广东省佛山市南海西樵高级中学2023-2024学年高三下学期3月月考英语试题(无答案)

这是一份广东省佛山市南海西樵高级中学2023-2024学年高三下学期3月月考英语试题(无答案)，共8页。试卷主要包含了03，5分，满分37，5分，满分15分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2024.03
英语（新课标Ⅰ卷）
本试卷共10页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上，将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hw t Deal with the Hliday Stress: 5 Timeless Tips
The hliday seasn, while jyful, can als bring stress. Here are five effective and timeless tips t help navigate this perid with mre peace and jy:
Slw Dwn: Pace yurself during the hlidays. Take yur time in everything frm walking t eating. Slwing dwn cntributes t the relaxatin f bth the physical and mental aspects. Cncentrate n breathing slwly and deeply, and try fcusing n ne task at a time. This practice nt nly aids in relaxatin but als prevents vereating during festive feasts.
Appreciate Small Jys: Happiness ften lies in appreciating the little things. If yu wait fr perfect mments r achievements t be happy, yu’re missing ut n daily jys. During the hlidays, cherish the small pleasures like delicius meals, gd health, the cmpany f family and friends, and the cmfrt f a warm hme.
Value What Matters Mst: Fcus n what is truly imprtant and valuable t yu. When it cmes t gift-giving, cnsider meaningful items r experiences ver numerus expensive gifts. These can create cherished memries and are ften mre appreciated.
Give Jy t Others: Making thers happy can increase yur wn happiness. Simple acts f kindness, supprt, and psitivity create a mutually beneficial cycle f jy. This practice, based n the Law f Reciprcity （互惠）, encurages a psitive envirnment where happiness is shared and reciprcated.
Accept Yur Feelings: If negative emtins persist, try accepting them. Recgnizing and accepting yur feelings as they can help reduce their impact. This acceptance allws yu t cnserve emtinal energy and prmtes a mre balanced and cnstructive mindset, paving the way fr clearer thinking and prblem-slving.
Fllw these steps and yu will transfrm the hliday stress int a mre enjyable and memrable seasn.
21．What is the main purpse f “slwing dwn” during the hlidays?
A．T avid scial interactins.B．T relax the bdy and mind.
C．T save time and energy.D．T prepare fr the new year.
22．What des the article suggest abut gift-giving?
A．Fcus n expensive gifts.B．Give as many gifts as pssible.
C．Priritize meaningful items.D．Avid giving gifts altgether.
23．What shuld yu d if negative emtins keep trubling yu during the hlidays?
A．Turn yur back n them.B．Share them with thers.
C．Acknwledge them.D．Seek help immediately.
B
Teaching cmedy is a delicate craft that Shakespeare Theatre Cmpany’s Teaching Artists handle with expertise. Sabrina Mandell, specializing in clwning and physical cmedy, believes in starting with examples f what she finds funny, helping students understand humr and its subtlety （微妙之处）. She emphasizes the imprtance f discvering what wrks fr individuals rather than specifying a right way.
Overcming fear is crucial in cmedy, with Mark Jaster nting that cmedians must be willing t push beynd scial nrms. Sabrina als advcates pening up emtinally, recgnizing the clseness f laughter and tears. After all, pushing students t face fear head-n can tap int their full cmedic ptential.
Precisin is als essential in cmedy, requiring crisp, clean, and well-timed perfrmance. Jim Gagne emphasizes the need fr precisin in cmedy cmpared t the flexibility allwed in drama. Teaching cmedic timing is challenging, with sme students naturally pssessing the talent, while thers need mre guidance t refine this essential skill. Jim, hwever, believes it can be develped thrugh awareness, practice, and thrugh explratin.
Play and fun are crucial in teaching cmedy. Sabrina emphasizes the imprtance f rediscvering the jy f play. Mark envisins a cmedy lab where explring its mysteries is as significant as its perfrmance.
Despite the desire fr laughs, teachers emphasize the imprtance f strytelling within cmedic scenes. Jim prvides a valuable insight: “In drama, yu thrw the dishes dwn; in cmedy, yu thrw them up.” This cmparisn underscres that cmedy demands a different apprach, ne that is mre lighthearted and humrus. Nevertheless, the ultimate gal is t truly engage the audience and genuinely make them laugh.
24．What des Sabrina Mandell find imprtant when teaching cmedy?
A．Cnveying her sense f humr t students.B．Priritizing strytelling ver humr.
C．Fcusing n creating physical humr.D．Inspiring students t explre their humr.
25．Facing fear bravely is cnsidered crucial in cmedy because ______.
A．fear is ne f the primary surces f humrB．cmedians need t g beynd scial cnventins
C．laughter and tears enhance the cmedic effectD．it enables peple t unlck cmedic ptential
26．Hw des Jim Gagne view the precisin in cmedy?
A．He cnsiders it merely a natural gift.
B．He emphasizes precisin mre in cmedy than in drama.
C．He thinks teaching precisin requires a sense f timing.
D．He believes precisin in cmedy is similar t flexibility in drama.
27．What can we learn abut cmedy frm the passage?
A．Cmedy aims t find ut mysteries.
B．Cmedy requires a serius and dramatic apprach.
C．Cmedy brings the audience new inspiratins.
D．Cmedy can be taught thrugh play and explratin.
C
Over the last tw millin years, ur species has experienced a significant increase in brain vlume, cntributing t ur perceived intelligence and dminance. Hwever, recent research led by Jeremy DeSilva frm Dartmuth Cllege reveals an unexpected turn: ur brains diminished （缩减） in size after the last Ice Age, abut 3,000 t 5,000 years ag.
Cntrary t the initial belief that brain size reductin matched the appearance f agriculture 10,000 years ag, DeSilva’s team pints t a mre recent perid marked by the flurishing and advancement f ancient civilizatins in Nrth Africa, the Middle East, and Suth America. They suggest that the shrinkage may be linked t the develpment f cperative scieties and what researchers term “Cllective intelligence,” where grup prblem-slving ges beynd individual capabilities.
Inspiratin fr this idea came frm bservatins f “ultra-scial” insects like ants, where smaller-brained individuals succeed in highly cperative scieties. The researchers suggest that as human scieties became mre rganized ver the past 3,000 years, the need fr an individually large brain t stre infrmatin abut fd, relatinships, and the envirnment diminished. Instead, infrmatin culd be cllectively stred within scial circles, twns, and grups.
The rise f external infrmatin strage, including bks, persnal devices, and the internet, further lessened the demand n individual brains, allwing them t perate mre efficiently. While the average human brain vlume remained arund 1,450 cubic centimeters fr the past 150,000 years, it decreased by apprximately 10%, r up t 150 cubic centimeters, in the last few millennia. This reductin in brain size is nt a direct cnsequence f shrinking bdies, as the relative size t bdy prprtin als decreased.
Imprtantly, researchers advise against equating brain size with intelligence, suggesting that ur mental circuitry （回路） may have evlved t be mre efficient, similar t the advancements seen in the evlutin f cmputer sizes frm rm-filling t pcket sized.
28．What des the recent research by Jeremy DeSilva reveal?
A．Agriculture appears 10,000 years ag.
B．“Ultra- scial” insects becme mre rganized.
C．The human brain size diminishes after the last Ice Age.
D．Grup prblem-slving ges beynd individual capabilities.
29．Researchers suggest human brain size has reduced due t ______.
A．the advancement f ancient civilizatinsB．the change f the envirnment
C．decreased external infrmatin strageD．cperative scieties and “cllective intelligence”
30．Which f the fllwing might the authr agree with?
A．Decreased bdy prprtin leads t smaller brains.
B．A larger brain guarantees higher intelligence.
C．Peple shuld priritize brain size ver mental circuitry.
D．Scial factrs have lessened the demand n individual brains.
31．Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Surprising Changes in Human Brain Vlume.B．Scial Adaptatin and Human Brain Shrinkage.
C．The Histry f Brain Size Reductin in Humans.D．Explring the Evlutin f Human Cgnitive Abilities.
D
We Need t Think abut Cnservatin n a Different Timescale
Time, perceived by humans in days, mnths, and years, cntrasts with nature’s grander scales f centuries and millennia, referred t as “deep time.” While palentlgists （古生物学者） are trained t think in deep time, cnservatinists are realizing the challenges it pses. Shrtsightedness abut tine limits mdern cnservatin, with effrts ften verlking past healthy cnditins f ecsystems in the cntext f climate and bidiversity crises.
The shifting baseline syndrme （综合症）, where standards in a place change gradually, makes cnservatin mre cmplex. It invlves evaluating ecsystems primarily n their recent past, ften with negative cnsequences.
Recent shifts in Califrnia’s frest management practices, frm stpping fires t embracing Indigenus knwledge f cntrlled burns, exemplify the imprtance f understanding histrical ecsystem dynamics. T enhance cnservatin, adpting a deep-time apprach is crucial.
Mdern mathematical mdeling, cmbined with lng-term data, ffers a pathway fr preserving ecsystems. In Califrnia’s kelp （海带、海藻） frest, researchers identified an verlked keystne species—the extinct Seller’s Sea Cw （大海牛）. By examining past kelp frests, a deeper stry impacting regeneratin was revealed. The sea cw, a massive plant-cater, cntributed t a diverse, vital undergrwth by trimming kelp and letting light reach the area.
The researchers put frward a nvel apprach t kelp frest restratin: selectively harvesting kelp, imitating the sea cw’s impact. This strategy, cnsidering histrical dynamics, challenges assumptins abut recent ecsystems and ffers new cnservatin methds.
Rather than nly fcusing n remving urchins （海胆） r reintrducing sea tters, the researchers suggest emplying teams f humans t selectively harvest kelp, as the Steller’s sea cw nce did, t encurage fresh grwth. This sustainable harvest culd benefit bth the ecsystem and human cnsumptin.
In shrt, assumptins based n the recent past may impede the understanding and prtectin f ecsystems. On the ther hand, the applicatin f cntrlled burns, similar mdeling studies, and a deep-time perspective （视角） culd significantly transfrm cnservatin effrts. Recgnizing ur rle in an nging narrative spanning millins f years is essential, urging a cmprehensive understanding f ecsystems thrugh time. Embracing this rle is crucial fr shaping the future and establishing vital cnnectins frm the past t the future.
32．What is the “shifting baseline syndrme,” mentined in the passage?
A．A syndrme that affects human beings’ perceptin f time.
B．A phenmenn where eclgical standards shift in a place.
C．A psychlgical disrder cmmn amng cnservatinists.
D．A cnditin where ecsystems change gradually ver time.
33．What is the significance f deep-time perspectives in cnservatin?
A．It prmtes the preventin f wildfires.B．It aids in mathematical mdeling effrts.
C．It helps reveal histrical ecsystem dynamics.D．It enhances human cnsumptin f ecsystems.
34．What des the underlined wrd “impede” mst prbably mean?
A．Refrm.B．Disrupt.C．Quicken.D．Deepen.
35．In terms f cnservatin, what can we learn frm this passage?
A．Shifting baseline syndrme has psitive eclgical changes.
B．Mathematical mdeling with the latest data can be effective.
C．Deep-time perspective and histrical dynamics are crucial.
D．Recent histry is mre preferred in ecsystem restratin.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw Can We Trust AI If We Dn’t Knw Hw It Wrks
Alien minds, in the frm f artificial intelligence (AI) systems, surrund us in daily life, pwering facial recgnitin, determining creditwrthiness, and even creating petry and cde. 36
Many AI systems, particularly thse based n deep learning neural netwrks, have trillins f parameters （参数）, making their decisin-making prcesses paque （不透明的）—a phenmenn knwn as the AI explainability prblem. 37
Unlike humans wh can justify their decisins based n ethical principles, AI lacks the ability t explain its decisin-making, failing the predictive requirement fr trust. Cnsider situatins like the “Trlley Prblem,” where a self-driving car must make a difficult decisin withut the capacity t prvide a human-like explanatin.
Trust relies nt nly n explainability and predictability but als n ethical r mral mtivatins. Humans expect thers t act nt just as they assume they will, but als as they shuld． 38 It fails t adapt its behavir in line with ethical principles r human expectatins, leading t the AI cnsistency and trust prblem.
39 Hwever, the increasing adptin f AI suggests a future where nested AI systems may dminate, limiting human interventin pprtunities in rapid decisin-making scenaris. This emphasizes the pressing need t address and reslve issues related t explainability and ensuring that AI systems align with human values and gals.
The integratin f AI int vital systems, such as electric grids and military peratins, heightens the imprtance f trust. 40
In cnclusin, AI lacks the predictability and ethical elements that wuld make it inherently trustwrthy. Addressing the challenges f explainability and alignment is essential t ensure that AI systems earn and maintain human trust in critical applicatins. Further research in this area is needed t pave the way fr trustwrthy AI systems in the future.
A．As a result, understanding why AI systems make specific decisins is challenging, raising cncerns abut their trustwrthiness.
B．Hwever, AI perates with a fixed way f thinking mlded by training data.
C．Addressing and reslving the issue befre it reaches a critical pint becmes crucial.
D．These are cntexts where undesirable behavir culd lead t severe cnsequences.
E．T enhance trust, prpsals have been made t invlve humans in AI decisin-making, either in the lp r n the lp.
F．Due t the lack f unpredictability, peple find it impssible t interpret the specific factrs influencing Al-driven decisins.
G．Hwever, the trustwrthiness f these AI systems faces significant challenges due t their limited explainability and unpredictability.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It all began inncently—I rushed t the lcal market fr a few items, deciding nt t use a cart （推车）. As I apprached the checkut area with my hands full, it was clear that the 41 service management had mmentarily checked ut. Three cashiers faced lng lines, and chas 42 with shppers and carts full f grceries.
Like mst, I surveyed the checkut lines, 43 chsing what seemed the fastest. Hwever, my chice turned ut t be the slwest, and 44 spread thrugh the line. A middle-aged man murmured, setting ff a chain reactin f cmplaints abut the slw pace. The negativity 45 , with ne persn declaring they wuld never shp there again.
46 by the negativity, I turned my attentin t the stressed cashier. The crwd’s displeasure didn’t 47 her wrk; instead, her stress increased, leading t mistakes and the need fr a supervisr （主管）. As my turn apprached, I 48 the cashier’s discmfrt, trembling and sweating despite the cld stre.
In a(an) 49 tne, I said, “Sme days are quite the adventure, aren’t they?” The cashier, relieved t see a_ 50 face, met my eyes and smiled. I encuraged her, saying impatience affects everyne, and I was in n rush.
Then came a(an) 51 lessn, a gift I never imagined. By sharing it, I hpe t 52 thers. The cashier thanked me fr my patience, revealing she was a new emplyee still in training. We shared a laugh, and in that mment, strangers became friends.
Leaving the stre, I felt 53 fr the experience, unlike the dissatisfied shppers. This incident taught that in the jurney f lve and understanding, mistakes happen, and patience is a 54 learning prcess. We are all, and always will be, in training when it cmes t 55 .
41．A．cmmunityB．deliveryC．custmerD．emergency
42．A．eruptedB．extendedC．preventedD．disturbed
43．A．pessimisticallyB．cnfidentlyC．jyfullyD．curiusly
44．A．newsB．infrmatinC．awarenessD．dissatisfactin
45．A．spreadB．changedC．expldedD．ended
46．A．CntrlledB．ManagedC．SurrundedD．Directed
47．A．accmplishB．quickenC．cncludeD．perfrm
48．A．sufferedB．experiencedC．expressedD．sensed
49．A．effrtlessB．depressedC．frmalD．easyging
50．A．friendlyB．cnfusedC．happyD．expressinless
51．A．mralB．experimentalC．unexpectedD．painful
52．A．escapeB．enrichC．exciteD．embrace
53．A．wisdmB．knwledgeC．judgmentD．appreciatin
54．A．gentleB．cntinuusC．frbiddenD．serius
55．A．lveB．talentC．giftD．experience
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last mnth, scientists frm Harvard Medical Schl talked abut EVEscape in the jurnal Nature. This mdel is all abut figuring ut hw viruses change. It learned frm the histry f hw viruses 56 (change) ver time, and yu can give it a lt f details abut a virus. Then it can guess hw the virus might change, especially in 57 its prteins （蛋白质） wrk when the immune system puts pressure n it.
58 (shw) what EVEscape can d, scientists gave it the 59 (rigin) cde f the SARS-CV-2 virus. They did this mnths befre the virus caused the COVID pandemic. Guess what? EVEscape predicted almst all the changes that happened during the pandemic, even the nes we knw by names like Omicrn and Beta. The Harvard team keeps 60 (give) EVEscape new data abut SARS-CV-2 61 (regular), s it’s like a frtune teller fr what COVID might d next.
Peple are wndering if EVEscape culd be the slutin 62 stpping pandemics. In an article that ges alng with 63 paper, scientists Nash Rchman and Eugene Knin frm the Natinal Center fr Bitechnlgy Infrmatin really praised EVEscape. They said, “This way f ding things culd 64 (use) t guess what changes might happen in viruses that stick arund in the ppulatin. It can help make better vaccines （疫苗） and even guess hw 65 (risk) a pandemic might be fr viruses we dn’t knw much abut yet, even befre we figure ut their 3D structure.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假如你是高一学生李华，你将代表你们班参加学校即将举办的一场英语演讲比赛，题目为“数字化时代的困扰：战胜互联网瘾的征程”。
演讲的内容包括：
1、网瘾的危害；
2、摆脱网瘾的方法。
注意：开头结尾已给出；字数100字左右。
Hi, everyne!
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Thanks, everyne!
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the quiet f the earthquake shelter, I fund myself calling ut t a nameless cat, hping fr the familiar sund f a mew r the sight f a black and white figure running tward me. My wrry grew as time passed, realizing that the cat I had been feeding fr mnths, the highlight f my day, was nwhere t be seen.
Our unlikely friendship began n a cld night as I sat n thse same cement （水泥） steps, rain saking thrugh my pants. The nly light came frm my last cigarette, expsing the pieces f a brken picture frame and a handwritten letter illustrating the cnsequences f the earthquake n my cmputer screen. Having experienced the impact f an explsin in the earthquake, I returned hme with a severe brain injury and PTSD, facing challenges in adapting at Frt Riley, Kansas. Anxiety seized me, and each day felt like a struggle. That night, as I wrestled with the pain f depressin with the last drag f my cigarette, a faint “Mew?” eched thrugh the darkness.
A small black and white kitten with rund green eyes emerged frm the bushes, wet and seeking shelter. Fearlessly, he apprached me, rubbing against my legs. As I reached dwn t pet him, he leaned int my tuch, purring （猫的呼噜声）. In that mment, tears blending with the rain n my face, I fund an unexpected cmpanin. The kitten std there, as if understanding my desperate need fr cmpaninship.
Lking int his eyes, I realized he was a wanderer. The plan t end it all was briefly set aside; nw, my missin was t find him fd. The cigarette was frgtten as I std up, determined t tackle his prblems since I culdn’t face my wn.
A rutine develped—daily visits t the back steps with a packet f tuna （金枪鱼） and a paper plate. The kitten, a surce f cmfrt and purpse, became mre than just a reasn t live. Over time, he inspired me t seek help fr my depressin and find the cnfidence t enter a serius relatinship with Becky, a high schl classmate frm Pittsburgh.
Despite the fear f lsing my new fund cmpanin, rll call and the early mrning darkness frced me indrs. Wrried that I had seen the last f him, I called Becky, expressing my cncerns. The hpe f his return remained, but he never did.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One day, Becky and I fund an animal adptin event near the base, surrunded by varius cats. _____________
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In July 2009, Scut mved with me t Pittsburgh. __________________________________________________
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