


Unit7知识要点总结人教版七年级下册 英语
展开
这是一份Unit7知识要点总结人教版七年级下册 英语,共12页。
单元七要点总结1. How’s the weather today?今天天气怎么样?(1) How’s the weather? = What’s the weather like? 用于询问天气状况(2) weather u.n.天气 fine weather 好/晴天 bad weather 坏天气 weather forecast 天气预报 What fine weather! 多么好的天气啊! 注意:whether是否,与weather的同音异形词。It’s raining. rain (1) V. “下雨” rainy adj.下雨的e.g. 现在北京在下雨。 It’s raining in Beijing now.(2) n.“雨水”不可数名词e.g. There is a lot of rain in summer . 夏天雨量很大。 (3)“一阵雨”可数名词 a heavy rain 一阵大雨 描述天气的形容词多是由对应的名词派生而来的,常见的如下表:3. Its windy. 构词法:名词 + y → 形容词 windy 多风的; cloudy 多云的; sunny 晴朗的 e.g. 今天阜阳风很大。 It’s windy in Fuyang today. 4. She’s cooking. Cook (1) V. “烹调;煮” cook sb sth = cook sth for sb 给…做饭 e.g. My mother usually cooks dinner for us. 通常妈妈给我们做晚饭。 (2)n.“厨师”He is a cook. vs cooker n.厨具,灶具How’s it going? 近来可好? How’s it going with sb./sth? 用来表达对朋友、家人的关怀。 eg: How’s it going with your parents? 你的父母最近可好?How’s it going with your English? 你的英语学习情况如何? 其答语可以是 : Great. / Pretty good! 非常好!Not bad 还不Fine! 很好! Just so-so! 一般般! Terrible! 非常糟糕!6. Sounds like you’re having a good time. 听起来你玩得好开心。(1) It sounds like...听起来 听上去… 后常跟名词(短语)或句子eg:It sounds like a good idea. 它听起来像一个好主意。 (It) Sounds like he’s all right now. 听上去他现在已经好了。(2) It sounds … 听起来…… 后常跟形容词。 It sounds good. 那听起来很好7. Can I take a message for him? 要我给(他) 捎个话吗? message n. 消息;信息 (可数) VS news 新闻(不可数) information消息(不可数)take a message for sb 为…捎口信 leave a message for为……留言 send a message to给…发消息 8. Could you just tell him to call me back? 你能否叫他给我回个电话? (1)这句话中的情态动词can 和could 相当于汉语中的“可以”、“能不能”,用于表达请求,但could 在语气上比can 更加委婉、客气。 Could you please open the door? (2)call sb back (给某人)回电话Jack wants you to call him back at once. 杰克想让你马上给他回电话。9. No problem. 没有问题。 (1) problem n. 困难 难题(可数)have problems with sth做某事有问题 have problems (in) doing sth 做某事有问题eg: He has problems in finishing the work/with the work. 他完成这项工作有难题。辨析 problem与 question ① problem:常指等待解决的问题,尤指比较难的问题或者物理、数学题等 work out / solve a problem ② question:常指为寻求答案或信息而提出的问题,也指考题或试题 ask / answer a question(2) no problem① ”没问题”用来表示乐于相助Could you help me water the flowers?你能帮我浇花吗? --No problem. 没问题。② "不用谢;别客气",回应别人的感谢Thank you very much。--No problem.不用谢。③ ”没关系” 回应对方的道歉, Sorry ,I'm late. --No problem。没关系。10. study1. Bob is studying Chinese these days. v.2. John is reading a book in the study. n.3. My parents often talk about my study. n.① 作动词,意为“学习、研究”,后面可直接跟宾语。② 作名词,表示“书房”的意思时为可数名词,“学习、用功”的意思时为不可数名词。【拓展】常用词组: study for an exam 为考试而用功准备11. 询问天气的句型(1).How's the weather (in+地点名词)?How is the weather in Beijing? 北京的天气怎么样? (2).What's the weather like (in+地点名词)? What's the weather like in Shanghai?上海的天气怎么样?回答方式(1).It is+表示天气的形容词. —How's the weather in your city? 你所在城市的天气怎么样?—It's sunny. 天气晴朗。(2).It is+v.ing. (其中的动词为表示天气的动词)—What's the weather like in Moscow? 莫斯科的天气怎么样?—It is snowing. 正在下雪。气怎么样?(3).There be+名词.There is rain today; you'd better take an umbrella with you.今天有雨,你最好随身带把雨伞。[注意] there be 之后的名词有时会被误认为是形容词。12.表达天气状况的形容词( (1)表示天气的三组对应词warm(暖和的)→cool(凉爽的)hot(热的)→cold(冷的) dry(干燥的)→wet(湿的)(2).“名词+y”构成形容词: rain(雨)→rainy(阴雨的) fog(雾)→foggy(多雾的)sun(太阳)→sunny(晴朗的) snow(雪)→snowy(下雪的)cloud(云)→cloudy(多云的) wind(风)→windy(多风的)(3).“雨”或“风”的大小的表达方式:heavy/light rain 大雨/小雨 strong/light winds 大风/微风[注意] 表示“雨”或“风”的大小一般不用big或small。13.多词性词rain和snow (1).作动词,意为“下雨” 、“下雨” 。It rains/snows heavily outside.外面雨/雪下得很大。 (2).作名词,意为“雨”、 “雪” 。There is much rain in summer and much snow in winter.夏天多雨,冬天下雪天多。 14.dry (1).作形容词,意为“干燥的,干的,干旱的”反义词:wet“湿的”。Are the clothes dry or wet? 衣服是干的还是湿的?Plants are dying because of weeks of hot dry weather 连续几周炎热干燥的天气,植物快死了 (2.)作动词,意为“(使)变干;(把…)弄干”。dry your hair弄干头发dry your eyes/tears (= stop crying) 擦干眼睛 / 眼泪15 . hot (1).温度高的;炎热的a hot dry summer 炎热干燥的夏天(2).辣的;辛辣的hot spicy food 辛辣的食物16.cook (1).作动词,意为“烹调;煮”。及物动词 如cook breakfast 不及物动词 My mother is cooking . (2).作名词,意为“厨师”。我叔叔是一位很棒的厨师。My uncle is a great cook.17.question 指主观存在的“疑惑、疑问” ask/answer questions problem 指客观存在的和遇到的疑难问题,有时指较严重的问题solve / work out problemshave problems with接名词,指客观上存在的、难以处理或难以理解的问题。He said he had some problems with the pronunciation. 他说他发音有些问题。have problems in接动名词,介系词in可以省略I have some problems in finding the answer to the question.我无法找出这个问题的答案。18. I’m having a great time visiting my aunt in Canada. (1) have a great time doing sth. 意为“做某事过得愉快”。 have a great/nice/good time = have fun doing = enjoy oneself doing e.g. We have a great time singing and dancing. 我们唱歌、跳舞过得很愉快。(2) visit v. “拜访,访问;参观” 常用于以下结构:visit sb. 拜访某人 visit someplace 参观某地e.g. Uncle Tom usually visits us for a week in winter.冬天,汤姆叔叔通常来我们家做客一星期。 visit a new factory 参观一家新工厂 n. “ 逗留;游览;参观” 常用短语:pay a visit to sb. 去某人家里做客 go o a visit to somelace 去某地参观e.g. I want to go on a visit to the Grat Wall this summer. 我今年夏天想要去参观长城。 (3) Canada n. 加拿大 Canadains n. 加拿大人19. I'm studying English and I'm learning a lot. a lot 在此是名词短语,意为“许多”,放在动词后作宾语。e.g. He eats a lot and never exercises every day. So he is very unhealthy. 他每天吃很多但从不锻炼所以不健康。拓展:① a lot 可以作为副词,在句中作程度状语,意为“很,非常”,相当于very muche.g. Thanks a lot. 非常感谢。(=Thanks very much.)② a lot of =lots of ,意为“许多;大量的”,既可修饰可数名词复数有可修饰不可数名词e.g. There are a lot of animals in the zoo. 动物园里有许多动物。20. I'm also visiting some of my old friends. 我也正在拜访我的一些老朋友。 some of ... ......中的一些 e.g. I know some of your friends. 我认识你的一些朋友。 some of + ns (名词复数)e.g. Some of the food goes bad. 其中一些食物变质了。 some of + un(不可数名词) He drinks a lot of water. 他喝了许多水21.I’m sitting by the pool and drinking orange juice. 1) sit 动词,意为“坐”,是不及物动 词。如表达“坐在某地”就用介词短语来表达地点。 常用于以下短语中: sit down 坐下 sit at a table坐在桌子旁 sit by sb. 做在某人身边 sit on a chair/bench/sofa/bike/the ground 坐在椅子/长凳/沙发/自行车/地上 sit in a car/a tree/a garden 坐在车里/树上/花园里e.g. Please sit on the chair2) by 意为“在……旁边”,是(表示地点)的介词,它所表示的位置比 near 更近些。 e.g. All the children are sitting by the table. 所有的孩子们都坐在桌子旁边。 Do you live near your school?你住在学校附近吗?拓展:by 还可以用作(表示时间的)介词,意为“不迟到,到(某事)之前,截止到......” e.g. Can you finish reading the book by tomorrow morning? 明天早上之前你能读完这本书吗?3)juice 是不可数名词,意为“果汁;果汁饮料”,可以与表示水果的单数名词连用,表示“......汁”。 apple juice 苹果汁 grape juice 葡萄汁 22. Are you studying hard, or are you having fun?你在努力学习吗?你过得愉快吗? 讲解:hard 在此是adv,意为“努力地;刻苦地”,常放在动词之后。比如:study/work hard 努力学习/ 工作拓展:hard 的其他用法(1) hard 用作副词还有“猛烈地”之意,指雨或雪下的大,相当于heavily.e.g. (2) hard 还可以做adj, ①意为“苦难的,艰难的”=difficult e.g. That's a hard question to answer. 那是个很难回答的问题。 ②意为“坚硬的,牢固的” e.g. The stone is hard. 石头很硬。 ③ 意为“严厉的” e.g. Dont be to hard on her--she's very young. 别对她太严厉了----她还小呢。 It's snowing hard. 正在下大雪。23.My family and I are on a vacation in the mountains. on (a) vacation 度假 与vacation相关的短语:go on/for vacation 去度假 winter/summer vacation 寒/暑假take/ have a vacation 休假e.g. All my family are on (a) vacation in Ginlin. 我们全家人在桂林度假。 e.g. I want to go for a vacation in the mountains. 我想去山里度假。辨析vacation与holidayvacation:指放下工作或学习的一段较长时间的休息They wish to spend their summer vacation in Fuyang. 他们希望在阜阳度过他们的暑假。 holiday:主要指风俗习惯或法律规定的纪念日或休息日e.g. New Year's Day is a public holiday.元旦是公休日。24. I want to call you but my phone isn’t working, so I'm writing to you. (1) work 在这里是不及物动词,意为“(机 器)运转;活动”。 e.g. My watch doesn’t work. What time is it now? 我的手表坏了。现在几点了? (2)write to sb.写信给某人 = write a letter to sb write back to sb 给某人回信e.g. I write a letter to my friend but he doesn't write back to me.拓展:hear from sb 收到某人来信 e.g. I hope to hear from you soon. 我希望很快收到你的来信。 25. It's hot in your country, isn't it?你们国家现在很热,是吗? 详解:本句是一个反义疑问句。反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否,前否后肯”的原则,即:① 陈述句部分(肯定的)+附加疑问不部分(否定形式)② 陈述句部分(否定的)+附加疑问不部分(肯定形式)e.g. He is happy, isn't he? 他很高兴,不是吗?注意:①附加疑问句部分要用相应的人称代词(there be句型除外) ②简略问句如果是否定式:not应与be,do,will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写。拓展延伸:反义疑问句的回答要用yes或no。但是当陈述部分是否定式,疑问部分是肯定式时,应依据事实来回答。如果事实是肯定的,就用yes;如果事实是否定的,就用no,此时yes翻译成“不”,no翻译成“是的”。e.g. --He isn't a doctor, is he ?他不是一个医生,是吗? -- Yes, he is. 不,他是。 --He doesn't like hamburgers, does he? -- No, he doesn't. 是的,他不喜欢。特别提醒:当陈述部分含有no,never,little,few等表示否定含义的词时,附加疑问句部分应该用肯定形式。e.g. Tom is never late for school, is he? 汤姆上学从来不迟到,是吗?e.g. There is little water in the glass, is there? 玻璃杯里几乎没有水了,对吗?(2)country在此是可数名词,意为“国家”,复数为countries。e.g. China is a contry with a long history. 中国是一个拥有悠久历史的国家。拓展:country 还可以指“农村,乡下”,相当于countryside,前面常用定冠词thee.g. My gandprents live in the country. 我的爷爷奶奶住在农村。The weatherb here is cool and cloudy, just right for walking. 这儿天气凉爽且多云,正适合散步。 just right for... 正适合...... 该短语中just是副词,right是形容词,for是介词,后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。e.g. The jacket is just right for you. 这件夹克衫正好适合你。27. One girl is skating on a river and a man is taking a photo of a snowman.一个女孩正在河上滑冰,一个男士正在拍一个雪人的照片。(1)skate v. 滑冰 go skating 去滑冰类似表达:go swimming 去游泳 go fishing 去钓鱼 go boating 去划船 go walking 去散步(2) take a photo/photos of =take a picture/pictures of 给......拍照 take photos 拍照e.g. Dave likes taking photos of little dogs. 戴夫喜欢给小狗拍照。e.g. I take a lot of photos in Beijing.我在北京拍了好多照片。28.Friends are buying Rssian bread to take home. 朋友们正在买俄罗斯面包带回家。 sun太阳sunny晴朗的wind风windy有风的cloud云cloudy多云的rain雨rainy有雨的snow雪snowy有雪的fog雾foggy有雾的
