2023年南京市鼓楼区中考一模英语试题（含答案解析）

这是一份2023年南京市鼓楼区中考一模英语试题（含答案解析），共27页。试卷主要包含了本试卷共10页等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．本试卷共10页。全卷满分为90分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2．请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答非选择题必须用0．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其它位置答题一律无效。
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1．—What caused the accident, sir?
—The car was travelling ________ high speed．
A．nB．atC．byD．with
2．—Jessie, where’re yu ging this summer hliday?
—Yunnan． The weather is fine with temperatures in the ________．
A．twentyB．twenty’sC．twentiesD．twentieth
3．Students shuld attend Labur Curses ________ they can learn sme life skills．
A．ifB．unlessC．s thatD．in rder t
4．Try t be the master f yur life． Life is a hrse and ________ yu ride it ________ it rides yu．
A．either, rB．neither, nrC．bth, andD．nt nly, but als
5．—Have yu watched China in Classics n CCTV-1 recently?
—Yes． It brings Chinese ancient bks ________ n screen．
A．liveB．aliveC．livingD．lively
6．—________ great surprise t see yu here, Daniel!
—Yeah． We haven’t seen each ther fr quite a lng time．
A．What aB．WhatC．Hw aD．Hw
7．Life ften ________ t be stranger than we expect． We shuld be prepared fr the wrst．
A．wrks utB．breaks utC．turns utD．runs ut
8．—We planted lts f trees n Tree Planting Day．
—That’s quite meaningful． If mre trees ________, we’ll have a greener wrld．
A．plantB．are plantedC．will plantD．will be planted
9．—China’s C919 aircraft ________ ver 1,000 rders frm hme and abrad．
—Great! Mre C919 aircraft will be in use sn．
A．has receivedB．will receiveC．receivesD．received
10．—I haven’t decided ________．
—We hpe yu can jin us． It is a chance t learn histry．
A．if I will jin the Reading ClubB．that I will jin the Reading Club
C．when will I visit Nanjing MuseumD．whether I will visit Nanjing Museum
11．—Helen seems t be in a better shape．
—That’s true． She is trying t eat a healthier diet, with ________ meat and sugar．
A．fewB．fewerC．littleD．less
12．The sentence “The murderer was a fat man, with a square face, abut six feet tall, …” describes a persn’s ________．
A．weightB．heightC．appearanceD．persnality
13．Which sentence is the mst suitable fr the blank in the text n the right?
A．Ann likes sprts very much．B．Ann’s favurite sprt is cycling．
C．Ann is a gd muntain climber．D．Ann des well in playing baseball．
14．—Mm, yu lk s tired． I’ll wash the dishes．
—________． Thank yu, Jack．
AIf yu preferB．It all dependsC．If yu dn’t careD．It culdn’t be better
15．—Gd evening, sir． What can I d fr yu? We have sme special ndles here．
—Mm, let me lk at the menu． ________
A．I want a bwl f beef ndles with ne egg．
B．I’d like a bwl f beef ndles with ne egg, please．
C．Can yu bring me a bwl f beef ndles with ne egg?
D．Will yu bring me a bwl f beef ndles with ne egg?
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Masaru Ibuka, the chairman f Sny, was nce at a cmpany planning meeting． Suddenly he had a great idea． He ____16____ the meeting and asked everyne what wuld happen if Sny sld headphnes with a tape player． Almst everyne thught he was crazy． Still, Ibuka kept thinking abut his idea and wrked at ____17____ it． The result, f curse, was the successful Sny Walkman．
Gd ideas ften start with a really ____18____ questin． Bill Bwerman was making breakfast ne day． As he std there making waffles (华夫饼) fr his sn, he wndered what wuld happen if he pured rubber (橡胶) int his waffle pan． Later, he tried it and the result lked ____19____ like the bttm f tday’s sprts shes． Still, when he tk this idea t several famus she cmpanies, he was simply laughed at． In fact, every single cmpany turned him dwn．____20____ he was refused, Bwerman didn’t give up and went n t start his wn cmpany, making NIKE athletic shes．
Smetimes gd ideas grw ut f failure． When Fred Smith was a ____21____ at Yale University, he had sme paperwrk that he needed t deliver (投递) acrss the cuntry the next day． Smith was amazed t find ut that vernight delivery was impssible． He sat fr a lng while wndering ____22____． He decided t design an vernight mail service and turned it int a class prject． His prfessr gave him nly a C fr his effrts．____23____, Smith kept n wrking and finally turned his ideas int ne f the first and mst successful vernight mail services in the wrld—FedEx．
We knw tday, f curse, that each f these ideas ____24____ an unbelievable successful prduct r service． The best questins are usually pen-ended and are ften silly． Children aren’t afraid t ask such questins, but _____25_____ usually are． Think hw different the wrld might be if peple never asked “silly” questins!
16． A．cntinuedB．beganC．stppedD．finished
17． A．intrducingB．imprvingC．recmmendingD．explaining
18． A．sillyB．creativeC．simpleD．difficult
19 A．anythingB．everythingC．nthingD．smething
20． A．WhenB．BecauseC．UntilD．Thugh
21． A．teacherB．studentC．librarianD．wrker
22． A．whenB．whereC．whatD．why
23． A．MreverB．InsteadC．HweverD．Otherwise
24． A．led tB．started frmC．came withD．carried ut
25． A．adultsB．parentsC．managersD．prfessrs
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
26．What time will the festival begin?
A．At 10 a．m．．B．At 11 a．m．．C．At 1 p．m．．D．At 2 p．m．．
27．What jb will be dne the day befre the festival starts?
AMaking psters．B．Setting up the gym．
C．Cleaning up the gym．D．Helping the perfrmers．
28．Wh needs t talk t Ms． Lin?
A．Parents．B．Students．C．Teachers．D．Perfrmers．
B
Snw frests make up abut 30% f the wrld’s ttal frest areas． These wnderful wdlands are nt as famus as the Amazn r ther rainfrests but they are very imprtant fr Earth’s health．
Snw frests are fund in the far nrth f the wrld, in areas that are quite cld and usually have a lt f snwfall． They run fr thusands f miles and cver abut 17% f Earth’s ttal land area．
Snw frests have very cld winters that can last up t six mnths but even s, they are hme t many kinds f animals, including fxes, hares, mice, mse, reindeer and wlves．
These wdlands have an imprtant jb—helping t absrb (吸收) carbn-based gases, which can cause climate change． Hwever, snw frests are facing several dangers． Trees are being cut dwn faster and faster fr their wd, which can be used fr building． Sme frests are being cleared t make space fr new rads and huses, r t allw cal mining and il and gas industries t grw． This leads t less and less living space fr wildlife． As the wrld gets warmer and weather changes, the risk f fires in snw frests rises． In recent years, Canada and Russia have seen very dangerus fires．
Envirnmental and wildlife grups arund the wrld are wrking hard t make snw frests prtected areas． This means that lgging is nt allwed r cntrlled in sme areas and the frests are seen as areas f special scientific interest． When wd is needed, tree replanting and careful frest management help t reduce the bad influence． Hpefully this means that the frest is managed in a way that it can survive and regrw．
29．Accrding t this passage, what d we knw abut snw frests?
A．They are at the suthern end f the earth．
B．They cver abut 30% f Earth’s land area．
C．They are nt as imprtant as the rainfrests．
D．They prvide living areas fr many wild animals．
30．Which is NOT the danger that snw frests are facing?
A．The trees are being cut dwn．B．Sme frests are being cleared．
C．The winters are clder than befre．D．The risk f fires is rising greatly．
31．What des lgging in the last paragraph mst prbably mean?
A．Cutting dwn trees．B．Burning the frest．
C．Building rads and huses．D．Hunting wild animals．
C
“Did yu see that?” Je said t his friend Bill．
“Yu’re a great shter!”
Bill caught the basketball and bunced it befre thrwing it again． The ball flew int the net．
“Bill, yu never miss!” Je said admiringly．
“Unless I’m in a real game,” Bill cmplained． “Then I miss all the time．”
Je knew that Bill was right． Bill perfrmed much better when he was having fun with Je in the schl yard than he did when he was playing fr the schl team in frnt f a large crwd．
“Maybe yu just need t practice mre,” Je suggested．
“But I practice all the time with yu!” Bill disagreed． He shk his head, “I just can’t play well when peple are watching me．”
“Yu play well when I’m watching,” Je pinted ut．
“That’s because I’ve knwn yu since we were five years ld,” Bill said with a smile． “I’m just nt cmfrtable playing when ther peple are arund．”
Je ndded and understd, but he als had an idea．
The next day Je and Bill met in the schl yard again t practice． After a few minutes, Je excused himself．
“Practice withut me,” Je said t his friend． “I’ll be back in a minute．”
Je hurried thrugh the schl building, gathering tgether whmever he culd find—tw students, a maths teacher, tw secretaries, and a janitr． When Je explained why he needed them, everyne was happy t help．
Je reminded the grup t stay quiet as they all went tward the schl’s basketball curt． As Je had hped, Bill was still practicing basketball． He made five baskets in a rw withut nticing the silent peple standing behind him．
“Hey, Bill!” Je called ut finally．
Bill turned． A lk f surprise came ver his face．
“I just wanted t shw yu that yu culd play well with peple watching yu,” Je said． “Nw yu’ll have nthing t wrry abut fr the next game!”
32．What wuld be the best title fr the stry?
A．Tw Basketball LversB．Practice Makes Perfect
C．Bill Wins the Big GameD．Bill’s Basketball Prblem
33．Why is Bill unhappy?
A．His team lses t many imprtant games．
B．Je watches him t clsely when he plays．
C．The schl yard is nt a gd place t practice．
D．He plays better in practice than he des during games．
34．Why des Je decide t gather a grup f peple?
A．Because he wants t shw them his talent．
B．Because he wants mre players fr his team．
C．Because he wants t help Bill feel less nervus．
D．Because he wants mre peple t see the next game．
35．Why des the grup have t stay quiet?
A．Because Bill likes t practice alne．
B．Because Je is telling Bill what t d．
C．Because the grup needs t listen t Je’s instructins．
D．Because they d nt want Bill t knw they were there．
D
One f America’s best-knwn and mst-lved authrs is Luisa May Alctt． She wrte pems, plays, shrt stries, and bks． Fr ver a hundred years, her wrks have been ppular amng bth adults and children． Hw did Alctt becme a famus writer?
Brn in 1832, Alctt grew up in Massachusetts with her three sisters． When she was very yung, she lved t write． She wuld think up wnderful stries that she turned int plays． Alctt and her sisters acted ut the dramas． Alctt always played the mst exciting parts: ghst, bandits, and evil queens． She als lved playing and wandering utdrs． In fact, she was cnsidered quite a “tmby”． In thse days, girls were expected t be ladylike, which meant mstly sitting arund lking pretty． This was nt Alctt’s way! She nce said that n by culd be her friend until she had beaten him in a race． Girls had t climb trees and leap fences with her if they wanted t be her friends．
Alctt’s family was pr． At age fifteen, Alctt decided t help ut． Hwever, it was nt easy fr wmen t find wrk in the 19th century． Alctt wrked at any jb she culd find． She tk care f children, she taught, and she washed laundry fr ther peple．
Alctt’s lve f writing was always an imprtant part f her． She wrte frm her wn life experiences and frm her imaginatin． During the Civil War Alctt vlunteered t wrk as a nurse． She wrte abut this wrk in her bk Hspital Sketches． She als wrte thrillers (惊悚小说) that were full f suspense． When her publisher asked her t write a bk fr girl． Alctt turned t her wn life．
It was then, in 1868, that she wrte what was t becme her mst ppular bk, Little Wmen． The nvel is set in New England during the Civil War． It tells the stry f fur sisters grwing up． The family is very similar t the Alctts． The bk’s main character, J, is based n Alctt herself． Like Alctt, J is a determined yung wman with a mind f her wn． The bk was an instant success． It is still ppular tday and has been made int a mvie． Alctt als wrte children’s bks with bys as the main characters． This was the case in tw ther Alctt bks, Little Men and J’s Bys．
Early in her career smene nce tld Alctt that she shuld give up writing and “stick t teaching”． It is lucky that Alctt paid n attentin t this misguided persn． She knew what she wanted t d with her life and she did it!
36．Which wrds in Paragraph 2 help readers knw what the wrd dramas means?
A．Turned int plays．B．Lved t write．
C．Grew up in Massachusetts．D．Wandering utdrs．
37．Which questin des Paragraph 3 answer?
A．Where did Alctt g t wrk?
B．Hw did Alctt help her family?
C．What subject did Alctt teach at schl?
D．Why was it difficult fr wmen t find wrk?
38．In Paragraph 5, why are the wrds Little Men and J’s Bys written like this?
A．T make the wrds easier t read．
B．T shw that they are titles f bks．
C．T make them mre interesting t readers．
D．T shw that they are different frm ther bks．
39．What is the MOST likely the reasn why the authr included the last paragraph?
A．T explain why sme peple shuld nt give advice．
B．T advise readers t read mre abut Luisa May Alctt’s life．
C．T shw that Luisa May Alctt gt what she wanted ut f life．
D．T encurage readers t write stries abut their wn experiences．
40．What wuld be a gd nline search fr this questin: Hw did Alctt’s family influence her writing?
A．Mdern Wmen Writers
B．Nvels and Mvies: Little Wmen
C．Putting Tgether Life and Writing: Alctt
D．The Cmplete Wrks f Luisa May Alctt
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分满分15分）
A) 请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41—45的相应横线上。
41．—What wuld yu like t be in the future?
—A dctr． It is my grandpa’s greatest __________ (愿望)．
42．We are __________ (幸运的) enugh t have such a nice schl near where we live．
43．—What’s yur pretty pleasant experience, Han Xue?
—I remember __________ (曾经) it snwed n my birthday, and I was s excited．
44．Tm’s father used t take a stick t __________(惩罚)him when he was telling a lie．
45．—Take a seat, please． Wuld yu like green tea r black tea?
—__________ (两者都不), thanks． Just a glass f water, please．
B) 请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46—50的相应横线上。
46．Argentina sccer team wn the Wrld Cup last December because it had many talented ________ (play)．
47．—D yu knw that Kate seems quite happy tday?
—Yes． It was Kate _________ (she) wh tld me．
48．China has ________ (chse) its wn system different frm the Western mdel, which is prved t be mre suitable．
49．I _________ (care) left the keys n the table and nw I can’t find them anywhere．
50．If yu want t knw mre abut Nanjing, the best way _________ (explre) it is n ft r by bike．
C) 选词填空
请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。
Tday the muntain grillas are in danger． There are nly abut 630． They live in the rainfrest and the muntains in Uganda in Africa．
Muntain grillas are very big and strng． They have large heads and ____51____． Their arms are lnger than their legs． Muntain grillas can weigh 180 kilgrams and they can be tw metres tall． They can live up t 40 years ____52____．
Muntain grillas eat a lt f plants and fruit． At night, they make nests t sleep in． They build new nests each night in trees r ____53____． Muntain grillas live in family grups． The biggest and the strngest adult male grilla, a silverback, is the leader f the family grup． They are called “silverbacks” because the clur f their hair changes t silver and grey when they ____54____．
They can be angry when their family grup is in danger． But muntain grillas are usually very gentle and shy． They hardly ever ____55____． If yu meet a muntain grilla, d nt mve and d nt lk at it．
五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
A)
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中第56—65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。请将答案填写在答题卡标号为1—5的相应横线上。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
On January 9, 1896, Ma Yisheng was brn in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Prvince． He was a famus bridge expert, civil engineering scientist and educatr f China． He jined the Cmmunist Party f China in Octber 1987．
Ma Yisheng mved with his family t Nanjing shrtly after he was brn． In Nanjing, the yung Ma received a mdern educatin that included maths, science and arts rather than a mre traditinal Chinese classical educatin． He graduated frm Tangshan Engineering Cllege in 1916． In 1917, he was accepted int America’s Crnell University where he earned his Master’s degree． Then he mved t Carnegie Melln University where he became the first PhD student in the university’s histry． His dissertatin (博士论文) cntributed greatly t bridge thery in the 1920s．
Dr． Ma was cnsidered as the funder (奠基人) f mdem bridge engineering in China． He designed Qiantang River Bridge, the first rad-and-railway bridge designed and built by a Chinese． His rich experience in building the bridge is wrth writing abut in internatinal bridges． He als tk part in the design f China’s first mdem bridge—Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge． Mrever, Dr． Ma als led the design f the Great Hall f the Peple in Beijing． He became an academician (院士) f Chinese Academy f Sciences in 1955, and the first Chinese scientist t be awarded the title f a freign academician f the United States Natinal Academy f Engineering in 1982．
Upn his return t China, Dr． Ma wrked in five famus universities and held the psitin f president (校长) f fur f them． He greatly influenced Chinese engineering educatin by intrducing new teaching methds． What’s mre, Dr． Ma was a famus schlar f the histry f science in China． He publicly supprted ppular science educatin, and wrte a large number f science articles．
Dr． Ma passed away in Beijing at the age f 93． He was awarded the title f “the mst beautiful fighter” in 2019． Ma Yisheng played an imprtant rle in Chinese structural engineering． Tday his bridges cnnect peple thrughut the cuntry．
B) 请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为66—75的相应位置上。
Yu might have fund a friend r classmate wh remembers every single detail． Hw can they make it? A gd memry is ften seen as smething that cmes naturally, and a b____66____ memry as smething that cannt be changed, but actually there are plenty f things that yu can d t imprve yur memry．
We all remember the things we are i____67____ in and frget the nes that make us feel bred． This n dubt explains the reasn why schlbys remember ftball results w____68____ difficultly but make a very great effrt t remember dates frm their histry lessns! Take an active interest in what yu want t remember, and pay clse a___69___． One way t “make” yurself mre interested is t ask questins—the mre the better! Mrever, researchers have fund that infrmatin rganized in grups can be easy t remember． Yu can use this by rganizing the materials yu are s____70____． Try gruping similar knwledge tgether, r make a mind map f textbk readings t help grup the infrmatin． Then when yu learn mre abut that subject, yu understand that better． Be sure things are clear in yur m____71____． If nt, ask questins until yu understand! What’s mre, when yu’re learning new materials, take the time t think abut the relatinship b____72____ the present infrmatin and what yu’ve already knwn． Then it can help yu remember the infrmatin． Physical exercise is als imprtant fr yur memry, b____73____ it increases yur heart rate and sends mre xygen t yur brain, and that makes yur memry wrk better． Exercise als r____74____ stress, which is very bad fr the memry．
S the next time yu’re learning new infrmatin, yu can use the m_____75_____ abve． I’m sure that yu will imprve yur memry and get mre ut f it．
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76．红星中学王校长是一位英语老师，在学校网站的英语栏目“HEAR YOUR VOICE”发帖，了解学生学习和学校食堂两方面的情况。假如你是学生李明，请根据校长的帖子，选择其中一个方面反映问题，并提出建议。
注意：
1．内容涵盖所有要点，适当发挥，全文连贯通顺。
2．词数80左右（回帖开头和结尾不计入总词数）。
3．文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。．
Dear Mr． Wang,
I am Li Ming, frm Grade Nine．_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs faithfully
Li Ming
________ She ges cycling twice a week and ften ges muntain climbing n Sundays． She learns baseball n Saturdays, and nw she plays it very well．
Student Vlunteers Needed!
On Wednesday, May 3rd, frm 10 a．m． until 4 p．m．, Mnlight Middle Schl will hld a music festival in the schl gym． The special event will feature a variety f prfessinal musicians and singers．
Task Time Date
Make psters 1 p．m．—4 p．m． April 26th
Set up gym 11 a．m．—4 p．m． May 2nd
Help perfrmers 9 a．m．—4 p．m． May 3rd
Welcme guests 10 a．m．—2 p．m． May 3rd
Clean up gym 4 p．m．—7 p．m． May 3rd
Interested students shuld speak with Ms． Lin, the music teacher． Students wh wuld like t help at the festival must have written permissin frm a parent．
n the grund attack peple in the wild small eyes and ears grw ld
Persnal infrmatin
➢Ma Yisheng (1896—1989) is a bridge expert, scientist and educatr．
➢He became a ____56____ f the Party in 1987．
Educatin
____57____
➢At an ____58____ age, Ma Yisheng received a mdern educatin．
➢After graduating frm Tangshan Engineering Cllege, he went abrad fr ____59____ educatin．
➢His dissertatin made a great ____60____ t bridge thery in the 1920s．
Achievements
➢Dr． Ma was the chief ____61____ f tw famus mdern bridges and the Great Hall f the Peple．
➢He was an academician f ____62____ the Chinese Academy f Sciences and the United States Natinal Academy f Engineering．
➢He ____63____ new teaching methds t Chinese engineering educatin．
➢He wrte many science articles t ____64____ ppular science educatin．
Praise
➢Awarded “the mst beautiful fighter”, he is f great ____65____ t Chinese structural engineering．
←HEAR YOUR VOICE
Mr． Wang
Dear students,
Hw is everything ging? D yu have any prblems with yur study? Fr example, d yu ften stay up late t finish yur hmewrk? What abut ur Students’ Canteen (食堂)? Are yu satisfied with yur lunch?
Lking frward t yur prblems and advice．
5:20 PM． Apr． 16, 2023
参考答案
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1．B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——什么导致了这场车祸，先生？——这辆车是以急速行驶的。
考查介词辨析。n在上面；at以（某种速度、价格等）；by通过；with随着。“at high speed”是固定表达，意为“高速，急速”。故选B。
2．C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——杰希，这个暑假你要去哪里？——云南。天气很好，温度在二十几度。
考查基数词用法。根据“The weather is fine with temperatures in the．．．”可知，此处考查温度的表达，介词短语in the twenties“二十几度”，基数词用复数形式表示虚指。故选C。
3． C
【解析】
【详解】句意：学生应该参加劳动课程，以便学习一些生活技能。
考查从属连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；s that以便，后跟句子；in rder t为了，后跟动词短语。根据“Students shuld attend Labur Curses．．．they can learn sme life skills．”可知，此处指以便学习一些生活技能，后面是一个完整的句子。故选C。
4．A
【解析】
【详解】句意：努力成为你生活的主人。生活是一匹马，要么你骑着它，要么它骑着你。
考查连词辨析。either．．．r要么……要么；neither．．．nr既不……也不；bth．．．and两者都；nt nly．．．but als不但……而且。根据“yu ride it．．．it rides yu”可知是要么你骑着它，要么是它骑着你。故选A。
5．B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你最近看过《典籍里的中国》吗？——是的。他使得中国古代典籍在屏幕上“活”起来。
考查词义辨析。live生活，现场直播；alive活的，常做表语；living活的，常做定语；lively生机勃勃的。bing．．．alive“使……复活”。故选B。
6．A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，在这里见到你真是一个惊喜！——是的。我们好久没见面了。
考查感叹句。根据“．．． great surprise t see yu here, Daniel!”可知，句子为感叹句，句子的中心词为surprise，可数名词单数，且great是以辅音音素开头，所以对应感叹句结构为What+a+形容词+名词+主+谓！故选A。
7．C
【解析】
【详解】句意：生活往往比我们预想的要陌生。我们应该做好最坏的打算。
考查动词短语。wrks ut解决；breaks ut爆发；turns ut结果是；runs ut用完。根据“Life ften．．．t be stranger than we expect”可知生活结果会比预想的要陌生。故选C。
8．B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我们在植树节种了很多树。——这很有意义。如果种更多的树，我们将有一个更绿色的世界。
考查被动语态。分析语境可知，主语和动词plant之间是被动关系，if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。
9．A
【解析】
【详解】句意：——中国的C919飞机收到超过一千个来自国内外的订单。——真棒！更多C919飞机将很快被使用。
考查时态。根据“Great! Mre C919 aircraft will be in use sn．”可知上文1000个订单已经完成，用现在完成时。故选A。
10．D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——我还没有决定是否要参观南京博物馆。——我们希望你可以加入我们。这是一次学习历史的机会。
考查宾语从句。空格处处在“decided”的后面，可知是宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句的语序，排除C；根据“haven’t decided”可知，此处引导词应用带有疑问的词，故排除B；根据“learn histry．”可知与南京博物馆有关。故选D。
11．D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——海伦的身体似乎好多了。——确实如此。她正在努力吃更健康的饮食，少吃肉和糖。
考查比较级。few很少的，修饰可数名词复数；fewer更少的，few的比较级；little很少的，修饰不可数名词；less较少的，little的比较级。根据句中的“She is trying t eat a healthier diet”可知，此处要用比较级，又因“meat and sugar”为不可数名词，所以应用比较级less作定语。故选D。
12．C
【解析】
【详解】句意：句子“凶手是一个胖子，方脸，大约六英尺高，……”描述的是一个人的外貌。
考查名词辨析。weight体重；height身高；appearance外貌；persnality性格。根据“a fat man, with a square face, abut six feet tall”可知，这些是对一个人的外貌进行描写。故选C。
13．A
【解析】
【详解】句意：下列哪个句子放在空白处最合适？安非常喜欢运动。她一周骑两次车，并经常在周日爬山，她在周六学习棒球，现在她打的很好。
考查句子理解。Ann likes sprts very much安非常喜欢运动；Ann’s favurite sprt is cycling安最喜欢的运动是骑自行车；Ann is a gd muntain climber安是一个很好的登山者；Ann des well in playing baseball安棒球打得很好。空格后讲的与运动相关，提到的运动包括骑车，爬山，打棒球。空格处作为总起句子应总结后文，结合选项可知A符合。故选A。
14．D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——妈妈，你看起来这么累，我来洗碗吧。——那再好不过了。谢谢你，杰克。
考查情景交际。If yu prefer如果你更喜欢；It all depends那要看情况；If yu dn’t care如果你不在意；It culdn’t be better那再好不过了。根据“Thank yu, Jack．”可知是接受了帮忙，结合选项可知D符合。故选D。
15．B
【解析】
【详解】句意：——晚上好，先生。我能为你做什么？我们这里有一些特色面条。——嗯，让我看看菜单。我想要一碗牛肉面和一个鸡蛋。
考查情景交际。根据“What can I d fr yu? We have sme special ndles here．”可知，情景是在餐馆点菜，所以选项B“我想要一碗牛肉面和一个鸡蛋。”符合语境。故选B。
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
16． C 17． B 18． A 19． D 20． D 21． B 22． D 23． C 24． A 25． A
【解析】
【导语】本文通过三个人的例子来论述“疯狂的想法有时候有助于伟大的发明”。
【16题详解】
句意：他停下会议并询问大家如果索尼出售带有录音机的耳机会发生什么。
cntinued继续；began开始；stpped停止；finished完成。根据“He．．． the meeting and asked everyne what wuld happen if Sny sld headphnes with a tape player．”可知，在询问所有人问题之前，应是先停下会议进程。故选C。
【17题详解】
句意：尽管如此，伊布卡还是一直在思考他的想法，并努力改进它。
intrducing介绍；imprving改进；recmmending推荐；explaining解释。根据“The result, f curse, was the successful Sny Walkman．”可知，结果是成功的，伊布卡成功做出了索尼随身听，可推测空处是在不断改进。故选B。
【18题详解】
句意：好的想法往往从一个非常愚蠢的问题开始。
silly愚蠢的；creative有创造性的；simple简单的；difficult困难的。根据“Still, when he tk this idea t several famus she cmpanies, he was simply laughed at．”可知，当鲍尔曼把他的想法传递给几个著名的鞋子公司时，他被嘲笑了，可推测是想法听起来愚蠢才会被嘲笑。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：后来，他试了一下，结果看起来有点像今天的运动鞋的底部。
anything任何东西；everything所有东西；nthing没有东西；smething某个东西。根据“like the bttm f tday’s sprts shes”可知，此处表达的是像今天的运动鞋的底部的某样东西，强调个体，且用于肯定句，用smething。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：尽管他被拒绝了，但是鲍尔曼没有放弃，并继续创办了自己的公司，生产耐克运动鞋。
When当……时候；Because因为；Until直到……为止；Thugh尽管。根据“he was refused, Bwerman didn’t give up and went n t start his wn cmpany, making NIKE athletic shes．”可知，空处前后是转折关系，虽然被拒绝，但是没放弃，用Thugh引导让步状语从句。故选D。
【21题详解】
句意：当弗雷德·史密斯还是耶鲁大学的学生的时候，他有一些文件需要第二天提交全国各地。
teacher老师；student学生；librarian图书管理员；wrker工人。根据“at Yale University”以及“His prfessr gave him nly a C fr his effrts．”可知，弗雷德·史密斯身处耶鲁大学，且有教授，需要做作业，可推测是一名学生。故选B。
【22题详解】
句意：他坐了很久，想知道为什么。
when什么时候；where在哪里；what什么；why为什么。根据“Smith was amazed t find ut that vernight delivery was impssible．”可知，史密斯很惊奇地发现隔夜递送是不可能的，他想知道这为什么不可能。故选D。
【23题详解】
句意：然而，史密斯继续工作，最终把他的想法变成了世界上最早也是最成功的隔夜邮政服务之一——联邦快递。
Mrever而且；Instead取而代之的是；Hwever然而；Otherwise否则。根据“His prfessr gave him nly a C fr his effrts．”以及“Smith kept n wrking and finally turned his ideas int ne f the first and mst successful vernight mail services in the wrld—FedEx．”可知，虽然教授给了史密斯C的评价，但是他仍然在努力实现自己的想法，前后是转折关系，用Hwever。故选C。
【24题详解】
句意：当然，我们今天知道，这些想法中的每一个都导致了令人难以置信的成功产品或服务。
led t导致；started frm从……开始；came with随……而来；carried ut执行。根据“each f these ideas．．． an unbelievable successful prduct r service”可知，想法和成功的产品服务之间是因果关系，是想法导致了产品服务的生成。故选A。
【25题详解】
句意：孩子们不怕问这样的问题，但成年人通常会害怕。
adults成人；parents父母；managers经理；prfessrs教授。根据“Children aren’t afraid t ask such questins, but．．． usually are．”可知，此处是前后对比，孩子不害怕，但是成人会害怕，将孩子与成人进行对比。故选A。
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
26． A 27． B 28． B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是志愿者招募的相关信息。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Welcme guests 10 a．m．—2 p．m． May 3rd”可知音乐节10点开始。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Welcme guests 10 a．m．—2 p．m． May 3rd”及“Set up gym 11 a．m．—4 p．m． May 2nd”可知音乐节5月3日开始，在此之前完成的是场馆建立，在5月2日。故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Interested students shuld speak with Ms． Lin”可知感兴趣的学生需要和林女士沟通。故选B。
29． D 30． C 31． A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍关于雪地的相关内容并号召人们保护雪林。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Snw frests have very cld winters that can last up t six mnths but even s, they are hme t many kinds f animals, including fxes, hares, mice, mse, reindeer and wlves．”可知，雪林是许多动物的家园，包括狐狸、野兔、老鼠、驼鹿、驯鹿和狼。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Hwever, snw frests are facing several dangers． Trees are being cut dwn faster and faster fr their wd, which can be used fr building． Sme frests are being cleared t make space fr new rads and huses, r t allw cal mining and il and gas industries t grw． This leads t less and less living space fr wildlife． As the wrld gets warmer and weather changes, the risk f fires in snw frests rises．”可知，树木被砍伐的速度越来越快，一些森林正在被砍伐，以及随着世界变暖和天气变化，雪林发生火灾的风险也在上升。没有提到冬天比以前更冷是雪林面临的危险。故选C。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据“This means that lgging is nt allwed r cntrlled in sme areas and the frests are seen as areas f special scientific interest．”可知，这意味着在某些区域不允许或控制伐木作业，而且森林被视为具有特殊科学价值的地区，可推测lgging的意思是“采伐树木”，故选A。
32． D 33． D 34． C 35． D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要是Je帮助朋友Bill克服有人在观看他打篮球时，影响发挥的问题。
【32题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了Bill在打篮球时遇到的问题，故选D。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“‘Unless I’m in a real game,’ Bill cmplained． ‘Then I miss all the time．’”可知Bill不开心是因为在比赛时他总是不能投进，而平时练习时能投进。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Nw yu’ll have nthing t wrry abut fr the next game!”可知Je让人们聚在一起看Bill打球是让他不担心下一次的比赛，即适应下人们观看他比赛的情况，减少紧张感。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“As Je had hped, Bill was still practicing basketball． He made five baskets in a rw withut nticing the silent peple standing behind him．”可知人们安静的看着他打篮球，他没有回头看之前并不知道有人在背后，这样他就不会受到人们的影响。故选D。
36． A 37． B 38． B 39． C 40． C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了作家Luisa May Alctt及其作品。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“She wuld think up wnderful stries that she turned int plays． Alctt and her sisters acted ut the dramas．”可知，她会把精彩的故事变成戏剧。她和她的姐妹把它表演出来，因此turned int plays能够帮助读者理解dramas的意思。故选A。
【37题详解】
主旨大意题。根据“Alctt’s family was pr． At age fifteen, Alctt decided t help ut．”及本段内容可知，本段主要讲述了Alctt如何帮助家里摆脱困境。故选B。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This was the case in tw ther Alctt bks, Little Men and J’s Bys．”可知，这样写是为了表明它们是书的标题。故选B。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据“She knew what she wanted t d with her life and she did it!”及本段内容可知，作者写最后一段是为了表明Luisa May Alctt得到了她想要的生活。故选C。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据题干“Hw did Alctt’s family influence her writing”可知，关于“她的家庭如何影响她的写作”的问题，可以通过把她的生活和写作放在一起来搜索更好。故选C。
四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分满分15分）
41．wish
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你将来想要成为什么？——一名医生。它是我爷爷最大的愿望。wish“愿望”，根据“It is”可知用单数，故填wish。
42．lucky
【解析】
【详解】句意：我们很幸运，在我们住的地方附近有一所这么好的学校。lucky“幸运的”，形容词作表语。故填lucky。
43．nce
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你的愉快的经历是什么，韩雪？——我记得曾经在我生日的时候下过雪。并且我是如此的兴奋。nce“曾经”，副词。故填nce。
44．punish
【解析】
【详解】句意：汤姆的父亲过去常常在他说谎时拿棍子惩罚他。punish“惩罚”，take sth． t d“用某物做某事”，此处用动词原形，故填punish。
45．Neither
【解析】
【详解】句意：——请坐。您要绿茶还是红茶？——都不需要，谢谢。只需要一杯水。Neither“两者都不”，不定代词，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Neither。
46．players
【解析】
【详解】句意：阿根廷足球队去年十二月赢得世界杯因为它有许多有天赋的运动员。根据“it had many talented．．．”可知此处talented修饰“运动员player”，many后接复数形式。故填players。
47．herself
【解析】
【详解】句意：——你知道凯特今天看起来很开心吗？——对。是凯特自己告诉我的。根据“It was Kate ．．． wh tld me．”可知，此处放在名词后表强调，应该用反身代词，“she”的反身代词为“herself”，意为“她自己”，故填herself。
48．chsen
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国选择了不同于西方模式的自己的制度，这被证明是更适合的。chse是动词，根据“has”可知，此处应使用动词过去分词，构成现在完成时。故填chsen。
49．carelessly
【解析】
【详解】句意：我不小心把钥匙忘在桌子上了，现在哪儿也找不到了。根据“nw I can’t find them anywhere．”可知找不到钥匙了，所以是不小心，空格处缺少副词，应用care的副词carelessly“不小心地”。故填carelessly。
50．t explre
【解析】
【详解】句意：如果你想了解更多关于南京的信息，最好的探索方式是步行或骑自行车。explre“探索”，动词，此处作“way”的后置定语，应使用不定式形式。故填t explre。
51．small eyes and ears 52．in the wild 53．n the grund 54．grw ld 55．attack peple
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了大猩猩的生活习性，呼吁人们应该保护濒危动物，
【51题详解】
句意：它们有大脑袋、小眼睛和小耳朵。根据“Muntain grillas are very big and strng． They have large heads and．．．”可知，此处是在介绍大猩猩的外表，所以small eyes and ears“小眼睛和小耳朵”符合语境。故填small eyes and ears。
【52题详解】
句意：它们在野外可以活40年。根据“They can live up t 40 years”可知，此处指大猩猩在野外可以活四十多年。in the wild“在野外”符合语境。故填in the wild。
【53题详解】
句意：它们每晚都会在树上或地上筑巢。根据“They build new nests each night in trees r．．．”可知，此处再说大猩猩筑巢地方，所以n the grund“在地上”符合语境。故填n the grund。
【54题详解】
句意：它们被称为“银背”，因为当它们变老时，头发的颜色会变成银色和灰色。根据“because the clur f their hair changes t silver and grey when they．．．”可知，此处指当它们变老时，头发的颜色会变成银色和灰色。grw ld“变老”符合语境，句子时态为一般现在是，主语为复数，动词使用原形。故填grw ld。
【55题详解】
句意：他们几乎从不攻击人。根据“But muntain grillas are usually very gentle and shy．”可知，山地大猩猩通常温柔又害羞，此处指他们几乎从不攻击人。attack peple“攻击人”符合语境，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，动词使用原形。故填attack peple。
五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
56．member 57．backgrund##experiences 58．early 59．further 60．cntributin
61．designer 62．bth 63．intrduced 64．supprt 65．imprtance##value
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了工程师茅以升的生平故事。
【56题详解】
根据“He jined the Cmmunist Party f China in Octber 1987．”可知1987年茅以升成为了一名共产党，即共产党中的一员，member“成员”。故填member。
【57题详解】
文章第二段介绍了茅以升从出生到1920年的教育经历，也可以说是教育背景，backgrund“背景”，experiences“经历”。故填backgrund/experiences。
【58题详解】
根据“In Nanjing, the yung Ma received a mdern educatin ”可知在茅以升年轻的时候受到了现代教育，at an early age“在早年，在小的时候”。故填eraly。
【59题详解】
根据第二段的后半部分可知茅以升在唐山工程学院毕业后出国深造了，futher educatin“深造”。故填further。
【60题详解】
根据“His dissertatin (博士论文) cntributed greatly t bridge thery in the 1920s．”可知茅以升的博士论文对桥梁理论的发展做出了巨大贡献，cntributin“贡献”。故填cntributin。
【61题详解】
根据“Mrever, Dr． Ma als led the design f the Great Hall f the Peple in Beijing． ”可知茅以升是现代桥梁和大会堂的首席设计师，chief designer“首席设计师”。故填designer。
【62题详解】
根据“He became an academician (院士) f Chinese Academy f Sciences in 1955, and the first Chinese scientist t be awarded the title f a freign academician f the United States Natinal Academy f Engineering in 1982．”可知茅以升既是Chinese Academy f Sciences的院士，也是United States Natinal Academy f Engineering的院士，bth“两者都”。故填bth。
【63题详解】
根据“He greatly influenced Chinese engineering educatin by intrducing new teaching methds．”可知茅以升介绍了新的教学理论，intrduce“介绍”，时态是一般过去时。故填intrduced。
【64题详解】
根据“He publicly supprted ppular science educatin, and wrte a large number f science articles．”可知他写了很多文章支持科普教育，supprt“支持”。故填 suppprt。
【65题详解】
根据“Ma Yisheng played an imprtant rle in Chinese structural engineering． ”可知茅以升对于中国结构工程学很重要，有很高的价值，imprtance“重要性”，value“价值”。故填imprtance/value。
66．(b)ad 67．(i)nterested 68．(w)ithut 69．(a)ttentin 70．(s)tudying
71．(m)ind 72．(b)etween 73．(b)ecause 74．(r)educes 75．(m)ethds
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了增强记忆力的几种方法。
【66题详解】
句意：一个好的记忆力经常被看作一件自然而来的事情，并且一个差的记忆力被看作是一个不能改变的事情。根据“memry as smething that cannt be changed, but actually there are plenty f things that yu can d t imprve yur memry．”可知是差的记忆力不能改变，故填(b)ad。
【67题详解】
句意：我们都记得我们感兴趣的事情，并忘记了那些让我们感觉无聊的事情。be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填(i)nterested。
【68题详解】
句意：这毫无疑问地解释了为什么学校的男孩子毫无困难的记得足球比赛的成绩。但是却要努力的记住他们历史课上的日期。根据“but make a very great effrt t remember dates frm their histry lessns!”可知前后转折，后面说难以记住历史日期，说明前面记住比赛结果是容易的，withut difficultly“没有困难”。故填(w)ithut。
【69题详解】
句意：对你想要记住的东西提高兴趣，并且密切去注意。pay attentin“注意”。故填(a)ttentin。
【70题详解】
句意：你可以通过组织你学习的材料使用这个。根据“Yu can use this by rganizing the materials yu are s．．．”可知“yu are s．．．”是定语，修饰“materials”，下文出现“textbk”，可知此处指的是学习的材料，故填(s)tudying。
【71题详解】
句意：确保事情在你的大脑里是清晰的。根据“If nt, ask questins until yu understand!”可知此处指要弄清楚学习的内容，确保这些内容在大脑里是清晰的。故填(m)ind。
【72题详解】
句意：并且当你在学习新的材料时，抓紧时间去思考目前的信息与你已经知道的信息之间的关系。根据“the relatinship b．．．the present infrmatin and what yu’ve already knwn．”可知此处指两者之间的关系，the relatinship between．．．and．．．。故填(b)etween。
【73题详解】
句意：体能锻炼对你的记忆力也很重要。因为他提高你的心率并且输送氧气给你的大脑，这能使你的记忆力更好的工作。空处在解释为什么锻炼对记忆很重要。解释原因用because引导。故填(b)ecause。
【74题详解】
句意：锻炼也可以减少压力。压力对于记忆力有坏处。根据“Exercise als r．．．stress”可知锻炼减少压力，reduce“减少”，动词，主语是单数，谓语用三单。故填(r)educes。
【75题详解】
句意：所以下次你再学习新的信息时，你可以使用以上的方法。上文讲的是提高记忆力的方法，methd“方法”，表示多个方法，应是复数形式。故填(m)ethds。
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76．Pssible versin 1:
Dear Mr． Wang,
I am Li Ming, frm Grade Nine． I want t tell yu smething abut ur study．
First f all, prper exercises help us check what we have learned． Since we have seven subjects, we have t spend mre than three hurs finishing ur hmewrk． Wuld yu make teachers reduce hmewrk? Besides, mst f us find lessns bring． Althugh exercises and exams help us understand the key pints, they take up t much time． Dear headmaster, yu can’t imagine hw bring ur schl life is． I think teachers shuld imprve their teaching methds．
I hpe these prblems can be dealt with sn．
Yurs faithfully,
Li Ming
Pssible versin 2:
Dear Mr． Wang,
I am Li Ming, frm Grade Nine． I want t say smething abut ur Students’ Canteen．
First, I am unhappy with the lunch fd． Smetimes it is nt delicius． Hwever, I have t eat it． Mre kinds f dishes shuld be prvided． Mrever, the canteen is t small t hld s many students． Why nt build a larger ne? Finally, the envirnment at the canteen is nt satisfying． The tables and chairs are smetimes dirty． I think the canteen wrkers shuld d the cleaning mre carefully．
If the prblems can be slved, students will have a happier time n campus．
Yurs faithfully,
Li Ming
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意围绕王校长帖子中的问题进行写作。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开门见山，交代写作目的；
第二步，阐述学生学习或学校食堂的问题并给出建议；
第三步，表达自己的期望，希望这些问题能够成功解决。
[亮点词汇]
①first f all首先
②key pints重点
③take up占据
[高分句型]
①First f all, prper exercises help us check what we have learned．（what引导的宾语从句）