湖北省部分市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读理解

这是一份湖北省部分市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题汇编：阅读理解，共56页。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The 2024 “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Prficiency Cmpetitin fr Freigners acrss the Glbe — Calligraphy and Painting Challenge has been fficially annunced (宣布), which will start n April 1, 2024.
This cmpetitin invites painting, calligraphy, and Chinese language lvers frm all arund the wrld t take part in this exciting event.
Here we are calling n thse wh have interest t turn in their creative tpics fr the cmpetitin, with the tpic selectin prcess being decided by the public.
If yu’re interested, feel free t turn in the tpic that yu believe fits the requirements f the cmpetitin.
Here are what yu shuld fllw:
Wh can take part
The call fr creative tpics fr the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge is pen t any Chinese language lvers wrldwide, with n limitatins n age r natinality.
When t turn in
If yu’d like t take part, yu’d better hand in between Jan. 15, 2024 and Mar. 30, 2024 (Beijing Time).
Annuncement date
The selected tpic fr the Calligraphy and Painting Challenge will be annunced n Mar. 31, 2024, which als marks the fficial start fr handing in calligraphy and painting wrks under the selected tpic next day.
Methds t hand in
Participants (参与者) can send their tpics and related infrmatin t Chinesebridge@chineseplus.net. “Chinese Bridge” als accepts direct messages n its fficial accunt n Facebk, Instagram, We Chat, and Weib.
1. Which f the fllwing statements is crrect?
A. Participants must be mre than 18 years ld.
B. The natinality f the participants must be Chinese.
C. Participants can turn in the tpic nline r t the ffice.
D Participants can hand in whatever tpic suitable fr the cmpetitin.
2. On which f the fllwing date the tpics aren’t allwed t turn in?
A. June 20, 2024.B. February 12, 2024.
C. March 25, 2024.D. January 28, 2024.
3. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T set up a cmpetitin rganizatin.
B. T annunce the pening f a cmpetitin.
C. T cllect creative tpics fr a cmpetitin.
D. T prvide sme infrmatin abut a cmpetitin.
B
“I was captivated by weightlifting during the Lndn 2012 Olympic Games,” says Fina Clements, a sftware develper wrking in Lndn. “I think it’s partly because the effrt is s bvius—yu can see every flash f dubt, pain and happiness f success n the athletes’ faces.”
Clements was 48 at the time. She thught she’d left it far t late t even cnsider trying it, but then she kept thinking abut it. “It tk until September 2022, but I finally went fr it.” Clements signed up fr a beginner’s class with Sally Mss, a strength cach wh is an expert in Olympic lifting, and lved it frm her first class. Nw 58, Clements can lift 50kg and push 21kg verhead. She says she has never felt strnger.
Resistance training, t use the term fr any type f exercise where yu’re wrking against weight, whether it’s using dumbbells(哑铃), exercise bands r just yur wn bdy weight, is extremely beneficial.
“I just thught that it wuld be impssible t make a difference t my bdy as an lder wman,” says Jann a Blacker, a small business wner, wh tk up strength training at 53. “I’d gained weight and felt awful. I certainly didn’t think that weightlifting wuld be the way I wuld change my bdy.”
Blacker can nw lift 40kg fr 10 repetitins and feels mre than ready t deal with training alne. Clements, at the same time, has already signed up with her lcal gym, fr the days she’s nt training with Mss. “I can feel these bands f hard muscle when I mve my arms and legs that I’m pretty sure weren’t there befre,” she says. “But the best part is that I’m actually able t understand the sprt I lve. It still feels like magic when that bar ges verhead.”
4. What des the underlined wrd “captivated” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Uninterested.B. Attracted.C. Upset.D. Satisfied.
5. Why did Clements fail t try weightlifting in 2012?
A. She was fearful f the pain.B. She fund it hard t get a tp cach.
C. She was dubtful abut its lasting effects.D. She thught she was t ld t have a g.
6. What did Blacker benefit frm taking up weightlifting?
A. She increased her willpwer.B. She imprved her bdy shape.
C. She fund a part-time jb in this field.D. She had her busy daily life changed.
7. What des Clements say abut weightlifting?
A. She has a deeper understanding f it.B. She suggests starting it at a lcal gym.
C. She enjys muscle-building mst f all.D. She finds it mre magic than hard wrk.
C
A team f scientists is studying the sund f the frest in Ecuadr t learn hw artificial intelligence (AI) culd fllw animal life in recvering envirnments.
When scientists want t measure new frest grwth, they can study large areas f land with tls like satellites. But understanding hw fast and in what number wildlife is returning t an area is mre difficult. Smetimes it requires an expert t listen thrugh sund recrdings and pick ut animal calls.
Jrg Muller, an expert n birds, wndered if there was a different way. S, he turned t biacustics (生物声学), which uses sund t learn mre abut animal life and their living envirnments. Muller and his team recrded wildlife sunds in Ecuadr. They first had experts listen t the recrdings and list the sunds f different animals. Then, they examined the sund quality t measure the envirnment. Finally, they ran tw weeks f recrdings thrugh an AI cmputer prgram trained t understand 75 different bird calls.
The prgram was able t pick ut the calls n which it was trained. Hwever, scientists wndered if the prgram culd crrectly identify the number f different kinds f plants and animals in each envirnment. T see if the prgram culd d that, the team used tw different cntrls. One was frm the experts wh listened t the recrdings, and the secnd was based n examples frm each envirnment, which can be used t understand bidiversity (生物多样性).
Since the number f sunds that are fund t be used t train is limited, the AI prgram culd nly identify ne-furth f the bird calls experts culd. But it was still able t crrectly measure bidiversity levels in each envirnment, the study said. It als said the results shw the AI prgram is a pwerful tl t measure the recvery f animal scieties in sme frests. The study shwed that bidiversity fund frm recrdings can be measured in a cst-effective and cmplete way and measure envirnments.
There are still areas fr imprvement, including the lack f animal sunds n which t train AI mdels. And the methd can nly catch animals that use sund t cmmunicate.
8. What des the study fcus n?
A. Studying plant grwth.B. Observing birds’ behavir.
C. Understanding AI’s effect n wildlife.D. Measuring wildlife recvery.
9. What methd did the team use t learn wildlife sunds in Eduadr?
A. Biacustics.B. Satellite recrding.
C. Sund recrding by AI.D. Direct bservatin by experts.
10. What did the AI prgram prve t be useful fr?
A. Identifying plant species.B. Tracking weather change.
C. Measuring bidiversity levels.D. Identifying all the bird calls.
11. What did the study suggest fr imprvements?
A. Measuring mre bird envirnments.
B. Catching animals that use sund t cmmunicate.
C. Training the prgram n a wider variety f sunds.
D. Having experts study mre and understand bird calls.
D
Is there a friend f yurs wh always sings ut f tune (曲调) but never realizes it? Dn’t be s hard n them — they may have amusia — the inability t tell the difference in tunes.
Apart frm singing ut f tune, peple with amusia may als find it hard t recgnize music they’ve heard befre withut the help f sng lyrics. Besides, peple wh suffer frm Amusia can have difficulty in recgnizing meldies and a ttal inability t tell between different musical sunds, accrding t Live Science. Hwever, peple with amusia can recgnize cmmn envirnmental sunds as well as the high and lws sunds in human vices, meaning that this inability can be specially related t music.
In many cases, peple wh have amusia are brn with it, as 46 percent f these individuals’ family members were fund t have similar cnditins, accrding t a 2017 study. Brain imaging shws that their brains receive and respnd t music pitch (音高) infrmatin, but it is nt reaching cnscius awareness, meaning that the mind can’t understand the infrmatin.
Scientists at the University f Otag in New Zealand als think that amusia is related t peple’s special prcessing skills. They invited peple with amusia, musicians and students frm nn-musical backgrunds t perfrm a task related t spacial imaginatin. They were asked t decide whether pairs f images are the same bject mving arund r mirrr images.
The result shwed that the amusia grup made mre mistakes than the ther tw grups. Amusia might be related t the way brain stres infrmatin abut the high and lw sunds in sngs, accrding t the study.
Althugh thse wh aren’t cnfident abut their singing skills ften say they’re “tune-deaf”, peple with amusia nly make up abut 1.5 percent f the ppulatin, as shwn in the 2017 study. “Like dyslexics (诵读困难者) can learn hw t read, thse with amusia shuld be able t better their ability t recgnize tunes if they start early enugh,” Isabelle Peretz, a prfessr f psychlgy frm the University f Mntreal in Canada, tld Live Science.
12. Accrding t the article, what is the main difficulty faced by peple with amusia?
A. Recgnizing tunes.B. Identifying human vices.
C. Understanding sng lyrics.D. Nticing cmmn sunds in nature.
13. What did the 2017 study tell us abut amusia?
A. Amusia is cmmn amng children.
B. Amusia is a result f brain damage.
C. Many individuals with amusia are brn with it.
D. Thse wh are tune-deaf ften suffer frm amusia.
14. What did the study by scientists at the University f Otag shw?
A. Peple with amusia have strng spa cial imaginatin skills.
B. Peple with amusia struggle t decide the shape f images.
C. Amusia may be affected by ne’s level f music educatin.
D. Amusia may be related t hw the brain stres sund infrmatin.
15. Hw can peple with amusia imprve their musical ability, accrding t Peretz?
A. G fr medical treatment.B. Sing frequently with friends.
C. Learn hw t read earlier in life.D. Start t explre and learn music early.
湖北省十堰市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末调研考试英语试卷
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Frsty Ridge Resrt (FRR) is a ppular turist attractin with a lng histry. D yu want t jin the prud traditin f service at FRR? Welcme t jin us!
Parking Hst
The respnsibility f a parking hst is t help guests prperly park their vehicles (交通工具), infrming guests f parking steps and answering questins. Yu must be at least 18 years f age. A driver’s license (执照) is required. It’s necessary t have a team player attitude and be able t wrk with peple f diverse cultures. The ability t wrk with different grups f peple in a calm and prfessinal manner is als a must.
Child Care Prvider
Previus child care experience is preferred. Yu shuld prvide quality child care, by meeting the needs f varius age grups and guest demands in a psitive way. Shw psitive cmmunicatin skills, and ffer children funny activities. Climb stairs t wrk space and wrk at a desk r cmputer wrk statin fr ne r tw hurs.
Ski Instructr
Teach ski lessns t guests with the specific fcus n students’ gals while emphasizing (强调) safety, fun and learning. Yu shuld be able t ski r snwbard. Great custmer service skills and gd adaptability are required. In particular, unlike the tw psitins abve, yu must wrk during the Christmas week.
21. What shuld peple in the parking hst psitin d?
A. Teach ski lessns t guests.
B. Help guests park their cars.
C. Lk after guests’ children.
D. Answer questins frm FRR directr.
22. What is specially required fr a ski instructr?
A. Being cmmunicative.B. Prviding fun fr guests.
C. Wrking during Christmas week.D. Having related wrking experience.
23. Wh is the text intended fr?
A. Jb hunters.B. Prject managers.C. Lcal visitrs.D. Cllege students.
B
Zhang Zening, a hanfu supprter and lver in Nanjing, East China’s Jiangsu Prvince, started a surprising jurney eight years ag t restre (使复原) this traditinal Chinese clthing. Inspired by ancient murals (壁画), Zhang, 41, studied the artistry f hanfu in varius museums, changing paintings int tuchable and wearable pieces.
Upn graduating frm cllege, Zhang first wrked in material research, burying herself in the labratry, cnducting chemical experiments fr the study f raw materials. At the time, she was ne f the earliest lvers f hanfu in China, frequently rganizing varius hanfu activities in her spare time. Nw as the wner f a hanfu studi, Zhang has wrked with wmen’s re-emplyment rganizatins, lking fr full-time stay-at-hme wmen with sewing (缝纫) skills. This matched with her need fr the prductin f hanfu.
Arund 2015, Zhang began t fcus independently n the prcess f hanfu restratin. In that year, she visited Dunhuang, Nrthwest China’s Gansu Prvince where she was attracted by the beautiful murals there, wndering hw she culd pssibly change them int beautiful cstumes.
In the past years, she has traveled t mre than 10 cities acrss China, cnstantly studying murals and cnducting research t restre hanfu frm different dynasties. She managed t restre mre than 50 sets. She referred t different materials including varius murals, ther cultural relics and literature t make sure that the restratin is as crrect as pssible. Thanks t her wrk, many yung peple wear restred hanfu when they visit museums, and Zhang is excited t see mre f them ding s.
24. What can we learn abut Zhang Zening accrding t paragraph 1?
A. She lnged t be a scientist.
B. She was addicted t traveling widely.
C. She was fnd f Chinese traditinal art.
D She enjyed watching museum visitrs.
25. Why des Zhang wrk with sme rganizatins?
A. T recver traditinal Chinese clthing.
B. T reduce emplyment pressure.
C. T increase her business influence.
D. T help the cmpanies in truble.
26. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Dunhuang?
A. T explain hw hard Zhang wrks.
B. T shw the start f Zhang’s independent hanfu restratin wrk.
C. T prmte varius Dunhuang’s artwrks.
D. T intrduce Zhang’s rich travel experiences.
27. Which f the fllwing best describes Zhang’s restratin wrk?
A. Effective.B. Shrt-lasting.C. Dangerus.D. Cstly.
C
When 62-year-ld fisherman Kpana Charlie finished the day’s catch, he liked t settle int a wden chair, thinking abut his childhd. Back then, his life n Sierra Lene’s Nyangai Island seemed excellent. He spent endless hurs playing with his friends n the island’s white beaches. Whenever he wanted t avid having t d his husewrk, he culd simply disappear int the frest that cvered much f the island. He remembers as recently as ten years ag, it still measured sme 2, 300 feet frm end t end.
Tday, Nyangai is disappearing befre his very eyes, cvered by the endless sea. The frests are gne. And the land n which Charlie’s family hme nce std, has lng since disappeared beneath the waves.
In fact, the lcal gvernment has respnded t the sharp increase f sea level by building a cncrete (混凝土制的) seawall alng the length f the twn. But in the many smaller castal twns and villages in the area, there simply aren’t the resurces. Then, the gvernment made a prject t prtect sme f the settlements by planting trees, but this has had limited success. With the ppulatin relying n wds fr building and smking-fish, few trees lived lnger than the prject, which ended in 2021.
Sierra Lene has been identified as ne f the wrld’s mst weak cuntries t the effects f climate change, despite having little influence n glbal CO2 emissins (排放). “Weak cuntries shuld be getting sme supprt frm wealthy natins t strengthen their climate defenses (防御),” says Gabriel Kpaka, the head f the cuntry’s Meterlgical Agency. “But we’re nt really seeing that.”
With glbal sea level expected t rise by anywhere between 1 and 3 feet by the end f the century, alng with an increase in extreme weather events, the experience f this West African island ffers an understanding f the pssible future f cuntless ther lw-lying areas arund the wrld.
28. Why des the authr tell Charlie’s stry in paragraph 1?
A. T describe his wnderful life at present.B. T ffer-readers-backgrund infrmatin
C. T call n lcal peple t prtect the seenD. T attract mre visitrs t Nyangai Island.
29. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The reasns fr the changes n the island.B. The rich natural species in castal areas.
C. The measures taken t deal with rising sea level.D. The way t build a cncrete seawall n the island.
30. What can be dne t help Nyangai Island accrding t Kpaka?
A. Lcal gvernment shuld build a strnger seawall.
B. Lcal peple n the island limit their CO2 emissins.
C. Cuntries in lw-lying areas wrk tgether fr their rights.
D. Rich cuntries shuld ffer supprt abut climate defenses.
31. What is the authr’s attitude twards the future f ther lw-lying areas?
A. Cncerned.B. Dubtful.C. Uncertain.D. Psitive.
D
Nt all birds sing, but thse that d—sme several thusand species—d it a lt.
Iris Adam, a scientist at the University f Suthern Denmark says, birds have “a drive t sing”. This means hurs every day fr sme species, and that takes a lt f energy. Hwever, singing can be dangerus. “As sn as yu sing, yu shw yurself, fr example, where yu are and that yu even exist—all f that immediately is ut in the pen fr predatrs (捕食性动物) , fr everybdy,” she says.
In a new study published in the jurnal Nature Cmmunicatins, Adam and her clleagues ffer a new explanatin fr why birds take that risk and whether the muscles (肌肉) that prduce birdsng require daily exercise. Adam designed an experiment n zebra finches—little Australian sngbirds. Her experiment included keeping male birds in the dark t sever the cnnectin between their brains and-their singing muscles, which prevented them frm singing.
After a week, the birds’ singing muscles lst half f their strength. Three weeks later, they were back t the same level when they were juveniles (幼鸟) and never had sung befre. When Adam played ne f the male’s sngs fr: a grup f female birds, six ut f nine preferred the sng that came frm a male wh had been using his singing muscles daily.
Adam’s cnclusin (结论) is that sngbirds need t exercise their singing muscles t prduce tp-perfrmance sng. If they dn’t sing, they lse perfrmance, and their sngs get less attractive t females, which is bad.
“What they stress is that yu need a lt f practice t imprve what yu’re ding,” says Ana Amadr, a scientist at the University f Buens Aires. It’s a gd rule t live by, whether yu’re a bird r a human—practice makes perfect, at least when it cmes t singing ne’s heart ut.
32. Why can singing be dangerus fr birds?
A. They can drive predatrs t sing.B. They never prtect their areas.
C. Their singing can attract predatrs.D. Singing des damage t their muscles.
33. What des the underlined wrd “sever” prbably mean in paragraph 3?
A. Remember.B. End.C. Risk.D. Keep.
34. What d we knw abut Adam’s experiment?
A. It mainly fcused n male birds and juveniles.
B. It aimed t prtect zebra finches frm pssible risks.
C. It strengthened birds’ singing muscles in fur weeks.
D. It prved exercising singing muscles matters t birds.
35. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. Iris Adam’s wrk is a big successB. Singing can be dangerus fr birds
C. Birds sing t keep muscles in shapeD. Birds and human beings need practice
武汉市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试卷
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
ENJOY THE OUTDOORS
Adventure Camp at Ohi Dreams is the perfect way t enjy traditinal summer camp. Campers will be able t learn abut multiple sprts and utdr adventures. We prvide the equipment (设备) and the schedule s yu can start frm scratch and learn frm the best, and even the new cmer wh may lack experience can make up fr it with the spirit fr adventure.
Athletics, Creativity, Science, Knwledge and Scial Skills are the backbne f ur camp. We ffer a wide variety f activities fr campers that are full f energy and curisity.
▪Learn Skatebarding: Learn the basics f skating frm balancing, drpping in and even a few tricks.
▪Learn Muntain Biking: Try ne f ur muntain bikes and take a few laps n ur five-mile track acrss the cuntryside r learn the basics f jumping n ur Freeride curses.
▪Hiking: Pack a snack and hike t beautiful waterfalls and caves while learning hw t identify plant species and many different wildlife animals.
▪Beach Vlleyball: Everybdy shuld knw hw t jump in a game f pick-up vlleyball at the beach. Learn abut where t be and hw t pass, set, and hit the ball t win.
▪Swimming Lessns: If yu aren’t the best at swimming, this week-lng prgram will help yu t find yur sea legs (and arms) s yu will have mre cnfidence when swimming.
Click here fr deals, news and early registratin discunts.
1. What is an advantage f Adventure Camp?
A. It has the best equipment.B. It is suitable fr the inexperienced.
C. It ffers bth indr and utdr activities.D. It is the first traditinal summer camp in Ohi
2. Which f the fllwing is included in Adventure Camp?
A. Overcming the fear f swimming.B. Cllecting plants species in the pen air.
C. Learning vlleyball in prfessinal stadiums.D. Riding muntain bikes t waterfalls and caves.
3. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A travel brchure.B. A news reprt.C. A bk review.D. An nline website.
B
It was a warm evening in August in 1995. Rbert Blcker was driving t Yale University after being appinted as the university’s Dean (院长) f Music. He didn’t expect t see many peple, but a cuple f students met him and shwed him arund.
“When I lked at the histry f the university and hw peple are devted t the schl’s art prgrams, I was hnred by the chance t wrk there. I culd nt wait fr the next day t start my jb. And that excitement never changed because every day was different. My jb as dean was nt scheduled. I walked arund the campus and students talked t me. I went t rehearsals (排演) by the students and teachers and gt inspired by them,” he adds.
After nearly three decades as the Dean f Music at Yale, the 77-year-ld retired frm the psitin n Aug 31. Als an expert pianist, he remains a prfessr f pian at the music schl, as well as prfessr f leadership strategies at Yale Schl f Management. Amng his cuntless cntributins as dean, Blcker develped lng-term relatinships with fellw musicians in China. He nce tured cities, including Shenzhen, Shanghai and Hangzhu, giving lectures t the yungsters.
“China is a very special place fr me. I am very happy t be back after the pandemic (疫情) t meet my friends and clleagues,” Blcker says, adding that he is particularly excited abut being with yung students.
Yang Suxian, directr f the Shenzhen Pian Music Festival, says, “He has been very supprtive and has participated in the Shenzhen Pian Music Festival fr years, even during the pandemic.”
Blcker’s visin f a mre hpeful wrld is reflected in his belief that music bridges the understanding between peple
“Music brings hpe. Peple may speak different languages and have different ideas but music speaks t each ther’s heart, and that’s why we keep this wrk ging n and why the wrk never ends,” he says, “Our jb is t let music heal the wrld by allwing us t understand and find a cmmn place in ur hearts.”
4. Hw did Rbert Blcker feel after being appinted as the university’s Dean?
A. Anxius.B. Thrilled.C. Terrified.D. Challenged.
5. What is included in Rbert Blcker’s wrk at Yale?
A. Teaching leadership skills.B. Reviving art prgrams f the schl.
C. Giving cncerts when turing cities in China.D. Organizing rehearsals fr students and teachers.
6. What is the authr’s purpse in mentining Yang Suxian’s wrds?
A. T advertise the festival in Shenzhen.B. T stress Rbert’s preference fr music.
C. T review the hardships during the pandemic.D. T shw Rbert’s care abut Chinese musicians.
7. What d we knw abut musicians’ jb frm the last paragraph?
A. Spreading music t the whle wrld.
B. Translating music int a cmmn language.
C. Helping peple t reach an agreement n music.
D. Guiding peple t knw themselves better thrugh music.
C
Adaptatins are the currency f the mvie industry. It’s cmmn t see that the latest hit mvie r thrilling drama is inspired by a nvel, vide game, r perhaps even a cmic bk. The jurney f the page being adapted t the screen has been cvered a lt. But little is the prcess spken abut in reverse.
The mst well-knwn versin f a film making its way int the publishing industry is thrugh the classic nvelizatin. Mvie nvelizatins went thrugh a ppular perid befre the Internet existed. Fans wanted t keep learning mre abut the fictinal wrlds they had stepped. int and needed t experience the stry again in a new way. They culdn’t simply ggle it, nr culd they immediately get the prductin n tape. Therefre, the nvelizatin was a great slutin.
Nvelizatins were usually written by authrs wh were nt in the mvie-making prcess. Instead, they wuld receive the mst cmplete versin f the screenplay t hand and wuld begin t write their adaptatin based n that dcument. Althugh changes culd be made, there were times where a nvelizatin didn’t actually reflect what happened n the screen because scenes culd be cut r replaced and the nvelizatins were left utdated. But there’s als an advantage. The nvelizatins were a small piece f mvie-making histry in their wn right. Massive films like Star Wars, ET, Back T The Future, and Alien all received their wn page adaptatin. It was a cmpletely unique experience befre the films were even available t watch. Fr a time, they were everything fr cinema lvers.
Regardless f the influences n the tales, mvie adaptatins prvide a creative utlet fr new cncepts t be develped. That’s a wnderful idea. which shuld be encuraged fr thse mvies that never gt a chance t cntinue n their path.
8. What des the underlined phrase “in reverse” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Equally.B. Oppsitely.C. Similarly.D. Cmpletely.
9. Why were mvie nvelizatins ppular befre the Internet existed?
A. They tk the place f prductins n tape.
B. They were adapted frm up-t-date nvels.
C. They satisfied fans’ curisity in a different way.
D. They created a fictinal wrld fr peple t first step in.
10. What is prbably the disadvantage f a nvelizatin?
A. Its chsing the wrng stry.
B. Its missing the pint f the screenplay.
C. Its cutting and replacing mvie scenes.
D. Its failing t match the riginal mvie.
11. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Nvel-based Mvies.B. Fast-develping Industries.
C. Film-t-bk Adaptatins.D. Well-knwn nvelizatins.
D
Abut a decade ag, a female reprter. Ms. Dunlp, attended a banquet (宴会) in Guangzhu. The bird’s nest sup was gentle, the sea cucumber was delicius and the fish was fresh and perfectly steamed. Ending a banquet with sup may seem unusual t Westerners, fr they are familiar with desserts at a meal’s clse. The mst memrable dish, hwever, was the plain white cup f brth (肉汤) served at the end. Made frm chicken, prbably with ham as well, it was simple but perfect.
Invitatin t a Banquet, based n this jurney, is Ms. Dunlp’s seventh bk. Unlike thse fr which she is best knwn, including The Fd f Sichuan and Revlutinary Kitchen, this is nt a ckbk. Instead, she has chsen 30 dishes and used each t present different parts f Chinese cuisine--and, in turn, Chinese life and histry.
Cmpared with ther authrs wh spend their lives fcused n a freign cuisine-as Diana Kennedy, an English fd writer, did in Mexic, r Paula Wlfert, an American, did in the Middle East--she is mre a gatherer than an inventr f recipes (食谱). Readers will nt learn hw t make Chinese dishes but hw and why Chinese chefs have lng preferred unusual ingredients, such as a bitter citrus (柑橘) fruit. Westerners Ms. Dunlp argues, have traditinally believed that the Chinese eat specific animal parts ut f being pr and desperate, which shuts the dr n a variety f fds wnderfully created.
In general, Ms. Dunlp lists examples fr the superirity f Chinese cuisine in a delighted way. She shws hw it has been affected by freign cultures, hw it has changed with China’s increasing ecnmy and hw central it is t the cuntry’s cultural histry. She als mentins that what Westerners think f as “Chinese fd” is wrng. Glbalizatin has made the real ne mre reachable than ever utside China. Western eaters culdn’t miss that.
12. What is paragraph 1 f the text mainly abut?
A. The adventure f Ms. Dunlp.B. The arrangement f a banquet.
C. The inspiratin f Invitatin t a Banquet.D. The uniqueness f Chinese cuisine.
13. What will a reader learn frm Ms. Dunlp’s seventh bk?
A. The methd f gathering similar recipes.
B. The ways t make 30 different Chinese dishes.
C. The difference between Chinese and Western cuisine.
D. The reasn fr Chinese chefs’ ingredients preference.
14. What dcs Ms. Dunlp think f Westerners’ traditinal views n Chinese fd?
A. Narrw.B. Supprtive.C. Objective.D. Uncncerned.
15. What is the authr’s purpse f writing this text?
A. T recmmend a bk.B. T prmte a culture.
C. T intrduce a persn.D. T describe an experience.
湖北省荆州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Mst Beautiful Seas in the Wrld
Cnsidering the mst beautiful seas, it’s wrth paying attentin t the suthern water bdies, althugh, withut dubt, each sea is attractive and charming in its wn way.
The mst beautiful sea in the wrld-Cral Sea
If we cnsider the beauty f the seas, and nt their casts, then the first place shuld be given t the Cral Sea. The Cral Sea is a dangerus place fr sailrs, and at the same time ne f the mst beautiful places fr diving and all this is due t the unique cral reefs that are hme t a wide range f creatures.
The secnd place-Red Sea
The Red Sea is a truly magnificent place. It has rich fish stcks, a huge number f amazing creatures live in it, and the underwater wrld is exceptinally rich, which makes it ne f the mst attractive destinatins fr divers arund the wrld.
The third place-Caribbean
This is the warmest extic(异域风情的)place where nt nly the sea but als the plants n its cast please the eye. It’s lcated between Nrth and Suth America, and n its shre there are a number f small cuntries. Many turists cme here, because rest here is inexpensive, and yu can experience different cultural traditins.
The furth place-Bali Sea
The Bali Sea is lcated in the Pacific Ocean. This is anther paradise(天堂)fr relaxatin, receiving many turists every seasn. The sea has a warm climate, creating ideal cnditins fr relaxing n the islands f Java, Sulawesi, Sumbawa and Madura.
21. Where shuld yu g if yu like diving and varius sea creatures?
A. Red Sea and Bali Sea.B. Caribbean and Bali Sea.
C. Cral Sea and Red Sea.D. Cral Sea and Caribbean.
22. Why d many visitrs cme t the Caribbean?
A. T appreciate different cultures at a lwer cst.
B. T take a clse lk at a number f wild plants.
C. T lk fr mre crals and the best places t dive.
D. T relax n the islands f Java, Sulawesi and s n.
23. What makes Bali Sea a paradise?
A. Its cast.B. Its islands.C. Its turists.D. Its climate.
B
Jenifer Mauer has needed mre willpwer than the typical cllege student t pursue her gal f earning a nursing degree. That willpwer bre fruit when Jennifer graduated frm University f Wiscnsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family t earn a bachelr's degree.
Mauer, f Edgar, Wiscnsin, grew up n a farm in a family f 10 children. Her dad wrked at a jb away frm the farm, and her mther ran the farm with the kids. After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin(学费), because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin. After graduatin, she wrked t help her sisters and brthers pay fr their schling.
Jennifer nw is married and has three children f her wn. She decided t g back t cllege t advance her career and t be able t better supprt her family while ding smething she lves: nursing. She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids. Jenifer received great supprt frm her family as she wrked t earn her degree: Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills, and her 68-year-ld mther helped take care f the children at times.
Thrugh it all, she remained in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study. ''Sme nights my heart was breaking t have t pick between my kids and studying fr exams r papers,'' she says. Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that's pretty pwerful.
24. What did Jennifer d after high schl?
A. She helped her dad with his wrk.
B. She ran the family farm n her wn.
C. She supprted herself thrugh cllege.
D. She taught her sisters and brthers at hme.
25. Why did Jennifer chse the prgram at Ministry Saint Jseph's Hspital in Marshfield?
A T take care f her kids easily.B. T learn frm the best nurses.
C. T save mney fr her parents.D. T find a well-paid jb there.
26. What did Jennifer sacrifice t achieve her gal?
A. Her health.B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputatin.D. Her chance f prmtin.
27. What can we learn frm Jenifer's stry?
A. Time is mney.B. Lve breaks dwn barriers.
C. Hard wrk pays ff.D. Educatin is the key t success.
C
Recrd fires sweeping acrss the Amazn this mnth have been grabbing glbal headlines as scientists and envirnmental grups are wrried that they will make climate change crisis wrse and threaten bidiversity (生物多样性).
As the largest rainfrest in the wrld, the Amazn is ften called “the lungs f the wrld.” It is als hme t abut 3 millin species f plants and animals and 1 millin lcal peple. The vast swaths (大片土地) f rainfrest play an imprtant rle in the wrld’s ecsystem because they absrb heat instead f it being reflected back int the atmsphere. They als stre carbn dixide and prduce xygen, ensuring that less carbn is released, easing the effects f climate change.
“Any rainfrest destryed by fire is a threat t bidiversity and the peple wh use that bidiversity,” Thmas Lvejy, an eclgist at Gerge Masn University tld Natinal Gegraphic. “The mst serius threat is that a lt f carbn ges int the atmsphere.” he stressed. “In the midst f the glbal climate crisis, we cannt affrd mre damage t a majr surce f xygen and bidiversity. The Amazn must be prtected.” UN Secretary General Antni Guterres said.
Data frm the Natinal Institute fr Space Research (INPE) shw that the number f frest fires in Brazil increased by 82 percent frm January t August this year cmpared t the same perid the year befre. “A ttal f 71,497 frest fires were registered in the cuntry in the first eight mnths f 2019, up frm 39,194 in the same perid in 2018,” INPE said. “We estimate that the frest areas in the Brazilian Amazn have decreased between 20 and 30 percent cmpared t the last 12 mnths.” Carls Nbre, a researcher at the University f Sa Paul, tld German bradcaster Deutsche Welle.
Brazil wns abut 60 percent f the Amazn rainfrest, whse degradatin culd have severe cnsequences fr glbal climate and rainfall The extent f the area ruined by fires has yet t be determined, but the emergency has transcended (超出) Brazil’s brders, reaching Peruvian, Paraguayan and Blivian regins.
28. What is the secnd paragraph mainly talking abut?
A. The effects f climate change.B. The rle f the Amazn rainfrest.
C. The results f the Amazn rainfrest fires.D. The causes f the decreasing bidiversity.
29. What can we infer frm Lvejy’s and Guterres’s wrds?
A. The dry weather leads t the rainfrest fires.
B. The bidiversity makes the rainfrests unique.
C. The rainfrest fires result in serius cnsequences.
D. The glbal climate crisis brings mre rainfrest fires.
30. Why des the authr list the numbers in paragraph 4?
A. T prve the imprtance f rainfrest.B. T shw the influence f climate change.
C. T explain the prcess f the research.D. T stress the reductin f rainfrest areas.
31. Which sectin f a magazine is this text prbably taken frm?
A. Sprts and music.B. Science and technlgy.
C. Nature and gegraphy.D. Business and culture.
D
Tday, many peple spend a lt f time reading nline. Whether reading news r e-bks, peple are spending mre time eyeballing (盯住) screens. While nline reading pens up a great deal f knwledge t peple, there are sme disadvantages t, such as eyestrain, headaches, as well as difficulty in fcusing n the text. Nw a new reading system, Binic Reading, develped by Swiss typgraphic designer Renat Casutt, can help peple vercme these issues, and mst imprtantly, it aims t help peple read faster nline and develp a mre in-depth understanding f written cntent.
The reading system imprve the reading prcess by guiding the eyes thrugh text with artificial fixatin pints. T make it shrt: sme parts f the wrds are displayed in bld (粗体). As a result, the reader nly fcuses n the highlighted letters and lets the brain center cmplete the rest. Yur brain can “read” faster than yur eyes, s by essentially reducing the number f letters yur eye needs t lk at, yu can read faster while still preserving the full cntext.
Cassult discvered the system by accident. He was wrking n designing a bk in a freign language and realized he culd read it if he sectined it ff. He wrked fr six years t develp Binic Reading and is still wrking t adjust it.
A preliminary (初步的) study was cnducted by the Swiss Institute InnSuisee, but mre research is needed befre it can be definitively shwn that the system imprves reading. Sme peple with ADHD (多动症) prve that Binic Reading helped them fcus and cmprehend what they are reading. Other peple dn’t seem t ntice a big difference cmpared t regular text. There’s als n evidence t suggest Binic Reading is any better than regular text. The best way t knw if the Binic Reader helps yu read better nline is t try it yurself.
32. What is the main purpse f Binic Reading?
A. T pint ut peple’s reading prblems.
B. T teach peple necessary reading skills.
C. T reduce readers’ screen time and eye stress.
D. T imprve peple’s reading speed and cmprehensin.
33. What des the underlined phrase “artificial fixatin pints” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A. Wrds displayed in capital letters.B. Useful expressins.
C. Difficult sentences in the text.D. Bld letters.
34. What d sme peple with ADHD think f the system accrding t the text?
A. It is cmplex.B. It can be beneficial.
C. It needs t be imprved.D. It has little effect n them.
35. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A reading prject fr ADHD.B. A research n language learning.
C. A system t help with nline reading.D. A tl fr treating reading disability
湖北省黄冈市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末调考英语试题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ah, Paris the incmparable ! Whether yu've suddenly fund yurself with travel brchures in yur hand r yu prefer t travel frm yur armchair, Paris is ne f thse cities with wide pen arms. Where t begin? Well, fllw me!
Luvre
Many peple lse interest when yu talk abut museums, but yu knw where we are heading, dn't yu? This is ne f the tp 10. Wear cmfrtable shes, prepare enugh water, and knw what yu want t see. The Mna Lisa may nt be yur cup f tea, but we recmmend at least Liberty Leading the Peple, The Raft f the Medusa, and s n.
Musée d’Orsaya
If yu can d withut art-althugh we dubt anyne can—we'd recmmend that yu walk inside this museum. The light inside is wrth yur attentin. Once a train statin, the Musée d’Orsay has been repurpsed and is nw a pleasing wnder with Pstimpressinist paintings and mre t suit mst tastes.
The Seine River
All yu have t d is decide which bank yu prefer, left r right. Each has its unique pleasures. Hme t cultural, fashin and artistic riches, the left bank is lined with cafés, which are a gd place t meet yur her r herine. But als cnsider the right bank, especially the Picass Museum, an excellent place t hang arund.
Giverny
Lying abut 45 miles frm Paris, this village is the hmetwn f the late artist Claude Mnet. It is as if yu've stepped int ne f his paintings—a perfect blue-green bridge with water lilies (睡莲) fully pen belw and a warm peach-pink brick huse. The whle scene is designed t please the eye.
1. What can visitrs d in the Luvre?
A. Ride n a train.B. Drink a cup f tea.
C. Appreciate Mna Lisa.D. See Picass paintings.
2. If yu are a fan f Mnet, which place prbably attracts yu mst?
A. Luvre.B. Musée d'Orsaya.C. The Seine River.D. Giverny.
3. What d the fur attractins have in cmmn?
A. They are suitable fr art lvers.
B. They are all famus museums.
C. They are in the center f Paris.
D. They are the mst ppular places.
B
“All right, class, settle dwn!” My Spanish teacher, Mrales, shuted at the class, “Yu must write abut yur best friend. Begin, n talking!”
I slwly began t write in Spanish: My best friend is Hayley. She’s a sccer player. She plays the vilin, like I d. We’ve been best friends since the furth grade.
This is my usual reply t the “best friend” questin. The prblem is, Hayley isn’t real. I have t imagine a best friend because there have been t many times I’ve been asked t describe this persn, t many times I’ve replied, “I dn’t have ne,” and t many times I’ve heard, “Why nt? Dn’t yu want a best friend?” It’s as if peple think I’m t shy t find ne. The truth is, during schl, I’ve watched with envy (羡慕) the best friends wh skate tgether and wh call each ther nicknames.
I’ve ften wndered: Des nt having a best friend mean I am defective (有缺陷的)? Shuld I be awkward that the nly peple I hang ut with are my parents? Will I have t face heartbreak and failure alne? Smetimes I tell myself, “Just be strng. There’s n way yu’ll ever succeed because yu can’t deal with the smallest prblems in life.” Cnsidering these thughts makes me lck myself in my rm and take psychlgy (心理) tests n my phne t find ut why I am defective.
But as I lk thrugh my phne, I ask myself, what wuld Hayley say t me right nw? As an imagined character, Hayley can say what my mind tells her, “Yu can nly d s much, and self-dubt uses mst f the ‘s much’ yu can really d.”
When Mrales hands back my paper describing Hayley, she tells me, “She seems like a great friend!”
“Yeah,” I smile. “She’s the best friend I’ve ever had.”
4. Why des the authr make up Hayley?
A. She is t shy and lnely.B. She is in need f a best friend.
C. She admires thers’ friends.D. She was tired f being questined.
5. What can we learn abut the authr frm Paragraph 4?
A. She has a bad persnality.B. She ften dubts herself.
C. She never plays utside.D. She seldm feels heartbrken.
6. What wuld Hayley tell the authr t d?
A. Build up her strength.B. Hand in the paper.
C. Relax herself frm wrries.D. Have hpe in life.
7. What may be the best title fr the passage?
A. I Am “Nbdy”B. A Valuable Friendship
C. Just Be CnfidentD. The “Best Friend” Questin
C
“Dn’t get dirty!” was nce ften shuted by parents angrily watching their children ruin their best clthes. It was unavidable that children’s whites wuld turn brwn befre the day was ver.
Tday, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance t pick up a bit f dirt. With the rise f city life, and the attractin f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much less than in the past. Fr many, there is simply n pprtunity t get muddy. Accrding t recent research, the dirt utside is teaming with friendly micrrganisms (微生物) that can train the immune (免疫的) system and build the bdy against illnesses, such as anxiety.
These findings shw that utdr exercise is nt nly beneficial because f the chance t run arund free—but that certain natural materials, such as sil and mud, als have pwerful micrrganisms which have psitive effect n children’s health. Outdr play can als ffer valuable learning experiences. Fr example, the act f rubbing and shaping materials like mud r sand can help children develp their senses and mvement.
Such activities—away frm the huse r classrm—may als help children t find ways t deal with emtins that may be hard t explre in ther envirnments. S-called “Sandtray Therapy (沙盘疗法)”, which includes using sand t express ne’s thughts and feelings, is an accepted frm f guidance fr children wh are struggling t speak ut their inner emtins.
Surprisingly, peple wh spent mst f their childhd in the cuntryside shw a better reply t stressful events like public speaking cmpared with thse wh grew up in cities. “The peple wh grew up in cities are kind f ‘walking time bmbs’ when facing the stress we meet tday. Hwever, peple wh have spent lts f time in nature since childhd are generally strnger in recvery and mre psitive.” says Christpher Lwry, a prfessr f University f Clrad Bulder.
8. What’s the authr’s purpse f writing paragraph 1?
A. T intrduce the tpic.B. T share an pinin.
C. T tell a funny stry.D. T describe characters.
9. What is a benefit f utdr exercise?
A. Gaining learning experiences.B. Experiencing the inner emtins.
C. Changing the immune system.D. Discvering mre micrrganisms.
10. What d the underlined wrds “walking time bmbs” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Peple wh ften arrive late.B. Peple ding harm t the public.
C. Peple wh are weak under stress.D. Peple staying psitive and pwerful.
11. In which part f a website can yu find the text?
A. Culture.B. Health.C. Ecnmy.D. Technlgy.
D
As AI becmes ppular researchers have nticed its influence n the envirnment. Training an AI system requires huge cmputing pwer and electricity, and the resulting CO2 emissins (排放) are ne way AI affects the envirnment. But its envirnmental effect is mre than its carbn (碳)ftprint.
Jesse Ddge, a scientist at the Allen Institute, says, "The influence f Al systems is ging t be frm their applicatins, nt the cst f training them." David Rlnick, a cmputer scientist at McGill University, cmpares AI t a hammer (锤子) “The main effect f a hammer is what is being hammered,” he says, "nt what is in the hammer." Just like a hammer which can either destry things r build a huse, Al can hurt r help the envirnment.
In 2019, ExxnMbil, an il cmpany, said it wuld use Micrsft’s app Azure. With the Al technlgy, it wuld increase its prductin and create billins f dllars. This means Micrsft's AI is directly cntributing t greenhuse gas emissins. This is nt the nly AI applicatin that culd be envirnmentally harmful. AI behind the ads that jump ut n Instagram r Facebk pages pushes custmers t spend mre n prducts like clthes. This in turn causes mre emissins thrugh mre prductin and delivery.
But n the ther side f the cin, there are AI applicatins that can help deal with envirnmental prblems, such as the destructin caused by hurricanes. One such applicatin is xView2, a prgram started by a U. S. rganizatin. It can recgnize buildings damaged and peple trapped in natural disasters, reducing danger and saving time fr rescuers.
AI culd be a valuable tl in the fight against climate change—if the Al industry can reduce its harmful climate effects. "Bth AI and climate rules have rles t play." Rlnick says. When creating Al rules, he suggests cnsidering its applicatins, emissins, and ther prductin csts. Further, Ddge adds that thse AI prfessinals shuld help set up sme value systems t limit the technlgy's use.
12. Where des the effect f AI systems n the envirnment cme frm accrding t Ddge?
A. The ppularity f AI.B. The emissins f CO2.
C. The way f applying AI.D. The cst f AI training.
13. Hw des the writer develp Paragraph 4?
A. By listing numbers.B. By giving examples.
C. By cmparing facts.D. By explaining details.
14. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Rules fr AI can be helpful.B. Al's advance shuld be limited.
C. Prductin csts will be lwer.D. AI plays a rle in making rules.
15. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. AI applicatins are envirnmentally harmful.
B. AI affects the envirnment by CO2 emissins.
C. AI is effective in slving envirnmental prblems.
D AI's envirnmental effect ges beynd its emissins.
湖北省孝感市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Ah, Paris the incmparable ! Whether yu've suddenly fund yurself with travel brchures in yur hand r yu prefer t travel frm yur armchair, Paris is ne f thse cities with wide pen arms. Where t begin? Well, fllw me!
Luvre
Many peple lse interest when yu talk abut museums, but yu knw where we are heading, dn't yu? This is ne f the tp 10. Wear cmfrtable shes, prepare enugh water, and knw what yu want t see. The Mna Lisa may nt be yur cup f tea, but we recmmend at least Liberty Leading the Peple, The Raft f the Medusa, and s n.
Musée d’Orsaya
If yu can d withut art-althugh we dubt anyne can—we'd recmmend that yu walk inside this museum. The light inside is wrth yur attentin. Once a train statin, the Musée d’Orsay has been repurpsed and is nw a pleasing wnder with Pstimpressinist paintings and mre t suit mst tastes.
The Seine River
All yu have t d is decide which bank yu prefer, left r right. Each has its unique pleasures. Hme t cultural, fashin and artistic riches, the left bank is lined with cafés, which are a gd place t meet yur her r herine. But als cnsider the right bank, especially the Picass Museum, an excellent place t hang arund.
Giverny
Lying abut 45 miles frm Paris, this village is the hmetwn f the late artist Claude Mnet. It is as if yu've stepped int ne f his paintings—a perfect blue-green bridge with water lilies (睡莲) fully pen belw and a warm peach-pink brick huse. The whle scene is designed t please the eye.
1. What can visitrs d in the Luvre?
A. Ride n a train.B. Drink a cup f tea.
C. Appreciate Mna Lisa.D. See Picass paintings.
2. If yu are a fan f Mnet, which place prbably attracts yu mst?
A. Luvre.B. Musée d'Orsaya.C. The Seine River.D. Giverny.
3. What d the fur attractins have in cmmn?
A. They are suitable fr art lvers.
B. They are all famus museums.
C. They are in the center f Paris.
D. They are the mst ppular places.
B
“All right, class, settle dwn!” My Spanish teacher, Mrales, shuted at the class, “Yu must write abut yur best friend. Begin, n talking!”
I slwly began t write in Spanish: My best friend is Hayley. She’s a sccer player. She plays the vilin, like I d. We’ve been best friends since the furth grade.
This is my usual reply t the “best friend” questin. The prblem is, Hayley isn’t real. I have t imagine a best friend because there have been t many times I’ve been asked t describe this persn, t many times I’ve replied, “I dn’t have ne,” and t many times I’ve heard, “Why nt? Dn’t yu want a best friend?” It’s as if peple think I’m t shy t find ne. The truth is, during schl, I’ve watched with envy (羡慕) the best friends wh skate tgether and wh call each ther nicknames.
I’ve ften wndered: Des nt having a best friend mean I am defective (有缺陷的)? Shuld I be awkward that the nly peple I hang ut with are my parents? Will I have t face heartbreak and failure alne? Smetimes I tell myself, “Just be strng. There’s n way yu’ll ever succeed because yu can’t deal with the smallest prblems in life.” Cnsidering these thughts makes me lck myself in my rm and take psychlgy (心理) tests n my phne t find ut why I am defective.
But as I lk thrugh my phne I ask myself, what wuld Hayley say t me right nw? As an imagined character, Hayley can say what my mind tells her, “Yu can nly d s much, and self-dubt uses mst f the ‘s much’ yu can really d.”
When Mrales hands back my paper describing Hayley, she tells me, “She seems like a great friend!”
“Yeah,” I smile. “She’s the best friend I’ve ever had.”
4. Why des the authr make up Hayley?
A. She is t shy and lnely.B. She is in need f a best friend.
C. She admires thers’ friends.D. She was tired f being questined.
5. What can we learn abut the authr frm Paragraph 4?
A. She has a bad persnality.B. She ften dubts herself.
C. She never plays utside.D. She seldm feels heartbrken.
6. What wuld Hayley tell the authr t d?
A. Build up her strength.B. Hand in the paper.
C. Relax herself frm wrries.D. Have hpe in life.
7. What may be the best title fr the passage?
A. I Am “Nbdy”B. A Valuable Friendship
C. Just Be CnfidentD. The “Best Friend” Questin
C
“Dn’t get dirty!” was nce ften shuted by parents angrily watching their children ruin their best clthes. It was unavidable that children’s whites wuld turn brwn befre the day was ver.
Tday, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance t pick up a bit f dirt. With the rise f city life, and the attractin f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much less than in the past. Fr many, there is simply n pprtunity t get muddy. Accrding t recent research, the dirt utside is teaming with friendly micrrganisms (微生物) that can train the immune (免疫的) system and build the bdy against illnesses, such as anxiety.
These findings shw that utdr exercise is nt nly beneficial because f the chance t run arund free—but that certain natural materials, such as sil and mud, als have pwerful micrrganisms which have psitive effect n children’s health. Outdr play can als ffer valuable learning experiences. Fr example, the act f rubbing and shaping materials like mud r sand can help children develp their senses and mvement.
Such activities—away frm the huse r classrm—may als help children t find ways t deal with emtins that may be hard t explre in ther envirnments. S-called “Sandtray Therapy (沙盘疗法)”, which includes using sand t express ne’s thughts and feelings, is an accepted frm f guidance fr children wh are struggling t speak ut their inner emtins.
Surprisingly, peple wh spent mst f their childhd in the cuntryside shw a better reply t stressful events like public speaking cmpared with thse wh grew up in cities. “The peple wh grew up in cities are kind f ‘walking time bmbs’ when facing the stress we meet tday. Hwever, peple wh have spent lts f time in nature since childhd are generally strnger in recvery and mre psitive.” says Christpher Lwry, a prfessr f University f Clrad Bulder.
8. What’s the authr’s purpse f writing paragraph 1?
A. T intrduce the tpic.B. T share an pinin.
C. T tell a funny stry.D. T describe characters.
9. What is a benefit f utdr exercise?
A. Gaining learning experiences.B. Experiencing the inner emtins.
C. Changing the immune system.D. Discvering mre micrrganisms.
10. What d the underlined wrds “walking time bmbs” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Peple wh ften arrive late.B. Peple ding harm t the public.
C. Peple wh are weak under stress.D. Peple staying psitive and pwerful.
11. In which part f a website can yu find the text?
A. Culture.B. Health.C. Ecnmy.D. Technlgy.
D
As AI becmes ppular, researchers have nticed its influence n the envirnment. Training an AI system requires huge cmputing pwer and electricity, and the resulting CO2 emissins (排放) are ne way AI affects the envirnment. But its envirnmental effect is mre than its carbn (碳)ftprint.
Jesse Ddge, a scientist at the Allen Institute, says, "The influence f Al systems is ging t be frm their applicatins, nt the cst f training them." David Rlnick, a cmputer scientist at McGill University, cmpares AI t a hammer (锤子) “The main effect f a hammer is what is being hammered,” he says, "nt what is in the hammer." Just like a hammer which can either destry things r build a huse, Al can hurt r help the envirnment.
In 2019, ExxnMbil, an il cmpany, said it wuld use Micrsft’s app Azure. With the Al technlgy, it wuld increase its prductin and create billins f dllars. This means Micrsft's AI is directly cntributing t greenhuse gas emissins. This is nt the nly AI applicatin that culd be envirnmentally harmful. AI behind the ads that jump ut n Instagram r Facebk pages pushes custmers t spend mre n prducts like clthes. This in turn causes mre emissins thrugh mre prductin and delivery.
But n the ther side f the cin, there are AI applicatins that can help deal with envirnmental prblems, such as the destructin caused by hurricanes. One such applicatin is xView2, a prgram started by a U. S. rganizatin. It can recgnize buildings damaged and peple trapped in natural disasters, reducing danger and saving time fr rescuers.
AI culd be a valuable tl in the fight against climate change—if the Al industry can reduce its harmful climate effects. "Bth AI and climate rules have rles t play." Rlnick says. When creating Al rules, he suggests cnsidering its applicatins, emissins, and ther prductin csts. Further, Ddge adds that thse AI prfessinals shuld help set up sme value systems t limit the technlgy's use.
12. Where des the effect f AI systems n the envirnment cme frm accrding t Ddge?
A. The ppularity f AI.B. The emissins f CO2.
C. The way f applying AI.D. The cst f AI training.
13. Hw des the writer develp Paragraph 4?
A. By listing numbers.B. By giving examples.
C. By cmparing facts.D. By explaining details.
14. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Rules fr AI can be helpful.B. Al's advance shuld be limited.
C. Prductin csts will be lwer.D. AI plays a rle in making rules.
15. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. AI applicatins are envirnmentally harmful.
B. AI affects the envirnment by CO2 emissins.
C. AI is effective in slving envirnmental prblems.
D. AI's envirnmental effect ges beynd its emissins.
答案
湖北省荆门市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2024年“汉语桥”全球外国人汉语大会书画挑战赛的主题征集有关事宜。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“If yu’re interested, feel free t turn in the tpic that yu believe fits the requirements f the cmpetitin. (如果您感兴趣，请任意提交您认为符合竞赛要求的主题)”可知，参与者可以提交任何他们觉得合适的主题。故选D项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据If yu’d like t take part, yu’d better hand in between Jan. 15, 2024 and Mar. 30, 2024 (Beijing Time). (如果你想参加，你最好在2024年1月15日至2024年3月30日(北京时间)之间提交)”可知，A项2024年6月 20日不在时间范围内。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，根据第三段中“Here we are calling n thse wh have interest t turn in their creative tpics fr the cmpetitin, with the tpic selectin prcess being decided by the public.(在这里，我们呼吁那些有兴趣的人提交他们的创意主题参加比赛，主题选择过程由公众决定)”可知，本文目的是为“汉语桥”书画挑战赛收集有创意的题目。故选C项。
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文。本文介绍了两个普通人对举重项目的尝试，以及举重给他们带来的影响和改变。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文“I think it’s partly because the effrt is s bvius—yu can see every flash f dubt, pain and happiness f success n the athletes’ faces.”（我认为这在一定程度上是因为努力是显而易见的——你可以从运动员脸上看到怀疑、痛苦和幸福在运动员脸上的显现）可知，作者被举重吸引了。故划线词的意思是“吸引”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Clements was 48 at the time. She thught she’d left it far t late t even cnsider trying it, but then she kept thinking abut it. “It tk until September 2022, but I finally went fr it.”…”（Clements当时48岁。她认为自己已经太迟了，甚至没有考虑尝试，但后来她一直在想。她说，“直到2022年9月，但我最终还是选择它”。）可知，Clements在2012年没有尝试举重是因为她认为她年纪太大了，不能尝试。故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段““I just thught that it wuld be impssible t make a difference t my bdy as an lder wman,” says Jann a Blacker, a small business wner, wh tk up strength training at 53. “I’d gained weight and felt awful. I certainly didn’t think that weightlifting wuld be the way I wuld change my bdy.””（“我只是觉得，作为一名年长的女性，想要去改变身材是不可能的。”小企业主Blacker在53岁时开始了力量训练。“我曾经很胖，感觉很糟糕。我没想过举重会是改变我身材的方式”）可知，布莱克通过举重运动改善了自己的体型。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“But the best part is that I’m actually able t understand the sprt I lve. It still feels like magic when that bar ges verhead.”（但最棒的是，我实际上能够理解我热爱的运动。当杠铃举过头顶时，这感觉仍然像魔术一样）可知，Clements对举重有更深的理解。故选A。
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家研究厄瓜多尔森林的声音以了解人工智能AI如何能够跟踪环境恢复中的动物生活。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“A team f scientists is studying the sund f the frest in Ecuadr t learn hw artificial intelligence (AI) culd fllw animal life in recvering envirnments. (一组科学家正在研究厄瓜多尔森林的声音，以了解人工智能(AI)如何在恢复环境中跟踪动物生活)”可知，这项研究的重点是衡量野生动物的恢复情况。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“S, he turned t biacustics(生物声学), which uses sund t learn mre abut animal life and their living envirnments. (因此，他转向了生物声学，利用声音来了解更多关于动物生活和它们生活环境的知识)”可知，这个团队用生物声学来了解厄瓜多尔野生动物的声音。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“But it was still able t crrectly measure bidiversity levels in each envirnment, the study said. (但该研究称，它仍然能够正确地测量每种环境中的生物多样性水平)”可知，人工智能程序被证明是用来测量生物多样性水平的。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There are still areas fr imprvement, including the lack f animal sunds n which t train AI mdels. And the methd can nly catch animals that use sund t cmmunicate.(仍有需要改进的地方，包括缺乏用于训练人工智能模型的动物声音。并且这种方法只能捕捉到使用声音进行交流的动物)”可知，该研究建议训练这种程序学习更多种类的声音。故选C项。
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了患有失音症的人的症状，病因及其应对方式。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Dn’t be s hard n them—they may have amusia—the inability t tell the difference in tunes. (不要对他们太苛刻——他们可能有失音症——无法分辨不同的曲调。)”及第二段中“Apart frm singing ut f tune, peple with amusia may als find it hard t recgnize music they’ve heard befre withut the help f sng lyrics.( 除了唱歌走调之外，失音症患者可能还会发现，如果没有歌词的帮助，他们很难识别以前听过的音乐。)”等内容可知，失音症患者面临的主要困难是识别曲调。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In many cases, peple wh have amusia are brn with it, as 46 percent f these individuals’ family members were fund t have similar cnditins, accrding t a 2017 study. (根据2017年的一项研究，在许多情况下，患有失音症的人天生就患有这种疾病，因为这些人的家庭成员中有46%被发现患有类似的疾病。)”可知，2017年的研究告诉了我们许多患有失音症的人是天生的。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Scientists at the University f Otag in New Zealand als think that amusia is related t peple’s special prcessing skills. (新西兰奥塔哥大学的科学家们也认为，失音症与人们的特殊处理能力有关。)”和第五段“Amusia might be related t the way brain stres infrmatin abut the high and lw sunds in sngs, accrding t the study. (根据这项研究，失音症可能与大脑储存歌曲中高低音信息的方式有关。)”可知，奥塔哥大学的科学家们的研究表明失音症可能与大脑储存声音信息的方式有关。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Isabelle Peretz所说“Like dyslexics(诵读困难者) can learn hw t read, thse with amusia shuld be able t better their ability t recgnizes tunes if they start early enugh. (就像诵读困难症患者可以学习如何阅读一样，失音症患者如果开始得足够早，应该能够提高他们识别曲调的能力。)”可知，Peretz认为，失音症患者应该尽早开始探索和学习音乐以提高他们的音乐能力。故选D项。
湖北省十堰市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末调研考试英语试卷
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了FRR景点正在招聘的三种岗位：停车辅助员、儿童照看员和滑雪指导员。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The respnsibility f a parking hst is t help guests prperly park their vehicles (交通工具), infrming guests f parking steps and answering questins. (停车辅助员的责任是帮助客人停车，告知停车步骤以及回答相关问题)”可知，停车辅助员的工作是帮客人停车，B选项（帮客人停车）符合题意，故选B项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“In particular, unlike the tw psitins abve, yu must wrk during the Christmas week. (另外，和上面两个岗位不同的是，你需要在圣诞周工作)”可知，滑雪指导员这个岗位需要在圣诞节期间工作，C选项（在圣诞周工作）符合题意，故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“D yu want t jin the prud traditin f service at FRR? Welcme t jin us! (你想成为FRR自豪的一员吗？快来加入我们吧)”可知，这篇文章是一篇招聘启事。由此推知，这篇文章是写给求职者的。A. 求职者；B. 项目经理；C. 当地游客；D. 大学生。故选A项。
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A
【解析】
【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文。文章讲述了张泽宁作为一名汉服爱好者，把复原汉服从爱好做成了事业的故事，期间她走访了全国各地，为她的汉服复原事业寻找灵感。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Zhang Zening, a hanfu supprter and lver in Nanjing, East China’s Jiangsu Prvince, started a surprising jurney eight years ag t restre (使复原) this traditinal Chinese clthing.(来自中国东部江苏省南京市的汉服支持者和爱好者张泽宁，八年前开始了一段令人惊讶的旅程，以修复这种中国传统服装)”可知，张泽宁喜欢中国传统艺术。故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Nw as the wner f a hanfu studi, Zhang has wrked with wmen’s re-emplyment rganizatins, lking fr full-time stay-at-hme wmen with sewing (缝纫) skills. This matched with her need fr the prductin f hanfu.(现在，作为一家汉服工作室的老板，张与女性再就业组织合作，寻找会缝纫的全职在家妇女。这符合她对汉服生产的需求)”可知，因为她需要大量人手来复原汉服，所以才会和这些组织合作寻找人手。由此可知，张泽宁与一些组织合作的目的是恢复中国传统服装。故选A项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Arund 2015, Zhang began t fcus independently n the prcess f hanfu restratin. In that year, she visited Dunhuang, Nrthwest China’s Gansu Prvince where she was attracted by the beautiful murals there, wndering hw she culd pssibly change them int beautiful cstumes.(2015年前后，张开始独立关注汉服修复的过程。那一年，她去了中国西北部甘肃省的敦煌，那里美丽的壁画吸引了她，她想知道如何才能把它们变成美丽的服装)”可知，她是在2015年到访了敦煌，并从中受到启发，从而开始了她的汉服复原事业。由此推知，作者提到敦煌是为了说明她的独立汉服复原事业的开端。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Thanks t her wrk, many yung peple wear restred hanfu when they visit museums, and Zhang is excited t see mre f them ding s. (多亏了她的努力，越来越多的年轻人开始穿着复原过的汉服参观博物馆，而她也很开心能看到越来越多的人这么做)”可知，很多人都能穿上她复原过的汉服，说明她的效率很高，不然不会这么普及。故选A项。
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了海平面的急剧上升导致一些低洼地区被淹没，虽然采取了一些措施，但也收效甚微。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When 62-year-ld fisherman Kpana Charlie finished the day’s catch, he liked t settle int a wden chair, thinking abut his childhd. Back then, his life n Sierra Lene’s Nyangai Island seemed excellent. He spent endless hurs playing with his friends n the island’s white beaches. Whenever he wanted t avid having t d. his husewrk, he culd simply disappear int the frest that cvered much f the island. He remembers as recently as ten years ag, it still measured sme 2, 300 feet frm end t end. (当62岁的渔夫Kpana Charlie钓完了一天的鱼，他喜欢坐在木椅上，回忆他的童年。当时，他在塞拉利昂尼扬盖岛的生活似乎很美好。他和朋友们在岛上白色的沙滩上玩了无数个小时。每当他想要避免的时候。他的家务，他可以简单地消失在覆盖了大部分岛屿的森林里。他记得，就在十年前，它的首尾距离还在2300英尺左右。)”可推知，作者在第一段讲述查理的故事是为读者提供背景信息。故选B。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“In fact, the lcal gvernment has respnded t the sharp increase f sea level by building a cncrete (混凝土制的) seawall alng the length f the twn. But in the many smaller castal twns and villages in the area, there simply aren’t the resurces. Then, the gvernment made a prject t prtect sme f the settlements by planting trees, but this has had limited success. With the ppulatin relying n wds fr building and smking-fish, few trees lived lnger than the prject, which ended in 2021. (事实上，为了应对海平面的急剧上升，当地政府沿着整个城镇修建了一座混凝土海堤。但在该地区的许多较小的沿海城镇和村庄，根本没有资源。然后，政府制定了一个项目，通过植树来保护一些定居点，但收效甚微。由于人们依赖木材建筑和熏鱼，很少有树木的寿命比该项目更长，该项目于2021年结束。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是应对海平面上升所采取的措施。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Weak cuntries shuld be getting sme supprt frm wealthy natins t strengthen their climate defenses (防御),” says Gabriel Kpaka, the head f the cuntry’s Meterlgical Agency. (“弱国应该从富裕国家那里得到一些支持，以加强他们的气候防御，”该国气象局局长加布里埃尔·卡帕卡说。)”可知，Kpaka认为富裕国家应该提供气候防御方面的支持来帮助Nyangai岛。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“With glbal sea level expected t rise by anywhere between 1 and 3 feet by the end f the century, alng with an increase in extreme weather events, the experience f this West African island ffers an understanding f the pssible future f cuntless ther lw-lying areas arund the wrld. (到本世纪末，全球海平面预计将上升1到3英尺，同时极端天气事件也会增加，这个西非岛屿的经历让我们了解了世界上无数其他低洼地区可能的未来。)”可推知，作者对其他低洼地区的未来持担忧态度。故选A。
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神经学家艾瑞斯·亚当对于为什么鸟唱得这么多歌的研究。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““As sn as yu sing, yu shw yurself, fr example, where yu are and that yu even exist—all f that immediately is ut in the pen fr predatrs (捕食性动物) , fr everybdy,” she says. (她说：“只要你一唱歌，你就展示了你自己，例如，你在哪里，你甚至存在——所有这些都立即暴露在捕食者面前，暴露在所有人面前。”)”可知，歌唱对鸟类来说是危险的因为它们的歌声可以吸引捕食者。故选C。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“the cnnectin between their brains and-their singing muscles, which prevented them frm singing”可知，实验把雄鸟关在黑暗中，结束它们大脑和唱歌肌肉之间的联系，这阻止了它们唱歌。故划线词意思是“结束”。故选B。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Adam’s cnclusin (结论) is that sngbirds need t exercise their singing muscles t prduce tp-perfrmance sng. (亚当的结论是，鸣禽需要锻炼它们的歌唱肌肉，才能唱出最好的歌曲。”可知，亚当的实验证明锻炼歌唱肌肉对鸟类很重要。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Adam’s cnclusin (结论) is that sngbirds need t exercise their singing muscles t prduce tp-perfrmance sng. If they dn’t sing, they lse perfrmance, and their sngs get less attractive t females, which is bad. (亚当的结论是，鸣禽需要锻炼它们的歌唱肌肉，才能唱出最好的歌曲。如果他们不唱歌，他们就会失去表演能力，他们的歌曲对女性的吸引力就会下降，这很糟糕。)”结合文章主要介绍了神经学家艾瑞斯·亚当对于为什么鸟唱得这么多歌的研究。可知，C选项“鸟唱歌是为了保持肌肉的形状”最符合文章标题。故选C。
武汉市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试卷
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍俄亥俄州梦想冒险营为露营者提供各种各样的活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“Adventure Camp at Ohi Dreams is the perfect way t enjy traditinal summer camp. Campers will be able t learn abut multiple sprts and utdr adventures. We prvide the equipment (设备) and the schedule s yu can start frm scratch and learn frm the best, and even the new cmer wh may lack experience can make up fr it with the spirit fr adventure.。(俄亥俄州梦想冒险营是享受传统夏令营的完美方式。露营者将能够了解多种运动和户外冒险活动。我们提供设备和时间表，让您可以从头开始，向最好的人学习，即使是缺乏经验的新人也可以用冒险的精神来弥补)”可知，探险营适合没有经验的人。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Swimming Lessns中“If yu aren’t the best at swimming, this week-lng prgram will help yu t find yur sea legs (and arms) s yu will have mre cnfidence when swimming.(如果你不是最擅长游泳的，这个为期一周的项目将帮助你习惯船上生活，这样你在游泳时会更有信心。)”可知，探险营可以帮助克服对游泳的恐惧。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Click here fr deals, news and early registratin discunts.(点击此处获取优惠、新闻和提前注册折扣。)”可知，这篇文章应来自于网络。故选D项。
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了耶鲁大学音乐学院院长Rbert Blcker，在他作为院长的无数贡献中，布洛克与中国的音乐家们建立了长期的关系。他曾到深圳、上海和杭州等城市给年轻人讲课。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“And that excitement never changed because every day was different.(这种兴奋从未改变，因为每天都是不同的)”可知，罗伯特·布洛克被任命为该校院长后感觉兴奋不已。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Als an expert pianist, he remains a prfessr f pian at the music schl, as well as prfessr f leadership strategies at Yale Schl f Management.(他还是一位钢琴专家，目前仍是音乐学院的钢琴教授，以及耶鲁大学管理学院的领导策略教授)”可知，罗伯特·布洛克在耶鲁大学的研究内容是教授领导技巧。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Yang Suxian, directr f the Shenzhen Pian Music Festival, says, “He has been very supprtive and has participated in the Shenzhen Pian Music Festival fr years, even during the pandemic.”(深圳钢琴音乐节总监杨素贤表示：“他一直非常支持，多年来一直参加深圳钢琴音乐节，即使在疫情期间也是如此。”)”可推知，作者提到杨素贤这句话的目的是表示罗伯特对中国音乐家的关心。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““Music brings hpe. Peple may speak different languages and have different ideas but music speaks t each ther’s heart, and that’s why we keep this wrk ging n and why the wrk never ends,” he says, “Our jb is t let music heal the wrld by allwing us t understand and find a cmmn place in ur hearts.”(“音乐带来希望。人们可能说不同的语言，有不同的想法，但音乐能说出彼此的心，这就是为什么我们要继续这项工作，为什么这项工作永远不会结束，”他说，“我们的工作是让音乐治愈世界，让我们理解并找到我们心中的共同点。”)”可知，音乐家的工作是通过音乐引导人们更好地了解自己。故选D。
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了改编自电影的小说。
【8题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“Adaptatins are the currency f the mvie industry. It’s cmmn t see that the latest hit mvie r thrilling drama is inspired by a nvel, vide game, r perhaps even a cmic bk. The jurney f the page being adapted t the screen has been cvered a lt. But little is the prcess spken abut in reverse.（改编电影是电影业流通货币。最近的热门电影或惊悚剧的灵感来自小说、电子游戏，甚至是漫画书，这是很常见的。页面被改编成屏幕的旅程已经被覆盖了很多。但很少有人 in reverse谈论这个过程。）”but表示转折，改编自小说的电影常见，但是改编自电影的小说极少。可知，in reverse是反过来的意思。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Fans wanted t keep learning mre abut the fictinal wrlds they had stepped. int and needed t experience the stry again in a new way. （粉丝们希望继续更多地了解他们所踏足的虚构世界。并需要以新的方式再次体验这个故事。）”可知，电影小说在互联网出现之前就很流行因为他们用不同的方式满足了粉丝的好奇心。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Althugh changes culd be made, there were times where a nvelizatin didn’t actually reflect what happened n the screen because scenes culd be cut r replaced and the nvelizatins were left utdated. （尽管可以进行更改，但有时小说并不能真正反映屏幕上发生的事情，因为场景可以被剪切或替换，并且小说已经过时了。）”可知，小说化的缺点可能是它与原版电影不符。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The mst well-knwn versin f a film making its way int the publishing industry is thrugh the classic nvelizatin. Mvie nvelizatins went thrugh a ppular perid befre the Internet existed.Fans wanted t keep learning mre abut the fictinal wrlds they had stepped. int and needed t experience the stry again in a new way. T（进入出版业的最著名的电影版本是通过经典小说改编的。电影小说经历了互联网出现之前的流行时期。粉丝们希望继续更多地了解他们所踏足的虚构世界。并需要以新的方式再次体验这个故事。）”可知，本文主要介绍了改编自电影的小说。可知，最佳标题是“电影到书籍的改编”。故选C。
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Diana Kennedy第七本书《宴会邀请》，介绍了这本书的特色以及Diana Kennedy对于中国烹饪的看法。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Abut a decade ag, a female reprter. Ms. Dunlp, attended a banquet (宴会) in Guangzhu. The bird’s nest sup was gentle, the sea cucumber was delicius and the fish was fresh and perfectly steamed. Ending a banquet with sup may seem unusual t Westerners, fr they are familiar with desserts at a meal’s clse. The mst memrable dish, hwever, was the plain white cup f brth (肉汤) served at the end. Made frm chicken, prbably with ham as well, it was simple but perfect.(大约十年前，一位女记者。邓禄普女士在广州出席宴会。燕窝汤很温和，海参很美味，鱼很新鲜，蒸得很好。对西方人来说，以汤结束宴会似乎不太寻常，因为他们对餐后甜点很熟悉。然而，最令人难忘的是最后端上来的那杯普通的白色肉汤。这道菜是用鸡肉做的，可能还有火腿，简单但完美)”可知，第一段主要讲的是《请柬》的灵感来源。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Readers will nt learn hw t make Chinese dishes but hw and why Chinese chefs have lng preferred unusual ingredients, such as a bitter citrus (柑橘) fruit. (读者不会学到如何做中国菜，但会学到中国厨师如何以及为什么长期以来偏爱不寻常的食材，比如一种苦味的柑橘)”可知，读者能从邓洛普的第七本书中了解到中国厨师偏爱食材的原因。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Westerners Ms. Dunlp argues, have traditinally believed that the Chinese eat specific animal parts ut f being pr and desperate, which shuts the dr n a variety f fds wnderfully created. (邓洛普认为，西方人传统上认为中国人吃特定的动物部位是出于贫穷和绝望，这就把各种奇妙创造的食物拒之门外)”可推知，邓洛普认为西方人对中国食物的传统看法很狭隘。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Invitatin t a Banquet, based n this jurney, is Ms. Dunlp’s seventh bk. Unlike thse fr which she is best knwn, including The Fd f Sichuan and Revlutinary Kitchen, this is nt a ckbk. Instead, she has chsen 30 dishes and used each t present different parts f Chinese cuisine--and, in turn, Chinese life and histry.(以这次旅行为基础的《宴会邀请》是邓洛普的第七本书。与她最著名的作品《四川美食》和《革命厨房》不同，这本书不是一本烹饪书。相反，她选择了30道菜，用每道菜来展示中国菜的不同部分，进而展示中国人的生活和历史)”结合文章主要介绍了Diana Kennedy第七本书《宴会邀请》，介绍了这本书的特色以及Diana Kennedy对于中国烹饪的看法。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本书。故选A。
湖北省荆州市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上四处美丽的海域。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Cral Sea is a dangerus place fr sailrs, and at the same time ne f the mst beautiful places fr diving and all this is due t the unique cral reefs that are hme t a wide range f creatures.（珊瑚海对水手来说是一个危险的地方，同时也是潜水最美丽的地方之一，这一切都是由于独特的珊瑚礁是各种生物的家园。）”以及第三段中“The Red Sea is a truly magnificent place. It has rich fish stcks, a huge number f amazing creatures live in it, and the underwater wrld is exceptinally rich, which makes it ne f the mst attractive destinatins fr divers arund the wrld.（红海是一个真正壮丽的地方。它有丰富的鱼类资源，有大量令人惊叹的生物生活在其中，水下世界异常丰富，这使它成为世界各地潜水员最具吸引力的目的地之一。）”可知，如果你喜欢潜水或各种海洋生物，就应该到珊瑚海和红海，故选择C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后一句“Many turists cme here, because rest here is inexpensive, and yu can experience different cultural traditins.（许多游客来到这里，因为在这里度假很便宜，你可以体验不同的文化传统。）”可知，很多游客来加勒比海是因为可以以更低的成本欣赏不同的文化，故选择A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“This is anther paradise(天堂)fr relaxatin, receiving many turists every seasn. The sea has a warm climate, creating ideal cnditins fr relaxing n the islands f Java, Sulawesi, Sumbawa and Madura（这是另一个度假的天堂，每个季节都会接待许多游客。大海气候温暖，为在爪哇岛、苏拉威西岛、松巴哇岛和马杜拉岛上放松创造了理想的条件）”可知，巴厘海之所以成为度假天堂是因为这里的气候，故选择D项。
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的After high schl, Jennifer attended a lcal technical cllege, wrking t pay her tuitin, because there was n extra mney set aside fr a cllege educatin.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C. She supprted herself thrugh cllege.(她自食其力读完了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的She chse the UW-Eau Claire prgram at Misnistry Saint Jseph’s Hspital in Marshfield because she was able t pursue her fur-year degree clse t hme. She culd drive t class and be hme in the evening t help with her kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目，因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。A. T take care f her kids easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed t achieve her gal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing imprtant events t study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B. Her time with family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的Thrugh it all, she reminded in gd academic standing and graduated with hnrs.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和Hwever, her children have learned an imprtant lessn witnessing their mther earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generatin graduate and an inspiratin t her family-and that’s the pretty pwerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C. Hard wrk pays ff.(努力会得到回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了持续的亚马逊雨林大火，会使气候变化危机恶化，威胁生物多样性。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的内容“the Amazn is ften called‘ the lungs f the wrld ’”、“ It is als hme t abut 3 millin species f plants and animals ”、“ play an imprtant rle in the wrld’s ecsystem”和“They als stre carbn dixide and prduce xygen”可知，第二段的段落大意就是介绍亚马逊雨林的地位。所选项B符合题意，故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。由题干中的“Lvejy’s and Guterres’s wrds” 快速定位到第三段内容。Lvejy强调“The mst serius threat is that a lt f carbn ges int the atmsphere.”（最严重的威胁是大量的碳进入大气层）；Guterres说“In the midst f the glbal climate crisis, we cannt affrd mre damage t a majr surce f xygen and bidiversity.”（在全球气候危机中，我们无法承受对氧气和生物多样性的主要来源造成更大的破坏。）。由此可以推测出热带雨林火灾会造成严重后果。所以选项C符合题意。故选C项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段内容“ the number f frest fires in Brazil increased by 82 percent ”和“ up frm 39,194 in the same perid in 2018”可知，火灾比以往更频繁。根据句子“We estimate that the frest areas in the Brazilian Amazn have decreased between 20 and 30 percent cmpared t the last 12 mnths.”（我们估计巴西亚马逊地区的森林面积比过去12个月减少了20%到30%。）可知，作者列举数据的原因是强调雨林面积不断减少。选项D符合题意，故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章大意，文章主要介绍了位于巴西的亚马逊雨林不断遭受火灾，雨林面积不断减少，由此可能带来生态灾难。所以文章出自杂志的“自然和地理”版块。故选C项。
【点睛】推理判断题型阅读解题技巧 题型介绍 推理题即要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上, 做出一定的判断和推理, 从而得 出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。如第二小题通过文章内容Lvejy强调“The mst serius threat is that a lt f carbn ges int the atmsphere.”（最严重的威胁是大量的碳进入大气层）；Guterres说“In the midst f the glbal climate crisis, we cannt affrd mre damage t a majr surce f xygen and bidiversity.”（在全球气候危机中，我们无法承受对氧气和生物多样性的主要来源造成更大的破坏。）就可以推测出他们表达的意思是热带雨林火灾会造成严重后果。
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞士开发人员Renat Casuut开发了一个“仿生阅读”系统，它可以通过人工注视点引导眼睛，使在线阅读更容易、速度更快，还有助于帮助人们理解阅读内容。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Nw a new reading system, Binic Reading, develped by Swiss typgraphic designer Renat Casutt, can help peple vercme these issues, and mst imprtantly, it aims t help peple read faster nline and develp a mre in-depth understanding f written cntent.(现在，瑞士排版设计师雷纳托·卡苏特开发的一种新的阅读系统“仿生阅读”可以帮助人们克服这些问题，最重要的是，它旨在帮助人们更快地在线阅读，并对书面内容有更深入的理解。)”可知，由瑞士设计师Renat Casutt开发的新的阅读系统Binic Reading旨在帮助人们更快地进行在线阅读，并加深对阅读内容的深入理解。故选D。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“T make it shrt: sme parts f the wrds are displayed in bld (粗体). As a result, the reader nly fcuses n the highlighted letters and lets the brain center cmplete the rest.(简而言之：单词的某些部分以粗体显示。因此，读者只关注突出显示的字母，而让大脑中心完成其余的部分。)”可知，下文是对第一句的解释，下文提到单词的一部分会以粗体形式显示，因此，读者只需要关注醒目的字母，大脑中枢会完成剩下的部分。由此推知，该阅读系统是通过这些粗体显示的内容来引导眼睛阅读，从而使阅读更容易。由此可知，画线词“artificial fixatin pints”指代的是“加粗的字母”。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Sme peple with ADHD prve that Binic Reading helped them fcus and cmprehend what they are reading.( 一些患有多动症的人证明，仿生阅读帮助他们集中注意力，理解他们正在阅读的内容。)”可知，一些多动症患者认为该系统是有益的。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Nw a new reading system, Binic Reading, develped by Swiss typgraphic designer Renat Casutt, can help peple vercme these issues, and mst imprtantly, it aims t help peple read faster nline and develp a mre in-depth understanding f written cntent.(现在，瑞士排版设计师雷纳托·卡苏特开发的一种新的阅读系统“仿生阅读”可以帮助人们克服这些问题，最重要的是，它旨在帮助人们更快地在线阅读，并对书面内容有更深入的理解。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个帮助在线阅读的系统。故选C。
湖北省黄冈市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末调考英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴黎的四个旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Luvre中“The Mna Lisa may nt be yur cup f tea, but we recmmend at least Liberty Leading the Peple, The Raft f the Medusa, and s n.”（《蒙娜丽莎》可能不是你喜欢的作品，但我们至少推荐《自由带领人民》、《美杜莎之筏》等等。）可知，游客在卢浮宫欣赏《蒙娜丽莎》。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Giverny中“Lying abut 45 miles frm Paris, this village is the hmetwn f the late artist Claude Mnet.”（这个村庄距离巴黎约45英里，是已故艺术家克劳德·莫奈的故乡。）可知，如果你是莫奈的粉丝，吉维尼这个地方可能最吸引你。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Luvre中“The Mna Lisa may nt be yur cup f tea, but we recmmend at least Liberty Leading the Peple, The Raft f the Medusa, and s n.”（《蒙娜丽莎》可能不是你喜欢的作品，但我们至少推荐《自由带领人民》、《美杜莎之筏》等等。）、Musée d’Orsaya中“Once a train statin, the Musée d’Orsay has been repurpsed and is nw a pleasing wnder with Pstimpressinist paintings and mre t suit mst tastes.”（Musée d’Orsay曾经是一个火车站，现在已经被改造成了一个令人愉快的奇迹，里面有后印象派的绘画，还有更多的作品，以满足大多数人的品味。）、The Seine River中“Hme t cultural, fashin and artistic riches, the left bank is lined with cafés, which are a gd place t meet yur her r herine.”（这里是文化、时尚和艺术的宝库，左岸排列着咖啡厅，是遇见你的英雄或女主角的好地方。）和Giverny中“Lying abut 45 miles frm Paris, this village is the hmetwn f the late artist Claude Mnet.”（这个村庄距离巴黎约45英里，是已故艺术家克劳德·莫奈的故乡。）可知，这四个景点的共同之处是它们都适合艺术爱好者。故选A项。
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了作者给自己编造了一个最好的朋友，但因为没有最好的朋友，作者常常自我怀疑。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The prblem is, Hayley isn’t real. I have t imagine a best friend because there have been t many times I’ve been asked t describe this persn, t many times I’ve replied, “I dn’t have ne,” and t many times I’ve heard, “Why nt? Dn’t yu want a best friend?”(问题是海莉不是真的。我必须想象一个最好的朋友，因为有太多次我被要求描述这个人，太多次我回答说，“我没有，”太多次我听到，“为什么没有？你不想要一个最好的朋友吗？”)”可知，作者虚构了海莉是因为她厌倦了被询问。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“I’ve ften wndered: Des nt having a best friend mean I am defective(有缺陷的)? Shuld I be awkward that the nly peple I hang ut with are my parents? Will I have t face heartbreak and failure alne? Smetimes I tell myself, “Just be strng. There’s n way yu’ll ever succeed because yu can’t deal with the smallest prblems in life.” Cnsidering these thughts makes me lck myself in my rm and take psychlgy(心理) tests n my phne t find ut why I am defective.( 我常常在想：没有最好的朋友是不是就意味着我有缺陷？我应该因为只和我父母一起出去玩而感到尴尬吗？我会独自面对心碎和失败吗？有时我告诉自己：“要坚强。你永远不会成功，因为你不会处理生活中最小的问题。”考虑到这些想法，我把自己锁在房间里，在手机上做心理学测试，以找出我有缺陷的原因)”可知，作者经常怀疑自己。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“But as I lk thrugh my phne, I ask myself, what wuld Hayley say t me right nw? As an imagined character, Hayley can say what my mind tells her, “Yu can nly d s much, and self-dubt uses mst f the ‘s much’ yu can really d.”(但当我翻看手机时，我问自己，海莉现在会对我说什么?作为一个想象中的角色，海莉可以说出我的想法告诉她的话：“你只能做这么多，而自我怀疑利用了你真正能做的大部分‘这么多’。”)”可知，海莉会让作者从自己的烦恼中解脱出来。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“I slwly began t write in Spanish: My best friend is Hayley.( 我慢慢地开始用西班牙语写：我最好的朋友是海莉。她是一名足球运动员。她拉小提琴，和我一样。我们从四年级开始就是最好的朋友)”及第三段“The prblem is, Hayley isn’t real.(问题是海莉不是真的)”可知，文章主要说明了作者给自己编造了一个最好的朋友，但因为没有最好的朋友，作者常常自我怀疑。由此可知，D选项“‘最好的朋友’问题”最符合文章标题。故选D。
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，户外运动有许多好处，与在城市长大的人相比，童年大部分时间在农村度过的人往往对公众演讲等压力大的事件表现出更好的反应。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段““Dn’t get dirty!” was nce ften shuted by parents angrily watching their children ruin their best clthes. It was unavidable that children’s whites wuld turn brwn befre the day was ver. (“别弄脏了!”看到孩子们弄脏自己最好的衣服，父母们常常愤怒地喊出这句话。孩子们的白色衣服在一天结束之前就会变成棕色，这是不可避免的。)”以及第二段“Tday, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance t pick up a bit f dirt. With the rise f city life, and the attractin f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much less than in the past. (今天，许多父母可能暗自希望他们的孩子有机会捡起一点污垢。随着城市生活的兴起，以及电子游戏和社交媒体的吸引，与大自然的接触比过去少了很多。)”可推知，作者写第一段的目的是引出话题。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Outdr play can als ffer valuable learning experiences. (户外活动也能提供宝贵的学习经验。)”可知，户外运动的好处是获得学习经验。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The peple wh grew up in cities are kind f”以及后文“Hwever, peple wh have spent lts f time in nature since childhd are generally strnger in recvery and mre psitive. (然而，从小就在大自然中度过大量时间的人通常恢复得更强，也更积极。)”可知，从小就在大自然中度过大量时间的人通常恢复得更强，也更积极，那么反过来在城市长大的人因为压力很大，所以变得虚弱。故划线词意思是“人们在压力下变得虚弱”。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Accrding t recent research, the dirt utside is teaming with friendly micrrganisms (微生物) that can train the immune (免疫的) system and build the bdy against illnesses, such as anxiety. (根据最近的研究，室外的污垢与友好的微生物结合在一起，可以训练免疫系统，增强身体对疾病的抵抗力，比如焦虑。)”结合文章主要说明了研究表明，户外运动有许多好处，与在城市长大的人相比，童年大部分时间在农村度过的人往往对公众演讲等压力大的事件表现出更好的反应。可推知，文章选自网站的“健康”部分。故选B。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着人工智能的普及，研究人员已经注意到它对环境的影响。训练一个人工智能系统需要巨大的计算能力和电力，而由此产生的二氧化碳排放是人工智能影响环境的一种方式。但它对环境的影响不仅仅是它的碳足迹。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Jesse Ddge, a scientist at the Allen Institute, says, "The influence f Al systems is ging t be frm their applicatins, nt the cst f training them."”（艾伦研究所(Allen Institute)的科学家杰西•道奇(Jesse Ddge)表示：“人工智能系统的影响将来自它们的应用，而不是训练它们的成本。”）可知，根据道奇的说法，AI系统对环境的影响来自人工智能的应用方式。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But n the ther side f the cin, there are AI applicatins that can help deal with envirnmental prblems, such as the destructin caused by hurricanes. One such applicatin is xView2, a prgram started by a U. S. rganizatin. It can recgnize buildings damaged and peple trapped in natural disasters, reducing danger and saving time fr rescuers.”（但另一方面，有些人工智能应用程序可以帮助处理环境问题，比如飓风造成的破坏。xView2就是这样一个应用程序，它是由一个美国组织启动的程序。它可以识别在自然灾害中受损的建筑物和被困的人，减少危险，节省救援人员的时间。）可推知，作者通过举例来展开第四段内容。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“AI culd be a valuable tl in the fight against climate change—if the Al industry can reduce its harmful climate effects. "Bth AI and climate rules have rles t play." Rlnick says. When creating Al rules, he suggests cnsidering its applicatins, emissins, and ther prductin csts. Further, Ddge adds that thse AI prfessinals shuld help set up sme value systems t limit the technlgy's use.”（如果人工智能产业能够减少其对气候的有害影响，那么人工智能将成为对抗气候变化的宝贵工具。“人工智能和气候规则都可以发挥作用。”Rlnick说。在制定人工智能规则时，他建议考虑它的应用、排放和其他生产成本。此外，道奇补充说，这些人工智能专业人士应该帮助建立一些价值体系，以限制该技术的使用。）可推知，从最后一段我们能推断出人工智能的规则可能会有帮助。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“As AI becmes ppular, researchers have nticed its influence n the envirnment. Training an AI system requires huge cmputing pwer and electricity, and the resulting CO2 emissins（排放）are ne way AI affects the envirnment. But its envirnmental effect is mre than its carbr ftprint.”（随着人工智能的普及，研究人员已经注意到它对环境的影响。训练一个人工智能系统需要巨大的计算能力和电力，而由此产生的二氧化碳排放是人工智能影响环境的一种方式。但它对环境的影响不仅仅是它的碳足迹。）可知，文章主要讲的是人工智能对环境的影响超出了它的二氧化碳排放。故选D项。
湖北省孝感市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴黎的四个旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Luvre中“The Mna Lisa may nt be yur cup f tea, but we recmmend at least Liberty Leading the Peple, The Raft f the Medusa, and s n.”（《蒙娜丽莎》可能不是你喜欢的作品，但我们至少推荐《自由带领人民》、《美杜莎之筏》等等。）可知，游客在卢浮宫欣赏《蒙娜丽莎》。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Giverny中“Lying abut 45 miles frm Paris, this village is the hmetwn f the late artist Claude Mnet.”（这个村庄距离巴黎约45英里，是已故艺术家克劳德·莫奈的故乡。）可知，如果你是莫奈的粉丝，吉维尼这个地方可能最吸引你。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Luvre中“The Mna Lisa may nt be yur cup f tea, but we recmmend at least Liberty Leading the Peple, The Raft f the Medusa, and s n.”（《蒙娜丽莎》可能不是你喜欢的作品，但我们至少推荐《自由带领人民》、《美杜莎之筏》等等。）、Musée d’Orsaya中“Once a train statin, the Musée d’Orsay has been repurpsed and is nw a pleasing wnder with Pstimpressinist paintings and mre t suit mst tastes.”（Musée d’Orsay曾经是一个火车站，现在已经被改造成了一个令人愉快的奇迹，里面有后印象派的绘画，还有更多的作品，以满足大多数人的品味。）、The Seine River中“Hme t cultural, fashin and artistic riches, the left bank is lined with cafés, which are a gd place t meet yur her r herine.”（这里是文化、时尚和艺术的宝库，左岸排列着咖啡厅，是遇见你的英雄或女主角的好地方。）和Giverny中“Lying abut 45 miles frm Paris, this village is the hmetwn f the late artist Claude Mnet.”（这个村庄距离巴黎约45英里，是已故艺术家克劳德·莫奈的故乡。）可知，这四个景点的共同之处是它们都适合艺术爱好者。故选A项。
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要说明了作者给自己编造了一个最好的朋友，但因为没有最好的朋友，作者常常自我怀疑。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The prblem is, Hayley isn’t real. I have t imagine a best friend because there have been t many times I’ve been asked t describe this persn, t many times I’ve replied, “I dn’t have ne,” and t many times I’ve heard, “Why nt? Dn’t yu want a best friend?”(问题是海莉不是真的。我必须想象一个最好的朋友，因为有太多次我被要求描述这个人，太多次我回答说，“我没有，”太多次我听到，“为什么没有？你不想要一个最好的朋友吗？”)”可知，作者虚构了海莉是因为她厌倦了被询问。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“I’ve ften wndered: Des nt having a best friend mean I am defective(有缺陷的)? Shuld I be awkward that the nly peple I hang ut with are my parents? Will I have t face heartbreak and failure alne? Smetimes I tell myself, “Just be strng. There’s n way yu’ll ever succeed because yu can’t deal with the smallest prblems in life.” Cnsidering these thughts makes me lck myself in my rm and take psychlgy(心理) tests n my phne t find ut why I am defective.( 我常常在想：没有最好的朋友是不是就意味着我有缺陷？我应该因为只和我父母一起出去玩而感到尴尬吗？我会独自面对心碎和失败吗？有时我告诉自己：“要坚强。你永远不会成功，因为你不会处理生活中最小的问题。”考虑到这些想法，我把自己锁在房间里，在手机上做心理学测试，以找出我有缺陷的原因)”可知，作者经常怀疑自己。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“But as I lk thrugh my phne, I ask myself, what wuld Hayley say t me right nw? As an imagined character, Hayley can say what my mind tells her, “Yu can nly d s much, and self-dubt uses mst f the ‘s much’ yu can really d.”(但当我翻看手机时，我问自己，海莉现在会对我说什么?作为一个想象中的角色，海莉可以说出我的想法告诉她的话：“你只能做这么多，而自我怀疑利用了你真正能做的大部分‘这么多’。”)”可知，海莉会让作者从自己的烦恼中解脱出来。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“I slwly began t write in Spanish: My best friend is Hayley.( 我慢慢地开始用西班牙语写：我最好的朋友是海莉。她是一名足球运动员。她拉小提琴，和我一样。我们从四年级开始就是最好的朋友)”及第三段“The prblem is, Hayley isn’t real.(问题是海莉不是真的)”可知，文章主要说明了作者给自己编造了一个最好的朋友，但因为没有最好的朋友，作者常常自我怀疑。由此可知，D选项“‘最好的朋友’问题”最符合文章标题。故选D。
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，户外运动有许多好处，与在城市长大的人相比，童年大部分时间在农村度过的人往往对公众演讲等压力大的事件表现出更好的反应。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段““Dn’t get dirty!” was nce ften shuted by parents angrily watching their children ruin their best clthes. It was unavidable that children’s whites wuld turn brwn befre the day was ver. (“别弄脏了!”看到孩子们弄脏自己最好的衣服，父母们常常愤怒地喊出这句话。孩子们的白色衣服在一天结束之前就会变成棕色，这是不可避免的。)”以及第二段“Tday, many parents may secretly wish their children had the chance t pick up a bit f dirt. With the rise f city life, and the attractin f vide games and scial media, cntact with nature is much less than in the past. (今天，许多父母可能暗自希望他们的孩子有机会捡起一点污垢。随着城市生活的兴起，以及电子游戏和社交媒体的吸引，与大自然的接触比过去少了很多。)”可推知，作者写第一段的目的是引出话题。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Outdr play can als ffer valuable learning experiences. (户外活动也能提供宝贵的学习经验。)”可知，户外运动的好处是获得学习经验。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The peple wh grew up in cities are kind f”以及后文“Hwever, peple wh have spent lts f time in nature since childhd are generally strnger in recvery and mre psitive. (然而，从小就在大自然中度过大量时间的人通常恢复得更强，也更积极。)”可知，从小就在大自然中度过大量时间的人通常恢复得更强，也更积极，那么反过来在城市长大的人因为压力很大，所以变得虚弱。故划线词意思是“人们在压力下变得虚弱”。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Accrding t recent research, the dirt utside is teaming with friendly micrrganisms (微生物) that can train the immune (免疫的) system and build the bdy against illnesses, such as anxiety. (根据最近的研究，室外的污垢与友好的微生物结合在一起，可以训练免疫系统，增强身体对疾病的抵抗力，比如焦虑。)”结合文章主要说明了研究表明，户外运动有许多好处，与在城市长大的人相比，童年大部分时间在农村度过的人往往对公众演讲等压力大的事件表现出更好的反应。可推知，文章选自网站的“健康”部分。故选B。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着人工智能的普及，研究人员已经注意到它对环境的影响。训练一个人工智能系统需要巨大的计算能力和电力，而由此产生的二氧化碳排放是人工智能影响环境的一种方式。但它对环境的影响不仅仅是它的碳足迹。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Jesse Ddge, a scientist at the Allen Institute, says, "The influence f Al systems is ging t be frm their applicatins, nt the cst f training them."”（艾伦研究所(Allen Institute)的科学家杰西•道奇(Jesse Ddge)表示：“人工智能系统的影响将来自它们的应用，而不是训练它们的成本。”）可知，根据道奇的说法，AI系统对环境的影响来自人工智能的应用方式。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“But n the ther side f the cin, there are AI applicatins that can help deal with envirnmental prblems, such as the destructin caused by hurricanes. One such applicatin is xView2, a prgram started by a U. S. rganizatin. It can recgnize buildings damaged and peple trapped in natural disasters, reducing danger and saving time fr rescuers.”（但另一方面，有些人工智能应用程序可以帮助处理环境问题，比如飓风造成的破坏。xView2就是这样一个应用程序，它是由一个美国组织启动的程序。它可以识别在自然灾害中受损的建筑物和被困的人，减少危险，节省救援人员的时间。）可推知，作者通过举例来展开第四段内容。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“AI culd be a valuable tl in the fight against climate change—if the Al industry can reduce its harmful climate effects. "Bth AI and climate rules have rles t play." Rlnick says. When creating Al rules, he suggests cnsidering its applicatins, emissins, and ther prductin csts. Further, Ddge adds that thse AI prfessinals shuld help set up sme value systems t limit the technlgy's use.”（如果人工智能产业能够减少其对气候的有害影响，那么人工智能将成为对抗气候变化的宝贵工具。“人工智能和气候规则都可以发挥作用。”Rlnick说。在制定人工智能规则时，他建议考虑它的应用、排放和其他生产成本。此外，道奇补充说，这些人工智能专业人士应该帮助建立一些价值体系，以限制该技术的使用。）可推知，从最后一段我们能推断出人工智能的规则可能会有帮助。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“As AI becmes ppular, researchers have nticed its influence n the envirnment. Training an AI system requires huge cmputing pwer and electricity, and the resulting CO2 emissins（排放）are ne way AI affects the envirnment. But its envirnmental effect is mre than its carbr ftprint.”（随着人工智能的普及，研究人员已经注意到它对环境的影响。训练一个人工智能系统需要巨大的计算能力和电力，而由此产生的二氧化碳排放是人工智能影响环境的一种方式。但它对环境的影响不仅仅是它的碳足迹。）可知，文章主要讲的是人工智能对环境的影响超出了它的二氧化碳排放。故选D项。