10 必修三 Unit2 Natural disasters背诵清单（含练习与答案）- 高考英语一轮复习基础知识能力提升全囊括（译林版）

这是一份10 必修三 Unit2 Natural disasters背诵清单（含练习与答案）- 高考英语一轮复习基础知识能力提升全囊括（译林版），共10页。试卷主要包含了背重点单词，用核心词汇，记高频词汇，短语再现等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1.__________________n.灾难，灾害；彻底失败
2.__________________n.碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃vi.&vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃
3.__________________vi.&vt.发信号，示意；标志n.信号，暗号；信号灯
4.__________________vt.&vi.出去，离去，退场；退出n.出口，通道；离开
5.__________________n.名单；卷；一管；翻滚vi.&vt.翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起
6.__________________vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧
7.__________________vi.发生，出现；存在于
8.__________________n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动vt.使震惊
9.__________________n.补给，补给品；供应vt.供应，供给，提供
10.__________________n.洪水，水灾；大量vi.&.vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入
11.__________________vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘
12.__________________n.目的地，终点
13.__________________adv.否则，不然；除此以外
14.__________________adv.在(或向)较远处prep.在(或向)更远处；超出
15.__________________n.&.wt.救援，营救，抢救
答案：1.disaster 2.crash 3.signal 4.exit 5.rll 8.shck 9.supply 10.fld 13.therwise 14.beynd 15.rescue
二、用核心词汇
1.injure v.伤害，使受伤；损害→______________adj.受伤的；受损害的→______________n.伤害；损害；受伤处
2.react vi.反应；作出反应→_______________n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应
3.rder n.顺序；规则→______________adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的
4.cnfirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准→______________n.确认；证实
5.infrm vt.了解，熟悉；通知→_______________n.信息
6.scare vt.&vi.惊吓，害怕n.恐慌；惊吓→_______________adj.恐惧的；害怕的→___________adj.恐怖的；可怕的
7.pwer n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→______________adj.强大的；有感染力的→_______________adj.无力的；没有能力的
8.dnate v.捐赠，赠送；献(血)→______________n.捐赠；捐献→________________n.捐赠者
9.erupt vwi.&vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生→______________n.(火山的)爆发；喷发
10.exprt n.出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出vt.出口，输出→____________n.进口产品，输入的产品；输入vt.进口，引进
11.ash n.灰→______________ adj.覆盖着灰的；灰色的
12.bear v.忍受→___________adj.可忍受的；能应付的→_______________adj.难耐的，无法忍受的
13.distant adj.遥远的；冷淡的；疏远的→______________n.遥远，久远；距离；差异；疏远
14.sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→______________vt.削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利
15.retire vi.&vt.退休，退职→______________n.退休→______________adj.已退休的
答案：1.injured;injury 2.reactin 3.rderly 6.scared;scary 7.pwerful;pwerless
8.dnatin;dnatr 9.eruptin 10.imprt ;unbearable 13.distance 14.sharpen;sharpener
15.retirement;retired
【语境活用】
1.He gt______________during the ftball match and the ______________was serius.(injure)
2.I wanted t knw hw the students______________t my wrds as well as yur_______________.(react)
3.After he came int ______________ ,he didn't feel he was______________.He even felt he was_____________when he culdn't prtect his wife.(pwer)
4.We______________ mney t the schl every year. The_______________is given t thse in need.They are grateful t the ______________.(dnate)
5.The man is always ___________twards his neighbrs,s his neighbrs ften keep him at a ___________.(distant)
6.The by wants t buy a new pencil_____________t his pencil,because the previus ne he has isn't ______________at all.(sharp)
答案：1.injured;injury 2.reacted;reactin3.pwer;pwerful;pwerless 4.dnate;dnatin;dnatrs
5.distant;distance 6.sharpener;sharpen;sharp
三、记高频词汇
1.injure vt.伤害，使受伤，损害；损坏(名誉);伤害(感情)
2.cnfirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准
3.ccur vi.发生，出现；存在于
4.infrm vt.了解，熟悉；通知
5.shck n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动vt.使震惊
6.pwer n.电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量
7.supply n.补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备vt.供应，供给，提供
8.dnate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)
四、短语再现
1.__________________整个，全部2.__________________抓紧，不放开；保存某物
3.__________________同时4.__________________如果；假使；以防，以防万一
5.__________________点名6.__________________安然无恙的
7.__________________一系列8.__________________被想到，浮现在脑中
9.__________________(在困境中)保持冷静10.__________________提醒某人注意某事
11.__________________使某人宽慰的是12.__________________用完，耗尽
13.__________________与……一起14.__________________向四面八方
15.__________________呈现…的形状；采取…的形式16.__________________突然开始，爆发
17.__________________在远处18.__________________到处，各处
答案：1.at large 2.hld n t 3.at the same time 4.in case5.rll call 6.safe and sund 7.a series f 8.ccur t
9.keep ne's head 10.warn sb.f/abut ne's relief12.run ut f 13.alng with 14.in all directins
15.take the frm f 16.break ut 17.in the distance18.far and wide
短语活用
1.at large整个，全部
2.run ut f用完，耗尽
3.break ut突然开始，爆发
4.take the frm f呈现……的形状；采取……的形式
5.safe and sund安然无恙的
知识背诵检测
I.单词拼写
1.The researchers say they will carry ut mre studies t_______________ (确认)the results.
2.The sldiers were sent t the earthquake-stricken area immediately t_______________(营救)peple wh were trapped in the ruins.
3.Yu'd better make a mark where yu bury the wine,________________ (否则),yu may lse it.
4.What really wrries us is whether the explrers can accurately________________(找出……的准确位置)themselves with the ld device in case f the bad weather.
5.The fld last mnth in the suth was a real_______________(灾难),leaving 19 peple dead and 78 missing.
6.A dctr's task is t wrk fr the_______________(减轻)f patients' suffering.
Ⅱ.语境辨义(写出加黑部分的汉语意思)
1.Since COVID-19 has largely been brught under cntrl,peple in that cuntry return t their wrk in an rderly manner._______________
2.In an nline class,develping healthy patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant_______________
3.(熟词生义)Reading is an active learning experience that will keep yur mind sharp._______________
4.(熟词生义)When the firm crashed,they assumed the deal wuld be cancelled._______________
5.(熟词生义)A wave f happiness flded me,when receiving the amazing birthday present._______________
6.(熟词生义)A dark mass f cluds that suddenly erupted int a shwer f lightning gathered ver ne village._______________
7.(熟词生义)The charity prvided mney t staff and equip tw hspitals._______________
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.They signalled t me_______________(jin)them in playing games.
2.We are kept_______________(infrm)f what is happening in the wrld by reading newspapersand watching TV
3.But after being cleaned,iled and regulated,my watch slwed dwn t an_______________(bearable)degree.
4.They climbed t the tp f the twer,frm where they culd see what was happening in the_______________(distant).
5.She is very pleased with the result f her bld test,fr all tested items shw negative_______________(react).
6.The earthquake which has big_______________(destry)pwer is ne f the cmmn natural disasters.
7._______________(lcate)where the Belt meets the Rad,Jiangsu will cntribute mre t the Belt and Rad cnstructin.
IV.选词填空
at large, hld n t, rll call, keep yur head, t ne's great relief, keep away frm, make a difference,
knck dwn, wash away, watch ut fr
1._______________ ,I passed the final exam.
2.We shuld_______________the cultural pllutin clsely fr the time being.
3.Try t_______________ and just tell me what happened.
4.At last he accepted the pinin f the public________________.
5.Heavy rain wuld nt nly_______________the sil but wuld cause serius flds as well.
6.I tld him hw we had fught t_______________the cmpany.
7.We'll have mre space if we_______________the wall.
8.In rder t_______________drugs,yung peple shuld be educated t realize that drugs can't be mre harmful.
9.The athletes wh will cmpete in the track events shuld g t the_______________20minutes befre the race.
10.Even a few hurs a mnth can_______________in smene's life.
V.关联词汇用准用活
1.用活——同义试试看(用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇)
①He wuld nt have gt hurt if he had beyed the traffic rule._______________
②I kncked n the dr but there was n respnse._______________
③It is prved that the methd has gd applied value in teaching._______________
④The heart is situated rughly in the center f the chest cavity._______________
2.用准——易错对对碰
(1)run ut VS run ut f
①If we're nt careful,we're ging t_______________il.
②Cnditins are getting wrse and supplies are_______________.
(2)take place VS break ut
①On the early mrning f yesterday,a big fire_______________in an ffice building.
②It has been cnfirmed that the meeting will_______________next week.
VI.完成句子
1._______________________________,here's my number.(in case)
万一你需要帮助，这是我的电话号码。
2.An hur's sprt each day______________________________and wanting t g t bed early.(leave+宾语十宾语补足语)
每天一小时的运动让我筋疲力尽，只想早点上床休息。
3.When he returned hme frm Africa,he was very pleased t____________________________.(see+宾语十宾语补足语)
当他从非洲回来后，他很高兴看到自己的母亲得到了妥善的照顾。
4.Hundreds f peple hurried t d vluntary wrk here______________________________.(the mment)
一得知这片区域发生了地震，成百上千的人都赶到这里来做志愿工作。
5.We thught that,_____________________________________________,we'd stp by and see them.(since)
我们想，既然到了这个地方，就该顺便去看看他们。
答案： 4.lcate
Ⅱ.1.有条理的 2.模式 3.灵敏的4.破产 5.涌上心头6.突然发生 7.为……配备职员
Ⅲ jin 6.destructive 7.Lcated
my great relief 2.watch ut fr3.keep yur head4.at large5.wash away 6.hld n t7.knck dwn
8.keep away frm 9.rll call10.make a difference
V.1.①injured ②reactin ③cnfirmed ④lcated
2.(1)①run ut f ②running ut (2)①brke ut ②take place
case yu shuld need any help2.left me tired ut
3.see his mther taken gd care f 4.the mment they knew abut the earthquake in the area5.since we were in the area
背词条用法
(1)get injured受伤
the injured伤员
(2)d sb./neself an injury
=d an injury t sb./neself使某人/自己受伤害
背写作佳句
①First aid is very essential in ur life,especially when peple suddenly fall ill r get injured.
在我们的生活中，急救非常重要，特别是在有人突发疾病或受伤的时候。
②If yu try and lift that heavy suitcase,yu will d yurself an injury.
如果你试图提起那个沉重的手提箱，你会伤到自己的。
背词条用法
cnfirm a thery/rumur证实一种理论/谣言
cnfirm sb.in the belief that ...使某人坚信……
cnfirm that …确定/证实……
It has been cnfirmed that ...已经确定/证实……
背写作佳句
①(2021·浙江6月高考)Mst f the students think highly f this exhibitin,which cnfirms that it is a great chance t experience the charm
f Chinese art.
大多数学生对这次展览评价很高，这证明这是一次体验中国艺术魅力的绝佳机会。
②(2017·浙江6月高考)It has been cnfirmed that we will g t climb a muntain,where we can have a picnic.
已经确定我们将要去爬山，并在那里野餐。
背词条用法
Sth.ccurs/ccurred t sb. 某事被某人想起
It ccurs t/strikes/hits sb.that ...某人想起……
It ccurs/ccurred t sb.t d sth.某人想起做某事
背写作佳句
①It ccurs t me that we can turn t ur English teacher wh is knwledgeable and ready t help.
我想到我们可以求助于我们的英语老师，他知识渊博，乐于助人。
②It ccurred t me t g t the grcery t grab smething fr dinner n the way hme.
在回家的路上，我突然想起要去杂货店为晚餐买点东西。
背词条用法
infrm sb.f sth.告知某人某事
infrm sb.that ..通知某人……
infrm sb.+疑问词+t d告知某人……
keep sb.infrmed(f sth.)使某人了解(某事)
背写作佳句
①I aplgized t yu sincerely fr nt being able t infrm yu f the change in the plan.
我为没能通知你计划的改变，由衷地向你道歉。
②(2021·全国乙卷)Online learning via the Internet always keeps us infrmed f the develpment f the latest technlgy in the wrld.
通过互联网进行网络学习总能让我们知晓世界上最新的科技发展。
背词条用法
(1)in shck震惊，吃惊
(2)be shcked at/by对……感到震惊
背写作佳句
①He was still in shck frm what had happened earlier in the afternn.
他仍在为下午稍早所发生的事感到震惊。
②When we went t the Prest area f the cuntry t supprt educatin,we were shcked at what we had seen there.
当我们去这个国家最贫穷的地区支教时，我们对在那里看到的景象感到震惊。
背词条用法
within ne's pwer在某人能力/权力范围之内
beynd/ut f ne's pwer 某人力所不能及
be in pwer执政(强调状态)
cme t pwer开始掌权/执政(强调动作)
have(the)pwer t d sth.有能力/权力做某事
背写作佳句
①I'll d everything within my pwer t prepare well fr the cming exhibitin.
我将竭尽全力为即将到来的展览做好准备。
②Thugh he has been in pwer fr tw years, he hasn't fund an effective slutin t the cuntry's ecnmic prblems.
虽然他已经执政两年了，但还没有找到解决国家经济问题的有效办法。
背词条用法
(1)be in shrt supply供应不足
a supply f/supplies f ..……的供应
(2) sth.=supply sth.t .向……提供某物
背写作佳句
①As the Chinese market has great ptential,the current situatin is in shrt supply.
由于中国市场潜力巨大，目前的情况是供不应求。
②(2020·浙江7月高考)Lking back n the prcess f studying with yu,I will never frget the help yu supplied t me. 回顾和你一起学
习的过程，我永远不会忘记你给我提供的帮助。
背词条用法
(1)dnate 把……捐赠给……
dnate d sth.捐赠……做某事
(2)make a dnatin t向……捐赠
背写作佳句
①(2015·天律高考)T assist the students in learning Chinese better,ur schl has decided t dnate sme bks t yur Chinese class.
为了帮助学生更好地学习汉语，我们学校决定给你们的中文班捐赠一批图书。
②I was inspired t make a dnatin t the charity immediately after the dinner.我很受鼓舞，晚宴一结束，我便为该慈善机构捐款。
背相关短语
by and large大体上，总的说来
in large part在很大程度上
(as)large as life (表示惊讶地见到)本人，本身
背写作佳句
①His new nvel has been well received by the public at large.
他新创作的小说深受广大读者的欢迎。
②Their success is due in large part t their determinatin.
他们的成功在很大程度上应归功于他们的决心。
背相关短语
run ut用完；用光
run acrss偶然遇到
run fr竞选；匆匆去取
run int撞上；遇到；邂逅
run after追逐，追赶
背写作佳句
①Facing the prblem that precius natural resurces may be run ut f,n n accunt can we waste them. 面对宝贵的自然资源可能枯竭
的问题，我们决不能浪费资源。
②I'd like t run fr the vice president f the English club in ur schl.
我想竞选我校英语俱乐部的副会长。
背相关短语
carry ut实施；执行
check ut结账后离开
drp ut退出
leave ut忽略；遗漏
put ut扑灭；出版
背写作佳句
①After the epidemic brke ut,the whle cuntry united tgether and vercame it.
疫情暴发后，全国人民团结在一起，战胜了疫情。
②At last the firefighters put ut the fire in the supermarket,which brke ut at ten this mrning.消防队员终于把超市里的火扑灭了，这场火灾是今天上午十点发生的。
背相关短语
take frm逐渐成形；渐渐发展
in any shape r frm任何形式
背写作佳句
①Our next class will take the frm f a debate.
我们下一堂课将采用辩论的形式。
②As plans tk frm in her mind,she realized the need fr an assistant.
随着计划在脑海里逐渐成形，她意识到需要找一个助手。
③I dn't apprve f vilence in any shape r frm.
我不赞成任何形式的暴力行为。
背相关短语
far and wide到处，各处
flesh and bld亲人，骨肉
ups and dwns盛衰；沉浮
cut and dried固定的；已成定局的
fair and square正大光明的
背写作佳句
①We were very delighted that he returned,safe and sund.
看到他平安归来，我们非常高兴。
②They searched far and wide fr the missing child.
他们四处搜寻这个失踪的小孩。