上海大学附属中学2023-2024学年中高一下学期3月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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I．Listening Cmprehensin 20’
Sectin A 10’
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the cnd f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1．A．On a bus. B．In a taxi. C．On a plane D．At a travel agency.
2．A．Having dinner with the wman. B．Meeting Helen at the cncert hall.
C．Attending a cncert. D．Picking up Helen’s parents.
3．A．Russia. B．Suth East Asia. C．Canada. D．Sydney.
4．A．Jeremy is sending presents. B．Jeremy likes the watch.
C．Jeremy has mre than ne birthday gift. D．The wman gave Jeremy the watch.
5．A．She will vte fr Brenda. B．She will vte fr ther candidates.
C．She wants t make an infrmed chice. D．She is lking fr better candidates.
6．A．Shanghai lcal residents enjy cycling.
B．Sharing bikes wn’t be ppular elsewhere.
C．The ppularity f bike sharing has a lt t d with Shanghai’s landscape.
D．The landscape f Shanghai is better than that f ther cities.
7．A．Husband and wife. B．Guide and turist.
C．Teacher and student. D．Bank Clerk and custmer.
8．A．7:00. B．7:10 C．9:00 D．9:10
9．A．Because she is thinner. B．Because she desn’t eat much.
C．Because she knws hw t dress herself. D．Because she seems t have lst weight.
10．A．She wuld frgive her friend. B．She wuld cut ties with her friend.
C．It depends n hw clse their relatinship is. D．She wuld make new friends.
Sectin B: Passages 10’
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages, and yu will be asked three questins n each f the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11．A．He enjyed his career and marriage B．He had few childhd playmates.
C．He received little lve frm his family. D．He was envied by thers in his childhd.
12．A．By recrding the by’s effrt in schl.
B．By evaluating the men’s mental health
C．By cmparing different sets f scres.
D．By measuring the men’s prblem-slving ability.
13．A．Cmpetent adults knw mre abut lve than wrk.
B．Childhd experiences are clsely linked t adult cmpetence.
C．Lve brings mre jy t peple than wrk des.
D．Family backgrund and ecnmic class are cnnected with ne’s success.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14．A．T explre new means f transprt. B．T design new types f cars.
C．T find ut lder drivers’ prblems. D．T teach peple traffic rules.
15．A．It keeps them independent. B．It helps them save time
C．It builds up their strength. D．It cures their mental illnesses.
16．A．Imprve their driving skills. B．Develp driver-assist technlgies.
C．Prvide tips n repairing their cars. D．Organizing regular physical checkups.
Sectin C: Lnger cnversatins
Directins: In Sectin C, yu will hear ne lnger cnversatin. The cnversatin will be read twice. After yu hear the cnversatin, yu are required t fill in the numbered blanks with the infrmatin yu have heard. Write yur answers n yur answer sheet.
Blanks 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17．A．Manager B．Assistant ck. C．Kitchen hand. D．Cleaner.
18．A．Mnday. B．Tuesday. C．Friday. D．Saturday.
19．A．The man has superb cking skills.
B．The man must wrk every day.
C．The restaurant will prvide the man with an aprn, a cap and a pair f shes.
D．The man can get a free meal if he wrks n less than five hurs in the restaurant.
20．A．The man’s wrking experience in a restaurant.
B．The jb qualificatins f the man.
C．The features f a restaurant.
D．The descriptin f a jb in a restaurant.
II．Grammar and Vcabulary 20’
Sectin A10’
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Instead f lying awake wrrying, we’re ften tld t “sleep n it” when making big r small decisins. There’s actually a scientific basis fr this advice.
Sleep ____1____ influence ur respnse t emtinal situatins, and helps us t manage ur mental health. T understand ____2____ sleep and emtins are s cnnected, it’s imprtant t first understand what happens in the brain when we cme acrss ____3____ emtive.
Tw main brain regins interact t create emtinal respnses. The first is the limbic system (边缘系统) ____4____ (lcate ) deep in ur brain. This acts as ur emtin center, ____5____ quickly cnsiders a situatin t make a judgement abut it and helps us t decide hw t react. It helps us react quickly in certain situatins—fr example, when we cme acrss a dangerus animal.
But mst f the time we need t adjust ur immediate emtinal respnse. This is where the secnd regin—the prefrntal crtex (前额皮质)—cmes in. Lcated just behind ur frehead, this regin ____6____ (help) us t increase r decrease ur emtinal respnses as necessary. S if we see a predatr (such as a bear) in the z, the prefrntal crtex tells us we dn’t need t panic ____7____ it’s in a cage.
These regins need t be well-cnnected ____8____ effectively generate and adjust ur emtinal respnses. This is where sleep cmes in. When we’re sleep deprived (睡眠不足), the cnnectins between these areas weaken, making the reactin in the limbic system ____9____ (strng). Sleep lss nt nly increases ur reactin ____10____ stressful events during the day, but it als makes these reactins harder t change.
【答案】1. can 2. why
3. smething
4. lcated 5. which
6. helps 7. because
8. in rder t##t
9. strnger 10. t
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。 文章讲述了睡眠可以影响我们对情绪状况的反应的科学依据。
【1题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：睡眠可以影响我们对情绪状况的反应，并帮助我们管理我们的心理健康。结合句子语义，这里表示“睡眠会影响我们对情绪状况的反应”，指“睡眠”能够发生某事，所以空处填情态动词can。故填can。
【2题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：为了理解为什么睡眠和情绪如此相关，重要的是首先要了解当我们遇到情绪时大脑会发生什么。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容为动词“understand”的宾语从句，从句使用了“主系表”结构，成分齐全，结合句中“it’s imprtant t first understand what happens in the brain”可知这里表示“理解为什么睡眠和情绪如此相关”，空处意思为“为什么”，所以填连接代词why。故填why。
【3题详解】
考查不定代词。句意同上。短语：cme acrss“偶然遇见”为及物动词，其后要跟宾语；根据句意，这里表示“当我们遇到情绪时大脑会发生什么”，所以用不定代词“smething”，泛指“一些事情”。故填smething。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：大脑的两个主要区域相互作用产生情绪反应。第一个是位于大脑深处的边缘系统。分析句子，本句的基本结构为“主系表”，所以空处用非谓语；be lcated in“位于……”，因而动词“lcate”与名词“the limbic system”为动宾关系。故填lcated。
【5题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这是我们的情感中心，它会迅速考虑一个情况，对它做出判断，并帮助我们决定如何反应。分析句子，空处及之后的内容为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“ur emtin center”，在定语从句中作主语，所以空处用关系代词which。故填which。
【6题详解】
考查主谓一致和时态。句意：这个区域位于前额后方，帮助我们根据需要增加或减少情绪反应。结合本段中“we need t...”及前文“This is ...”可知，本段所描述的是客观事实，所以时态用一般现在时。空前“this regin”为句子的主语，是第三人称单数，所以空处用单三。故填helps。
【7题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：所以，如果我们在动物园里看到捕食者(比如熊)，前额皮质告诉我们，我们不必惊慌，因为它在笼子里。结合句中“we dn’t need t panic”和“it’s in a cage”可知，空后的内容是前文“我们不要恐慌的原因”，所以空处用连接词because“因为”。故填because。
【8题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：这些区域需要连接良好，才能有效地产生和调整我们的情绪反应。分析句子，空后的内容表示目的，不定式可以表示目的，短语in rder t“为了”，也可以表示目的。故填t/in rder t。
【9题详解】
考查比较级。句意：当我们睡眠不足时，这些区域之间的联系减弱，使边缘系统的反应更加强烈。根据上文可知，因为睡眠不足，使边缘系统的反应相比变得更加强烈。所以空处用比较级。故填strnger。
【10题详解】
考查短语。句意：睡眠不足不仅会增加我们对白天压力事件的反应，而且还会使这些反应更难改变。短语reactin t“对……做出反应”。故填t。
Sectin B10’
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
One f the British ryal traditins is that the king r queen can ____11____ wnership f any unmarked mute swan in pen water in Britain. Fr many years, this traditin was ____12____ with Queen Elizabeth II. Every summer, the swans n the River Thames wuld be cunted fr Her Majesty. Nw, with Britain having King Charles III n the thrne, this centuries-ld traditin knwn as the Swan Upping will cntinue t be ____13____ ver five days during the third week f every July.
Several years ag, when I was living in Lndn, I went alng t ____14____ the traditin fr myself. It was a cmpletely enjyable experience. Schl kids and elderly watchers gathered ahead f the day’s launch in Marlw (马洛，一个英国城镇) t meet the Ryal Swan Marker — Queen Elizabeth II’s ____15____ in her absence — David Barber, and ther Swan Uppers, r catchers.
The Uppers themselves are a mix f ld bys and yunger men-all dressed in unifrms. They paddle their way upriver in a fleet f wden bats, shiny with gld detailing. Flags flutter behind them in the ____16____.
The small fleet is ____17____ by an armada (舰队) f watchers. A batlad f jurnalists is there fr the ____18____. Hug e passenger bats cruise alngside, trying t get a view f each catch.
Nt lng after, the traditinal call ges ut: “All up!” it’s the first catch f the day. The Uppers carefully ____19____ their bats arund the birds, mving clser, befre catching and tying them. The yung swans are taken ashre and ____20____, measured and recrded with rings attached t their legs. And the adult swans are checked against the recrds. Then the yung birds are released with their family, unharmed.
【答案】11. D 12. B
13. F 14. A
15. J 16. I
17. E 18. G
19. K 20. H
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经亲历英国王室传统天鹅普查，目睹了普查员护航、称量、记录天鹅的全过程。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：英国王室的传统之一是，国王或王后可以在英国公开水域对任何没有标记的疣鼻天鹅提出所有权要求。结合语意可知，此处表示宣布疣鼻天鹅的所有权，空处应用动词claim“宣称，认领”，符合题意。故选D项。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：多年来，这一传统一直与英国女王伊丽莎白二世联系在一起。结合语意可知，此处表示认领疣鼻天鹅的传统与伊丽莎白二世联系在一起，空处应用形容词assciated，be assciated with“与……联系在一起”，符合题意。故选B项。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：现在，随着英国国王查理三世登上王位，这一有数百年历史被称为“鹅口普查”的传统，将在每年7月的第三周继续进行超过五天。结合语意可知，此处表示这一传统继续进行，空处应用动词cnducted“进行，执行”，符合题意。故选F项。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：几年前，当我住在伦敦时，我亲自体验了这一传统。结合语意可知，此处表示“我”曾经亲自体验这一传统，空处应用动词experience“体验，经历”，符合题意。故选A项。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：当天在马洛举行的发布会前，学校的孩子和老人们聚集在一起，与女王伊丽莎白二世不在时的代表皇家天鹅标记大卫·巴伯和其他鹅口普查者或者捕捉者会面。结合语意可知，此处表示女王伊丽莎白二世的代表，空处应用名词representative“代表”，符合题意。故选J项。
【16题详解】
考查名词。句意：旗帜在他们身后的微风中飘扬。结合语意可知，此处表示旗帜在微风中飘扬，空处应用名词breeze“微风”，符合题意。故选I项。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：这支小舰队由一支由观察员组成的舰队陪同。结合语意可知小舰队由观察员组成的舰队陪同，此处表示，空处应用动词accmpanied，be accmpanied by“由……陪同”，符合题意。故选E项。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：在这段时间里，一船记者都在那里。根据上文“They paddle their way upriver in a fleet f wden bats, shiny with gld detailing. Flags flutter behind them in the breeze.”可知，此处表示在这支舰队逆流而上的这段时间，空处应用名词duratin“持续时间，期间”，符合题意。故选G项。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：普查者仔细地权衡他们的船围绕这些鸟，靠近它们，然后抓住并绑住它们。结合语意可知，此处表示普查者需要权衡船只的位置，空处应用动词weighed“斟酌，权衡”，符合题意。故选K项。
【20题详解】
考查动词。句意：年轻的天鹅被带上岸，并在腿上安装环状物，对其进行保护、测量和记录。结合语意可知，此处表示在天鹅腿上安装环状物，对天鹅进行保护，空处应用动词preserve“保护”，符合题意。故选H项。
III．Reading Cmprehensin 45’
Sectin A 15’
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
In ancient China, the cming-f-age ceremny was a ritual in which a persn wuld cme t be declared and accepted as an adult by their wn clan (宗族) and the wider sciety. That is t say, they wuld start taking n ____21____ respnsibilities and wuld thus be ____22____ t inherit pwer and titles.
This ritual first came t be practiced by the nbles f the Zhu dynasty befre later ____23____ t civilian ppulatin. In ancient China, the mst cmmn age in which this ritual was cnducted was 20 fr men and 15 fr wmen. But thrughut histry it was ____24____ t cnduct this ritual anywhere between the ages f 10 and 20.
The cming-f-age ceremny was key t Cnfucian rites (仪式，礼节) and was part f the “fur rites” f life, which als included ____25____, murning (治丧) rites, and sacrificial (祭祀) rituals.
At the ceremny, respected elders wuld put a special cap, r “Guan (冠)” n a yung man’s head and tie up the hair f a yung wman using a hair rnament named “Ji”. The yung adults wuld be dressed up in the relevant rbes and accessries (装饰品) f their gender. One wuld keep this new lk as a grwn-up.
The sn-t-be adult wuld then be ____26____ a curtesy name (表字) during the ritual. Afterwards, ther peple wuld ____27____ this persn by their curtesy name t shw them respect. Only ne’s elder relatives culd call them by their birth names.
In the end, the yung adults wuld take up a cup f wine, pur sme f the wine n the grund in ____28____ f bth heaven and earth, and then take a sip f the rest f it. After ding this, they wuld then take a bite f rice. All this was ____29____ t symblize the beginning f their adult life cmplete with all f its ups and dwns.
The ceremny wuldn’t be ver just yet. The yung adults wuld kneel n the grund listening t their parents’ ____30____. After having shwn ____31____ t the guests nce again, they culd finally stand next t their parents as real adults.
The age-ld ritual was ____32____ during the Qing dynasty. The past few decades, ____33____, have seen a revival in the ceremnial celebratin f ne’s cming f age.
Despite changes in the styles and details, the essence f the cming-f-age ceremny remains ____34____: the celebratin f the pening f a new chapter in ne’s life. With this new beginning cmes a (n) ____35____ f ne’s respnsibility t becme a decent and respected cntributr t sciety.
21.
A. nticeableB. relevantC. apparentD. varius
22.
A. subjectB. pliteC. qualifiedD. available
23.
A. distributingB. spreadingC. shiftingD. appraching
24.
A. delightedB. ridiculusC. understandableD. acceptable
25.
A. schlingB. marriageC. diningD. wrking
26.
A. awardedB. encuragedC. rewardedD. deprived
27.
A. turn tB. refer tC. lk tD. talk t
28.
A. nameB. respectC. prirityD. hnr
29.
A. drivenB. runC. meantD. finished
30.
A. praiseB. scldC. instructinD. cmplaint
31.
A. gratitudeB. respectC. expectatinD. kindness
32.
A. bannedB. reinfrcedC. flurishingD. preserved
33.
A. therefreB. hweverC. meanwhileD. mrever
34.
A. essentialB. criticalC. unchangedD. pssible
35.
A. mindB. mdC. phaseD. awareness
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国古代的成人礼，它是宣告个体成年的关键仪式，承载着责任传承与社会认同，历经变迁，核心价值不变，标志着人生新阶段的开始及社会责任意识的觉醒。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那就是说，他们将开始承担相关责任，从而有资格继承权力和头衔。A. nticeable显著的；B. relevant相关的；C. apparent显然的；D. varius各种各样的。根据下文“respnsibilities and wuld thus be ____2____ t inherit pwer and titles.”可知，此处表示被家族和社会宣布成年之后，开始承担相关的责任，relevant respnsibilities指的是与成年身份相符的责任。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那就是说，他们将开始承担相关责任，从而有资格继承权力和头衔。A. subject可能受……影响的；B. plite礼貌的；C. qualified有资格的；D. available可获得的。根据下文“t inherit pwer and titles”可知，此处表示有资格继承权力和头衔，be qualified t表示“有……的资格”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种仪式最初由周朝的贵族进行，后来传播到平民中。A. distributing分配；B. spreading传播；C. shifting转移；D. appraching接近。根据下文“t civilian ppulatin”以及语境可知，此处表示成人礼最初由贵族进行而后传播到平民中。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但纵观历史，在10岁到20岁之间的任何时候举行这种仪式都是可以接受的。A. delighted高兴的；B. ridiculus荒谬的；C. understandable可以理解的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据上文“In ancient China, the mst cmmn age in which this ritual was cnducted was 20 fr men and 15 fr wmen.”以及下文“t cnduct this ritual anywhere between the ages f 10 and 20.”可知，此处表示举行这种仪式常见的年龄是男性20岁，女性15岁，但是历史上10岁到20岁之间举行仪式也是可以接受的。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：成人礼是儒家礼教的核心内容，也是人生“四礼”的一部分，包括婚嫁、治丧、祭祀等。A. schling学校教育；B. marriage婚姻；C. dining用餐；D. wrking工作。根据下文“murning (治丧) rites, and sacrificial (祭祀) rituals”以及常识可知，儒家礼教的四礼中包括婚嫁、治丧、祭祀等。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在仪式上，即将成年的孩子将被授予一个表字。A. awarded授予；B. encuraged鼓励；C. rewarded奖励；D. deprived剥夺。根据下文“a curtesy name (表字) during the ritual. Afterwards, ther peple wuld ____7____ this persn by their curtesy name t shw them respect.”可知，此处表示即将成年孩子被授予表字，award作动词意思就是“颁发，授予”，reward作动词意思是“奖励，酬谢”。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：之后，其他人会用他们的表字称呼这个人，以示尊重。A. turn t转向；B. refer t提及；C. lk t考虑，指望；D. talk t和某人交谈。根据下文“this persn by their curtesy name t shw them respect”可知，此处表示其他人提到这个人时，使用表字以示尊敬。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，年轻人会拿起一杯酒，把一些酒倒在地上，向天地表示敬意，然后喝一口剩下的酒。A. name姓名；B. respect尊重；C. pririty优先事项；D. hnr尊敬。根据下文“f bth heaven and earth”以及常识可知，人们将酒倒在地上是在表示尊重天地，in hnr f表示“向……表示敬意”。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有这些都是为了象征着他们成年生活的开始，以完成人生所有的起伏。A. driven驱动；B. run运行；C. meant意思是；D. finished完成。根据上文成人礼仪式流程以及下文“t symblize the beginning f their adult life cmplete with all f its ups and dwns”可知，此处表示上文所描述行为的意思是为了象征着他们成年生活的开始。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻人会跪在地上听父母的教诲。A. praise表扬；B. scld唠唠叨叨骂人的人；C. instructin教诲，吩咐；D. cmplaint抱怨。根据上文“The yung adults wuld kneel n the grund listening t their parents’”以及常识可知，年轻的成年人跪在地上听父母的教诲。故选C项。
31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在再次向客人表示感激后，他们终于可以像真正的成年人一样站在父母旁边了。A. gratitude感激；B. respect尊重；C. expectatin期望；D. kindness仁慈。根据本处语境可知，此处指年轻人会对来观礼的客人表示感激，感谢他们的莅临。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种古老的仪式在清朝被禁止。A. banned禁止；B. reinfrced加强；C. flurishing繁荣；D. preserved保存。根据下文“have seen a revival in the ceremnial celebratin f ne’s cming f age”可知，之后成人礼这一仪式得到复兴，所以此处表示它在清朝被禁止。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，过去的几十年见证了成人礼的复兴。A. therefre因此；B. hwever然而；C. meanwhile同时；D. mrever此外。根据上文“The age-ld ritual was ____12____ during the Qing dynasty.”以及下文“have seen a revival in the ceremnial celebratin f ne’s cming f age.”可知，句子前后表示转折关系，应用副词hwever，表示“然而”。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管在风格和细节上发生了变化，但成人礼的本质仍然没有改变：庆祝人生新篇章的开启。A. essential基本的；B. critical关键的；C. unchanged不变的；D. pssible可能的。根据上文“All this was ____9____ t symblize the beginning f their adult life cmplete with all f its ups and dwns.”以及下文“the celebratin f the pening f a new chapter in ne’s life”可知，此处表示成人礼的本质没有改变。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着这个新的开始，人们意识到自己有责任成为一个体面和受人尊敬的社会贡献者。A. mind头脑；B. md情绪；C. phase阶段；D. awareness意识。根据下文“f ne’s respnsibility t becme a decent and respected cntributr t sciety.”可知，此处表示有责任成为一个体面和受人尊敬的社会贡献者的意识。故选D项。
Sectin B 22’
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A,B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Petersn Mturi jurneyed t Nairbi, Kenya in 2014 t find a better life fr himself. Initially, he wuld sell drinking water and grundnuts, as well as wrking as a car wash attendant befre becming a watchman fr night duties. Since his gal was t jin law schl, he saved Kes 50, 000, which he used t pay fr his admissin t law schl.
He applied fr admissin t the Kenya Schl f Law (KSL) in 2016 and was successful, but the biggest headache facing him was that he didn’t have enugh mney t pay his fees. Frtunately, he gt sme financial assistance frm Mr. PLO Lumumba, wh was then the schl directr and ffered him a schlarship.
Hwever, Mturi was then faced with the challenging task f wrking at night and attending class during the day. Unfrtunately, when he sat fr his final exams, he gt a Pass, which culd nt allw him t mve t the next stage, attaining a law degree. That meant he had t scre at least a credit and find mney t pay fr his diplma curses. He decided t apprach his emplyer, Radar Security, fr help. He hnestly tld his bss that he failed and wndered if he culd spnsr him fr the diplma nce again. T his surprise, his bss agreed, and in n time, he was back in class.
“Nw I am a jyful man. I am graduating with a credit scre. I can nw g ahead, pursue a law degree and becme an advcate,” he said at the graduatin ceremny. Thugh dressed in the usual graduatin regalia (礼服), Mturi smehw appeared different frm his clleagues due t the security guard uifrm he wre underneath. The 28-year-ld man desires t help the less frtunate in sciety have access t justice.
36. What bthered Mturi mst after he gained admissin t the KSL?
A. Lsing his day jb.B. Lacking schl fees.
C. Feeding his family.D. Failing in his final exams.
37. Why did Mturi decide t scre at least a credit?
A. T enable his bss t spnsr him.
B. T succeed in btaining the schlarship.
C. T graduate frm the KSL ahead f time.
D. T qualify fr admissin fr a law degree.
38. Hw did Mturi supprt himself while studying in the KSL?
A. By selling daily articles.B. By ffering car washing service.
C. By serving as a night watchman.D. By asking his family fr financial help.
39. Which f the fllwing can best describe Petersn Mturi?
A. Determined.B. Mdest.C. Imaginative.D. Generus.
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了肯尼亚人莫图里为实现读法学院的目标靠做保安等工作不懈奋斗的故事。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“He applied fr admissin t the Kenya Schl f Law (KSL) in 2016 and was successful, but the biggest headache facing him was that he didn’t have enugh mney t pay his fees.(他在2016年申请了肯尼亚法学院（KSL），并获得了成功，但他面临的最头疼的问题是他没有足够的钱支付学费。)”可知，莫图里被肯尼亚法学院录取后，最困扰他的事情就是没有足够的钱支付学费。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段“Unfrtunately, when he sat fr his final exams, he gt a Pass, which culd nt allw him t mve t the next stage, attaining a law degree. That meant he had t scre at least a credit and find mney t pay fr his diplma curses.(不幸的是，当他参加期末考试时，他获得了及格，这不能让他进入下一个阶段，获得法律学位。这意味着他至少要拿到一个学分，还要有钱支付文凭课程的学费。)”和最后一段“I can nw g ahead, pursue a law degree and becme an advcate(我现在可以继续前进，攻读法律学位，成为一名律师)”可知，需要获得至少一个学分才有资格攻读法学学位，所以莫图里才做出这样的决定，以实现当律师的目标。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据第一段“befre becming a watchman fr night duties(在成为夜间值班的保安之前)”以及第三段“apprach his emplyer, Radar Security, fr help(向他的雇主雷达安全公司寻求帮助)”和最后一段“due t the security guard unifrm he wre underneath(因为他里面穿的是保安制服)”可推知，在法学院学习期间他是靠做夜间保安员来养活自己的。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了莫图里为实现读法学院的目标，面对困境永不放弃，克服了重重苦难，最终如愿以偿，说明他是一位意志非常坚定的人。故选A。
(B)
If yu are the type f traveler wh just wants a suitable place t hang up yur hat and yu dn’t want t spend a frtune t d it, here are several ways t save n yur next htel rm.
Be flexible
Htel rates are based n supply and demand, s beware f peak perids. If yur destinatin’s high seasn is frm December thrugh April and yu’re trying t bk near the end f April, yu might find cnsiderable savings if yu change yur travel dates by a week r tw.
Check Htel Websites
The large travel-bking websites ften sell rms frm the middlemen (中间商) wh have bught up empty htel rms. But the majr htel chains als ffer last-minute discunts, and because they are nt paying the middlemen, they smetimes have better deals than the travel sites.
Dn’t be afraid t bargain
Mst peple are s intimidated by knw-it-all htel desk clerks that they dn’t bargain fr a better deal. But bargaining fr a better deal is ften wrth the truble, because mst htel general managers wuld prefer having a custmer paying a lwer-than-usual rate t n custmer at all. And if yu find smething unfair n yur htel bill, dn’t be afraid t cmplain. T create and prmte gdwill, htels will ften reduce r cancel such charges.
Avid hidden csts
Expensive little extras htels never mentin they may increase the cst f yur stay. Dn’t let this happen. Find ut abut resrt fees fr parking and Internet use befre yu agree t stay. And dn’t tuch the htel’s phne unless yu abslutely have t—the rates can be mre than $5 a minute even inside the United States.
40. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing will save yu sme mney?
A. Change yur visiting places in high seasn.
B. Bk an rder fr the rm with the htel far ahead f schedule.
C. Make arrangements fr travelling during ff-peak perids.
D. Make a demand directly n the middlemen fr a fair price.
41. That travelers can bargain fr better deal is ften based n the fact that ________.
A. managers wuld rather have a custmer paying less than have n ne.
B. there are many business items which shuld nt be charged.
C custmers are usually afraid t cmplain abut the unreasnable high price.
D. the desk clerks and managers ften cheat the travelers by false pretenses.
42. The passage was mainly written t ________.
A. Advertise the htelsB. Encurage the htel business
C. D a service fr the custmersD. Intrduce the htel services
【答案】40. C 41. A 42. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍如何降低旅店住宿费的方法。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Be flexible中“yur destinatin’s high seasn is frm December thrugh April and yu’re trying t bk near the end f April, yu might find cnsiderable savings if yu change yur travel dates by a week r tw.(你的目的地旺季是从12月到4月，而你正试图在4月底前预订，如果你把旅行日期改一两周，你可能会节省很多钱。)”可知，安排非高峰时段的出行可以节省花费。故选C项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Dn’t be afraid t bargain中“But bargaining fr a better deal is ften wrth the truble, because mst htel general managers wuld prefer having a custmer paying a lwer-than-usual rate t n custmer at all. (但是，为更好的交易讨价还价往往是值得的，因为大多数酒店总经理宁愿让客户支付比平时更低的价格，而不是根本没有客户。)”可知，旅行者可以讨价还价以获得更好的交易，这通常是基于这样一个事实，即管理者宁愿有一个客户支付更少的费用，也不愿没有一个客户。故选A项。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“If yu are the type f traveler wh just wants a suitable place t hang up yur hat and yu dn’t want t spend a frtune t d it, here are several ways t save n yur next htel rm.(如果你是那种只想找一个合适的地方挂帽子而不想花大钱的旅行者，这里有几种方法可以在你的下一个酒店房间节省花费。)”可推知，这篇文章主要是写给住旅店的顾客，就如何减少住宿费给一些建议。故选C项。
(C)
“Sushi tastes amazing. A great steak is just amazing.” Thse are nt the wrds yu expect t hear frm a leader f the vegetarian mvement. But that’s hw Graham Hill, funder f the sustainability website Tree Hugger, feels abut the fleshier cmpnents f his diet. He is a self-described “weekday vegetarian,” a cmprmise that came abut after years f trying—and failing—t adhere t (坚持) a strictly vegetarian diet.
Fr the past year, Hill has preached (宣传，鼓吹) the cause f partial vegetarianism t help fight glbal warming. Accrding t the U. N., the livestck industry prduces 18%f the wrld’s greenhuse gases. Part-time vegetarians chse what t eat and when. The ppular Meatless Mnday mvement, which began in 2003, has been backed by many celebrities, including Paul McCartney, wh has taken the lead in his wn Meat Free Mnday campaign. Last year the Belgian city f Ghent picked Thursday as its Veggie day, calling fr meat-free ptins t be served that day in schls and public institutins.
The drive t avid eating meat n certain days is nt new. Cathlics have lng been urged t restrain themselves n Fridays. But envirnmentalists have nly recently caught n. “The surge is due t a sense f a plateau (达到平衡) . Yu’ve already reached ut t the base f strict vegetarians, and it’s hard t get beynd thse numbers,” says Peter Singer, a Princetn philsphy prfessr. “Peple shuld g further, but it’s prgressed in the right directin.”
Althugh the American Dietetic (ADA) Assciatin desn’t track the number f part-times, the grup says rughly 2.5% f Americans are strictly vegetarian, a diet that pses n health risks as lng as practitiners get enugh prtein frm beans and ther nnmeat surces. “A partial-vegetarian plan is a little mre user-friendly,” says Dawn Jacksn Blatner, a flexitarian (弹性素食者(偶尔吃荤)) and ADA spkespersn.
The gal fr many activists is simply t get mre peple t eat less meat. “Abslute purists shuld be living in a cave,” says Ingrid Newkirk, president f Peple fr the Ethical Treatment f Animals (PETA). “Anybdy wh witnesses the suffering f animals and has a glimmer f hpe f reducing that suffering can’t take the psitin that it’s all r nthing. We have t be realistic. Screw the principle.”
43. The first qute f the passage intends t shw that ________.
A. sushi and steak are bth f Hill’s favrite fdB. the vegetarian mvements are ppular
C. Hill isn’t a qualified leader f the vegetarian mvementD. it’s difficult t be a strict vegetarian
44. What is said abut Graham Hill?
A. He desn’t eat meat n weekends.B. He desn’t want t be a strict vegetarian.
C. He is an envirnmentalist.D. He failed t lse weight.
45. What can be inferred frm Paragraph 4?
A. Part-time vegetarians accunt fr nearly 2.5% f Americans.
B. A diet with all vegetables may have n bad effect n health.
C. Partial vegetarian is better than strict vegetarian in terms f nutritin.
D. Many celebrities are part-time vegetarians.
46. Accrding t the Ingrid Newkirk, ________.
A. peple shuld adhere t a strictly vegetarian diet.
B. everybdy shuld act t fight glbal warming
C. partial vegetarian plan wrks mre sensibly
D. peple shuldn’t stp eating meat fr it’s bad fr health
【答案】43. D 44. C 45. B 46. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今开始提倡部分素食主义，以帮助对抗全球变暖。文章描述了这一现象背后的原因以及人们对此的看法。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段““Sushi tastes amazing. A great steak is just amazing.” Thse are nt the wrds yu expect t hear frm a leader f the vegetarian mvement. But that’s hw Graham Hill, funder f the sustainability website Tree Hugger, feels abut the fleshier cmpnents f his diet. He is a self-described “weekday vegetarian,” a cmprmise that came abut after years f trying—and failing—t adhere t (坚持) a strictly vegetarian diet. (“寿司好吃极了。一块美味的牛排真是太棒了。”这些话你绝对不会从素食运动的领袖口中听到。但这就是可持续发展网站Tree Hugger的创始人格雷厄姆·希尔对他的饮食中肉制品成分的看法。他自称是“平日素食者”，这是多年来坚持严格素食的尝试和失败后的妥协。)”可推知，素食运动的领袖也为严格素食饮食做出了妥协，故推测文章第一句话是想说明做一个严格的素食主义者是很困难的。故选D。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But that’s hw Graham Hill, funder f the sustainability website Tree Hugger, feels abut the fleshier cmpnents f his diet. He is a self-described “weekday vegetarian,” a cmprmise that came abut after years f trying—and failing—t adhere t (坚持) a strictly vegetarian diet. (但这就是可持续发展网站Tree Hugger的创始人格雷厄姆·希尔对他的饮食中肉制品成分的看法。他自称是“平日素食者”，这是多年来坚持严格素食的尝试和失败后的妥协。)”可知，格雷厄姆·希尔是一个环保主义者。故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Althugh the American Dietetic (ADA) Assciatin desn’t track the number f part-times, the grup says rughly 2.5% f Americans are strictly vegetarian, a diet that pses n health risks as lng as practitiners get enugh prtein frm beans and ther nnmeat surces. (尽管美国饮食协会（ADA）没有追踪兼职素食者的数量，但该协会表示，大约2.5%的美国人是严格素食者，只要从豆类和其他非肉类来源中获取足够的蛋白质，这种饮食就不会对健康构成威胁。)”可推知，全素的饮食可能对健康没有不良影响。故选B。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““Abslute purists shuld be living in a cave,” says Ingrid Newkirk, president f Peple fr the Ethical Treatment f Animals (PETA). “Anybdy wh witnesses the suffering f animals and has a glimmer f hpe f reducing that suffering can’t take the psitin that it’s all r nthing. We have t be realistic. Screw the principle.” (“绝对的纯粹主义者应该住在山洞里，”善待动物组织（PETA）主席英格丽德·纽柯克说。“任何目睹动物遭受痛苦并有一丝希望减少这种痛苦的人都不能采取要么全部要么没有的立场。我们必须现实一点。去他的原则。”)”可知，根据英格丽德·纽柯克的说法，部分素食计划更明智。故选C。
Sectin C 8’
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences given belw. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Is This the Mst Pwerful Wrd in the English Language?
“The.” It’s present everywhere; we can’t imagine English withut it. “The” tps the league tables f mst frequently used wrds in English, accunting fr 5% f every 100 wrds used. But why is this? The answer is tw-fld. Gerge Zipf, a 20th-century U. S. linguist, gave a detailed explanatin f the principle f least effrt. ____47____
The secnd reasn is that “the” lies at the heart f English grammar. It has a functin rather than a meaning. Wrds are split int tw categries: expressins with a semantic (语义的) meaning and functinal wrds like “the”, “t” and “fr” that have a jb t d. “The” can functin in multiple ways. This is typical, explains Gary Thms, assistant prfessr f linguistics at New Yrk University. ____48____. Helping us understand what is being referred t, “the” makes sense f nuns as a subject r an bject. S even smene with a basic understanding f English can tell the difference between “I ate an apple” and “I ate the apple.”
But althugh “the” has n meaning in itself, “it seems t be able t d things in miraculus ways,” says Michael Rsen, a pet and authr. ____49____. The inclusin f “the” immediately signals smething imprtant abut that gal. Perhaps it was the nly ne f the match? Or maybe it was a clincher (起决定性作用的事) that wn the league? Cntext very ften determines sense.
There are many exceptins regarding the use f the definite article (定冠词), fr example in relatin t prper nuns. We wuldn’t expect smene t say “the Jnathan” but it’s nt incrrect t say “yu’re nt the Jnathan I thught yu were”. And a ftball cmmentatr (实况解说员) might deliberately say “yu’ve gt the Lampards in midfield” t mean players like Lampard.
____50____ Yet Rsen rejects that view. While primary schl children are taught t use “ww” wrds, chsing “exclaimed” rather than “said”, he desn’t think any wrd has mre r less “ww” factr than any ther. It all depends n hw it’s used. “pwer in language cmes frm cntext… “the” can be a ww wrd,” he says.
A. Cnsider the difference between “he scred a gal” and “he scred the gal”
B This culd lead t the belief that “the” is nthing mre than a wrkhrse f the English language—functinal but bring.
C. He predicted that shrt and simple wrds wuld be the mst frequent— and he was right.
D. This simplest f wrds can be used fr dramatic effect
E. “A super high-usage wrd will ften develp a real flexibility,” says Thms.
F. Even within the language, there are subtle differences in hw “the” is used in British and American English.
【答案】47. C 48. E 49. A 50. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语中最强大的单词——the。
【47题详解】
上文““The.” It’s present everywhere; we can’t imagine English withut it. “The” tps the league tables f mst frequently used wrds in English, accunting fr 5% f every 100 wrds used. But why is this? The answer is tw-fld. Gerge Zipf, a 20th-century U. S. linguist, gave a detailed explanatin f the principle f least effrt. (The无处不在；我们无法想象没有它的英语世界。“The”在英语中最常用的词汇排行榜上独占鳌头，占据了每百个单词中5%的比例。但这究竟是为什么呢？答案有两个方面。20世纪的美国语言学家乔治·齐普夫详细阐述了最小努力原则)”表明the使用频繁有两个原因，空处承上启下，后文“The secnd reasn is that “the” lies at the heart f English grammar. It has a functin rather than a meaning.(第二个原因是“the”是英语语法的核心。它是有作用的，而不是有意义的)”表明了第二个原因，C项“他预测简短的单词将是最常见的——他是对的”承接上文的最小努力原则，表明the被频繁使用的第一个原因——简短，He指代上文的Gerge Zipf，shrt and simple对应least，符合语境。故选C项。
【48题详解】
上文““The” can functin in multiple ways. This is typical, explains Gary Thms, assistant prfessr f linguistics at New Yrk University.(“the”一词可以承担多种功能。这一点是不出所料的，纽约大学语言学助理教授加里·汤姆斯解释说)”表明the使用范围广，空处承上启下，下文“Helping us understand what is being referred t, “the” makes sense f nuns as a subject r an bject. S even smene with a basic understanding f English can tell the difference between “I ate an apple” and “I ate the apple.”(“the”有助于明确所指代的事物，使名词作为一个物品更具意义。因此，即使是对英语有基础了解的人也能区分出“我吃了一个苹果”和“我吃了那个苹果”之间的差别)”表明the在句中的灵活性，E项“汤姆斯表示：“一个超高频使用的词汇通常会发展出真正的灵活性。””承接上文汤姆斯的观点，同时引出下文，符合语境。故选E项。
【49题详解】
上文“But althugh “the” has n meaning in itself, “it seems t be able t d things in miraculus ways,” says Michael Rsen, a pet and authr.(诗人兼作家迈克尔·罗森说，尽管“the”本身没有意义，但“它似乎能够以奇迹般的方式做事”)”表明the起作用的方式比较奇特，下文“The inclusin f “the” immediately signals smething imprtant abut that gal. Perhaps it was the nly ne f the match? Or maybe it was a clincher that wn the league? Cntext very ften determines sense.(“The”的加入立即表明了该目标的重要意义。也许这是比赛中唯一的一场？或者也许是一场决胜球赢得了联赛冠军？语境往往决定意义)”表明the在语境中的含义，A项“考虑一下“he scred a gal(他进了一个球)”和“he scred the gal(他进了那个球)”的区别”用举例的方式表明the的作用，起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选A项。
【50题详解】
根据下文“Yet Rsen rejects that view. While primary schl children are taught t use “ww” wrds, chsing “exclaimed” rather than “said”, he desn’t think any wrd has mre r less “ww” factr than any ther. It all depends n hw it’s used. “pwer in language cmes frm cntext… “the” can be a ww wrd,” he says.(然而罗森拒绝接受这种观点。虽然小学的孩子们被教导使用“哇”这样的惊叹词，选择“惊呼”而不是“说”，但他不认为任何一个词比任何其他词都或多或少具有“惊叹效果”。这完全取决于它的使用方式。“语言的力量来自语境……”他说，“the也可能是一个惊叹词。”)”中的that view推知，空处陈述了一种关于“the”的观点。结合上文“There are many exceptins regarding the use f the definite article, fr example in relatin t prper nuns. We wuldn’t expect smene t say “the Jnathan” but it’s nt incrrect t say “yu’re nt the Jnathan I thught yu were”. And a ftball cmmentatr might deliberately say “yu’ve gt the Lampards in midfield” t mean players like Lampard.(关于定冠词的使用，确实存在许多例外情况，特别是在与专有名词的关系上。例如，我们通常不会听到有人说“the Jnathan”，但在某些语境中，如“你不是我以为的那个Jnathan”这样的表达并不算错误。此外，足球实况解说员可能会特意说“中场有像Lampard那样的球员”)”推知，空处提到的关于“the”的观点是——the用处很多但乏味。B项“这就可能导致人们认为“the”不过是英语中的一个劳模词汇——实用但乏味”总结上文，同时the belief呼应下文that view，符合语境。故选B项。
V．Translatin 15’ (3+3+4+5)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
51. 网上传播的有些消息证明是假的.（turn ut）（汉译英）
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【答案】Sme f the infrmatin spreading n the Internet turns ut t be false.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和动词时态。表示“有些消息”应用sme f the infrmatin；表示“传播”应用spread，此处作定语，修饰sme f the infrmatin，二者为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式；表示“在网上”应用n the Internet；表示“证明是”应用turn ut t be，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式；表示“假的”应用false。故翻译成：Sme f the infrmatin spreading n the Internet turns ut t be false.。
52. 大部分参加会议的年轻人都认同我们的品牌。(identify) (汉译英)
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【答案】Mst f the yung peple wh/that attended the cnference identified with ur brand.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、定语从句、固定短语。表示“大部分年轻人”用mst f the yung peple，作主语，mst位于句首，首字母大写。表示“参加会议”用定语从句，先行词是yung peple，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh/that引导。从句中：表示“参加”用attend，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式；表示“会议”用cnference，此处为特指，cnference前加the，作attended的宾语。表示“认同”用identify with，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。表示“我们的品牌”用ur brand，作identified with的宾语。故翻译为Mst f the yung peple wh/ that attended the cnference identified with ur brand.
53. 虽然事先学了一些应对文化冲击的策略，但我在法国还是遇到了太过棘手的问题。(run int) (汉译英)
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【答案】Althugh I had learned sme strategies t cpe with culture shck befrehand, I still ran int sme t tugh prblems in France.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句和短语。此处表示“虽然”应用althugh引导让步状语从句，主语为I；表示“学”为动词learn，此处为过去的过去，应用过去完成时；表示“一些应对文化冲击的策略”翻译为sme strategies t cpe with culture shck；表示“事先”应用副词befrehand；主句主语为I；表示“还是”用副词still；表示“遇到”短语为run int；表示“太过棘手的问题”翻译为sme t tugh prblems；表示“在法国”短语为in France，主句为一般过去时。故翻译为Althugh I had learned sme strategies t cpe with culture shck befrehand, I still ran int sme t tugh prblems in France.
54. Mark，一位名声越来越大的科学家，受邀给我校新生发表演说，旨在帮助年轻人更了解日新月异的世界。(infrm) (汉译英)
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【答案】Mark, a scientist with a grwing reputatin, was invited t deliver a speech t the freshmen f ur schl, aiming t infrm yung peple better abut the rapidly changing wrld.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态和非谓语动词。分析所给中文句子，Mark为本句主语，“一位名声越来越大科学家”作插入语，译为“a scientist with a grwing reputatin”，“受邀”作谓语，用动词invite，和主语为被动关系，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，译为“was invited”，“给我校新生发表演说”为主语补足语，译为“t deliver a speech t the freshmen f ur schl”，“旨在”用动词短语aim t，和逻辑主语之间是现在分词形式，译为“aiming t”，“帮助年轻人更了解日新月异的世界”，“了解”根据题干要求用infrm，所以译为“infrm yung peple better abut the rapidly changing wrld”。故译为：Mark, a scientist with a grwing reputatin, was invited t deliver a speech t the freshmen f ur schl, aiming t infrm yung peple better abut the rapidly changing wrld.A．experience B. assciated C．psitin D．claim E．accmpanied
F．cnducted G．duratin H．preserve I．breeze J．representative
K．weighed