第12讲 连词与复合句-2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固

这是一份第12讲 连词与复合句-2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固，文件包含12连词与复合句原卷版-2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固docx、12连词与复合句解析版-2024年中考一轮复习英语语法基础复习与巩固docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共43页， 欢迎下载使用。
中考总复习一般分为三轮：
1、第一轮复习为基础知识的单元、章节复习。通过第一轮的复习，使学生系统掌握基础知识、基本技能和方法，形成明晰的知识网络和稳定的知识框架。
2、第二轮复习打破章节界限实行大单元、小综合、专题式复习。第二轮复习绝不是第一轮复习的压缩文档，而是一个知识点综合、巩固、完善、提高的过程。复习的主要任务及目标是：完成各部分知识的条 理，归纳，糅合，使各部分知识成为一个有机的整体。
3、第三轮复习是知识、能力深化巩固的阶段。复习资料的组织以中考题及模拟题为主，回扣教材，查缺补漏，进行强化训练。同时，要教给学生一些必备的应试技巧和方法，使学生有足够的自信从容地面对中考。
连词与复合句
第一部分 基础知识
一、连词
【注意】
在通常情况下,并列连词and 用于肯定句,相应的否定句中用r。
He has brthers and sisters. 他有兄弟姐妹。
He has n brthers r sisters. 他没有兄弟姐妹。
【基础练习】
完成句子
1. 足球和篮球都很受学生欢迎。
_______________ ftball _______________ basketball are ppular with students.
2. 我妈妈喜欢看电视,但是我爸爸不喜欢。
My mum likes watching TV _______________ my dad desn’t like it.
3. 迪克和迈克都不擅长数学。
_______________ Dick _______________ Mike is gd at maths.
二、状语从句
1. 状语从句的分类
2. 状语从句的时态
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时。
【基础练习】
Ⅰ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填空
because, than, since, s that, as lng as
1. The Smiths have lived in Beijing _______________ they mved there in 2020.
2. I like ding sprts _______________ it can help me keep healthy.
3. _______________ yu dn’t give up, yu will succeed.
4. Mary gt up early _______________ she culd arrive at schl n time.
5. Tm runs faster _______________ Jack.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. 虽然在太空工作很危险,但宇航员们还是毫不犹豫地去做。
_______________ wrking in space is very dangerus, astrnauts still dn’t hesitate t d it.
2. 牛肉饺子太好吃了,杰克吃了三十个。
The beef dumplings were _______________ delicius _______________ Jack ate thirty.
3. 我的书包和你的一样重。
My schlbag is _______________ heavy _______________ yurs.
三、宾语从句
【基础练习】
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Miss King said the sun _______________(rise) in the east.
2. She said she _______________(buy) a bk n science yesterday.
3. I think Jack _______________(g) t the Summer Palace next Saturday.
四、定语从句
1. 定义
在复合句中,修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后,但翻译成汉语时,要把修饰语放在前面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词,也叫引导词。例如:
这是昨天给我们作报告的格林先生。
2. 先行词、关系词及关系词在句中的作用
【知识拓展】
(1)当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。
The train which has just left is fr Shenzhen.
刚开走的火车是开往深圳的。
(2)当先行词被序数词、最高级、不定代词或the nly、the last、the same等词修饰时,引导词一般用that,而不用which。
It is ne f the mst beautiful faces (that) I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最漂亮的面孔之一。
【基础练习】
Ⅰ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词填空,每词限用一次
that, when, wh, why, where, whse
1. The girl _______________ has lng hair is my new deskmate.
2. The ld wman _______________ sn is studying abrad is my new neighbr.
3. This is the village _______________ I lived ten years ag.
4. The reasn _______________ he didn’t attend the meeting was that his mther was ill in hspital.
5. I will never frget the days _______________ I used t live with my parents.
6. I think this is the best park _______________ I have ever visited.
Ⅱ. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I have many friends wh _______________(wrk) in Shanghai.
2. The by wh _______________(be) running arund the park is Jim.
3. These sheep that _______________(be) eating grass are Grandpa Wang’s.
【真题演练】
单项选择
1. (2023·云南中考)—D yu knw______?
—Yes, in Hangzhu, a beautiful city in Zhejiang Prvince.
A. when will the 19th Asian Games be held
B. when the 19th Asian Games will be held
C. where will the 19th Asian Games be held
D. where the 19th Asian Games will be held
2. (2023·扬州中考)—I’m wndering ______at a lw price.
—Yu can bk ne thrugh ur fficial APP.
A. hw I can buy the air ticket
B. hw can I buy the air ticket
C. when I can buy the air ticket
D. when can I buy the air ticket
3. (2023·荆州中考)—Culd yu tell us ______we can start a cnversatin with a freigner?
—Talking abut weather is a cmmn way.
A. when B. why C. where D. hw
4. (2023·荆州中考)—What did the shpkeeper say t yu?
—She asked me ______.
A. when did the shp clseB. if I preferred that T-shirt
C. what else I will buyD. where did I see the style
5. (2023·遂宁中考) The city Zib is______ ppular______ many peple want t g there fr a trip this year.
A. s;thatB. such;thatC. t;tD. very;that
6. (2023·岳阳中考)Yu wn’t pass the PE exam successfully ______yu exercise every day.
A. ifB. unlessC. as lng as
7. (2023·河北中考)Lisa was busy taking ntes ______Mark was giving a talk.
A. if B. unless C. until D. while
8. (2023·滨州中考)—I think I am the shyest in my class. What shuld I d?
—Be mre active in class ______yu can imprve yur ability t express yurself.
A. rB. s thatC. unlessD. althugh
9. (2023·福建中考) ______David has failed many times,he is always full f hpe fr the future.
A. IfB. WhenC. Thugh
10. (2023·龙东中考) I will never frget that car accident ______it happened s lng ag.
A. untilB. ifC. even thugh
11. (2023·绥化中考) I dn’t knw if it______sunny tmrrw. If it______sunny,I will g fishing.
A. will be;isB. is;will beC. will be;is ging t be
12. (2023·白银、临夏州中考)Let’s wait______ the rain stps.
A. sB. whileC. sinceD. until
13. (2023·岳阳中考) Lei Feng is a great persn ______sets a gd example t us.
A. whB. whichC. whse
14. (2023·郴州中考) Tea is the leaf f a plant ______grws widely in China,Japan and ther cuntries.
A. whatB. whC. that
15. (2022·铜仁中考) —Tm, culd yu tell me ______?
—She is an ffice wrker.
A. wh is sheB. wh she is
C. what she isD. what is she
16. (2022·温州中考)—Nancy, d yu knw ______?
—In 1957, I think.
A. wh wrte the play Teahuse
B. what the play Teahuse is abut
C. when the play Teahuse was written
D. why La She wrte the play Teahuse
17. (2022·云南中考)—Yur stamps are s fantastic. Culd yu please tell me ______?
—Oh,I bught them in the pst ffice next t the bank.
A. why did yu buy themB. where did yu buy them
C. why yu bught themD. where yu bught them
【核心提示】
一、宾语从句解题的三个“关键点”
1. 语序——陈述语序
宾语从句的语序为陈述语序,否则即为错误。
2. 时态——把握“三大原则”
(1)需要性原则。即主句是现在时,从句时态根据实际需要而定。
(2)呼应性原则。即主句为过去时,从句应用过去的某种时态。
(3)特殊性原则。即从句若是客观真理,无论主句是什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。
3. 引导词——看答语
即根据答语来判断引导词,如问内容用what,问时间用when/what time,问地点用where,问原因用why,问方式用hw等。
二、“三步”解状语从句题
第一步:分析语境,明确前后句之间的逻辑关系;
第二步:分析各连词的确切含义;
第三步:结合句意,确定答案。
①若引导时间状语从句,则选用while/when/befre/after等;
②若引导原因状语从句,则选用because/since/as等;
③若引导条件状语从句,则选用if/unless等;
④若引导让步状语从句,则选用thugh/althugh/even if(thugh)等;
⑤若引导目的状语从句,则选用s that/in rder that等;
⑥若引导结果状语从句,则选用s. . . that/such. . . that等。
三、选定语从句的引导词要“三看”
一看指人还是物
1. 指人用that、wh、whm;
2. 指物用that、which。
二看在句中作什么成分
1. 作主语用wh、which、that;
2. 作宾语用wh、whm、which、that;
3. 作定语用whse;
4. 作状语用where、when等。
三看是否属于特殊情况
即引导词只能用that的情况:
1. 先行词是all、smething等不定代词时;
2. 先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时;
3. 先行词既指人又指物时。
第二部分 综合练习
一、单项选择
1. —D yu knw the teacher ________ classes are interesting and exciting?
— Yes, she is Mrs. Zhang.
A. whichB. whseC. whD. that
2. The family had t stay at a htel________it was raining hard.
A. becauseB. althughC. untilD. unless
3. —Let’s g n a trip t Hngshan Frest Z after the mid-term exam.
—Gd idea! But I wnder ________.
A. hw shall we get ready fr it
B. when and where shall we meet
C. whether it will be rainy that day
D. that we’ll g there by bus r n ft
4. 一D yu knw Paul didn't g t schl yesterday?
一Yes. He went fr the bat race,
A. whyB. whatC. hwD. where
5. In difficult times, there are always natinal heres ________ step up and bring peple hpe.
A. whmB. whichC. wh
6. D yu want t knw ________ in the future? A special mirrr invented by the French scientists can help yu.
A. hw yu lk likeB. what will yu lk like
C. hw d yu lk likeD. what yu will lk like
7. On December 31, 2020, the New Year speech ________ President Xi Jinping made encuraged us Chinese t wrk harder fr ur mtherland.
A. whB. whseC. whichD. what
8. Miss Zhang is a gd teacher ________ we all like her.
A. becauseB. rC. sD. but
9. I will finish my hmewrk, ________ hw lng it takes.
A. unlessB. untilC. even thughD. n matter
10. —Can students g nline during lessns?
—They can’t________it is fr that lessn.
A. ifB. unlessC. untilD. while
11. –I wnder_______.
–Because he has t lk after his grandmther.
A. why is Jhn leaving
B. why Jhn is leaving
C. whether Jhn is leaving
12. I like apples ________ bananas, but I dn’t like pears.
A. rB. andC. sD. fr
13. What are yu ging t d tmrrw? We’ll g t the library tmrrw if it ______.
A. isn’t rainB. rain
C. wn’t rainD. desn’t rain
14. The by can speak English very well _________ he is fur years ld.
A. althughB. sC. untilD. but
15. AI prgrams have huge business ptential (潜力) ________ they were develped within a shrt time.
A. even thughB. s thatC. unlessD. as sn as
16. Tmrrw, they will pass by the ld huse ________ their father built 20 years ag.
A. whatB. whichC. whereD. when
17. ________ Tina ________ Tara can g ut, because I need nly ne left t help me.
A. Nt nly; but alsB. Either; rC. Bth; andD. Neither; nr
18. —Excuse me, culd yu tell me ______?
—Srry, I dn’t knw. I’m new here.
A. when the museum pens
B. where is N.8 Middle Schl
C. hw lng has the ld lady lived here
D. hw d yu celebrate Hallween
19. Yu shuld ___________ smking , _________ yu will get ill.
A. g n; sB. give up; rC. stp; sD. give up; s
20. —Excuse me, culd yu tell me ________?
—Certainly. He is a great ancient thinker in China.
A. what Mencius isB. where Mencius isC. wh is Mencius
21. That’s the nly thing we can d nw.
A. whenB. whC. whereD. that
22. —Excuse me, culd yu please tell me ________?
—It will start at 8:00 p.m.
A. when did the mvie startB. when the mvie startedC. when will the mvie startD. when the mvie will start
23. —Have yu read the stry Jack’s Endless Summer?
—Yes. It tells ________. It’s really interesting with an exciting ending.
A. hw Jack learns writing and making vides
B. hw Jack learns hw t keep a hawk
C. hw Jack saves a hawk and flies it at last
D. hw Jack keeps birds in summer hlidays
24. The teacher asked me ________.
A. that I culd answer the questin
B. whether culd I answer the questin
C. whether I culd answer the questin
25. N matter __________，she is always with her family at weekends.
A. hw she is busyB. hw busy is sheC. hw is she busyD. hw busy she is
26. —______ yu need my help, please call me.
—OK, thanks.
A. IfB. ButC. BecauseD. S
27. She wrks hard ________ she can pass the final exam.
A. sinceB. as ifC. unlessD. s that
28. — D yu knw ______?
— Of curse. It landed successfully n April 16th, 2022.
A. when Shenzhu 13 manned spacecraft will cme back hme
B. when did Shenzhu 13 manned spacecraft cme back hme
C. when will Shenzhu 13 manned spacecraft cme back hme
D. when Shenzhu 13 manned spacecraft came back hme
29. Maria’s teacher wanted t knw______ .
A. hw lng she spends n her hmewrk
B. when the speech will begin
C. why didn’t Mike cme t the meeting
D. what she was ding these days
30. —Excuse me, hw lng will it take me t get t the pst ffice?
—Well, it depends n .
A. hw yu will get there
B. when yu will get there
C. where yu will get
D. hw will yu get there
31. What d yu ften use, QQ We chat (微信)?
A. andB. rC. sD. with
32. —He hasn’t made up his mind ________ during the summer vacatin.
—Please tell me abut his decisin as sn as pssible.
A. whether he will g t WuxiB. when will he g t WuxiC. whether he was ging t Wuxi
33. As a driver, we shuld bey the traffic rules ________ we drive n the rad.
A. whereverB. wheneverC. whateverD. hwever
34. --- Culd yu tell me __________________?
---Yes，it will start at ten.
A. when will the meeting beginB. when the meeting will begin
C. when wuld the meeting beginD. when the meeting wuld begin
35. We climbed t the tp f the muntain______ we might see the scenes better.
A. s thatB. as sn asC. nw thatD. as
36. — What did the teacher say t yu?
— He asked me .
A. why I am late fr classB. if had I prepared my exams well
C. when did I d my hmewrkD. hw I culd design my plan
37. D yu knw if _______ back next week? If he ______ back, please let me knw.
A. he cmes; will cmeB. will he cme; cmes
C. he will cme; cmesD. he will cme; will cme
38. The plice asked the man _________.
A. when did he lse his walletB. when he lst his wallet
C. when des he lse his walletD. when he lses his wallet
39. — The Dragn Bat races are s exciting, but ur bat is still behind.
— Dn’t wrry. I am sure ur team will win!
A. ifB. whyC. whetherD. that
40. Culd yu tell me ?
A. when will he set ffB. when wuld he set ff
C. when he sets ffD. when he will set ff
41. —Mre than 20________peple died f COVID-19 in the U.S.
—The number will keep increasing________the gvernment desn’t take any steps right nw.
A. thusand; unlessB. thusand; ifC. thusands; if
42. He is pr _____ he is happy all the time.
A. butB. andC. rD. s
43. —D yu knw ________ Dun Huang with his family?
— Next week.
A. when des Mr. Brwn visitB. when will Mr. Brwn visit
C. when did Mr. Brwn visitD. when Mr. Brwn will visit
44. ______ yu say srry t yur uncle, he wn’t frgive yu.
A. AlthughB. UnlessC. IfD. Since
45. Sina believes that ___ t care fr animals is great because she can d_____ she wants t d.
A. vlunteer, thatB. vlunteering, hwC. vlunteering, what
46. — What did Mr. Lee say just nw?
— He asked _________ last week.
A. where did we have a picnicB. where we had a picnic
C. where will we have a picnicD. where we will have a picnic
47. ________ the COVID-19 is still spreading in sme places, getting a vaccine (疫苗) is quite necessary.
A. BefreB. AlthughC. SinceD. Unless
48. Culd yu please say it again? I can’t understand _________ yu were talking abut.
A. hwB. whenC. whatD. where
49. —I’m wndering _______. It’s s ht tday.
—T keep yu safe.
A. what I can d t keep myself clB. where I can g swimming
C. whether I can buy an ice-creamD. why I’m nt allwed t swim in the river
50. She is reading a bk abut ____ ____ weight.
A. hw lseB. hw t lse
C. what t lseD. t hw lse
二、根据句子的意思选择适当的形式填空
51. Yu can eat (what) yu like. Please help yurself!
52. Our schl (rganize) a visit t the park unless it rains tmrrw.
53. Mther wn’t g t bed until she （finish）her husewrk.
54. He (make) prgress sn if he studies hard.
55. My mther asked me if I (g) shpping with her.
56. They (nt find) ut the answer until I (tell) them next Mnday.
57. If he cmes tnight, we (g) t the theater tgether.
58. My teacher tld me that light (travel) much faster than sund.
59. If yu (feel) tired, yu (have) t have a rest.
60. My schl isn’t as (large) as yurs.
61. _________ (when) we saw him, he was always playing cards.
62. If it (nt rain) tmrrw, we’ll g fr a picnic.
63. I dn’t have any brthers (and) sisters.
64. He desn't seem happy. I think smething bad (happen) t him.
65. Watching TV is better than (d) husewrk.
66. We’ll g fr a picnic if it (be) fine tmrrw.
67. What (happen) if there is n water n the earth?
68. It’s been five years since he (begin) t learn English.
69. We (g) fishing if it (nt rain) tmrrw.
70. We hear he (return) next mnth.
71. Culd yu tell me when the train (arrive)？
72. When (crss) the street, first lk t yur left side and then right.
73. Mr Brwn will g fishing tmrrw if it (nt rain) .
74. We were tld that water (turn) int ice when the temperature drps belw zer.
75. The lcal gvernment annunced that it (prvide) enugh daily gds fr peple during the lckdwn.
76. The enemy expected he (regret) nt giving in sn while he wuld rather die than betray his cuntry.
77. Abut 400 years ag, Galile prved that the earth (g) arund the sun.
78. Ben didn’t fall asleep until the wind (die dwn) at arund 3:00 a.m.
79. My aunt said she （prefer）reading bks t watching TV at hme.类 型
常用连词
举 例
并列关系
and,nt nly. . . but als. . . ,
bth. . . and. . . , neither. . . nr. . .
Nt nly did he speak mre crrectly, but he spke mre easily.
转折关系
but, yet, still, while, hwever
It’s raining hard, hwever, we have t g ut.
I have failed, yet I shall try again.
选择关系
r, either. . . r. . .
Are yu cming r nt?
因果关系
fr, s, therefre
He did his hmewrk very carefully, s he never made any mistakes.
分 类
引导词
举 例
时间状语从句
when/while/as(当……时), befre(在……之前), after(在……之后), since(自从), until(直到……为止), as sn as(一……就……)
I was ding my hmewrk when he came in.
He waited until Mr Black came back yesterday.
条件状语从句
if(如果),as lng as(只要),unless(除非)
I’ll g t the park if it is fine tmrrw.
Unless bad weather stps me, I g fr a walk every day.
原因状语从句
because(因为),since(既然),as(由于)
I like English because it’s very useful.
Since everyne is here, let’s begin ur class.
目的状语
从句
s that(以便,为了),in rder that(为了)
She came t my hme s that she culd brrw my bike.
结果状语
从句
s that(结果是),s/such. . . that(如此……以至于……)
It’s s cld utside that nbdy wants t g ut.
让步状语
从句
thugh/althugh(尽管,虽然),even if(即使),whatever(无论什么), wherever(无论哪里),whenever(无论何时)等
Thugh they are pr, they are very happy.
I wn’t mind even if he desn’t cme here.
比较状语
从句
than(比……),as. . . as(和……一样……),nt as/s. . . as(不如……)
He desn’t run s/as fast as Bill.
Jhn is taller than his brther.
要素
要 点
举 例
时态
主句是现在时,从句根据实际情况确定
I think (that) spring is a great seasn.
通常情况下,主句是过去时,从句用过去的某种时态
She said she wuld cme t my party.
从句表示客观真理时,总是用一般现在时
The teacher said that the mn ges arund the earth.
语序
从句一律用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语”结构
引导
词
that(在口语或非正式文体中常省略)
He tells me (that) he is ging shpping this Sunday.
whether、if(在口语中常用if)
Let’s see if/whether we can find ut sme infrmatin abut that city.
wh、what、which、when、 where、 hw、why等
D yu knw when the shp pens every day?
先行词
关系词
作 用
举 例
人
that, wh, whm
主语或宾语
D yu knw the girl wh/that is wearing a red cat?(作主语)
I dn’t knw the girl wh/that/whm yu are waiting fr. (作宾语)
物
that, which
主语或宾语
The schlbag that/which is n the desk is mine. (作主语)
The schl that/which we visited is very beautiful. (作宾语)
人
whse
定语
The by whse mther is a teacher studies very hard.
物
whse
定语
The huse whse windw is pen is very nice.
时间
when
状语
I still remember the day when yu came here.
地点
where
状语
This is the factry where my father wrks.
原因
why
状语
D yu knw the reasn why he was late?