【中考二轮】2024年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】（上海通用）热点02+社会生活及个人经历（阅读理解之完形填空题）-专练.zip

这是一份【中考二轮】2024年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】（上海通用）热点02+社会生活及个人经历（阅读理解之完形填空题）-专练.zip，文件包含热点02社会生活及个人经历阅读理解之完形填空题解析版docx、热点02社会生活及个人经历阅读理解之完形填空题原题版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。

上海中考英语完形填空以记叙文或夹叙夹议为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。完形填空旨在全面考查考生英语基础知识，阅读理解能力，和综合运用语言的能力完形填空的命题原则是“以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”能够掌握足够的词汇量，正确运用词类和词语的正确搭配。具有一定的语言运用能力，综合分析能力和词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力，归纳能力。
1..扎实的语法、词汇、短语、惯用法等英语固定搭配的知识。特别是英语词汇意义和用法的辨析能力。在阅读中捕捉记忆相关信息的能力。
2.分析认识文章结构，理解领会文章各部分、各层次之间逻辑关系的能力。
4.逻辑思维能力。特别是总结概括、推理判断和分析归纳的能力。包括情景推理判断、常识推理判断、逆向推理判断及比较推理判断等。
1.语义优先于语法原则
文章的开头部分尤其是第一句话不设空格，它起到的作用是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单的介绍或提示，并且单纯的语法题已从该题型中逐渐消失。如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就必定陷入了答题误区。
2.词内选项句内找原则
四个选择项要么都是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么都是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示，有时第一个空格要读完全文才能回答。
【应试技巧】
1.快速弄清文章大意
对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读,对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。
2.弄清楚说明的顺序
把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。
3.把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节
把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。
4.注重上下文语境
应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服"思维定势"，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。
一、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Glria is a famus hstess f a TV statin. When she was 15, she happened t walk int a bkstre in her hmetwn and began lking at the bks n the shelves. The man behind the cunter, Jhn Smith, asked if she’d like a jb. She needed t start 1 fr cllege, s she said yes.
Glria wrked after schl and during summer hlidays, and the jb helped pay fr her first year f cllege. During cllege she wuld d many ther jbs: she served cffee in the student unin, and she was a htel cleaner and even made maps fr the Frest Service. But 2 bks was ne f the mst satisfying jbs.
One day a wman came int the bkstre and asked Glria fr bks n cancer. The wman seemed upset. Glria shwed her practically everything they had and fund ther bks they culd rder. The wman left the stre 3 , and Glria has always remembered the pride she felt in having helped her custmers.
Years later, as a televisin hstess, Glria heard f a child wh was brn with prblems with his fingers and hand. His family culd nt 4 an peratin, and the by lived in shame, hiding his hand in his pcket all the time. Glria persuaded (说服) her bss t agree t let her d the stry. After the stry was bradcast, sme dctrs called, ffering t perfrm the peratin 5 .
Glria visited the by in the hspital after the peratin. The first thing he did was t raise his repaired hand and say, “Thank yu.” What a sweet sense f satisfactin Glria felt!
At Smith’s bkstre, Glria always realized she was wrking fr the custmers, nt the stre. Tday it’s the same. The TV statin pays her, but she feels that she shuld wrk fr the peple wh watch the prgrammes, helping them understand the 6 better.
1．A．savingB．studyingC．surveyingD．making
2．A．brrwingB．lendingC．readingD．selling
3．A．mre excitedB．less wrriedC．quite interestedD．very surprised
4．A．dB．fferC．affrdD．give
5．A．in returnB．n businessC．with pleasureD．fr free
6．A．TV statinB．hstessesC．wrldD．peratin
二、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Emily was a teenager and lived with her parents. She and her best friend, Kim, fund ut that their favrite band wuld give a cncert in their twn n Friday night. They really wanted t g, but they didn’t think their parents wuld agree. Emily explained t her parents that she wanted t g t the cncert with Kim, but they thught that she was t yung t g withut 7 .
Emily tld Kim that she culd nt g t the cncert, but her friend’s answer was a real 8 t Emily. Kim tld her mum she wuld study with friends n Friday.
“I really d nt want t be dishnest with my parents,” Emily tld her friend.
“Oh, 9 acting like a little kid! Everyne lies,” Kim replied.
But Emily was nt s sure. She thught that hnesty was very imprtant. Emily never felt cmfrtable lying, and her parents always tld her that it was wrng.
On Thursday, Kim invited Emily ver t her huse t watch a mvie after schl. When they gt there, Kim and her mther gt int a fight. Emily realized that Kim lied t her mther 10 and her mther did nt trust her. Emily had t g back hme.
As she walked hme, she remembered that Kim always tld her hw terrible her relatinship with her mther was. Kim thught her mther did nt understand her, but Emily thught maybe Kim’s mther was just 11 Kim being dishnest with her. Emily decided she wuld nt lie t her parents abut the cncert. There wuld be lts f cncerts in the future, but they were the nly Parents she wuld ever have. She knew it was better t hnr them and help them because her parents trusted her, let her d 12 f the things that she wanted t d, and she really preferred it that way.
7．A．teachersB．friendsC．adultsD．relatives
8．A．prmiseB．impressinC．experienceD．surprise
9．A．cntinueB．stpC．enjyD．hate
10．A．all the timeB．at the same timeC．fr the time beingD．ahead f time
11．A．fnd fB．satisfied withC．used tD．tired f
12．A．nneB．fewC．mstD．all
三、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Teenagers live very busy lives nw and ften frget t think abut their diets and exercise. In fact, healthy diet alng with regular exercise is the nly way t keep fit. During yur teenage years, giving yur bdy the energy that it needs is 13 . Teenage girls need abut 2,200 calries (千卡热量) a day while bys need a bit 14 —dctrs suggest 2,800 fr teenage bys. 50% f yur calries shuld cme 15 rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. Yu 16 need t drink a lt f water, 6 t 8 glasses a day. Drinking enugh water will imprve yur skin and give yu healthy hair.
Exercise is smething that can help yu. 17 , it can make yu lk gd, feel gd and be healthy. Experts suggest that teenagers shuld spend at least 30 minutes exercising, five times a week. When yu exercise, yur bdy prduces smething that makes yu feel relaxed. It can even help yu 18 better at night and let yu pay mre attentin when yu study!
13．A．imprtantB．hardC．difficultD．cmfrtable
14．A．lessB．fewerC．mreD．much
15．A．frmB．frC．tD．int
16．A．butB．nlyC．hardlyD．als
17．A．As ifB．LikeC．Such asD．Fr example
18．A．wake.B．sleepC．mveD．laugh
四、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
We always celebrated Dad’s birthday n Thanksgiving Day even after he entered a nursing hme. When we knew it might be his last birthday, the whle family decided t 19 fr a huge birthday celebratin at the nursing hme.
Dad was a gd stryteller and we were always his listeners. During a quiet mment, I annunced it was ns. Dad’s turn t listen t sme stries fr a 20 . I wanted everyne t tell Dad what we lved abut him. The rm became quiet. Then ne after anther, peple tld stries frm their hearts, while Dad 21 with tears in eyes. Peple recalled kinds f stries — stries abut when they were little, stries abut when Dad was yung, and stries that shared family treasures. Everyne seemed t have mre than ne stry. Even the little grandchildren culdn’t wait t tell Dad why they lved him. Fr a man wh had been kind t s many hundreds f peple in his life, here was ur chance t tell him hw much we lve him. A few mnths later, at Dad’s memrial service, we mre fully 22 what we had given t Dad that night. Thse are the stries peple nrmally tell at a funeral(葬礼)after a lved ne is n lnger alive t hear the wrds. They tell stries full f tears. 23 we had given thse memries t Dad in his life, and we had tld them thrugh laughter, tgether with hugs and jy. He had them t hld and enjyed them frm time t time in his mind during his last days and mnths.
Wrds d matter, and they are 24 . We just need t say them publicly t the nes we lve. That’s the ways t give back lve and that’s ur chance t celebrate a persn in his r her life.
19．A．dress upB．eat utC．get tgetherD．have fun
20．A．changeB．chiceC．breakD．business
21．A．cnfusedB．listenedC．expectedD．cheered
22．A．cmplainedB．imaginedC．hpedD．realized
23．A．AgainB．EvenC．ButD．Just
24．A．interestingB．enughC．funnyD．simple
五、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
It was yearbk (学校年刊) day and we were given an hur t sign each ther’s yearbk in the cafeteria (自助餐厅). I was president f the class and I played sprts. When I sat dwn at a table, peple started t cme ver t get their yearbks signed and t sign mine.
Amng them, a weak by with ugly teeth and thick glasses kept shaking. I had seen him arund, and I knew he was always 25 . He didn’t seem sure f himself, and was s pale that it hurt us t lk at him.
He came up and asked me 26 ,“Can yu sign this?” I lk his yearbk but I didn’t knw what t write. I saw that there was the name “Ricky Sanders” written n the frnt f it. S I wrte: Ricky.
I think yu’re a really nice kid, and I hpe yu have lts f fun in yur summer vacatin. Signature: Will (Sign yur name here)
I put dwn the yearbk and turned arund t get sme signatures frm sme f my friends when I nticed my yearbk was gne. I saw that Ricky had sat dwn with my yearbk. “What are yu ding?” I asked him. He lked up calmly and 27 said “Sign!”
My friends laughed ludly at nce, and I saw that he was carefully trying t put a signature in my yearbk. He hadn’t even finished the “R” yet. I thught fr a while and 28 t let him sign.
It tk him nearly five minutes t sign and when I gt my yearbk back, there was a very shaky “RICKY”. He hugged his year bk and smiled. I culdn’t help but smile back at him. In that mment, my attitude(态度) changed cmpletely.
I gave him a high five and suddenly 29 at my table wanted his signature. He was asked plitely t write in their yearbks and the signature pages f his yearbk were filed up. He was smiling s big that it lit up the whle rm.
I changed schls the next year, and I never saw Ricky again. 30 , I will never frget the day that he became the mst ppular guy in schl. Whenever I’m sad, I still lk back at that yearbk.
25．A．laughed atB．lked afterC．depended nD．waken up
26．A．happilyB．sadlyC．nervuslyD．clearly
27．A．stillB．everC．evenD．just
28．A．decidedB．meantC．beganD．prepared
29．A．nbdyB．anyneC．everyneD．smene
30．A．In additinB．HweverC．As a resultD．Finally
一、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
D yu ever find yurself ding smething withut thinking abut it? We d lts f things autmatically, ut f habit rather than fr any gd reasn. Learning t 1 healthy new habits can help yu t reach yur gals.
A habit is smething yu d ften, almst withut thinking. Scientists say that habits are frmed in the brain and include a cause, actin and a reward. If yu have a habit f watching TV when yu get hme frm schl, the cause wuld becme hme frm schl; the 2 is turning n the TV; and there might be the happy, relaxed feeling frm watching yur favrite prgram. This gd feeling makes yu want t d the same thing after schl the next day t, and ver time it can becme a habit.
Turning smething int a habit means yu dn’t have t 3 it, which is gd news when it’s healthy. Gd habits can help guard against bad nes t, such as wrrying. Scientists believe that nearly half f everything we d every day is ut f habit, s frming 4 habits is als a great way t help yu t reach yur gals.
Dr Radha Mdgil ntes that it’s imprtant t think abut why yu want t change. “What 5 d yu want t achieve, and hw are yu ging t d it?” she asks. When it’s time t begin, “Try the 1% idea, where every day yu imprve r change 6 by 1%. That way yu start t see prgress and yu’re nt put ff by failure”. Remember that frming new habits isn’t always easy but it will be wrth it in the end. “Changing habits can change yur life”, says Mdgil.
1．A．bserveB．createC．enrichD．cntrl
2．A．actinB．slutinC．stressD．thught
3．A．lk upB．depend nC．think abutD．cmplete with
4．A．patientB．wnderfulC．unusualD．helpful
5．A．exactlyB．cmpletelyC．luckilyD．directly
6．A．anythingB．everythingC．smethingD．nthing
二、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
It’s cmmn t wnder smetimes, “What if smething turns ut badly?” It’s imprtant t understand that idea and manage it s that yu dn’ t get stuck in the wrry.
Wrrying abut the future is a 7 part f life. Frm time t time, everyne wnders what wuld happen if smething desn’t g t plan: “What if I make a mistake?” r “What if everyne 8 me?” These “what-if” wrries fcus n a negative result. When yu spend a lt f time wrrying abut bad things that culd happen, yu’ re imagining that the future culd be a(n) 9 . Spending a lt f time thinking abut “what-if” makes yu feel anxius(焦虑的)and wrried. Fr example, yu might feel upset and it can make it hard t fcus n what yu’ re ding.
There are different ways yu can help yurself. Angela McMillan suggests creating an “if/then” plan. She says, “Fr example, If yu have t stand up in frnt f the class, Then yu will take sme deep breaths and 10 yurself yu have prepared and yu’ re OK, r If the scial event is really nisy and yu feel uncmfrtable, Then yu can step utside fr a few minutes. “Yu can als ask yurself hw likely it is t 11 happen.
McMillan pints ut that mst wrries never happen. “Remember they are just thughts and the bravest thing we can d is t nt let the wrry 12 . “she says. Try t fcus yur attentin n what yu’ re ding.
Getting angry with yurself will make yu feel wrse, s be kind t yurself.
7．A．nrmalB．dramaticC．pleasantD．simple
8．A．depends nB．believes inC．laughs atD．learns frm
9．A．adventureB．surpriseC．galD．disaster
10．A．helpB．understandC．judgeD．remind
11．A．actuallyB．exactlyC．certainlyD．immediately
12．A．arriveB．winC．endD．think
三、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Shuld peple walk where they want
In mst f England, walkers are limited t ftpaths.
Mre than 100 musicians, actrs and writers wrte t the UK gvernment, “In the bks we write, the sngs we sing, the art we make, we celebrate the imprtant cnnectin that we feel with nature. But that cnnectin is 13 by the fences that surrund (围绕) much f England’s land, stpping peple frm walking free.”
Althugh in 2000, a law was passed t allw peple t walk arund 8% f England’s cuntryside. Sme peple say this isn’t gd enugh. Others pint ut that there are businesses that need t keep the land private. What d yu think? Shuld peple be allwed t walk wherever they like?
13．A．rebuiltB．blckedC．linkedD．supprted
14．A．pleasureB．prgressC．wisdmD．reference
15．A．faithfullyB．carefullyC．safelyD．easily
16．A．cmmnB．flexibleC．fairD．guilty
17．A．After allB．Fr exampleC．What’s mreD．As a result
18．A．memriesB．enemiesC．secretsD．dangers
四、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Many teens aren’t getting enugh sleep. Accrding t a U. S. survey, mre than ne in five teens have difficulty falling asleep r staying asleep. Here, sme 19 experts (专家) are ffering tips t help teens get a better night’s sleep.
Snal Malhtra
Small changes can ften make a big difference. Try changing ne bad sleep habit at a time. Fr example, 20 having a big meal clse t bedtime r make sure yur rm is dark and cmfrtable. It’s nt pssible t change everything all at nce. If yu can change ne habit even several nights a week, that’s great.
Lisa Damur
We have plenty f research shwing hw damaging technlgy is t sleep. N ne—children r adults—shuld have a phne in their bedrm at night.
If that’s t hard fr yu, yu can start with sme easier ways t 21 the damage f nighttime screen time. Passive use, like watching a shw, is better than active use, like gaming.
Judith Owens
Many f yu like t get up late 22 . This can affect yur weekday sleep. On Sunday night, yu haven’t been awake lng enugh t fall asleep at the right time. Yu’ll then have truble getting up fr schl n Mnday mrning. Then yur whle sleep schedule just gets ut f 23 .
Dave Andersn
Like adults, sme teens may have a lt f 24 n their minds: “Oh, n! I still have s much wrk t d. If I dn’t get enugh sleep, I’ll fail my test tmrrw!”
If yu are ne f these teens, try keeping a diary. Write dwn what yu did tday and what yu plan t d tmrrw. Yu can als just write abut yur wrries. It can help yu get rid f them.
19．A．cmputerB．insuranceC．healthD．gardening
20．A．avidB．enjyC．finishD．keep
21．A．causeB．cmpareC．recgnizeD．reduce
22．A．n timeB．n weekendsC．at nnD．at wrk
23．A．cntrlB．dateC．trubleD．wrk
24．A．ambitinsB．experimentsC．plansD．wrries
五、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
The difference between needs and wants
It’s very easy t waste mney—even small purchases like stickers and snacks quickly add up. This makes it harder t save up fr the things that yu really want, but als means yu might run ut f mney. In that case, yu have t 25 what yu need, nt just what yu want.
What d yu need?
Peple ften 26 things that they need fr things that they want. Fr example, yu need t eat dinner, but that desn’t mean yu need takeaway pizza—yu just want it. Yu might hear grwn-ups talking abut hw they “need” a hliday, but this is smething they wuld 27 instead f smething they need t survive.
What d yu want?
Wants are items that wuld be nice t have, but yu can 28 them. Unlike needs, yur wants will change ver time. As a child yu might want a new bike, but when yu get a bit lder yu want a phne, new clthes, r even a car.
When yu have sme mney, it’s 29 that yu will spend it all n the things yu want. This isn’t a gd idea because there’s a risk yu wn’t have enugh mney left t pay fr things yu need.
Mindful spending
Unfrtunately, we can’t always have everything we want, at least nt right away. Therefre, it is imprtant t think twice abut whether yu 30 need smething right nw.
Getting int the habit f ding this nw will make it much easier t manage mney when yu’re grwn up.
Stp and think befre yu spend.
25．A．dream fB．pint atC．wrk utD．make up
26．A．prepareB．explreC．reachD．mistake
27．A．enjyB．trustC．believeD．prduce
28．A．depend nB．live withutC．prepare frD．reach fr
29．A．difficultB．safeC．likelyD．serius
30．A．safelyB．actuallyC．strictlyD．carefully
六、Chse the best answer and cmplete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文)
Thing t knw befre yu g ut in the cld
Keep yur 31 warm
There is a saying, "If yur hands and feet get cld, put n hat." A hat made f wl will keep yu warm even if it gets wet. The hd (兜帽) is great fr blcking the wind as lng as yu wear a hat underneath.
Drink up
In the summer, when yu feel thirsty, yu need t drink water. This isn't always the case in winter. When yu're wearing heavy winter clthes, yu have t wrk harder t build up a tent, ck dinner r 32 the wds. Yur bdy will lse a lt f water. S drink up.
Sleeping 33
Sleeping bags are rated (评估) that is suppsed t tell yu hw cld it can get while keeping yu warm. Spend the night in a fur-seasn tent in yur backyard when it's freezing utside. That way, if yu 34 at 2 a.m. that's t cld, yu can just mve inside and try again anther time. If yu wake up shivering in the middle f the night, add layers f clthing, drink warm liquids and ask fr help.
Eat right
Simple meals that need little preparatin are ften the mst 35 chices during winter. But nutritin(营养)is als necessary. Yur bdy needs healthy fd t prduce 36 . Chse meals with mre prtein and fat than what yu'd eat during warmer weather. Sme gd chices are ht cereal with fruit fr breakfast, peanut butter n crackers with ht sup fr lunch and meat with ndles, rice r ptates fr dinner.
31．A．handsB．headC．feetD．skin
32．A．walk thrughB．search frC．lk upD．put ut
33．A．lengthB．qualityC．systemsD．gals
34．A．surviveB．frgetC．cntrlD．realize
35．A．availableB．seriusC．difficultD．impssible
36．A．interestB．heatC．pleasureD．disease
YES! — Nature belngs t everyne
Nwadays it is imprtant fr peple t take a walk utdrs — fr their mental and physical health. It encurages peple and brings them 14 and relaxatin.
Yet this space is nt enugh and is nw surrunded by fences. T get clser t nature, mst peple have t travel fr miles. Everyne shuld be able t get clse t nature 15 . Blue sky, flying birds and green tree-lined paths shuld nt belng t any private rganizatin r persn. But the truth is that such a small number f peple wn such huge amunts f land. Amng every eight British huses, ne has n gardens. This isn’t 16 .
NO! — The walking paths are enugh
The land isn’t just fr peple’s enjyment r health. Fr many peple, it means family’s whle-year incme. 17 , farmers need fields t keep their animals, like sheep r bulls, fr a living. Als, it isn’t safe fr walkers t walk arund because the land may have many hidden 18 such as wetlands and snakes.
Mrever, walkers d nt always shw their respect. They leave gates pen, litter everywhere, scare ff birds and stand ver plants. In fact, many peple are nt really lking fr a cnnectin with the wild. They just want a shrt walk with the nice scenery. The gvernment shuld fcus n making paths fr walkers and leave the rest f the land alne.