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2024届广东省广州市第三中学高三下学期一模模拟考英语卷（含解析）
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这是一份2024届广东省广州市第三中学高三下学期一模模拟考英语卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
DISCOVER WEEDON ISLAND’S ANCIENT PAST
If yu are interested in archaelgy, experience hands-n archaelgy at Weedn Island Preserve, ne f Flrida’s exceptinal archaelgical sites. AWIARE ffers ne-week camp fcused n archaelgy fr kids entering Grade 1 and 5. Students will learn abut the basic archaelgy thrugh hands-n, interactive classrm prjects, utdr activities, and a visit t an archaelgical site in the Tampa Bay area.
Day 1-2 Fllwed by engaging icebreaker activities and team-building exercises, participants will attend the speeches delivered by the wrld-knwn archaelgists. Dr. Rbert Austin and Dr. Jhn Arthur will respectively give speeches abut the site and lcal histry f the Tampa Bay area. The days will cnclude with basic training n excavatin techniques and tls, setting the grundwrk fr hands-n invlvement in the archaelgical explratin ahead.
Day 3-4 Participants will explre lcal histric sites lng-cvered by plants and learn hw archaelgists survey sites using direct measurements, digital cameras, careful ntes, and hand-held GPS units. This trip will als prvide an pprtunity t learn mre abut the envirnment in which these sites were created.
Day 5-7 Participants will be invlved in assisting AWIARE researchers in excavatin, recrding data, screening sediment, and cllecting artifacts, bne, and samples. What’s mre, Yu will als help srting and prcessing artifacts frm the excavatin and ther sites in the Tampa Bay area.
Date: August 10-16, 2024
Time: 9: 00 am-5: 00 pm
Expeditin cst: $300 per participant, which includes daily lunch at the AWIARE Research Statin. Return campers receive a 20% discunt.
Registratin is nw pen fr the Hands-On Archaelgy Camps.
1．Wh can be the target audience fr the camp?
A．Students in primary schl.B．Kids interested in UK histry.
C．Turists interested in Weedn Island.D．Undergraduates majring in archaelgy.
2．What will participants prbably d n August 13, 2024?
A．Help imprve the site’s envirnment.B．Help recnstruct ancient bjects.
C．Assist prfessinal excavatins.D．Explre vegetatin-cvered lcal histric sites.
3．Hw much is the cst fr tw kids cming back this year?
A．$240B．$480.C．$600.D．$720.
A raffle ticket(抽彩奖券) t win a new 1959 Chevrlet; credit cards with n magnetic strip; family phts in black and white: All hidden behind a bathrm wall in the Plaza Theatre, untuched fr decades.
Until 65 years later, when cntractrs discvered a hidden space behind a brken wall in the bathrm during renvatins. Under a muntain f dust, in what used t be a clset, lay a faded red wallet, frzen in time.
Frm there, Plaza Theatre wner Chris Escbar said he was determined t return the wallet t the family. “It was a prtal(正门) back in time,” he said.
That wner was ne Fly Culbreth, accrding t a license inside the wallet. But Escbar ran int his first prblem—wmen were ften referred t by their husband’s name at that time, s searching Culbreth’s name yielded few results.
Escbar recruited his wife Nicle, wh he calls an “internet sleuth,” t track dwn the wner f the wallet. She was able t find Ry Culbreth’s bituary(讣告)—Fly’s husband. Thrugh tracing the Culbreth bldline, Escbar discvered Thea Chamberlain via the Culbreth Cup, a family-run charity glf event. Nw 71, Thea recalled her mther’s active cmmunity rle, including. Sunday schl teaching, garden club invlvement, and charitable wrk fr cerebral palsy.
The Culbreth family’s gathering at the Plaza Theatre in Nvember t reclaim the wallet was a tuching scene. The mment was especially significant fr Chamberlain’s yung grandchildren. As they explred the cntents, they grasped the imprtance f this family artifact, realizing they were part f a special legacy.
4．What d we knw abut the wallet?
A．It was brand new and unused.B．It cntained mdern credit cards.
C．It was fund in the theater’s lbby.D．It had a license belnging t Fly Culbreth.
5．What initial challenge did Chris Escbar encunter?
A．Wmen had n status in sciety.
B．Damaged wallet cntents were unreadable.
C．Tracing the wner was tugh due t naming nrms.
D．He culdn’t access the theater due t renvatin wrk.
6．What d the underlined wrd “sleuth” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Artist.B．Engineer.C．Histrian.D．Detective.
7．Why was the wallet particularly meaningful t Thea Chamberlain?
A．It held family histrical value.B．It was a valuable item she had lst.
C．It cntained phts f her childhd.D．It cntained an imprtant family secret.
A blind fish living within a Mexican cave system’s deep, enduring darkness still maintains sme ability t sense light. As the cave fish n lnger seem t rely n an internal daily cycle and sme sleep very little, bilgist Inca Stein-dal and her clleagues were keen t see if their bdies can still regulate cyclically thrugh time. Mst animals n Earth have an internal clck fr this the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) that uses light levels t make ur bdies fit in with ur planet’s day and night cycles. This rhythm is then used t cycle thrugh different bilgical prcesses that can influence ur behaviur, such as ur hunger cycles.
The Mexican blind cave fish live in a cmplex f ver 30 islated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted t the dark. Their bdies are extra sensitive t vibratins (震动), allwing them t sense changes in water currents fr navigatin (导航) in cmpensatin fr their limited r cmplete lack f sight. This adaptatin ccurred despite the fish frm each cave evlving frm the same species with fully functining eyes. This ancestral grup still lives in the surface waters in the El Albra regin f Mexic and sme parts f the Suthwestern US.
Steindal and her team tk tissue samples frm the blind cave fish, frm three islated caves, and their surface relatives and tested the cells in different cnditins. They detected the activatin f several mlecular (分子的) clck mechanisms when the cells were expsed t light, even in the cave fish cells. “Nn-visual light detectin is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain,althugh the cave fish cells did nt respnd as strngly as thse cells frm surface fish. While there were sme similarities between the fish frm the different caves cmpared t their surface relatives, there were als differences that cnfirm their bilgical clck changes each evlved independently f ne anther via different mlecular mechanisms.
“We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her clleagues cnclude. The team hpes these can help us learn mre abut the circadian rhythm and prvide an easier way t study animal adaptatins t dark envirnments.
8．As t the cave fish, what did Steindal and her fellws try t find ut?
A．If they have a circadian rhythm.B．If they rely n an internal daily cycle.
C．If they need t sleep.D．If they are able t sense light.
9．What is the main idea f Paragraph 2?
A．The Mexican cave fish’s ancestrs had nrmal visin.
B．The Mexican cave fish’s hme is in the dark deep sea.
C．The Mexican cave fish have adapted t darkness.
D．The Mexican cave fish have truble navigating.
10．Which f the fllwing can supprt the cnclusin f the study?
A．Cave fish’s unique mlecular structures.
B．Nn-visual light detectin in cave fish cells.
C．The cave fish’s adjustment t0 mlecular clck mechanisms.
D．Bilgical clck changes evlved independently.
11．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Why D the Mexican Cave fish Live in the Darken“
B．A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.
C．Hw Can the Mexican Cave fish Fit in with the Day Cycles?
D．The Bilgical Clcks f the Life in the Sen Are Cnstantly Changing.
The idea that the standard human bdy temperature is abut 98.6℉ (37℃) was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s becme s widely accepted that it serves as a tuchstne fr health—a diagnstic tl used by physicians and parents as a basic indicatr if smene is sick r well.
Hwever, it turns ut that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, crrect—r, t put it mre accurately, human beings have been getting cler ver the years.
Recent studies have shwn that temperature recrds f grups f peple have tended t run lw cmpared t the accepted nrm (标准), s the Stanfrd team, led by Julie Parsnnet, MD, prfessr f medicine and f health research and plicy, decided t d a mre in-depth study t cmpare mdern measurements with histrical recrds t try t identify bdy temperature trends and, perhaps, uncver the reasn why this cling is happening.
Fr their research, the Stanfrd team lked at three distinct datasets (数据集) frm three histrical perids. One was military service recrds, medical recrds, and pensin recrds frm Unin Army veterans f the American Civil War that were cmpiled frm 1862 t 1930. The secnd was frm the US Natinal Health and Nutritin Examinatin Survey Ⅰ cllected between 1971 and 1975, and the third frm adult patients visiting Stanfrd Health Care frm 2007 t 2017.
In all, the team went thrugh 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recrded were accurate rather than the result f prly designed thermmeters (温度计). They did this by lking at the change in temperature inside each grup ver time t ensure that the curves (曲线) shwing a decrease were cnsistent between the datasets.
At the end f the day, the team fund that men brn in the 21st century had an average bdy temperature f 0.59℃ lwer than thse brn in the early 19th century, while mdern wmen shwed an average decrease f 0.32℃ cmpared t thse brn in the 1890s. Tgether, this means that human bdy temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade.
12．What is Wunderlich’s achievement?
A．He was the inventr f the thermmeter.
B．He set up a standard fr nrmal bdy temperature.
C．He discvered humans’ bdy temperature trends.
D．He put frward the thery f nrmal human bdy temperature.
13．Hw did the Stanfrd team get their findings n bdy temperature?
A．By having interviews.B．By cnducting field research.
C．By analyzing histrical recrds.D．By ding experiments in the lab.
14．What culd affect the accuracy f Parsnnet’s study accrding t the text?
A．The quality f thermmeters.B．The backgrunds f the subjects.
C．The srting f the cllected datasets.D．The number f adult patients invlved.
15．What can we cnclude frm the last paragraph?
A．Mdern wmen’s bdy temperatures have risen ver the past century.
B．The 19th century saw the greatest increase in men’s bdy temperatures.
C．The 21st century saw the greatest decrease in men’s bdy temperatures.
D．Men’s bdy temperatures have fallen faster than wmen’s ver the years.
Pursue Yur Dreams Tday, Nt Tmrrw
Have yu caught yurself daydreaming abut yur dreams? We ften pstpne ur dreams, trapped in a cycle f delay. But why wait? 16 Yu dn’t have t take a huge, life-changing step. Yu can take minute steps tward a brighter future. And start right nw.
17 If yu never try, yu’re ging t be weighed dwn by yur regrets. Yu’re always ging t wnder hw yur life wuld’ve turned ut if yu actually tk a chance n yurself. Dn’t let yur future self be disappinted by yur present self.
It desn’t matter hw ld yu are r hw many peple have warned yu that yu’re never ging t succeed. Even the mst successful peple have had their hesitatins abut whether they had what it tk t make it in their field. 18 Embrace a mindset f determinatin, knwing that success is within yur reach.
At the end f the day, yu need t carve ut a path fr yurself that will lead t the mst satisfactin. If yu allw yur fear t get the best f yu, yu’re never ging t frgive yurself. 19 . It’s what yu wuld encurage yur friends t d, s why aren’t yu giving yurself that same push?
Smetimes, fllwing yur passin means spending a lt f yur time each day. It may require making slight adjustments t yur schedule, but yu dn’t have t sacrifice everything t fllw yur hearts. Try t strike a balance between yur current life and yur dreams. 20
Pursue yur dreams nw, even thugh that means yu might need t break ut f yur cmfrt zne, and even thugh it means entering the unknwn.
A．Ask yurself what wuld be wrse.
B．Starting small is cmpletely acceptable.
C．Yu we it t yurself t g after yur dreams.
D．New pprtunities may lead t persnal grwth.
E．If things g well, yu can gradually make further shifts.
F．Yu need t mve past yur insecurities and explre yur full ptential.
G．Hard as it is, it’s crucial t wave ff the dubts in the back f yur mind.
二、完形填空
I had nt visited Etn fr many years. When ne day passing frm the Fellws’ Library int the Gallery, I caught sight f the 21 f my schl friend Digby Dlben hanging just withut the dr amng ur mst 22 cntempraries. I was 23 arrested and as I std gazing n it, my 24 asked me if I knew wh it was. I was thinking that I must be almst the nly persn wh wuld knw him. Far 25 f my byhd were crwding 26 upn me: he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth.
This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 27 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there. 28 , hw came Dlben there? It was 29 he was a pet; and yet his pems were nt knwn. They were carefully 30 by his family and a few friends. Indeed, such f his pems as culd have cme t the eyes f the authrities wh apprved f this memrial wuld nt 31 it. There was anther 32 — the prtrait bears its wn certificatin. Thugh yu might nt perhaps understand the pet in it, yu can see the sul immersed in deep thught, the habit f stainless (无瑕的) life, f 33 , f enthusiasm fr high ideals. Such a being must have 34 remarkably amng his fellws. When his early death endeared (使价值更高) his memry, lving grief wuld generusly 35 him the glry which he had never wrn.
21．A．statueB．characterC．prtraitD．theme
22．A．valuableB．distinguishedC．familiarD．gracius
23．A．whllyB．partlyC．curiuslyD．secretly
24．A．peersB．chairmanC．leaderD．cmpanin
25．A．judgmentB．thughtC．memriesD．behaviur
26．A．hurriedlyB．freshlyC．anxiuslyD．eagerly
27．A．selectiveB．splendidC．handsmeD．challenging
28．A．YetB．TherefreC．ThusD．Hwever
29．A．becauseB．whyC．thatD．what
30．A．bservedB．capturedC．illustratedD．guarded
31．A．perateB．prmteC．justifyD．permit
32．A．appreciatinB．reasnC．causeD．effect
33．A．devtinB．ambitinC．imaginatinD．symbl
34．A．brught abutB．std frC．std utD．brught in
35．A．interpretB．grantC．appintD．identify
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Meat, milk, cheese—just sme f the things prvided by gats. But nw we can als add fire safety t this list. Wildfires 36 (make) pssible by ht, dry weather cnditins as well as a supply f dead vegetatin that serves as fuel. We may have limited cntrl ver the first factr, 37 we can cntrl the secnd. Reducing the fuel lad lwers the prbability f wildfires ccurring, as well as the amunt f damage 38 (cause). This is where we can turn t gats t prvide a 39 (slve). Gats have a very digestive system. Much vegetatin that are txic (有毒的) t ther animals can be eaten by gats. It’s nt just fully-grwn plants 40 gats are able t deal with: any seeds that pass thrugh ag at will nt grw. Human clearance teams wrry abut 41 (send) t hard-t-reach vegetatin patches (土地) gats dn’t. They are 42 (skill) muntain climbers and when standing n their legs, can reach up t tw meters t eat shrubs and grass that humans wuld struggle 43 (reach). Because f this, using gats can reduce bth wrkplace accidents and the amunt f mney spent 44 fire prtectin measures. Gatherd shave been fund t clear sme patches f land fr 45 third f the price f human vegetatin cntrl teams.
四、书信写作
46．学校新建图书馆前的空地即将绿化，现征求学生的建议。假如你是李华，请给校英语报Clrful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，内容包括：
1.绿化布局；
2.设计理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Martin,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last summer, Hilda wrked as a vlunteer with dlphin trainers at a sea life park. Her jb was t make sure the tanks were free f any items s that the trainers culd train the dlphins t fetch specific items. Hwever, ne day after cleaning, ne f the dlphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper frm the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda fr her carelessness. Upset but nt discuraged by this event, Hilda decided t d sme spying n Maya.
The next mrning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put n her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped int the tank fr her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nthing in the tank, she climbed ut f the water just in time t see Katherine jumping in n the ther side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was ding. She watched as Katherine perfrmed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn’t surprised when she surfaced empty-handed.
During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but nw the dlphin stpped suddenly and swam t the back part f the tank where the filter (过滤) bx was lcated. She stuck her nse dwn behind the bx and then swam away. What was Maya ding back there? Hilda wndered. She jumped back int the water and swam ver t take a lk behind the bx, and her questin was answered. Hilda then swam acrss the tank fllwing Maya’s path and emerged frm the water t find Katherine remving her scuba gear. As Katherine turned arund, her muth drpped pen. There was Maya at the edge f the tank with a cmb (梳子) in her muth waiting fr her treat.
“Maya! Where did yu get that?” demanded Katherine, taking the cmb and thrwing her a fish. “I knw where she gt it,” declared Hilda climbing ut f the tank with a handful f items still wet frm their watery, resting place. “What’s all this?” Katherine asked, bviusly cnfused.
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150个左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nw Katherine realized what had been ging n.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A 2．D 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个考古夏令营活动的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“AWIARE ffers ne-week camp fcused n archaelgy fr kids entering Grade 1 and 5.(AWIARE为一年级和五年级的孩子提供为期一周的考古夏令营)”可知，小学生可以成为夏令营的目标受众。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Day 3-4 Participants will explre lcal histric sites lng-cvered by plants and learn hw archaelgists survey sites using direct measurements, digital cameras, careful ntes, and hand-held GPS units.(第3-4天，参与者将探索长期被植物覆盖的当地历史遗迹，并学习考古学家如何使用直接测量、数码相机、仔细笔记和手持GPS装置来调查遗址)”以及“Date: August 10-16, 2024(日期：2024年8月10到16日)”可知，2024年8月13日参与者可能会探索植被覆盖的当地历史遗迹。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Expeditin cst: $300 per participant, which includes daily lunch at the AWIARE Research Statin. Return campers receive a 20% discunt.(考察费用：每位参与者300美元，其中包括在AWIARE研究站的每日午餐。返程露营者可享受八折优惠)”可知，两个孩子今年回来要花（300+300）×80%=480美元。故选B。
4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了广场剧院的老板克里斯·埃斯科瓦尔和他的妻子费尽周折把一个65年前的钱包归还给原主人的家族亲人的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第四段“That wner was ne Fly Culbreth, accrding t a license inside the wallet.”（钱包里的执照显示，店主名叫弗洛伊·卡尔布雷斯。）可知，钱包里有一张属于弗洛伊·卡尔布雷斯的执照。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“But Escbar ran int his first prblem—wmen were ften referred t by their husband’s name at that time, s searching Culbreth’s name yielded few results.”（但埃斯科瓦尔遇到了他的第一个问题——在那个时候，女人通常被称为丈夫的名字，所以搜索卡尔布雷斯的名字几乎没有结果。）可知，克里斯·埃斯科瓦尔最初遇到的挑战是由于命名规范的原因，追踪主人很困难。故选C项。
6．词义猜测题。根据第五段划线单词后“t track dwn the wner f the wallet”（来追踪钱包的主人）可知，他的妻子妮可帮助追踪钱包的主人，推断出她是一名侦探，选项D“侦探”和sleuth意思一致，符合题意。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The mment was especially significant fr Chamberlain’s yung grandchildren. As they explred the cntents, they grasped the imprtance f this family artifact, realizing they were part f a special legacy.”（这一刻对张伯伦年幼的孙辈来说意义非凡。当他们探索里面的东西时，他们意识到这个家庭文物的重要性，意识到它们是一个特殊遗产的一部分。）可知，这个钱包对西娅·张伯伦特别有意义的原因是它具有家族历史价值。故选A项。
8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了墨西哥盲洞鱼在深层洞穴中的生存情况，以及它们对光的感知能力。研究人员通过实验发现，尽管盲洞鱼无法看见，但它们的细胞仍然可以感知光线，并在一定程度上调节其生物钟。这表明即使在黑暗环境下，生物的生物钟仍然可以通过不同的分子机制进行调节。
8．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As the cave fish n lnger seem t rely n an internal daily cycle and sme sleep very little, bilgist Inca Stein-dal and her clleagues were keen t see if their bdies can still regulate cyclically thrugh time. Mst animals n Earth have an internal clck fr this the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) that uses light levels t make ur bdies fit in with ur planet’s day and night cycles.(由于洞穴鱼似乎不再依赖于体内的日常循环，有些睡眠很少，生物学家印加·斯坦达尔和她的同事们渴望了解它们的身体是否仍然可以随着时间的推移进行周期性调节。地球上的大多数动物都有一个生物钟，昼夜节律利用光线水平使我们的身体适应地球的昼夜循环)”可知，斯坦达尔和她的同事们想要找出洞穴鱼是否可以随着时间的推移进行周期性调节，即是否有昼夜节律。故选A项。
9．
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The Mexican blind cave fish live in a cmplex f ver 30 islated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted t the dark. Their bdies are extra sensitive t vibratins (震动), allwing them t sense changes in water currents fr navigatin (导航) in cmpensatin fr their limited r cmplete lack f sight. This adaptatin ccurred despite the fish frm each cave evlving frm the same species with fully functining eyes.(墨西哥盲洞鱼生活在一个由30多个孤立的洞穴组成的复杂环境中，每个洞穴都能独立地适应黑暗。它们的身体对振动特别敏感，这使它们能够感知水流的变化，以便导航，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力。尽管来自每个洞穴的鱼都是从具有完全功能的眼睛的同一物种进化而来的，但这种适应还是发生了)”可知，第二段主要介绍了墨西哥盲洞鱼身体对振动特别敏感，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力，主要说明了它们已经适应了黑暗。故选C项。
10．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her clleagues cnclude.(斯坦达尔和她的同事总结道：“我们已经提供了证据，证明尽管失明，但墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光，并使它们的生物钟适应光/暗周期。”)可知，研究的结论是墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光。根据倒数第二段中“They detected the activatin f several mlecular (分子的) clck mechanisms when the cells were expsed t light, even in the cave fish cells. “Nn-visual light detectin is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain, althugh the cave fish cells did nt respnd as strngly as thse cells frm surface fish.(他们发现，当细胞暴露在光线下时，几个分子时钟机制被激活，即使在盲洞鱼细胞中也是如此。研究人员解释说，尽管盲洞鱼的细胞不像水面鱼的细胞那样强烈，“非视觉光检测维持在基本的细胞水平上，”)”可知，盲洞鱼细胞的非视觉光探测维持在基本的细胞水平上，说明它的时钟机制会被激活，证明盲洞鱼也可以探测到光。所以，盲洞鱼细胞的非视觉光探测能支持该研究的结论。故选B项。
11．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中““We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her clleagues cnclude.(一条生活在墨西哥洞穴系统的深处、持久的黑暗中的盲洞鱼仍然保持着一些感知光线的能力)”和最后一段中“We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle (我们已经提供了证据，证明尽管失明，但墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光，并使它们的生物钟适应光/暗周期)”可知，本文介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，尽管盲洞鱼无法看见，但它们的细胞仍然可以感知光线，所以“A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.(盲洞鱼仍能感知光)”是研究的结论，也是文章最佳标题。故选B项。
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科研人员经过研究发现，自19世纪以来，人类的平均体温在持续下降，人类每十年时间平均体温就会下降0.03℃。传统意义上的37℃的标准体温已经不适用于所有人。
12．
细节理解题。根据第一段“The idea that the standard human bdy temperature is abut 98.6℉（37℃）was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s becme s widely accepted that it serves as a tuchstne fr health—a diagnstic tl used by physicians and parents as a basic indicatr if smene is sick r well. (1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich首先提出了人体标准温度约为华氏98.6度(37℃)的观点。从那时起，它被广泛接受，成为健康的试金石——医生和家长使用的诊断工具，作为一个人生病或健康的基本指标。)”可知，Wunderlich确立了现代人类健康体温的标准为37摄氏度。故选B。
13．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Fr their research, the Stanfrd team lked at three distinct datasets (数据集) frm three histrical perids. (在他们的研究中，斯坦福大学的研究小组研究了来自三个历史时期的三个不同的数据集。)”可知，这个研究小组主要是靠搜集并分析过去三个历史时期的群体体温数据集来进行相关研究的。故选C。
14．
推理判断题。根据第五段“In all, the team went thrugh 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recrded were accurate rather than the result f prly designed thermmeters (温度计). (该团队总共进行了677,423次温度测量，以确保记录的温度是准确的，而不是设计不良的温度计的结果。)”可知，体温监测时所使用的体温计的质量可能会影响到团队的研究结果。故选A。
15．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“At the end f the day, the team fund that men brn in the 21st century had an average bdy temperature f 0.59℃ lwer than thse brn in the early 19th century, while mdern wmen shwed an average decrease f 0.32℃ cmpared t thse brn in the 1890s. Tgether, this means that human bdy temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade. (最后，研究小组发现，21世纪出生的男性的平均体温比19世纪初出生的男性低0.59℃，而现代女性的平均体温比19世纪90年代出生的女性低0.32℃。加起来，这意味着人类体温每十年下降0.03℃。)”可知，研究表明，在过去的一个多世纪中，男子体温降低要比女子的体温降低幅度大。故选D。
16．B 17．C 18．G 19．F 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何追求自己的梦想提出了一些建议。
16．根据后文“Yu dn’t have t take a huge, life-changing step. Yu can take minute steps tward a brighter future. And start right nw.(你不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步。你可以一步一步走向更光明的未来。现在就开始)”可知，后文提到了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，可知本句是在建议从小的地方开始。故B选项“从小处开始是完全可以接受的”符合语境，故选B。
17．根据本段内容“If yu never try, yu’re ging t be weighed dwn by yur regrets. Yu’re always ging t wnder hw yur life wuld’ve turned ut if yu actually tk a chance n yurself. Dn’t let yur future self be disappinted by yur present self.(如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。你总是想知道，如果你真的给自己一个机会，你的生活会变成什么样子。不要让未来的自己被现在的自己失望)”可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。故C选项“你应该为自己去追求你的梦想”符合语境，故选C。
18．根据后文“Embrace a mindset f determinatin, knwing that success is within yur reach.(拥有一种坚定的心态，知道成功是触手可及的)”可知，后文提到要拥有坚定的心态，可知要拜托怀疑的心态。故G选项“尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的”符合语境，故选G。
19．根据上文“At the end f the day, yu need t carve ut a path fr yurself that will lead t the mst satisfactin. If yu allw yur fear t get the best f yu, yu’re never ging t frgive yurself.(在一天结束的时候，你需要为自己开辟一条通往最大满足感的道路。如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，你永远不会原谅自己)”可知，上文提到不要让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，即建议要克服恐惧和不安全感，来发掘潜力。故F选项“你需要克服你的不安全感，发掘你的全部潜力”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据上文“Smetimes, fllwing yur passin means spending a lt f yur time each day. It may require making slight adjustments t yur schedule, but yu dn't have t sacrifice everything t fllw yur hearts. Try t strike a balance between yur current life and yur dreams.(有时候，追随你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。这可能需要对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己的内心而牺牲一切。试着在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡)”可知，上文提到了在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的结果。故E选项“如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变”符合语境，故选E。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者回到多年未到访的伊顿学校，偶然经过图书馆进入画廊时，看到了他的校友迪格比·多尔本的肖像挂在门外，和同时代最杰出的人在一起，这让作者感到困惑。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. statue雕像；B. character角色；C. prtrait肖像；D. theme主题。根据下文“hanging”和“This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 7 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there.”可知，作者看到的是同学的肖像挂在画廊墙上。故选C项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. valuable有价值的；B. distinguished杰出的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. gracius优雅的。结合常识和下文“This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 7 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there.”可知，伊顿学校肖像画廊挂的都是杰出的人士的肖像。故选B项。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. whlly完全地；B. partly部分地；C. curiusly好奇地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“I std gazing n it”可知，作者完全被其吸引并驻足凝视。故选A项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. peers同龄人；B. chairman主席；C. leader领导者；D. cmpanin同伴。根据下文“asked me if I knew wh it was”可知，是同行的其他同伴问作者。故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. judgment判断；B. thught思想；C. memries回忆，记忆；D. behaviur行为。根据下文“my byhd were crwding 6 upn me: he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth.”可知，作者回想起往事，记忆涌上心头。故选C项。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. freshly新鲜地；C. anxiusly焦虑地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文“he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth”可知，作者对当年的格比·多尔本记忆犹新。故选B项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个伊顿公学老校友的肖像画廊是非常挑剔的：杰出的出身或优秀的品质可能为你赢得一席之地。A. selective严格筛选的；B. splendid壮丽的；C. handsme英俊的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据下文“utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there”可知，只有具有杰出的出身或优秀的品质的人的肖像才能进入肖像画廊，所以肖像画廊是严格筛选的，非常挑剔。故选A项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多尔本怎么会出现在这里呢? A. Yet然而；B. Therefre因此；C. Thus因此；D. Hwever然而。根据下文“hw came Dlben there?”可知，作者对多尔本的肖像挂在这里有疑问，上下文有转折关系。故选D项。
29．考查连词词义辨析。句意：那是因为他是个诗人；然而他的诗却不为人所知。A. because因为；B. why为什么；C. that那个；D. what什么。上文“hw came Dlben there?”提出疑问，“he was a pet”下文解释原因，用because引导表语从句，表示原因。故选A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被他的家人和几个朋友小心地守护着。A. bserved观察；B. captured捕捉；C. illustrated说明；D. guarded守护。根据上文“and yet his pems were nt knwn”可知，知道多尔本的诗的人并不多，所以只有他的家人和几个为数不多的朋友守护着他的诗歌。故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，即使他的诗能够进入那些批准这个纪念的权威人士的眼睛，这也不能成为正当理由。A. perate操作；B. prmte促进；C. justify是……的正当理由；D. permit允许。根据上文“and yet his pems were nt knwn. They were carefully 10 by his family and a few friends.”可知，多尔本的诗受众很少，不能成为他的肖像被挂在肖像画廊的正当理由。故选C项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一个原因——这幅画像有自己的证明。A. appreciatin欣赏；B. reasn原因；C. cause起因，理由；D. effect效果。根据下文“the prtrait bears its wn certificatin”可知，这是另一个原因。故选B项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然你可能不理解其中的诗人，但你可以看到沉浸在深刻思考中的灵魂，纯洁生活的习惯，奉献精神，对崇高理想的热情。A. devtin奉献；B. ambitin抱负；C. imaginatin想象力；D. symbl象征。根据句中“the sul immersed in deep thught”和“enthusiasm fr high ideals”可推知，多尔本追求崇高理想，有奉献精神。故选A项。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样一个人在他的同伴中一定很突出。A. brught abut导致；B. std fr代表；C. std ut突出；D. brught in引进。根据上文“yu can see the sul immersed in deep thught, the habit f stainless (无瑕的) life, f 13 , f enthusiasm fr high ideals.”可推知，多尔本是一个在人群中突颖而出的人。故选C项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的英年早逝使对他怀念价值更高，充满爱心的悲痛慷慨地给予他从未享有过的荣耀。A. interpret解释；B. grant授予，给予；C. appint任命；D. identify识别。根据“the glry”可知，给予荣耀。故选B项。
36．are made 37．but 38．caused 39．slutin 40．that 41．being sent 42．skilled/skilful/skillful 43．t reach 44．n 45．a/ne
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是有些国家和地区正在用一种不同寻常的方法来消防减灾——山羊消防队。
36．
考查时态和语态。句意：炎热干燥的天气条件以及作为燃料的死亡植被的供应使野火成为可能。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据句中serves可知，句子使用一般现在时，make与句子主语Wildfires之间为被动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填are made。
37．
考查连词。句意：我们可能无法控制第一个因素，但我们可以控制第二个因素。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前后为转折关系，所以此处使用but。故填but。
38．
考查非谓语动词。句意：减少燃料负荷降低了发生野火的可能性，也降低了造成的损失。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词damage，cause与被修饰词之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式caused。故填caused。
39．
考查名词。句意：这就是我们可以求助于山羊来提供解决方案的地方。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，slve的名词为slutin意为“解决方案”，且语空前有不定冠词，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填slutin。
40．
考查强调句型。句意：山羊能处理的不仅仅是成熟的植物:任何经过的种子都不会生长。分析句子结构可知，此处应为强调句型“it be +被强调部分+that/wh…”，强调的是deal with的宾语，所以此处使用that。故填that。
41．
考查非谓语动词。句意：人类清理队担心被送到难以到达的植被地带，而山羊则不担心。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，介词abut后应为动名词形式，且send与逻辑主语Human clearance teams之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动名词的被动形式。故填being sent。
42．
考查形容词。句意：它们是熟练的登山者，当它们用腿站立时，可以到达两米高的地方，吃人类难以到达的灌木和草。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词muntain climbers，skill的形容词为skilled、skilful和skillful均可，意为“熟练的”符合句意。故填skilled/skilful/skillful。
43．
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是熟练的登山者，当它们用腿站立时，可以到达两米高的地方，吃人类难以到达的灌木和草。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，根据struggle t d sth.意为“努力做某事，挣扎做某事”符合句意，所以此处使用动词不定式形式，且表示主动意义。故填t reach。
44．
考查介词。句意：正因为如此，使用山羊可以减少工作场所的事故和花费在消防措施上的钱。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语“spend mney n sth.”意为“花钱在某事上”符合句意，所以此处使用介词n。故填n。
45．
考查冠词/数词。句意：人们发现，牧羊人清理一些土地的费用是人类植被控制小组费用的三分之一。分析句子结构可知，此处应为分数表达法，此处应为基数词，表示数量“一”，所以此处使用冠词a或者基数词ne。故填a/ne。
46．One pssible versin:
Dear Martin,
Hearing ur schl is t green the empty space in frnt f the new library, I wuld like t share my suggestins.
Clrful flwers can be planted in the east part where students will enjy the beauty f nature. Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin prviding students with a place t study and relax. Besides, the central part can be cvered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture f ur schl.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my pinin. I hpe ur schl will becme mre beautiful.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英语报Clrful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，对于学校新建图书馆前的空地如何进行绿化提出建议。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→advice
为某人提供某物：prvide sb with sth→ffer sb sth
此外：besides→what’s mre
看法：pinin→idea
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin prviding students with a place t study and relax.
拓展句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin which can prvide students with a place t study and relax.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Clrful flwers can be planted in the east part where students will enjy the beauty f nature.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, the central part can be cvered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture f ur schl.（运用了with的复合结构）
47．
“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.The truth f the matter, Hilda cntinued, is that Maya has been secretly cllecting items frm the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back f the tank. When yu train her, she will give yu sme items s that she can get treats frm yu. “Really? Hw d yu knw that?” Catherine asked in surprise. Hilda laughed and replied, “It tk me a lng time t discver this secret, t. It’s nt easy t fllw Maya.”
Nw Katherine realized what had been ging n. Catherine thught t herself, this is really a clever dlphin. And she said t Hilda, “Well, Maya lves treats, s we’ll wrk tgether, and yu’ll secretly help her cllect a few things and put them in the filter at the back f the tank. I’ll give her treats, the number f which I can increase.” Hilda replied, “Gd idea, let’s d it.” Frm then n, the Sea Life Park is full f warmth and harmny. Maya’s perfrmance in frnt f the audience is getting better and better.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了希尔达在一家海洋生物公园与海豚训练员凯瑟琳一起做志愿者，以及她们和海豚玛雅之间的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘这是玛雅的秘密，’希尔达笑着说。”可知，第一段可描写玛雅的秘密是什么。
②由第二段首句内容“现在凯瑟琳意识到发生了什么事。”可知，第二段可描写凯瑟琳的对这件事的反应以及事情的结果。
2.续写线索：训练海豚——发现秘密——分析秘密——互相协商——共同配合——良好结果
3.词汇激活
行为类
①秘密地：secretly/in private
②收集：cllect/gather
③隐藏：hid/cnceal
情绪类
①惊讶地：in surprise/in amazement
②笑：laugh/smile
【点睛】【高分句型1】The truth f the matter, Hilda cntinued, is that Maya has been secretly cllecting items frm the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back f the tank. (运用了that引导的表语从句和现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】I’ll give her treats, the number f which I can increase. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
一、阅读理解
DISCOVER WEEDON ISLAND’S ANCIENT PAST
If yu are interested in archaelgy, experience hands-n archaelgy at Weedn Island Preserve, ne f Flrida’s exceptinal archaelgical sites. AWIARE ffers ne-week camp fcused n archaelgy fr kids entering Grade 1 and 5. Students will learn abut the basic archaelgy thrugh hands-n, interactive classrm prjects, utdr activities, and a visit t an archaelgical site in the Tampa Bay area.
Day 1-2 Fllwed by engaging icebreaker activities and team-building exercises, participants will attend the speeches delivered by the wrld-knwn archaelgists. Dr. Rbert Austin and Dr. Jhn Arthur will respectively give speeches abut the site and lcal histry f the Tampa Bay area. The days will cnclude with basic training n excavatin techniques and tls, setting the grundwrk fr hands-n invlvement in the archaelgical explratin ahead.
Day 3-4 Participants will explre lcal histric sites lng-cvered by plants and learn hw archaelgists survey sites using direct measurements, digital cameras, careful ntes, and hand-held GPS units. This trip will als prvide an pprtunity t learn mre abut the envirnment in which these sites were created.
Day 5-7 Participants will be invlved in assisting AWIARE researchers in excavatin, recrding data, screening sediment, and cllecting artifacts, bne, and samples. What’s mre, Yu will als help srting and prcessing artifacts frm the excavatin and ther sites in the Tampa Bay area.
Date: August 10-16, 2024
Time: 9: 00 am-5: 00 pm
Expeditin cst: $300 per participant, which includes daily lunch at the AWIARE Research Statin. Return campers receive a 20% discunt.
Registratin is nw pen fr the Hands-On Archaelgy Camps.
1．Wh can be the target audience fr the camp?
A．Students in primary schl.B．Kids interested in UK histry.
C．Turists interested in Weedn Island.D．Undergraduates majring in archaelgy.
2．What will participants prbably d n August 13, 2024?
A．Help imprve the site’s envirnment.B．Help recnstruct ancient bjects.
C．Assist prfessinal excavatins.D．Explre vegetatin-cvered lcal histric sites.
3．Hw much is the cst fr tw kids cming back this year?
A．$240B．$480.C．$600.D．$720.
A raffle ticket(抽彩奖券) t win a new 1959 Chevrlet; credit cards with n magnetic strip; family phts in black and white: All hidden behind a bathrm wall in the Plaza Theatre, untuched fr decades.
Until 65 years later, when cntractrs discvered a hidden space behind a brken wall in the bathrm during renvatins. Under a muntain f dust, in what used t be a clset, lay a faded red wallet, frzen in time.
Frm there, Plaza Theatre wner Chris Escbar said he was determined t return the wallet t the family. “It was a prtal(正门) back in time,” he said.
That wner was ne Fly Culbreth, accrding t a license inside the wallet. But Escbar ran int his first prblem—wmen were ften referred t by their husband’s name at that time, s searching Culbreth’s name yielded few results.
Escbar recruited his wife Nicle, wh he calls an “internet sleuth,” t track dwn the wner f the wallet. She was able t find Ry Culbreth’s bituary(讣告)—Fly’s husband. Thrugh tracing the Culbreth bldline, Escbar discvered Thea Chamberlain via the Culbreth Cup, a family-run charity glf event. Nw 71, Thea recalled her mther’s active cmmunity rle, including. Sunday schl teaching, garden club invlvement, and charitable wrk fr cerebral palsy.
The Culbreth family’s gathering at the Plaza Theatre in Nvember t reclaim the wallet was a tuching scene. The mment was especially significant fr Chamberlain’s yung grandchildren. As they explred the cntents, they grasped the imprtance f this family artifact, realizing they were part f a special legacy.
4．What d we knw abut the wallet?
A．It was brand new and unused.B．It cntained mdern credit cards.
C．It was fund in the theater’s lbby.D．It had a license belnging t Fly Culbreth.
5．What initial challenge did Chris Escbar encunter?
A．Wmen had n status in sciety.
B．Damaged wallet cntents were unreadable.
C．Tracing the wner was tugh due t naming nrms.
D．He culdn’t access the theater due t renvatin wrk.
6．What d the underlined wrd “sleuth” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Artist.B．Engineer.C．Histrian.D．Detective.
7．Why was the wallet particularly meaningful t Thea Chamberlain?
A．It held family histrical value.B．It was a valuable item she had lst.
C．It cntained phts f her childhd.D．It cntained an imprtant family secret.
A blind fish living within a Mexican cave system’s deep, enduring darkness still maintains sme ability t sense light. As the cave fish n lnger seem t rely n an internal daily cycle and sme sleep very little, bilgist Inca Stein-dal and her clleagues were keen t see if their bdies can still regulate cyclically thrugh time. Mst animals n Earth have an internal clck fr this the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) that uses light levels t make ur bdies fit in with ur planet’s day and night cycles. This rhythm is then used t cycle thrugh different bilgical prcesses that can influence ur behaviur, such as ur hunger cycles.
The Mexican blind cave fish live in a cmplex f ver 30 islated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted t the dark. Their bdies are extra sensitive t vibratins (震动), allwing them t sense changes in water currents fr navigatin (导航) in cmpensatin fr their limited r cmplete lack f sight. This adaptatin ccurred despite the fish frm each cave evlving frm the same species with fully functining eyes. This ancestral grup still lives in the surface waters in the El Albra regin f Mexic and sme parts f the Suthwestern US.
Steindal and her team tk tissue samples frm the blind cave fish, frm three islated caves, and their surface relatives and tested the cells in different cnditins. They detected the activatin f several mlecular (分子的) clck mechanisms when the cells were expsed t light, even in the cave fish cells. “Nn-visual light detectin is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain,althugh the cave fish cells did nt respnd as strngly as thse cells frm surface fish. While there were sme similarities between the fish frm the different caves cmpared t their surface relatives, there were als differences that cnfirm their bilgical clck changes each evlved independently f ne anther via different mlecular mechanisms.
“We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her clleagues cnclude. The team hpes these can help us learn mre abut the circadian rhythm and prvide an easier way t study animal adaptatins t dark envirnments.
8．As t the cave fish, what did Steindal and her fellws try t find ut?
A．If they have a circadian rhythm.B．If they rely n an internal daily cycle.
C．If they need t sleep.D．If they are able t sense light.
9．What is the main idea f Paragraph 2?
A．The Mexican cave fish’s ancestrs had nrmal visin.
B．The Mexican cave fish’s hme is in the dark deep sea.
C．The Mexican cave fish have adapted t darkness.
D．The Mexican cave fish have truble navigating.
10．Which f the fllwing can supprt the cnclusin f the study?
A．Cave fish’s unique mlecular structures.
B．Nn-visual light detectin in cave fish cells.
C．The cave fish’s adjustment t0 mlecular clck mechanisms.
D．Bilgical clck changes evlved independently.
11．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Why D the Mexican Cave fish Live in the Darken“
B．A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.
C．Hw Can the Mexican Cave fish Fit in with the Day Cycles?
D．The Bilgical Clcks f the Life in the Sen Are Cnstantly Changing.
The idea that the standard human bdy temperature is abut 98.6℉ (37℃) was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s becme s widely accepted that it serves as a tuchstne fr health—a diagnstic tl used by physicians and parents as a basic indicatr if smene is sick r well.
Hwever, it turns ut that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, crrect—r, t put it mre accurately, human beings have been getting cler ver the years.
Recent studies have shwn that temperature recrds f grups f peple have tended t run lw cmpared t the accepted nrm (标准), s the Stanfrd team, led by Julie Parsnnet, MD, prfessr f medicine and f health research and plicy, decided t d a mre in-depth study t cmpare mdern measurements with histrical recrds t try t identify bdy temperature trends and, perhaps, uncver the reasn why this cling is happening.
Fr their research, the Stanfrd team lked at three distinct datasets (数据集) frm three histrical perids. One was military service recrds, medical recrds, and pensin recrds frm Unin Army veterans f the American Civil War that were cmpiled frm 1862 t 1930. The secnd was frm the US Natinal Health and Nutritin Examinatin Survey Ⅰ cllected between 1971 and 1975, and the third frm adult patients visiting Stanfrd Health Care frm 2007 t 2017.
In all, the team went thrugh 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recrded were accurate rather than the result f prly designed thermmeters (温度计). They did this by lking at the change in temperature inside each grup ver time t ensure that the curves (曲线) shwing a decrease were cnsistent between the datasets.
At the end f the day, the team fund that men brn in the 21st century had an average bdy temperature f 0.59℃ lwer than thse brn in the early 19th century, while mdern wmen shwed an average decrease f 0.32℃ cmpared t thse brn in the 1890s. Tgether, this means that human bdy temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade.
12．What is Wunderlich’s achievement?
A．He was the inventr f the thermmeter.
B．He set up a standard fr nrmal bdy temperature.
C．He discvered humans’ bdy temperature trends.
D．He put frward the thery f nrmal human bdy temperature.
13．Hw did the Stanfrd team get their findings n bdy temperature?
A．By having interviews.B．By cnducting field research.
C．By analyzing histrical recrds.D．By ding experiments in the lab.
14．What culd affect the accuracy f Parsnnet’s study accrding t the text?
A．The quality f thermmeters.B．The backgrunds f the subjects.
C．The srting f the cllected datasets.D．The number f adult patients invlved.
15．What can we cnclude frm the last paragraph?
A．Mdern wmen’s bdy temperatures have risen ver the past century.
B．The 19th century saw the greatest increase in men’s bdy temperatures.
C．The 21st century saw the greatest decrease in men’s bdy temperatures.
D．Men’s bdy temperatures have fallen faster than wmen’s ver the years.
Pursue Yur Dreams Tday, Nt Tmrrw
Have yu caught yurself daydreaming abut yur dreams? We ften pstpne ur dreams, trapped in a cycle f delay. But why wait? 16 Yu dn’t have t take a huge, life-changing step. Yu can take minute steps tward a brighter future. And start right nw.
17 If yu never try, yu’re ging t be weighed dwn by yur regrets. Yu’re always ging t wnder hw yur life wuld’ve turned ut if yu actually tk a chance n yurself. Dn’t let yur future self be disappinted by yur present self.
It desn’t matter hw ld yu are r hw many peple have warned yu that yu’re never ging t succeed. Even the mst successful peple have had their hesitatins abut whether they had what it tk t make it in their field. 18 Embrace a mindset f determinatin, knwing that success is within yur reach.
At the end f the day, yu need t carve ut a path fr yurself that will lead t the mst satisfactin. If yu allw yur fear t get the best f yu, yu’re never ging t frgive yurself. 19 . It’s what yu wuld encurage yur friends t d, s why aren’t yu giving yurself that same push?
Smetimes, fllwing yur passin means spending a lt f yur time each day. It may require making slight adjustments t yur schedule, but yu dn’t have t sacrifice everything t fllw yur hearts. Try t strike a balance between yur current life and yur dreams. 20
Pursue yur dreams nw, even thugh that means yu might need t break ut f yur cmfrt zne, and even thugh it means entering the unknwn.
A．Ask yurself what wuld be wrse.
B．Starting small is cmpletely acceptable.
C．Yu we it t yurself t g after yur dreams.
D．New pprtunities may lead t persnal grwth.
E．If things g well, yu can gradually make further shifts.
F．Yu need t mve past yur insecurities and explre yur full ptential.
G．Hard as it is, it’s crucial t wave ff the dubts in the back f yur mind.
二、完形填空
I had nt visited Etn fr many years. When ne day passing frm the Fellws’ Library int the Gallery, I caught sight f the 21 f my schl friend Digby Dlben hanging just withut the dr amng ur mst 22 cntempraries. I was 23 arrested and as I std gazing n it, my 24 asked me if I knew wh it was. I was thinking that I must be almst the nly persn wh wuld knw him. Far 25 f my byhd were crwding 26 upn me: he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth.
This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 27 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there. 28 , hw came Dlben there? It was 29 he was a pet; and yet his pems were nt knwn. They were carefully 30 by his family and a few friends. Indeed, such f his pems as culd have cme t the eyes f the authrities wh apprved f this memrial wuld nt 31 it. There was anther 32 — the prtrait bears its wn certificatin. Thugh yu might nt perhaps understand the pet in it, yu can see the sul immersed in deep thught, the habit f stainless (无瑕的) life, f 33 , f enthusiasm fr high ideals. Such a being must have 34 remarkably amng his fellws. When his early death endeared (使价值更高) his memry, lving grief wuld generusly 35 him the glry which he had never wrn.
21．A．statueB．characterC．prtraitD．theme
22．A．valuableB．distinguishedC．familiarD．gracius
23．A．whllyB．partlyC．curiuslyD．secretly
24．A．peersB．chairmanC．leaderD．cmpanin
25．A．judgmentB．thughtC．memriesD．behaviur
26．A．hurriedlyB．freshlyC．anxiuslyD．eagerly
27．A．selectiveB．splendidC．handsmeD．challenging
28．A．YetB．TherefreC．ThusD．Hwever
29．A．becauseB．whyC．thatD．what
30．A．bservedB．capturedC．illustratedD．guarded
31．A．perateB．prmteC．justifyD．permit
32．A．appreciatinB．reasnC．causeD．effect
33．A．devtinB．ambitinC．imaginatinD．symbl
34．A．brught abutB．std frC．std utD．brught in
35．A．interpretB．grantC．appintD．identify
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Meat, milk, cheese—just sme f the things prvided by gats. But nw we can als add fire safety t this list. Wildfires 36 (make) pssible by ht, dry weather cnditins as well as a supply f dead vegetatin that serves as fuel. We may have limited cntrl ver the first factr, 37 we can cntrl the secnd. Reducing the fuel lad lwers the prbability f wildfires ccurring, as well as the amunt f damage 38 (cause). This is where we can turn t gats t prvide a 39 (slve). Gats have a very digestive system. Much vegetatin that are txic (有毒的) t ther animals can be eaten by gats. It’s nt just fully-grwn plants 40 gats are able t deal with: any seeds that pass thrugh ag at will nt grw. Human clearance teams wrry abut 41 (send) t hard-t-reach vegetatin patches (土地) gats dn’t. They are 42 (skill) muntain climbers and when standing n their legs, can reach up t tw meters t eat shrubs and grass that humans wuld struggle 43 (reach). Because f this, using gats can reduce bth wrkplace accidents and the amunt f mney spent 44 fire prtectin measures. Gatherd shave been fund t clear sme patches f land fr 45 third f the price f human vegetatin cntrl teams.
四、书信写作
46．学校新建图书馆前的空地即将绿化，现征求学生的建议。假如你是李华，请给校英语报Clrful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，内容包括：
1.绿化布局；
2.设计理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Martin,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last summer, Hilda wrked as a vlunteer with dlphin trainers at a sea life park. Her jb was t make sure the tanks were free f any items s that the trainers culd train the dlphins t fetch specific items. Hwever, ne day after cleaning, ne f the dlphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper frm the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda fr her carelessness. Upset but nt discuraged by this event, Hilda decided t d sme spying n Maya.
The next mrning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put n her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped int the tank fr her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nthing in the tank, she climbed ut f the water just in time t see Katherine jumping in n the ther side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was ding. She watched as Katherine perfrmed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn’t surprised when she surfaced empty-handed.
During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but nw the dlphin stpped suddenly and swam t the back part f the tank where the filter (过滤) bx was lcated. She stuck her nse dwn behind the bx and then swam away. What was Maya ding back there? Hilda wndered. She jumped back int the water and swam ver t take a lk behind the bx, and her questin was answered. Hilda then swam acrss the tank fllwing Maya’s path and emerged frm the water t find Katherine remving her scuba gear. As Katherine turned arund, her muth drpped pen. There was Maya at the edge f the tank with a cmb (梳子) in her muth waiting fr her treat.
“Maya! Where did yu get that?” demanded Katherine, taking the cmb and thrwing her a fish. “I knw where she gt it,” declared Hilda climbing ut f the tank with a handful f items still wet frm their watery, resting place. “What’s all this?” Katherine asked, bviusly cnfused.
注意：
(1)续写词数应为150个左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Nw Katherine realized what had been ging n.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A 2．D 3．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个考古夏令营活动的情况。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“AWIARE ffers ne-week camp fcused n archaelgy fr kids entering Grade 1 and 5.(AWIARE为一年级和五年级的孩子提供为期一周的考古夏令营)”可知，小学生可以成为夏令营的目标受众。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Day 3-4 Participants will explre lcal histric sites lng-cvered by plants and learn hw archaelgists survey sites using direct measurements, digital cameras, careful ntes, and hand-held GPS units.(第3-4天，参与者将探索长期被植物覆盖的当地历史遗迹，并学习考古学家如何使用直接测量、数码相机、仔细笔记和手持GPS装置来调查遗址)”以及“Date: August 10-16, 2024(日期：2024年8月10到16日)”可知，2024年8月13日参与者可能会探索植被覆盖的当地历史遗迹。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Expeditin cst: $300 per participant, which includes daily lunch at the AWIARE Research Statin. Return campers receive a 20% discunt.(考察费用：每位参与者300美元，其中包括在AWIARE研究站的每日午餐。返程露营者可享受八折优惠)”可知，两个孩子今年回来要花（300+300）×80%=480美元。故选B。
4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了广场剧院的老板克里斯·埃斯科瓦尔和他的妻子费尽周折把一个65年前的钱包归还给原主人的家族亲人的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第四段“That wner was ne Fly Culbreth, accrding t a license inside the wallet.”（钱包里的执照显示，店主名叫弗洛伊·卡尔布雷斯。）可知，钱包里有一张属于弗洛伊·卡尔布雷斯的执照。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“But Escbar ran int his first prblem—wmen were ften referred t by their husband’s name at that time, s searching Culbreth’s name yielded few results.”（但埃斯科瓦尔遇到了他的第一个问题——在那个时候，女人通常被称为丈夫的名字，所以搜索卡尔布雷斯的名字几乎没有结果。）可知，克里斯·埃斯科瓦尔最初遇到的挑战是由于命名规范的原因，追踪主人很困难。故选C项。
6．词义猜测题。根据第五段划线单词后“t track dwn the wner f the wallet”（来追踪钱包的主人）可知，他的妻子妮可帮助追踪钱包的主人，推断出她是一名侦探，选项D“侦探”和sleuth意思一致，符合题意。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The mment was especially significant fr Chamberlain’s yung grandchildren. As they explred the cntents, they grasped the imprtance f this family artifact, realizing they were part f a special legacy.”（这一刻对张伯伦年幼的孙辈来说意义非凡。当他们探索里面的东西时，他们意识到这个家庭文物的重要性，意识到它们是一个特殊遗产的一部分。）可知，这个钱包对西娅·张伯伦特别有意义的原因是它具有家族历史价值。故选A项。
8．A 9．C 10．B 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了墨西哥盲洞鱼在深层洞穴中的生存情况，以及它们对光的感知能力。研究人员通过实验发现，尽管盲洞鱼无法看见，但它们的细胞仍然可以感知光线，并在一定程度上调节其生物钟。这表明即使在黑暗环境下，生物的生物钟仍然可以通过不同的分子机制进行调节。
8．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As the cave fish n lnger seem t rely n an internal daily cycle and sme sleep very little, bilgist Inca Stein-dal and her clleagues were keen t see if their bdies can still regulate cyclically thrugh time. Mst animals n Earth have an internal clck fr this the circadian rhythm (昼夜节律) that uses light levels t make ur bdies fit in with ur planet’s day and night cycles.(由于洞穴鱼似乎不再依赖于体内的日常循环，有些睡眠很少，生物学家印加·斯坦达尔和她的同事们渴望了解它们的身体是否仍然可以随着时间的推移进行周期性调节。地球上的大多数动物都有一个生物钟，昼夜节律利用光线水平使我们的身体适应地球的昼夜循环)”可知，斯坦达尔和她的同事们想要找出洞穴鱼是否可以随着时间的推移进行周期性调节，即是否有昼夜节律。故选A项。
9．
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The Mexican blind cave fish live in a cmplex f ver 30 islated caves, within which they have each independently adjusted t the dark. Their bdies are extra sensitive t vibratins (震动), allwing them t sense changes in water currents fr navigatin (导航) in cmpensatin fr their limited r cmplete lack f sight. This adaptatin ccurred despite the fish frm each cave evlving frm the same species with fully functining eyes.(墨西哥盲洞鱼生活在一个由30多个孤立的洞穴组成的复杂环境中，每个洞穴都能独立地适应黑暗。它们的身体对振动特别敏感，这使它们能够感知水流的变化，以便导航，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力。尽管来自每个洞穴的鱼都是从具有完全功能的眼睛的同一物种进化而来的，但这种适应还是发生了)”可知，第二段主要介绍了墨西哥盲洞鱼身体对振动特别敏感，以补偿它们有限或完全失明的视力，主要说明了它们已经适应了黑暗。故选C项。
10．
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her clleagues cnclude.(斯坦达尔和她的同事总结道：“我们已经提供了证据，证明尽管失明，但墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光，并使它们的生物钟适应光/暗周期。”)可知，研究的结论是墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光。根据倒数第二段中“They detected the activatin f several mlecular (分子的) clck mechanisms when the cells were expsed t light, even in the cave fish cells. “Nn-visual light detectin is maintained at a fundamental cell-based level,” the researchers explain, althugh the cave fish cells did nt respnd as strngly as thse cells frm surface fish.(他们发现，当细胞暴露在光线下时，几个分子时钟机制被激活，即使在盲洞鱼细胞中也是如此。研究人员解释说，尽管盲洞鱼的细胞不像水面鱼的细胞那样强烈，“非视觉光检测维持在基本的细胞水平上，”)”可知，盲洞鱼细胞的非视觉光探测维持在基本的细胞水平上，说明它的时钟机制会被激活，证明盲洞鱼也可以探测到光。所以，盲洞鱼细胞的非视觉光探测能支持该研究的结论。故选B项。
11．
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中““We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle,” Steindal and her clleagues cnclude.(一条生活在墨西哥洞穴系统的深处、持久的黑暗中的盲洞鱼仍然保持着一些感知光线的能力)”和最后一段中“We have prvided prf that despite being blind, cells frm the Mexican blind cave fish can detect light and make their clcks fit in with a light/dark cycle (我们已经提供了证据，证明尽管失明，但墨西哥盲洞鱼的细胞可以探测到光，并使它们的生物钟适应光/暗周期)”可知，本文介绍了研究人员通过实验发现，尽管盲洞鱼无法看见，但它们的细胞仍然可以感知光线，所以“A Blind Cave fish Can Still Perceive Light.(盲洞鱼仍能感知光)”是研究的结论，也是文章最佳标题。故选B项。
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科研人员经过研究发现，自19世纪以来，人类的平均体温在持续下降，人类每十年时间平均体温就会下降0.03℃。传统意义上的37℃的标准体温已经不适用于所有人。
12．
细节理解题。根据第一段“The idea that the standard human bdy temperature is abut 98.6℉（37℃）was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s becme s widely accepted that it serves as a tuchstne fr health—a diagnstic tl used by physicians and parents as a basic indicatr if smene is sick r well. (1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhld August Wunderlich首先提出了人体标准温度约为华氏98.6度(37℃)的观点。从那时起，它被广泛接受，成为健康的试金石——医生和家长使用的诊断工具，作为一个人生病或健康的基本指标。)”可知，Wunderlich确立了现代人类健康体温的标准为37摄氏度。故选B。
13．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Fr their research, the Stanfrd team lked at three distinct datasets (数据集) frm three histrical perids. (在他们的研究中，斯坦福大学的研究小组研究了来自三个历史时期的三个不同的数据集。)”可知，这个研究小组主要是靠搜集并分析过去三个历史时期的群体体温数据集来进行相关研究的。故选C。
14．
推理判断题。根据第五段“In all, the team went thrugh 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recrded were accurate rather than the result f prly designed thermmeters (温度计). (该团队总共进行了677,423次温度测量，以确保记录的温度是准确的，而不是设计不良的温度计的结果。)”可知，体温监测时所使用的体温计的质量可能会影响到团队的研究结果。故选A。
15．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“At the end f the day, the team fund that men brn in the 21st century had an average bdy temperature f 0.59℃ lwer than thse brn in the early 19th century, while mdern wmen shwed an average decrease f 0.32℃ cmpared t thse brn in the 1890s. Tgether, this means that human bdy temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade. (最后，研究小组发现，21世纪出生的男性的平均体温比19世纪初出生的男性低0.59℃，而现代女性的平均体温比19世纪90年代出生的女性低0.32℃。加起来，这意味着人类体温每十年下降0.03℃。)”可知，研究表明，在过去的一个多世纪中，男子体温降低要比女子的体温降低幅度大。故选D。
16．B 17．C 18．G 19．F 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何追求自己的梦想提出了一些建议。
16．根据后文“Yu dn’t have t take a huge, life-changing step. Yu can take minute steps tward a brighter future. And start right nw.(你不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步。你可以一步一步走向更光明的未来。现在就开始)”可知，后文提到了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，可知本句是在建议从小的地方开始。故B选项“从小处开始是完全可以接受的”符合语境，故选B。
17．根据本段内容“If yu never try, yu’re ging t be weighed dwn by yur regrets. Yu’re always ging t wnder hw yur life wuld’ve turned ut if yu actually tk a chance n yurself. Dn’t let yur future self be disappinted by yur present self.(如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。你总是想知道，如果你真的给自己一个机会，你的生活会变成什么样子。不要让未来的自己被现在的自己失望)”可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。故C选项“你应该为自己去追求你的梦想”符合语境，故选C。
18．根据后文“Embrace a mindset f determinatin, knwing that success is within yur reach.(拥有一种坚定的心态，知道成功是触手可及的)”可知，后文提到要拥有坚定的心态，可知要拜托怀疑的心态。故G选项“尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的”符合语境，故选G。
19．根据上文“At the end f the day, yu need t carve ut a path fr yurself that will lead t the mst satisfactin. If yu allw yur fear t get the best f yu, yu’re never ging t frgive yurself.(在一天结束的时候，你需要为自己开辟一条通往最大满足感的道路。如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，你永远不会原谅自己)”可知，上文提到不要让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，即建议要克服恐惧和不安全感，来发掘潜力。故F选项“你需要克服你的不安全感，发掘你的全部潜力”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据上文“Smetimes, fllwing yur passin means spending a lt f yur time each day. It may require making slight adjustments t yur schedule, but yu dn't have t sacrifice everything t fllw yur hearts. Try t strike a balance between yur current life and yur dreams.(有时候，追随你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。这可能需要对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己的内心而牺牲一切。试着在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡)”可知，上文提到了在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，故说明这么做的结果。故E选项“如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变”符合语境，故选E。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者回到多年未到访的伊顿学校，偶然经过图书馆进入画廊时，看到了他的校友迪格比·多尔本的肖像挂在门外，和同时代最杰出的人在一起，这让作者感到困惑。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. statue雕像；B. character角色；C. prtrait肖像；D. theme主题。根据下文“hanging”和“This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 7 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there.”可知，作者看到的是同学的肖像挂在画廊墙上。故选C项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. valuable有价值的；B. distinguished杰出的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. gracius优雅的。结合常识和下文“This prtrait-gallery f ld Etnians is very 7 : utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there.”可知，伊顿学校肖像画廊挂的都是杰出的人士的肖像。故选B项。
23．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. whlly完全地；B. partly部分地；C. curiusly好奇地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“I std gazing n it”可知，作者完全被其吸引并驻足凝视。故选A项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是谁。A. peers同龄人；B. chairman主席；C. leader领导者；D. cmpanin同伴。根据下文“asked me if I knew wh it was”可知，是同行的其他同伴问作者。故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. judgment判断；B. thught思想；C. memries回忆，记忆；D. behaviur行为。根据下文“my byhd were crwding 6 upn me: he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth.”可知，作者回想起往事，记忆涌上心头。故选C项。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺着他的青春。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. freshly新鲜地；C. anxiusly焦虑地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文“he was standing again beside me in the eager prmise f his yuth”可知，作者对当年的格比·多尔本记忆犹新。故选B项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个伊顿公学老校友的肖像画廊是非常挑剔的：杰出的出身或优秀的品质可能为你赢得一席之地。A. selective严格筛选的；B. splendid壮丽的；C. handsme英俊的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据下文“utstanding distinctin f birth r excellent qualities may win yu a place there”可知，只有具有杰出的出身或优秀的品质的人的肖像才能进入肖像画廊，所以肖像画廊是严格筛选的，非常挑剔。故选A项。
28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多尔本怎么会出现在这里呢? A. Yet然而；B. Therefre因此；C. Thus因此；D. Hwever然而。根据下文“hw came Dlben there?”可知，作者对多尔本的肖像挂在这里有疑问，上下文有转折关系。故选D项。
29．考查连词词义辨析。句意：那是因为他是个诗人；然而他的诗却不为人所知。A. because因为；B. why为什么；C. that那个；D. what什么。上文“hw came Dlben there?”提出疑问，“he was a pet”下文解释原因，用because引导表语从句，表示原因。故选A项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被他的家人和几个朋友小心地守护着。A. bserved观察；B. captured捕捉；C. illustrated说明；D. guarded守护。根据上文“and yet his pems were nt knwn”可知，知道多尔本的诗的人并不多，所以只有他的家人和几个为数不多的朋友守护着他的诗歌。故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，即使他的诗能够进入那些批准这个纪念的权威人士的眼睛，这也不能成为正当理由。A. perate操作；B. prmte促进；C. justify是……的正当理由；D. permit允许。根据上文“and yet his pems were nt knwn. They were carefully 10 by his family and a few friends.”可知，多尔本的诗受众很少，不能成为他的肖像被挂在肖像画廊的正当理由。故选C项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一个原因——这幅画像有自己的证明。A. appreciatin欣赏；B. reasn原因；C. cause起因，理由；D. effect效果。根据下文“the prtrait bears its wn certificatin”可知，这是另一个原因。故选B项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然你可能不理解其中的诗人，但你可以看到沉浸在深刻思考中的灵魂，纯洁生活的习惯，奉献精神，对崇高理想的热情。A. devtin奉献；B. ambitin抱负；C. imaginatin想象力；D. symbl象征。根据句中“the sul immersed in deep thught”和“enthusiasm fr high ideals”可推知，多尔本追求崇高理想，有奉献精神。故选A项。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样一个人在他的同伴中一定很突出。A. brught abut导致；B. std fr代表；C. std ut突出；D. brught in引进。根据上文“yu can see the sul immersed in deep thught, the habit f stainless (无瑕的) life, f 13 , f enthusiasm fr high ideals.”可推知，多尔本是一个在人群中突颖而出的人。故选C项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的英年早逝使对他怀念价值更高，充满爱心的悲痛慷慨地给予他从未享有过的荣耀。A. interpret解释；B. grant授予，给予；C. appint任命；D. identify识别。根据“the glry”可知，给予荣耀。故选B项。
36．are made 37．but 38．caused 39．slutin 40．that 41．being sent 42．skilled/skilful/skillful 43．t reach 44．n 45．a/ne
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是有些国家和地区正在用一种不同寻常的方法来消防减灾——山羊消防队。
36．
考查时态和语态。句意：炎热干燥的天气条件以及作为燃料的死亡植被的供应使野火成为可能。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据句中serves可知，句子使用一般现在时，make与句子主语Wildfires之间为被动关系，且主语为名词复数。故填are made。
37．
考查连词。句意：我们可能无法控制第一个因素，但我们可以控制第二个因素。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前后为转折关系，所以此处使用but。故填but。
38．
考查非谓语动词。句意：减少燃料负荷降低了发生野火的可能性，也降低了造成的损失。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词damage，cause与被修饰词之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式caused。故填caused。
39．
考查名词。句意：这就是我们可以求助于山羊来提供解决方案的地方。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，slve的名词为slutin意为“解决方案”，且语空前有不定冠词，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填slutin。
40．
考查强调句型。句意：山羊能处理的不仅仅是成熟的植物:任何经过的种子都不会生长。分析句子结构可知，此处应为强调句型“it be +被强调部分+that/wh…”，强调的是deal with的宾语，所以此处使用that。故填that。
41．
考查非谓语动词。句意：人类清理队担心被送到难以到达的植被地带，而山羊则不担心。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，介词abut后应为动名词形式，且send与逻辑主语Human clearance teams之间为被动关系，所以此处使用动名词的被动形式。故填being sent。
42．
考查形容词。句意：它们是熟练的登山者，当它们用腿站立时，可以到达两米高的地方，吃人类难以到达的灌木和草。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词muntain climbers，skill的形容词为skilled、skilful和skillful均可，意为“熟练的”符合句意。故填skilled/skilful/skillful。
43．
考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是熟练的登山者，当它们用腿站立时，可以到达两米高的地方，吃人类难以到达的灌木和草。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作宾语，根据struggle t d sth.意为“努力做某事，挣扎做某事”符合句意，所以此处使用动词不定式形式，且表示主动意义。故填t reach。
44．
考查介词。句意：正因为如此，使用山羊可以减少工作场所的事故和花费在消防措施上的钱。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语“spend mney n sth.”意为“花钱在某事上”符合句意，所以此处使用介词n。故填n。
45．
考查冠词/数词。句意：人们发现，牧羊人清理一些土地的费用是人类植被控制小组费用的三分之一。分析句子结构可知，此处应为分数表达法，此处应为基数词，表示数量“一”，所以此处使用冠词a或者基数词ne。故填a/ne。
46．One pssible versin:
Dear Martin,
Hearing ur schl is t green the empty space in frnt f the new library, I wuld like t share my suggestins.
Clrful flwers can be planted in the east part where students will enjy the beauty f nature. Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin prviding students with a place t study and relax. Besides, the central part can be cvered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture f ur schl.
Thank yu fr cnsidering my pinin. I hpe ur schl will becme mre beautiful.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英语报Clrful Campus编辑Martin写封邮件，对于学校新建图书馆前的空地如何进行绿化提出建议。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
建议：suggestin→advice
为某人提供某物：prvide sb with sth→ffer sb sth
此外：besides→what’s mre
看法：pinin→idea
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin prviding students with a place t study and relax.
拓展句：Trees and benches can be arranged in the west sectin which can prvide students with a place t study and relax.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Clrful flwers can be planted in the east part where students will enjy the beauty f nature.（运用了where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, the central part can be cvered with grass with a sculpture standing there, reflecting the culture f ur schl.（运用了with的复合结构）
47．
“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.The truth f the matter, Hilda cntinued, is that Maya has been secretly cllecting items frm the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back f the tank. When yu train her, she will give yu sme items s that she can get treats frm yu. “Really? Hw d yu knw that?” Catherine asked in surprise. Hilda laughed and replied, “It tk me a lng time t discver this secret, t. It’s nt easy t fllw Maya.”
Nw Katherine realized what had been ging n. Catherine thught t herself, this is really a clever dlphin. And she said t Hilda, “Well, Maya lves treats, s we’ll wrk tgether, and yu’ll secretly help her cllect a few things and put them in the filter at the back f the tank. I’ll give her treats, the number f which I can increase.” Hilda replied, “Gd idea, let’s d it.” Frm then n, the Sea Life Park is full f warmth and harmny. Maya’s perfrmance in frnt f the audience is getting better and better.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了希尔达在一家海洋生物公园与海豚训练员凯瑟琳一起做志愿者，以及她们和海豚玛雅之间的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘这是玛雅的秘密，’希尔达笑着说。”可知，第一段可描写玛雅的秘密是什么。
②由第二段首句内容“现在凯瑟琳意识到发生了什么事。”可知，第二段可描写凯瑟琳的对这件事的反应以及事情的结果。
2.续写线索：训练海豚——发现秘密——分析秘密——互相协商——共同配合——良好结果
3.词汇激活
行为类
①秘密地：secretly/in private
②收集：cllect/gather
③隐藏：hid/cnceal
情绪类
①惊讶地：in surprise/in amazement
②笑：laugh/smile
【点睛】【高分句型1】The truth f the matter, Hilda cntinued, is that Maya has been secretly cllecting items frm the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back f the tank. (运用了that引导的表语从句和现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】I’ll give her treats, the number f which I can increase. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
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