高中英语语法主谓一致讲解及练习题

这是一份高中英语语法主谓一致讲解及练习题，共15页。试卷主要包含了______ was wrng等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2) 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3) 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，
一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：
There is much water in the therms.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
Ten thusand tns f cal were prduced last year.
15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：
Reading and writing are very imprtant. 读写很重要。
注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：
The irn and steel industry is very imprtant t ur life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题
The League secretary and mnitr ___ asked t make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and mnitr 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，mnitr 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则
1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：
There is a pen, a knife and several bks n the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
There are twenty by-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。
2)当either… r… 与neither… nr，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如：
Either yu r she is t g. 不是你去，就是她去。
Here is a pen, a few envelps and sme paper fr yu. 给你笔、信封和纸。
15.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语有with, tgether with, like, except, but, n less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如：
The teacher tgether with sme students is visiting the factry. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。
He as well as I wants t g bating.他和我想去划船。
15.4 谓语需用单数
1)代词each以及由every, sme, n, any等构成的复合代词作主语时，或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如：
Each f us has a tape-recrder. 我们每人都有录音机。
There is smething wrng with my watch. 我的表坏了。
2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：
The Arabian Night is a bk knwn t lvers f English. 《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。
3)表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。例如：
Three weeks was allwed fr making the necessary preparatins. 用三个星期来做准备。
Ten yuan is enugh. 十元够了。
15.5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1)代词what, which, wh, nne, sme, any, mre, mst, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：
All is right. 一切顺利。
All are present. 人都到齐了。
2)集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crwd, class, cmpany, cmmittee等词后，谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：
His family isn\'t very large. 他家成员不多。
His family are music lvers. 他家个个都是音乐爱好者。
但集合名词peple, plice, cattle, pultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：
Are there any plice arund? 附近有警察吗?
3)有些名词，如variety, number, ppulatin, prprtin, majrity 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。例如：
A number f +名词复数+复数动词。
The number f +名词复数+单数动词。
A number f bks have lent ut.
The majrity f the students like English.
15.6 与后接名词或代词保持一致
1)用half f, mst f, nne f, heaps f, lts f, plenty f 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常与f后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如：
Mst f his mney is spent n bks. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。
Mst f the students are taking an active part in sprts. 大部分学生积极参与体育运动。
2)用a prtin f, a series f, a pile f, a panel f 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：
A series f accidents has been reprted. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。
A pile f lts was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。
3)如 many a 或 mre than ne 所修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由mre than… f 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如：
Many a persn has read the nvel. 许多人读过这本书。
Mre than 60 percent f the students are frm the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。
15.7 主谓一致练习
1.Each f yu ______ respnsible fr the accident.
a. am b. be c. is d. are
2.Each man and wman ______ the same rights.
a. has b. have c. had d. is having
3.Every means ______ tried but withut much result.
a. has been b. have been c. are d. is
4.There ______ in this rm.
a. are t much furniture b. is t many furnitures
c. are t much furnitures d. is t much furniture
5.The manager r his assistant ______ planning t g.
a. were b. are c. was d. be
6.Nt nly I but als David and Iris ______ fnd f playing basketball.
a. am b. is c. are d. was
7.Neither Tm nr his parents ______ at hme.
a. is b. are c. has d. was
8.Either the dean r the principal ______ the meeting.
a. attends b. attend c. are attending d. have attended
9.______ was wrng.
a. Nt the teacher but the students b. Bth the students and the teacher
c. Neither the teacher nt the students d. Nt the students but the teacher
10.“______ twenty dllars a big sum t her?”
“I suppse s.”
a. Will be b. Is c. Are d. Were
11.Three hurs ______ enugh fr us t finish the task.
a. are b. has c. is d. were
12.Mst f his savings ______ in the Xin Hua Bank.
a. has been kept b. is being kept c. have kept d. have been kept
13.All that can be dne ______.
a. has dne b. has been dne c. have dne d. have been dne
14.One r perhaps mre pages _______.
a. is missing b. has been missed c. are missing d. was missing
15.Mre than ne wrker ______ dismissed.
a. have been b. are c. has been d. has
16.Many a student ______ the imprtance f learning a freign language.
a. have realized b. has realize c. have been realized d. has been realized
17.The gas wrks ______ near the city.
a. is b. are c. were d. be
18.The surrundings f his huse ______ clean nw.
a. is b. are c. was d. were
19.The cmmittee ______ ver the prblem amng themselves fr tw hurs.
a. has argued b. has been arguing c. have argued d. have been arguing
20.The public ______ generus in their cntributins t the earthquake victims.
a. is b. was c. are d. has been
21.Cattle ______ n the hillside.
a. grazes b. is grazing c. was grazing d. were grazing
22.Her plitics ______ neither cnservative nr liberal.
a. is b. are c. was d. has been
23.Measles ______ a kind f infectius illness.
a. is b. are c. were d. have been
24.The Philippines ______ t the suth-east f China.
a. lies b. lie c. lay d. lays
25.Mary is ne f the girls wh ______ always n time.
a. is b. am c. are d. was
26.Tm is the nly ne f the stall members wh ______ t be prmted.
a. is ging b. are ging c. has been ging d. have been ging
27.What caused the accident ______ n the rad.
a. were stne b. were stnes c. was stne d. was stnes
28.Wisky and sda ______ his favrite drink.
a. is b. are c. were d. have been
29.______ is t attend ur evening.
a. bth the singer and the dancer b. Either the singer r dancers
c. The singer r dancers d. The singer and dancer
30.The Smiths ______ their breakfast when the mrning pst came.
a. had b. has been having c. are having d. were having
31.N ne except tw students ______ the meeting.
a. has been late fr b. have been late fr c. was late fr d. were later fr
32.All but him and me ______ t the exhibitin.
a. am ging b. is ging c. are ging d. was ging
33.Interest, as well as prspects, ______ imprtant when ne lks fr a jb.
a. are b. were c. is d. was
34.The president, accmpanied by his assistants, ______.
a. have arrived b. are arriving c. had arrived d. has arrived
35.A number f cars ______ in frnt f the park
a. is parked b. was parked c. are parked d. has parked
36.the number f articles published n smking ______ amazing.
a. is b. are c. were d. have been
37.The majrity f dctrs ______ smking is harmful t health.
a. are believed b. had believed c. has believed d. believe
38.The majrity f the damage ______ easy t repair.
a. is b. are c. were d. be
39.Fur-fifths f the crp ______.
a. are ruined b. was ruined c. were ruined d. have been ruined
40.Three-furths f the buildings ______.
a. was destryed b. is destryed c. were destryed d. has been destryed
41.Early t bed and early t rise ______ a man healthy, happy and wise.
a. making b. t make c. make d. makes
42.Mathematics ______ the language f science.
a. is b. has been c. are d. have been
43.The yung ______ the vital frces in ur sciety.
a. is b. has been c. are d. have been
44.Every man, wman and child ______ sme histry, enugh at least, t survive in the wrld.
a. knws b. knw c. is knwn d. are knwn
45.Nne f them ______ my friends.
a. is b. are c. was d. has been
46.Nt nly the whle natin, but the whle Eurpe , indeed the whle human sciety ______ t alter its attitude t racial prblems.
a. need b. needs c. has a need d. have a need
47.Getting t ther planets r t the mn _____ many prblems.
a. invlve b. invlves c. invlving d. t invlve
48.In that cuntry, the rich ______ richer, the pr, prer.
a. becme b. has becme c. becmes d. is becming
49.The prject requires mre labr than ______ because it is extremely difficult.
a. has been put in b. have been put in c. being put in d. t be put in
50.Nt ne in ne hundred children expsed t the disease ______ likely t develp it.
a. shuld be b. must be c. is d. are
13主谓一致练习答案
1 C 19 D 37 D
2 A 20 C 38 A
3 A 21 D 39 B
4 D 22 B 40 C
5 C 23 A 41 D
6 C 24 A 42 D
7 B 25 C 43 C
8 A 26 A 44 A
9 D 27 D 45 B
10 B 28 A 46 B
11 C 29 D 47 B
12 D 30 D 48 A
13 B 31 C 49 A
14 C 32 C 50 C
15 C 33 C 51
16 B 34 D 52
17 A 35 C 53
18 B 36 A 54