2024届甘肃省兰州市高三下学期诊断考试英语试卷（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份2024届甘肃省兰州市高三下学期诊断考试英语试卷（原卷版+解析版），文件包含精品解析2024届甘肃省兰州市高三下学期诊断考试英语试卷原卷版docx、精品解析2024届甘肃省兰州市高三下学期诊断考试英语试卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共36页， 欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5 小题； 每小题1.5 分， 满分7.5 分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例： Hw much is the shirt?
A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18. C. £ 9.15
答案是C。
1. What is the wman ding?
A. Attending a party.
B. Making an invitatin.
C. Checking int a htel.
2. Hw much will the wman pay fr the bk?
A. $14. B. $16. C. $18.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A bk. B. A writer. C. A review.
4. What is the weather like nw?
A. Cludy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
5. What are the speakers discussing?
A. A cmpetitin. B. A language. C. A bk.
第二节 （共15 小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is Andy ging t d?
A. Play ftball. B. Pick up his friend. C. Watch a game.
7. Which f the fllwing will Andy tidy up?
A. The sitting rm. B. The bedrms. C. The kitchen.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Hw did Tny learn t play the pian?
A. By taking classes.
B. By teaching himself.
C. By learning frm his father.
9. Why des Tny take a part-time jb?
A. T be with children. B. T gain sme experience. C. T earn mney.
10. What will Tny talk abut next?
A. His childhd. B. His future plans. C. His cllege life.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why will Tm travel t Thailand?
A. T see a net friend.
B. T visit his relatives.
C. T learn abut Thai culture.
12. Where will Tm live during his time in Thailand?
A. At a htel. B. At a friend's hme. C. At a schl drmitry.
13. Wh is Karen?
A. The wman's aunt. B. The wman's cusin. C. The wman's daughter.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Why des Anna make the call?
A. T reprt a lss. B. T ask fr advice. C. T make an aplgy.
15. Wh is the wner f the necklace?
A. Jack. B. Michelle. C. Lisa.
16. Where is Anna?
A. At hme. B. At a htel. C. At a jewelry stre.
17. What will Anna d first?
A. G t a party. B. D the shpping. C. Give Lisa a call.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why did the speaker g t the small park?
A. T rganize an activity. B. T d sme cleaning. C. T take a walk.
19. Where des the speaker's mther wrk?
A. At a hspital. B. At a schl. C. At a park.
20. What did the speaker think f her vlunteer experience?
A. Challenging. B. Tiring. C. Enjyable.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Architectural Wnders Inspired by Nature
Atmium: Brussels
Originally cnstructed fr the 1958 Wrld’s Fair, r Exp 58, this weird (古怪的) building features nine intercnnected spheres (球体) measuring 335-feet high. Engineer Andre Waterkeyn and architects Andre and Jean Plak mdeled it after an irn crystal enlarged 165 billin times t represent faith in scientific prgress. Tday the interir is hme t a museum and several temprary exhibits.
The Cube Huses: Rtterdam
Despite all the hard angles and straight lines, architect Piet Blm actually tk inspiratin frm a frest f trees when designing these Dutch huses back in 1977. Each bright yellw cube is tilted (倾斜的) n its side by 45 degrees and anchred t a hexagn-shaped pyln (六边形塔架), representing a tree. The entrance t each three-level huse lies inside the cncrete “trunk” that cntains a staircase.
Taipei 101: Taipei
Standing at 1,671 feet tall, this 101-stry skyscraper was the tallest building in the wrld when it pened in Taipei’s mdern Xinyi District in 2004. Renwned architect C. Y. Lee mdeled it after a bamb stalk, and its repetitive sectins are full f symblism. There are a ttal f eight parts cmprised f eight flrs each -a lucky number in Chinese culture.
Helix Bridge: Singapre
An internatinal team, assembled frm Architects 61 in Singapre, designed this ftbridge stretching ver Marina Bay, linking the famus htel and shpping center with the ArtScience Museum and Gardens by the Bay. The inspiratin cmes frm the duble helix (螺旋的) structure f a DNA mlecule. Opened in 2010, the 919-ft lng curved structure has five viewing platfrms, giving pedestrians spectacular views f the skyline frm acrss the waterfrnt.
1. What was the riginal purpse f building Atmium?
A. Preparing fr Exp 58.
B. Preparing fr a museum.
C. Preparing fr sme exhibits.
D. Preparing fr an irn crystal.
2 What is special abut The Cube Huses?
A. They are very straight like big trees.
B. Each cube is tilted abut 45 degrees.
C. They are the ldest f the 4 buildings.
D. They are designed by a famus architect.
3. Where shuld yu g if yu want t visit well-knwn htels?
A. T Atmium.B. T the Cube Huses.
C. T Taipei 101.D. T Helix Bridge.
B
Fr the past 8 years, K-9 fficer Rni has been by the side f Officer Jel Nitchman f the Deer Park, Texas plice department. They’ve been thrugh a lt tgether, and the cp (警察) thinks f the dg as a member f his wn family. Recently, the team had just returned t the statin when an EF-3 trnad suddenly frmed nearby.
The wind picked up fast. Remembering Rni was still inside his cage in the patrl car, Jel didn’t think twice abut rushing utside int the strm t get his partner. “The thught f ruins, r the car flipping I culdn’t d that t him,” said Jel. “I culdn’t have him ut there during that.” He felt debris (碎片) hitting his face as he headed int the wind, and he knew the situatin was wrsening with every passing secnd.
Cnditins wrsened even further when Jel made it arund t the ther side f the car. The wind and rain were s strng that he culdn’t get the dr pen. When he finally pened it, Rni refused t mve. “I culd barely pen his dr,” Jel said. “When I did, he’s a smart dg, he saw what was ging n utside and he said I’m nt cming ut.” With a lt f caxing (劝诱), Rni finally fllwed his partner ut f the car, and Jel was able t lead him by the cllar back int the safety f the statin.
“Never been thrugh anything like this befre,” Jel said f the frightening event. Nw that the danger has passed, he feels even clser t his K-9 partner, and he’d d it all ver again, if he had. “I lve that dg,” he explained. “He’s a part f ur family. We can’t leave a lved ne like that. There’s n way I was ging t leave him like that.”
Well dne fficer! It’s nice t knw that these cps have each ther’s backs thrugh thick and thin.
4. What is the relatinship between Rni and Jel like?
A. Plain.B. Distant.C. Terrible.D. Inseparable.
5. Why did Jel rush ut despite the cming disaster?
A. Rni was still n duty utside.
B. He attempted t get the car inside.
C. He went t rescue Rni stuck in the car.
D. He wanted t learn mre abut the tmad.
6. What is the mst unexpected difficulty during the rescue f Rni?
A. Lack f fficial help.
B. Rni’s fear f the danger.
C. The pr quality f the dr.
D. The unsafe situatin f the statin.
7. Hw des the experience influence Rni and Jel?
A. They are mre attached t each ther.
B. They are nw living clser t each ther.
C. They have mre lved nes in their lives.
D. They are mre independent f each ther.
C
The ceans play a crucial rle in lightening glbal warming by absrbing carbn dixide emissins. Hwever, in a study cnducted by the University f Texas, researchers fund that the ceans’ capacity t absrb carbn dixide (CO₂) wuld reach its maximum by 2100 and decrease t half f its current efficiency by 2300, based n a climate simulatin (模拟) that was set fr a wrst-case emissins scenari (设想).
The decline happens because f a surface layer f lw-alkalinity (碱度) water that can hinder the ability f the ceans t absrb CO₂. Alkalinity affects hw much CO₂ can disslve in seawater. Althugh the emissins scenari used in the study is unlikely because f glbal effrts t limit greenhuse gas emissins, the findings reveal a previusly unknwn tipping pint that if activated wuld release an imprtant brake n glbal warming.
“We need t think abut these wrst-case scenaris t understand hw ur CO₂ emissins might affect the ceans nt just this century, but next century and the fllwing centuries. Climate simulatins had previusly shwn that the ceans slw their absrptin f CO₂ ver time, but nne had cnsidered alkalinity as an explanatin. We recalculated pieces f a 450-year simulatin until we hit n alkalinity as a key cause f the slwing.” said Megumi Chikamt, wh led the research at the University f Texas Institute.
The effect begins with extreme climate change, which slws cean currents. This leaves the surface f the ceans cvered in a warm layer f fresh water that wn’t mix easily with the cler, mre al kaline waters belw it. That means mre f it is left behind in the atmsphere. This in turn prduces faster warming, which sustains and strengthens the lw-alkalinity surface layer. C-authr, Pedr DiNezi, said that the discvery was a pwerful reminder that the wrld needs t reduce its CO₂ emissins t avid crssing this and ther tipping pints.
8. What may happen after the year 2300?
A. Mre CO₂ will be absrbed by the ceans.
B. The ceans will lse all their current efficiency.
C. The wrld will face even mre severe warming.
D. The ceans will be less crucial t glbal warming.
9. What des the underlined wrd “hinder” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Imprve.B. Weaken.C. Prtect.D. Cntrl.
10. What des Megumi Chikamt say abut the ceans?
A. Finding why they slw CO₂ intake is hard.
B. Their ability t absrb CO₂ is at their maximum.
C. They will decide n the future f human beings.
D. They will slw dwn CO₂ absrptin very quickly.
11. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A bilgy textbk.B. A gvernment reprt.
C. Science fictin.D. An envirnmental jurnal.
D
The ability t track animals and plants is up in the air —literally —thanks t help frm an unexpected surce.
Arund the glbe, many air quality cntrl statins filter (过滤) air thrugh small paper disks n a daily r weekly basis, allwing scientists t ensure cncentratins f harmful pllutants such as heavy metals are belw certain levels. But the filters als pick up plant and animal DNA having been scattered (播撒) int the wind.
The eDNA, shrt fr envirnmental DNA, n thse filters culd make air quality cntrl statins a treasure huse f samples catalging lcal animals and plants. Such recrds culd help researchers track bidiversity at a larger scale and mre easily catch species declines r track hw ecsystems are changing verall.
“We’re effectively carrying n with it fr a ttally new use,” says Elizabeth Clare, a mlecular eclgist at Yrk University.
“It never ccurred t us that these filters capturing particulate (微粒的) matter culd even be analyzed fr eDNA,” says James Allertn, an air quality scientist in England. That changed when Allertn read a news stry abut tw studies where scientists cleared animal DNA ut f thin air at tw zs, ne in England —led by Clare —and anther in Denmark.
Learning abut the ptential fr capturing eDNA sparked a “light bulb mment,” Allertn says, and he reached ut t Clare t cperate.
Clare, Allertn and clleagues analyzed filters frm the Teddingtn facility that were expsed t surrunding air fr ne hur, ne day r ne week. The team als examined eight-mnth-ld filters frm an air quality cntrl statin in Sctland that had each been expsed t air fr a week.
Genetic material in the filters revealed the presence f mre than 180 different types f lcal animal grups including pine trees, badgers, wls, fungi and news. That vlume is surprising given that the filters and strage cnditins weren't set up with eDNA in mind. That the researchers recvered s much eDNA frm a system designed t mnitr air quality shws hw cmmn airbrne (空气中的) DNA is and hw much bidiversity data culd be up fr grabs.
12. What is the new use f air quality cntrl statins?
A. T purify air by decreasing pllutants in it.
B. T study the links between man and animals.
C. T cncentrate n effects f animals n climate.
D. T help track the categries f animals and plants.
13. Hw des James Allertn react t the technlgy f capturing eDNA?
A. He felt dubtful and hesitant t use it.
B. He felt useful but reluctant t admit it.
C. He felt unimaginable but ready t accept it.
D. He felt amazed but refused t have an attempt.
14. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Airbrne DNA is quite uncmmn in the system.
B. Over 180 types f living plants have been detected.
C. It is nt easy fr researchers t cllect bidiversity data.
D. Researchers didn't take eDNA int accunt in the first place.
15. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Air Pllutants are Fund in Animals and Plants
B. Tracking Evlutin f Living Things Benefits eDNA
C. Air Pllutin Mnitring May Help Track Bidiversity
D. eDNA Technlgy Prves a Big Success in Air Detectin
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Create Gd Habits
Have yu ever made a prmise t yurself that yu didn’t keep? Cmmnly, when the new year ticks ver, we make reslutins: ging t the gym, studying harder r giving up a bad habit. ____16____. But what if yu want t create a new gd habit? Well, it’s pssible, but willpwer might nt be the nly thing yu need.
The basic idea f a habit is smething we d almst uncnsciusly, as if yu’re n autpilt. ____17____. Gd habits can be part f yur daily rutine. But if we dn’t have thse habits, hw can we create them? Accrding t a study published by the Eurpean Jurnal f Scial Psychlgy, it takes an average f 66 days t frm a new habit. Hwever, relying nly n determinatin may nt be the answer.
Questining why yu want smething t be the nrm (标准) rather than relying n yur reslve (决心) culd be the key. ____18____? The issue is, willpwer culd be subject t yur md —a bad md may mean yu dn’t want t d smething.
____19____. Giving up all yur favurite fds, ging t the gym, and stpping drinking at the same time will prbably result in failure rather than sustainable practice. And dn’t wrry abut failing —just start again!
Finally, dn’t d things utside yur cmfrt zne. If yu hate mushrms, dn’t persevere and try t add them t yur diet just t be healthier. ____20____! It might nt be quick, but if yu fllw these tips, yu may be able t change smething fr the better r kick a bad habit.
A. Eat smething yu like
B. Learn smething new every day
C. Yu shuld als avid trying t change t much at nce
D. Sadly, nt lng after we’ve made the prmise, we ften end up breaking them
E. An example f this wuld be having breakfast r saying “please” and “thank yu”
F. Is it f great imprtance fr peple t frm a gd habit f keeping a balanced diet
G. D yu want t lse weight because yu want t be healthier r feel mre attractive
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分.满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In late 2021, I began t have a little bit f a midlife crisis. When my father was 48 years ld, he had a heart attack that nearly ended his life. As I ____21____ my mid-frties, I knew that I needed t make a change in my life. I wanted t d smething ____22____ t prve t myself and everyne else arund me that I wasn’t ging t have the same fate.
As I was trying t determine what kind f ____23____ that I wanted t set, I fund a ____24____ called The Rut. The Rut is a series f races that are ____25____ in Big Sky, Mntana every September. There’s multiple distances, but the 28 Kilmeter ____26____ is the mst ppular, as well as the mst ____27____ f the entire series. This race is regularly listed in the tp ten mst difficult races in the wrld. It invlves almst 8,000 feet f elevatin (海拔)____28____ . This was the type f race I was ____29____ .
I als did a detailed training _____30_____ . Even if I was traveling fr business, I wuld stick t it and never _____31_____ a wrkut (训练). And then came race day.
That day, Big Sky Mntana, was unseasnably _____32_____ , almst 100 degrees Fahrenheit. The race is ging almst entirely abve tree line, which means that yu just are _____33_____ t the elements (恶劣天气) nearly the entire time. Many peple _____34_____ ut f the race halfway. But I finished it. When I reached the finish line, I was greeted by my wife and children, als friends that had traveled with us t Big Sky that day. This was the biggest challenge I had made fr myself, but I _____35_____ it.
21.
A. finishedB. designedC. apprachedD. changed
22.
A. publicB. bigC. equalD. dangerus
23.
A. recrdB. testC. galD. trap
24.
A. raceB. trainingC. twnD. place
25.
A. adptedB. createdC. cveredD. hsted
26
A. distanceB. displayC. cmpetitinD. game
27.
A. excitingB. challengingC. breathtakingD. surprising
28.
A. rideB. trubleC. gainD. shw
29.
A. changing frB. leaving frC. paying frD. lking fr
30.
A. planB. serviceC. exchangeD. center
31
A. servedB. missedC. fferedD. fllwed
32.
A. htB. clC. mildD. cmmn
33.
A. expectedB. usedC. expsedD. prved
34.
A. keptB. tkC. hidD. drpped
35.
A. frgtB. madeC. caughtD. appreciated
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is knwn as Xia fr its grand etiquette (礼仪) culture, and knwn as Hua fr its beautiful attire (衣裳). With the ____36____ (change) in sciety, ecnmic develpment, and cultural develpment, clthing has evlved ver thusands f years. Hwever, while the frms may have been changed, the essence (本质) ____37____ (remain) cnstant.
“In ancient China, emperrs like Huangdi. Ya, and Shun brught peace t the wrld thrugh their clthing.” Clthing hlds ____38____ significant place in Chinese culture. It is nt nly used fr daily wear, ____39____ (cver) the bdy and prtect it frm cld but als as an instrument f management. In ancient Chinese sciety, there were strict rules and dress cdes abut clthing. The presence f clthing distinguished civilizatin ____40____ barbarism (野蛮), while changes in clr and style ____41____ (gradual) develped int a frm f etiquette. Their design cnveyed behaviral nrms and ____42____ (they) patterns were rich in cultural significance. Mrever, ancient attire were als an imprtant carrier f mrality. China has always been knwn as a natin ____43____ values frmal attire and etiquette.
What is the Chinese style? It is smething that makes peple think f China as sn as they see it. Fr example, the hrse-face skirt, which ____44____ (favr) by internatinal brands and Chinese peple fr many years, will cntinue t be attractive. Chinese clthing, as a classical style. has been knwn t the wrld vernight with gd pprtunities. It’s nt just a traditinal cstume style but als a surce f _____45_____ (admire).
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Alex准备来你所在的城市旅游，请你给他写一封邮件，推荐你所在城市的某一特色景点，内容包括：
1.特色景点简介；
2.给出参观建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Dear Alex,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The snwstrm was suppsed t hit the evening f Mnday, Jan. 31, 2022. My clleague and I were c-signing an emergency financial aid check fr a student at First Natins University in Regina, then he left fr the day. As I was packing up, I nticed he had left his laptp bag there.
“Sht,” he said when I called him. “I’m already hme.”
“I can bring it t yu.” I assured him. It was just past 4:30 p. m. The snw wasn’t suppsed t start until later. It tk me abut 15 minutes t get t my clleague’s huse, where I drpped ff the laptp case and gt right back n the rad. Then suddenly the snw started -and it was cming dwn fast. Within minutes I was in a whiteut.
The rad sn switched frm paved t gravel (碎石), frcing me t slw dwn. The windws were fgging up and getting cvered with snw. It was extremely cld utside. I didn’t have a clue where I was r even which side f the rad I was n. I kept the car running t stay warm and called 911, but they said nbdy was cming t get me until mrning at the earliest.
It was nw abut 6 p. m. and dark. I stpped the car and texted my clleague whse laptp bag I had just returned. But he had an idea. “Pin yur lcatin n Ggle Maps and send it t me,” he said. I did, and a few minutes later he texted me back a screensht f the satellite view f where I was. We figured ut that I was n a rad called Buvier Lane, in between tw farms. It was nw 6:30 p. m. We psted this new infrmatin t ur Facebk cmmunity grup, pleading (恳求) fr anyne wh knew wh lived n the farms t help me get rescued.
Sn enugh, thugh, peple started chiming (发表评论) in n my pst. They knew the farmer wh lived there! I gt a message frm smene wh was ging t put me in tuch with them.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At 8 p. m., my cellphne rang.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
By 5:30 the next mrning, walking ut f the huse, I fund tw peple n the driveway.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________