专题二 七选五-2024五年高考题分类训练（英语）

这是一份专题二 七选五-2024五年高考题分类训练（英语），共52页。
Taking respnsibility fr mistakes is a psitive step, but dn't beat yurself up abut them. T err（犯错） is human. 1 D Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this.
In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading "Persnal strengths." 2 B Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn't have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu're prud f.
At the tp f a secnd page, put the heading "Acts f kindness." On this ne, list all the psitive things yu've dne fr thers. It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked, r when yu baked ckies after the family had had a tiring day. 3 F
Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list. 4 C That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh. In fact, dn't wait until yu've made a mistake t try this — it's a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.
It's smething f a cliché（陈词滥调） that mst peple learn nt frm their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. 5 G We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a psitive way t develp and grw.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It's just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn't mean yu have t ignre what's happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
1. D
[解析]本文的主题是自我原谅，空前两句和空后一句都没有提到frgiveness，再结合空后的"help yu d this"和下文的内容可知，空处一定会提到frgiveness及它的重要性。故选D项。
2. B
[解析]根据空前的"Persnal strengths"和空后的例子可知，B项"现在列出所有你喜欢的关于你自己的特点"承上启下，符合逻辑。
3. F
[解析]空前讲述了列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情，F项"不管是什么事，不管它看起来可能有多小，把它写下来"总结上文，符合逻辑。
4. C
[解析]空前讲述了你可以让朋友或家人帮你往列表添加东西，C项"他们甚至可能想尝试这样做"承接上文。C项中的They指代前面的"a friend r family member"。
5. G
[解析]根据空后的内容可知，我们都在改变并一直在学习。G项中的"it isn't a fixed aspect f yur persnality"和空后的"We're all changing"形成对比。
解读：本文介绍了自我原谅的一些具体方法。自我原谅的具体方法包括罗列个人优点、列举自己帮助别人的事迹和让别人帮你指出优点。
Passage 2 [2023新课标卷Ⅱ, 12.5分]
As an artist wh shares her jurney n scial media, I'm ften asked by curius fllwers hw t begin an art jurney. Unfrtunately, there is n magic list I can ffer. I d remember, thugh, what it was like t be a cmplete beginner. S I've put tgether sme gd tips fr starting an art jurney.
●Start small. I suggest using a sketchbk（素描本） fr small studies. These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future. 1 C Yu'll want t lk back n yur jurney t see hw far yu've cme.
●Paint ften and paint frm life. There's n better way t imprve than t put in thse brush miles. Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible. 2 G
●Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. 3 A Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. Welcme t the club; we've all been there. I lve taking n challenges. I nce tk up a challenge t create a painting every day fr a mnth and pst the wrks nline.
● 4 D Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback（反馈） is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and, in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple. They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability.
The jurney yu're n wn't fllw a straight path. 5 E Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life.
A. Get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
B. Make career plans and set gals.
C. Dn't thrw away yur beginner art.
D. Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s.
E. Yu'll hit radblcks, and yu'll feel discuraged at times.
F. Evaluate yur perfrmance and, if needed, redefine yur rle.
G. Yu'll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin.
1. C
[解析]空后一句讲到了"Yu'll want t lk back n yur jurney t see hw far yu've cme"（你会想要回顾自己的旅程，看看自己已经走了多远），因此空处应该会做一个关于"看什么来回顾"的铺垫，C项中的"yur beginner art"可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在走了多远，故C项符合语境。
2. G
[解析]空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句讲到了"Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible"（无论你是画静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能多地写生），G项"你将培养出只有重复才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆"讲到这样做的目的和好处，承接上文，符合语境。
3. A
[解析]根据本段的主旨句"Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new"可知，本段主要围绕"不断挑战自我去尝试新事物"展开，且空后讲到了"Artistic grwth can be a bit painful"（艺术之旅的成长有时会有些令人痛苦），A项"走出你的舒适区"符合语境，且能引出下文，故选A项。
4. D
[解析]结合本空的位置可知，本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的"Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback（反馈） is make me feel valued and respected"可知，本段讲到了可以利用社交媒体寻求建设性的反馈以及这样做的好处，故D项"分享你的作品，如果这样做让你觉得舒服"适合作本段的主旨句。
5. E
[解析]空前一句讲到了"The jurney yu're n wn't fllw a straight path"（你的旅途不会一路平坦），而空后讲到了"Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt"（坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力），这是面对困境时的做法，因此空处应承接上一句，讲到旅途中的困难，故E项"你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到沮丧"符合语境。
解读：本文作者是一个艺术家，作者以第一人称的口吻向自己的粉丝传授初学者开启艺术之旅的一些技巧和建议。
【核心词汇】 put tgether汇集，组织 springbard n.（使某事得以开始的） 跳板，助推因素 lk back n回顾，回忆
cntinually adv.不断地，频繁地 take n challenges接受挑战
be crucial t对……至关重要 in turn相应地
Passage 3 [2023全国卷乙, 10分]
Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways they are the unsung heres f the hme. 1 B, but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple's wellbeing by imprving their md（心情），reducing stress and helping their memry. What's mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
What are indr plants？
Indr plants, als knwn as huseplants r pt plants, are plants that like t grw indrs. Many f these species（物种） are nt ideally suited t grwing utside in the UK, especially in the winter. 2 D
Why are indr plants gd fr yu？
Will Spelstra, wh wrks at the Ryal Btanic Gardens, says," 3 C. I find during the winter mnths, plants arund the huse can really lift yur md." Several studies have backed this up and fund that indr plants can imprve creativity, fcus and memry. There is als research shwing that pt plants can clean the air arund them by remving harmful gases, such as carbn dixide. They als remve sme harmful chemicals frm paints r cking. 4 E
Which plants can yu grw？
Ale vera, peace lilies and spider plants are sme f the species that are easy t grw indrs. Yu can buy plants frm supermarkets, garden centres r nline. Yunger plants are ften cheaper than fully grwn nes, and yu get t care fr them as they mature — which is part f the jy f wning plants." 5 G," Spelstra says. "It can bring a new interest and fcus int peple's lives and help t make the link between hme and nature."
A. All plants are different
B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful
C. There are many benefits t grwing plants indrs
D. Instead, they grw better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are amng the best
F. Changing the pt f yur plant frm time t time will als help
G. Learning abut the requirements f each plant can be very rewarding
1. B
[解析]空后表明室内绿植还可以通过改善心情、减轻压力、增进记忆力来提升人们的幸福感，且空后的but与B项中的Nt nly在意思上构成递进关系。故选B。
2. D
[解析]上文说在英国许多这样的物种不适宜在室外生长，特别是在冬季，和D项"相反，它们在室内更温暖的地方长势更好"构成转折关系。故选D。
3. C
[解析]根据本段小标题和本段内容可知，该段主要讲述了室内种植绿植有许多好处，此处引用别人的话也应呼应这一主题。故选C。
4. E
[解析]空格位于段尾，与上文存在例证关系，上文说盆栽可以通过消除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气，还可以消除一些来自油漆或烹饪的有害化学物质。E项列举了此类盆栽中两个最好的例子：和平百合和绿萝，符合语境。
5. G
[解析]空后It指代该空内容，说明这样做可以给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点并帮助人们增强家与自然的联系。故G项"了解每种植物的习性会很有益处"符合语境。
解读：室内绿植不仅可以净化空气，还可以改善人们的心情、减轻压力和增进记忆力。
【核心词汇】 indr adj.室内的 prmte v. 促进，提升
wellbeing n.幸福 ideally adv. 完美地，绝好地
题组二
Passage 1 [2023全国卷甲, 10分]
Tricks T Becming A Mre Patient Persn
Here's a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There's ne answer: 1 G
In the Digital Age, we're used t having what we need immediately and right at ur fingertips. Hwever, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whle lt better ff. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude（感激）
Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic. 2 E. "Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl," said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia.
●Make yurself wait
Instant gratificatin（满足） may seem like the mst "feel gd" ptin at the time, but psychlgy research suggests waiting fr things actually makes us happier in the lng run. And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. 3 B. Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. Yu'll sn find that the mre patience yu practice, the mre yu start t apply it t ther, mre annying situatins.
● 4 C
S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. Yu shuld learn t say t yurself, " 5 F." Yu'll then gradually becme mre patient.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They're all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
1. G
[解析]根据空前的"There's ne answer"可知，本空要回答前面的问题"What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn?"（交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处呢？）。根据文章标题"Tricks T Becming A Mre Patient Persn"和常识可知，这三种情况都需要人们多点耐心，故G项符合语境。
2. E
[解析]本段第一句讲到了"Thankfulness has a lt f benefits"（感恩有很多好处），空前讲到了一些好处"it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic"（它让我们更快乐、压力更小，甚至更乐观），因此，空处讲到的应该还是好处，且涉及主题"耐心"，故E项"它也可以帮助我们练习更耐心"符合语境，E项中的als与上句形成了递进关系。
3. B
[解析]根据空前的"the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice"（我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习）可知，空处讲到的应该是如何练习，结合空后的"Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake"（把看你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末，或者多等10分钟再去吃那个蛋糕）可知，此处讲到的都是一些细小的事情。B项"从小任务开始"承上启下，故B项符合语境。
4. C
[解析]本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的"when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances"（当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对状况感到不耐烦）可知，本段主要围绕如何在不舒服的情况下培养耐心展开，故C项"接受不舒服"适合作本段的主旨句。
5. F
[解析]本段主要讲到了"接受不舒服"，因此，空处讲到的也是在不舒服的情况下，自己可以给自己的心理暗示，故F项"This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable"（这只是令人不舒服，并不是让人无法忍受）符合语境，且能引出下文"Yu'll then gradually becme mre patient"（然后，你就会逐渐变得更加有耐心）。
解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了变耐心的一些方法。
【核心词汇】riddle n.谜，无法解释的情况
have sth. at ne's fingertips有……随时可供使用
fster v.促进，助长，培养，鼓励 in the lng run从长远来看
get int the habit f养成……的习惯
Passage 2 [2023浙江1月，12.5分]
With gas prices rising and airprt security lines snaking lnger than ever, why nt bk yur next dmestic vacatin n a train? Cmpared t ther alternatives, it's cmfrtable and relaxing. Here is sme advice n hw t make a trip by rail as pleasant as pssible.
Plan ahead. Mst lng-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accmmdatins, sell ut very quickly. 1 D But n matter when yu travel, it's a gd idea t make yur reservatins at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Cnsider turning yur travel plan ver t a travel agent and letting him duble-check all the details, make suggestins, and then handle the actual reservatins. A gd ne can smetimes find yu discunted tickets. 2 G Then yu wn't have t walk thrugh several cars n a mving train three times a day fr yur meals.
Bring a blanket. When yu're riding n trains, yu wn't be prvided with a blanket fr free, even if yur trip is an vernight ne. 3 C In the summer in particular, the air cnditining can make them quite cld.
Arrive early. Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing yurs can be a disaster. 4 E Nte: The times listed n the schedules are departure times, nt arrival times.
Have fun. 5 A Read a bk, knit, d a crsswrd puzzle, r simply watch the wrld unfld utside the windw. T calculate yur speed as yu d, divide 3,600 （the number f secnds in an hur） by the number f secnds it takes yu t travel ne mile （the distance between tw milepsts）. If it takes the train 53 secnds t travel ne mile, yu're ging 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren't fr impatient types.
B. Yu'll have views frm bth sides f the train.
C. The temperature n rail cars is ften hard t cntrl.
D. That's particularly true during busy summer mnths.
E. Yu might have t wait lnger than 24 hurs t catch the next ne.
F. Chances are the cst will be a lt less than the cst f ne bedrm.
G. He may als bk yu in a sleeping car that's right next t the diner.
1. D
[解析]分析语境寻线索：空前的句子提供的信息是"大多数长途火车票，尤其是卧铺票，很快就会卖完"→对比选项定答案：D项"夏天旺季的时候尤其如此"符合语境。解题时，可以着重关注选项中的代词That和空后一句中的连词But，以帮助厘清段落中的逻辑。
2. G
[解析]空前的句子主要陈述代理人能给旅行者带来的好处：可以帮忙订到打折票。选项G则陈述了另外一个好处：可以帮忙订到离就餐车厢近的卧铺车厢。而空后的句子是对选项G的进一步补充：这样的话，你就不需要在移动的火车上每天三次穿过几节车厢去就餐。解题时，可以着重关注选项中的副词als和空后一句中的副词Then，以帮助厘清段落中的逻辑。
3. C
[解析]从空后句子中的"in particular"可以看出，这句话是对空处的进一步解释。选项C"车厢中的温度经常很难控制"和空后的句子"尤其是夏天，空调会使车厢变得很冷"在逻辑上吻合。
4. E
[解析]空前的句子提供的信息是"大多数火车一天只有一个班次，甚至有的火车一周只有三个班次，所以错过你的班次简直是一种灾难"，选项E"如果要坐下一班次的车，你可能得等超过24小时"是对空前句子的进一步解释。
5. A
[解析]空后的句子罗列了一些在火车上可以做的事情，比如读书、编织、做填字游戏、看窗外的风景，甚至计算火车的速度，这些都是需要耐心的活动，所以空处应该起到引出这些活动的作用。A项"火车旅行不适合没耐心的人"可以很好地实现这一功能。
【易错点拨】 本题的干扰项是B项，B项主要的问题是无法和后面的"Read a bk, knit, d a crsswrd puzzle"进行衔接。
解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些使火车旅行更舒适的建议。
【核心词汇】 dmestic adj. 国内的 alternative n.可供选择的事物
reservatin n. 预订 turn sth. ver t sb. 把……移交给（他人管理）
discunt v. 打折扣 unfld v. 展现，呈现；展开
【熟词新义】snake 常用义：n. 蛇 本文义：v. 蜿蜒前进
Passage 3 [2022新高考卷Ⅰ，12.5分]
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled "Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner." One reasn was: "Yu'll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym," while anther read: " 1 C" With a wrkut partner, yu will increase yur training effrt as there is a subtle（微妙） cmpetitin.
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn. 2 D Or d yu just want t be physically fit, able t mve with strength and flexibility? Think abut the exercises yu wuld like t d with yur wrkut partner.
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn't result in a useful respnse. 3 B If yu plan n wrking ut in a gym, that persn must belng t the same gym.
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. 4 G
Yu and yur partner will prbably have different skills. 5 F Over time, bth f yu will benefit — yur partner will be able t lift mre weights and yu will becme mre physically fit. The cre（核心） f yur relatinship is that yu will always be there t help each ther.
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu'll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd "seeking a training partner" ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
1. C
[解析]根据空后一句"有一个运动伙伴，你将会训练得更努力，因为你们之间有一种微妙的竞争"可知，C项"如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力"符合语境。空后一句中的"yu will increase yur training effrt "与C项中的"Yu'll wrk harder"语义一致。故选C。
2. D
[解析]由空后的问句及连词Or可知，空处也应用一般疑问句，询问你的锻炼需求，与空前一句中的"decide what yu want"呼应。
【技巧点拨】 根据句式结构解题。D项中的"D yu want t be"与空后的"Or d yu just want t be"在行文逻辑和语言结构方面都非常契合。
3. B
[解析]根据空后一句"如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人（你的伙伴）一定得是同一个健身房的"可知，空处内容应该与运动伙伴所在的位置有关。由此可知，B项"运动伙伴通常需要住在附近"符合语境，故选B。
4. G
[解析]空前介绍了作者的运动伙伴发布的寻找运动伙伴的通知的内容，故空处也应与帖子内容有关。G项"任何寻找训练伙伴的通知都应包括这些信息"符合语境，故选G。
【技巧点拨】 空处位于段尾，一般具有总结和归纳的作用。G项是对这类通知所包含信息的归纳和概括，并起到强调作用。
5. F
[解析]根据空前"你和你的伙伴可能有不同的技能"可推知，F项"接受你和运动伙伴之间的不同之处，学会合作"符合语境，F项中的"differences"对应空前的"different"，故选F。
解读：本文主要讲述了人们与同伴一起运动的诸多好处，以及如何才能找到一个好的运动伙伴。
【核心词汇】fitness n.健康 shw up 露面，出现
physically adv.身体上 flexibility n.灵活性
sessin n.一段时间，一节 clse by在不远处，在近旁
【熟词新义】1.run 常用义：v. 跑 本文义：v. 发表，刊登
2.title 常用义：n. 标题 本文义：v. 加标题
3.list 常用义：n. 列表，清单 本文义：v. 列出
题组三
Passage 1 [2022新高考卷Ⅱ，12.5分]
Writing an essay is a difficult prcess fr mst peple. Hwever, the prcess can be made easier if yu learn t practice three simple techniques.
1 D When yu are first trying t think f ideas fr an essay, put yur pen t yur paper and write nnstp fr ten r fifteen minutes withut letting yur pen leave the paper. Stay lse and free. 2 B Dn't wrry abut grammar r spelling. Even thugh this technique wn't wrk fr everyne, it helps many peple get a gd stre f ideas t draw n.
The next technique is t write yur draft rapidly withut wrrying abut being perfect. 3 EYet, by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled （弄皱） paper. Think f yur first draft as a path cut ut f the jungle — as part f an explratin, nt as a cmplete highway.
The third technique is t try printing ut a triple-spaced （三倍行距） cpy t allw space fr revisin. 4 F As a result, these writers never get in the habit f crssing ut chunks （大块） f their draft and writing revisins in the blank space. After yu have revised yur draft until it is t messy t wrk frm anymre, yu can enter yur changes int yur wrd prcessr. 5 G The resulting blank space invites yu t revise.
A. Make sure yur handwriting is neat.
B. Let yur pen fllw the waves f thught.
C. The secnd draft f the essay shuld be better.
D. First f all, learn the technique f nnstp writing.
E. T many writers try t get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers dn't leave enugh space t revise.
G. Then yu can print ut a fresh draft, again setting yur text n triple-space.
1. D
[解析]根据空后内容可知，当你第一次想写一篇文章时，不间断地写10或15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。由此可知，本段主要讲的技巧是要学会不间断地写。再结合空处所在位置可推知，空处是本段的主题句，故D项符合语境。
【技巧点拨】 从文章结构入手快速解题。本文为"总—分"结构，第一段提出"learn t practice three simple techniques"，第二段至第四段分别讲述了三个技巧，D项中的"First f all"与第三段开头的"The next technique"和第四段开头的"The third technique"相呼应。同时利用"nnstp"这一关键词的复现也可快速解题。
2. B
[解析]根据空前的"Stay lse and free"和空后的"Dn't wrry abut grammar r spelling"可知，空处应说按自己心里想的内容写，自由发挥，故B项符合语境。
3. E
[解析]根据空前内容可知，下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。根据空后内容可知，通过学习与不完美共存，你将不会头痛，也不会有一个装满皱巴巴纸张的废纸篓。E项中的"get their drafts right"和上文的"perfect"呼应，说明很多人想第一次就写好，但这是很难的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E项承上启下，符合语境。
4. F
[解析]根据空前内容可知，第三种方法是尝试打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。F项中的"revise"和前面的"revisin"呼应，"Many beginning writers"和下文的"these writers"呼应，且F项指出了许多新手写作者不留足够修改空间的做法，空后一句就说明了这种不良做法的结果。故选F。
5. G
[解析]根据空前内容可知，修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续用后，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。而空后讲到，由此产生的空白允许你修改。因此空处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G项提到了输入到文字处理器后的做法，其中的"triple-space"和下文的"The resulting blank space"呼应，故选G项。
解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【核心词汇】 imperfectin n.不完美 revisin n.修改，修订
get in the habit f 养成……习惯 crss ut 删掉
【熟词新义】lse 常用义：adj. 松动的 本文义：adj. 不受束缚的
Passage 2 [2022全国卷乙，10分]
Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain（保持） lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact（联系） and share with ne anther. With busy schedules， squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. 1 D
·Mre isn't always merrier
Make sure yu have cmmunicated with yur friend abut hw frequently each f yu wants t be cntacted and what methd wrks best fr yu bth. 2 E.There are alternatives t cnstant written cmmunicatin， such as leaving vice messages r having a grup chat.
·Practise empathy（共情）
3 G. The friend wh is remaining needs t be sensitive t all the additinal time demands placed n the friend wh has mved. The ne in the new envirnment shuld be sympathetic t the fact that yur friend may feel abandned.
· 4 A
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships. Althugh technlgy might make day-t-day cmmunicatin pssible， extra effrt ges a lng way n special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track f friends' birthdays and ther imprtant dates will make sure nthing slips by yu.
·Dn't rely n technlgy alne
5 F， but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
1. D
[解析]空前提到双方忙碌，可能会难以找到时间打电话。根据该段小标题"Set a regular date"可知，此段主要建议朋友间设定一个固定时间来联系，对应选项D中的"Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu"，故选D。
2. E
[解析]根据空前的"Make sure yu have yu bth"以及空后的"There grup chat"可知，空处内容应与交流方式相关。空前的"what methd wrks best fr yu bth"与选项E中的"their preferred methds f cmmunicatin"对应，故选E。
3. G
[解析]该段中的"The friend wh is remaining""the friend wh has mved"分别对应选项G中的"the ne wh was left behind""the friend wh left"，故选G。
4. A
[解析]根据语境和常识可知，"Anniversaries" "birthdays"均为重要的日子，再结合该段中的"keeps track f friends' birthdays and ther imprtant dates"可知选A。
5. F
[解析]根据空后的"but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain"中的关键词but可知，空处内容与空后内容为转折关系，且该段小标题"Dn't rely n technlgy alne"中的"technlgy"与选项F中的"scial media"在本文中为近似概念，故F项符合语境。
解读：本文介绍了维持异地友谊的五种方法。
【核心词汇】 squeeze in sth. 挤出时间做某事
be sensitive t 体恤；对……感到敏感
additinal adj.额外的 sympathetic adj. 有同情心的
keep track f 了解……的动态，与……保持联系
cmpensate v.弥补；赔偿
Passage 3 [2022全国卷甲，10分]
Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette（礼节） might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. 1 D.Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
The way yu handle chpsticks is imprtant t avid annying yur cmpanins. When yu put them dwn between bites, always put them dwn tgether s they are parallel with the edge f the table in frnt f yu. 2 F
Hands r Utensils（餐具）
In India and the Middle East, it's cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. 3 C, instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
Making Requests
4 G. In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn't like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries. 5 B, the mre cmfrtable yu'll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It's a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
1. D
[解析]空前一句讲到了"与文化有关的用餐礼仪中的一些重要规则可能会让你惊讶"，空后则讲到了"知道一些窍门儿有助于确保你用餐愉快"。因此，空处应该与不知道那些用餐礼仪可能会造成的后果有关，故D项符合语境。
2. F
[解析]结合常识可以判断，F项"Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them"中的三个"them"指的都是chpsticks，且F项讲到的是筷子礼仪，符合本段主题。
3. C
[解析]结合空前的"In India and the Middle "和空后的"In spns"可知，空处讲到的应该也是某个国家的风俗，选项中符合语境的只有C项，且C项与空后的"instead preferring t use their hands"语义连贯，故C项符合语境。
4. G
[解析]结合小标题"Making Requests"可知，本段主要讲到了在就餐时发出请求，G项的"a simple request""ask fr salt and pepper"符合语境，对应空后一句中的"this"，故选G项。
5. B
[解析]根据空后的"the mre "可知，此处是固定句型"the+比较级，the+比较级"，由此锁定选项A和B。结合语境可知，你在特定的国家待的时间越长，你就会对它的文化习俗感到越自在，故B项符合语境。
解读：本文主要介绍了在不同国家就餐时需要注意的一些事情，如餐具的使用、如何发出请求等。
题组四
Passage 1 [2022浙江，10分]
I have a drawer full f letters t Santa. Each year my children wuld write up their Christmas wish lists. They were plite requests fr the latest game r ty. As the children gt lder, they wuld give Santa sme hints （提示） n where t buy their presents. 1 D
Thse letters taught my children a valuable lessn abut writing: It has a purpse. Smetimes ur purpse is t achieve smething; ther times it may be t entertain, infrm, r persuade. 2 B And when writing desn't seem t have any purpse r get any kind f meaningful respnse, then it can be hard t get excited abut ding it.
Christmas is a great time f year fr children t cmmunicate with thers thrugh writing. When children write fr real audiences and real purpses, they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly. 3 E Yu write "Dear Santa" because yu dn't knw him persnally and yu want t shw him respect.
4 F Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages. Hwever, because they are usually writing t family and friends, they use infrmal language mst f the time.
There is nthing wrng with this kind f writing. It suits the audience and the purpse and gets the jb dne. 5 G This type f writing wn't be rewarded by the schl examiner, nr by a future emplyer r a ptential client. The very best cmmunicatrs are thse wh knw hw t adjust their language t match their audience.
A. It isn't that these yung peple can't write.
B. But it is always purpseful — r at least it shuld be.
C. The age f pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received smething they wanted.
E. Yu write "Hi Nanna and Pp" because yu are clse t them.
F. As technlgy develps, yung peple are writing mre than they ever have.
G. But if this is the nly kind f writing yung peple d, it will cause prblems.
1. D
[解析]空前讲述了作者的孩子们在圣诞节给圣诞老人写信的事情，本空承接上一句，而上一句讲到了"they wuld give Santa sme hints（提示）n where t buy their presents"，因此，空处应该会交代他们这么写信的结果，故D项符合语境。
2. B
[解析]空前介绍写作的一些可能的目的，空后介绍写作无目的性的弊端。B项"但它总是有目的性的，或者至少应该有目的"既承接上文，又能引出下文，故B项符合语境。
3. E
[解析]空前一句讲到了"they can learn t chse their wrds accrdingly"，空后应该会举例说明"accrdingly"，空后一句"Yu write ‘Dear Santa’ because yu dn't knw him persnally"讲到了不熟悉的人之间怎么称呼，因此，空处应该会讲到熟悉的人之间怎么称呼，故E项符合语境。
4. F
[解析]根据空后的"Texting, nline messaging, live chats while playing vide games all mean that they are cnstantly prducing written messages"可知，人们有很多不同的表达书面信息的方式，且这些方式都与科技进步相关，故F项符合语境。
5. G
[解析]空前讲到了这种非正式的写作没什么问题，但空后讲的是这种写作不会得到学校考官、未来雇主或潜在客户的奖励。由此可知，空处应与上文为转折关系，从而连接下文，故G项符合语境。结合语境可知，"This type f writing"指的是"they use infrmal language mst f the time"。
解读：本文介绍了作者的孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信，学到了关于书面写作的知识，并阐述了由此引发的对当下社会网络书面信息日益发展的思考。
【核心词汇】entertain v. 娱乐 respnse n. 答复，回答
accrdingly adv.相应地 purpseful adj. 有目的的
Passage 2 [2022北京，10分]
Health and fitness help a persn live a gd and healthy life. Often due t varius pressures, we tend t ignre ur health. 1 G It is the fitness level f ur bdy that helps us fight these diseases.
2 B We need t be fit t have a healthy bdy. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted twards maintaining the fitness f ur bdy. Health is the state f ur bdy at a given time. We may nt have any disease but still have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses. 3 D This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy. It means the fitness level is nt in accrdance with ur age and the climatic cnditins we live in.
It is imprtant fr everyne t devte sme time t health and fitness. 4 F Fr instance, we must exercise daily regardless f ur age and wrking style. There are different levels f exercises fr different age grups and we must d them accrding t ur wn health and age.
Additinally, it is imprtant t relax ur bdy. We shuld have at least six t eight hurs f sleep every day. It helps in imprving ur immune （免疫） system and prtects us against diseases. 5 C This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality f life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated t each ther.
C. It als helps in keeping us calm and relaxes ur mind.
D. Fr instance, we may have a tendency t catch a cld easily.
E. If we keep ur bdy fit, we can enjy life in a better manner.
F. There are sme activities which everyne shuld d in ur life.
G. This makes ur bdy suffer and we catch lifestyle and ther diseases.
1. G
[解析]根据空前一句可知，通常情况下我们会由于各种压力而忽视健康，所以该空应会讲到这样做导致的不好的结果，G项中的"ther diseases"和下文中的"these diseases"呼应，故G项符合语境。
【易错点拨】 考生可能会根据空后的fitness level，再结合A项中的"Fitness levels"，误选A项，这样就忽略了空处与空前一句的衔接。
2. B
[解析]根据空后的"We need t be ur bdy"可知，本段主要讲了health和fitness之间是相互依存的关系，故B项适合作本段的主旨句。
3. D
[解析]根据空前的"have a weak bdy, which is ready t be targeted by viruses"可知，空处应该会讲到容易被病毒攻击的具体例子，再结合空后一句"This des nt definitely mean that we are nt healthy"可知，空处应该会讲到我们身体可能出现的小毛病，故D项符合语境。
4. F
[解析]根据空后的举例"we must exercise style"并结合空前一句可知，空处内容应该与每个人都应做些锻炼相关，故F项符合语境。
5. C
[解析]空前讲到了睡眠的好处，再根据空后的"This, in turn, gives us new gals f health and fitness"可知，空处应该会接着说睡眠的好处，故C项符合语境。
【快速解题】 本题可根据句式结构快速解题，空前一句为"It helps in ding sth."，C项为"It als helps in ding sth.",句式结构在意义上成递进关系。
解读：本文主要讲述了健康与体质之间的关系，以及保持健康体质的重要性和方法。
Passage 3 [2022浙江1月，10分]
I have the same 24 hurs in a day as yu d, but I have made specific chices that allw me t make the mst f every day, and still feel happy and relaxed. 1 F
● Pick the mst imprtant.
2 D Fcus n spending time that fr yu is fun and prductive. I chse the life f an adviser because I like t wrk with cmpanies, but dn't want the life f a big cmpany CEO. My chices are based n the lifestyle I want.
● Cmbine yur activities.
Many peple g crazy trying t figure ut hw t spend time with friends, family, wrk, play, etc. 3 C Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner. Build yur scial life arund peple in yur wrk envirnment. Find peple in yur cmpany wh share cmmn interests and develp yur career（职业） arund the peple and activities yu lve.
● 4 B
Yu wuld think learning takes mre time frm yu, but actually there are always new ways f ding things that can save yu time n daily tasks, freeing yu up fr the mst imprtant. Always be lking fr a new way t gain back an hur here r there.
● Lighten up.
The wrld wn't cme t an end in mst cases just because yu left a few things undne. Celebrate prgress and keep refining（改进） tward a happy prductive existence. 5 G Every cmpletin is a small victry that adds up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stp trying t balance time between them all.
D. Make chices abut what is meaningful in yur life.
E. The things yu d well usually give yu greater jy.
F. Perhaps these tips will help yu make the mst f yur time.
G. This is why making lists is imprtant in any prductivity handbk.
1. F
[解析]空前提到作者能够充分利用时间，并且感到开心和放松，下文各段是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几点建议，F项"也许这些建议将帮助你充分利用时间"承上启下，符合语境。
2. D
[解析]根据该部分小标题和空后内容可知，作者在本段强调要将时间用于自己认为最重要且想做的事情上，D项中的"meaningful"与小标题中的"imprtant"及空后的例子相对应，故选D项"选择你生活中有意义的事情"。
3. C
[解析]根据该部分小标题和空后的"Find ways t enjy them in a cmbined manner"可知，作者不建议把时间分开来进行多项活动，故C项"不要试图在它们之间平衡时间"符合语境。选项中的"them"指代上文中的"friends, family, wrk, play, etc."。
4. B
[解析]空处为小标题。根据下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了与学习有关的内容，B项"做一个积极的学习者"能够概括段落主旨。选项中的"learner"与下文中的"learning"的对应关系也是提示。
5. G
[解析]根据空前的"Celebrate prgress… a happy prductive existence"和空后的"Every cmpletin"可知，空处内容应与一个个事项的进展和完成有关，故G项"这就是列清单在任何有关生产效率的手册中都很重要的原因"符合语境。
解读：文章介绍了如何高效利用时间,帮助学生学会自我管理。
【核心词汇】 prductive adj.有效益的，富有成效的 figure ut想出
free sb. up使能腾出时间 undne adj.未完成的 add up 积少成多
balance v.使平衡
题组五
Passage 1 [2021新高考卷Ⅰ，12.5分]
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 F S the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-flr apartment the size f a cupbard. It was s tiny that we had t leave ur suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic， thugh. Unlike a nrmal Parisian apartment, the plumbing（水管） wrked. 2 C Our building even had a tiny lift with a female vice that said, "Ouverture des prtes," in perfect French. That is the nly French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I dn't have much use fr it.
Parisians are different frm yu and me. They never lk lazy r untidy. As smene nted in this paper a cuple f weeks ag, they eat great fd and never gain weight. 3 G French strawberries d nt taste like cardbard. Instead, they explde in yur muth like little flavr bmbs.
4 E On ur first mrning in Paris, I went arund the crner t the fd market t pick up sme grceries. I bught a handful f perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet meln. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cst $18!
In France, quality f life is much mre imprtant than efficiency（效率）. Yu can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crwded. 5 A When d these peple wrk? The French take their 35-hur wrkweek seriusly — s seriusly that sme labr unins recently struck a deal with a grup f cmpanies limiting the number f hurs that independent cntractrs can be n call.
A. Nt all the custmers are turists.
B. The quality f life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a cmfrtable bed.
D. The amazing fd is mainly cnsumed by lcal farmers.
E. That's nt the nly reasn the French eat less than we d.
F. Our aim was t see if we culd live, in sme way, like real Parisians.
G. The fd is s delicius that yu dn't need much f it t make yu happy.
1. F
[解析]本空起承上启下的作用，空前一句讲到了"我和丈夫刚刚在巴黎待了一周"，空后一句讲到了"所以，我们做的第一件事情就是租了一个橱柜大小、位于六层的极贵的公寓"，F项"我们的目的是看在某种程度上我们是否能像真正的巴黎人一样生活"符合语境。
2. C
[解析]空前一句讲到了"和通常的巴黎公寓不同，这里的水管可以使用"，空后一句讲到了"我们的公寓楼里甚至还有一部小电梯"，因此空处应与公寓或公寓楼的设施有关，故C项符合语境。
3. G
[解析]空前一句讲到了"他们吃得很好，却从不发胖"，而空后两句描写了法国草莓的美味，因此空处讲到的应该是法国的食物带给人的感受，且应与"不发胖"有关，故G项符合语境。
4. E
[解析]本题需结合上段内容作答。上一段讲到巴黎的食物非常美味，人们不需要吃太多就可以感到开心。空后讲述作者和丈夫购买食品杂货时发现巴黎的食物很贵，暗含法国人因此吃得少，故E项"那不是法国人比我们吃得少的唯一原因"符合语境。
5. A
[解析]空前一句讲到了"法国的咖啡馆总是爆满"，而空后一句讲到了"这些人什么时候去上班呢"，据此可知，空处应该会讲到咖啡馆里的一些人，故A项符合语境。
解读：本文主要讲述了作者与丈夫花了一周时间体验巴黎生活的经历。
【核心词汇】 fantastically adv. 难以置信地；奇特地
flavr n. （食物或饮料的）味道
【熟词新义】 strike 常用义：v. 打，碰撞，侵袭
本文义：v. 达成（交易或协议）
Passage 2 [2021新高考卷Ⅱ，12.5分]
If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly. 1 D
●Befre yu pen the bk, make sure that yu are cmfrtable. Yu need a seat which supprts yur back and the bk shuld be at the right distance frm yur eyes. 2 G
● 3 B Lk at the table f cntents, the preface, the chapter heading, etc. This will help yu t decide whether yu really need t read the whle bk r nly certain parts f it. Ten minutes spent in this way culd save yu quite a lt f time in the lng run.
●If yu decide that yu need t read the whle bk, decide hw much yu can read at a time. 4 C A histry bk which may cntain the facts in stry frm will be easier t read than ne dealing with scientific subjects. In the frmer case yu may be able t read a chapter. In the latter yu may nly be able t read ne page.
●Always keep a pencil and paper beside yu. 5 ENte als the facts imprtant fr yur purpse as well as anything which leads yu t further research. Yu dn't have t write these things in detail. It is enugh t put the page number and ne r tw wrds as a reminder.
A. Stp t have a rest nw and then.
B. Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.
C. This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.
D. Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.
E. Make a nte f any page which is f special imprtance.
F. Yu may find yurself having t learn smething by heart.
G. Keep the rm cl rather than warm t avid feeling sleepy.
1. D
[解析]根据空处所在的位置可知，空处总领全文。由空处上句和下文内容可知，空处应该会引出提高阅读速度的方法，故选D项。
2. G
[解析]根据该段首句可知，该段主要介绍第一个方法：打开书前，要保证你自身是舒适的。因此，空处也应介绍确保舒适的方式，故选G项。
3. B
[解析]空处是该段首句，结合全文可知，此处应为该段主题句；再根据空处下句的内容（浏览书的目录、前言和章节的标题等）可推知，该段主要介绍在阅读前需要花上几分钟浏览一下书的内容，故选B项。
【技巧点拨】 主题句是对下文内容的总结，所以认真阅读下文的内容才可以准确得出主题句，切忌以偏概全，以点代面。
4. C
[解析]根据下文内容可知，历史类书籍比科学类书籍更容易阅读。前者可能可以一次阅读一章，而后者可能一次只能阅读一页。据此可以判断，空处应与书的类型有关：阅读的速度取决于你读的书的类型，故选C项。
5. E
[解析]根据段首主题句可知，阅读时要在身边放支铅笔和纸，再结合空后一句，尤其是其中的"Nte als"可知，空处应与做笔记有关，故选E项。
解读：本文主要介绍了提高阅读速度的几种方法，包括创造舒适的阅读环境、花几分钟浏览书本、定好一次阅读的量、注意记录书中的重要内容。
【核心词汇】 preface n. （书的）前言，序言
chapter n. （书的）章，篇 in the lng run 从长远来看
in detail 详细地 reminder n. 提醒人的事物
Passage 3 （2021全国卷乙，10分）
Accrding t Jessica Hagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it's nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party.
1 B, if yu're ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu're wandering int smebdy's huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
Peple lve t talk abut themselves. If yu can start the cnversatin with a questin ther than "What d yu d fr a living?", yu'll be able t get a lt mre interesting cnversatin ut f whmever it is yu're talking t. 2 C, it can bring in "I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle" r "I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back." It just pens up cnversatin.
3 F? If yu can't take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx （讲台）. If yu're the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. 4 E
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment （赞扬）. 5 G. Just quickly turn arund and say, "This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it."
S being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin "Hw did yu get here?"
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn't stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
1. B
[解析]根据空后的"if yu're ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu're wandering int smebdy's huse fr the first time"可知，空处内容应与走出舒适区或者第一次去别人家里的做法有关，再结合下文的"t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers"可知, 露面、敢于冒险，尝试不同的食物以及和陌生人交谈是应该做的事。B项"The first step is t g explring"（第一步是去探索）是对这些做法的总结，符合语境。
2. C
[解析]根据此空后的逗号和空后的句子可知，此空应该填入一个从句。再根据空后的"I have this ld, brken-dwn vehicle""I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back"可知，空处应与涉及交通方式的问题有关。C项"如果你问‘你怎么来的？’"符合语境。
3. F
[解析]空后的"If yu can't take their wine away" "their sapbx（讲台）"与F项中的"has had t much t drink""wn't stp talking"分别对应，故选F项。
【技巧点拨】 若七选五各空后给出了标点符号，这些标点符号（除句点以外）经常可以作为解题线索。如本题，根据空后的问号可知，此处应填入一个问句，故把答案锁定在A、F两项中。再结合空后内容即可快速选出答案。
4. E
[解析]E项"或者转向一个他们几乎无话可说的话题"承接空前的"If yu're the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin"，给出了另一种选择，符合语境。
5. G
[解析]本段主要讲面对"dinner-party killer: awkward silence"（晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默）时应该怎么办。根据空前的"the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment （赞扬）"可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项"He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst"（他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人）符合语境。G项中的"He r she"指代the hst，复现信息"awkwardness"也是解题提示。
解读：本文介绍了如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。
【核心词汇】 cmfrt zne 舒适区
brken-dwn adj.出故障的，状况很差的 killer n.杀手，棘手的事
题组六
Passage 1 [2021全国卷甲，10分]
Swap, Dn't Shp!
Yu keep hearing abut recycling, right? But it desn't end with bttles, cans, and paper. Clthing takes a huge amunt f natural resurces （资源） t make, and buying lads f new clthing （r thrwing ut ld clthing） is nt healthy fr the envirnment. S what t d with all thse perfectly-gd-but-yu're-maybe-a-little-sick-f-them clthes piled n yur bedrm flr? 1 B. It's the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends n the selectin f clthes, the rganizatin f the event, and, bviusly, hw much fun is had. It's really easy t d! Here are a few pinters.
●Invite 5-10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. 2 A， and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm； mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
● 3 G. They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their "new" clthes hme.
●Put different types f clthing n different surfaces in the rm. 4 F. Place a few mirrrs arund yur rm s peple can see hw things lk when they try them n. One f the grund rules f the swap shuld be that everyne must try n the clthes befre they take them — things always lk different when yu put them n.
●Set a starting time. Maybe yu say "g，" r turn n a certain sng, r whatever. 5 D.And dn't frget t put ut sme ckies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less peple than that
B. Hld a clthing swap
C. If tw peple are cmpeting
D. Just keep music playing thrughut
E. Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F. Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G. Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
1. B
[解析]空前提出问题，空处应为针对这一问题的解决办法，即举办一次衣物交换活动。故选B项。
2. A
[解析]空处表示条件，与本段中的"mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable"构成并列关系，故此处是说，要是参加人数少于5人，那就可能没有足够的衣物可供挑选。故选A项。
3. G
[解析]空处与下一句构成并列关系。根据空后的句子"They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their ‘new’ clthes hme"可知，本句中出现了两个关键词：一个是句子主语"They", 说明在此空应出现表示"人"的复数名词；另一个为"als"，表明空处是要求参加活动的人做好相应准备。结合选项可知，此处是说参与者不仅要带来完好整洁的衣物，还要准备一些可循环使用的包，把交换来的"新"衣物带回家。故选G项。
4. F
[解析]空前提到在房间里衣物应分类摆放，下文接着说房间内需要摆放镜子，故F项"让每一个人将自己的衣物放对位置"符合语境。故选F项。
5. D
[解析]空前讲到你可以使用指令"g"，也可以播放一首歌曲或其他，故D项"那就全程播放着音乐"符合语境。故选D项。
解读：本文讲述了旧衣物交换的好处和具体做法。
Passage 2 [2021浙江，10分]
Yu've gt it's a pstcard
Paul Magalhaes, a 34-year-ld Prtuguese cmputer engineer, lves t pen his mailbx and find a brightly clred picture f Rme's Clsseum. Or Africa's Victria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. 1 G
"I ften send pstcards t family and friends," he says t China Daily, "but yu can imagine that after a while, yu never receive as many as yu send, and yu realize that nt everyne is int it. 2 A" Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline. Many wuld say the Internet is a place fr peple wh have given up n the traditinal pstal service, but Paul's hunch （直觉） paid ff.
Tday his hbby has develped int the website pstcrssing.cm, a scial netwrk that has grwn t 575,217 registered users in 214 cuntries and regins since he started it 10 years ag. 3 E Running the website has almst turned int a full-time jb.
Language is certainly a barrier fr many peple. Fr pstcrssing t wrk wrldwide, a cmmn cmmunicatin language is needed s that everyne can understand each ther. As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese, the cncept desn't wrk if ne desn't understand it. 4 F S a cmmn language is required and in pstcrssing that's English since it's widely spken.
"Many peple in China have limited expsure t English. 5 B That said, we knw f many pstcrssing members, including Chinese, wh have actually imprved their English skills thrugh their use f pstcrssing,"Paul says.
A. And that's ttally fine.
B. That makes it extra hard t learn and practice it.
C. He likes t think f sending pstcards as a family-friendly hbby.
D. Many lve t make a cnnectin with smene frm acrss the wrld.
E. On August 5, the number f pstcards exchanged by members tpped 31 millin.
F. Similarly, if yu speak nly Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part f the fun away.
G. In shrt, he lves pstcards，and the excitement f getting a hand-written nte frm smene far away.
1. G
[解析]根据上文中的"lves t pen his 's Great Wall"可知，Paul喜欢打开邮筒，发现一张色彩鲜艳的罗马斗兽场的图片，或者是非洲维多利亚瀑布的图片，或者是中国长城的图片。结合选项可知，G项总结了上文内容，故选G项。
【易错点拨】 本题考生易错选C项，认为下一段首句提到了Paul经常给家人和朋友邮寄明信片，C项在此承上启下。但由下文可知，Paul后来发现家人和朋友中，并不是每个人都喜欢明信片，C项内容与此不符，故可排除。
2. A
[解析]根据空前本段内容可知，Paul经常给朋友和家人邮寄明信片，一段时间之后，他发现收到的明信片没有寄出的多，他也意识到并不是每个人都喜欢明信片，故空处应与Paul对此现象的态度有关，衔接空后一句的内容，Paul开始在网上寻找志趣相投的人。故选A项。
3. E
[解析]根据空前一句可知，此处主要讲的是Paul所创建的社交网站的发展，故选E项。
4. F
[解析]根据第四段的主题句"Language is certainly a barrier fr many peple"可知，本段主要讲的是明信片交换过程中的语言障碍。F项是上文中的"As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in 't understand it"所述现象的反向情况，符合语境，故选F项。
5. B
[解析]根据空前一句及空后一句可知，在中国，很多人很少接触英语，但通过使用pstcrssing社交网站，许多人（包括中国人）的英语技能确实得到了提高。由此可知，空处内容应与中国人学习或使用英语有困难有关，故B项符合语境。
【技巧点拨】 根据空后的"That said"可知，空处前后内容存在让步关系，结合选项可快速判断出B项正确。
解读：本文主要介绍了Paul Magalhaes创建的社交网站，世界各地的人们在这个网站上分享和交换明信片。
【核心词汇】 Prtuguese adj. 葡萄牙的
like-minded adj. 志趣相投的 pstal adj. 邮政的，邮递的
barrier n. 障碍 that said（用以缓和语气）话虽如此
【熟词新义】 tp 常用义：n. 顶部，表面，最高的级别 adj. 最高的
本文义：v. 高于，超过（某一数量）
【背景知识】
1.罗马斗兽场（Clsseum），古罗马时期最大的圆形角斗场，建于公元72—80年间，是古罗马文明的象征。
2.维多利亚瀑布（Victria Falls），位于非洲赞比亚与津巴布韦接壤处，宽1 700多米，是世界上最大的瀑布之一。
Passage 3 [2021北京，10分]
Music has lng been cnsidered t be an enjyable pastime fr many peple. 1 F The mental health benefits frm music can't be argued. Music culd als be helping yu with many ther health prblems behind the scenes.
2 B Hwever, fr the same reasn, music can be very beneficial if ne is in pain. By distracting （分心） the mind frm the pain, music, peple say, can lwer stress and anxiety levels. This, f curse, can lead t less pain.
Many peple enjy relaxing music in the evening prir t ging t bed. 3 D While the validity f the idea is still being assessed, the lwered stress can even be tied back t bld pressure. Similarly, accrding t researchers, listening t just 30 minutes f sft music every day may help with healthy bld sugar levels, thrugh the lwering f stress and anxiety.
When it cmes t heart health, there is speculatin （推测） that it's nt the style f music, but rather the temp that makes it s gd fr yur heart health. In ne Eurpean study, participants listened t music as the researchers mnitred their heart rates and bld pressure. 4 G On the ther hand, when the music slwed, the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lwer and the effects n heart rates appeared t fllw suit.
5 E But there is a whle range f ther health issues that turning up the radi culd be beneficial fr, which is what makes music s valuable.
A. This feeling can als result in many ther health prblems.
B. Sme experts say that music can be harmful if it is t lud.
C. This idea is a little ff-the-wall but still has scientific backing.
D. They say it can play a big rle in calming the brain enugh t sleep.
E. The implicatins f music n verall well-being are really impressive.
F. It is als highly ppular due t the individualized effects n stress and anxiety.
G. Interestingly, the mre cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were.
1. F
[解析]空前一句讲到对许多人来说音乐长期以来被认为是一种令人愉悦的消遣方式，空后一句讲到音乐对心理健康的益处是不容置疑的，所以空处应与音乐对于心理健康的益处有关，故选F项。
2. B
[解析]根据空后的"然而，出于相同的理由，如果有人痛苦难耐，音乐是非常有益的"和Hwever一词可推知，空处讲的应该是音乐的坏处，故选B项。
3. D
[解析]本段第一句讲到很多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前听舒缓的音乐，空后讲到尽管这种观点的正确性仍待评估，因此空处讲的应该是晚上睡觉前听音乐的好处，故选D项。
4. G
[解析]结合语境可知，此处讲的是一项研究，所以空处讲的应该是参与者的表现，且空后一句讲到了当音乐的速度减慢时，他们的压力和焦虑水平会变得较低，对心率的影响似乎也变小了，再结合空后的On the ther hand可推知，空处讲的应该是音乐较快时的表现，故选G项。
5. E
[解析]结合空后的"但是将收音机开大音量可能对各种各样的其他健康问题有益"可知，空处讲的应该是音乐的好处，故选E项。
解读：本文主要介绍了听音乐会改善我们的心理健康，对我们的身心有很大的益处。
【核心词汇】 pastime n. 消遣,休闲活动
behind the scenes 秘密地,在幕后 prir t 在…之前，先于
validity n. 正确（性），可信（性） temp n. （乐曲的）速度，节奏
fllw suit 照着做 a whle range f 各种各样的
ff-the-wall adj. 稀奇古怪的；疯狂的 backing n. 支持，帮助
implicatin n. 可能的影响
题组七
Passage 1 [2021浙江1月，10分]
Yu run int the grcery stre t pick up ne bttle f water. Yu get what yu need, head t the frnt, and chse the line that lks fastest.
Yu chse wrng. Peple wh yu swear gt in ther lines lng after yu are already checked ut and ff t the parking lt. 1 A
It turns ut, it's just math wrking against yu; chances are, the ther line really is faster.
Grcery stres try t have enugh emplyees at checkut t get all their custmers thrugh with minimum delay. 2 G Any small interruptin — a price check, a chatty custmer — can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the stre, delays will happen randmly at different registers. Think abut the prbability: 3 D S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster.
Researchers have a gd way t deal with this prblem. Make all custmers stand in ne lng, snaking line — called a serpentine line — and serve each persn at the frnt with the next available register. 4 F This is what they d at mst banks and fast-fd restaurants. With a serpentine line, a lng delay at ne register wn't unfairly punish the peple wh lined up behind it. Instead, it will slw dwn everyne a little bit but speed up checkut verall.
5 B It takes many registers t keep ne line mving quickly, and sme stres can't affrd the space r manpwer. S wherever yur next wait may be: Gd luck.
A. Why des this always seem t happen t yu?
B. S why dn't mst places encurage serpentine lines?
C. Sme f them may have std in a queue fr almst an hur.
D. The chances f yur line being the fastest are nly ne in three.
E. Hw high is the prbability that yu are in the fastest waiting line?
F. With three registers, this methd is much faster than the traditinal apprach.
G. But smetimes, as n a Sunday afternn, the system gets particularly busy.
1. A
[解析]上文描述了你排队结账时，发现自己排的队伍比别的队伍慢这一现象，下文的"It turns ut" "chances are, the ther line really is faster"点明了结论，所以空处应为对该现象提出的疑问。结合选项来看，只有A项的内容与结论的内容相匹配。
2. G
[解析]空前提到食品杂货店希望将结账延误降到最低，空后提到任何小小的干扰都会拖慢整个队伍，两者形成转折，空处应明确转折关系，故G项符合语境。G项中的busy呼应下文的"interruptin" "hlding up an entire line"。
3. D
[解析]空前提到想象一下可能性，且与空处以冒号相连，表示空处是对可能性的解释说明，故D项符合语境。
【技巧点拨】 空前的prbability与D项中的chances和ne in three呼应，同时D项与空后的"S it's nt just in yur mind: Anther line prbably is mving faster"呼应。
【易错点拨】考生可能会因E项中的prbability而错选E项。但是E项（你排在最快的队伍里的可能性是多高？）是个问句，不能对空前的prbability进行解释说明；且根据空后的S可知，空处还要是空后句子的原因，E项同样不能作为原因，故排除E项。
4. F
[解析]前一段提到如果商店里排起了三个结账的队伍，那么结账时延误情况的出现是随机的。本段提到研究人员为解决这一问题，想出了一个好办法：让所有人排成一队，排在最前面的人到可用的收银机处结账。F项能很好地承接上文，同时F项中的this methd是空后This的指代对象。
5. B
[解析]空后一句解释了很多商店不采用只排一个队伍结账的办法的原因。故B项符合语境。
解读：当你排队结账的时候，是不是总会感觉别的结账队伍比你的快呢？情况可能真的是这样。
Passage 2 [2020新高考卷Ⅰ，12.5分]
Sme individuals are brn with a gift fr public speaking. 1 G D yu want t be a gd public speaker? Here are sme principles yu must master.
Peple want t listen t smene wh is interesting, relaxed and cmfrtable. T ften, when yu stand up t give a speech, yu fcus n the "public" at the expense f the "speaking." 2 A Fcus n the speaking. Talk directly t yur audience, be yurself and make a cnnectin.
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple's attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact, mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker's message. S, dn't stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it's a truly serius ne. 3 C
Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker. 4 B And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even wrld champin athletes practice their skills n a cnsistent basis.
5 D It's rare t hear smene say, "I wish that speaker had spken lnger." On the ther hand, yu prbably can't cunt the times that yu've thught, "I'm glad that talk is ver. It seemed t g n frever!" S surprise yur audience. Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated. It's better t leave yur listeners wishing fr mre than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting fr yur speech finally t end.
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn't need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E. The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience.
F. Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners.
G. Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
1. G
[解析]上文提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋；下文陈述了成为优秀演说家应掌握的规则；据此可以判断，空处起承上启下的作用，说明大部分人经过训练也可以成为演说家，故G项正确。
2. A
[解析]根据上文可知，很多时候，当你站起来演讲时，你会把注意力放在"听众"身上，而不是"演讲"上；下文提到要把注意力放在演讲上，直接和你的听众交谈，做你自己，建立联系。据此可以判断，空处前后是两种截然不同的做法，故A项（做相反的事）正确。
3. C
[解析]根据上文中的"S, dn't stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it's a truly serius ne"可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小错误不必道歉，故C项正确。
4. B
[解析]根据上文中的"Yur gal is nt t be a perfect public speaker"可知，你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。据此可知，空处与此对应，说明你的目标是要成为高效的演说家，故选B项。
5. D
[解析]根据全文结构可知，空处为该段的主题句；结合下文中的"It's rare t hear smene say, ‘I wish that speaker had spken lnger.’" "Always make yur presentatin just a bit shrter than anticipated"可知，本段讲述的主要内容是:使你的演讲短一些，故D项（说到公开演讲，通常说少些更好）最能概括本段内容。
解读：本文主要介绍了成为好的演讲者必须掌握的几个规则，即做你自己，在犯小错误时应继续往下讲，不断练习和短些为妙。
Passage 3 [2020新高考卷Ⅱ，12.5分]
Talking with yur dctr
Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better and give yur dctr the infrmatin she r he needs t give yu the best care. Dn't be afraid r embarrassed t discuss smething that is bthering yu. 1 B
●Stay psitive.
G t yur dctr's ffice with a gd attitude. 2 E Think teamwrk! Think psitive!
●Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
3 D This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms（症状） and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu've felt that way.
● 4 F
Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d， and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic（过敏） t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.
●Ask questins.
D nt be afraid t ask yur dctr any questins yu have. T remember all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr's ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment. 5 A Remember — there's n such thing as a stupid questin. If yu dn't understand the answer t a questin, ask the dctr t explain it again until yu d understand.
A. This will make getting answers easier.
B. Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.
C. Yu can talk t anther dctr if the treatments dn't wrk.
D. Befre yur dctr's visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.
E. Remember, yur dctr and ther caregivers are n yur side.
F. Bring yur medical histry, including a list f yur current medicines.
G. Writing dwn what the dctr says will help yu remember imprtant infrmatin.
1. B
[解析]空前讲到和你的医生自在地交谈可使你感觉好些，并让医生了解你的信息，从而给你最好的治疗，并且不要因谈论困扰你的问题而感到害怕或尴尬，而下文是具体的做法，故B项符合语境。
【技巧点拨】 本空位于总分结构的"Hw t d sth."类型说明文常考的主题句位置，该空一般会用"Here/There/The fllwing "句式引出下文的内容。
2. E
[解析]空前一句讲到"去医生办公室的时候，要保持好的态度"，空后则讲到"想想团队协作，想想好的一面"，故E项符合语境。
3. D
[解析]本段小标题讲的是"跟踪记录个人感受"，空后一句则讲到了你这么做的话，当医生问你的症状和药物给你带来的感受时，你就可以更轻松地给出答案了，因此该空讲的应该是具体的做法，即记录自己的感受，故D项符合语境。
4. F
[解析]本段主要涉及对病历的介绍，故F项适合作本段的小标题。
5. A
[解析]空前一句讲到当你不在医生办公室的时候，写下你所有的问题，随身带着这些问题的清单去问诊，而空后一句则讲到没有什么问题是愚蠢的问题，因此该空讲的应该是写下问题的好处，故A项符合语境。
解读：本文主要讲述了与医生高效交流的几种方法——保持积极心态、跟踪记录个人感受、携带病历、提问问题。
题组八
Passage 1 [2020全国卷Ⅰ，10分]
A Few Tips fr Self-Acceptance
We all want accept and lve urselves. But at times it seems t difficult and t far ut f reach. 1 B Here's a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin.
● 2 F D nt fllw the peple wh make yu feel nt-gd-enugh. Why d yu fllw them? Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs? Knw that yur life is yur wn； yu are the nly yu in this wrld.
●Frgive yurself fr mistakes that yu have made. We are ften ashamed f ur shrtcmings， ur mistakes and ur failures. 3 D Yu will make mistakes， time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in hw yu culd have dne better， why nt ffer yurself a cmpassinate（有同情心） respnse? "That didn't g as planned. But， I tried my best."
●Recgnize all f yur strengths. Write them dwn in a jurnal. Begin t train yur brain t lk at strength befre weakness. List all f yur accmplishments and achievements. Yu have a jb， earned yur degree， and yu gt ut f bed tday. 4 C
●Nw that yu've listed yur strengths， list yur imperfectins. Turn the page in yur jurnal. Put int wrds why yu feel unwrthy， why yu dn't feel gd enugh. Nw， read these wrds back t yurself. 5 A Turn t a page in yur jurnal t yur list f strengths and achievements. See hw awesme yu are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where d yu start?
C. Nthing is t small t celebrate.
D. Remember， yu are nly human.
E. Set an intentin fr self-acceptance.
F. Stp cmparing yurself with thers.
G. When des the cmparisn game start?
1. B
[解析]由空前内容可知我们都想接受并爱自己，但有时似乎太困难，太遥不可及。空后一句"Here's a handful f ways that will set yu in the right directin"表示下文是介绍了一些方法，由此可知，B项（你从哪里开始呢）是对前句提出问题，并过渡到下文提供解决问题的办法，符合逻辑。且B项中的"Where"和空后句子中的"the right directin"相对应，故选B项。
2. F
[解析]本空是段落主题句。作者在本段提出不要效仿他人，因为"yur life is yur wn；yu are the nly yu in this wrld"，由此可知，F项（停止与他人作比较）符合语境。
3. D
[解析]根据段落主题句可知，本段讲的是原谅自己所犯的错误。根据空后一句"Yu will make mistakes, time and time again"可知，空处应是为一次又一次地犯错误作出的解释，故D项（记住，你只是人）符合语境。
4. C
[解析]本段主要讲要认识到自己的优点并列举出自己的成就。由空前一句"Yu have a jb， earned yur degree， and yu gt ut f bed tday"可知，再小的事也应庆祝，C项中的"small"和"celebrate"分别对应空前的"gt ut f bed tday"和"List all f yur accmplishments and achievements"。故选C项。
5. A
[解析]根据空前的"list yur imperfectins""read these wrds back t yurself"，再结合空后内容可知，阅读描写自己缺点的词会使自己感到沮丧，这时就翻到日记里列举自己优点的一页，A项符合语境。
解读：本文主要介绍了一些自我接受的小技巧。
Passage 2 [2020全国卷Ⅱ，10分]
Emji （表情符号） and Wrkplace Cmmunicatin
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. 1 D. It's been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
Written cmmunicatins can ften read as cld and dull. Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear. 2 A, encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.
In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge. 3 G. While the yunger generatins prefer t cmmunicate visually, fr thse used t wrking with traditinal tls like email, it may feel like a learning curve （曲线）. The gd news is that it's simple t learn and can be wrth the effrt.
There is als the matter f tne （语气）. Wh hasn't received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? 4 B. Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
5 F, and emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. And when yur emplyees begin adding smiling emjis t their business cmmunicatin, yu'll knw yu have succeeded in imprving yur wrk culture.
A. Messages with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E. Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F. Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G. An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
1. D
[解析]空前一句提到"In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly"，空后一句谈到一些西方国家的情况，D项衔接上下文，其中的"glbally"是关键词，故D项符合语境。
2. A
[解析]空前一句谈到"表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，使意图清晰"，再结合空后的"鼓励更好、更频繁的交流"可推知，此处应进一步讲述表情符号的功能，故A项（带有表情符号的信息感觉更像会话）切题。
3. G
[解析]根据空前的"emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge"可知，在不同年龄的办公人员之间找到沟通方式上的共同点可能是个挑战，G项则是针对该挑战的解决办法。G项中的"bring all wrk generatins tgether"呼应上文。
4. B
[解析]本段叙述了使用表情符号在缓和语气上的作用，根据空前的"Wh hasn't received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day?"可知，此处涉及邮件交流中的语气，故选B项。B项中的"frmal"与空后一句中的"serius"相对应，"unfriendly"与空后一句中的"friendlier"相对应。
5. F
[解析]根据空后的"and emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme"可知，空处应该体现"that psitive utcme",也就是F项中的"a happier wrkplace",且F项中的"friendlier cmmunicatin"承接上段中的"help cmmunicatin feel friendlier"，故选F。
解读：本文主要介绍了在工作交流中运用表情符号的好处。
【核心词汇】 empwer v. 增加（某人的）自主权，授权
get caught up in 陷入，被卷入 imperfectin n.缺点，瑕疵
Passage 3 [2020全国卷Ⅲ，10分]
A husewarming party is a special party t be held when smene buys r mves int a new apartment r huse. The persn wh bught the huse r mved is the ne wh thrws the party. The party is a chance fr friends and family t cngratulate the persn n the new hme. 1 E And it is a gd time t fill the new space with lve and hpefully presents.
2 B Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal stre r stres. Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn't a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
3 C This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn't a lt f fd served. There are usually n planned activities like games at a husewarming party. The hst r hstess f the party will, hwever, prbably give all the guests a tur f their new hme. Smetimes, because a husewarming party happens shrtly after a persn mves int their new hme, peple may be asked t help unpack bxes. 4 A
Husewarming parties get their name frm the fact that a lng time ag peple wuld actually bring firewd t a new hme as a gift. 5 G Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn't use fires t keep warm.
A. This isn't usual thugh.
B. It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C. Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D. If yu're lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E. It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F. The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G. This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.
1. E
[解析]根据空前提到的"The party is a chance fr"及空后提到的"it is a gd time t"可知，此处都是在说party的好处，结合选项可知，E项（它还可以给人们一个参观新家的机会）切题。It指前文中提到的The party。
2. B
[解析]空处位于段首，结合本段中的"put n a gift registry"及"a gd husewarming a plant"可知，本段主要讲的是带礼物参加乔迁聚会的传统，B项符合语境。
3. C
[解析]根据空后一句"This is ften appreciated since at a husewarming there isn't a lt f fd served"可知，空处应讲与食物有关的内容，故C项（你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人分享）符合语境。
4. A
[解析]根据空前一句及常识可知，有时，刚搬新家不久主人就举办派对，可能会准备不够充分，也可能会让客人帮忙拆箱子，但这种情况并不常见，故A项切题。
5. G
[解析]结合空前一句中的"bring firewd t a new hme as a gift"和空后一句"Nw mst hmes have central heating and dn't use fires t keep warm"可知，空处应与取暖相关，故G项符合语境。
解读：本文主要介绍了乔迁聚会的定义、习俗以及名字的由来。
题组九
Passage 1 [2020浙江，10分]
I experienced years f lneliness as a child. 1 G His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister and his interests were far different frm mine. With n ther kids f my age in the neighbrhd, I had t spend hurs by myself.
A bright spt fr me turned ut t be reading. My lve f the written wrd began early as my mther read t me every evening. 2 D I started reading bks n my wn befre age 5 and my mther tk me t the public library nce a week t brrw several bks. I quickly graduated frm typical children's bks t nes with fewer pictures and lnger chapters. Reading pened new wrlds t me. 3 A
My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted. I tried making ty cars with cardbard bxes and cnstructing buildings frm leftver cardbard and bits f wd my father gave me. When my mther saw my creatins, she tld me hw creative my designs were. 4 F I learned a lt abut hw t extend the life f bjects and transfrm them int smething new and useful. It was a trait（特点） thers fund helpful, and I sn had friends wh wanted t make things with me.
5 E My parents made it a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside, n matter the weather r seasn. My brther, f curse, raced ff t be with his friends, while I had plenty t d myself. There was making leaf huses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and s much mre. They're all memries I treasure tday.
A. I wasn't alne any lnger.
B. I enjyed reading stries alud.
C. I was invited t play with anther kid.
D. I lved the clrful phtgraphs in the bks.
E. Anther habit I frmed early was being utdrs.
F. Thus, I began my lifelng interest in making things.
G. My lder brther culdn't be bthered t play with me.
1. G
[解析]空前一句提到作者儿时经历了几年的孤独，空后一句提到"His friends teased him abut babysitting his sister"，通过逆向思维可知，此处所填句子涉及的人要与his或him一致，故G项（我的哥哥不愿意跟我玩耍）切题。
2. D
[解析]上文提到了reading和read，再结合下文提到的"I pictures and lnger chapters"可推断，作者在开始阅读时喜欢书里的图画，故选D项。
3. A
[解析]结合上文中的"Reading pened new wrlds t me"和第一段第一句可知，阅读让我沉浸在全新的世界里，使我不再感到孤独。故选A项。
4. F
[解析]根据上文中的"My mther als encuraged me t make what I wanted"和下文的"t make things with me"可知，在母亲的鼓励下，我开始对做各种东西有了兴趣，故选F项。making things与make things对应。
5. E
[解析]结合本段内容，尤其是"t spend time utside"可知，该段主要讲述了我的另一个习惯"待在户外"，故选E项。utdrs与utside对应。
解读：本文主要讲述了作者"孤独"的童年经历，但也正是这段时光让作者养成了阅读、做手工、去户外活动的习惯。
Passage 2 [2020北京，10分]
Many peple think that psitive thinking is mstly abut keeping ne's head in the sand and ignring daily prblems, trying t lk ptimistic. In reality it has mre t d with the way an individual talks t himself. Self-talk is a cnstant stream f thughts f a persn, wh is ften unaware and uncertain f sme events, phenmena, peple, r even the persn himself. 1 B Meanwhile, psitive thinking can help t stp negative self-talks and start t frm a psitive view n an issue. Peple wh regularly practise psitive thinking tend t slve prblems mre effectively. They are less expsed t stress caused by external factrs. They tend t believe in themselves and in what they d.
2 D Peple wh think psitively demnstrate increased life spans（寿命）, lwer rates f depressin and anxiety, better physical and psychlgical health, reduced risks f death frm heart prblems. Psitive thinking als cntributes t ne's ability t deal with prblems and hardships. 3 C Fr example, researchers have fund that in the case f a crisis accmpanied by strng emtins, such as a natural disaster, psitive thinking can prvide a srt f buffer（缓冲作用） against depressin and anxiety. Resilient（适应性强的） peple wh think psitively tend t treat every prblem as a challenge, a chance fr imprvement f any kind, r as an pprtunity fr persnal grwth. Pessimists, n the cntrary, tend t perceive prblems as a surce f additinal stress. 4 G
In cnclusin, psitive thinking is a pwerful and effective tl fr dealing with hard times and imprving the quality f ne's life. It desn't have anything t d with ignrant ptimism when an individual refuses t ntice a prblem. 5 A Thinking in a psitive, self-encuraging way brings abut many benefits t ne's physical and mental health.
A. It desn't cause any severe emtinal discmfrt, either.
B. Negative self-talk damages self-cnfidence and decreases self-respect.
C. It helps ne t remain clear-headed and cnfident in difficult situatins.
D. Psitive thinking has several beneficial effects n the bdy and the mind.
E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviur and habits change as well.
F. They ften ffer a real alternative t the cmmn and regular way f thinking.
G. They ften feel discuraged lng befre trying t slve the prblem, even if small.
1. B
[解析]空后一句讲到了"同时，积极思维可以帮忙阻止消极的自言自语，帮助（人们）开始对一件事形成积极的看法"，据此可知，空处讲的应该是消极的自言自语可能带来的危害，因此B项符合语境。
2. D
[解析]结合下文可知，本段讲到了积极思考的人更长寿、不易抑郁和焦虑、身体和心理健康状况更好以及死于心脏问题的风险也小。积极思维也有助于提升一个人处理问题和面对困难的能力，即主要讲述了积极思维对身心的好处，所以D项适合作本段的主旨句。
3. C
[解析]本段主要讲到了积极思维的好处；再结合下文中的举例可知，研究者发现在伴随强烈情感的危机情况下，积极思维可以给人们抵抗抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲，所以C项符合语境。in difficult situatins对应空后一句中的in the case f a crisis。
4. G
[解析]结合空前一句"相反，悲观主义者倾向于把问题看作额外压力的来源"可知，此处讲的应该是与悲观主义者的做法相关的内容，所以G项符合语境。
5. A
[解析]结合本段中心句可知，本段主要总结了积极思维对人们的益处，且A项在句式上与前一句类似，故A项符合语境。
解读：本文主要介绍了积极思维会给人们带来积极的影响。积极思维对人们的身心健康都有好处，它是一种人们应对艰难时刻和改善生活质量的强大而有效的方法。
Passage 3 [2020浙江1月，10分]
Let's take a minute t think abut the water we use. The human bdy is 60% water and we need t drink lts f water t be healthy. When we are thirsty we just g t the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water.
1 A Fr example, farmers, wh prduce the fd we eat, use water t make the plants grw. When we turn n a light r switch n a TV r a cmputer we use energy and we need water t prduce this energy.
The truth is that we are lucky enugh t have clean water whenever we want, but this is nt the case fr many peple arund the wrld. 2 E That's arund ne in 10 peple in the wrld. If we drink dirty water, we can catch diseases frm the bacteria and becme ill. Every year ver 500,000 children die frm diarrhea（腹泻） frm dirty water. That's arund 1,400 children every day! Als, in sme cuntries children walk many kilmetres every day t get water. 3 D Therefre, they dn't have time t learn hw t read r write and dn't get an educatin.
4 F On this day every year, cuntries arund the wrld hld events t educate peple abut the prblems f dirty water and that clean water is smething that everyne shuld have arund the wrld. At ne schl in the UK, children between the ages f 10 and 15 walk 6 km with six litres f water. 5 G Peple give them mney t d this and all the mney helps get clean water t as many peple as pssible arund the wrld.
A. We use water indirectly t.
B. Every system in ur bdy depends n water t functin.
C. It is t inspire peple t learn mre abut water-related prblems.
D. If children walk many hurs a day t get water, they can't g t schl.
E. Did yu knw that arund 750 millin peple d nt have clean water t drink?
F. In 1993 the United Natins decided that March 22nd is the Wrld Day fr Water.
G. In this way, they knw hw it feels t walk a lng distance carrying heavy bttles.
1. A
[解析]结合上文的"The human bdy is 60% water and we need t drink lts f water"和下文的"use water t make the plants grw""we need water t prduce this energy"可知，第一段讲述了人类直接用水，而第二段讲述了人类间接用水，故选A项。
2. E
[解析]结合下文的"That's arund ne in 10 peple in the wrld. If we drink dirty water"可知，此处讲述世界上还有很多人缺少干净的饮用水，而这与E项中的"d nt have clean water t drink"信息一致。特别要注意选项中及下文的关键词peple的呼应和选项中及上文的clean water的呼应。
3. D
[解析]结合上文提到的"Als, in sme cuntries children walk many kilmetres every day t get water"和下文的"Therefre, they dn't have time t learn hw t read r write and dn't get an educatin"可知，在一些国家，孩子们为了取水需要花费大量的时间，因此不能上学。故选D项。要注意选项中的children和get water与上文的呼应，以及选项中的schl与下文的read r write和get an educatin的呼应。
4. F
[解析]根据下文的"On this day every year, cuntries arund the wrld hld events t educate peple"可知，下文具体提到了每年这一天人们要做的事情，这是F项的进一步拓展，由此答案选F项。
5. G
[解析]结合上文的"children between the ages f 10 and 15 walk 6 km with six litres f water"可知，这所学校的孩子要体验取水的艰辛，10—15岁的孩子要提着6升水走6千米，这与选项G中的"walk a lng distance carrying heavy bttles"相符。要注意选项中的In this way"通过这种方式"，是对上文的延伸。故答案为G项。
解读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了水的重要性。当前世界上很多人喝不到干净的水，我们要珍惜水资源。
题组十
Passage 1 [2019全国卷Ⅰ，10分]
Is Fresh Air Really Gd fr Yu?
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t "g ut and get sme fresh air." 1 E Accrding t recent studies, the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in yur camping area is gd.
2 A If the air yu're breathing is clean — which it wuld be if yu're away frm the smg f cities — then the air is filled with life-giving, energizing xygen. If yu exercise ut f drs, yur bdy will learn t breathe mre deeply, allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles（肌肉） and yur brain.
Recently, peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing （治愈）. 3 G In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery. It turns ut that just lking at green, grwing things can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure, and put peple int a better md （情绪）. Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead. 4 C It gives us a great feeling f peace.
5 D While the sun's rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D — but still prtect yur skin — put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that's plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day's wrth f Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B. S what are yu waiting fr?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F. Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate fresh air with health care.
G. All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
1. E
[解析]上句提到我们经常听到人们说应出去呼吸新鲜空气，下句的关键信息"the answer is a big YES"是对某个问题作出的回答，由此可判断空处应是一个一般疑问句，故E项"But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?"符合语境。
2. A
[解析]本段陈述了呼吸洁净的室外空气使身体受益，且本段两次提到xygen"氧气"，氧气是由肺部吸入的，xygen与A项中的"lungs"有联系，因此A项"新鲜空气清洁我们的肺"符合语境。
3. G
[解析]上句提到人们开始研究自然界和治愈之间的联系，G项"在全国范围内，康复中心已经开始建设康复花园"是对上句的延伸，且下句中的"these places"指代的就是G项中的"Healing Gardens"。我们可以从意义和词语指代两方面的暗示来解题。
4. C
[解析]前文提到"Greenery is gd fr us"，C项与前文在意义上构成递进关系，解释了绿色植物为人体带来益处,且与下句"It gives us a great feeling f peace"在意思上承接。
5. D
[解析]本段陈述了阳光对人体的好处，空后的"the sun's rays"与D项中的"sunlight"对应，且D项中的"Anther side benefit f getting fresh air"又是对前一段阐述呼吸新鲜空气的好处的延伸，故段落主题句应为D项。
解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新鲜空气对身体的保健作用。
【核心词汇】 energize v. 给（某人）增添能量（或精力、活力、干劲）
refresh v. 使恢复精力 assciate v. 联系
【熟词新义】1.age常用义：n. 年龄 本文义：v. 使变老
2.head常用义：n. 头 本文义：v. （向……）去，（朝……）前进
Passage 2 [2019全国卷Ⅱ，10分]
Imagine a child standing n a diving bard fur feet high and asking himself the questin: "Shuld I jump?" This is what mtivatin r the lack f it can d. Mtivatin and gal setting are the tw sides f the same cin. 1 G Like the child n the diving bard, yu will stay undecided.
2 B Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal? First, yu need t evaluate yurself, yur values, yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires, etc. Only then shuld yu set yur gals.
Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin. This is quite imprtant, because it is directly related t yur cmmitment. There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk. 3 A S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment. Clarity （清晰） f thughts can help yu mve frward.
Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives, keeping in mind yur beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that gals are flexible. 4 E They als need t be measurable. Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
Yur persnal circumstances are equally imprtant. Fr example, yu may want t be a pilt but can't becme ne because yur eyesight is nt gd enugh. 5 CYu shuld reassess yur gals, and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.
Yu will surely need t vercme sme difficulties, sme planned, but mst unplanned. Yu cannt vercme them withut ample mtivatin. Make sure that yu plan fr these difficulties at the time f setting yur gals.
A. This can affect yur wrk.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
C. Hwever, this shuld nt discurage yu.
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
F. Mtivatin is what yu need mst t d a gd jb.
G. Withut mtivatin, yu can neither set a gal nr reach it.
1. G
[解析]根据空前一句"Mtivatin and gal setting are the tw sides f the same cin"可知，此处在讲动力和设定目标之间的关系，故G项"没有动力，你既无法设定目标，也无法实现目标"符合语境。
2. B
[解析]第一段阐述了动力和设定目标之间的关系，结合空后的"Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal？"可知，空处与空后内容形成递进关系，故B项符合语境。
3. A
[解析]空前讲有时候你的心思并不在工作上，由此可知空处应选A项"这会影响你的工作"。
4. E
[解析]根据空前一句中的"gals are flexible"可知，目标是可变动的,因此E项"它们可以根据情况发生改变"符合语境。
5. C
[解析]空前一句说你可能想当飞行员，但因为视力不好，你的目标不能实现。再结合空后一句中的"reassess yur gals... set a fresh gal"可知C项符合语境。
解读：没有动力，你既无法设定目标，也无法实现目标。本文就如何保持动力来实现自己的目标提出了一些建议。
【核心词汇】 mtivatin n. 动力，动机 evaluate v. 评价，评估
cmmitment n.奉献，投入 discurage v.使灰心，使泄气
Passage 3 [2019全国卷Ⅲ，10分]
In an nline class, develping healthy patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant. 1 E While I have nly listed tw f each, there are bviusly many ther situatins that can arise. Students shuld be able t extend the lgic（逻辑） f each t their particular circumstance.
D's
● 2 GQuestins abut subject cntent are generally welcmed. Befre asking questins abut the curse design, read the syllabus（教学大纲） and learning management system infrmatin t be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
●Participate in discussin frums （论坛）, blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue. 3 A Be sure t stay n tpic and nt ffer irrelevant infrmatin. Make a pint, and make it safe fr thers t d the same.
Dn'ts
●Dn't share persnal infrmatin r stries. Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends. If yu are in need f a deadline extensin, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr. 4 C
●Dn't penly express annyance at a prfessr r class. 5 F When a student attacks a prfessr n the scial media, the language used actually says mre abut the student. If there is truly a cncern abut a prfessr's prfessinalism r ability, be sure t use nline curse evaluatins t calmly ffer yur cmments.
A. That's what they are fr.
B. Turn t an nline instructr fr help.
C. If mre infrmatin is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that nline prfessrs get a lt f emails.
E. Belw are sme cmmn d's and dn'ts fr nline learners.
F. Everyne has taken a nt-s-great class at ne time r anther.
G. Ask questins, but make sure they are gd, thughtful questins.
1. E
[解析]本空承接上句中的"patterns"，启示下句中的 "tw f each"。故选E项。
2. G
[解析]本空应填入该段的主题句。本段围绕 "questins"一词展开，故选G项。
3. A
[解析]前一句中提及discussin frums（论坛）, blgs和ther pen-ended frums等交流方式，空处强调这些方式为交流而存在，故A项符合语境。
4. C
[解析]本段主要讲不要和教授分享私人信息或故事，故C项"如果他们需要更多的信息，他们会询问"符合语境。
5. F
[解析]本空为过渡句。根据下文中的"a cncern abut a prfessr's prfessinalism r ability"可知，此处选F项，表示每个人都曾上过不太满意的在线课程，衔接下文。
解读：本文介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与教授进行健康有益的互动交流。