2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第22天

这是一份2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第22天，共23页。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·湖北·高三校联考期中）
Things t d in Cab Crrientes, Jalisc, MexIc！
◆ Rhythms f the Night-Sunset Cruise(乘船游览)
Duratin: 5 hrs
Kick ff the evening with a scenic cruise acrss Banderas Bay t Las Caletas. Las Caletas, nce hme t a Hllywd mvie directr Jhn Hustn, ffers frnt-rw sunset seats, and dinner tables just steps away frm the water. The buffet-style menu ffers a wide variety f chices. Watch the lively perfrmance f ancient ceremnies and be lst in histrical stries abut Jalisc. Yu must be able t climb and g dwn stairs.
◆ Sayulita Escape
Duratin: 3 hrs
Hp n a pwerful UTV(utility task vehicle) t explre Sayulita, a nice beach twn nt far frm Vallarta. Ride ver muddy rads and a riverbed t reach the small cmmunity famus fr its relaxing atmsphere. Sn after hitting the main rad, yur guide turns nt ne f the dusty frest paths. When yu are ready, a picnic lunch, an pen bar, and a knwledgeable crew await yur return t the ship. Wheelchair accessibility is available.
◆ Las Caletas Beach Hideaway
Duratin: 7 hrs
The use f kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddlebards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admissin t Kids Adventure Park fr the yung nes. Yu can even swim ut t an ffshre platfrm t practice yur diving skills. Wheelchair accessibility is nt available.
◆Street Fd and Tac Tur in Puert vallarta
Duratin: 6hrs 30mins
Enjy a feast f lcal flavrs in ur fd and tacs-tasting tur. Discver Puert Vallarta's best flavrs t the lcals'eye. Learn abut the lcal culture and life, while yu eat where the lcals d with their belved nes. Wheelchair accessibility is nt avaliable.
1．What can turists d n the tur Rhythms f the Night-Sunset Cruise?
A．Enjy free dinners.
B．Cme acrss the mvie directr Jhn Hustn.
C．Learn abut the histry f Jalisc.
D．Watch the scenic sunrise.
2．Hw des the tur Sayulita Escape differ frm the ther nes?
A．It includes a licensed guide.
B．It is mre friendly t the disabled.
C．It ffers varius water event.
D．It has adventurus rutes.
3．Which tur suits families with kids?
A．Las Caletas Beach Hideaway.
B．Sayulita Escape.
C．Rhythms f the Night-Sunset Cruise.
D．Street Fd and Tac Tur in Puert Vallarta.
B
（2023·江苏扬州·高三扬州中学校考期末）
Once a circle missed a wedge (楔子). The circle wanted t be whle, s it went arund lking fr its missing piece. But because it was incmplete and therefre culd rll nly very slwly, it admired the flwers alng the way. It chatted with wrms. It enjyed the sunshine. Finally it fund a piece that fit perfectly. It was s happy. Nw that it was a perfect circle, it culd rll very fast, t fast t ntice flwers r talk t the wrms. When it realized hw different the wrld seemed when it rlled s quickly, it stpped, left its fund piece by the side f the rad and rlled slwly away.
In sme strange sense we are mre whle when we are missing smething. The man wh has everything is in sme ways a pr man. He will never knw what it feels like t yearn, t hpe, t nurish(滋润) his sul with the dream f smething better. He will never knw the experience f having smene wh lves him give him smething he has always wanted r never had.
There is whleness abut the persn wh has cme t terms with his limitatins, wh has been brave enugh t let g f his unrealistic dreams and des nt feel like a failure fr ding s. There is whleness abut the man r wman wh has learned that he r she is strng enugh t g thrugh a tragedy(悲剧) and survive — he r she can lse smene and still feel like a cmplete persn.
Life is mre like a baseball seasn, when even the best team lses ne third f its games and even the wrst team has its days f brilliance. Our gal is t win mre games than we lse. When we accept that imperfectin is part f being human, and when we can cntinue rlling thrugh life and appreciate it, we will have achieved whleness that thers can nly lng fr.
4．Which may be an example f being whle?
A．A persn has everything.
B．A persn accepts his r her limitatins.
C．A persn lves smene and is lved.
D．A persn feels blue fr drpping unrealistic gals.
5．Hw is a baseball seasn similar t life?
A．Easy cme, easy g.
B．Failure is the mther f success.
C．Energy and persistence cnquer all things.
D．Sme battles yu win and sme battles yu lse.
6．Hw des the authr clarify his idea?
A．Mainly by cmparing.
B．Mainly by reasning.
C．Mainly by infrming.
D．Mainly by arguing.
7．What can be the best title fr the passage?
A．Pursue perfectin in life
B．Be whle in life
C．Life withut mistakes is whle
D．N pains, n gains
C
（2023·江苏泰州·高三统考一模）
After the seasn fr giving, it is the ne fr thrwing away. Each year in late December and early January a massive amunt f plastic packaging is discarded wrldwide. In Britain alne husehlds generate 30% mre waste, an extra 3m tnnes, in the mnth ver Christmas. Mst is destined fr landfill. Sweden will d less damage than many, thugh. The cuntry nw recycles at a recrd level. Almst three-quarters (74%) f plastic packaging waste was recycled there in 2021, the highest prprtin in Eurpe.
Much f Sweden’s success is due t a depsit refund scheme. Custmers pay €0.10 extra when buying drinks cntainers. After use, these can be fed int reverse vending machines installed in shps, which spit the depsit back ut. The machines’ cntents are sent directly t recycling centres. By the end f 2021, 92% f all bttles and cans sld in Sweden were being returned. The verall plastic packaging recycling rate increased by almst 20%.
The Swedish gvernment says the scheme has arused a ptential enthusiasm fr recycling in its citizens. Nearly 90% f Swedes have used the machines at least nce. Hwever, Swedes d nt generally describe themselves as ec-fighters. A 2021 survey by the Eurpean Cmmissin fund they were less likely than mst ther Eurpeans t regard envirnmental issues as “very imprtant”.
The eagerness f Swedish recyclers may stem nt frm a lve f the Earth but frm a lw net wrth. A tenth f the ppulatin get by n less than €245 a mnth. In big cities it is cmmn t see peple scping recyclable items ut f bins t take t the machines.
Less litter and mney fr peple wh need it seems like a win-win. But it might nt in fact be best fr the envirnment in the lng run. In Germany—where a similar, widely used refund depsit scheme has been in place since 2003—the earnings frm keeping the depsits frm unreturned bttles seem t have discuraged prducers frm switching t mre sustainable packaging.
8．What might mst Swedish custmers d under the depsit refund scheme?
A．They send their drinks cntainers directly t recycling centres.
B．They spend mre n drinks than ther Eurpean custmers.
C．They return their used drinks cntainers.
D．They use vending machines t buy drinks.
9．What did the 2021 survey find ut?
A．Sweden beat many cuntries in plastic recycling.
B．Swedes had lw envirnmental awareness.
C．Swedes made much mney frm recycling.
D．Sweden had an unequal incme distributin.
10．What is the authr’s attitude t the depsit refund scheme?
A．Psitive.B．Uninterested.C．Ambiguus. D．Unfavurable.
11．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Why Swedes cash in n their trash.
B．Hw waste turns int treasure in Sweden.
C．Wh are recycling plastic bttles in Sweden.
D．Where Swedes thrw away their plastic packaging.
D
（2023·河北保定·统考一模）
The tw terms nature and nurture have been subjects f cmparisn since the 16th century. The argument is centered n the questin as t whether it is nature r nurture that makes us wh we are.
Nature prvides the starting pint fr an rganism that will interact with nurture, the envirnment, during the rganism’s life. Nature des nt just affect an rganism during its lifetime, but it als can directly affect the expressin f genes in ffspring (后代). Fr the Geneticists, they believe that ur lives are entirely determined by genetics, which is nature. An ppsing view is that there is n indicatin that genes (基因) determines ne’s persnality, rather there is grwing evidence that nurture serves as the determining factr in persnality develpment.
Nurture refers t the cnditins under which living things grw and develp after birth. When applied t human beings, it means hw the persn is raised, which includes nutritin, educatin, care, as well as the kind f surrundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.
The argument f nature and nurture as t which is mre imprtant is necessitated by an attempt t differentiate hw much effect genetics has n a persn’s develpment against hw easily humans are influenced by ne’s envirnment.
While nurture undeniably plays its part n the grwth and develpment f ne’s persnality, nature dramatically utweighs nurture, fr nature can be likened t a fundatin. The impact f nurture n the develpment f persns cannt be ttally denied. Hwever, nature is regarded as being f mst imprtance because f the fact that it affrds an pprtunity and creates a fundatin and the basis fr the questin f nurture t arise at the very first instance. Even withut nurture, the nature impact can still stand independently withut necessarily causing destructin. Mre s, even when the nurture impact is successfully effected, it des nt remve the genetic characteristics f a persn. It therefre stands crrectly that nature is that which determines the substance f a persn.
12．What can we learn frm Paragraph 2?
A．Nature’s rle is supprted by additinal evidence.
B．Persnality develpment is determined by nurture.
C．Nature impacts gene expressin in later generatin.
D．Envirnment shapes persnality mre than genetics.
13．What des Paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A．What nurture means t human beings.
B．Hw living things develp after birth.
C．Hw nurture shapes human develpment.
D．Hw surrundings influence human beings.
14．Hw des the authr stress the greater imprtance f nature?
A．By giving examples.
B．By making cntrast.
C．By cnducting experiments.
D．By citing research data.
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A．A Lng Stry f Nature and Nurture
B．A New Research n Nature and Nurture
C．Wh Can Tell What Makes Wh We Are?
D．Which Is Mre Imprtant, Nature r Nurture?
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·山东·曲阜师大附中高三试题）
Swimming is an excellent frm f exercise fr beginners because it is gentle n the bdy. It des nt shake yur bnes r damage yur jints, but swimming is still effective fr weight lss. Swimming imprves yur cardivascular (心血管的) fitness and flexibility. 16 .
If yu d nt knw hw t swim, adult lessns are ften available at gyms. 17 . Yu can learn hw t mre effectively wrk ut in the pl with just a few lessns. Swimming styles include freestyle, backstrke, breaststrke and butterfly.
18 . It is imprtant that yu stick t the psted guidelines, which are meant t keep the swimming pls running prperly. There are different rules fr different pls. But the majrity request that yu shwer befre yu enter the pl. 19 .
Yu will find that there are als psted rules abut using the lanes (泳道) f the pl. This simply means that the pl is divided up s multiple peple can use it at the same time. At times, yu may share a lane with ne r mre ther swimmers. 20 . Yu need t stay in the apprpriate lane. Find a lane in the pl where the ther swimmers are similar t yu. When several swimmers are using the same lane, all swimmers swim in a cunterclckwise (逆时针方向的) directin.
A．It can help recver sn
B．Stay in the slw lane if yu're new
C．Besides, the water helps strengthen yur muscles
D．When this happens, think f it as driving n the highway
E．If using a pl at a gym, yu need fllw certain pl rules
F．This rule helps keep the pl water clean by remving bdy ils and sweat
G．Even if yu learned t swim as a child, yu may want t cnsider signing up fr a class
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·河北·高三石家庄一中实验学校校联考期末）
When I first visited Mexic, I spke Spanish well. S when I 1 an ice-cream in a shp, and the lcal seller said “ahrita,” which directly translates t “right nw,” I smiled and waited nearby, believing that its arrival was 2 .
Half an hur passed and still n ice-cream arrived, s I asked again abut it. “Ahrita,” he 3 again and his face was a mix f cnfusin and 4 .
I was 5 . Waiting lnger wasn’t pleasant, but it was implite t walk away if the ice-cream was nw being delivered just fr me. But finally, after waiting t lng, I made a rush fr the nearest bus t take me hme. 6 , it really wasn’t my fault. As I left, I 7 at my wrist and shrugged t the ice-cream seller, leaving him in 8 cnfusin.
This experience 9 in my memry until years later when I came back t live in Mexic. I discvered that understanding “ahrita” tk nt a 10 in the language, but rather a fluency in the 11 . When smene frm Mexic says “ahrita,” it shuld almst never be taken literally (照字面地); its meaning 12 greatly with cntext. As a linguist 13 , “Ahrita culd mean tmrrw, in an hur, within five years r never.” It is even used as a(n) 14 way f saying “n, thanks” when refusing a(n) 15 .
1．A．selectedB．rderedC．pickedD．bught
2．A．certainB．regularC．scheduledD．immediate
3．A．respndedB．liedC．refusedD．exclaimed
4．A．reliefB．cmfrtC．panicD．embarrassment
5．A．trnB．ashamedC．dubtfulD．sure
6．A．HpefullyB．LuckilyC．ObviuslyD．Thankfully
7．A．staredB．signaledC．shutedD．aimed
8．A．ttalB．mdestC．unexpectedD．amazing
9．A．remainedB．fadedC．shneD．appeared
10．A．timeB．histryC．mannersD．fluency
11．A．habitB．shppingC．cultureD．time
12．A．variesB．grwsC．extendsD．stays
13．A．questinsB．expectsC．utlinesD．illustrates
14．A．pliteB．funnyC．amazingD．ppular
15．A．applicatinB．designC．fferD．request
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·山东潍坊·统考素养能力测评）
In the China Pavilin at the sixth China Internatinal Imprt Exp in Shanghai, a piece f bamb art resembling a Taihu Lake Stne was the center f attentin. Perfectly 1 (cmbine) traditinal craftwrk with natural art, it demnstrated the beauty f the stne 2 which it was mdeled. It was the wrk f Qian Lihuai, an inheritr f traditinal bamb weaving techniques.
“Bamb weaving lacks dcumented recrds; the skills have always been passed dwn rally. I spent 3 cnsiderable perid interviewing seasned craftsmen 4 carefully gathering recrds f weaving techniques,” Qian explains.
After understanding the fundatinal lgic f bamb weaving and the patterns, Qian began t add artistic 5 (tuch) t his bamb weaving.
“My artistic innvatin centers arund 6 weaving can cnvey the nature f the wrld. Fr instance, we emply a 7 (diversity) range f clrs t strengthen its expressive ptential, filling bamb weaving with a cnvincing language,” Qian adds.
Additinally, there is a dynamic cnnectin and dialgue with ther materials. “ 8 (bamb) unique cmbinatin f rigidity and flexibility, distinct frm many ther materials like metals r textiles, 9 (psitin) it in a prper zne. I believe it can be used as an excellent adhesive (粘合剂) with ther materials,” Qian explains.
He has als taught his bamb weaving techniques at Zhejiang University f Science and Technlgy, and says previusly the curse 10 (design) t encurage pen-minded thinking, explring the ways t integrate bamb weaving expertise int different fields.
第【22】天 自我评测
日期
用时（建议60分钟内）
成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日
分钟
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了墨西哥一座城市的几个旅游项目。
1．细节理解题。根据第一部分倒数第二句“Watch the lively perfrmance f ancient ceremnies and be lst in histrical stries abut Jalisc.”可知，在这段乘船旅程中，人们可以欣赏到有关Jalisc的历史故事，也就是能了解到其历史。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二部分最后一句“Wheelchair accessibility is available.”可知，这一旅程中是可以使用轮椅的，而其他项目中都明确说明了不能使用轮椅（第一部分指出要上下楼梯也不行）。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三部分“The use f kayaks(独木舟)and stand-up paddlebards is all available, as well as a scenic nature walk and admissin t Kids Adventure Park fr the yung nes.”可知，该项目也给孩子提供相应的游玩地点，比较适合父母带孩子一起参加。故选A项。
【答案】4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章以一个小故事引出话题——人生不在于完美, 而在于完整。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段There is whleness abut the persn wh has cme t terms with his limitatins, wh has been brave enugh t let g f his unrealistic dreams and des nt feel like a failure fr ding s.（人生的完整性在于一个人知道如何面对他的缺陷，如何勇敢地摒弃那些不现实的幻想而又不以此为缺憾）可知一个人接受他或她的缺陷，可能是“完整”的例子。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段Life is mre like a baseball seasn, when even the best team lses ne third f its games and even the wrst team has its days f brilliance. Our gal is t win mre games than we lse. （人生更像是一个棒球赛季，即使最好的球队也会输掉三分之一的比赛，而最差的球队也有春风得意的时候。我们的目标是赢的比赛比输的多）可知棒球赛季和生活的相似之处在于你有输有赢。故选D。
6．推理判断题。第二段内容(人生“完美”的人)和第三段内容(人生完整的人)作对比; 最后一段又拿baseball seasn和life作比较, 因此作者主要是通过作对比和作比较的方法来澄清他的观点的。故选A。
7．主旨大意题。本文作者通过圆和楔子的小故事感悟出这样的道理:从某种奇怪的意义上讲,当我们失去某些东西的时候,我们反而会更加完整,人生不在于完美而在于完整。因此不管是从故事内容还是从其诠释的人生哲理上，B项“完整的生命”作标题是最佳的。故选B。
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是瑞典通过押金退还政策，成为欧洲塑料包装回收再利用比例最高的国家，但是这一政策可能阻碍了生产商转向可持续的包装。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Custmers pay €0.10 extra when buying drinks cntainers. After use, these can be fed int reverse vending machines installed in shps, which spit the depsit back ut.(客户在购买饮料容器时额外支付 0.10 欧元。使用后，这些可以送入安装在商店中的反向自动售货机，这些自动售货机将押金吐出。)”可知，顾客在消费完产品后，将包装退还，售货机就会退回之前交的押金，所以瑞典人在押金退还计划下会将包装退回。故选C项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A 2021 survey by the Eurpean Cmmissin fund they were less likely than mst ther Eurpeans t regard envirnmental issues as “very imprtant”.(欧盟委员会 2021 年的一项调查发现，与大多数其他欧洲人相比，他们不太可能将环境问题视为“非常重要”。)”可知，瑞典人相比其他欧洲人认为环境问题很重要的可能性不大，由此可知，研究发现瑞典人有较低的环保意识。故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Less litter and mney fr peple wh need it seems like a win-win. But it might nt in fact be best fr the envirnment in the lng run.(为需要它的人减少垃圾和金钱似乎是双赢的。但从长远来看，这实际上可能不是对环境最好的。)”可知，作者认为，从长远看来，这种押金退还政策对环保不是最好的，由此可知，作者对此政策的态度不是很支持。故选D项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“The Swedish gvernment says the scheme has arused a ptential enthusiasm fr recycling in its citizens.(瑞典政府表示，该计划激起了公民对回收的潜在热情。)”可知，该计划激起了公民捡拾废品热情，但是第四段中的“The eagerness f Swedish recyclers may stem nt frm a lve f the Earth but frm a lw net wrth.(瑞典回收商的热情可能不是源于对地球的热爱，而是源于其较低的净资产。)”表明，瑞典的回收商不是看中对环境保护的作用，而是源于其低净资产，所以很多人都热衷于捡瓶子换钱，综上信息可知，瑞典人之所以捡拾垃圾，而且回收利用率在整个欧洲中最高，不是看在对环境保护的重要作用上，而是通过捡拾垃圾可以增加收入，所以全文的题目应该为：为什么瑞典人在垃圾中获利。故选A项。
【答案】12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。先天和后天这两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。文章论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Nature prvides the starting pint fr an rganism that will interact with nurture, the envirnment, during the rganism’s life. Nature des nt just affect an rganism during its lifetime, but it als can directly affect the expressin f genes in ffspring (后代). (在有机体的一生中，先天为有机体提供了与滋养、环境相互作用的起点。先天不仅会影响一个生物体的一生，还会直接影响其后代的基因表达)”可知，先天影响后代的基因表达。故选C。
13．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Nurture refers t the cnditins under which living things grw and develp after birth. When applied t human beings, it means hw the persn is raised, which includes nutritin, educatin, care, as well as the kind f surrundings, such as cultural influence, family and friends.(后天指的是生物出生后生长发育的条件。当应用于人类时，它指的是一个人是如何成长的，包括营养、教育、照顾，以及环境的类型，如文化影响、家庭和朋友)”可知，第三段主要讨论了后天对人类意味着什么。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While nurture undeniably plays its part n the grwth and develpment f ne’s persnality, nature dramatically utweighs nurture, fr nature can be likened t a fundatin. The impact f nurture n the develpment f persns cannt be ttally denied. Hwever, nature is regarded as being f mst imprtance because f the fact that it affrds an pprtunity and creates a fundatin and the basis fr the questin f nurture t arise at the very first instance.(不可否认，后天培养在一个人的个性成长和发展中起着一定的作用，但先天的作用远远超过后天培养，因为先天可以被比作基础。后天对人的发展的影响是不能完全否认的。然而，先天被认为是最重要的，因为它提供了一个机会，创造了一个基础，为后天问题的出现提供了基础)”可推知，作者通过对比强调了先天的重要性。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The tw terms nature and nurture have been subjects f cmparisn since the 16th century. The argument is centered n the questin as t whether it is nature r nurture that makes us wh we are.(先天和后天这两个术语自16世纪以来一直是比较的主题。争论的核心问题是，究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们)”及下文论述可知，文章主要论述了究竟是先天还是后天造就了我们。由此可知，Which Is Mre Imprtant, Nature r Nurture?(先天和后天，哪个更重要？)适合作文章最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】16．C 17．G 18．E 19．F 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍游泳对于人的身体健康来说是有益的，但游泳时也应该遵循一些规则。
16．根据上文“Swimming imprves yur cardivascular (心血管的) fitness and flexibility（游泳可以改善你的心血管健康和灵活度）”可知，此处阐述的是游泳的好处。C项“此外，水有助于增强肌肉”符合语境，其中Besides表明上下文的递进关系。故选C项。
17．上文“If yu d nt knw hw t swim, adult lessns are ften available at gyms.（如果你不知道如何游泳，健身房通常提供成人课程）”讲不会游泳可以去健身房报名学习，G项“Even if yu learned t swim as a child, yu may want t cnsider signing up fr a class（即使你从小就学会了游泳，你也可以考虑报名参加游泳班）”讲即使会游泳，也可以报名参加游泳班，与上文构成递进关系，且下文“Yu can learn hw t mre effectively wrk ut in the pl with just a few lessns.（你只需几节课即可学习如何更有效地在游泳池中锻炼）”中“mre effectively wrk ut”与G项中“if yu learned t swim as a child”相照应,，说明会游泳还要参加游泳班的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
18．E项“If using a pl at a gym, yu need fllw certain pl rules（如果在健身房使用游泳池，你需要遵守一些游泳池规则）”讲在健身房使用游泳池要遵守规则，下文“It is imprtant that yu stick t the psted guidelines, which are meant t keep the swimming pls running prperly.（重要的是要遵守发布的指南，这些指南旨在保持游泳池正常运行）”承接上文，说明遵守规则的意义，E项中“rules”与下文“guidelines”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
19．上文“But the majrity request that yu shwer befre yu enter the pl.（但大多数人要求你在进入游泳池之前淋浴）”讲虽然不同的游泳池有不同的规则，但大多数要求进入游泳池前淋浴，F项“This rule helps keep the pl water clean by remving bdy ils and sweat（这条规则可以去除身体的油脂和汗水，帮助保持泳池水的清洁）”承接上文，说明进入游泳池前淋浴的原因，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
20．根据上文“At times, yu may share a lane with ne r mre ther swimmers.（有时，你可能会与一个或多个其他游泳者共享泳道）”以及下文“Yu need t stay in the apprpriate lane.（你需要留在合适的泳道上）”可知，上下文间缺少过渡句，D项“When this happens, think f it as driving n the highway（当这种情况发生时，把它想象成在高速公路上开车）”承上启下，说明了要留在合适的泳道上的原因，且句中“this”指代的是上文“共享泳道”这一情况。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者在西班牙时，因对西班牙语的理解不同而造成误解的经历。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我在一家商店点冰淇淋时，当地的小贩说“ahrita”，直接翻译过来就是“马上”，我微笑着在旁边等着，相信冰淇淋马上就会来。A. selected挑选；B. rdered点餐；C. picked捡；D. bught买。根据下文中的“and the lcal seller said “ahrita,” which directly translates t “right nw,””可知，卖家说“马上”，由此可推测，此处应是作者“点”了一份冰淇淋。故选B项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当我在一家商店点冰淇淋时，当地的小贩说“ahrita”，直接翻译过来就是“马上”，我微笑着在旁边等着，相信冰淇淋马上就会来。A. certain确定的；B. regular定期的；C. scheduled按计划的；D. immediate立即的，马上。根据上文中的“the lcal seller said “ahrita,” which directly translates t “right nw,””可知，作者理解的意思是“马上”就好，所以作者在微笑着等待着，认为冰淇淋“马上”就到。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“ahrita，”他又回答了一遍，脸上混杂着困惑和尴尬。A. respnded回答；B. lied说谎；C. refused拒绝；D. exclaimed大喊。根据上文中的“s I asked again abut it.”可知，作者再次询问时，卖家应是再次使用“ahrita”来“回答”作者的问话。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“ahrita，”他又回答了一遍，脸上混杂着困惑和尴尬。A. relief欣慰；B. cmfrt安慰；C. panic惊恐；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据语境和上文中的“his face was a mix f cnfusin”可知，此处与“困惑”并列，结合语境，半小时过去了，作者再次询问冰淇淋的时候，在回答“ahrita”的同时，脸上应是混杂着困惑与“尴尬”符合语境。故选D项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很纠结。A. trn纠结的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. dubtful怀疑的；D. sure确信的。根据下文中的“Waiting lnger wasn’t pleasant, but it was implite t walk away if the ice-cream was nw being delivered just fr me.”可知，作者觉得再等下去是不愉快的事情，不等显得有些不礼貌，由此可知，作者很“纠结”。故选A项。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，这真的不是我的错。A. Hpefully满怀希望地；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Obviusly显而易见地；D. Thankfully感激地。根据上文中的“But finally, after waiting t lng, I made a rush fr the nearest bus t take me hme.”可知，最后，作者等了太久了，冲向了自己回家最近的公交车，这不是他的错，由此可知，此处作者指的是“显而易见”不是他的错。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我离开时，我向卖冰淇淋的人做了个手势，耸了耸肩，让他完全困惑。A. stared凝视；B. signaled示意；C. shuted大喊；D. aimed旨在。根据下文中的“at my wrist and shrugged t the ice-cream seller”可知，作者对着卖家耸了耸肩，由此可推断，此处指的是作者用肢体语言卖家交流，所以此处应是用手势“示意”卖家，符合语境。故选B项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我离开时，我向卖冰淇淋的人做了个手势，耸了耸肩，让他完全困惑。A. ttal完全的；B. mdest谦虚的；C. unexpected出乎意料的；D. amazing惊奇的。根据上文中的“and his face was a mix f cnfusin and ____4____ .”可知，作者在这之前问过一次冰淇淋的事情，此处有使用肢体语言向卖家做了个手势，由此可推断，此时的卖家应该是“完全”困惑，符合语境。故选A项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历在我的记忆中逐渐淡去，直到多年后我回到墨西哥生活。A. remained仍然；B. faded逐渐消失；C. shne闪光；D. appeared出现。根据常识和下文中的“until years later when I came back t live in Mexic.”可知，经过多少年后，这段经历应该是“逐渐消失”符合语境。故选B项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现理解“ahrita”并不需要流利的语言，而是需要流利的文化。A. time时间；B. histry历史；C. manners礼貌；D. fluency流利。根据语境和下文中的“but rather a fluency in the ____11____ .”可知，上下文为并列关系，此处指的是作者发现理解“ahrita”不需要语言的“流利”，此处为词汇复现。故选D项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现理解“ahrita”并不需要流利的语言，而是需要流利的文化。A. habit习惯；B. shpping购物；C. culture文化；D. time时期。根据常识和上文中的“I discvered that understanding “ahrita” tk nt a ____10____ in the language”可知，作者发现理解“ahrita”不需要语言的“流利”，结合but可知，此空与上文内容对应，“语言”对应的是“文化”，结合下文中的“When smene frm Mexic says “ahrita,” it shuld almst never be taken literally (照字面地); its meaning ____12____ greatly with cntext.”可知， 当地人在说“ahrita”时，绝不是照字面意思理解，而是通过语境理解，所以这是一种语言“文化”的影响让作者产生了误解。故选C项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当墨西哥人说“ahrita”时，几乎不应该从字面上理解；它的意思因上下文而异。A. varies改变；B. grws成长；C. extends延伸；D. stays逗留。根据下文中的“greatly with cntext.”可知，“ahrita”的意思会随着语境不同而不断地“改变”符合语境。故选A项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如一位语言学家所解释的那样，“Ahrita可能意味着明天、一小时后、五年内或永远不会。”A. questins问询；B. expects期望；C. utlines概述；D. illustrates说明，阐述。根据下文中的“Ahrita culd mean tmrrw, in an hur, within five years r never.”可知，“ahrita”的意思可能是明天，一个小时，五年内甚至是永远都不会，由此可知，此处是语言学家做出的“解释”符合语境。故选D项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在拒绝别人的好意时，它甚至被用来礼貌地说“不，谢谢”。A. plite礼貌的；B. funny滑稽可笑的；C. amazing惊奇的；D. ppular受欢迎的。根据语境和下文中的“saying “n, thanks” when refusing a(n) ____15____ .”可知，此处指的是在拒绝别人时说“不，谢谢”，由此可知，此处指的是“ahrita”甚至可以用来表达拒绝别人时的一种“礼貌的”方式。故选A项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在拒绝别人的提议时，它甚至被用来礼貌地说“不，谢谢”。A. applicatin申请；B. design设计；C. ffer提议；D. request请求。根据常识和上文中的“It is even used as a(n) ____14____ way f saying “n, thanks” when refusing…”可知，“ahrita”甚至可以用来表达拒绝别人时的一种礼貌用语，由此可知，你可以使用“ahrita”这种礼貌的方式去拒绝别人的“建议”，refuse an ffer意为“拒绝好意”符合语境。故选C项。
【答案】1．cmbining 2．after 3．a 4．and 5．tuches 6．hw 7．diverse 8．Bamb’s 9．psitins/will psitin 10．was designed
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了竹制艺术品，它将传统工艺与自然艺术完美地结合在一起。介绍了这一项技术的传承和发展。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：它将传统工艺与自然艺术完美地结合在一起，展示了被模仿的石头之美。分析句子结构可知cmbine与逻辑主语it构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填cmbining。
2．考查介词。句意：它将传统工艺与自然艺术完美地结合在一起，展示了被模仿的石头之美。根据短语mdel after表示“模仿……”可知应用介词after，构成介词+关系代词结构定语从句。故填after。
3．考查冠词。句意：“我花了相当长的时间采访经验丰富的工匠，仔细收集编织技术的记录，”钱解释说。perid此处为泛指，且cnsiderable是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
4．考查连词。句意：“我花了相当长的时间采访经验丰富的工匠，仔细收集编织技术的记录，”钱解释说。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
5．考查名词的数。句意：在了解了竹编的基本逻辑和图案之后，钱开始为他的竹编增添艺术色彩。tuch此处为可数名词，前文没有冠词表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填tuches。
6．考查宾语从句。句意：我的艺术创新围绕着编织如何传达世界的本质。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用hw。故填hw。
7．考查形容词。句意：例如，我们使用各种各样的颜色来增强其表现力，使竹编充满令人信服的语言。修饰range应用形容词diverse，故填diverse。
8．考查名词所有格。句意：与金属或纺织品等其他材料不同，竹子具有独特的刚性和灵活性，可以将其放置在适当的区域。此处Bamb与后文cmbinatin构成所属关系，应用名词所有格形式。故填Bamb’s。
9．考查时态。句意：与金属或纺织品等其他材料不同，竹子具有独特的刚性和灵活性，可以将其放置在适当的区域。此处作谓语，可用一般现在时或一般将来时，主语为cmbinatin，谓语用三单形式。故填psitins/will psitin。
10．考查时态语态。句意：他还在浙江科技大学教授竹编技术，他说之前的课程旨在鼓励开放的思维，探索将竹编专业知识融入不同领域的方法。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文previusly可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为the curse，谓语用单数。故填was designed。