高中英语牛津译林版 (2020)必修 第三册Welcome to the unit学案

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知识精讲
知识点01 目标词汇
1.take ff 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行；脱下；(飞机)起飞；(事业)腾飞；休假
原文：Sn emjis tk ff thrughut the wrld.
【词块积累】
take away拿走；使离开；消除(病痛等)
take dwn记下来；拿下；拆掉
take up占据；从事
take ut拿出
take n呈现；雇用
take ver接收，接管，取代
take in吸收；理解；欺骗
【链接高考】
（2014安徽卷）At first, they were refused, but nce they were able t persuade that there was mney t be made, the prject tk ff. In 2009 sales were $14,000. 一开始，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服当地农民有钱可赚，项目就启动了。 2009年的销售额为1.4万美元。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
1.It was the ld man that tk ________ that sheet f paper.
是那位老人拿走了那张纸。
2.Yu’d better take ________ what the man says while talking t him.
你和那个人交谈时，最好把他说的话记下来。
3.After the terrible hurricane，the ld city tk ________ a new lk.
可怕的飓风过后这座古城呈现出了新面貌。
4.It is said that the yung man will take ________ the cmpany.
据说，这个年轻人会接管这家公司。
2.access /ˈækses/ n. 机会，权利；路径，通道 vt. 到达，进入，使用
原文：We can achieve almst anything nline--with access t the Internet cme sme truly life-changing advantages.
【词块积累】
(1)have/get/btain/gain access t... 拥有……的机会；可以接近；可以进入
give access t使接近；准许进入
(2)accessible adj.可接近的，可进入的；可使用的
be accessible t...对于……可接近的，可靠近的；可使用的
【链接高考】
（2021天津卷）All applicants must have a driver‘s license and access t a car. Gas will be cvered fr each delivery. 所有的申请者都必须有驾照，并且可以开车。 每次送货都有汽油补贴。
（2020新课标卷I）Many statins have wheelchair access frm the car park r entrance t the statin platfrms. 许多车站的停车场或站台入口处都设有轮椅通道。
（2019全国卷I）These patterns are unique t each persn. Thus, the keybard can determine peple's identities, and by extensin, whether they shuld be given access t the cmputer it's cnnected t—regardless f whether smene gets the passwrd right. 这些模式对每个人来说都是独一无二的。 因此，键盘可以确定用户的身份，进而决定用户是否有权使用键盘所连接的电脑——不管密码是否正确。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
1.A great many fallen rcks cut ff the nly access _______ the destinatin.
2.The guide tld us that the island was ____________(access) nly by bat.
3.Every student in this schl has access t the new library.
→The new library _________________ every student in this schl.
3.bring up 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；抚养，养育；提出（讨论等）；呕吐
原文：(教材P30) In the time it takes t find ne bk in the library，we can use a search engine t bring up millins f results. 在图书馆找一本书所花的时间里，我们可以用搜索引擎找到数百万条的结果。
【词块积累】
bring in 请某人做，让某人参与；引进；获利，赚钱
bring ut 出版；使显现
bring abut 引起；导致
bring dwn 打倒（动物），打落（鸟）；减少，降低
bring back 恢复；使想起
【链接高考】
（2020新课标卷I）When yu were trying t figure ut what t buy fr the envirnmentalist n yur hliday list, fur prbably didn’t crss yur mind. But sme eclgists and fashin (时装)enthusiasts are trying t bring back the market fr fur made frm nutria(海狸鼠). 当你想为你的假日购物清单上的环保主义者买些什么时，你可能不会想到毛皮。 但一些生态学家和时尚爱好者正试图恢复海狸鼠皮草的市场。
（2015陕西卷）The prductin f cffee beans is a huge, prfitable business, but, unfrtunately, full-sun prductin is taking ver the industry and bringing abut a lt f damage. 咖啡豆的生产是一个巨大的、有利可图的行业，但不幸的是，全日照生产正在接管这个行业，并带来了很多损害。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
1.The change f management is an pprtunity t ___________ new talent.
管理层的变化是一个引进新人才的机会。
2.It is beynd my pwer t _____________ the level f unemplyment in this area.
我没有能力降低这个地区的失业率。
3.D these patterns ____________ any memries f yu?
这些图案唤起你什么回忆了吗？
4.I have n sympathy—yu brught it all _____ yurself.
我根本不同情你——这都怪你自己。
5.Next mnth they will ____________ a new editin f the bk.
下个月他们将出版这本书的新版本。
4.majrity /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大部分，大多数； 多数票
原文：(教材P30) N wnder the Internet has nw becme the first place that the majrity f peple turn t fr infrmatin. 难怪互联网现在已经成为大多数人查找信息的首选途径。
【词块积累】
(1)in a/the majrity 占大多数
(2)majr adj.重要的，主要的 n.主修科目 vi.主修，专攻
majr in 主修……
(3)minrity n.少数；少数民族in a/the minrity占少数
注意：the majrity作主语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。
a/the majrity f ＋n.作主语时，谓语动词则常与f后的名词保持一致。
【链接高考】
（2016北京卷）While we shuld prvide “safe spaces” within clleges, we must als make it safe t express pinins and challenge majrity views. 虽然我们应该在大学里提供“安全空间”，但我们也必须确保表达意见和挑战多数意见的安全。
（天津卷）Students are placed int classes accrding t their current language skills. The majrity f them take n nline language test befre starting their prgramme. 学生们根据他们目前的语言技能被安排到班级。 大多数学生在开始学习之前都要参加在线语言测试。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
①The student, (majr) in ecnmics at cllege, made a cmment n the matter.
②The (majr) f wrking wmen are in lw-paid jbs. .
5.arrangement n. 安排，筹备；布置，安排方式；约定，商定
原文：(教材P31) When yu wish t g n hliday, yu can make all yur travel arrangements just in frnt f the cmputer.
你想去度假，在电脑前就能安排所有的旅游行程。
【词块积累】
(1) make arrangements/an arrangement fr...为……做安排
(2)arrange vt.安排；准备
arrange t d sth. 安排做某事
arrange fr sb. t d sth. 安排某人做某事
【链接高考】
（2019天津卷）Fd webs may be dminated by many weak links because that arrangement is mre stable ver the lng term. 食物网可能由许多薄弱环节控制，因为这种安排从长期来看更稳定。
（2014安徽卷）Fr time and life can seem s uncntrllable that a steady serial（顺序排列的）arrangement is cmfrting. 因为时间和生活似乎是不可控制的，稳定的顺序安排是令人欣慰的。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
① I hear that yu have heard frm him. Have yu arranged __________(meet) him?
②I have arranged fr her __________(write) fr the new clumn.
6.abve all else 最重要的是，尤其是
原文：Abve all else，the Internet helps us establish and maintain scial ties.
【词块积累】
all in all 总而言之
in all总共；共计
at all 根本；全然(常用于否定句、条件句中加强语气)
abve all 首先；最重要的是
first f all 首先
after all毕竟，终究，不管怎么说
【链接高考】
In this matter we must place the cmmn cause abve all else.
在这件事情上，我们必须把共同事业放在高于一切的位置上。
What cncerns me abve all else is that in a recessin gvernments shuld be encuraging business t find ways t cut csts. 最让我担心的是，在经济衰退时期，政府应该鼓励企业寻找削减成本的方法。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
① We must wrk，and ____________ we must have faith in urselves.
我们必须工作，最重要的是我们必须相信自己。
②“__________，everyne has bad days and gd days，” he said.(2019·浙江)
他说：“毕竟每个人都有糟糕的日子和好日子。”
③____________ I admire thse yung sldiers fr their faithfulness.
总之，我很崇拜那些忠诚的年轻士兵。
④____________，it is nw easier t replace an bject than t spend time and mney t repair it.
首先，现在替换一样东西比花时间和金钱修补它更容易。
7.aware adj. 知道，意识到；察觉到，发觉；有……意识的
原文：(教材P31) As with any great inventin, we must be aware f these prblems and be careful t use the Internet prperly and respnsibly. 就像任何伟大的发明一样，我们必须意识到这些问题，并恰当地、负责任地谨慎使用互联网。
【词块积累】
(1)be/becme aware f意识到；觉察；了解
be aware that...意识到/知道……
as far as I’m aware据我所知
awareness n.意识
raise awareness提高认识
(3)unaware adj.没有意识到的，不知道的
【链接高考】
（2018江苏卷）By the time they started secndary schl—at age 11—children were already far mre aware f their image nline and felt under huge pressure t ensure their psts were ppular, the reprt fund. 报告发现，孩子们11岁上中学时，就已经对自己在网上的形象有了更深刻的认识，并感到了确保自己帖子受欢迎的巨大压力。
（2016新课标卷I）Nurses and ther care-givers need t be aware f the pssible meanings f silence when they cme acrss the persnal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.当护士和其他护理人员遇到他们的病人可能正在经历的个人焦虑时，他们需要意识到沉默的可能含义。
（2016新课标卷I）Her ppular 1962 bk Silent Spring raised awareness f the dangers f pllutin and the harmful effects f chemicals n humans and n the wrld’s lakes and ceans. 1962年她出版的畅销书《寂静的春天》提高了人们认识污染危险和化学品对人类以及世界湖泊和海洋的有害影响。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
1.It was several minutes befre I ________________ what had ccurred.
过了几分钟后我才意识到发生了什么。
2.______________________，n ne knws hw t preserve these chemicals.
据我所知，没有人知道如何保存这些化学品。
3.There are lts f ways t raise _____________(aware) fr a cause.(2019·浙江)
知识点02 重点句型
1.Yu can have fd delivered t yu using fd delivery apps and sites.
【句式分析】
本句中的have fd delivered是have sth. dne结构。
表示“使某事被做，请/让/叫别人做某事”，可翻译成“请人做某事”或“主语遭遇到某事”。
其中过去分词dne在句中作宾语补足语，表示被动意义。
have sth. dne使/让别人做某事；使遭受……
have sb. /sth. ding使/让某人(物) 持续地做某事
have sb. /sth. d使/让某人(物) 去做某事
【跟踪典例】完成句子
(1)The ld cmputer desn’t wrk，and I will have it __________(repair) sn.
(2)My teacher had me _________(write) a shrt passage yesterday.
(3)It’s cld. We shuld have the fire ___________(burn) all the time.
2.(教材P31) N matter where we are, we are able t keep in cntact with lved nes, find lng­lst friends and discver whle new cmmunities wh share ur hbbies. 无论我们在哪里，我们都能与所爱的人保持联系，找到失散已久的朋友，并发现与我们有共同爱好的全新群体。
【句式分析】
(1)本句中的n matter where we are是“n matter ＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句。
(2)n matter常与what/wh/when/where/hw/whether/which等连用，表示“无论……；不管……”。
(3)n matter＋what/wh/where/when/hw等，可以改为“what/wh/where/when/hw等＋-­ever”的形式。
“n matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，
而“wh-­ever”不仅可以引导让步状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句。
【跟踪典例】完成句子
(1)________________________________ he ges，he always dnates sme mney t the hmeless.
无论他去哪里，他总是捐些钱给无家可归的人。
(2)________________________________ breaks the law，he r she will be punished.
无论谁触犯了法律都会受到惩罚的。
(3)Yu can take ____________ yu like when yu get there.
你到了那里，喜欢什么就拿什么。
能力拓展
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
一、根据汉语意思填写单词
1．The __________ (边界) twn bmed dwn when gld was discvered nearby.
2．The schl has __________ (建立) a successful relatinship with the lcal cmmunity.
3．She wanted the celebratin t be a simple family __________ (事情) .
4．He can be relied n t prvide __________ (滑稽的) relief at a bring party.
5．The system has been designed t give students quick and easy ________(方式，途径) t the digital resurces f the library.
6．The________(大多数) f bys like playing basketball.
7．________(显然), the students are nt interested in the subject.
8．The whle family are trying t ________ (移除) the muntains standing near his hme.
9．Peple shuld be ___________ (有意识的) f the imprtance f prtecting cultural relics.
10．It was very thughtful f yu t make an ________(安排) fr us.
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
11．We are __________ (bvius) ging t need mre help fr such a messy jb.
12．All _________ (arrange) fr the meeting have been made s far.
13．They are an ________ (establish) cmpany with a gd reputatin.
14．Of the three clumns abut health, entertainment and culture, my suggestin is that the clumn f entertainment _____ (remve).
15．I dn’t knw hw they managed ________(bring) up fur children.
16．In __________ instant, he tk ff his cat and jumped int the river.
17．During the epidemic, we had fd and vegetables __________ (deliver) t ur hme t keep us safe.
18．He brught __________ a practical plan in the meeting, which brught dwn the cst f prductin.
19．When it cmes t educatin, the __________ (majr ) f peple believe that it is a lifetime study.
20．Thrugh the discussin, we are aware __________ the imprtance f carrying ut a lw carbn ecnmy in ur cuntry.
21．If yu are interested, please sign up at the ffice befre 5：00 pm next Thursday s that we will make necessary ________ (arrange).
22．________ (suffer) such heavy pllutin already, the river needs cleaning up immediately．
23．________(spend) t much time nline is unhealthy.
24．A great number f clleges and universities ________(establish) since 1949.
25．Yur presence and________ (guide) are requested.
26．Drug abuse has lng been a ________ (majrity) prblem fr the authrities there.
27．The ________(wait)rm is always full f all kinds f peple.
28．The 1980s brught an ________ (aware) f green issues.
29．It is still ________ (technical) pssible fr them t win.
30．When can yu take ________ (deliver) f the car?
题组B 能力提升练
三、阅读理解
Thrughut histry, many species f animals have been threatened with extinctin. When Eurpeans first arrived in Nrth America, mre than 60 millin buffal (水牛) lived n the cntinent. Yet hunting the buffal was s ppular during the 19th century that by 1900 the animal’s ppulatin had fallen t abut 400 befre the gvernment stepped in t prtect the species. In sme cuntries tday, the elephant faces a similar challenge, as illegal hunters kill the animals fr the ivry in their tusks.
Yet nt all animals with cmmercial value face this threat (威胁).The cw, fr example, is a valuable surce f fd, but n ne wrries that the cw will sn be extinct. Why des the cmmercial value f ivry threaten the elephant. while the cmmercial value f beef prtects the cw?
The reasn is that elephants are a cmmn resurce, while cws are private gds. Elephants wander freely withut any wners. The hunter has a strng mtivatin t kill as many elephants as he can find. Because illegal hunters are numerus, each has nly a slight mtivatin t preserve the elephant ppulatin. By cntrast, cattle live n farms that are privately wned. Each farmer makes great effrt t maintain the cattle ppulatin n his farm because he harvests the benefit f these effrts.
Gvernments have tried t slve the elephant’s prblem in tw ways. Sme cuntries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal t kill elephants and sell their ivry. Yet these laws have been hard t put int effect, and elephant ppulatins have cntinued t dwindle. By cntrast, ther cuntries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private gds and allwed peple t kill elephants, but nly thse n their wn prperty.
With private wnership and the prfit mtive nw n its side, the African elephant might smeday be as safe frm extinctin as the cw. The ancient Greek philspher Aristtle pinted ut the prblem with cmmn resurces: “What is cmmn t many is taken least care f, fr all men have greater regard fr what is their wn than fr what they pssess in cmmn with thers.”
31．Why des the authr mentin buffal in paragraph 1?
A．T intrduce a similar threat t elephants.
B．T prvide an example f species extinctin.
C．T ffer an explanatin fr gvernment plicies.
D．T present the statistics f the buffal in America.
32．Why d elephants face threats while cws are safe?
A．They are under different law prtectin
B．They attract different grups f hunters
C．They cntain different cmmercial value
D．They represent different wnership types
33．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Bans n killing elephants fr ivry
B．Effective laws fr elephant prtectin.
C．Methds f making elephants private gds
D．Gvernment plicies n the elephant’s prblem
34．What can we learn frm Aristtle’s wrds?
A．Peple hld little regard fr thers’ prperty
B．Peple want t prfit frm cmmn resurces
C．Peple care mre abut their wn pssessin
D．Peple tend t take what they wn fr granted
题组C 培优拔尖练
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China Cnsumers Assciatin has criticized KFC, a ___35___（lead）chicken fast-fd chain, fr using a limited number f blind bx sales t lure custmers t ver-purchase its fd and cause fd waste.
The assciatin said n its website n Wednesday that such marketing can lead t impulsive and excessive cnsumptin t btain the limited editin blind bxes, ___36___ is “against public rder and the spirit f the law”.
The article ___37___（pst）after KFC China cllabrated with tp dmestic blind bx tymaker Pp Mart t ffer 260, 000 dlls with its 99 yuan（$15.60）family-sized chicken bucket frm Jan 4. The dll set features seven mdels f Dim, ___38___ ppular character created by Pp Mart，with ne irregular mdel and six regular ___39___, meaning custmers have t pay at least 594 yuan t cllect a cmplete set.
KFC's fast fd shuld be cnsumed in time and purchased n demand, the assciatin said. The Anti-Fd Waste Law ___40___（adpt）in April clearly demands that fd peratrs shuld resist fd waste, prmpt custmers t cnsume mderately and take measures t prevent waste rather than ___41___（attract）them t purchase excessively, it said.
The assciatin als said that custmers shuld cnsume ___42___（science）and ratinally and resist undesirable cnsumptin ___43___ （behave）.
Neither Pp Mart nr KFC China respnded t requests fr cmment. KFC custmer service said the dlls are still ____44____ sale and custmers can cnsult lcal utlets fr details.
目标词汇
1. ________ n.连环漫画；喜剧演员adj.滑稽的；喜剧的
2. ________n.国界，边界；尖端，边缘
3. ________ n.程度，限度；范围
4. ________ n.点击，单击；咔哒声 vi.& vt.使发出咔哒声；点击；单击
5. ________ adj.军事的，军队的
6. ________ n.公共事务，政治事务；事件，事情
7. ________ n.站点，网站；地点；现场
8. ________ vt.建立(关系或联系)；设立；确立；使得到认可；查实，确定
9. ________ n.议论，评论；批评，指责 vi.& vt.表达意见
10. ________ vt.& vi.(互联网上)冲浪，浏览；进行冲浪运动
11. ________ n.准则，指导方针；参考
目标短语
1. _____________ 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行
2. _____________ 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出
3. _____________ 掌握(信息)，熟悉、精通(知识等)，了如指掌
4. _____________ 最重要的是，尤其是
5. _____________ 引起，导致
6. _____________ 与……取得联系
7. _____________ 在于
8. _____________ 在一定程度上
9. _____________ 与……保持联系
10. _____________ 在乎
11. _____________ 各种各样的
12. _____________ 切断
句型
have sth. dne结构
“n matter ＋特殊疑问词”引导让步状语从句