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译林版八年级下册英语第一单元Unit1单元知识点
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这是一份译林版八年级下册英语第一单元Unit1单元知识点，共4页。
Unit 1 单元知识点一、重要短语1. repair over/ more than ten bicycles 修理超过10辆自行车2. teach us a lot about the history of China教我们很多有关中国的历史3. the changes in Beijing北京的变化4. during/in/over the past century在过去一个多世纪里5. learn more about Beijing’s past and present 对北京的过去和现在了解更多6. hear about/of… 听说 hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter 收到某人来信=receive/get a letter from sb.7. living conditions居住条件8. return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人9. make communication much easier使交流更方便，使得联系更容易10. go/travel/study abroad去国外11. at primary school在小学12. keep in touch with each other互相保持联系13. communicate with sb. 和某人保持联系14. take place发生（有目的有计划的）（happen偶然发生)15. Many changes have taken place in my hometown. 我的家发生了许多变化。16. travel to and from the town by bus, taxi or train 乘汽车，出租车或火车进出小镇旅游17. green hills all around青山环绕18. a river runs through the centre of town一条小河穿过镇中心19. get used to the changes of life习惯了生活的变化 get/be used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯某事/ 习惯做某事20. many of Mr Chen’s friends陈先生的许多朋友21. on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自22. throw rubbish扔垃圾 rubbish everywhere到处是垃圾23. enjoy a comfortable life品味舒适的生活24. in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方25. move into new flats搬进新公寓26. in their free time在他们业余时间27. travel around the town在镇里转转28. on both sides of the street = on each side of the street 在街道两边29. have their own cars= have cars of their own拥有他们自己的汽车二、重要句型1.I used to go to school by bike.used to do sth.是一个固定结构，意思是“过去经常做某事”，后面用动词原形，表示过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。肯定句：I used to play with my friends after school. 过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。否定句：You didn’t use to like pop songs.=You usedn’t to like pop songs. 你过去不喜欢流行歌曲。一般疑问句：Did your sister use to be quiet? = Used your sister to be quiet?你的妹妹过去常常是很安静吗？there be句式：There used to be a lot of fishes in this river. 过去这条小河常常有许多鱼。【拓展】(1)be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事”，是动词短语use ...to do的被动语态结构。例如：Knives are used to cut things.小刀是用来切东西的。(2) be used to doing something意思是“习惯于做某事”，to后接动词-ing形式。例如：My father is used to living in the village. 我爸爸习惯于住在小山村。2. Yes, I’d like to.would like意为“想要”，语气非常委婉。具体用法如下：(1) would like后接名词或代词，表示“要”某样东西。例如：I would like a cup of coffee. 我要一杯咖啡。My mother would like an apple. 我的妈妈想要一个苹果。(2) would you like后接动词不定式（to do形式），表示意愿、喜爱，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。例如：Would you like to help me？你愿意帮助我吗？Would you like to drink some tea? 你要喝茶吗？(3) would like sb. to do sth. 意为“想要某人做某事”。例如：I’d like you to meet them. 我想要你见他们。【注意】它的肯定回答多用Yes, please./Yes, I’d (We’d) like (love) to./Certainly./Yes, thank you.等；I’d love /like to.的to不能省略。否定回答常用No, thanks./No, thank you.等。例如：—Would you like some coffee? 你要点儿咖啡吗？—No, thanks.不要了，谢谢。—Would you love to go to the movies with me? 你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？—Yes, I’d love to. 是的，我很愿意。3. I hope I can visit it again.本句是hope 后加了一个宾语从句，省略了连接词that。hope有如下用法：(1) 从说话语气上讲，hope 用于表示可能实现的事情，后接从句时，用陈述语气。例如：I hope I shall see him again. 我希望再见他一次。I hope you haven’t hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。(2)从含义上讲，hope 多用于指对好事的盼望、预想;对坏事的预想则多用“I’m afraid...”。例如：I hope it will be fine tomorrow. 我希望明天天气好。I’m afraid it will rain again. 恐怕还要下雨。(3) 从时间上看，hope 所希望的一般指将来或现在的事情，不用于指过去的事情。例如：I hope he will come. 我希望他会来。(4) 从句型上看，hope 可用hope to do sth.句型，而不能用hope sb.to do sth.句型。例如：I hope to watch the football match again. 我希望再看一次那场足球赛。(5) 要表示“希望如此”时，常用“I hope so.”其否定形式用“I hope not.”。hope后面还可以接that 从句，意为“希望„„”。例如：She hopes that I will pass the exam. 她希望我能通过考试。4. The new shopping mall is a good place to have fun.句中动词不定式短语to have fun作定语，修饰place。动词不定式短语作后置定语，可修饰名词、符合不定代词等。例如：Simon is always the first student to get to school. Simon总是第一个到校的学生。We must find a person to do the work. 我们必须找个人做这项工作。I have something to tell you. 我有一些事情要告诉你。I am looking for a room tolive in. 我正在找一间屋子住。5. I spend more time on my homework than before.spend是动词，意为“花费（时间或金钱）”。其过去式为spent。用法如下：spend +时间/金钱+ (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事spend + 时间/金钱+ on sth. 花费时间或金钱在某物上例如：I spend two hours readingevery day. 我每天花两个小时阅读。He spends 20 yuanon books every month. 他每月花20元买书。拓展：表示“花费”的spend、take、cost和pay的辨析：例如：I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。I paid six yuanfor the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。
Unit 1 单元知识点一、重要短语1. repair over/ more than ten bicycles 修理超过10辆自行车2. teach us a lot about the history of China教我们很多有关中国的历史3. the changes in Beijing北京的变化4. during/in/over the past century在过去一个多世纪里5. learn more about Beijing’s past and present 对北京的过去和现在了解更多6. hear about/of… 听说 hear from sb.= receive/ get one’s letter 收到某人来信=receive/get a letter from sb.7. living conditions居住条件8. return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人9. make communication much easier使交流更方便，使得联系更容易10. go/travel/study abroad去国外11. at primary school在小学12. keep in touch with each other互相保持联系13. communicate with sb. 和某人保持联系14. take place发生（有目的有计划的）（happen偶然发生)15. Many changes have taken place in my hometown. 我的家发生了许多变化。16. travel to and from the town by bus, taxi or train 乘汽车，出租车或火车进出小镇旅游17. green hills all around青山环绕18. a river runs through the centre of town一条小河穿过镇中心19. get used to the changes of life习惯了生活的变化 get/be used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯某事/ 习惯做某事20. many of Mr Chen’s friends陈先生的许多朋友21. on one’s own = by oneself = alone独自22. throw rubbish扔垃圾 rubbish everywhere到处是垃圾23. enjoy a comfortable life品味舒适的生活24. in some large open spaces在一些大的开阔的地方25. move into new flats搬进新公寓26. in their free time在他们业余时间27. travel around the town在镇里转转28. on both sides of the street = on each side of the street 在街道两边29. have their own cars= have cars of their own拥有他们自己的汽车二、重要句型1.I used to go to school by bike.used to do sth.是一个固定结构，意思是“过去经常做某事”，后面用动词原形，表示过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。肯定句：I used to play with my friends after school. 过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。否定句：You didn’t use to like pop songs.=You usedn’t to like pop songs. 你过去不喜欢流行歌曲。一般疑问句：Did your sister use to be quiet? = Used your sister to be quiet?你的妹妹过去常常是很安静吗？there be句式：There used to be a lot of fishes in this river. 过去这条小河常常有许多鱼。【拓展】(1)be used to do something意思是“被用来做某事”，是动词短语use ...to do的被动语态结构。例如：Knives are used to cut things.小刀是用来切东西的。(2) be used to doing something意思是“习惯于做某事”，to后接动词-ing形式。例如：My father is used to living in the village. 我爸爸习惯于住在小山村。2. Yes, I’d like to.would like意为“想要”，语气非常委婉。具体用法如下：(1) would like后接名词或代词，表示“要”某样东西。例如：I would like a cup of coffee. 我要一杯咖啡。My mother would like an apple. 我的妈妈想要一个苹果。(2) would you like后接动词不定式（to do形式），表示意愿、喜爱，常用于有礼貌地提出邀请、请求或建议。例如：Would you like to help me？你愿意帮助我吗？Would you like to drink some tea? 你要喝茶吗？(3) would like sb. to do sth. 意为“想要某人做某事”。例如：I’d like you to meet them. 我想要你见他们。【注意】它的肯定回答多用Yes, please./Yes, I’d (We’d) like (love) to./Certainly./Yes, thank you.等；I’d love /like to.的to不能省略。否定回答常用No, thanks./No, thank you.等。例如：—Would you like some coffee? 你要点儿咖啡吗？—No, thanks.不要了，谢谢。—Would you love to go to the movies with me? 你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？—Yes, I’d love to. 是的，我很愿意。3. I hope I can visit it again.本句是hope 后加了一个宾语从句，省略了连接词that。hope有如下用法：(1) 从说话语气上讲，hope 用于表示可能实现的事情，后接从句时，用陈述语气。例如：I hope I shall see him again. 我希望再见他一次。I hope you haven’t hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。(2)从含义上讲，hope 多用于指对好事的盼望、预想;对坏事的预想则多用“I’m afraid...”。例如：I hope it will be fine tomorrow. 我希望明天天气好。I’m afraid it will rain again. 恐怕还要下雨。(3) 从时间上看，hope 所希望的一般指将来或现在的事情，不用于指过去的事情。例如：I hope he will come. 我希望他会来。(4) 从句型上看，hope 可用hope to do sth.句型，而不能用hope sb.to do sth.句型。例如：I hope to watch the football match again. 我希望再看一次那场足球赛。(5) 要表示“希望如此”时，常用“I hope so.”其否定形式用“I hope not.”。hope后面还可以接that 从句，意为“希望„„”。例如：She hopes that I will pass the exam. 她希望我能通过考试。4. The new shopping mall is a good place to have fun.句中动词不定式短语to have fun作定语，修饰place。动词不定式短语作后置定语，可修饰名词、符合不定代词等。例如：Simon is always the first student to get to school. Simon总是第一个到校的学生。We must find a person to do the work. 我们必须找个人做这项工作。I have something to tell you. 我有一些事情要告诉你。I am looking for a room tolive in. 我正在找一间屋子住。5. I spend more time on my homework than before.spend是动词，意为“花费（时间或金钱）”。其过去式为spent。用法如下：spend +时间/金钱+ (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事spend + 时间/金钱+ on sth. 花费时间或金钱在某物上例如：I spend two hours readingevery day. 我每天花两个小时阅读。He spends 20 yuanon books every month. 他每月花20元买书。拓展：表示“花费”的spend、take、cost和pay的辨析：例如：I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。I paid six yuanfor the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。
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