湖南省永州市2021年中考英语试题（含解析）

这是一份湖南省永州市2021年中考英语试题（含解析），共23页。

第一节 (共5分，每小题1分) 听下面五段材料，每段材料后各有1个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
1. What is Grace ding nw?
2. What’s the mater with the wman?
3. What des Alice d after schl?
4. Where is the watch made?
5. Hw des Kate g t schl?
第二节 (共15分，每小题1分) 听下面六段材料，每段材料后各有几个小题，从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选顶中选出最佳答案，井标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
听第一段材料，回答第6~7小题。
6. Where des the man want t g?
A. A bank. B. A htel. C. A supermarket.
7. Hw far is it frm here t the destinatin (目的地)?
A. Abut 4 kilmeters. B. Abut 4 kilmeters. C. Abut 6 kilmeters.
听第二段材料，回答第8~9小题。
8. What kind f music des Jane lk like?
A. Pp. B. Rck. C. Cuntry.
9. When shall they meet?
A. At 2:00 p.m. B. At 2:30 p.m. C. At 3:00 p.m.
听第三段材料，回答第10~11小题。
10. What des the man want t buy?
A. Shirts. B. Cats. C. Skirts.
11. Hw much will the wman pay fr the gifts?
A. 20 dllars. B. 35 dllars. C. 40 dllars.
听第四段材料，回答第12~14小题。
12. Hw was the weather n Saturday?
A. Sunny. B. Cludy. C. Rainy.
13. What did Mary d n Sunday afternn?
A. She visited her grandparents.
B. She played with her brther.
C. She vlunteered in an ld peple’s hme.
14. What did Mike think was the mst delicius?
A. Salad B. Cake. C. Ppcrn.
听第五段材料，回答第15~17小题。
15. What subjects shuld Lucy study hard?
A. Math and science. B. Medicine and chemistry. C. Math and chemistry.
16. What des Bb want t be?
A. An inventr. B. A dctr. C. A teacher.
17. What des Bb think f medicine?
A. Different. B. Fun. C. Easy.
听第六段材料，回答第18~20小题。
18. Hw des reading make us feel?
A. Happy. B. Tired. C. Bred
19. Why may gd readers becme gd writers?
A. Because they can read a bk anywhere.
B. Because their schlwrk may becme better.
C. Because they may have mre things t write abut.
20. What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. Reading is a gd hbby. B. Reading is Fun. C. Hw t read faster.
第二部分 阅读技能 (共两节，计50分)
第一节 阅读选择 (共40分，每小题2分) 阅读下面的材料，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在件答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。
A
China’s unbelievable high-speed rail netwrk
At the beginning f the 21st century China had n high-speed railways. Slw, crwded and ften uncmfrtable trains ran acrss this vast cuntry, with lw average speeds making jurneys such as Shanghai-Beijing a test f travel.
Tday, it’s a cmpletely different picture. With 37,900 kilmeters f lines, linking all f its majr big cities. China has the wrld’s largest wrk f high-speed railways. Half f that ttal has been cmpleted in the last five years alne, with a further 3,700 kilmeters due t pen in the cming mnths f 2021. The netwrk is expected t duble in length again, t 70,000 kilmeters, by 2035.
1. Hw were the trains in China at the beginning f the 21st century?
A. Fast.B. Cmfrtable.C. Crwded.
2. Hw many kilmeters f lines are due t pen in the cming mnths f 2021?
A. 3,700.B. 37,900.C. 70,000.
【答案】1. C 2. A
【解析】
【分析】文章通过今昔对比介绍了中国高铁的发展。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At the beginning f the 21st century China had n high-speed railways. Slw, crwded and ften uncmfrtable trains ran acrss this vast cuntry...”可知，21世纪初，中国的铁路是缓慢、拥挤，而且常常让人不舒服的，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“with a further 3,700 kilmeters due t pen in the cming mnths f 2021.”可知，在2021年的未来几个月里，有3,700公里的线路将要开通，故选A。
B
3. 41.0% f kids aged ________ use the Internet.
A. 5—9B. 10—13C. 14—17
4. What percentage f kids gets news r infrmatin nline?
A. 89%.B. 76%.C. 38%.
5. What d 43% f kids usually d n the Internet?
A. Play games.B. Buy bks.C. Send r receive instant messages.
【答案】3. A 4. B 5. B
【解析】
【分析】文章是对不同年龄段的孩子上网所占比的介绍以及孩子们喜欢在网上做的事情的统计表。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据图表一中41.0%对应的是5—9岁的孩子，故选A。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据右侧表格中“G nline t get news r infrmatin...”对应的是76%，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据右侧表格中43%对应的内容“Buy as bks, clthing...”可知，43%的孩子通常在网上买书，故选B。
C
Can a green machine help the wrld’s prest kids learn better? Nichlas Negrpnte thinks s. He and his team f scientists have invented a new type f cmputer. As a result, many children wh live in pverty (贫穷) will have their wn laptp cmputers!
Negrpnte wrks at a university. He started a grup called One Laptp Per Child (OLPC). The peple at OLPC dn’t wrk fr mney. They wrk t help children learn. OLPC makes cmputers that dn’t cst a lt. Then they sell the machines t gvernments f cuntries that have many peple live in pverty. The gvernments then give the cmputes t kids fr free.
The XO Laptp cmputers are made fr schl-aged children in develping natins. Many f these children live in faraway areas and g t schls with classrms. In rder t wrk, the laptps have t be lasting and student-friendly.
The machines have many fun characters like a built-in vide camera, vice recrding, and games. The WiFi lets students share infrmatin n the Web and read e-bks. They als can make music and chat with friends.
Anther great character is that it can last fr a lng time. It can be hand charged and als can be recharged by cnnecting t a slar panel. Because f these characters the XO laptps make learning fun while helping the envirnment.
The cmputers have a clrful name—“the green machine”. Negrpnte thinks they culd make a difference in the lives f millins f kids. He says, “Every prblem yu can think f—pverty, peace, the envirnment—is slved with educatin.”
OLPC plans t give ut ver ten millin cmputers in the next few years. Kids in Thailand, Nigeria, Brazil, and Argentina will get mst f them. China and Egypt als want t take part in the prgram. After that, Negrpnte hpes t sell cmputers t ther cuntries with high pverty.
6. Negrpnte thinks his laptp cmputers will help the wrld’s prest kids t ________.
A. wrk at hmeB. g t schl n timeC. learn better
7. What can we knw abut the peple at OLPC accrding t Paragraph 2?
A. They wrk fr mney.
B. They give cmputers t kids fr free.
C. They sell cmputers t gvernments with many peple living in pverty.
8. Why d XO laptps make learning fun while helping the envirnment?
A. Because they are lasting and student-friendly.
B. Because they are made fr schl-aged children.
C. Because they have a clrful name.
9. What des the underlined wrd “charged” mean in Chinese?
A. 携带B. 充电C. 使用
10. Wh will get mst f the cmputers in the next few years?
A. Kids in Thailand.B. Kids in China.C. Kids in Egypt.
【答案】6. C 7. C 8. A 9. B 10. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Negrpnte和他的科学团队发明了一种新型电脑，这个绿色机器能帮助世界上贫穷的孩子更好地学习。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Can a green machine help the wrld’s prest kids learn better? Nichlas Negrpnte thinks s. He and his team f scientists have invented a new type f cmputer.”可知，Negrpnte认为他的电脑可以帮助最穷困的孩子更好的学习。故选C。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“ OLPC makes cmputers that dn’t cst a lt. Then they sell the machines t gvernments f cuntries that have many peple live in pverty. The gvernments then give the cmputes t kids fr free.”可知，他们把这些电脑卖给那些有很多人生活在贫困中的国家的政府。然后政府将这些计算机免费提供给孩子们。故选C。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The machines have many fun characters like a built-in vide als can make music and chat with friends.”和“Anther great character is that it can last fr a lng time ”可知，因为这种机器持续时间长，而且可以供学生娱乐，所以有趣。故选A。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据“ can be recharged by cnnecting t a slar panel”可知，此处的“charged”指的是充电，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据“OLPC plans t give ut ver ten millin cmputers in the next few years. Kids in Thailand, Nigeria, Brazil, and Argentina will get mst f them. ”可知，泰国、尼日利亚、巴西和阿根廷的孩子将获得其中大部分，故选A。
D
Dgs might have the latest tls in the fight against cancer (癌症); their nses! Researchers at Califrnia’s Pine Street Fundatin (PSF) say they have trained five dgs t smell cancer n a prisn’s breath. This culd be exciting news.
A dg’s sense f smell may be 10,000 t 100,000 times strnger than urs. But can dgs really smell illness? PSF researcher Michael McCullch says yes. “We were very surprised by hw exact they were,” he said. “They were telling wh had cancer, and they were als saying wh didn’t.”
McCullch and his team asked fur healthy peple and ne with cancer t blw int plastic tubes (塑料管). Special materials in the tubes kept the things f each breath. The tubes were then placed ne yard apart. Finally, the dgs were allwed t smell the tubes. Each dg had been trained fr three weeks t sit when it smelled cancer. Ninety-nine percent f the time, the dug sat next t the tubes blwn int by patients with lung cancer. The dgs were right 88 percent f the time abut breast cancer.
N lab test fr cancer has given mre crrect results than this test. The results are s amazing that many experts questin the dgs’ smelling pwer. They wnder if there were ther reasns why the dgs did s well. Fr example, they thught the way the dg trainers behaved culd have influenced hw the dgs acted. Hwever, mst experts agree that this study is imprtant. The infrmatin culd help scientists create a simple breath test fr cancer in the future. Once again, humans may be getting a helping paw r nse—frm their best animal friends.
11. What’s the latest tl a dg might have in the fight against cancer?
A. Tth.B. Nse.C. Ear.
12. What happened first in the Pine Street Fundatin test?
A. The dgs were trained.B. The tubes were placed ne yard apart.
C. The dgs smelled the tubes.
13. What was a dg suppsed t d when it smelled cancer?
A. Smell again.B. Turn arund.C. Sit dwn.
14. Lk at the chart. Hw many times did the dgs keep standing when they smelled the breath frm healthy persns?
A. Less than 10 times.B. Almst 600 times.C. Abut 700 times.
15. Why d many experts questin the dg’s smelling pwer?
A. Because n lab test fr cancer has given mre crrect results.
B. Because the dg trainers influenced hw the dgs acted.
C. Because they dn’t think this study is imprtant.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了狗利用它们灵敏的嗅觉识别癌症的事情，并通过实例证实，由此说明狗可能对医学问题有帮助。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Dgs might have the latest tls in the fight against cancer (癌症); their nses!”可知，狗可能拥有最新的抗癌工具是它们的鼻子，故选B。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Dgs in the Pine Street Fundatin test were trained t sit when they smelled cancer. Hw well did they perfrm? Take a lk at this chart t find ut.”可推知，松树街基金会的狗在嗅到癌症的实验中首先是要接受训练。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Finally, the dgs were allwed t smell the tubes. Each dg had been trained fr three weeks t sit when it smelled cancer.”可知，狗如果嗅到了癌症就会坐下来，故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的显示“Breath frm healthy persns”和“Number f Times the Dgs Kept Standing”对应的数字是708，故选C。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The results are s amazing that many experts questin the dgs’ smelling example, they thught the way the dg trainers behaved culd have influenced hw the dgs acted.”可知，许多专家质疑狗的嗅觉能力。他们认为驯狗师的行为方式可能会影响狗的行为。故选B。
E
What d yu d with yur rubbish? Thrw it ut? Yu dn’t knw what yu’re missing! Lk clsely at the tw figures n yur left. They were made frm things mst peple thrw away. The figures were made frm used bttle caps. Thse tw bttle-cap figures were exhibited (展示) in a museum.
Flk art is art made by cmmn peple wh have nt been trained as artists. Their wrk is ften based n traditins in their culture. Fine art, n the ther hand, is usually made by peple wh have had training in art. Wrks f fine art are valued fr their artistic beauty. They are suppsed t be lked at but nt used. Wrks f flk art, hwever, are ften made fr everyday use.
There were mre than 800 pieces f flk art frm nearly 50 cuntries in the exhibitin. All f the pieces were made frm used metal, wd, clth, and plastic. The artists cme frm many different cultures. Still, they all share ne thing. They take bjects that are nrmally thrwn away and change them int bjects that are beautiful, useful, and fun. The artists may nt think f what they d as recycling, but that’s exactly what it is. Fine artists might wrk with expensive materials. They might use expensive tls t shape these materials int wrks f art. On the ther hand, in pr cuntries rubbish might be the nly material flk artists and ty makers can affrd. The exhibitin shws that a rich imaginatin is very imprtant when there are nly pr materials. Recycled art began lng befre peple began t think abut recycling. Sme f the bjects in the exhibitin date frm the 1930s.
Even if yu dn’t create art ut f rubbish, it’s gd t save ur natural resurces. Remember the three Rules: reduce, reuse, recycle. If yu reduce waste, true things instead f thrwing them ut, and recycle materials such as paper, plastic, and glass, yu will prtect the envirnment.
16. Which idea belngs in the empty bx?
A. Flk art is made by peple wh are nt trained artists
B. The artists cme frm many different cultures
C. Recycled art began lng befre peple started recycling
17. What can we learn frm Paragraph 3?
A. There was mre than 800 pieces f fine art.
B. Flk artists can’t shape expensive materials int wrks f art.
C. Pr materials als can be made int wrks f art.
18. What is the same thing f the pieces in the exhibitin share?
A. They are all wks f fine art.B. They are all made frm used materials.
C. They are all made by the trained artists.
19. What can we d t prtect ur envirnment?
A. Thrw away used materials.B. Only use expensive materials.
C. Recycle materials.
20. Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Used Bttle CapsB. The Art f RecyclingC. A Museum Exhibitin
【答案】16. C 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了废旧物品作品展览，比较了美术作品与民间艺术，呼吁大家从小事做起，变废为宝，保护环境。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据“On the ther hand, in pr cuntries rubbish might be the nly material flk artists and ty makers can f the bjects in the exhibitin date frm the 1930s.”可知，这里主要是介绍回收艺术情况，故选C。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据“ They take bjects that are nrmally thrwn away and change them int bjects that are beautiful, useful, and exhibitin shws that a rich imaginatin is very imprtant when there are nly pr materials.”可知，劣质的材料也可以制成艺术品，故选C。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Still, they all share ne thing. They take bjects that are nrmally thrwn away and change them int bjects that are beautiful, useful, and fun.”可知，展览分享中的作品都是精美的艺术品，故选A。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据“If yu reduce waste, true things instead f thrwing them ut, and recycle materials such as paper, plastic, and glass, yu will prtect the envirnment.”可知，回收材料对保护环境有好处，故选C。
【20题详解】
最佳标题题。根据“What d yu d with yur rubbish? Thrw it ut? Yu dn’t knw what yu’re missing! tw bttle-cap figures were exhibited (展示) in a museum.”及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是介绍废旧物品作品展览，呼吁大家从小事做起，变废为宝，保护环境，故选B。
第二节 阅读匹配 (共10分，每小题2分)
阅读下面的短文，从所给的A~F六个选项中，选出正确的答案填空，使短文通顺，内容完整，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑，其中选项中有一项是多余的。
5 ways t train yur brain fr better sleep
The days are lnger, full f sunshine and bright with the prmise f enjying a mre relaxing spring and summer with yur lved nes. But if yu want t enjy yur daytime, it’s time t imprve yur sleep during the night-time. “Sleep prblems endanger health and quality (质量) f life fr up t 45% f the wrld’s ppulatin,” accrding t the Wrld Sleep Sciety.
Sleep is ne f the three keys t a healthier, lnger life (the thers are diet and exercise). ____21____. Here are the tp five ways t imprve yur sleep and get sme relax:
Create a sleep nest
____22____. Science tells us that we sleep better in cler temperatures f abut 60 t 67 degrees Fahrenheit (15℃ t 20℃).
Develp a rutine
Set up a bedtime ritual by taking a warm bath r shwer, reading a bk r listening t sft music. Yu’re teaching yur mind t relax. And stick t it. G t bed and get up at the same time each day, even n weekends r yur days ff. ____23____.
Cut the lights
Prductin f the sleep hrmne melatnin (荷尔蒙褪黑激素) begins at dark. Research has fund that the bdy will slw r stp it with light n, t get away frm any light, even the blue light frm yur charging smart phne.
Refuse the wine
Dn’t turn t wine t make yu calm r help yu sleep. ____24____. Yur bdy needs t experience all three steps f sleep—light sleep dream, and deep sleep—t fully repair itself.
____25____
Heavy and spicy fds may give yu heartburn r ther digestive prblems, thus influencing yur ability t get and stay asleep.
If yu try these tips and can’t seem t relax, r yur sleep cntinues t wrsen, be sure t reach ut t yur dctr r a mental health prfessinal.
A. The bdy likes rutine
B. Avid heavy r ht fds
C. Refuse cffee later in the day
D. One f the first tasks is t set up yur sleep envirnment
E. Wine may help yu fall asleep, but it hlds yu in the lighter sleep
F. Many f the ways t increase the quality f yur sleep are easy t fllw
【答案】21. F 22. D 23. A 24. E 25. B
【解析】
【分析】文中介绍了5种训练大脑以获得更好睡眠的方法。
【21题详解】
根据“Here are the tp five ways t imprve yur sleep and get sme relax:”介绍改善睡眠的五种最有用的方法，前面应提出有很多改善方法，F项“很多提高睡眠质量的方法都很容易遵循”符合语境。故选F。
【22题详解】
根据“Create a sleep nest”可知这一段讲创建适合睡眠的地方，D项“首要任务之一就是建立你的睡眠环境”符合语境。故选D。
【23题详解】
根据“Develp a rutine”可知要发展睡眠规律，A项“身体喜欢惯例”符合语境。故选A。
【24题详解】
根据“Refuse the wine”可知此处讲睡前不能喝酒的原因，E项“酒可能会帮助你入睡，但它会让你进入较浅的睡眠状态”符合语境。故选E。
【25题详解】
根据“Heavy and spicy fds may give yu heartburn r ther digestive prblems, thus influencing yur ability t get and stay asleep.”可知此处讲不要吃油腻或辣的食物，B项“避免油腻或辣的食物”符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 知识运用 (共两节，计20分)
第一节 词语填空 (共10分，每小题1分)
阅读下面的内容，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该编号字母涂黑。
My whle life has changed because f COVID-19. It’s very upsetting because we can’t ____26____ anyne else and we can’t g t thers’ hmes. We have been at hme, but I ____27____ the healthcare wrkers wh have risked their lives every day t help us stay healthy and safe. Here, I describe my experience during this time.
Cming back hme frm my spring vacatin, I gt news that schl is clsed fr tw weeks.
Being a kid, I gt ____28____ but I didn’t knw what was waiting fr us. I never thught I wuld be ding my classes nline mnths later.
Right after the “stay at hme” rder, my mther tested psitive fr COVID-19 and ur family was quarantined (隔离) fr 14 days. It was really challenging fr all f us, especially fr my ____29____, wh gt sick. Thse were the wrst tw weeks in my life.
Watching my mther ____30____ fever, cugh, and shrtness f breath was heartbreaking. I had tears in my eyes, but I didn’t tell my parents abut it. I was thankful that my father is a ____31____ wh knws hw t treat COVID-19 patients. After three weeks, my mther gt better.
My father is a true her. Nt nly was he taking care f us, but als he has been treating patients with COVID-19 every day and ____32____ the cmmunity selflessly. I am prud f him.
This ____33____ has taught me t be thankful fr things we have in life. My father has ____34____ me t be selfless, helpful, and brave. It is OK t be anxius, but remember that there is ____35____ at the end f the channel (隧道) and life will get nrmal again.
26. A. e-mailB. callC. meet
27. A. admireB. likeC. miss
28. A. surprisedB. excitedC. wrried
29. A. sisterB. fatherC. mther
30. A. cntinueB. standC. accept
31. A. dctrB. wrkerC. teacher
32. A. cntrllingB. servingC. cleaning
33. A. accidentB. jurneyC. experience
34. A. askedB. tldC. taught
35. A. lightB. signC. wind
【答案】26. C 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】文章讲述了作者一家在疫情期间的情况以及从这段经历中学会的道理。
【26题详解】
句意：因为我们不能见任何人，也不能去别人家。
e-mail电子邮件；call打电话；meet遇见；根据“anyne else and we can’t g t thers’ hmes”及常识可知，疫情期间最好不要外出，也就是不能见到人，故选C。
【27题详解】
句意：我们一直在家，但我钦佩那些每天冒着生命危险帮助我们保持健康和安全的医护人员。
admire钦佩；like喜欢；miss想念；根据“the healthcare wrkers wh have risked their lives every day t help us stay healthy and safe”可知，对于一线的医护人员应该是钦佩的，故选A。
【28题详解】
句意：作为一个孩子，我很惊讶，但我不知道什么在等着我们。
surprised惊讶的；excited激动的；wrried担忧的；根据“I gt news that schl is clsed fr tw weeks.”以及“but I didn’t knw what was waiting fr us.”以及“I never thught I wuld be ding my classes nline mnths later.”可知，对于从未有过的突如其来的消息，作者应该是感到很惊讶，故选A。
【29题详解】
句意：这对我们所有人来说都是一个挑战，尤其是对我生病的母亲。
sister姐妹；father父亲；mther母亲；根据“my mther tested psitive fr COVID-19”以及“wh gt sick”可知，此处指的是母亲，故选C。
【30题详解】
句意：看着母亲继续发烧、咳嗽、气短，我很伤心，眼里含着泪水，但我没有告诉父母这件事。
cntinue继续；stand站立；accept接受；根据“fever, cugh, and shrtness f breath was heartbreaking”可知，是描述母亲的病情，在持续的发烧、咳嗽、气短，故选A。
【31题详解】
句意：我很感激我的父亲是一个知道如何治疗COVID-19患者的医生。
dctr医生；wrker工人；teacher老师；根据“hw t treat COVID-19 patients”可知，父亲是医生，故选A。
【32题详解】
句意：他不仅照顾我们，而且每天都在治疗COVID-19患者，无私地为社区服务。
cntrlling控制；serving服务；cleaning清洁；根据“the cmmunity selflessly”可知，是父亲无私地为社区服务，故选B。
【33题详解】
句意：这段经历教会我要对生活中所拥有的东西心存感激。
accident事故；jurney旅程；experience经历；根据“Thse were the wrst tw weeks in my life.”及常识可知，这是一段经历，故选C。
【34题详解】
句意：我父亲教导我要无私，乐于助人，勇敢。
asked问；tld告诉；taught教；根据“Nt nly he was taking care f am prud f him.”可知，是父亲教导作者要学会无私，乐于助人，勇敢，故选C。
【35题详解】
句意：焦虑是可以的，但要记住，光明就在通道的尽头，生活将恢复正常。
light光；sign迹象；wind风；根据“at the end f the channel (隧道) and life will get nrmal again.”可知，此处指的是光明就在尽头，故选A。
第二节 语法填空 (共10分，每小题1分)
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(限1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，使句子通顺完整。
36. Nwadays, better medical care and cleaner water help peple live ________ (lng).
【答案】lnger
【解析】
【详解】句意：如今，更好的医疗保健和更清洁的水有助于人们长寿。lng长的，形容词；根据“Nwadays, better medical care and cleaner water help peple live...”可知，此处表示更好的医疗保健和更干净的水可以让人们活的时间更长，此处应用lng的比较级形式lnger。故填lnger。
37. At the very heart f Beijing, the Palace Museum is China’s largest f all the ancient ________ (building).
【答案】buildings
【解析】
【详解】句意：位于北京中心的故宫是中国最大的古建筑。building“建筑”，名词；根据“all”可知，空处应用复数形式，故填buildings。
38. Peple arund the wrld are wrking n ________ (reduce) the causes f glbal warming.
【答案】reducing
【解析】
【详解】句意：全世界的人们都在致力于减少全球变暖的原因。n是介词，后接动词ing形式，故填reducing。
39. He wh has nt climbed ________ Great Wall is nt a true man.
【答案】the
【解析】
【详解】句意：不到长城非好汉。the Great Wall“长城”，是普通名词构成的专有名词，前面要用定冠词the，故填the。
40. The fficial language f China is Putnghua, ________ the freigners usually call it Mandarin.
【答案】while
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国的官方语言是普通话，而外国人通常称之为Mandarin。前句表示中国官方语言为“Putnghua”，而后句表示外国人称之为“Mandarin”，前后句之间轻微转折，两者对比，用并列连词while。故填while。
41. Mid-Autumn Festival is a special time fr families and it is ________ n the 15th day f the eighth lunar mnth.
【答案】celebrated
【解析】
【详解】句意：中秋节对家庭来说是一个特殊的日子，在农历八月十五庆祝。根据“it the 15th day f the eighth lunar mnth”可知，此处指中秋节在农历八月十五庆祝，celebrate庆祝，动词；celebrate与Mid-Autumn Festival是被动关系，此处用被动语态，空前有is，此处为一般现在时的被动语态，结构为：be dne，应填celebrate的过去分词形式celebrated。故填celebrated。
42. Chairman Ma nce ________ (say) that wmen culd hld up half the sky.
【答案】said
【解析】
【详解】句意：毛主席曾说过，妇女能顶半边天。根据nce可知，此处用一般过去时，say“说”，动词，所以用其过去式。故填said。
43. China ________ (have) three main types f teas: green tea, black lea and wulng tea, a halfway between black and green tea.
【答案】has
【解析】
分析】
【详解】句意：中国有三种主要的茶的种类:绿茶,红茶和乌龙茶,乌龙茶是介于红茶和绿茶的一种。句子是一般现在时，主语“China”是单数，谓语动词用 “have”的三单形式是“has”。故填has。
44. Mattew Chimudzi wants t study Chinese s that he can have a gd ________ (cmmunicate) with peple in China ne day.
【答案】cmmunicatin
【解析】
【详解】句意：Mattew Chimudzi想要学习中文，这样有一天他可以和中国人很好的交流。根据a可知，此处要用一个名词的单数形式，cmmunicate是动词，其对应的名词是cmmunicatin，故填cmmunicatin。
45. When it cmes t my birthdays, I wuld like t invite my friends ________ (watch) a mvie.
【答案】t watch
【解析】
【详解】句意：当谈到我的生日时，我想邀请我的朋友去看电影。invite sb. t d sth.邀请某人做某事，用动词不定式t watch作宾语补足语。故填t watch。
第四部分 写作技能 (共三节，计30分)
第一节 回答问题 (共10分，每小题2分)
阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
Rice is ne f the mst cmmnly eaten basic fds arund the wrld. Buying it and cking it is a daily matter. Yet fr many, its presence has been a matter f life and death. It is a main fd because it is easy t grw, besides lw cst and cnvenience. A pr cmmunity in the develping wrld may find it difficult t bring in freign fruits r raise cattle fr meat, but it can almst certainly use the land it has in rder t grw plenty f rice.
This was the great achievement f Yuan Lngping, wh passed away n May 22 this year. A great Chinese scientist, Yuan successfully develped what is knwn as “hybrid rice” which can prduce up a 30% higher utput. Yuan Lngping was brn in the year 1930, a time when China was very different. It was a natin, withut mdern industry, depending n the rice which they grew. The first few decades (十年) f his life were met with majr scial events, and a rapidly grwing ppulatin that made fd supply nt last all the time. This experience left its mark n Yuan Lngping, which made him fcus n (关注) farming science and wrk n his research f hybrid rice.
His achievement wuld see the rice supply in China increasing frm 56.9 millin tns in 1950 t 194.7 millin tns by 2017. By 1991, 20% f the wrld’s rice utput came frm hybrid rice, even if nly being planted in 10% f fields.
Always remember, human develpment begins first with the mst basic and sample things, such as develping rice. We shuld be thankful fr scientific thinkers like Yuan.
46. Why is rice a main fd arund the wrld?
________________
47. What did Yuan develp successfully?
________________
48. When was Yuan Lngping brn?
________________
49. What made Yuan fcus n farming science?
________________
50. Hw many tns was the rice supply in China by 2017?
________________
【答案】46. It is a main fd because it is easy t grw, besides lw cst and cnvenience.
47. Hybrid rice./He develped hybrid rice successfully.
48. He was brn in the year 1930./In the year 1930./In 1930.
49. The rapidly grwing ppulatin that made fd supply nt last all the time.
50. 194.7 millin tns.
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了中国杂交水稻之父——袁隆平的事迹以及杂交水稻的情况。
【46题详解】
根据“It is a main fd because it is easy t grw, besides lw cst and cnvenience.”可知，因为它容易生长，成本低并且方便。故填It is a main fd because it is easy t grw, besides lw cst and cnvenience.
【47题详解】
根据“Yuan successfully develped what is knwn as “hybrid rice” which can prduce up a 30% higher utput.”可知，袁隆平成功地培育了杂交水稻，故填Hybrid rice./He develped hybrid rice successfully.
【48题详解】
根据“Yuan Lngping was brn in the year 1930”可知，袁隆平出生于1930年，故填He was brn in the year 1930./In the year 1930./In 1930.
【49题详解】
根据“The first few decades (十年) f his life were met with majr scial events, and a rapidly grwing ppulatin that made fd supply nt last all the time. This experience left its mark n Yuan Lngping, which made him fcus n (关注) farming science and wrk n his research f hybrid rice.”可知，在他生命的最初几十年里，他遇到了重大的社会事件，人口的迅速增长使得食物供应不能一直持续下去。这段经历在袁隆平身上留下了印记，使他专注于农学研究，致力于杂交水稻的研究。故填The rapidly grwing ppulatin that made fd supply nt last all the time.
【50题详解】
根据“His achievement wuld see the rice supply in China increasing frm 56.9 millin tns in 1950 t 194.7 millin tns by 2017.”可知，到2017年，中国大米供应量是19470万吨，故填194.7 millin tns.
第二节 语篇翻译(共8分，每小题2分)
阅读下面的短文，然后将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。
The rle f the disabled in sciety
The 2022 Paralympic Winter Games will be held in Beijing and Zhangjiaku in nrth China’s Hebei prvince.
Hsting the Paralympic Games will help draw attentin t the need fr cuntries t d mre t make sure equal chances fr all peple in sciety. 1.It is necessary t realize the great achievements which are made by disabled peple.
2.残疾人在中国的生活已经改善了很多，and mre achievements are expected t be seen as the cuntry has been speeding up t realize the gal f achieving “equality, participatin and sharing,” as expressed in the 2019 White Paper n China’s 70 years f prgress in dealing with the needs f the disabled.
3.The Chinese gvernment is trying t slve the needs f the disabled and prvide them with new chances. Fr example, buildings, hlds, public transprt and ther public places are becming mre wheelchair friendly.
Mdern media als play an imprtant rle in educating the public abut the needs f the disabled and als changing sciety’s image f them, s there is greater fcus n their special abilities rather than n their abilities.
In fact, the sciety’s mst disabled peple prvide all f us with imprtant lessns. They shw us cnfidence, creativity and psitivity. The lser will fail 99 times and then give up. 4.要成功，你必须有耐心，永不放弃。Yu must always learn frm yur failures, and mve n.
51. ________________
52. ________________
53. ________________
54. ________________
【答案】51. 实现残疾人的伟大成就是很必要的。
52. The life f the disabled in China has imprved a lt.
53. 中国政府正在努力解决残疾人的需要，为他们提供新的机会。
54. T succeed, yu must be patient and never give up.
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。2022年冬季残奥会即将举行，短文主要介绍了残疾人在社会中的作用以及中国政府在解决残疾人的需要方面所做的努力。
【51题详解】
it它，形式主语；is necessary是必需的；t realize the great achievements实现伟大成就，真正的主语；which are made by disabled peple：被残疾人创造，定语从句，修饰名词the great achievements。故填：实现残疾人的伟大成就是很必要的。
【52题详解】
残疾人在中国的生活：the life f the disabled in China；改善：imprve；很多：a lt。结合语境，此句应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has dne；主语“the life f the disabled in China”是第三人称单数形式，故助动词应用has；imprve的过去分词是imprved。故填The life f the disabled in China has imprved a lt.
【53题详解】
the Chinese gvernment中国政府；is trying t slve the needs f the disabled正在努力解决残疾人的需要；and prvide them with new chances给他们提供新的机会。故填：中国政府正在努力解决残疾人的需要，为他们提供新的机会。
【54题详解】
成功：succeed；你：yu；必须有耐心：must be patient：永不放弃：never give up。根据句意，此句可以用动词不定式作目的状语，置于句首。故填T succeed, yu must be patient and never give up.
第三节 书面表达(共12分)
55. 每个人心中都有一个闪亮的名字，如张桂梅、钟南山、你的妈妈×××……假如你是李华，请给你的英国笔友Linda写一封电子邮件，介绍你心目中的一位英雄。
注意：
（1）信中必须包含英雄的基本信息和主要事迹；
（2）信中不得出现自己的校名和姓名；
（3） 80词左右(首段已给出，不计入总词数)。
Dear Linda,
Hw are yu getting n? I’m writing this email t share a stry with yu.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
Dear Linda,
Hw are yu getting n? I’m writing this email t share a stry with yu. As we knw, mst peple have heres in their hearts. Fr me, Dr. Zhng Nanshan is my her in my heart. He graduated frm Beijing Medical Cllege. He is ne f the famus dctrs in China.
In the winter f 2019, the COVID-19 brke ut in China and acrss the whle wrld. Zhng Nanshan nt nly led but als tk an active part in the battle against it. He wrked hard day and night treating the patients. With the help f him, sn the COVID-19 was under cntrl.
He is a gd dctr as well as a great her in my heart. I think a her shuld nt nly be brave, but als be ready t help thers.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】1.题目解读：题目要求给自己的英国笔友Linda写一封电子邮件，介绍自己心目中的一位英雄，信中需包含英雄的基本信息和主要事迹。
2.写作指导：本文在陈述事实和观点时，时态采用一般现在时为主，在描述发生在过去事情时，时态采用一般过去时为主，人称主要为第一人称和第三人称；注意本文是一封电子邮件，要按照正确的格式来写作；可以先列出写作要点及每个要点可能用到的表达，再进行写作，要条理清晰，行文连贯；最后写作完成时应检查文章的表达是否符合语言规范和英文表达习惯等。
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Dgs in the Pine Street Fundatin test were trained t sit when they smelled cancer. Hw well did they perfrm? Take a lk at this chart t find ut.
Breath Sample
Number f Times the Dgs Sat dwn
Number f Times the Dgs Kept Standing
Breath frm lung cancer patients
564
10
Breath frm healthy persns
4
708
Cnclusin (结论)
Details
Art based n cultural traditins
Art made fr everyday use
Art made with used materials