality better because they prduce xygen.They can imprve the quality f the air inside the spacecraft—the nly air the astrnauts can breathe.
___38___ Due t the lack f gravity in space，the xygen that the plants prduce stays arund the plants.This can actually kill them，s fans are needed t circulate the air.Withut gravity，rts dn't “knw” t grw dwn，leaves dn't “knw” t grw up，and water desn't easily travel，up the rts t the leaves，____39____ Besides，sil is t heavy，t send t space，and special liquid gels(凝胶) are used t help plant grwth.
Scientists are als wrking n the plants themselves.They are trying t make plants grw mre rapidly and grw with less water and light in space，and they are lking fr ways t make plants mre resistant t disease.___40___ Imagine that deserts may ne day prvide lts f fresh fd fr lcal peple，saving transprtatin csts.Similarly，plants that are resistant t disease culd prvide an imprtant fd supply.With the wrld's ppulatin nw at abut 7.7 billin peple，ur astrnaut gardeners may help discver ways t feed thse billins.
A. Every plant grwn in space must have several uses.
B. Hwever，there are challenges with grwing plants in space.
C. Such methds may result in imprvements back here n Earth.
D. The cst f taking anything int space is abut$22，000 per kilgram.
E. Specialized cntainers are being develped t help the plants grw crrectly.
F. Astrnauts will welcme the additin f fruits and vegetables t their diet f dry fds.
G. Currently all xygen is taken abard in tanks.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Yu are watching yur favrite TV shw when a cmmercial break starts. First yu see an ad fr candy. Then there is ne fr fast fd. Yur stmach grwls. Suddenly, all yu can think abut is hw much yu need a snack.
If that sunds familiar, yu are nt alne. Researchers frm McMaster University in Canada studied the effects f junk fd ad. The researchers examined the effects f advertising junk fd n mre than 6000kids thrugh TV cmmercials and ther types f media. They fund that kids made unhealthy fd and drink chicesas quickly as 30 minutes after seeing the ads.
“There is t much unhealthy fd advertising ut there,” Says Behnam Sadeghirad. He’s ne f the researchers wh led the study. “This is dangerus fr yunger children.”
Fd and drink ads are everywhere frm TV t the Internet. Cmpanies want t make sure yu knw abut their prducts. They spend nearly 1.8 billin a year n fd ads aimed at kids accrding t a reprt.
The Nielsen Cmpany tracked the number f fd ads that kids saw in 2015. It fund that kids watched nearly 12 fd ads n TV each day. Mst f these ads weren’t fr health y fds. In fact, n average. kids saw nly ne ad per week fr fruits and vegetables. Instead, mst f the ads were fr fast fd, candy and sugary drinks.
Jennifer Harris, a prfessr at the University f Cnnecticut, says this is a big part f the prblem. “Unhealthy fds are nt things we shuld be encuraging kids t eat mre ften”. Harris says. “But unfrtunately thse are the prducts being advertised t them the mst”.
Health experts say it’s OK t treat yurself t a ckie nce in a while. But what can yu d t keep frm having an unhealthy snack every time yu see an ad fr junk fd? Harris says it’s imprtant t learn t spt the techniques cmpanies use in their ads, tell their kids what is ging n and help kids think abut whether these prducts are gd fr them.
41. What did researchers frm MaMaster University find?
____________________________________________________________________
42. What d the findings f the Nielsen Cmpany suggest?
____________________________________________________________________
43. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
T avid negative impacts f advertisements fr unhealthy fd, parents shuld keep their kids frm watching these kinds f advertisements.
____________________________________________________________________
44. Please briefly describe what yu can d t reduce the negative impact f advertising n yur life.
____________________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
45. 假设你是农大附中高三学生李华。你的美国笔友Peter得知你即将进入高三，想要了解些你的近况：请回邮件向他做具体介绍，内容包括：
1.对高三生活既兴奋又紧张
2.具体介绍学习与生活计划
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者参加特殊奥运会志愿者活动时的经历。作者在终点站看到了许多令人惊叹的努力和势均力敌的比赛，他被每位运动员在参赛中表达的真诚所打动，尤其是其中一位坐在轮椅上的小女孩，虽然受伤，她也用尽全力完成比赛，最终获得了观众的掌声。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我错过了这个活动，我就错过了我所见证过的最难忘的时刻之一。A. ignred忽视；B. cntrlled控制；C. witnessed目睹；D. imagined想象。根据前文“ne f the mst unfrgettable mments”可知，如果作者那天没有参加这个志愿者活动，作者就会错过了自己所见证过的最难忘的时刻之一。故选C。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我印象深刻的是每个运动员在参加比赛时所表现出的真诚的快乐，尽管有时参加体育比赛的快乐会在激烈的输赢竞争中消失。A. jy快乐；B. belief信念；C. trust信任；D. cnfidence自信。根据后文“smetimes the jy”可知，让作者印象深刻的是他们所表现出的真诚的快乐。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我印象深刻的是每个运动员在参加比赛时所表现出的真诚的快乐，尽管有时参加体育比赛的快乐会在激烈的输赢竞争中消失。A. stuck黏住；B. increased增加；C. respected尊敬；D. lst失去。根据“thugh”可知，前后两个句子构成转折关系，即每个运动员参加比赛时会表现出真诚的快乐，可是这种快乐有时会在激烈的输赢竞争中消失。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一群运动员排着队进行短距离赛跑。A. mixed混合；B. called被称为；C. lined排成一行；D. piled堆积。根据“A grup f athletes”可知，在赛场上一群运动员排成一行进行短距离赛跑。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中一个坐在轮椅上，是个笑容灿烂的小女孩。A. huge巨大的；B. narrw狭窄的；C. weak薄弱的；D. hard困难的。根据后文“There she was, pumping her arms with all the ____6____ she had.”可知，该女孩积极地参加比赛，用尽力气进行比赛，因此她笑容灿烂，脸上洋溢着大大的微笑。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她就在那儿，用尽全身力气挥动着双臂。A. desires欲望；B. curage勇气；C. energy力气；D. dreams梦想。根据后文“pumping her arms”可知，女孩用尽全身力气挥动着双臂。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：比赛早就结束了，但这位年轻运动员仍在挥动双臂。A. but但是；B. and和；C. r或者；D. s所以。前后两句构成转折关系，用but表示虽然比赛已经结束了，可是女孩依旧在挥舞双臂继续坚持。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她终于接近终点线时，人群中发出了雷鸣般的声音。A. felt感受到；B. neared接近；C. tk拿；D. raised提高。根据前文“the yung athlete kept pumping her arms”可知，女孩依旧奋力地挥舞双臂，继续坚持比赛，因此靠近终点线。故选B。
【9题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为那个坐在轮椅上的小女孩的勇敢，那天我成长了很多。A. hnesty诚实；B. bravery勇敢；C. ppularity受欢迎；D. creativity创造力。根据前文“I nticed as she gt clser that she als had an injured arm. But that did nt stp this bright star.”可知，当她走近时，作者注意到女孩的手臂也受伤了，但这并没有阻止女孩拼尽全力，可知此处体现了小女孩的勇敢，正是这种勇敢让作者成长了许多。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，我想起了一本书中的一首诗：“无论做什么，都要全力以赴。”A. warned警告；B. persuaded说服；C. infrmed通知；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“f a pem”可知，作者想起了一首诗。故选D。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
【答案】11. nticed
12. An 13. tuning
14. nervusly
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了萨米·阿姆斯特朗在开车去办公室的途中帮助他人的故事。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：萨米·阿姆斯特朗开车去办公室时，发现一辆汽车卡在了铁轨上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的was driving以及句意可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填nticed。
【12题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一位84岁的老人让·帕皮奇坐在驾驶座上，转动钥匙，踩着油门。分析句子，句中man为可数名词，此处表示“一个”，应用不定冠词。elderly是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词an，置于句首，首字母大写。故填An。
【13题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一位84岁的老人让·帕皮奇坐在驾驶座上，转动钥匙，踩着油门。句中sat为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，turn与逻辑主语Jean Papich之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填turning。
【14题详解】
考查副词。句意：他78岁的妻子马里昂正紧张地看着他。分析句子，设空处使用nervus的副词nervusly作状语，修饰动词lking，意为“紧张地”。故填nervusly。
【答案】15. was cnvinced
16. wh 17. subjects
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在纳舒厄的夏洛特大道小学读书时的经历。
【15题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：我确信我不“聪明”。分析句子可知，设空处使用动词作谓语，cnvince“使确信”和主语I之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，短文讲述的是作者过去的经历，应用一般过去时，且主语为I，be动词应用was。故填was cnvinced。
【16题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在五年级教我的贾姆巴德女士立刻就喜欢上了我。分析句子可知，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Ms. Jambard，为人，引导词在从句中作主语，因此应用关系代词wh作引导词。故填wh。
【17题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在学校所有的科目中，阅读是我的最爱。分析句子可知，设空处作宾语，结合空前的all the可知，此处表示复数意义，subject应用复数形式。故填subjects。
【答案】18. have been
19. cultural
20. withut
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文叙述了作者对伦敦旅行的经历或计划，提到了伦敦的著名景点和文化场所，包括白金汉宫、大本钟和伦敦塔，并强调了探索伦敦艺术场景的重要性。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：或者，如果这是你第一次去那里，你会去哪一家？分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中it is the first time that+现在完成时为固定句型，意为“某人第一次做某事”。故填have been。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一些世界著名的文化遗址可能已经在你的名单上了：白金汉宫、大本钟和伦敦塔。分析句子，设空处使用culture的形容词cultural作定语，修饰名词sites，意为“文化的”。故填cultural。
【20题详解】
考查介词。句意：然而，如果不看看伦敦的艺术场景，伦敦之旅将是不完整的。分析句子，设空处使用介词与后文的动名词checking ut the Lndn art scene作状语。此处表示“没有”用withut。故填withut。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D
【导语】本文一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了申请护照时的一些注意事项和相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Applying fr a passprt fr the first time部分中“Our eligibility (资格) checks mean that it takes at least ne week t issue (颁发) a passprt.”(我们的资格审查意味着签发护照至少需要一周的时间。)可知，你需要知道，当你第一次申请护照时，申请审核至少需要一个星期。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“If yur need is urgent, call 0870 521 0410 fr an appintment at ne f ur ffices.”（如有紧急需要，请致电0870 521 0410到我们的办事处预约）可知，你可以通过打电话预约来满足你的紧急需要。故选B。
【23题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“If yu’re planning t get away frm it all this year, yu shuld think passprt first. Checking yu have a valid passprt befre yu bk yur trip takes minutes but culd save yu the truble and cst f nt being able t g.”（如果你打算今年远离尘烟，你应该先考虑护照。在你预定行程前检查你的有效护照需要几分钟，但可以为你省去无法前往的麻烦和费用。）以及下文的具体说明可知，本文讲述的是关于申请护照须知。故选D。
【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一名青少年发明家。多亏了来自康涅狄格州的一名青少年，我们的世界离快速、廉价的埃博拉检测又近了一步。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The card changes clr if the persn is catching Ebla. Present Ebla tests take up t 12 hurs and cst $1,000. Olivia’s methd, hwever, can be dne just in 30 minutes fr abut $25. Besides, the sample (样本) desn’t have t be put in a refrigeratr thanks t the silk material Olivia uses t prduce the testing cards.( 如果该人正在捕捉埃博拉，则该卡会改变颜色。目前的埃博拉测试耗时12小时，成本为1000美元。然而，奥利维亚的方法只需30分钟，成本约为25美元。此外，由于奥利维亚使用丝绸材料制作测试卡，样品无需放入冰箱。)”可知，目前的埃博拉检测方法要求样本保存在冰箱中。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The card changes clr if the persn is catching Ebla. Present Ebla tests take up t 12 hurs and cst $1,000. Olivia’s methd, hwever, can be dne just in 30 minutes fr abut $25.( 如果该人正在捕捉埃博拉，则该卡会改变颜色。目前的Ebla测试耗时12小时，成本为1000美元。然而，奥利维亚的方法仅需30分钟，成本约为25美元。)”可知，我们从Olivia的方法中得知它是“便宜的”。故选B。
【26题详解】
词义猜测题。根据最后一段“r feel like they have a special talent fr maths r science.” (或者觉得自己在数学或科学方面有特殊天赋。)”可推知，他们不必觉得自己在数学或科学方面有特殊天赋或者觉得自己天生有吸引力。由此推断划线词的意思是“吸引”。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Olivia Hallisey, a junir at Greenwich High Schl, was awarded $50,000 in the Ggle Science Fair fr her new methd that detects Ebla(格林威治高中三年级学生Olivia Hallisey因其检测埃博拉的新方法在谷歌科学博览会上获得了5万美元的奖金)”根据第四段“The fair is pen t yung peple between the ages f 13 and 18 in mst cuntries.”（该博览会对大多数国家13至18岁的年轻人开放。）可知，谷歌科学博览会是为学生准备的。故选A。
【答案】28. B 29. B 30. D 31. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述城堡的历史。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“S castles served as scial centers as well.(所以城堡也是社会中心)”可知，城堡最初的功能是它们是重要的社会中心。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Then wden castles were gradually replaced by stne, which greatly increased the strength f these twers and walls.(后来，木制城堡逐渐被石头取代，这大大提高了这些塔和墙的强度)”可推知，木头城堡被石头城堡取代的原因是石头城堡提供了更好的防御。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“This led t mving the windws and entrances ff f the grund flr and up t the first flr t make them mre difficult t access.(这导致窗户和入口从一楼移动到一楼，使其更难进入)”可知，窗户和入口被移到较高的楼层显示城堡防御有改进。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“When it cmes t structures that are bth beautiful and defensive, the Eurpean castle is a big success.(当谈到既美观又防御性的建筑时，欧洲城堡是一个巨大的成功)”再结合最后一段“The end f castles can be attributed t gunpwder(城堡的灭亡可以归因于火药)”可知，本文讲述的是城堡的兴衰。故选C。
【答案】32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章谈论的是数学和音乐之间的关系。虽然数学活动和音乐活动之间有明显的相似之处，但并没有直接证据证明许多人似乎相信的那种神奇联系。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中But the cnclusins f the experiment that expressed the belief in the Mzart effect were much mre mdest. If yu want yur brain t wrk better, yu clearly have t put in hard wrk. As fr learning t play the pian, it als takes effrt.可知，作者说“莫扎特效应”的研究结果给人们提供了错误的信息。故选D.
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Bth maths and music deal with abstract structures, s if yu becme gd at ne, then it is likely that yu becme gd at smething mre general that helps yu with the ther. If this is crrect, it wuld shw a cnnectin between mathematical and musical ability. It wuld be mre like the cnnectin between abilities at ftball and tennis.可知，作者在第三段提到足球和网球是为了说明音乐和数学有一些共同之处。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical, s it wuldn’t be surprising that mathematicians were better at learning grammar. Music, hwever, is strngly tied up with feelings and can be enjyed even by peple wh knw little abut it. As such, it seems different frm maths, s there wuldn’t be any cnnectin between the tw.可知，我们可以从第4段推断，语言看起来更像数学而不是音乐。故选C。
【35题详解】
目的意图题。根据第四段中Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical, s it wuldn’t be surprising that mathematicians were better at learning grammar. Music, hwever, is strngly tied up with feelings and can be enjyed even by peple wh knw little abut it. As such, it seems different frm maths, s there wuldn’t be any cnnectin between the tw.可知，作者在最后一段的主要目的是展示抽象思维如何应用于音乐和数学。故选C。
【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第1小题，根据第二段中But the cnclusins f the experiment that expressed the belief in the Mzart effect were much mre mdest. If yu want yur brain t wrk better, yu clearly have t put in hard wrk. As fr learning t play the pian, it als takes effrt.可知，作者说“莫扎特效应”的研究结果给人们提供了错误的信息。故选D.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分）
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. B 39. E 40. C
【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了宇航员在太空种植的原因和好处以及种植方法。
【36题详解】
空后是说将所有需要的东西带上太空是不切合实际的；据此可推知，空处应是介绍空后一句的原因；D项“带任何东西到太空的花费大约是每千克22000美元”符合语境。故选D项。
【37题详解】
根据空前一句可知，植物可以为宇航员提供新鲜的东西；根据空后一句可知，植物还可以改善太空站的空气质量，因为其可以产生氧气；据此可推知，空处应是介绍太空种植植物的好处，即宇航员也喜欢在他们的干粮中有新鲜的果蔬食物，F项正确。故选F项。
【38题详解】
上文介绍了太空种植的好处，即为宇航员提供新鲜的果蔬、改善太空站的空气质量等；结合下文可知，种植太空果蔬有一定的困难；据此可知，空处承上启下，与上文形成转折关系，B项“然而在太空中种植作物存在不少挑战”正确。故选B项
【39题详解】
根据上文可知，在失重的情况下，植物的根和叶不知道如何生长，水分也不容易从根部传到叶子上；而空后一句介绍了关于土壤的解决方法；据此可推知，空处应是介绍解决上述问题的方法，E项“正在研制专门的容器去帮助植物正确地生长”符合语境。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据空前一句可知，科学家们正在寻找各种让植物少使用水，在太空快速生长，而且可以抵抗病害的方法；且下文又提到改良后的植物对地球的影响；据此可推知，空处应是说明这些方法可以在地球上运用以带来改善，C项正确。故选C项。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）
【答案】41. They fund that kids made unhealthy fd and drink chices as quickly as 30 minutes after seeing the advertisements.
42. It’s hard t avid seeing junk fd ads n TV.
43. T avid negative impacts f advertisements fr unhealthy fd, parents shuld keep their kids frm watching this kinds f advertisements.
Because accrding t the passage, t avid negative impacts fr unhealthy fd, parents shuld learn t spt the techniques cmpanies use their ads, tell their kids what is ging n and help kids think abut whether these prducts are gd fr them.
44. Thinking twice with a critical mind allw me t be less affected by the advertisements. When seeing an advertisement, I always think abut whether I really need this prduct. Befre purchasing smething, I will gt t knw a prduct well rather than blindly buy it. Als I will ask my parents fr sme practical advice.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章讨论了儿童接触垃圾食品广告带来的影响。研究发现，儿童在观看广告后30分钟内会快速做出不健康的食品和饮料选择。专家建议，人们要学会识别广告中的技巧，并教育儿童思考这些产品是否对他们有益。
【41题详解】
考查细节理解题。根据第二段中“They fund that kids made unhealthy fd and drink chicesas quickly as 30 minutes after seeing the ads.(他们发现，孩子们在看到广告后30分钟内就做出了不健康的食品和饮料选择。)”可知，研究发现，儿童在观看广告后30分钟内会快速做出不健康的食品和饮料选择。故答案为They fund that kids made unhealthy fd and drink chices as quickly as 30 minutes after seeing the advertisements。
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段中“The Nielsen Cmpany tracked the number f fd ads that kids saw in 2015. It fund that kids watched nearly 12 fd ads n TV each day. Mst f these ads weren’t fr health y fds. (尼尔森公司追踪了2015年孩子们看到的食品广告数量。研究发现，孩子们每天在电视上看近12个食品广告。这些广告中的大多数都不是健康食品。)”可知，通过尼尔森公司的调查发现孩子们每天在电视上看近12个食品广告。这些广告中的大多数都不是健康食品，由此推断，很难避免在电视上看到垃圾食品广告。故答案为The finding suggests it’s hard t avid seeing junk fd ads n TV.
【43题详解】
考查细节理解。题干中“T avid negative impacts f advertisements fr unhealthy fd, parents shuld keep their kids frm watching these kinds f advertisements.(为了避免不健康食品广告的负面影响，父母应该阻止他们的孩子看这类广告。)”可知，本句表述的是为了避免不健康食物广告带来的影响，父母应该阻止孩子们看这类广告。根据最后一段中“Harris says it’s imprtant t learn t spt the techniques cmpanies use in their ads, tell their kids what is ging n and help kids think abut whether these prducts are gd fr them.( 哈里斯说，重要的是要学会发现公司在广告中使用的技术，告诉他们的孩子正在发生什么，并帮助孩子思考这些产品是否对他们有益。)”可知，题干中的“Keep their kids frm watching this kinds f advertisements.(不要让他们的孩子看这种广告。)”与原文信息不符，文章表述的是为了避免不健康食物广告带来负面影响，家长们要学会发现公司在广告中使用的技术，告诉他们的孩子正在发生什么，并帮助孩子思考这些产品是否对他们有益。故答案为：T avid negative impacts f advertisements fr unhealthy fd, parents shuld keep their kids frm watching these kinds f advertisements. Because accrding t the passage, t avid negative impacts fr unhealthy fd, parents shuld learn t spt the techniques cmpanies use their ads, tell their kids what is ging n and help kids think abut whether these prducts are gd fr them.
【44题详解】
考查开放性试题。根据题干“Please briefly describe what yu can d t reduce the negative impact f advertising n yur life. (请简要描述你能做些什么来减少广告对你生活的负面影响)”可知，这是一道开放性试题，结合个人实际以及生活实际，言之有理即可。对待问题这样的问题要三思而后行，形成批判性思维而少受广告的影响。首先，当看到一个广告时，要考虑自己是否真的需要该产品；其次，在购买之前应该先了解一件产品，而不是盲目购买；最后，也可以询问父母一些实用的建议。故答案为：Thinking twice with a critical mind allw me t be less affected by the advertisements. When seeing an advertisement, I always think abut whether I really need this prduct. Befre purchasing smething, I will gt t knw a prduct well rather than blindly buy it. Als I will ask my parents fr sme practical advice.
第二节（20分）
45. 【答案】Dear Peter,
Thank yu s much fr yur letter. As yu knw, it’s ging t be my senir year in high schl pretty sn. I’m very excited abut it, hping it will be an enjyable experience thrugh my effrt. Meanwhile, the feeling f wrry als fill in my heart, fr I am weak in sme subjects. S my plan abut my study and life is as fllws.
Fr me, I was pr in physics and chemistry. S I am determined t take mre effrt in learning the tw subjects. In additin, I’m wrrying abut the test f listening and speaking English. I’m kind f left behind by my classmates and, t be hnest with yu, I dn’t feel satisfied with my scre. I plan t wrk n it and study harder in the next several mnths, hping I’d be able t catch up with thers befre the exam. As fr my life in senir grade three, I hpe t take part in mre utdr activities such as swimming, riding bikes and being a vlunteer in envirnmental prtectin. I believe my life culd be clrful and fruitful.
Hw abut yur recent life? Hpe t receive yur reply sn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你即将进入高三，要求考生给美国笔友Peter写信，告知他高中生活的近况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激动的：excited→thrilled
同时：meanwhile → at the same time
此外：in additin→ what’s mre
参加：take part in→ participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Fr me, I was pr in physics and chemistry. S I am determined t take mre effrt in learning the tw subjects.
拓展句：Fr me, because I was pr in physics and chemistry, I am determined t take mre effrt in learning the tw subjects.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As yu knw, it’s ging t be my senir year in high schl pretty sn. （运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m very excited abut it, hping it will be an enjyable experience thrugh my effrt. （运用了现在分词作状语，省略that引导的宾语从句）