译林版八年级下册英语第四单元Unit4单元知识点讲义

这是一份译林版八年级下册英语第四单元Unit4单元知识点讲义，共5页。
Unit 4 单元知识点一、重点短语1.do with = deal with 处理，对付 what to do with = how to deal with 怎样处理2.have to use them to reach the box on the fridge 不得不使用它们来够冰箱上的盒子3.read a book about Germany in World War Ⅱ 读一本关于第二次世界战争德国的书4.be interested in 对…感兴趣5.improve my knowledge of the past 提高我对过去的认识（knowledge 知识不可数—v know ）6.in one’s spare/free time 在某人的空闲时间里7.novels by the French writer Victor Hugo 被/ 由法国作家维克多·雨果写的小说8.the story of the ugly man 那个丑陋男人的故事9.touch / move sb 感动/触动某人10.keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系11.国家 国家人 复数Germany -- German--- GermansAmerica --- American -- AmericansAustralia -- Australian-- AustraliansCanada -- Canadian -- CanadiansFrance -- Frenchman--- FrenchmenEngland -- Englishman -- Englishmen (中国人，日本人不变；英、法 a—e)12.Me too/ Me either 我也是（不是）13.crash against the rocks 撞到岩石 (against 介词 紧靠，碰，撞；反对，违背)14.swim as far as one can / could = swim as far as possible 游得尽可能远;奋力前游15.by the time = when 到……的时候16.feel the land under my feet 感觉到陆地在我的脚下17.be tired out 筋疲力尽18.fall down on the beach 倒在沙滩上19.go to sleep / fall asleep睡着、入睡20.as the sun was rising正当太阳升起时21.be tied to the ground 被栓/绑在地上22.feel something on my leg 感觉某个东西在我的腿上23.move up over my stomach and neck 在我的肚子和脖子上移动24.look down 向下看，俯视 look down on 轻视，看不起25.the same size as 和……一样大be the same size as my little finger=be as big as my little finger26.start climbing all over me 开始爬遍我的全身27.there were around forty of them大约40个他们28.shout at 对……大喊大叫29.fall over 跌倒（后不能接宾语）30.get up 站起来，（使）起立；起床31.continue to do sth = continue doing sth 继续做某事32.move across one’s body爬过某人的身体33.begin talking to me开始和我交谈 begin to do sth/ doing sth34.I didn’t know what to say either. 我也不知道说什么35.try to pull one hand free 尽力挣脱一只手36.manage to do sth 设法完成某事 （manage , v 设法完成，管理---manager , n 经理 ）37.lift my hand into the air 把我的左手举在空中38.a huge army of (tiny people) 一大群（极小的人） 39.come straight towards me 径直向我走来40.run / get away (from) (从)……逃走41.find oneself unable to move 发现自己不能移动42.be unable to do sth 不能够做某事43.communicate with sb与某人交流44.advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 45.teach oneself = learn sth by oneself 自学46.recommend so many interesting books (to sb ) 推荐如此多有趣的书47.in such a short time 在如此短的时间内 48.hand in 上交 hand out 分发49.and so on ……等等50.read some reviews about the book before writing 在你写之前读一些有关这本书的评论51.return the book to the library = give the book back to the library 把书归还给图书馆52.on time 按时，准时 in time 及时 53.don’t have to do = needn’t do 不必，不需要 mustn’t 不允许，禁止　　must be (表示肯定的猜测“一定是”)---否定句can’t be “不可能”Must I hand it in before five ? Yes , you must. No, you needn’t/ don’t have to 54.every time 每次 55.renew the books online 在线续借这些书56.a British writer 一个英国作家 57.date of birth 出生日期 58.read sth to sb 读……给某人听59.publishing houses 出版社60.refuse to publish it 拒绝出版它 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事61.so far 到目前为止 = up to now = until now 62.be translated into 被翻译成……63.a Canadian writer 一个加拿大作家 64.in the very beginning 在一开始65.search for information on the computer在电脑上搜寻信息 search + 地点 search for +东西 66.at a time 每次，依次（前面加数字 at one time 曾经；同时 at that time 在那时67.How long can I keep the books ? For two weeks 这些书我能借多久 ？ 两周68.sail the sea to look for hidden treasure 航海去寻找隐藏的宝藏69.the main character 主要人物, 主人公70.give sb a lot of confidence 给某人许多信心(不可数名词) confident（形容词，自信的）71.as shy as I used to be 跟过去一样害羞 72.have exciting experiences有令人激动的经历(可数)73.five years’ teaching experience 5年的教学经验(不可数) 74.an experienced teacher 一个有经验的教师 （adj)75.your favourite type of book 你最喜欢的类型的书 76.receive as gifts 接受当礼物77.ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 take/ follow one’s advice 接受某人的建议78.reading hadits 阅读习惯 the habit of doing sth 做某事的习惯79..read a lot 经常读书80.before going to bed在上床睡觉之前 before /after /when doing sth81.the four great classical Chinese novels 中国四大古典小说82.opposite my home 在我家对面（介词）83.give sb advice on …… 给某人提关于……的建议 open up 开创、开辟、开启84.discuss what to read讨论读什么二、重要句型1. Have you decided what to do with these books, Hobo?what to do是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”，在句子中作动词decided的宾语。相当于特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：I don’t know what to do =I don’t know what I can do next. 我不知道下一步做什么。【拓展】疑问词what，which，how，where，when等可以和动词不定式连用，构成不定式短语。“疑问词＋动词不定式”可以做主语、宾语、表语等。例如：When to start off hasn’t been decided yet. 什么时候出发还没决定。（做主语）The question is which bus to take. 问题是乘哪辆公共汽车。（做表语）“疑问词＋动词不定式”可以由名词从句简化而来。I don’t know what I should say. → I don’t know what to say.我不知道我该说些什么。2. I’m interested in history books.be interested in...结构，意为“对„„感兴趣”，后面跟名词或动名词作宾语。例如：I amvery interested in the interesting story.我对这个有趣的故事很感兴趣。They are interested in playing computer games.他们对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。【拓展】辨析：interesting 与interested这两个词都是形容词。interesting表示某物本身有趣，强调主动，在句子中可以作定语、表语，多用来修饰物。interested着重于被动意义，其主语一般是人。常做表语，后接介词in，一起构成be interested in...结构，意为“对„„感兴趣”。3. After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could.as...as one can/could表示“尽某人所能„„”，相当于as...as possible。例如：Please come as early as you can. = Please come as early as possible.请尽可能早来。Lingling talks to her classmates in English as much as she can.= Lingling talks to her classmates in English as much as possible.玲玲尽可能多地用英语与同学们交谈。4. I shouted at them—the loud noise made them all fall over.make在此处是使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式，make sb. do sth.意为“使/让某人做某事”，类似的动词还有let，have等。被动语态中，为sb. be made to do sth.，意为“某人被迫做某事”。例如：They made us forget past. 他们使我们忘记了过去。The boss made him work for 15 hours a day.→He was made to work for 15 hours a day by the boss.老板让他一天工作15个小时。【拓展】make作“使„„”讲时，还可用make + 宾语+ 形容词/名词（作宾补），即make sb. / sth.+ adj./n.。类似的词还有keep等。例如：What he said makes us happy. 他所说的话使我们很高兴。Don’t keep the door open. 别把门开着。We made John our monitor. 我们选约翰当班长。5. Sandy is wondering where to ask for help.wonder作及物动词，意为“想知道；对„„感到怀疑”，常见的用法有：（1）后接who, what, why, where 等引导的宾语从句。例如：I wonder who she is. 我想知道她是谁。She wondered what the child was doing. 她感到疑惑，孩子究竟在干什么。I wonder why Ann is late. 我想知道安为什么迟到了。I wonder where they have gone. 我想知道他们去哪儿了。（2）后接that 引导的宾语从句，表示“对„„感到惊讶”，that常可省去。例如：I wonder (that) she has won therace. 我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。（3）后接if 或whether 引导的宾语从句，常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。例如：She wondered whether you were free that morning. 她想知道你那天上午是否有空。I wonder if he will succeed. 我不知道他会不会成功。