2025版高考英语一轮复习新题精练专题一阅读理解考点3理解词汇课件

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习新题精练专题一阅读理解考点3理解词汇课件，共15页。

过考点　考点突破分类强化Passage 1话题:助农惠农　　主题语境:人与社会　　词数:约310　　难度:★★★☆☆　　社会热点[2023山东济南学情检测]Lam Hn-ming, directr f the State Key Labratry at the Chinese University f Hng Kng, is a tp expert in sybean (大豆) research. Since 1998, Lam’s team has been cperating with scientists in Chinese mainland. In 2010, he came acrss Zhang Guhng, an agricultural expert frm Gansu, China, at a natinal sybean cnference. With the same majr, they hit it ff and decided t imprve farmers’ lives and prmte lcal agriculture.Farmers in Gansu depend largely n the weather fr their livelihd, mainly n rainfall, which is als a cause f severe prness in the area. In 2016, they develped three new sybean varieties suited t salty sil and rare rainfall f Nrthwest China. All received fficial gvernment apprval.As the land in Nrthwest China is nt suitable fr the grwth f cmmn varieties f sybeans, lcal farmers never planted sybeans, and it became a majr prblem fr spreading new sybeans. Lam and Zhang increased cmmunicatin with farmers thrugh varius ways. T ensure farmers’ incme, Lam struck a partnership with a Hng Kng fd cmpany that will purchase all sybeans at market price when they are harvested.By 2020, the planting area f the three apprved sybeans in Gansu had gne beynd 2.4 millin square kilmeters, cvering 46 f the prvince’s 80-plus cunties, and the utput had reached 7.71 millin kilgrams, adding abut 30 millin yuan t lcal farmers’ incme.
Zhang said that Prfessr Lam’s cntributin has greatly pushed the prness relief and agricultural research in Nrthwest China. "It is hard t keep ding agricultural research with less funding. And it is mre difficult t travel frm Hng Kng t the pr areas f the Nrthwest t d agricultural research," he added. In the future, Lam will cntinue t wrk with mainland scientists and lead mre "Hng Kng pwer" int the develpment f the cuntry’s Nrthwest.1What can we knw abut the tw scientists frm Paragraph 1?A.They have been friends since 1998.B.They bth majr in nce served in the same lab.D.They met by chance in Hng Kng.2What des the underlined wrd "it" in Paragraph 3 refer t?A.Rainfall is nt enugh.B.The lcals lived a pr land is rich in nutritin.D.The farmers never planted sybeans.3What des Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?A.Mre wrk needs t be dne.B.All farmers becme better- tw scientists are successful.D.Sybeans grw thrughut Gansu.4Which f the fllwing can best describe Lam Hn-ming?A.Dependent.D.Devted.
【解析】 香港中文大学国家重点实验室主任林汉明和甘肃的农业专家张国宏通过自己的研究成果帮助甘肃农民改善生活,推动甘肃当地农业发展。1.B　理解具体信息　根据第一段中的"Lam Hn- (大豆) research""In the same majr, they hit it ff and decided t imprve farmers’ lives and prmte lcal agriculture"可知,林汉明是大豆研究的顶级专家。2010年,他在一次全国大豆会议上偶遇了来自甘肃的农业专家张国宏,他们两位专业相同。据此可知,这两位科学家都主修农业。2.D　理解词汇(代词指代)　根据第三段画线词所在句"As the new sybeans"可知,由于中国西北地区的土地不适合种植普通大豆品种,当地农民从不种植大豆,这成为推广新大豆的一大难题。it指代上文的当地农民从不种植大豆这种情况,故选D。3.C　理解主旨要义(段落大意)　根据第四段的内容可知,截至2020年,三批被批准的大豆在甘肃的种植面积超过240万平方公里,覆盖全省80多个县中的46个,产量达到771万公斤,为当地农民增加收入约3 000万元。据此可知,该段主要告诉我们两位科学家成功了。4.D　推断(人物特征)　根据最后一段可知,林教授的贡献极大地推动了中国西北地区的扶贫和农业研究。尽管资金减少、进行农业研究很困难,但是林教授将继续与内地科学家合作,带领更多的"香港力量"参与中国西北地区的开发。据此可推知,林汉明具有奉献精神。
【二次精读】　　核心单词:agricultural adj. 农业的　cnference n. (大型、正式的)会议,研讨会　apprval n. 同意,赞成;批准　utput n. 产量;输出核心短语:cme acrss偶遇;留下印象　varieties f各种各样的
Passage 2话题:送毛绒玩具给老人　　主题语境:人与社会　　词数:约350　　难度:★★★☆☆　　[2023河北石家庄质检(二)]Every hliday seasn, Patricia Gallagher fills her car with stuffed animals and drives arund Philadelphia. She gives them nt t kids but t senirs.Patricia’s hliday traditin started in 2009. "I just gt this idea f calling tw nursing hmes at randm and asking if I culd cme and read bks n New Year’s day, "she said. She brught sme f her kids’ stuffed animals fr the senirs t hld while she read. "But when I went t gather them and take them back t g t the next nursing hme, nbdy wanted t give up their stuffed animals," she added. It was then and there that she realized the pwer f a simple hliday gift.Patricia wanted t cntinue her traditin f giving, s she put an ad nline, asking fr gently used stuffed animals. In her first tw years f cllecting, she received mre than 11,000 dnated stuffed animals. She said smetimes lcal schls wuld hld stuffed animal cllectins n her behalf, r a child wh utgrew their tys wuld dnate. After receiving t many, Patricia started capping hw many she wuld cllect at a time, and said she culd nly take in abut 250 stuffed animals each week during the hliday seasn. Then, she tk them t nursing hmes."The elderly want stuffed animals nt nly fr cmfrt, but als because they were cnversatin starters and reminded them f their childhd, "she said. And she recalled ne man said, "Yu knw, I never wanted t g t schl. And my father said if I wuld g that day, he wuld take me t the Brklyn Z. And yu knw what? This was the first animal I saw there and it lked just like this giraffe."
Spreading jy isn’t just a hliday pastime fr Patricia. She is als knwn as the "Happy Flwer Lady" arund Philadelphia, because she cllects ld flwers frm stres and gives them t anyne wh needs a pick-me-up."When yu give, yu really d get mre back," Patricia said." Every mrning, whether it’s the flwers r the stuffed animals, I have a purpse."1Why did Patricia g t the nursing hmes in 2009?A.T send gifts t the read stries t the get ver her give away her kids' tys.2What des the underlined wrd "capping" in paragraph 3 mean?A.Limiting. can we learn frm paragraph 4?A.Senirs lve gd ld animals have healing effects n makes senirs animals have mre than ne functin.
4What des Patricia think f her giving experiences?A.Rewarding.D.Tugh.
【解析】 Patricia Gallagher收集毛绒玩具或者花,送给老人或者需要提神的人。1.B　理解具体信息　根据第二段Patricia Gallagher的话"I just gt this idea f calling tw nursing hmes at randm and asking if I culd cme and read bks n New Year’s day"可知,Patricia Gallagher有了个主意,想随便给两家养老院打电话,问问她能不能在新年那天去给老人们读书。由此可知,2009年Patricia去养老院的目的是给老人们读书。故选B项。2.A　理解词汇(单词)　根据第三段画线词后的内容"she culd nly take in abut 250 stuffed animals each week during the hliday seasn"可知,在收到太多毛绒玩具后,Patricia开始限制每次收集的毛绒玩具的数量。故画线词的意思是"限制",与A项意义一致。3.D　推断　根据第四段中的"The elderly want stuffed animals nt nly fr cmfrt, but als because they were cnversatin starters"可知,老年人想要毛绒玩具不仅是为了得到安慰,而且还因为它们能成为聊天的话题。由此可知,毛绒玩具有不止一种功能。故选D项。4.A　理解观点、态度　根据最后一段Patricia说的话"When yu give, yu really d get mre back"可知,当付出的时候,真的会得到更多的回报。由此可知,Patricia认为她的赠送经历是有意义的。故选A项。entertaining"有趣的";timely"及时的";tugh"艰难的"。
【二次精读】　　核心单词:senir n. 老年人　utgrw v. 因长大而不再……;因长大而不适用……　recall v. 回忆起,回想起核心短语:at randm 随便地;随机　n sb.'s behalf代表某人　take in吸入;接收
Passage 3话题:查尔斯·达尔文签名的手稿　　主题语境:人与社会　　词数:约325　　难度:★★★☆☆　　[2023山东枣庄模考(二)]An extremely rare manuscript(手稿) signed by British naturalist and bilgist Charles Darwin is expected t fetch up t $800,000 at a Stheby’s auctin next mnth. The dcument cntains a passage frm the famus 1859 wrk On the Origin f Species, in which Darwin put frth his thery f evlutin.The dcument was nce thught t be a deserted page frm an earlier manuscript f the wrk. But experts nw understand it was written in 1865 and sent t the editr f the Autgraphic Mirrr wh had requested a signed writing sample frm Darwin."While sme f Darwin's ntes and manuscript pages have survived ver the last hundred r mre years, he was knwn t keep revising his publicatins, ften thrwing away pages frm wrking drafts as waste paper, making them extremely rare," Stheby's said in a statement.On the Origin f Species was vted the mst influential academic bk f all time in a public pll held during Academic Bk Week in 2015. The bk ffers Darwin's revlutinary idea that species evlve ver generatins in the prcess f natural selectin.Darwin backed up his thery with evidence cllected during his 1831-1836 vyage n the HMS Beagle, during which he bserved and cllected specimens(标本) frm a number f species. On the Galapags Islands ff the cast f Ecuadr, Darwin nted that the finches(雀) n the island were similar t finches n the mainland; hwever, the availability f different fds in each area had led t differences in beak shapes. 
The manuscript will be placed n display at Stheby’s in New Yrk between Oct.30 and Nv.8, and nline bids will be accepted between Nv.25 and Dec.9. The auctin huse estimates that the dcument will fetch between $600, 000 and $800, 000.The auctin, which is titled Age f Wnder, will als include a first editin f On the Origin f Species and a cpy f scientific paper by Darwin and anther naturalist.1What d we knw abut the manuscript?A.It’s a page f On the Origin f Species.B.It’s a draft f Darwin’s scientific ’s a signed writing sample t an editr.D.It’s waste paper frm Darwin’s study.2What makes Darwin’s On the Origin f Species the mst influential academic bk?A.The rare manuscript.B.His adventure n the methds f research.D.His thery f evlutin.3What des the underlined phrase "backed up" mean in Paragraph 5?A.supprtedD.created4What is the purpse f the auctin?A.T put the manuscript n sale.B.T display Darwin’s vte the best academic bks.D.T release a new discvery.
【解析】 本文是一篇新闻报道,介绍了一份由英国博物学家、生物学家查尔斯·达尔文签名的极其罕见的手稿预计将在下个月的苏富比拍卖会上拍出800 000美元。1.C　理解具体信息　根据第二段中的"But experts nw understand it was written in 1865 and sent t the editr f the Autgraphic Mirrr wh had requested a signed writing sample frm Darwin"可知,专家们现在知道,这份手稿写于1865年,被寄给了Autgraphic Mirrr的编辑,他曾向达尔文索要一份签名的写作样本。因此,这份手稿是一份给编辑的签名的写作样本。故选C。2.D　理解具体信息　根据第四段"On the Origin f Species was vted the mst influential academic bk f all bk ffers Darwin’s revlutinary idea that species evlve ver generatins in the prcess f natural selectin"可知,在2015年学术图书周期间举行的公众投票中,《物种起源》被评为有史以来最具影响力的学术书籍。这本书提出了达尔文的革命性观点,即物种在自然选择的过程中世代进化。由此可知,达尔文的进化论使他的《物种起源》成为最有影响力的学术著作。故选D。3.A　理解词汇(短语)　根据第五段的"Darwin backed up his thery with evidence cllected during his 1831-1836 vyage n the HMS Beagle, during which he bserved and cllected specimens(标本) frm a number f species"和语境及常识可知,达尔文观察和收集物种标本来支持自己的理论。画线短语与supprt的意思相近。故选A。4.A　理解具体信息　根据第一段中的"An extremely rare manuscript(手稿) signed by British naturalist and bilgist Charles Darwin is expected t fetch up t $800,000 at a Stheby’s auctin next mnth"可知,拍卖的目的是将手稿出售。故选A。
Passage 4话题:无人机给生活带来便利　　主题语境:人与社会　　词数:约325　　难度:★★★★☆　　科技创新[2023吉林省吉林市三调]Technlgy is develping by leaps and bunds. Small devices such as a smartphne nw have mre prcessing pwer than rckets t the Mn nce had. New tech brings many advantages, making ur lives easier and pening up new pprtunities. One piece f kit that’s been really taking ff recently is the drne. This piltless mini aircraft, riginally develped fr aerial(从飞机上的) phtgraphy and warfare, is nw bringing us benefits clser t hme. In the last few years, tech cmpanies have prmised us delivery drnes—bringing gds t ur drsteps in a matter f minutes. While prgress in develping them has been slw, drnes are becming mre and mre invlved in ur life. Drnes are helping t cnnect with and enhance the lives f peple in remte lcatins. In the UK, the Ryal Mail wants a fleet f 500 drnes t help deliver the mail t faraway cmmunities. Windracers, the cmpany develping the drnes, say they can fly in fg and prduce 30% fewer emissins than cmparable pilted aircrafts. And in Cventry in the UK, cnstructin has started n an air center, which will act as a base fr plice and delivery drnes. Urban-Air Prt Limited is wrking with car-maker Hyundai n the mini-airprt, knwn as a skyprt.Drnes can als play a part in imprving the health f millins f peple. Fr example, an incredible develpment prject by the University f Suth Australia is fr drnes t eventually be able t survey ppulatins fr disease by reading the bld xygen levels f humans frm the air. They'll als be able t scan fr ther vital signs, like cughing and a high temperature.
It seems that the sky is the limit fr what drne technlgy can achieve. The nly thing that smetimes keeps it frm wrking is regulatin. Jessica Brwn says: "If ur skies are t becme as crwded as ur streets, airspace rules need updating t prevent accidents."1What des the underlined sentence indicate?A.A smartphne is mre advanced than rckets.B.The rckets t the Mn are very is prgressing very rapidly.D.Technlgy is widely used in daily life.2What d we knw abut drnes accrding t the passage?A.They were initially develped fr bringing ’ve imprved peple's life quality in remte dn’t cause any pllutin t the can examine and treat sme diseases frm the air.3What des Jessica Brwn mean?A.The develpment f drnes is quite prmising.B.It’s a pity that drnes are limited t the will be likely t cause sme accidents.D.Sme latest laws are needed t regulate drnes.4Which is the mst suitable title fr the passage?A.Drnes Are Delivering Benefits Clser t HmeB.Develping Drnes Is Facing Many ChallengesC.Drnes Are Currently Bming in Every FieldD.Cmpanies Are Cmpeting t Develp Drnes
【解析】 本文主要介绍了无人机越来越多地参与到人们的生活中,给普通人的生活带来了便利。1.C　理解句意　画线句的意思是"现在,像智能手机这样的小设备的处理能力比曾经发射到月球的火箭还要强",画线句的前一句"Technlgy is develping by leaps and bunds"说的是,技术正在突飞猛进地发展。那么,作者用这句话来说明科技在迅速发展,故选C。2.B　理解具体信息　根据第二段中的"Drnes are helping t cnnect with and enhance the lives f peple in remte lcatins"可知,无人机改善了偏远地区人们的生活质量。故选B。3.D　推断　根据最后一段中的"It seems that the sky is the limit fr what drne technlgy can achieve. The nly thing that smetimes keeps it frm wrking is regulatin"和Jessica Brwn所说的话可知,似乎无人机技术什么都能达到。有时阻碍它发挥作用的唯一因素是监管。Jessica Brwn认为,如果我们的天空变得像我们的街道一样拥挤,空域规则需要更新,以防止事故发生。也就是说,Jessica Brwn的意思是需要一些最新的法律来规范无人机。故选D。4.A　理解主旨要义(标题判断)　根据第一段中的"One piece f kit that’s been really taking ff recently is the drne. This piltless mini nw bringing us benefits clser t hme"和第二、三段的首句可知,本文主要介绍了无人机给普通人的生活带来的便利,因此A选项最适合作本文的标题。故选A。