2023-2024学年译林版八年级英语下学期第一次月考试卷（含答案解析）

这是一份2023-2024学年译林版八年级英语下学期第一次月考试卷（含答案解析），共20页。试卷主要包含了考试时间，测试范围等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1．考试时间：100分钟，试卷满分：100分。本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．测试范围：Unit 1-Unit 2（译林版七年级下册）。
5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
选择题（共50分）
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1．________ six-minute cartn Reflect tells the stry f Bianca, ________ Disney’s first plus-size female character.
A．The; 不填B．The; theC．A; aD．A; 不填
2．Mr Brwn tgether with his family_______ Sanya fr a few weeks.
A．have been inB．have been tC．has been inD．has left
3．He stayed in the ________ island day after day, but he never felt ________.
A．lnely, alneB．lnely, lnelyC．alne, lnelyD．alne, alne
4．We ________ six days a week, but nw we have ________ five days a week.
A．used wrk, gt used t wrkingB．are used t wrk, gt used t wrk
C．used t wrking, used t wrkingD．used t wrk, gt used t wrking
5．Jack ________ Rse in 1998. That is t say, they ________ fr 15 years.
A．gt married with; have gt marriedB．gt married t; have married
C．married; have been marriedD．married t; have been married
6．It is half a year ________ they met each ther last time.
A．untilB．befreC．whileD．since
7．If there is ________ pllutin, the air in ur city will be ________ dirtier.
A．less; mreB．less; muchC．mre; muchD．mre; mre
8．Lk! ________ the rller caster________!
A．Hw high speed; is mvingB．What high speed; is mving
C．Hw high speed; is mving atD．What high speed; is mving at
9．—Lk! The man at the gate ________ be ur headmaster. He is always standing there every mrning.
—N, it ________ be him. He is hlding a meeting in the ffice nw.
A．must; can’tB．must; mustn’tC．can’t; can’tD．can’t; mustn’t
10．—She’s just back frm wrk, ________ she? —________. She’s cking supper in the kitchen.
A．hasn’t, YesB．isn’t, NC．has, ND．isn’t, Yes
11．We had a really hard time last year. ________, it is gne and tmrrw is anther day.
A．WheneverB．AnywayC．TherefreD．Althugh
12．Everyne except Tm and Mike ________ Wuxi befre.
A．has gne tB．have been tC．has been tD．have gne t
13．They are ________ little kids that they are hardly seen amng s many peple.
A．sB．suchC．veryD．quite
14．Yesterday Millie ________ me her dictinary and said I culd ________ it fr a week.
A．lent; brrwB．brrwed; haveC．brrwed; keepD．lent; keep
15．—Wuld yu mind if I pen the windw?
—________. I’ve gt a cld.
A．Yu’d better ntB．Never mindC．Of curse ntD．All right
二、完形填空（共15小题；毎小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Every mrning, I walked past a security guard (保安). He greeted 16 that walked by him. I wndered 17 he knew s many peple by their first names. The first few times I saw him, I didn’t say 18 back t him when he greeted me. I was lst 19 my wn wrld.
One Mnday he 20 , “Hw was yur weekend?“ I tld him abut my visit t my sick, elderly 21 . “The time I 22 with my mther is s precius（珍贵）, because I knw that each time culd be the last. ”
He tld me hw srry he was fr my mther’s sickness.
He shared hw he had lst a parent t illness, t. “I 23 what yu are ging thrugh. I 24 my father every day. ”
As I walked away, I realized I did nt even knw his 25 . The fllwing 26 , I asked, “What’s yur name?” He answered, “Gary”. I said, “I’m Debrah”. After that, we talked several times a week. We 27 stries abut ur weekend, ur dreams, and ur families.
Gary gt anther jb and mved away. It’s been years 28 I last spke t him, 29 it seems like just yesterday we talked.
I 30 at what became a friendship f sharing stries frm the heart.
When yu say hell t a stranger yu becme a pebble (鹅卵石) in the pnd (池塘). With each ripple (涟漪) yu create, yu spread lve that cntinues t give. Make a pint f saying hell t a stranger tday. Yu will give the gift that keeps n giving.
16．A．everyneB．smeneC．anyneD．n ne
17．A．whatB．whenC．whereD．hw
18．A．hellB．srryC．thank yuD．excuse me
19．A．nB．atC．inD．t
20．A．saidB．tldC．talkedD．asked
21．A．fatherB．mtherC．brtherD．sister
22．A．takeB．cstC．payD．spend
23．A．imagineB．understandC．rememberD．believe
24．A．think abutB．think verC．think utD．think f
25．A．jbB．ageC．addressD．name
26．A．dayB．weekC．mnthD．year
27．A．tldB．madeC．sharedD．argued
28．A．untilB．sinceC．befreD．after
29．A．yetB．andC．sD．then
30．A．lk verB．lk frwardC．lk backD．lk up
三、阅读理解（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）
请认真阅读下列材料, 从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
31．The news abve is all abut ________.
A．inventinB．lawsC．envirnmentD．achievements(成就)
32．The idea f the Dysn Zne is t ________.
A．intrduce a new inventinB．shw hw clever Dysn is
C．prvide users with mre airD．prtect peple frm pllutin
33．The best heading(标题) fr the secnd news wuld be ________.
A．Tw-wheeled Slutin(解决方法)B．An Envirnmentally-friendly(环保的) Bicycle
C．Serius Climate ChangeD．Cars vs Bicycles
34．Why did the UN suggest riding bikes mre ften?
A．Because it is a lt better fr health.
B．Because it will cause less greenhuse gas.
C．Because riding bikes is much cheaper than driving cars.
D．Because it can attract(吸引) mre attentin t bicycle-sharing services.
35．It’s clear that ________.
A．China planted a lt f trees n March 11, 2022
B．China desn’t have t wrry abut grass and any mre
C．China taught many peple hw t plant trees
D．China imprved a lt in the field f land-greening
B
When I walked int the huse after schl, I fund my dad at hme.
“What are yu ding hme already?” I asked casually.
“Andrew, I was laid ff (解雇) tday,” he answered quietly.
I was sure he was jking. “N, yu weren’t. Why are yu really hme?”
Then I nticed his expressin and realized he was telling the truth. My father has always been a hard wrker and was prud f himself n his career (职业). My father’s unemplyment (失业) created many changes in ur lives. He was hme all day, which meant my bed had t be made, my rm cleaned up, and my hmewrk dne right after schl. I wuld cme hme every day t find him at the cmputer searching fr jbs. I began t ntice hw dwn he seemed, and hw lsing his jb had affected (影响) his self-esteem (自尊心), thugh he tried t be ptimistic (乐观). He asked my brther and me t spend less mney. I gave up my pcket mney, thugh it wasn’t much, felt like the right thing t d. I als fund a part-time jb.
After several difficult mnths f searching, my dad decided t g in a ttally different directin. He explained that he never wanted t be laid ff again, s he was ging t start his wn business. Day by day, I watched him build it, and I admired (羡慕) hw much time and energy he spent n it.
One evening I asked if he needed help. “Only if it desn’t interfere (妨碍) with schl,” he said, which sunded like a yes.
I shwed up at his ffice the next afternn, and mst afternns after that fr tw mnths. I always knew he was a hard wrker, but watching him in actin really tuched me. Althugh this was ne f the wrst experiences fr ur family, it taught me a lt abut dealing with adversity. Nw I knw that thrugh clever prblem-slving, I can always find plans, ask fr help, and take risks.
36．When the father was laid ff, he ________.
A．was angry with his bssB．didn’t care abut it at all
C．culdn’t accept the fact easilyD．was as happy as usual
37．We can knw frm the passage that ________.
A．it was nt easy fr the father t find a new jb
B．the father asked his sns t give up their pcket mney
C．the father fund a gd jb when he changed his directin
D．Andrew and his brther helped his father set up his business
38．The underlined wrd “adversity” in the last paragraph prbably means ________.
A．terrible feelingsB．bad situatinsC．lw feelingsD．ld ideas
39．What has Andrew learned frm his father?
A．The spirit (精神) f slving prblems in a clever way
B．The skills f searching the Internet.
C．The experience f saving mney.
D．The rich business skills.
40．Which sentence can best describe their experience?
A．Practice makes perfect.B．Danger is the tuchstne (试金石) f life.
C．Grwing up in adversity.D．The miracle (奇迹) is in bad luck.
C
Here is the stry f a drp in the bucket(九牛一毛).
During the Han Dynasty, there was a histrian(史官) named Sima Qian. One day, the emperr(皇帝) received a message frm nrthern China. It said that the general(将军) Li Ling had given in(投降) t the enemy. The emperr was very angry with Li Ling. But Sima Qian didn’t say a wrd.
The emperr asked Sima Qian what he thught abut the matter. He answered, “The enemy has 80,000 sldiers, but Li has nly 5,000 men. He has been fighting hard fr mre than ten days. Li nly gave in because they had run ut f fd. I believe he is waiting fr anther chance t attack.”
When the emperr heard his wrds, he gt even angrier. He sentenced Sima Qian t castratin(宫刑). Sima Qian felt s humiliated(受辱的) that he nce wanted t kill himself. But in a letter t his friend, he wrte, “If I were t die nw, it wuld be like ne f nine cws lsing ne hair. I dn’t want t die like a nbdy. I will first finish the histry bk that I am writing.”
Later, Sima Qian did finish the bk, Recrds f theGrand Histrian(《史记》). It became ne f the mst famus bks ever written in China.
41．Wh is Sima Qian in this passage?
A．An emperr.B．A general.C．A histrian.D．A sldier.
42．Why was the emperr angry with Li Ling?
A．Because Li gave in t the enemy.
B．Because Li killed Sima Qinn.
C．Because Li didn’t say a wrd.
D．Because Li received a message frm nrthern China.
43．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the third paragraph?
A．Li nly gave in because they were afraid f their enemy.
B．Li was perhaps waiting fr anther chance t attack.
C．Li has been fighting hard fr mre than ten weeks.
D．Li had mre sldiers than the enemy.
44．What can we knw frm the last tw paragraphs?
A．Sima Qian killed himself.
B．Sima Qian cntinued his wrk.
C．Sima Qian’s friend stpped him frm killing himself.
D．Sima Qian’s friend finished the famus bks.
45．What d yu think f Sima Qian?
A．He is strng-minded and hard-wrking.
B．He is humrus and generus.
C．He is kind and helpful.
D．He is plite and clever.
D
When the air is plluted we wear masks t prtect ur lungs(肺). What abut bees and butterflies? They can’t wear masks.
New Scientist magazine recently reprted findings frm James Ryalls and his team at the University f Reading, UK. Their study fund that air pllutin is harmful(有害的) t pllinatrs(传花粉者)-insects like bees and butterflies. They can’t smell flwers because f the pllutin.
Pllinatrs are imprtant. They spread pllen(花粉) amng plants with flwers. This helps the flwer prduce seed and fruit. Withut pllinatrs, farms cannt make fd. We all need pllinatrs.
T d their study, Ryalls’ team built eight areas. Then, they piped(吹送) nitrgen xide(氧化氮) and zne(臭氧) int six f these areas. The ther tw areas had nrmal air. They were the cntrl grup.
“The results were much mre severe(严重的) than we thught,” said Ryalls. The levels f pllutin in their tests were similar t “nrmal rad traffic”. In such cnditins, 70 percent fewer insects entered the area. Once they were there, they didn’t hang arund. Visits t flwers decreased by up t 90 percent.
Scientists explained that gases like nitrgen xide and zne can break dwn the scents(气味) f flwers. This makes it hard fr insects t find their fd.
Maybe the mst terrible thing is that the researchers created pllutin levels that were legal(合法的) in the UK. Shannn Olssn, a scientist in India, called the results “imprtant” because they shw that “safe” levels f pllutin keep pllinatrs away.
“Air pllutin is anther stress n insects,” said Ryalls. “That adds t all the ther stresses causing their numbers t decline(减少).”
46．What prblem may air pllutin cause t pllinatrs?
A．They may have less fd t eat.
B．They may eat mre fruit and vegetables.
C．They can’t smell flwers, s they spread(传播) less pllen.
D．They may stp flwers giving ut scents.
47．Hw did the scientists d the research?
A．They recrded(记录) insects’ activities n farms next t busy rads.
B．They brught clean air t places with severe air pllutin.
C．They piped nitrgen xide and zne int eight areas.
D．They cmpared(比较) insect behavir in areas with plluted air and nrmal air.
48．What happened t pllinatrs in areas with air pllutin?
A．They fund fd mre easily.B．They culd nt find each ther.
C．They hung ut(外出) mre ften.D．They visited flwers less.
49．What des Paragraph 7 shw?
A．Pllinatrs will nly wrk in a “safe” envirnment.
B．Even “safe” levels f pllutin influence(影响) pllinatrs badly.
C．The law will have less cntrl ver air pllutin.
D．An envirnment that is safe fr insects is nt safe fr humans.
50．What is the experiment in the passage mainly abut?
A．The influence f air pllutin n pllinating insects.
B．Different levels f air pllutin in the UK.
C．Stresses that insects are facing.
D．Causes f air pllutin in big cities.
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
51．It’s nt hard fr yu t _______（实现）yur dream if yu put yur heart int it.
52．He spent abut 100 _______ (美元) buying this pair f shes last week.
53．I _______（想念）my parents when I studied abrad.
54．Mum decided t buy a _______（几个）f handbags fr her friends.
55．Tm always dreams f _______（放松）himself by taking a walk alng the beaches.
B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
56．There is n need t watch this film because we _______ (watch) it.
57．There are sme big shpping malls in the _______ (suth) part f the city.
58．I’m srry t hear that his grandpa has been _______ (die) fr half a year.
59．He gt up late this mrning, s he hurried _______ (catch) the bus t wrk.
60．_______ (far) dwn at the bttm f the page, yu can find ther infrmatin abut the city.
61．The child _______ (eat) up all the fd n the plate. Nw there isn’t anything n it.
62．Members with yung children ften fund it _______ (pssible) t attend evening meetings.
63．The UK has lts f _______ (nature) sights like the Lake District.
64．I think Sweeney Tdd is ne f the best _______ (music) in the last 15 years.
65．As a muntain climber, Arn is used t _______ (take) risks.
短文首字母填空（共10小题;每小题1分, 满分10分）
根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
D yu like travelling? D yu ften travel in yur hlidays? Travelling is i 66 and exciting, but it is nt if yu get sick. S what can yu d t stay h 67 ? There are three things yu shuld remember when yu travel: relax, sleep and eat w 68 .
First, when yu travel, there are s many places t v 69 : museums, shps and parks. Yu may s 70 mst f yur days walking arund these places. Yu may be very tired after a few hurs. If this is the way yu feel, yu shuld take a gd rest.
Secnd, sleep is als i 71 . Yu may want t stay ut late at night. In many cities, the nightlife can be very exciting. Then yu shuld plan t sleep fr an h 72 in the day.
T 73 , if yu want t stay in gd health, yu must eat well. That means eating the right kinds f fds. When yu are in a new cuntry, yu may want t try new fds, but yu need t be c 74 abut hw much yu eat. Lts f rich (油腻的) fd isn’t gd fr yu.
S, remember these! If yu want t enjy yur hliday, take gd care f y 75 . Give yur bdy sme rest. Get enugh sleep and eat gd, healthy fd.
六、书面表达（满分25分）
76．某英文报举办以“家乡的变化”为主题的征文活动。请你根据下表提示，以“The changes in my hmetwn”为题，用英语写一篇90词左右的短文。
注意事项：
1．短文的标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．表格中省略号处须用1—2句话作适当发挥。
参考词汇：方便的cnvenient
The changes in my hmetwn
In the past, my hmetwn was very small.__________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
High-tech pllutin prtectin Technlgy cmpany Dysn has invented headphnes with a mask t help peple avid plluted air. Called the Dysn Zne, it cnnects(连接) nise-canceling(消除) headphnes with a mask that sits just in frnt f the nse and muth, prviding users with cleaned air. The prduct(产品) is designed t fight against air and sund pllutin.
___________
On March 15, the UN General Assembly passed a reslutin(决议) supprting bicycles as a tl fr dealing with climate(气候) change. It calls n member cuntries t add bicycles t public transprtatin and encurages them t care abut bicycle-sharing services(服务). The UN said transprtatin is the third-largest causes f carbn dixide (CO₂), a greenhuse gas that causes glbal warming. Chsing the tw-wheeled(两轮的) ver a car just nce a day can reduce a persn’s transprtatin carbn emissins(排放) by 67 percent, accrding t a University f Oxfrd study.
Planting frests fr the future China’s Natinal Frestry and Grassland Administratin f frest in 2021 brught ut a reprt n March 11, shwing China’s land-greening plan in 2021. Accrding t the reprt, 3 millin hectares(公顷) f Chinese grassland were imprved thrugh grass planting, and 23,900 hectares f farmland were changed int grassland. As much as 1.44 millin hectares f land were saved frm becming desert.
过去
1．生活贫困，房屋破旧；
2．污染严重，垃圾满地；
3．交通不便，游客很少。
现在
1．生活：住房宽敞明亮，许多人有自己的汽车；
2．环境：山更绿，水更清，天更蓝；
3．旅游：每年有成千上万来自世界各地的游客。
将来
……
参考答案
1．A
【详解】句意：这部六分钟长的动画片《Reflect》讲述了迪士尼第一个超大尺寸女性角色Bianca的故事。
考查冠词。the是定冠词，特指某人或某物；a是不定冠词，泛指“一个”。第一空特指动画片《Reflect》，填the。Disney是非普通名词构成的专有名词，不加冠词。故选A。
2．C
【详解】句意：布朗先生和他的家人已经在三亚呆了几个星期了。tgether with his family 作Mr. Brwn的伴随状语，句子的真正主语是Mr. Brwn，根据主谓一致的原则，排除C,D；have been t表示某人去过某地，现在已经回来了，不能与表示一段的时间状语连用，故答案选A。
点睛：have been in/have been t /have gne t的区别。
have been in意为“在某地呆了多长时间”。His parents have been in China fr three mnths。
have been t意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，常与ever, just, never等词连用。其后可接nce, twice等表示次数的词。如：He has just been t the library。 They have never been t the Great Wall。I have been t Beijing many times。
have gne t意为“到某地去了”，说话时作句子主语的人不在现场，通常是第三人称作句子的主语。如：Where is Tm? He has gne t the pst ffice。
3．B
【详解】句意：他日复一日地待在这个孤岛上，但他从未感到孤独。
考查形容词辨析。lnely“孤独的、人迹罕至的”，形容词，可作定语或表语；alne“独自”，形容词或副词，形容词时只作表语。the lnely island“孤岛”，形容词lnely“人迹罕至的”作定语，修饰名词island；feel lnely“感到孤独的”，形容词lnely“孤独的”作表语。故选B。
4．D
【详解】句意：我们过去一周工作六天，但现在我们已经习惯了一周工作五天。
考查use的短语。used t d sth过去常常做某事；get used t ding sth习惯于做某事。分析句子可知，第一处表示“过去”，使用used t d结构；第二处表示“习惯于”，用于现在完成时结构中。故选D。
【点睛】有关use的几个常见用法：
use…t d… 使用……去做……；
used t d sth 过去常常做某事；
be used t d sth 被用来做某事；
be/get used t ding sth 习惯于做某事。
5．C
【详解】句意：Jack和Rse在1998年结婚，那就是说，他们已经结婚15年了。
考查动词短语辨析和现在完成时的用法。“和……结婚”的短语是get married t sb.或者marry sb.或者be married t sb.，故排除AD；根据时间词1998可知，第一空的时态是一般过去时，故谓语动词要用过去式；根据“fr 15 years”可知，第二空是现在完成时，故谓语动词marry要用延续性动词，转化为be married。故选C。
6．D
【详解】句意：自从他们上次见面已经半年了。
考查连词。until直到；befre之前；while当、然而；since自从。句型“It is/has been+时间段+since+一般过去时从句”意思是“自从……已经……时间了。”，故选D。
7．C
【详解】句意：如果有更多的污染，我们城市的空气会更脏。
考查比较级的用法。less更少；mre更多；much非常，很大程度上。根据“the air in ur city will be … dirtier.”可知，此处是有更多的污染，mre pllutin“更多污染”；下文应该空气更脏，dirtier“更脏的”，此处用much修饰形容词的比较级，故选C。
8．D
【详解】句意：看！过山车在以多么高的速度在运行呀！
考查感叹句。感叹句主要有：hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他！what+a/an（形容词）+单数名词+主语+谓语+其他！或者what+（形容词）+名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他！该句中感叹名词speed，所以用what引导的感叹句，speed不可数名词；“以……速度”用介词at，故选D。
9．A
【详解】句意：——看！门口的那个人一定是我们的校长。他每天早上总是站在那里。 — —不，不能是他。他正在办公室开会。must一定，必须；mustn't不可以；can't不可能；根据本题的前句He is always standing there every mrning，可知校长总是站在门旁，那么在门旁的那个人是校长的可能性很大，故用must；再根据He is hlding a meeting in the ffice nw，可知校长正在开会，那么在门旁的那个人不可能是校长，故用can't，表不可能。故选A。
10．D
【详解】句意：——她刚下班，是吗？——是的。她正在厨房里做晚饭。
考查反意疑问句。根据“She’s just back frm wrk”可知，此处She’s的全称是She is，所以反意疑问句部分也应用is，排除A和C；又根据“She’s cking supper in the kitchen.”可知，她已经下班了，所以此处应回答“是的（她刚下班）”。故选D。
11．B
【详解】句意：去年我们过得很艰难。不管怎样，它已经过去了，明天又是新的一天。
考查副词用法。Whenever每当；Anyway不管怎么样；Therefre因此；Althugh尽管。根据“ it is gne and tmrrw is anther day.”可知此处是表示转换话题，无论如何/反正艰难的时候已经过去了，故选B。
12．C
【详解】句意：除了汤姆和迈克，每个人都去过无锡。
考查现在完成时以及主谓一致。have been t去过（已回来）；have gne t去了（还未回来）。根据“befre”可知已经回来，用结构have been t；根据“Everyne except Tm and Mike”可知此处except连接的成分作主语时，遵循“就远原则”，谓语动词和Everyne保持一致，助动词用has。故选C。
13．B
【详解】句意：他们是那么小的孩子，在这么多人中很难见到他们。
考查结果状语从句。s如此；such如此；very非常；quite非常。根据“that they are hardly seen amng s many peple.”可知，此句是一个引导的结果状语从句；再者根据“little kids”可知，little在这里表示“小的”，结合“such + adj. + 名词复数 that 从句”，such符合句意。故选B。
14．D
【详解】句意：昨天米莉把字典借给我，说我可以借一个星期。
考查动词辨析和延续性动词。lent借出；brrwed借来。分析第一处可知，此处表示“米莉把字典借给我”，表示借出，排除B和C。brrw借；have有；keep保留。分析第二处可知，此句中有“fr a week”，所以表示“借”的延续性，需用keep表示。故选D。
15．A
【详解】句意：——你介意我把窗户打开吗？——你最好不要，我感冒了。
考查情景交际用语。Yu’d better nt你最好不要；Never mind没关系；Of curse nt当然不（介意）；All right好吧。根据“Wuld yu mind if I pen the windw”和“I’ve gt a cld”可知，我感冒了，故可推测出作者介意，此时应说“最好不要打开”。故选A。
16．A 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．D 23．B 24．D 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文讲述了作者和一个保安相知相识的过程，从内心分享他们彼此的故事。
16．句意：他向每一个从他身边走过的人打招呼。
everyne每个人；smene某人；anyne任何人；n ne没有人。根据“he knew s many peple by their first names”可知他和每一个从他身边经过的人打招呼，故选A。
17．句意：我想知道他怎么知道那么多人的名字。
what什么；when什么时候；where在哪里；hw如何。根据“I knew s many peple by their first names.”可知作者想知道这个保安是如何知道那么多人的名字，故选D。
18．句意：我头几次见到他时，他跟我打招呼，我都没回他。
hell你好；srry抱歉；thank yu谢谢你；excuse me打扰一下。根据“The first few times I saw him, I didn’t t him when he greeted me.”可知见面应该要问候说“你好”，故选A。
19．句意：我迷失在自己的世界里。
n在……上面；at在；in在……里面；t到。be lst in“迷失在……”，为固定短语，故选C。
20．句意：一个星期一，他问我：“周末过得怎么样?”
said说；tld告诉；talked谈论；asked问。根据“Hw was yur weekend”可知这句话是他问作者的，故选D。
21．句意：我告诉他我去看望了生病的年迈母亲。
father父亲；mther母亲；brther哥哥；sister姐姐。根据下文“He tld me hw srry he was fr my mther’s sickness.”可知是指作者的母亲，故选B。
22．句意：和妈妈在一起的时光是如此珍贵，因为我知道每一次都可能是最后一次。
take花费，主语一般是it；cst花费，主语是物；pay付款，主语是人；spend花费，主语是人。主语是人，宾语是时间，应用spend，故选D。
23．句意：我理解你正在经历什么。
imagine想象；understand理解；remember记得；believe相信。根据“He shared hw he had lst a parent t illness”可知这个保安是感同身受的，很理解作者，故选B。
24．句意：我每天都在想我的父亲。
think abut考虑；think ver仔细考虑；think ut想出；think f想起。根据“ father every day. ”可知因为父亲去世了，所以保安每天都想他的父亲，故选D。
25．句意：当我走开时，我意识到我甚至不知道他的名字。
jb工作；age年龄；address地址；name名字。根据“What’s yur name”可知作者还不知道他的名字，故选D。
26．句意：第二天，我问道：“你叫什么名字?”
day天；week周；mnth月；year年。根据“I realized I did nt even knw fllwing...”结合语境可知，应该是第二天，故选A。
27．句意：从那以后，我们每周交谈几次。我们分享了我们的周末、我们的梦想和我们的家庭。
tld告诉；made制作；shared分享；argued争论。根据“ abut ur weekend, ur dreams, and ur families.”可知两人互相分享自己的故事，故选C。
28．句意：距离我上次和他说话已经有好几年了，但我们的谈话就像昨天一样。
until直到；since自从；befre在……之前；after在……之后。根据“It’s been last spke t him”可知主句是现在完成时，从句是一般过去时，应用since引导时间状语从句，故选B。
29．句意：距离我上次和他说话已经有好几年了，但我们的谈话就像昨天一样。
yet然而；and和，s所以；then然后。根据“It’s been last spke t seems like just yesterday we talked.”可知虽然最后一次作者和保安说话距今有几年了，但是谈话好像就在昨天一样，故选A。
30．句意：我回顾了一段从内心分享故事的友谊。
lk ver检查；lk frward期待；lk back回顾；lk up查阅。根据“ what became a friendship f sharing stries frm the heart.”可知作者是回顾了这段友谊，故选C。
31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了戴森公司的产品、联合国的决议和中国林业局的报告，来说明人们抵抗污染，阻止全球变暖，提高森立覆盖率方面采取的措施和取得的成就。
31．细节理解题。根据第一则新闻“The prduct(产品) is designed t fight against air and sund pllutin.” ，第二则新闻“ On March 15, the UN General Assembly passed a reslutin(决议) supprting bicycles as a tl fr dealing with climate(气候) change.”和第三则新闻“Accrding saved frm becming desert.”可知，这三则新闻分别报道了抵抗空气噪音污染、抵抗全球变暖和防止沙漠化问题，都与环境有关。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“Called the Dysn Zne, it cnnects ... fight against air and sund pllutin.”可知，这种产品帮助人们对抗空气和噪音污染。故选D。
33．最佳标题题。通读这一则报道“On March 15, the UN General t a University f Oxfrd study.”可知，本段主要介绍的是提倡用自行车作为应对气候变化的工具。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“The UN said transprtatin is the third-largest causes f carbn dixide (CO₂), a greenhuse gas that causes glbal warming.”可知，交通是二氧化碳的第三大排放源，CO₂会导致全球变暖。又根据“Chsing the tw-wheeled(两轮的) ver a car just nce a day can reduce a persn’s transprtatin carbn emissins(排放) by 67 percent, accrding t a University f Oxfrd study.”可知，自行车会减少二氧化碳的排放。故选B。
35．细节理解题。根据“Accrding t the reprt, 3 millin hectares(公顷) f Chinese grassland were imprved thrugh grass planting, and 23,900 hectares f farmland were changed int grassland. As much as 1.44 millin hectares f land were saved frm becming desert.”可知，根据该报告，中国通过种草改善了300万公顷的草地，23900公顷的农田变成了草地，有144万公顷的土地免于变成沙漠。所以中国的绿化，防止沙漠化取得了很大发展。故选D。
36．C 37．A 38．B 39．A 40．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了父亲失业后的几个月都找不到合适的工作，最后决定自己创业，这段艰苦的岁月让作者学到了很多。
36．细节理解题。根据“ I began t ntice hw dwn he seemed, and hw lsing his jb had affected (影响) his self-esteem (自尊心)”可知，父亲很难接受失业的现实，故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据“After several difficult mnths f searching, my dad decided t g in a ttally different directin.”可知，父亲找工作好几个月都没有找到，因此对于父亲来说，找到一份新工作是不容易的，故选A。
38．词义猜测题。根据“Althugh this was ne f the wrst experiences fr ur family,”可知，这是我们家最糟糕的经历之一，因此可推测出划线单词表示“逆境，不好的情况”，故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据“Nw I knw that thrugh clever prblem-slving, I can always find plans, ask fr help, and take risks.”可知，Andrew从父亲身上学到了用聪明的方法来解决问题，故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据“Althugh this was ne f the wrst experiences fr ur family, it taught me a lt abut dealing with adversity.”可知，处理逆境教会了作者很多，因此他们的经历是在逆境中的成长，故选C。
41．C 42．A 43．B 44．B 45．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了司马迁经历了宫刑，但他还是坚持不懈，努力工作，最终完成了《史记》的故事。
41．细节理解题。根据“During the Han Dynasty, there was a histrian(史官) named Sima Qian.”可知司马迁是一位史官。故选C。
42．细节理解题。根据“It said that the general(将军) Li Ling had given in(投降) t the enemy. The emperr was very angry with Li Ling.”可知皇帝对李陵生气，因为他向敌人屈服了。故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据“Li nly gave in because they had run ut f fd. I believe he is waiting fr anther chance t attack.”（李屈服是因为他们没有食物了，我相信他在等待下一次进攻的机会。）可推断出B选项“李可能在等待下一次进攻的机会”表述正确。故选B。
44．推理判断题。根据“‘…I dn’t want t die like a nbdy. I will first finish the histry bk that I am writing.’ Later, Sima Qian did finish the bk, Recrds f the Grand Histrian.”（我不想像无名小卒一样死去，我要先完成我正在写的历史书。后来司马迁写完了《史记》。）可推断出我们能从最后两段了解到司马迁继续写他的《史记》。故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据“‘…I dn’t want t die like a nbdy. I will first finish the histry bk that I am writing.’ Later, Sima Qian did finish the bk, Recrds f the Grand Histrian.”（我不想像无名小卒一样死去，我要先完成我正在写的历史书。后来司马迁写完了《史记》。）可推断出司马迁是一个意志力坚强，也很勤奋的人。故选A。
46．C 47．D 48．D 49．B 50．A
【导语】本文通过实验介绍了关于空气污染对传递花粉的昆虫的影响，由于空气污染，这些昆虫会闻不到花朵的气味。
46．细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“They can’t smell flwers because f the pllutin.”可知，空气污染会使昆虫闻不到花的味道，因而影响花粉的传播。选项C符合。故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Ryalls’ team built eight areas. Then, they piped(吹送) nitrgen xide(氧化氮) and zne(臭氧) int six f these areas. The ther tw areas had nrmal air. They were the cntrl grup.”可知，研究团队组建了8个区域，在6个区域中吹送氧化氮以及臭氧，另外两个作为对照组是普通的空气，因此科学家是通过对照的方式来研究，选项D符合。故选D。
48．细节理解题。根据第五段的“In such cnditins, 70 percent fewer insects entered the area. Once they were there, they didn’t hang arund. Visits t flwers decreased by up t 90 percent.”可知，在有污染的情况下，进入该区域的昆虫减少了70%，一旦进入，也不会逗留，接近花的次数减少了90%。选项D符合。故选D。
49．推理判断题。根据第七段内容“Maybe the mst terrible thing is that the researchers created pllutin levels that were legal(合法的) in the UK…. because they shw that “safe” levels f pllutin keep pllinatrs away.”可知在英国创造合法的污染等级是最糟糕的事情，因为所谓的安全等级也会是传花粉者远离。选项B符合。故选B。
50．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Their study fund that air pllutin is harmful(有害的) t pllinatrs(传花粉者)-insects like bees and butterflies. They can’t smell flwers because f the pllutin.”可知研究发现空气污染对传花粉的昆虫是有害的，有污染就闻不到花的味道，因此该实验主要是关于传花粉昆虫受空气污染的影响。故选A。
51．realize/realise
【详解】句意：如果你用心去做，实现梦想并不难。realize/realise“实现”，动词，空前有不定式符号，动词用原形，故填realize/realise。
52．dllars
【详解】句意：上周他花了大约100美元买了这双鞋。dllar“美元”，可数名词，被100修饰，用其复数形式。故填dllars。
53．missed
【详解】句意：我在国外留学时想念我的父母。miss“想念”，根据studied可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填missed。
54．cuple
【详解】句意：妈妈决定给她的朋友买几个手提包。a cuple f“几个”，修饰名词handbags，故填cuple。
55．relaxing
【详解】句意：汤姆总是梦想着在海滩上散步来放松自己。relax“放松”，dream f ding sth“梦想做某事”，空处用动名词作宾语。故填relaxing。
56．have watched
【详解】句意：不需要看这部电影了，因为我们已经看过了。根据句意可知此题应用现在完成时态“have/has dne”，主语是we，所以用have watched。故填have watched。
57．suthern
【详解】句意：在城市的南部有一些大的购物中心。suth“南方”，名词，此处作定语修饰名词，应用suthern“南部的”，故填suthern。
58．dead
【详解】句意：我很抱歉听到她的祖父已经去世半年了。本句时间状语为fr half a year“半年”，为一段时间，表示从过去一直延续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，且要用延续性动作，此处用be+adj.形式表示，动词die“死亡”的形容词形式为dead“已经死亡的”，形容词作表语。故填dead。
59．t catch
【详解】句意：他今天早上起得很晚，所以他赶紧赶公交车去上班。hurry t d sth.“急忙做某事”，故用动词不定式。故填t catch。
60．Further
【详解】句意：在页面底部再往下一点，你可以找到更多的信息。根据“yu can find sme mre infrmatin.”可知，此处指的是这张纸的底部再往下一些，应用比较级形式，dwn是副词，应用副词修饰副词，far的比较级further表示“进一步地”，表示程度上的加深。故填Further。
61．has eaten
【详解】句意：这孩子把盘子里的食物都吃光了。现在上面什么都没有了。根据“Nw there isn’t anything n it.”可知过去吃光了食物对现在造成的影响是盘子里什么都没有了，用现在完成时，其结构为have/has dne，主语“The child”后接助动词has，eat的过去分词形式为eaten。故填has eaten。
62．impssible
【详解】句意：有小孩的会员经常发现无法参加晚间聚会。根据“Members with yung children”和生活常识可知，有小孩的成员常常无法参加晚会，impssible“不可能”符合句意。故填impssible。
63．natural
【详解】句意：英国有很多像湖区这样的自然景观。根据“sights”可知此处用形容词作定语，nature的形容词natural意为“自然的”，符合语境。故填natural。
64．musicals
【详解】句意：我认为《理发师陶德》是过去15年来最好的音乐剧之一。根据“Sweeney Tdd”可知此处讲《理发师陶德》，这是一部音乐剧，此处用“ne f the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，music的变形musical意为“音乐剧”。故填musicals。
65．taking
【详解】句意：作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。根据固定搭配“习惯做某事：be used t ding sth.”可知，空处填take的动名词taking。故填taking。
66．(i)nteresting 67．(h)ealthy 68．(w)ell 69．(v)isit 70．(s)pend 71．(i)mprtant 72．(h)ur 73．(T)hird 74．(c)areful 75．(y)urself
【导语】本文介绍了我们喜欢旅行，在旅行时应该记住三件事：放松、睡觉和吃得好。
66．句意：旅行既有趣又令人兴奋，但如果你生病了就不是了。根据“and exciting”可知，此处应该用interesting意为“有趣的”与之并列。故填(i)nteresting。
67．句意：那么你能做些什么来保持健康呢？根据“There are three things yu shuld remember when yu travel: relax, sleep and eat….”可知，应该是怎么做才能保持健康，stay healthy意为“保持健康”。故填(h)ealthy。
68．句意：当你旅行时，有三件事你应该记住：放松，睡觉，吃得好。由前面的叙述可知，要保持健康应该是吃得好，well意为“好”，副词。故填(w)ell。
69．句意：首先，当你旅行时，有很多地方可以参观：博物馆、商店和公园。根据“museums, shps and parks.”可知，这些都是我们可以参观的地方，visit意为“参观”，t后跟动词原形。故填(v)isit。
70．句意：在这些地方走来走去，你可能会浪费大部分时间。根据“mst f yur days walking arund these places.”可知，此处应该是花费很多时间，spend意为“花费”，情态动词may后跟动词原形。故填(s)pend。
71．句意：其次，睡眠也很重要。根据“Then yu shuld plan t sleep”可知，睡眠也很重要，imprtant意为“重要的”。故填(i)mprtant。
72．句意：那么你应该计划在白天睡一个小时。前文将睡眠是重要的，此处应该是先睡一个小时，hur意为“小时”。故填(h)ur。
73．句意：第三，如果你想保持健康，你必须吃得好。根据前文的First；Secnd可知，此处应该是第三，third意为“第三”，首字母大写。故填(T)hird。
74．句意：当你在一个新的国家，你可能想尝试新的食物，但你需要注意你的食量。根据“hw much yu eat.”可知，应该注意你的食量，be careful abut意为“小心”。故填(c)areful。
75．句意：如果你想享受假期，好好照顾自己。根据“Give yur bdy sme rest. Get enugh sleep and eat gd, healthy fd.”可知，此处是照顾自己，需用反身代词yurself。故填(y)urself。
76．例文
The changes in my hmetwn
In the past, my hmetwn was very small. Peple lived a pr life. The huses were ld. The pllutin was serius, and there was rubbish everywhere. The traffic was nt very cnvenient s few peple came here.
Nw great changes have taken place here. The envirnment has becme mre beautiful. The muntains have turned greener, the rivers are cleaner and the sky is bluer. Peple live a better life. Their huses are large and bright. Many peple have their wn cars. Every year, thusands f peple frm all ver the wrld cme t visit my hmetwn.
I’m sure my hmetwn will becme better and better in the future.
【详解】1.题干解读：本文以“The changes in my hmetwn”为题并结合题干中表格里的内容介绍自己家乡的变化，可适当增加细节。
2.写作指导：本文以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。文章分为三段，第一段主要描述家乡过去的情况；第二段描述家乡现在的情况；第三段表达愿望。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。