Unit 4 知识归纳 2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级上册

这是一份Unit 4 知识归纳 2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级上册，共6页。

waiting是动名词，和名词time构成名词短语
类似结构：washing machine 洗衣机 reading rm阅览室
swimming pl游泳池 sleeping bag睡袋
动名词的用法：
动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可做主语、宾语、表语和定语
Eg:Watching t much TV is nt gd fr yur eyes.(做主语)
We enjyed swimming.(做宾语)
Her jb is taking care f children.(做表语)
We tk the sleeping bag t g n vacatin.(做定语)
The DJs chse sngs the mst carefully.
chse(V)选择；挑选
chice(n)选择
其用法：
chse sth.fr sb.为某人挑选某物
chse 从...中挑选...
chse t d sth.选择做某事
chse sb. t d sth.选择某人做某事
Eg:We chse a nice present fr her.
Yu may chse ne frm these.
She chses t learn English rather than French.
The teacher chses me t answer the questin,but I have n idea.
have/has /had n chice but t d sth.除了做...别无选择
Eg:He has n chice but t wait the plane.
Hw d yu like it s far?
s far:到目前为止；迄今为止 (相当于up t nw)
s far:指从过去某一时刻开始一直到现在这一段时间（一般现在时/现在完成时）
Eg:What d yu think f the shw s far?(到目前为止，你觉得这场演出怎么样？)
We dn’t have enugh mney s far.
s far:如此远；仅到一定程度
Eg:I’m nt sure t walk s far.
I trust her nly s far.(我只能相信她这么多了)
mst creative
creative(adj)有创造力的；创造性的
ive是常见的形容词后缀，表示：具有...特性的；有...倾向的
Eg:active积极的；活跃的 attractive 具有吸引力的
impressive 给人印象深刻的 imaginative有想象力的
creatively (adv)创造性地 creature(n)生物
All these shws have ne thing in cmmn.
cmmn(n)与...相同 （adj）共同的；普通的
常用短语：
in cmmn with sb./sth.
与某人/某物一起
Eg:In cmmn with many thers,she applied fr a training place.
她已经与许多人一样申请了一个训练场地。
像某人/某事物一样
Eg：Yu are in cmmn with me.我么俩志趣相投。
cmmn 有相同特征
Eg:They are sisters,but they have nthing in cmmn.
That’s up t yu t decide.
be up t...是...的职责；由...决定
用法：
be up t 从事于；忙于(接n/动名词/prn)
Eg:We are up t the gd deeds. 我们在做有益的事情。
be up t sb.由某人决定；随某人
Eg:It’s up t yu.
be up t sb.t d sth.应由某人做某事
Eg:It is up t me t get thers mving.
usually play a rle in deciding the winner.
rle:(n)作用；职能；角色
play a rle in 在...中发挥作用
play the rle f 扮演...的角色
Eg:He plays the rle f a teacher in this mvie.
The Internet plays an imprtant rle in the daily life.
Sme think that the lives f the perfrmers are made up.
make up:编造
其他意思：
构成；组成；形成；占(...比列)
编造；捏造；虚构
整理
部分否定
Hwever,nt everybdy enjys watching these shws.
nt与all,bth,every及含有every等不定代词连用时，并不是否定全部，而是否定一部分
Eg:Nt all students like English.
Mney isn’t everything.
Bth f them are nt gd at singing. 他们俩并不都擅长唱歌。
The park is the mst crwded place n weekends.
crwded(adj)拥挤的 crwd：(n)人群、群众 (v)拥挤、挤满
The crwd is dancing at the square. Pupils crwd rund the teacher.
形容词和副词的最高级
形容词、副词最高级的构成
一般情况下，在原级后加est
Eg:lng-lngest clever-cleverest fast-fastest high-highest
cld-cldest great-greatest new-newest
以不发音字母e结尾的单词，直接加st
Eg:nice-nicest cute-cutest late-latest large-largest
以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，改y为i,再加est
Eg:happy-happiest heavy-heaviest friendly-friendliest
easy-easiest early-earliest busy-busiest
以辅元辅结尾的单词，先双写末尾辅音字母，再加est
Eg:big-biggest ht-httest thin-thinnest
多音节或部分双音节单词，在原级前加mst
Eg:creative-mst creative ppular-mst ppular
quickly-mst quickly
由动词+ed/ing构成的形容词，在其前面加est
Eg:interesting-mst interesting bring -mst bring
relaxed-mst relaxed excited-mst excited
由 “adj+ly”构成的adv,在其前面加mst
Eg:cheaply-mst cheaply cmfrtably-mst cmfrtably
不规则变化
Eg：gd/well-best bad/badly/ill-wrst many/much-mst
little-least far-farthest/furthest ld-ldest/eldest
形容词、副词最高级的用法
形容词或副词的最高级用于三者及以上的比较。最高级前一般要加定冠词the,但是当形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，不能再用the.
Eg:Yesterday was ne f his ______day.
busy B.busiest C.the busiest D.a busiest
序数词后用最高级 在表达“第几（大、长、远...）”时
Eg:TheYellw River is the secnd lngest river in China.
在表达 “最...的...之一”时，结构：ne f the +adj最高级+可数复数
Eg:Wuhan is ne f the biggest cities in ur cuntry.
形容词比较级可以表示最高级 the+最高级+f/in 与比较级+than any ther +单数名词 可以互相转换
Eg:He is the tallest by in ur class.
He is taller than any ther by in ur class.
He is taller than the ther bys in ur class.