中考英语一轮复习语法题型满分练习专题23 阅读理解 议论文（含解析）

这是一份中考英语一轮复习语法题型满分练习专题23 阅读理解 议论文（含解析），共11页。试卷主要包含了议论文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
人与自我－生活与学习
Passage 1(2022湖北随州)
D yu have any nline classes? It is pssible t take classes at hme. All yu need is a cmputer and a headset.
Hwever, mst students dn't seem t like nline classes. Accrding t a recent survey, nly 33 percent f the students wuld take such classes. Over 1,500 students frm 10 cities tk part in the survey.
Many students said it was hard t fcus n studying while taking nline classes. This was true fr Lian Ruhan,15,at The Affiliated High Schl f Peking University. “There are n classmates and n real teachers watching me. I can surf the Internet r d ther things if I want t. It's harder t always stay fcused,” she said.
Lian prepares a lt befre taking her classes t make sure she will keep her attentin. She als pushes herself t cmmunicate with teachers. Students can cme up with r answer questins while taking nline classes.
Wen Jiayi,14, at Yucai Middle Schl Attached t Chengdu N. 7 High Schl, thinks nline interactin(互动)isn't enugh.“The nline teachers dn't really get t knw me. When I dn't hand in hmewrk, all I get is a shrt message instead f real cncern(关心),”she said.
Hwever, nline classes still have advantages. “It saves time and mney cmpared with taking ffline classes. Als, if I dn't understand sme parts f a lessn, I can watch it ver again,” Lian said.
1.Many students think________.
A. it is impssible t take nline classes at hme
B. it's hard t fcus n studying while taking nline classes
C. they have t prepare a lt befre taking nline classes
D. they can't cmmunicate with the teachers nline
2.The underlined wrd “ffline" means“________” in Chinese.
3.Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. Lian thinks it easy t always stay fcused.
B. Wen is a student frm a high schl in Beijing.
C. Lian thinks that nline interactin isn't enugh.
D. Lian pushes herself t cmmunicate with teachers in nline classes.
4.The passage is mainly abut________.
A. what the students think f nline classes
B. hw the students take nline classes at hme
C. where the students take nline classes
D. why the students like taking nline classes
答案:
语篇解读 本文是关于线上课程的一项调查,主要介绍两个学生的不同看法.子主题为“积极的学习体验,恰当的学习方法与策略,勤学善思”.
1.B 细节理解题.根据第三段中“Many students said it was hard t fcus n studying while taking nline classes.”可知,许多学生表示,在线上课很难集中精力学习.
2.C 词义猜测题.分析最后一段可知,将nline和ffline作了比较,“nline”意为“线上的”,所以ffline的意思是“线下的”.
3.D 细节理解题.根据第四段中“She als pushes herself t cmmunicate with teachers.”可知,连若涵在上网课时,督促自己与老师交流.
4.A 主旨大意题.本文主要是关于线上课程的调查,主要介绍两个学生的不同看法.
Passage 2(2022 北京)
A Pathway(路径)t Meaning in Life
When it cmes t a meaningful life, we might think f lve, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what mst f us want fr urselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life cmes dwn t three factrs(因素):having lng-term gals, believing that ne's life matters, and feeling that ne's life fits tgether and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is mre t cnsider. Smetimes life enables us t experience small mments f beauty. When peple are pen t appreciating(欣赏)such experiences, these mments may imprve hw they see their wn life. We call this experiential appreciatin(EA). EA is abut the persn feeling cnnected t events and being able t appreciate the value within the cnnectin. It shws the discvery f and admiratin fr life's beauty.
We recently set ut t better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was als tied t general judgment f meaning in life. If s, it culd be a factr fr meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had peple rate(评估)their supprt fr different methds f reducing stress. We fund that peple wh managed stress by fcusing n their appreciatin fr life's beauty als reprted experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked peple t rate the degree t which they agreed with varius statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty f life" and “I appreciate little things in life” as well as ther statements that related t the three factrs and a general sense f meaning in life. Our results shwed that the mre peple reprted that they were “appreciating life" and its many experiences, the mre they felt their life was valuable.
In the fllwing studies, we further lked at the cnnectin between EA and meaningfulness. Fr example, we fund that peple wh were asked t lk back n the mst meaningful event f the past week generally reprted high EA in thse mments.
All the results prved ur thery(假设)true. But putting it int practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with gals. We try t get the highest utput bth at wrk and in spare time. This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw. We shuld slw dwn and let life surprise us.
1. Yu were mst prbably in the EA cnditin when________.
A. yu made a travel plan fr the cming hliday
B. yu hurried t serve the custmers in the stre
C. yu practiced hard t becme the best vilinist
D. yu stpped t admire the rses by the radside
2.What can we learn frm the studies mentined in the passage?
A. Thinking back t the past weakens ur sense f meaning.
B. Enjying small things can influence ur attitude tward life.
C. Prper stress management is the key t living a satisfying life.
D. Gd judgment n beauty imprves cnnectins amng peple.
3. What des the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. It is easier fr results-driven peple t achieve success.
B. We ften turn a blind eye t the present mment.
C.A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach ur gals.
D. Future life will bring us many mre surprises.
4. What is the writer's main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T explain hw t discver beauty in life.
B. T discuss what the true meaning f life is.
C. T intrduce a new factr fr a meaningful life.
D. T cmpare different factrs fr meaningfulness.
答案:
语篇解读本文主要介绍“体验生活之美”和“过有意义的人生”两者关系的科学研究.子主题为“丰富、充实、积极向上的生活”.
1.D 词义理解题.根据第三段中“EA is abut the persn feeling cnnected t events and being able t appreciate the value within the cnnectin. It shws the discvery f and admiratin fr life's beauty.”可知,EA是指人能感觉到事件间的联系,并能够在这种联系中欣赏其价值.它展示了对生活之美的发现和赞赏.根据EA的定义可以推论出D项(你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰)符合EA状态.
2.B 推理判断题.根据第七段中“Fr example, we EA in thse mments.”可知,回顾过去有意义的事可提升EA,排除A项;根据第六段中“such as I appreciate the beauty f life' life was valuable”可推测,享受小事影响我们的生活态度,B项正确;根据第五段中“We fund that highly meaningful.”可知,通过欣赏生活中美好的东西来管理压力的人觉得体验生活有意义,但不是关键,排除C项;根据第三段中“When peple see their wn life.”可知,对美的判断力可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法,不能改变与他人的联系,排除D项.
3.B 段落大意题.根据最后一段中“This fcus n future utcmes makes it all t easy t miss what is happening right nw.”可知,这种对未来结果的关注使人们很容易错过目前正在发生的事情.B项(我们经常对现在的时刻视而不见)最符合本段主题.
4.C写作目的题.文章阐释了一条实现有意义的生活的新路径,那就是发现并欣赏生活的美.因此可以推断作者的写作目的是为有意义的生活引入新因素.
Passage 3(2022湖南湘潭)
Recently, a study(研究),published in BMC Medicine, fund that sitting in frnt f the TV fr a lng time was a risk fr peple's health.
After scientists used data(数据)n 370,000 peple, cvering 12 years, they fund abut 9,000 develped heart disease. They fund peple with genes(基因)f heart prblems were mre likely t develp heart disease. Hwever, they fund that peple withut such genes watching mre than fur hurs f TV every day were als at the greatest risk f heart disease. Peple spending 2 t 3 hurs a day watching TV had a 6% lwer risk. And thse wh watched less than an hur had a 16% lwer risk. The scientists f the research team finally fund cutting TV watching time t less than an hur a day culd prevent 10% f heart disease.
In life, peple wh want “ne mre episde(剧集)”might be the grup at a higher risk, fr they are easy t spend mre time watching TV. If they have mre snacks while watching TV, it might add the risk f putting their hearts in danger. S, if peple want t watch TV lnger, standing up and mving the bdy, r hanging ut will wrk. But limiting their time n TV culd be a mre useful way t help them avid pssible heart prblems in the future.
1.Accrding t the text, hw lng did the research cver?
2.Frm paragraph 2, which f the fllwing is right?
A. Peple watching ne hur f TV are at the greatest risk.
B. The less time peple spend n TV, the lwer the risk is.
C. Watching TV is the nly reasn t develp heart disease.
3.Which best explains “limiting” underlined in paragraph 3?
4.Where is this text prbably frm?
5.What is the main idea f the text?
A. We'd better nt watch TV mre than ne hur a day.
B. Hanging ut after dinner is gd fr ur heart health.
C. Having snacks while watching TV adds risks fr heart.
答案:
语篇解读本文阐述了久坐看电视对人体健康的危害及减少看电视的时间危害风险会降低这一观点.子主题为“身心健康,抗挫能力,珍爱生命的意识”.
1.B 细节理解题.根据第二段第一句中的“cvering 12 years”可知选B.
2.B 推理判断题.根据第二段中的“Peple spending 2 t 3 hurs a day watching TV had a 6% lwer risk. And thse wh watched less than an hur had a 16% lwer risk.”可推知看电视时间越少,(患心脏病的)风险越小.
3.A 词义猜测题.根据上下文可推知画线词所在句意为“但是限制他们花在电视上的时间会是一种帮助他们避免将来可能出现的心脏疾患的更有用的方法”.“限制”符合语境.
4.C 文章出处题.本文的主要内容为阐述久坐看电视对人身体健康的危害,在报纸上被读到的可能性最大.
5.A 主旨大意题.本文主要阐述了久坐看电视对人身体健康的危害及减少看电视的时间危害风险会降低的观点.
人与自我－做人与做事
Passage 4(2022浙江绍兴)
“I wish I had straight hair” ;“I'd like t be taller”. At times, we all want t lk a bit mre like smene else. Hwever, the pictures we see n TV and scial media can give us imprper ideas abut hw ur bdies “shuld” lk. The truth is that everybdy is different-and that's a gd thing. Accepting and feeling gd abut ur bdies is really imprtant fr ur self-cnfidence(自信).
Bdy cnfidence is when smene accepts and behaves kindly twards their bdy. That includes ur size and shape, skin clr, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell frm the Centre fr Appearance Research(CAR),says that having bdy cnfidence is “abut being accepting f yur bdy and what it des fr yu”.
If yu feel psitively(积极地)abut yur bdy, yu are mre likely t take care f it. Research has even shwn that yu are mre likely t take part in activities and perfrm well in schl. Hwever, feeling agitated abut yur bdy culd make yu step back, d less well at schl and even feel dwn. Parnell says that the cst f trying t achieve the "perfect" appearance is high. She says,“ If yu're spending a lt f time trying t lk a certain way, yu will have less time t spend with friends and t make imprtant memries.”
It's imprtant t remember that everybdy is different. T develp a psitive bdy image, Parnell says,“ Try t talk psitively abut yur wn bdy and ther peple's bdies. Try nt t pay t much attentin t appearance. Instead, think abut what yur bdy des fr yu; d yur legs make yu run really fast?” She als suggests treating yur bdy well by eating different kinds f fds, exercising t feel gd and t have fun, and getting plenty f sleep. Remember that yu are mre than hw yu lk.
1.The writer thinks that the pictures n TV and scial media________.
A. are perfect fr peple t fllw
B. may spread wrng ideas f lks
C. imply everyne is different
D. shw peple hw t behave kindly
2.The underlined wrd “agitated" prbably means “________”.
3.Parnell will agree that yu shuld________.
A. accept yur bdy as it is
B. avid talking abut thers' bdies
C. spend mre mney n yur appearance
D. remember what yu used t be like
4. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T encurage readers t take mre exercise.
B. T remind readers nt t eat t much fd.
C. T lead readers t build up bdy cnfidence.
D. T advise readers t treat their friends well.
答案:
语篇解读 文章主要论述了我们要积极地看待自己的身体,要有自信.子主题为“自我认识,自我管理,自我提升”.
1.B 细节理解题.根据第一段中的“Hwever, the pictures we see n TV and scial media can give us imprper ideas abut hw ur bdies 'shuld 'lk.”可知,我们在电视和社交媒体上看到的图片可能会给我们传递错误的外貌观念.
2.D 词义猜测题.根据第三段中的“feeling agitated abut yur bdy culd make yu step back, d less well at schl and even feel dwn”可知,你会退步,在学校里表现不佳,甚至感到沮丧,应是因为你担心你的身体,故此处画线部分意为“担心”.
3.A细节理解题.根据第二段中的“Jade that having bdy cnfidence is 'abut being accepting f yur bdy and what it des fr yu'.”可知,Parnell认为要接受自己的身体原本的样子.
4.C写作目的题.本文主要介绍了我们要积极地看待自己的身体,要有身体自信.
人与社会－社会服务与人际沟通
Passage 5(2022湖北十堰)
There is n dubt that technlgy has had a big influence n ur lives. Peple frm all arund the wrld can nw talk t each ther almst at nce n mbile phnes and the Internet. Peple can easily slve their prblems with the help f cmputers and the wrld wide web. With this technlgy, it seems that the wrld is mre cnnected nw than ever befre. Even s, there have been wrries abut technlgy making peple feel lnely and discnnected frm thers arund them.
S des this mean that technlgy makes us lnely?
In my pinin, it is hard t say Yes r N.
It's true that humans need cmmunicatin with each ther. If we depend n technlgy t much t cmmunicate, this can badly impact ur mental(心理的)health. Fr me, technlgy is a tl. And just like any ther kind f tl-like scissrs, a pencil r a ruler, fr example, it depends n hw we use it: in a right way r in a right place. Take scial media(社交媒体)as an example. If yu nly use it t cmpare yurself with thers, yu might feel sad and lnely. But if yu use it as a tl t cnnect with friends and family r t start a new cmmunity t talk abut yur hbbies and interests, the lneliness will turn int lve and friendship.
When yu feel lnely after staring at yur cmputer screen all day, maybe yu can use that technlgy t reach ut t a reliable(可靠的)friend and invite him r her ut fr lunch r a cffee.
1.Accrding t the writer, technlgy is________.
2.What's the meaning f the underlined wrd "impact" in Paragraph 4?
3.Accrding t the passage, if peple use technlgy t much, peple may________.
4.When we use technlgy t________ thers, we can find lve and friendship.
5.What's the main idea f the passage?
A. Scial media is imprtant t us.
B. Technlgy can be gd and bad t us.
C. Peple need t cmmunicate with each ther.
D. Cmputers and the Internet help us with ur wrk.
答案:
语篇解读 本文介绍科技对我们的生活产生了很大的影响,在带来便利的同时,使人们之间的交流变少了.作者呼吁我们可以多和朋友出去.子主题为“良好的人际关系与人际交往”.
1.A细节理解题.根据第四段中“Fr me, technlgy is a tl.”可知选A.
2.C 词义猜测题.分析“If we depend n technlgy t much t cmmunicate, this can badly impact ur mental health.”可知,如果我们过于依赖科技来交流,这会严重影响我们的心理健康.此处impact的意思是“影响”.
3.C 细节理解题.根据第一段中“Even s, there have been wrries abut technlgy making peple feel lnely”可知,有人担心科技会让人们感到孤独.
4.C 细节理解题.根据第四段中“But if yu use it as a tl t cnnect with friends and lneliness will turn int lve and friendship.”可知,如果你把科技作为与朋友和家人联系的工具,孤独就会变成爱和友谊.
5.B 主旨大意题.本文主要介绍科技对我们的生活产生了很大的影响,在为我们带来便利的同时,也带来了问题.
人与自然－自然生态
Passage 6(2022四川乐山)
D yu think nly humans are crazy abut electrnic prducts? Yu are wrng. 12 zs in the United States and Canada have carried ut(实施)a prgramme called Apps fr Apes(大猩猩).It has fund that the apes are als interested in playing iPads.
“We find that, similar t peple, the apes like tuching the screen and watching shrt vides,” said Richard Zimmerman, a manager f the prgramme.
The apes in these zs can play iPads twice a week. Every time, they spend frm 15 minutes t half an hur using different apps in iPads. They are mst interested in apps fr children, such as drawing, music and memry games.
Zimmerman said,“ It's like when we're shwing pp-up bks(立体书)t children. The apes are amng the mst intelligent(智能的)animals, and they are as clever as yung children.”
The wrkers in the z are als studying hw cmmunicatin apps can help the apes better. “We find that an ape has a tthache. He wuld be able t tuch a picture f a tth n the iPad and cmmunicate in that way,” said Zimmerman.
The prgramme wants t make peple pay attentin t the living prblems f apes in the wild. The apes are in danger because peple cut dwn t many frests.
1.Hw many times can the apes play iPads in a week?
2.Which f the fllwing apps can make apes mst interested in?
3.What can we learn abut apes frm the article?
A. Apes can make pp-up bks.
B. Apes are as smart as yung children.
C. Apes use apps t prtect themselves.
4.Hw des the ape cmmunicate when it has a tthache?
A. By tuching the picture.
B. By telling the dctr.
C. By shwing its nse.-
5.Where is this article mst prbably frm?
A.A magazine abut children.
B.A magazine abut animals.
C.A magazine abut hbbies.
答案:
语篇解读 本文主要讲述了大猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣,通过实验,想让人们关注野生猿类的生存问题.子主题为“热爱与敬畏自然,与自然和谐共生”.
1.A 细节理解题.根据第三段中“The apes in these zs can play iPads twice a week.”可知,每周可以玩两次iPad. 2.C 细节理解题.根据第三段中“They are mst interested in apps fr children, such as drawing, music and memry games.”可知,它们最感兴趣的是针对儿童的应用程序,如绘画、音乐和记忆游戏.
3.B 细节理解题.根据第四段中“The apes are amng the mst intelligent animals, and they are as clever as yung children.”可知,大猩猩是最聪明的动物之一,它们和小孩子一样聪明.
4.A细节理解题.根据第五段中“We find that an ape has a tthache. He wuld be able t tuch a picture f a tth n the iPad and cmmunicate in that way”可知,大猩猩可以触摸iPad上的牙齿图片,并通过这种方式进行交流.
5.B 文章主题题.根据全文内容可知,科学家通过实验发现,猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣,因此文章与动物有关.
A.函授的
B.网络的
C.线下的
D.媒体的
A.10 years.
B.12 years.
C.14 years.
A.限制
B.记录
C.花费
A.A tur guide.
B.A stry bk.
C.A newspaper.
A. scared
B. serius
C. careless
D. wrried
A. a tl
B. an influence
C. a pair f scissrs
D. a way f cmmunicatin
A.帮助
B.促进
C.影响
D.进入
A .sleep less
B. live lnger
C. feel lnely
D. get mre jbs
A. argue with
B. cmpete with
C. cnnect with
D. cmpare with
A. Tw times.
B. Three times.
C. Fur times.
A. Wrking.
B. Shpping.
C. Painting.