【中考二轮】2024年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】（上海通用）热点04+语言学习及人际关系（阅读理解之简答题）-专练.zip

这是一份【中考二轮】2024年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】（上海通用）热点04+语言学习及人际关系（阅读理解之简答题）-专练.zip，文件包含热点04语言学习及人际关系阅读理解之简答题解析版docx、热点04语言学习及人际关系阅读理解之简答题原题版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。

“阅读简答题”，考查学生信息查找能力、语篇理解能力和归纳概括能力。要求学生在看懂文章的基础上给出的问题答案。要求学生要有很好的阅读理解和归纳总结的能力，并且能够根据所给题目准确找出解题依据，给出答案，注意细节。文体主要还是以记叙文为主，其他文体为辅。其中，问题类型的设置也是比较固定的。阅读提供的阅读材料一般内容浅显，题材多样，所命题旨在考查学生通过通读全文后能够理解其内容，关注问题中的特殊疑问词，带着问题读文章，然后回答文章后面的题目，同时考查学生语言表达的思想性与精确性。
任务型阅读的特点：（回答问题）
通常针对文中的5W和Hw—即wh, when, where, what, why,和hw(hw lng, hw far, hw fast…)。
what is /are 提问，>>>> 用“名词或名词性从句回答”
what d sb d 型提问>>>用“完整句子” 回答
When 提问>>>> 用“时间介词（in, n, at）+时间点” 回答 如 at 10 ’clck.
Wh 提问>>> 一般是”人名或有特征的人” 回答
Why 提问>>> 用“because + 具体原因“ 回答
Where 提问>>>用“介词+地方” 回答
Hw 提问>>> 一般用方式状语“介词+名词／动名词” 回答。 如：by car/ by taking a bus
Hw lng—- fr + 一段时间/ since +时间点
Hw much—- 问金钱，用数字+货币单位回答
Hw fast—- 3 meters per hur
其他情况记得用完整的句子回答问题。
【应试技巧】
1. 通读全文。做简答题的关键是要读懂原文，因此首先要通读全文、弄清楚段落大意及文章的中心意思以及作者的基本观点、态度，正确理解语境。
2. 按题查读。即根据问题去寻找答案。认真阅读问题，充分理解问题，准确理解所问的内容，确定需要在文章中查找的对象，避免答非所问。
3. 简练作答。在基本确定了每道题的回答内容之后，就要用简练、准确的英语表达出来。注意回答问题时要切中要点，不要画蛇添足。组织答案时，注意避免语言错误，如：时态、主谓一致、句子结构和拼写等。如需引用原文，要作适当改动，最好不要整句照搬.
4. 认真核查。完成所填的答案以后，再将原短文和补全后的短文或句子放在一起,审读一遍，上下对比参照，逐一检查所填的词是否符合原文主旨和细节，是否答非所问，是否仍存在语法、词汇拼写等错误，另外还有一点也要注意：如果对字数有要求, 是否符合要求。
5. 答案形式要符合提问方式。不同类型的问题要求有不同形式的回答，不能仅仅为了答案的简洁而忽略了问题与回答在形式上的对应。如原文中提问方式为“why”，那么就要用“because”引导的从句来回答。
一、根据短文内容回答下列问题。
Mr. Klarke wrks in an agricultural cllege. There he taught his students hw t keep the seeds and when t sw them and hw t lk after the plants. He knws much and makes his classes lively and interesting. S he is respected.
One day he was asked t give a talk in a twn. On his way there, smething was wrng with his car at a ft f a hill. He tried t repair it, but he failed and he had t climb up the hill and ask the villagers there fr help. It was very ht that day and sn he felt thirsty. He saw a lt f pear trees in a garden. And a yung man was picking them in it.
“I say, yung man!” said the ld man, “Culd yu give me sme pears, please?”
In fact the yung man was ne f his students and he recgnized him at nce. He wanted t have a jke with him. S he answered, “Of curse, sir. D yu want the ht nes r cld nes?”
It made Mr. Klarke feel strange. He thught t himself, “I’ve never heard f ht pears. Well, let me tell him I want sme ht nes.” And he said as he thught.
Having heard this, the yung man threw sme pears t the grund. Mr. Klarke picked them up, blew the dust ff them and ate them up.
“Yu said they were ht, but why were they cld?” asked the ld man.
“What did yu blw them fr, then, Mr. Klarke?” said the yung man with a smile.
1．Des Mr. Klarke d smething in the cllege?

2．Hw abut his classes?
They
3．He failed t repair his car, didn’t he?

4．Why did he climb up the hill?

5．What’s the Chinese meaning fr the underlined wrd “dust”?

6．Why did Mr. Klarke blw the pears? What d yu think f the yung man?

【答案】1．Yes. 2．They are lively and interesting. 3．Yes, he did. 4．Because he wanted t ask the villagers there fr help. 5．灰尘。 6．Because the pears were dirty. The yung man was s clever and naughty that he played a trick n Mr. Klarke.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克拉克先生和他的一个学生之间的幽默故事。
1．根据“Mr. Klarke wrks in an agricultural cllege. There he taught his students hw t keep the seeds and when t sw them and hw t lk after the plants.”可知，克拉克先生在一所农业学院教他的学生如何保存种子、何时播种以及如何照顾植物。故填Yes.
2．根据“He knws much and makes his classes lively and interesting.”可知，他知识渊博，他的课生动有趣。故填They are lively and interesting.
3．根据“He tried t repair it, but he failed and he had t climb up the hill and ask the villagers there fr help.”可知，他试图修理它，但他失败了，他不得不爬上小山，向那里的村民寻求帮助。故填Yes, he did.
4．根据“…he had t climb up the hill and ask the villagers there fr help.”可知，他爬上小山是因为他想向那里的村民寻求帮助。故填Because he wanted t ask the villagers there fr help.
5．根据“Having heard this, the yung man threw sme pears t the grund. Mr. Klarke picked them up, blew the dust ff them and ate them up.”可知，年轻人把梨子扔到地上，这样梨子表面上就粘上了地面上的灰尘，由此可推断“dust”意为“灰尘”。故填：灰尘。
6．根据语境可知，因为年轻人把梨子扔在了地上，梨子表面就粘上了灰尘，有点脏，克平克先生在吃梨子之前，就必须把梨子表面的灰尘吹掉。第二问，根据“In fact the yung man was ne f his students and he recgnized him at nce. He wanted t have a jke with him.”和“‘What did yu blw them fr, then, Mr. Klarke?’ said the yung man with a smile.”可知，年轻人认出了老师，但面对老师的求助，他竟然开起了玩笑，说明年轻人有点淘气；后来面对老师的询问为什么梨子不是热的时，学生能机智地回答：梨子不是热的，那你为什么要吹呢？故填Because they were dirty. The yung man was s clever and naughty that he played a trick n Mr. Klarke.
二、根据短文内容回答下列问题。
In the early days f histry, being a gd neighbr was very imprtant. Neighbrs helped ne anther set up huses and clear fields. Families depended n ne anther fr friendship and entertainment. But tday in ur cities and suburbs, friendly relatinship between neighbrs is nt s cmmn. A family may nt even knw the ther families that live next dr t them.
We live in an age f machines, and each family may have its wn car, TV set and washing machine. Peple n lnger depend n neighbrs as much as they nce did.
Machines keep peple apart in ther ways. In ur grandparent’s time, wmen met while they hung ut the washing. And men stpped and talked while they mw the lawns (割草). Tday, they cannt hear anything abve the nise f their pwer lawn mwers. And wmen d the husewrk inside with their electrical dryers, which help dry their clthes. Children are inside watching their favrite TV shws.
Is the idea f being a gd neighbr ld fashined? In 1965, a pwer cut hit New Yrk city. And many thusands f peple were left helpless. Suddenly, everyne shared the same prblem, and the largest city became a grup f 8 millin neighbrs. Peple with cars ffered rides t thse walking. Other peple helped direct traffic. In elevatrs, peple played wrd games and helped cheer each ther up. Times f truble, peple still depend n ne anther. As time ges n, peple may nce again feel that being a gd neighbr is imprtant.
7．What did neighbrs d t help each ther in the early days f histry?

8．Friendly relatinship between neighbrs is cmmn in ur cities and surburbs, isn’t it?

9．Why d peple n lnger depend n neighbrs as much as they nce did?

10．What d wmen use their electrical dryers t d?

11．Hw did the New Yrkers feel during the pwer cut in 1965?

12．What d yu think f being a gd neighbr? Why?

【答案】7．They built huses and cleared fields. 8．N, it isn’t. 9．Because they live in an age f machines./Because each family may have its wn car, TV set, and washing machine. 10．They use them t dry their clthes. 11．They felt helpless. 12．I think it’s still imprtant. Because gd neighbrs can always help each ther when they encunter difficulties, which reflects the traditinal virtues f the Chinese natin.
【分析】本文介绍了现在邻里之间的友好关系并不常见。因为人们生活在机器时代，每个家庭可以有自己的汽车，电视机和洗衣机，因此他们不再像以前那样依靠邻居。
7．根据“In early days f histry, being a gd neighbr was very imprtant. Neighbrs helped ne anther set up huses and clear fields.”可知，在历史早期，邻居们互相帮助盖房子，清理田地。故填They built huses and cleared fields.
8．根据“But tday in ur cities and suburbs, friendly relatinship between neighbrs is nt s cmmn.”可知，但今天邻里之间的友好关系并不常见，因此用否定回答，故填N, it isn’t.
9．根据“We live in an age f machines, and each family may have its wn car, TV set and washing machine. Peple n lnger depend n neighbrs as much as they nce did.”可知，因为人们生活在机器时代，每个家庭可以有自己的汽车，电视机和洗衣机，因此他们不再像以前那样依靠邻居，故填Because they live in an age f machines./Because each family may have its wn car, TV set, and washing machine.
10．根据“And wmen d the husewrk inside with their electrical dryers, which help dry their clthes.”可知，妇女用烘干机烘干衣服。故填They use them t dry their clthes.
11．根据“In 1965, a pwer cut hit New Yrk city. And many thusands f peple were left helpless.”可知，1965年，纽约市停电，成千上万的人无助。故填They felt helpless.
12．根据“Times f truble, peple still depend n ne anther. As time ges n, peple may nce again feel that being a gd neighbr is imprtant.”可知，我认为好邻居很重要，因为当他们遇到困难的时候，他们可以互相帮助，同时这也反映了中华民族的传统美德，故填I think it’s still imprtant. Because gd neighbrs can always help each ther when they encunter difficulties, which reflects the traditinal virtues f the Chinese natin.
三、根据短文内容回答下列问题。
While carrying yur schlbag n the way t schl r hme, des the heavy weight f yur bks make yu less interested t learn knwledge? Dn’t wrry. E-readers may help yu say gdbye t yur heavy schlbag.
An e-reader has the memry space t hld hundreds f bks. S peple want t replace heavy schlbags with small, light e-readers. Fr example, Cushing Academy, a high schl in Massachusetts, US, gt rid f mst f the 20,000 bks in its library last summer. The head f the library said that the schl was ging t replace printed bks with e-bks. Teachers and students will use e-readers instead.
Mst e-readers are thin and weigh less than 500g. They can dwnlad an e-bk within 60 secnds. “It’s s cnvenient. Yu can have s many bks right at yur fingertips!” said Meghan Chenausky, 16.
Chinese schlchildren are als trying e-readers. At the 2020 Shanghai Bk Fair, an e-schlbag was n shw. It is a special e-reader that students can use t dwnlad textbks frm the schl servers. It can als send and receive hmewrk.
Sme schls in Beijing and Shanghai have tried this e-schlbag fr a few years. “It’s excellent. I dn’t have t carry a heavy schlbag anymre,” said Xia Qi, 15, Beijing. “And it’s ec-friendly because it saves paper.”
New generatin e-readers have many functins (功能) besides reading, such as Wi-Fi and multimedia. Hwever, sme parents wrry that these functins may have a bad influence n their children’s study habits. “I think Wi-Fi is nt necessary fr kids,” says Zeng Wenwen, 43, Beijing.
13．Teachers and students in Cushing Academy used e-readers last summer, didn’t they?

14．Hw fast can e-readers dwnlad an e-bk?

15．What are mst e-readers like?

16．What are the uses f the special e-reader fr students?

17．Why des the student Xia Qi think the e-schlbag is excellent?

18．Explain the underlined sentence in the last paragraph in yur wn wrds.

【答案】13．N, they didn’t. 14．They can dwnlad an e-bk within 60 secnds. 15．Mst e-readers are thin and weigh less than 500g. 16．Students can dwnlad textbks frm the schl servers and send and receive hmewrk. 17．He desn’t have t carry a heavy schlbag anymre and it’s ec-friendly. 18．Sme parents think that the entertainment functins f e-readers are nt gd fr students’ study habits.
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电子阅读器的优点和人们对电子阅读器的看法。
13．根据“Fr example, Cushing Academy, a high schl in Massachusetts, US, gt rid f mst f the 20,000 bks in its library last summer.”和“Teachers and students will use e-readers instead.”可知，这所高中去年夏天只是处理掉了图书馆里的大部分图书，还未开始使用电子阅读器。故填N, they didn’t.
14．根据“They can dwnlad an e-bk within 60 secnds.”可知，电子阅读器可以在60秒内下载一本电子书。故填They can dwnlad an e-bk within 60 secnds.
15．根据“Mst e-readers are thin and weigh less than 500g.”可知，大多数电子阅读器外观都很薄，重量不到500克。故填Mst e-readers are thin and weigh less than 500g.
16．根据“It is a special e-reader that students can use t dwnlad textbks frm the schl servers. It can als send and receive hmewrk.”可知，学生专用的电子阅读器可以从学校服务器上下载课本，还可以收发作业。故填Students can dwnlad textbks frm the schl servers and send and receive hmewrk.
17．根据“It’s excellent. I dn’t have t carry a heavy schlbag anymre.”和“And it’s ec-friendly because it saves paper.”可知，小齐认为电子阅读器非常好是因为他不用背着沉重的书包了，并且电子阅读器很环保，可以节省纸张。故填He desn’t have t carry a heavy schlbag anymre and it’s ec-friendly.
18．根据“sme parents wrry that these functins may have a bad influence n their children’s study habits.”可知，一些家长担心多媒体和WIFI功能会对孩子的学习习惯产生不良影响，即一些父母认为电子阅读器的娱乐功能对学习没有好处。故填Sme parents think that the entertainment functins f e-readers are nt gd fr students’ study habits.
四、根据短文内容回答下列问题。
①One night, I was sitting in my kitchen half-listening as my 12-year-ld sn, Kevin fught with his brther Tmmy. I didn't pay attentin when Kevin went upstairs with a lk f hurt n his face.
②Abut 20 minutes later, as I was walking upstairs I heard Kevin crying inside the bathrm. I kncked n the dr and asked, “Kevin, d yu want a talk?” N answer. I tried again. Still nthing happened.
③S, I tk a piece f paper frm a ntepad and wrte, “If yu dn’t want t talk, we can write ntes t each ther.” and slipped(滑动) it under the dr.
④An hur later, I was still sitting utside the bathrm with tw piles(堆) f cards in frnt f me. They are cards frm Kevin n which he had put all his unpleasant feelings int wrds fr me. As I read ne f Kevin’s ntes, I culdn’t help crying. One f Kevin’s ntes said, “Nbdy in this family cares abut me. I am nt the yungest, and I am nt the ldest, and I am nt the smartest. Tmmy thinks that I am t weak and Dad wishes he had anther Kevin as a kid because he’s better at basketball. And yu’re never arund t even ntice me.”
⑤He was right abut my part. Feeling srry fr him, I wrte back, “Kevin, I d lve yu and I am here fr yu and yu are lved in this family.” He didn’t reply fr a while, but I culd hear him crying sftly. Kevin ran ut f paper, s he wrte “Thanks” n a paper cup. I wrte back “Fr what?” It was returned t me with the reply “Lving me” written n it.
⑥Since then, I have tried my best t care abut my family members. When ne f us ntices that the ther is unhappy, we’ll smile and say, “Write it n a paper cup”.
19．What was the age f Kevin when the fight happened?

20．Hw did Kevin and his mther talk?

21．What did Kevin write n the paper?

22．In paragraph⑤, what des the underlined wrds “my part” refer t?
It refers t the fact that
23．Why did Kevin write n a paper cup at last?

24．What des the writer and his family mean by saying “Write it n a paper cup”?

【答案】19．He is 12/twelve years ld. 20．By writing smething n the ntes. 21．He wrte all his unpleasant feelings. 22．I was never arund t even ntice Kevin. 23．Because he ran ut f paper.
24．They mean that true feelings and thughts shuld be knwn by thers when sme cnflicts happen .
【导语】本文主要讲述了一位母亲和孩子之间的一次独特的交流。
19．根据“One night, I was sitting in my kitchen half-listening as my 12-year-ld sn, Kevin fught with his brther Tmmy”可知凯文当时12岁。故填He is 12/twelve years ld.
20．根据“If yu dn’t want t talk, we can write ntes t each ther.”可知凯文和妈妈用纸条写字来交流。故填By writing smething n the ntes.
21．根据“They are cards frm Kevin n which he had put all his unpleasant feelings int wrds fr me. ”可知他把他所有不愉快的感觉都写了下来。故填He wrte all his unpleasant feelings.
22．根据“Tmmy thinks that I am t weak and Dad wishes he had anther Kevin as a kid because he’s better at basketball. And yu’re never arund t even ntice me”（汤米认为我太弱了，爸爸希望他小时候有另一个凯文，因为他篮球打得更好。而你却从来没注意过我）以及“He was right abut my part. Feeling srry fr him”可知凯文说的很对，作者的确没有注意过他。故填I was never arund t even ntice Kevin.
23．根据“Kevin ran ut f paper, s he wrte ‘Thanks’ n a paper cup”可知是因为凯文的纸用完了，所以在纸杯上写。故填Because he ran ut f paper.
24．根据“Since then, I have tried my best t care abut my family members. When ne f us ntices that the ther is unhappy, we’ll smile and say, ‘Write it n a paper cup’.”（ 从那以后，我一直尽力关心我的家人。当我们中的一个人注意到另一个人不开心时，我们会微笑着说：“把它写在纸杯上”。）可知“把它写在纸杯上”的意思是，当一些冲突发生时，真实的感情和想法应该被别人知道。故填They mean that true feelings and thughts shuld be knwn by thers when sme cnflicts happen.
五、根据短文内容回答下列问题。
Drama and the perfrming arts are excellent methds f building cnfidence in children and adults alike. Learning thrugh drama allws children t explre their creativity, have fun and leave their shyness and wrries behind. Drama als wrks by supprting the grwth f imaginatin and ther skills.
Entertainment has becme rather passive with cinema, televisin, and cmputer games becming mre ppular. These screen-based methds have had a negative effect n cmmunicatin. Hwever, drama puts the “get-up-and-g” back int entertainment. Children have the pprtunity t cnnect with thers in a mre meaningful way as drama encurages speech develpment and awareness f bdy language.
Play and drama are clsely linked. When children play a game, they are pretending and using their imaginatin and s are mving away frm reality t create their wn stry. Drama is a vehicle thrugh which children can express themselves mre freely thrugh mime (哑剧表演), gesture, mvement, and speech t make educatin fun.
Children gain cnfidence by understanding that there is n final answer in drama and that their pinin and actins are valued. Children are able t give a persnal respnse t many issues and situatins such as pverty, bullying, glbal warming and recycling. The issues that drama can deal with are endless. Drama and educatin have a strng link as drama can encurage children t take an active interest in ther subjects such as gegraphy, histry, and English and s have a mre runded educatin. As a drama teacher, I have witnessed children at their first class hlding nt their parent’s arm——unwilling t let g. Then t see the same child later running int my class with a smile is an excellent sight. Drama installs cnfidence in children by allwing them t imprvise (即兴创作) and experiment. Everyne is given the pprtunity t shine within drama.
25．Can learning thrugh drama help children leave their shyness and wrries behind?

26．What d thse screen-based methds have a negative effect n?

27．Why des drama let children cnnect with thers in a mre meaningful way?

28．What d children think they can d in a play r a drama?
They can .
29．What des the underlined wrd “valued” (in the last paragraph) mst prbably mean?
.
30．Are children interested in drama classes? Hw d yu knw?

【答案】25．Yes, it can. 26．Thse screen-based methds have a negative effect n cmmunicatin. 27．Because drama encurages speech develpment and awareness f bdy language. 28．express themselves mre freely thrugh mime, gesture, mvement, and speech t make educatin fun. 29．有价值的。 30．Yes, they are.; By the smile when the child runs int the class.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍戏剧对孩子教育的意义。
25．根据“Learning thrugh drama allws children t explre their creativity, have fun and leave their shyness and wrries behind.”可知，学习戏剧可以帮助孩子们摆脱害羞和焦虑。故填Yes, it can.
26．根据“These screen-based methds have had a negative effect n cmmunicatin.”可知，基于屏幕的方法对沟通会产生消极的影响。故填Thse screen-based methds have a negative effect n cmmunicatin.
27．根据“Children have the pprtunity t cnnect with thers in a mre meaningful way as drama encurages speech develpment and awareness f bdy language.”可知，因为戏剧可以促进语言发展和提高肢体语言意识。故填Because drama encurages speech develpment and awareness f bdy language.
28．根据“Drama is a vehicle thrugh which children can express themselves mre freely thrugh mime, gesture, mvement, and speech t make educatin fun.”可知，孩子们可以通过哑剧表演、手势、动作以及言语自由地表达自己，让教育充满趣味。故填express themselves mre freely thrugh mime, gesture, mvement, and speech t make educatin fun.
29．根据“Children are able t give a persnal respnse t many issues and situatins such as pverty, bullying, glbal warming and recycling.”可知，孩子们能够就很多问题发表自己的见解；进而可以推出，此处valued应译为“有价值的”。故填：有价值的。
30．根据“Then t see the same child later running int my class with a smile is an excellent sight”可知，孩子们对戏剧感兴趣，因为孩子们跑进教室的时候面带微笑。故填Yes, they are.; By the smile when the child runs int the class.
六、根据短文内容回答下列问题。
Sme peple bring ut the best in yu in a way that yu might never have fully realized n yur wn. My mm was ne f thse peple.
My father died when I was nine mnths ld, making my mm a single mther at the age f eighteen. While I was grwing up, we lived a very hard life. We had little mney, but my mm gave me a lt f lve. Each night, she sat me n her lap and spke the wrds that wuld change my life, “Kemmns, yu are certain t be a great man and yu can d anything in life if yu wrk hard enugh t get it.” At furteen, I was hit by a car and the dctrs said I wuld never walk again. Every day, my mther spke t me in her gentle, lving vice, telling me that n matter what thse dctrs said, I culd walk again as lng as I insisted n practicing walking. She drve that message s deep int my heart that I finally believed her. A year later, I returned t schl—walking n my wn!
When the Great Depressin hit, my mm lst her jb. Then I left schl t supprt the bth f us. At that mment, I was determined never t be pr again.
Over the years, I experienced varius levels f business success. But the real turning pint happened n a vacatin I tk with my wife and five kids in 1951. I was dissatisfied with the secnd-class htels available fr families and was angry that they charged an extra $2 fr each child. That was t expensive fr the average American family. I tld my wife that I was ging t pen a mtel (汽车旅馆) fr families that wuld never charge extra fr children. Nt surprisingly, mm was ne f my strngest supprters. She wrked behind the desk and even designed the rm style. As in any business, we experienced a lt f challenges. But with my mther’s wrds deeply rted in my sul, I never dubted we wuld succeed. Fifteen years later, we had the largest htel system in the wrld—Hliday Inn. In 1979, my cmpany had 1,759 inns in mre than fifty cuntries with an incme f $ 1 billin a year.
Yu may nt have started ut life in the best situatin. But if yu can find a task in life wrth wrking fr and believe in yurself, nthing can stp yu.
31．What happened when Kemmns’s mther was eighteen?

32．Did Kemmns and his mther live a happy life when he was nine mnths ld?

33．Hw did Kemmns’s mther spke t her sn after he was hit by a car?

34．When did the real turning pint cause Kemmns t start a mtel by himself?

35．Which answer can be described Kemmns’ s mther best, please chse A, B, C r D and give ne reasn.
A．Kind, helpful, and hard-wrking. B．Lving, supprtive and strng-willed.
C． Careful, helpful and beautiful. D．Strict, plite and supprtive.

36．What d yu think f Kemmns’s success? Why?

【答案】31．Kemmns’s father died./Her husband died. 32．N, they didn’t. 33．She spke t her sn in her gentle, lving vice, telling him that n matter what thse dctrs said.
34．On a vacatin/hliday (he tk) with his wife and five kids in 1951. 35．I chse B, because mm was ne f my strngest supprters./Mther’s wrd deeply rted in my sul. 36．Mm’s encuragement, clear gals, self-cnfidence and hard wrk makes him succeed.
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在母亲的呵护和鼓励下，努力成长并获得成功的故事。
31．根据“My father died when I was nine mnths ld, making my mm a single mther at the age f eighteen.”可知，在母亲十八岁时，作者的父亲去世了。故填Kemmns’s father died./Her husband died.
32．根据“My father died when I was nine mnths ld, making my mm a single mther at the age f eighteen. While I was grwing up, we lived a very hard life.”可知，在作者九个月大时，他的父亲过世了，他和母亲过着艰难的生活。故填N, they didn’t.
33．根据“Every day, my mther spke t me in her gentle, lving vice, telling me that n matter what thse dctrs said, I culd walk again as lng as I insisted n practicing walking.”可知，在作者车祸后，母亲用温柔有爱的声音对他说，无论医生说什么，只要你坚持练习就能够走路。故填She spke t her sn in her gentle, lving vice, telling him that n matter what thse dctrs said.
34．根据“But the real turning pint happened n a vacatin I tk with my wife and five kids in 1951.”可知，真正的转折点发生在1951年，我与妻子和五个孩子一起度假的时候。故填On a vacatin/hliday (he tk) with his wife and five kids in 1951.
35．根据“We had little mney, but my mm gave me a lt f lve... Every day, my mther spke t me in her gentle, lving vice, telling me that n matter what thse dctrs said, I culd walk again as lng as I insisted n practicing walking. She drve that message s deep int my heart that I finally believed her.”及“Nt surprisingly, mm was ne f my strngest with my mther’s wrds deeply rted in my sul, I never dubted we wuld succeed.”可知，妈妈是一位有爱心，总是支持我和有着坚强的意志的人。故填I chse B, because mm was ne f my strngest supprters./Mther’s wrd deeply rted in my sul.
36．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Mm’s encuragement, clear gals, self-cnfidence and hard wrk makes him succeed.
一、Answer the questins（根据短文内容回答下列问题）
Have yu ever wndered what ges thrugh yur mind when yu chse where t sit in a new classrm? Or in a waiting rm full f strangers? Or n a bus? Researchers have fund ut sme interesting facts.
Perhaps unsurprisingly, we prefer t sit clser t peple like urselves. Girls sit by girls and bys sit by bys. Adults sit tgether and yung peple chse anther yung persn t sit near. But it ges further than this. We even chse t sit near smene wh lks like us. Peple with glasses are mre likely t sit near ther peple with glasses. Peple with lng hair sit clser t ther peple with lng hair.
We seem t believe that peple with similar habits r hbbies will share similar attitude and we are mre likely t be accepted by peple like urselves r even, we think we may be safer with peple wh lk like us. Smetimes that’s true but it’s a pity if we always stick t the same peple, the same grup. The danger in always staying in ur cmfrt zne is that we just recycle the same pinins, the same tastes and the same ideas. We lse the chance t ______________.
When we always stick t the same peple, hw can we ever break dwn the barriers which prevent us frm getting t knw peple with different ideas? And hw can we avid the ignrance (无知), which t ften lead t prejudice (偏见) and even fear? If instead yu want t live in a sciety that pens t changes and new things and different pinins, be the cat amng the pigens.
Mve ut f yur cmfrt zne. G and sit next t smene different. And dn’t just sit there in silence. Say hell. Ask a questin. Start a cnversatin. That’s hw we make friends. That’s hw we learn abut peple. That’s hw we pen ur minds t new ideas. That’s hw we live an exciting life.
1．What kind f persn d we prefer t sit clser t?

2．It is believed that a persn is mre likely t be accepted by peple like himself, isn’t it?

3．Why d sme peple always recycle the same pinins, the same tastes and the same ideas?

4．Accrding t Paragraph 4, which ne des the writer encurage yu t be, the cat r the pigens?

5．Accrding t Paragraph 5, what kind f peple can live an exciting life?

6．Cmplete the sentence in Paragraph 3 accrding t the cntext. (at least three pints)
We lse the chance t and .
【答案】1．We chse t sit near smene wh lks like us. 2．Yes, it is. 3．Because they believe that peple with similar habits r hbbies will share similar attitudes and they may be safer with them. 4．The cat. 5．The peple wh can mve ut their cmfrt zne. 6． learn smething new find ut abut interesting things hear funny stries and discver difference
【导语】本文主要内容是我们经常和熟悉的人坐在一起，文章最后鼓励大家要和不熟悉的人坐在一起。
1．根据“Perhaps unsurprisingly, we prefer t sit clser t peple like urselves.”可知，我们选择坐在长得像我们的人身边。故填We chse t sit near smene wh lks like us.
2．根据“We even chse t sit near smene wh lks like us. Peple with glasses are mre likely t sit near ther peple with glasses. Peple with lng hair sit clser t ther peple with lng hair.”可知，这里的答案是肯定的。故填Yes, it is.
3．根据“We seem t believe that peple with similar habits r hbbies will share similar attitude and we are mre likely t be accepted by peple like urselves r even, we think we may be safer with peple wh lk like us.”可知，因为他们相信，有相似习惯或爱好的人会有相似的态度，与他们在一起可能会更安全。故填Because they believe that peple with similar habits r hbbies will share similar attitudes and they may be safer with them.
4．根据“If instead yu want t live in a sciety that pens t changes and new things and different pinins, be the cat amng the pigens.”可知，作者鼓励我们成为猫。故填The cat.
5．根据“Mve ut f yur cmfrt zne.”可知，能够搬出舒适区的人，能过上令人兴奋的生活。故填The peple wh can mve ut their cmfrt zne.
6．根据“The danger in always staying in ur cmfrt zne is that we just recycle the same pinins, the same tastes and the same ideas.”可知，我们就失去了学习新东西、了解有趣的事情、听有趣的故事，发现差异的机会。故填t learn smething new；find ut abut interesting things；hear funny stries and discver difference。
二、Answer the questins（根据短文内容回答下列问题）
Hw will gegraphy affect yur life? Fr sme children arund the wrld, the envirnment they grw up in has a huge effect n their lives. This is the case in Madagascar, an island cuntry in Africa, where a 3D-printed schl is nw being built.
Maggie Grut was just 15 years ld when she set up a nn-prfit rganizatin-Thinking Huts. Nw 22, she is raising mney t build a series f 3D-printed schl pwered by slar energy. She led the whle prcess frm start t finish, wrking with university prfessrs. They chse Madagascar because it needs mre schls. Many children in that cuntry dn’t have the chance t have access t educatin. Besides, it has a lt f sunshine, which can be made int energy t pwer things.
Maggie then drew a design fr the schl. She thught abut what the peple might need and where they wrked best.
Next, Maggie fund an architect and 3D printing cmpany fr the jb. T make it envirnmentally friendly, they use a special 3D printer t build the schl. It meant up t 50 percent less cncrete (混凝土) used and less CO2. Plus, the schl culd be cmpleted in just a week. They als used lcal materials t build the drs, windws and rf.
What’s mre, Thinking Huts trained lcal wrkers t use a 3D printer s that they culd build mre schls n their wn in the future. Maggie plans t print mre new schls in ther parts f Madagascar because ne in five children dn’t have the chance t attend primary schl there.
S far, Gruts charity has already raised $125,000. “It’s nt s bad t me! Of curse, we need mre.” Maggie tld Spring wise website.
7．When did Maggie Grut set up Thinking Huts?

8．What kind f energy did Maggie’s 3D-printed schls use?

9．Why did Maggie build the 3D-printed schls in Madagascar first?

10．Hw did the 3D printing firm make its wrk envirnmentally friendly?

11．Thinking Huts trained lcal wrkers t use a 3D printer, didn’t it?

12．What wuld yu like t d t supprt Thinking Huts ? Shw yur reasns

【答案】7．At the age f 15. 8．Slar energy. 9．Because it needs mre schls. 10．They use a special 3D printer t build the schl and they als used lcal materials t build the drs, windws and rf. 11．Yes, it did. 12．I will g ut n the street with my classmates and hand ut fliers t call n them t dnate t this rganizatin.（答案合理即可）
【导语】本文主要讲述了Maggie Grut成立了一个非盈利的机构——Thinking Huts，这个机构建造一系列由太阳能供电的3d打印学校，可以帮助那些没有机会上学的孩子们接受教育。
7．根据“Maggie Grut was just 15 years ld when she set up a nn-prfit rganizatin-Thinking Huts.”可知，在她15岁的时候成立了这个机构，故填At the age f 15.
8．根据“Nw 22, she is raising mney t build a series f 3D-printed schl pwered by slar energy.”可知，使用的是太阳能，故填Slar energy.
9．根据“They chse Madagascar because it needs mre schls”可知，因为它需要更多的学校，故填Because it needs mre schls.
10．根据“T make it envirnmentally friendly, they use a special 3D printer t build the schl. … They als used lcal materials t build the drs, windws and rf.”可知，使用了一种特殊的3D打印机来建造学校，还使用当地的材料建造门、窗和屋顶，故填They use a special 3D printer t build the schl and they als used lcal materials t build the drs, windws and rf.
11．根据“What’s mre, Thinking Huts trained lcal wrkers t use a 3D printer s that they culd build mre schls n their wn in the future.”可知，培训当地工人使用3D打印机，故填Yes, it did.
12．开放性题，答案合理即可。参考答案为：I will g ut n the street with my classmates and hand ut fliers t call n them t dnate t this rganizatin.
三、Answer the questins. (根据短文内容回答下列问题)
It was abut 2:00 am. I was driving my taxi n the way t pick up a passenger. When I arrived t cllect, I fund the building was dark. I just saw a single light in a grund flr windw, I walked t the dr and kncked, “Just a minute,” answered a weak, elderly vice.
After a lng silence, the dr pened and a small wman in her eighties std befre me. She has a small suitcase beside her. I tk the suitcase t the car, and then returned t help her. She tk my arm and walked slwly tward the car. She kept thanking me fr my kindness.
“It’s nthing,” I tld her. “I just try t treat my passengers the way I wuld want my mther treated.”
“Oh, yu’re such a gd yung man.” She said. When we gt int the taxi, she gave me an address, and then asked, “Culd yu drive thrugh city center?”
“It’s nt the shrtest way.” I answered immediately.
“Oh, I’m familiar with the city. And I’m in n hurry.” she said. “I’m n my way t a hspice(临终医院). I dn’t have any family left. The dctr says I dn’t have very lng. It wuld be the last time fr me t travel arund the city...”
I quietly reached ver and shut ff the meter(计价器). Fr the next tw hurs, we drve thrugh the city. She shwed me the building where she had nce wrked as a lift peratr and the neighbrhd where she had lived in. And she als tld me t park in frnt f a furniture shp that nce had been a ball rm. She had gne dancing there as a girl.
Smetimes she’d ask me t slw dwn in frnt f a particular building. She just sat and stared int the darkness, saying nthing. At dawn(黎明), she suddenly said, “I’m tired. Let’s g nw.”
We drve in silence t the address she had given me. “Hw much shall I pay yu?” she asked, “Nthing.” I replied.
“Yu have t make a living,” she answered. “Oh, there are ther passengers,” I said.
Almst withut thinking, I gave her a hug. She held nt me tightly with tears. Our hug ended with her wrds, “ 6 ”
13．What jb did the writer d?

14．Hw ld was the small wman?

15．Why did the small wman chse t ride thrugh the city?

16．Hw lng did the traveling last that night?

17．Hw did the small wman feel after the writer gave her a hug?

18．What can be filled in the blank? (N mre than 15 wrds)

【答案】13．The writer is a taxi driver. 14．She was ver eighty. 15．Because she wanted t see sme places in the city fr the last time. 16．2 hurs. 17．The ld wman felt very mved and excited. 18．Yu gave an ld wman a little mment f jy./Yur kindnesses have brught me the last sunshine.
【导语】本文介绍了一个出租车司机接到一个特别的乘客——要去临终医院的老人，载着她最后绕着城市看看她之前熟悉的地方。最后司机没有收取费用并且给老人拥抱。
13．根据“I was driving my taxi n the way t pick up a passenger.”可知作者是一个出租车司机。故填The writer is a taxi driver.
14．根据“a small wman in her eighties std befre me.”可知，这个老人有八十多岁。故填She was ver eighty.
15．根据“The dctr says I dn’t have very lng. It wuld be the last time fr me t travel arund the city”可知，老人想要最后看看她年轻时熟悉的地方。故填Because she wanted t see sme places in the city fr the last time.
16．根据“Fr the next tw hurs, we drve thrugh the city.”可知，作者载着老人绕城大概2小时。故填2 hurs.
17．根据“Almst withut thinking, I gave her a hug. She held nt me tightly with tears.”（几乎没多想，我给她一个拥抱，她眼含泪水紧紧地拥抱我）可知， 此时老人被作者的善良感动到，并且很激动到流泪。故填The ld wman felt very mved and excited.
18．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。本文是出租车司机没有收老人任何费用，很善良，使得老人感到很欣慰。参考答案为：Yu gave an ld wman a little mment f jy./Yur kindnesses have brught me the last sunshine.
四、Answer the questins（根据短文内容回答下列问题）
A warmer winter fr “Ice By”
A pht shwing a by with icy hair nce drew wide attentin n scial media in 2018. In that pht, a by’s hair has turned icy white, as well as his eyebrws and eyelashes, and his face is red. The 9-year-ld schlby, Wang Fuman, was then nicknamed “Ice By”. Living with his sister and grandmther, he had t walk nearly 5 kilmeters in the snw t attend schl. His father wrked away frm hme and his mther had left the family. After the pht was taken and released nline by his teacher, the by’s stry tuched many peple. One web user cmmented, “By, all that yu suffer nw will light yur way in the future!”
Later, as scial attentin increased, Wang’s life has greatly imprved. Having learned abut the stry f her sn, his mther immediately returned t reunite (团聚) with her sn. And Wang’s father als received a new jb as a cnstructin wrker, with much higher pay. The family has mved t a new huse, which is als abut 10 minute-walk t schl.
The lcal gvernment and charities als ffered mney t the schl fr recnstructin. Nw, nt nly can students learn in mdern labs, thse wh live far can als sleep in the newly-built drm (宿舍楼).
Mre imprtantly, beynd Wang and his family, many ther ice bys and girls have benefited frm China’s pverty alleviatin (扶贫) effrts in the past years.
“I’m thankful t all thse warmhearted peple wh’ve helped us. I’ll study hard t pay back their supprt,” the yung by said, with a smile n his red face.
19．The by was called “Ice By” because he sld ice-cream, wasn’t he?

20．Wh tk and released the pht f Wang?

21．What did Wang’s mther d n knwing the stry f her sn?

22．Hw lng des it take Wang t walk t schl nw?

23．What can students d after the schl was recnstructed?
They can . (Answer in n mre than 10 wrds)
24．The authr mentined Wang’ red face twice in the stry. What d they shw? The “red face” in Paragraph 1 shws . The “red face” in Paragraph 6 shws .
【答案】19．N, he wasn’t. 20．His teacher. 21．She immediately returned t reunite with her sn. 22．Ten/10 minutes. 23．learn in mdern labs and sleep in the newly-built drm 24． Wang’s hard time hpe fr a new life
【导语】本文讲述了“冰花男孩”过去和现在的学习生活的变化。
19．根据“In that pht, a by’s hair has turned icy white, as well as his eyebrws and eyelashes, and his face is red. The 9-year-ld schlby, Wang Fuman, was then nicknamed ‘Ice By’.”可知，因为男孩头发上都是冰花，所以被成为“冰花男孩”，此处使用否定回答。故填N, he wasn’t.
20．根据“After the pht was taken and released nline by his teacher”可知，他的老师拍摄他的照片并在网上发布。故填His teacher.
21．根据“Having learned abut the stry f her sn, his mther immediately returned t reunite (团聚) with her sn”可知，他的母亲立即回来与儿子团聚。故填She immediately returned t reunite with her sn.
22．根据“The family has mved t a new huse, which is als abut 10 minute-walk t schl”可知，这家人搬进了一所新房子，步行大约10分钟就能到学校。故填Ten/10 minutes.
23．根据“Nw, nt nly can students learn in mdern labs, thse wh live afar can als sleep in the newly-built drm (宿舍楼)”可知，学生可以在现代实验室学习也可以睡在新建的宿舍里。故填learn in mdern labs and sleep in the newly-built drm。
24．根据“In that pht, a by’s hair has turned icy white, as well as his eyebrws and eyelashes, and his face is red”可知，照片里的男孩头发、眉毛和睫毛上都是冰花，说明他生活很艰难，此处“red face”指的是他经历的艰难时期；根据“‘I’m thankful t all thse warmhearted peple wh’ve helped us. I’ll study hard t pay back their supprt,’ the yung by said, with a smile n his red face.”可知，男孩对帮助过他的热心人士表示感谢，脸上充满微笑，并且表达了自己的愿望，此处“red face”指的是对新生活的希望。故填Wang’s hard time；hpe fr a new life。
五、Answer the questins（根据短文内容回答下列问题）
The wrd “chicken” is used in s many English idims. D yu knw the fllwing?
Dn’t cunt yur chickens befre they are hatched.
Literally (从字面上看), the expressin “Dn’t cunt yur chickens befre they are hatched.” means “Dn’t expect that all yur eggs, which have been laid, will be hatched.” “Hatch” is a verb which refers t the baby chicken breaking pen the shell f the egg and cming ut, s the expressin, therefre, means “Dn’t rely n things wrking ut just as yu want them t.” This saying ccurs in the stry “The Milkmaid and Her Pail” (《挤牛奶的姑娘》) in Aesp’s Falies (《伊索寓言》).
A chicken-and-egg situatin
Thrughut histry, philsphers and scientists have faced this dilemma: Which came first, the chicken r the egg? Aristtle (亚里士多德) cncluded that bth the bird and the egg must have always existed. Hwever, mre recently, scientists such as Stephen Hawking (史蒂芬•霍金) have argued that the egg came befre the chicken. In cmmn speech, the idim “a chicken-and-egg situatin” refers t a situatin where it is impssible t say which f the tw things existed first and which caused the ther ne.
Dn’t be such a chick.
There seems t be an idea in English, smehw, that a chicken is a scared and cwardly (懦弱的) bird. Maybe that’s nt fair as mst birds will prbably fly away frm yu if yu g twards them. But “Dn’t be such a chick.” means “Dn’t be scared and get a bit mre curage.” It’s quite a negative (负面的) meaning when yu say this.
25．What des the jdim “Dn’t cunt yur chickens befre they are hatched.” mean?

26．In which bk des the idim “Dn’t cunt yur chickens befre they are hatched.” ccur?

27．What has been the “dilemma” thrughut histry?

28．What kind f situatin means “a chicken-and-egg situatin”?

29．Accrding t the last idim, what seems t be the cmmn idea abut chicken?

30．Can yu use the idim “Dn’t be such a chick.” t encurage yur classmates? Why r why nt?

【答案】25．Dn’t rely n things wrking ut just as yu want them t. 26．“The Milkmaid and Her Pail” in Aesp’s Fables. 27．Which came first, the chicken r the egg? 28．A situatin where it is impssible t say which f the tw things existed first and which caused the ther ne. 29．A scared and cwardly bird 30．N. Because it has quite a negative meaning.
【分析】这是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要介绍在很多英语习语中使用chicken这个词，作者列举了三个例子，解释了在不同的习语中chicken这个词的不同意思。
25．这句俚语的字面意思是“在蛋孵出鸡之前，不要急于数。”译为“不要过早乐观”。答案在第二段倒数第二句中直接能找到。故填：Dn’t rely n things wrking ut just as yu want them t。
26．根据“This saying ccurs in the stry “The Milkmaid and Her Pail” (《挤牛奶的姑娘》) in Aesp’s Falies (《伊索寓言》). 这句话发生在伊索的“挤牛奶的姑娘”中的故事“伊索寓言”中。”，故填：“The Milkmaid and Her Pail” in Aesp’s Fables。
27．根据“Thrughut histry, philsphers and scientists have faced this dilemma: Which came first, the chicken r the egg? 纵观历史。哲学家和科学家都面临着这样的两难境地：鸡和蛋哪一个先来？”，故填：Which came first, the chicken r the egg?
28．根据“In cmmn speech, the idim “a chicken-and-egg situatin” refers t a situatin where it is impssible t say which f the tw things existed first and which caused the ther ne. 在俗语中，成语“鸡和蛋的情况”是指不可能说出这两件事中哪一件先存在，哪一件引起了另一件事的情况。”故填：A situatin where it is impssible t say which f the tw things existed first and which caused the ther ne。
29．根据“There seems t be an idea in English, smehw, that a chicken is a scared and cwardly bird. 在英语中似乎有一种想法，不知何故，鸡是一种害怕和懦弱的鸟”，故填：A scared and cwardly bird。
30．题目意思为“是否可以用这个俚语来鼓励你的同学?”从后文negative一词可知，这个俚语带有义，没有激励他人的作用。故填：N. Because it has quite a negative meaning。