2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语猜题卷（五）（含解析）

这是一份2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语猜题卷（五）（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Calling all bk lvers! Here’s a bit f infrmatin n bkstres, each with a different feel and uniqueness.
Octavia Bks
513 Octavia St, New Orleans
With a wide variety f titles in a clean and rganized envirnment, this bkstre ffers frequent bk signing events and varius readings and talks, prviding the pprtunity t meet the authrs and ther readers with similar interests. A must-see fr the die-hard reader!
Garden District Bk Shp
2727 Prytania St, New Orleans
It’s packed full f lcally themed bks, a large variety f fictin and nn-fictin titles, numerus kids’ bks, a nice selectin f signed bks and ther nvelties. It is mst frequently visited by kids. Its website is full f infrmatin, including hurs f peratin, upcming events, the date f the authr event and mre.
Faulkner Huse Bks
624 Pirate’s Alley, New Orleans
In the heart f New Orleans’ beautiful and histric French Quarter sits this fanciful and well-liked bkstre. It is lcated n the bttm flr f Faulkner Huse, the frmer hme f the American writer, William Faulkner. The shp nt nly specializes in first publicatins and unique and ut-f-print bks — mstly by Suthern authrs — but als carries new titles.
Tubby & C’s Mid-City Bk Shp
631 N Carrlltn Ave, New Orleans
Named after the wner’s grandparents, it mainly fcuses n new and used science fictin, which distinguishes itself frm the thers, fantasies, graphic nvels, and children’s bks. Bard games are a big deal at this bk shp. It ffers varius gaming pprtunities, where readers can chse a game frm the gaming library and play t their heart’s cntent.
1．What d the first tw bkstres have in cmmn?
A．They hld readings regularly.B．They prvide access t writers.
C．They’re famus fr diverse events.D．They’re appealing t children.
2．Where shuld ne lking fr rare editins g?
A．Octavia St.B．Prytania St.
C．Pirate's Alley.D．N Carrlltn Ave.
3．What is the uniqueness f Tubby & C's Mid-City Bk Shp?
A．It ffers secnd-hand bks.B．It cntains bks n varius games.
C．It has the game design service.D．It is funded by the lder generatin.
Hiking is tricky when yu’re carrying a threatened species. Ally Whitbread carefully walked thrugh the wilds while carrying a cler full f small, rare snails (蜗牛)— the Chittenang vate amber snails.
“I feel like I’ve gt 500 babies t take care f — just like a very crazy mther hen,” she said. Whitbread is part f a team transprting a lab-grwn ppulatin t a new, remte hme. The snails are facing extinctin — nly dzens are estimated t remain at ne waterfall in upstate New Yrk. “Such a recvery prcess can take years t decades. There are several things remaining t be unlcked during the prcess — what the actin is ging t bring, what rle that species might play, and whether they might live well. We are just racing t better understand ur planet's bidiversity befre the species die ut.”
It tk the scientists years t raise this ppulatin in the lab. The hike t a hidden waterfall is a chance t examine what makes them grw well in the wild, r what desn’t. The snails dn’t have any knwn unique features critical t humans, and it’s been a lng jurney just t attempt t save them. These effrts culd figure ut their hidden benefits.
Specialist Cdy Gilbertsn said the drive t save them can g deeper, nt just the lve fr science. The creatures are n bigger than a fingertip and lk up at their caregivers. “Yu knw their big eyes are staring at yu, like — there’s n way that yu're nt ging t kind f fall in lve,” Gilbertsn said.
Drpping them ff at their new waterfall hme wasn’t even the end — it’ll be anther 5 years befre the team knws whether the snails can survive there. They’ll g fr a hike twice a mnth t track their prgress.
4．Hw des Whitbread feel abut the snails’ future?
A．Hpeful.B．Disappinted.C．Excited.D．Uncertain.
5．Why d the scientists bring the lab-raised snails t the new habitat?
A．T unlck their hidden benefits.B．T identify factrs in their survival.
C．T preserve the planet's bidiversity.D．T bserve their reprducing prcess.
6．What mtivated Gilbertsn t save the snails?
A．Their ptential rle.B．Their endangered state.
C．Their lvable appearance.D．Their grwing cnditins.
7．Which can be the best title fr the text?
A．Lengthy Rescue t Resettle a Tiny SnailB．Innvative Try at Studying Threatened Spcies
C．Special Experience f Hiking with SnailsD．Majr Breakthrugh in Prtecting Rare Species
D yu find yurself checking scial media sites as sn as yu wake up? D yu answer e-mails n yur phne while surfing the Web? Actually, we've lived a life in which we're all cnnected, all the time. Whether r nt this is a gd thing is the subject f Hamlet's BlackBerry, a nn-fictin bk by William Pwers based n an essay he penned.
Early in the wrk, Pwers questins the way we use devices, but certainly he desn't criticize it. He des, hwever, recgnize the dwnside f cnstantly being verstimulated—r what he calls the “prblem f cnnectedness”. Amng the things disturbed by the prblem, Pwers says, are the ways in which peple are cnnected and deal with each ther. “Cnstantly switching amng peple n scial media platfrms, texts and all the new ways f cnnecting all day, we never have a sustained cnnectin.” His intentin f writing Hamlet's BlackBerry is t help teach peple hw t cnnect mre wisely. Pwers lked t the past, where he fund several precedents(先例)fr bth the current infrmatin age and the anxiety that has cme with it.
One majr figure Pwers examines actually develped his wn strategies fr dealing with verstimulatin. In William Shakespeare's Hamlet, Hamlet is infrmed his father is murdered by his uncle and t shcked by the news t think calmly, s he pulls ut his “tables” frm the pcket, an bject Pwers describes as a s rt f riginal electrnic planner. In the Elizabethan age, tables were a kind f new device designed t help peple bring rder t their lives despite massive news. Yu culd write ntes during the day and wipe(擦掉) them away at night.
But hw d we deal with the same prblem? Pwers has ne suggestin that's child's play: just discnnect. His family, fr example, takes an “Internet Rest Day” every weekend. “We dn't have smart phnes. Therefre we can't check ur inbxes and d Web surfing that day. We really enter anther zne and it's wnderful. Even when we're cnnected t the Internet again, we feel benefits f having been discnnected days befre,” he says. “It's just abut that simple wrd—balance.”
8．What can be influenced by verstimulatin accrding t Pwers?
A．Thughts.B．Health.C．Prductivity.D．Relatinships.
9．What can we infer abut the peple in the Elizabethan age?
A．They advcated an rderly life.B．They culd handle infrmatin verlad.
C．They regarded tables as a necessity.D．They imprved technlgy t make plans.
10．What des Pwers think f the “Internet Rest Day”?
A．It is a symbl f balance.B．It lightens the family atmsphere.
C．It has a lasting influence.D．It is seemingly difficult t fllw.
11．Where is the text mst likely taken frm?
A．An intrductin t a bk.B．An article abut the Web's impacts.
C．A reprt n digitizatin.D．A review f Shakespeare's Hamlet.
Fr decades sleep scientists have thught ver the link between dreaming and creative inspiratin. They have lng thught the insight came frm the stage f rapid eye mvement sleep, which is rich with dreams and begins arund 90 minutes after ne falling asleep. But new evidence puts the sptlight n a much earlier phase — the perid that separates sleep and wakefulness. In a study by MIT, researchers shw that peple wh take brief naps (小睡) that bring abut the beginning f sleep scre higher n several measures f creativity than thse wh undertake the tasks after staying awake.
The findings suggest researchers culd even exercise sme measure f cntrl ver the dreaming prcess by directing peple's dreams tward a specific tpic. The mre frequently peple dreamed abut that, the mre creative they were n tasks related t it. “We can cme t the cnclusin that dreaming abut a tpic enhances yur subsequent creativity n it,” says Rbert Stickgld, a member f the study team.
The experiment tk advantage f a glvelike sleep detectr, which charts sleep by mnitring ne's muscle tne, skin cnductance and heart rate thrugh cntacts n the wrist and hand. It cmmunicates with an app that issues vice prmpts (提示) fr dreams and recrds dream reprts.
Mre than ne famus thinker has capitalized n the phase called nn-rapid eye mvement sleep stage 1,r N1, illustrating the pint abut generating creative insights. The painter Salvadr Dalí wuld deliberately nap, hlding a set f keys abve a metal plate, when thinking ver an idea fr a painting. As he ndded ff, he'd drp the keys, which wuld hit the plate and wake him up, and he'd hld nt the image frm his dream. Thmas Alva Edisn is said t have used a similar technique with metal balls t gain insights.
“It's exciting because, in principle, peple culd use the technlgy themselves t develp creativity,” says Jnathan Schler, a prfessr f psychlgical and brain sciences at the University f Califrnia. There seems t be n shrtage f flks cming t try it. “S many different kinds f peple have visited, kncking n the lab dr and asking t have dreams,” c-lead investigatr Haar Hrwitz says.
12．Which phase bsts creative ideas accrding t the study?
A．The initial sleep stage.B．The middle f the sleep cycle.
C．The wakefulness after sleep.D．The rapid eye mvement sleep stage.
13．What d the findings mentined in paragraph 2 shw?
A．Physical changes reflect the sleep phase.B．Dream cntents re late t real life.
C．Creativity levels vary with the nap length.D．The theme f the dream can be guided.
14．What des the underlined wrd “charts” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Encurages.B．Imprves.C．Tracks.D．Influences.
15．Why are Salvadr Dalí and Thmas Alva Edisn mentined?
A．T prve the effect f dreams.B．T prvide supprt fr the findings.
C．T interpret the benefits f N1.D．T give examples f fueling creativity.
I’m sure mst f us enjy ging n hliday. It’s a break frm the rutine. This might invlve sightseeing and enjying lcal culture, r it culd be kicking back and lazing n a beach. 16
This type f vacatin cmbines the flight, accmmdatins, transfers (换乘) and smetimes the services all int ne bking. 17 Hwever, as a few big brands clsed, many are nw purchased n websites. Travel jurnalists explain that the benefit f a prper package hliday is that “by bking flights and accmmdatins in a single business frm a tur peratr, yu transfer all the risk t the cmpany”. 18 And if the peratr ges wrng, yu can get a refund.
19 A package hliday can be great value. A tur cmpany can bk airplane seats and htel rms tgether, which means they can negtiate better discunts fr the hlidaymakers. There are ften deals n fd and drink t, with sme cmpanies ffering all-inclusive packages — althugh this can discurage smene frm eating utside the htel.
But with airlines ffering cheap flights and websites ffering cheap accmmdatins, the package hliday isn’t always the way f chice. 20 While that might suit sme, the package hliday ffering has develped t be better. And, in the UK, the package hliday is grwing in ppularity, particularly amng yunger travellers. The Assciatin f British Travel Agents said, “There is a greater emphasis n persnalisatin, where hlidaymakers can mix and match what they want t include instead f purchasing a predefined package.” The nly prblem is deciding where t g!
A．It’s als bad news fr travel agents.
B．That is why it is called a package hliday.
C．Sme f us are mtivated t be independent backpackers.
D．This means it has t srt things ut during the whle prcess.
E．They were traditinally sld by travel agents n the high street.
F．This prtectin can give yu peace f mind, but there are ther benefits.
G．Whatever we chse, the mst cnvenient way t d it is g n a package hliday.
二、完形填空
DeJuan Strickland nw is a middle schl student. He remembers what it was like t be 21 as a furth grader at McCurdy Elementary. Thugh happening nly nce, that made Strickland determined t 22 n ne at his frmer schl wuld feel that way.
Strickland helped 23 his frmer elementary schl’s unpaid student lunch debts thrugh his GFundMe fundraiser with the aim f raising $200. The result 24 that, with $400 raised fr McCurdy Elementary. “Sme schl wrkers tld me several kids nce able t have lunch very 25 are stuffed every day nw. It mtivates me t g further because I’m able t see the 26 .” says Strickland.
Frm there, Strickland 27 the initiative t remve lunch debts in all schls f the Hazelwd Schl District. The campaign has 28 ver $4,000, $2,500 f which Strickland plans t give t the Hazelwd Schl District. He als searches fr anther district fr the 29 f the funds. Strickland recalled being 30 when he learned the debts f a nearby district were ver $50,000. “I’d 31 the prblem was nt cmmn. This really pened my eyes t the fact that there was n 32 f fd. ”
Strickland wed his 33 spirit t his mther. Her practice f creating “blessing bags” fr thse in need 34 his sympathetic utlk. Strickland als wrks n his bks n Tech By. The teen says his future plans include becming a cmputer prgrammer, and cmbining his lve fr 35 with giving back t the cmmunity.
21．A．alneB．helplessC．prD．hungry
22．A．admitB．ensureC．discverD．sense
23．A．figureB．reprtC．investigateD．erase
24．A．went beyndB．shwed thrughC．tk inD．stepped up
25．A．casuallyB．bviuslyC．ccasinallyD．cnstantly
26．A．challengeB．weightC．pprtunityD．reasn
27．A．repeatedB．apprvedC．launchedD．expanded
28．A．dnatedB．brrwedC．cllectedD．saved
29．A．increaseB．restC．valueD．majrity
30．A．astnishedB．dubtfulC．stressedD．grateful
31．A．cnfirmedB．deniedC．assumedD．cncluded
32．A．distributinB．guaranteeC．shrtageD．cnsumptin
33．A．charitableB．innvativeC．independentD．curageus
34．A．witnessedB．reflectedC．identifiedD．shaped
35．A．fundraisingB．writingC．technlgyD．creatin
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While its mvements are slw and gentle, Tai Chi is actually a 36 (pwer) martial art (武术). Nw, a new study shws that it can nt nly help peple learn mvements grunded in self-defence, but slwer the prgressin f Parkinsn’s disease (帕金森病).
Attempts at identifying the rt cause 37 Parkinsn’s and battling against its effects are increasing. Tai Chi, which patients with Parkinsn’s disease can practice 38 (they), has been prved t be a simpler way t help. Previus studies shwed shrt-time practice f Tai Chi brught benefits. Fr the new study, researchers wanted t see 39 the lng-term practice f Tai Chi wuld have an even greater impact. 40 (attain) the results, they did a series f surveys and saw a 41 (significant) slwed prgressin f the disease in the lng-term Tai Chi practitiners. Thse wh engaged in 42 exercise put in a better perfrmance acrss the study based n an amunt f measurement. The Tai Chi grup als experienced fewer cmplicatins f the disease.
The researchers pint ut that their study desn’t shw cause and effect, and that it 43 (make) based n a relatively small sample size. Still, it’s a great 44 (inspire). Fr the patients with Parkinsn’s disease, Tai Chi practice “culd extend the time withut disability, 45 (lead) t a higher quality f life, a lwer burden t caregivers, and less drug usage”.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是校英语社团负责人，计划组织“环保宣传进社区（G int Cmmunities fr Envirnmental Prtectin）”活动。请你写一个活动策划方案。内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
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五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sarah, a high schl student, had a great passin fr baking. With her parents’ supprt, Sarah dreamed f pening her wn bakery, a place where she culd turn her interest int a business. Hwever, she knew the imprtance f imprving her skills and gaining real-wrld experience.
Therefre, every Saturday, withut fail, she wuld set up a small but charming table at a lcal park. The park, filled with families and laughter, was the perfect place fr Sarah t sell her creatins. Her table, neatly laid ut with clrful hmemade ckies and cakes, attracted passers-by with the desserts’ smell.
On a particularly bright and sunny afternn, as Sarah was carefully arranging her chclate ckies and cakes, her attentin was drawn t an elderly wman sitting alne n a bench. The wman, with her silver hair and sad eyes, seemed lst in thught. As the hurs went by, Sarah nticed that the wman remained where she was, seemingly frgtten by the wrld. A sense f cncern washed ver Sarah. S she decided t act. She pured a cup f warm tea carefully and cut a generus slice f her rich chclate cake, a crwd favrite, and apprached the wman.
“I thught yu might like sme snacks,” Sarah said with a warm, inviting smile. The wman’s face lit up as she accepted the treat. “Thank yu, dear. I haven’t had such a delicius treat since my retirement,” she respnded, her vice sft yet filled with gratitude. As she enjyed the cake, tears rlled dwn her face.
A little shcked, Sarah asked what had happened. The wman intrduced herself as Mrs. Wilsn, wh had been a baker befre she retired. Since lsing her husband t cancer a week ag, she had been living alne. Her visits t the park were her escape frm the lneliness that filled her quiet hme. Sarah listened attentively, her heart tuched by the wman’s stry.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Sarah decided t help Mrs. Wilsn ut.
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Over time, their unlikely friendship became nticed in the park.
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参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用。文章介绍了新奥尔良的四个各有特色的书店。
1．细节理解题。根据Octavia Bks部分中的“With a wide variety f titles in a clean and rganized envirnment, this bkstre ffers frequent bk signing events and varius readings and talks, prviding the pprtunity t meet the authrs and ther readers with similar interests. (在整洁有序的环境中，这家书店拥有各种各样的书籍，提供频繁的图书签名活动和各种阅读和讲座，提供了与作者和其他有相似兴趣的读者见面的机会)” 和Garden District Bk Shp部分中的“Its website is full f infrmatin, including hurs f peratin, upcming events, the date f the authr event and mre.(其网站上充满了信息，包括运营时间、即将举办的活动、作者活动的日期等)”可知，这两个书店都提供与作者接触的机会。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据Faulkner Huse Bks部分中的“The shp nt nly specializes in first publicatins and unique and ut-f-print bks — mstly by Suthern authrs — but als carries new titles.(这家书店不仅专营第一批出版物和独特的绝版书籍——主要是南方作家的——而且还有新的书名)”可知，该书店经营绝版的图书，这些都是珍稀版本。再根据“624 Pirate’s Alley, New Orleans”可知，寻找稀有版本的人应该去Pirate’s Alley的Faulkner Huse Bks。故选C项。
3． 推理判断题。根据Tubby & C’s Mid-City Bk Shp部分中的“Named after the wner’s grandparents, it mainly fcuses n new and used science fictin, which distinguishes itself frm the thers, fantasies, graphic nvels, and children’s bks. (它以主人的祖父母命名，主要关注新的和二手的科幻小说，这与其他科幻小说、幻想小说、平面小说和儿童读物不同)”以及前面三个书店内容可知，该书店主要供应的书中既有新的又有二手的科幻小说，这使得它有别于其它书店。由此推知，它的独特之处在于提供二手书。故选A项。
4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了奇特南戈卵形琥珀蜗牛是世界稀有物种，Ally Whitbread和她的团队带着这种小蜗牛远行，以把它们安置在新的栖息地。
4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“There are several things remaining t be unlcked during the prcess — what the actin is ging t bring, what rle that species might play, and whether they might live well.(在这个过程中，有几件事还需要探索——这一行动会带来什么，该物种可能发挥什么作用，以及它们是否能生活得很好。)”可推知，Whitbread对奇特南戈卵形琥珀蜗牛的未来是不确定的。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The hike t a hidden waterfall is a chance t examine what makes them grw well in the wild, r what desn’t.(徒步到一个隐藏的瀑布是一个机会，看看是什么让它们在野外生长得很好，或者什么不能。)”可知，科学家们把这种稀有物种带到新的栖息地是为了研究什么能让它们在野外生存得好或者什么会威胁它们的生存，即确定影响它们生存的因素。故选B。
6．
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Specialist Cdy Gilbertsn said the drive t save them can g deeper, nt just the lve fr science. The creatures are n bigger than a fingertip and lk up at their caregivers. “Yu knw their big eyes are staring at yu, like — there’s n way that yu’re nt ging t kind f fall in lve,” Gilbertsn said.(专家Cdy Gilbertsn说，拯救它们的动力可以更深入，而不仅仅是对科学的热爱。这些生物还没有指尖大，它们会抬头看着照顾它们的人。“你知道他们的大眼睛一直盯着你，让你没有办法不喜欢，”Gilbertsn说。)”可知，Gilbertsn说拯救它们有更深层的动力，而非仅仅是对科学的熟爱。这些还没指甲盖大的小生物会抬起头看着它们的照料者。它们大大的眼睛盯着你，让你没有办法不喜欢。由此可推知，这些小蜗牛可爱的外表促使Gilbertsn拯救它们。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。综观全文可知，文章讲述了为保护濒危物种奇特南戈卵形琥珀蜗牛，一个研究团队耗费多年在实验室饲养了一批该蜗牛，然后将它们放生到纽约北部的一个瀑布附近，以后的几年里他们将进行频繁的跟踪记录，以了解这些蜗牛能否在野外生存及其生存状况。由此可知，尽管科学家们已经采取了一系列措施，拯救奇特南戈卵形琥珀蜗牛依然有很长的路要走。A项：Lengthy Rescue t Resettle a Tiny Snail(重新安置一只小蜗牛的漫长救援)为最好的标题。故选A。
8．D 9．B 10．C 11．A
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了鲍尔斯的纪实文学作品《哈姆雷特的黑莓》，帮助人们在网络信息时代保持建立联系与生活的平衡。
8．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He des, hwever, recgnize the dwnside f cnstantly being verstimulated—r what he calls the “prblem f cnnectedness”. Amng the things disturbed by the prblem, Pwers says, are the ways in which peple are cnnected and deal with each ther.(然而，他确实认识到持续过度刺激（或他所说的“联系问题”）的弊端。鲍尔斯表示，这一问题扰乱了人们之间的联系方式和相处之道。)”可知，鲍尔斯认识到了不断受到过度刺激的弊端,他认为人们相互联系和对待彼此的方式受到这个问题的干扰，即人们的关系受此影响，故选D项。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“In the Elizabethan ag, tables were a kind f new device designed t help peple bring rder t their lives despite massive news(在伊丽莎白时代，一览表是一种新设备，旨在帮助人们在新闻满天飞的情况下使生活变得井然有序。)”可知，在伊丽莎白女王一世时代，人们设计出了“一览表”来帮助他们在大量的信息下有条理地生活，可推理出他们已经能够应对信息过载，故选B项。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Even when we're cnnected t the Internet again, we feel benefits f having been discnnected days befre(即使在我们再次连接到互联网之后，我们仍会感受到之前几天断网的好处)”可知，在他们恢复网络连接后，他们依然能感受到几天前断开网络连接带来的益处，由此可推断，Internet Rest Day 的影响是持久的，故选C项。
11．
推理判断题。根据第一段“Whether r nt this is a gd thing is the subject f Hamlet's BlackBerry, a nn-fictin bk by William Pwers based n an essay he penned(“这是好事还是坏事”是《哈姆雷特的黑莓手机》一书探讨的主题，这本书是威廉·鲍尔斯根据一篇他写的文章写成的非小说类书籍)”可知，作者通过一些问题引出鲍尔斯的书《哈姆雷特的画像》，接下来各段介绍了书中的主要内容，由此可推知，本文最有可能摘自《哈姆雷特的黑莓》这本书的序言，故选A项。
12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。实验表明，睡眠初始阶段的梦境是创造力最活跃的阶段，人类有希望利用这一睡眠阶段提升创造力。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But nw evidence pats the sptlight n a much earlier phase — the perid that separates asleep and wakefulness. In a study by MIT, researchers shw that peple wh take brief naps (小睡) that bring abut the beginning f sleep scre higher n several measures f creativity than three wh undertake the tasks after staying awake.(但现在，证据将焦点投向了一个更早的阶段——介于睡眠和清醒之间的时期。麻省理工学院的一项研究表明，那些短暂小睡，进入睡眠初期的人，在多项创造力的测试中得分高于那些一直保持清醒状态完成任务的人)”可知，新的证据将焦点放在一个更早的阶段——睡眠和清醒之间的一段时间。研究发现在睡眠开始前短暂小睡的人在创造力方面得分更高。由此可知，睡眠的初始阶段是创新灵感的来源。故选A项。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“The findings suggest researchers culd even exercise sme measure f cntrl ver the dreaming prcess by directing peple's dreams tward a specific tpic(这项研究结果表明，研究人员甚至可以通过引导人们的梦境向特定主题发展，来对做梦过程进行一定程度的控制)”可知，研究结果表明，研究人员甚至可以通过将人们的梦境引向特定主题来对做梦过程进行某种程度的控制。由此可知，梦境的主题可以被引导。故选D项。
14．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“by mnitring ne's muscle tne, skin cnductance and heart rate thrugh cntacts n the wrist and hand. It cmmunicates with an app that issues vice prmpts (提示) fr dreams and recrds dream reprts(通过手腕和手部的触点来监测一个人的肌肉紧张度、皮肤电导率和心率。它与一个应用程序通信，该应用程序会发出梦境提示并记录梦境报告)”可知，下文提到通过手腕和手上的接触器监测一个人的肌肉紧张性、皮肤电导率和心率，它与一个应用程序进行通信，该应用程序会发出梦境语音提示并记录梦境报告。由此推知，它应是能跟踪睡眠情况，划线词的含义应为“跟踪”，故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据第四段“Mre than ne famus thinker has capitalized n the phase called nn-rapid eye mvement sleep stage 1, r N1, illustrating the pint abut generating creative insights. The painter Salvadr Dalí wuld deliberately nap, hlding a set f keys abve a metal plate, when thinking ver an idea fr a painting. As he ndded ff, he'd drp the keys, which wuld hit the plate and wake him up, and he'd hld nt the image frm his dream. Thmas Alva Edisn is said t have used a similar technique with metal balls t gain insights (不止一位著名思想家利用非快速眼动睡眠第一阶段（N1）来阐述激发创造性思维的观点。画家萨尔瓦多·达利在思考绘画创意时，会故意小憩，手里拿着一串钥匙悬在金属板上方。当他打盹时，钥匙会掉落在金属板上，将他惊醒，这时他会牢牢记住梦中的图像。据说托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生也使用了类似的金属球技巧来获取灵感)”可推知，本文提到萨尔瓦多·达利和托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生是为他们的发现提供佐证，来支撑研究发现，故选B项。
16．G 17．E 18．D 19．F 20．C
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。不少人喜欢通过度假来放松身心，由旅行社提供的包价旅游既方便又实惠。文章主要讨论了这种度假方式的好处。
16．根据上文“I’m sure mst f us enjy ging n hliday. It’s a break frm the rutine. This might invlve sightseeing and enjying lcal culture, r it culd be kicking back and lazing n a beach.(我相信我们大多数人都喜欢度假。这是例行公事之外的休息。这可能包括观光和享受当地文化，也可能是在海滩上放松和懒散。)”和下文各段内容可知，上文提到度假是摆脱日常生活的休息，可能涉及观光和享受当地文化，或者可能是在海滩上放松和消磨时光，下文各段介绍了包价旅游的好处及其面临的挑战，空处应能引出包价旅游这一话题。G项“无论我们选择什么，最方便的方式是包价旅游”能够引出下文，选项中的“Whatever we chse”与空前一句呼应。下文中的“This type f vacatin”指代选项中的“package hliday”。故选G。
17．根据上文“This type f vacatin cmbines the flight, accmmdatins, transfers (换乘) and smetimes the services all int ne bking.(这种类型的度假将航班、住宿、转机，有时还包括所有的服务都集中在一次预订中。)”和下文“Hwever, as a few big brands clsed, many are nw purchased n websites.(然而，随着一些大品牌的关闭，许多现在都在网上购买。)”可知，空处应为空前句的支撑句，同时与空后一句形成对比。E项“传统上，它们是由大街上的旅行社出售的”符合语境。选项中的“They”指代“the flight, accmmdatins, transfers (换乘) and smetimes the services”。故选E。
18．根据上文“Travel jurnalists explain that the benefit f a prper package hliday is that “by bking flights and accmmdatins in a single business frm a tur peratr, yu transfer all the risk t the cmpany”.(旅游记者解释说，一个合适的包价旅游的好处是“通过从旅行社预订机票和住宿，你把所有的风险都转移给了公司”。)”可知，上文提到通过从旅行社预订航班和住宿，你将所有风险转移给旅行社，空处应承前概括，进一步介绍包价旅游的这一好处，且能与空后一句“And if the peratr ges wrng, yu can get a refund.(如果接线员出了问题，你可以得到退款。)”形成递进关系。D项“这意味着它必须在整个过程中把事情安排好”符合语境。选项中的“it”指代上文中的“the cmpany”。故选D。
19．
根据下文“A package hliday can be great value. A tur cmpany can bk airplane seats and htel rms tgether, which means they can negtiate better discunts fr the hlidaymakers. There are ften deals n fd and drink t(包价旅游很有价值。旅游公司可以同时预订机票和酒店房间，这意味着他们可以为度假者争取到更好的折扣。也经常有食物和饮料的交易)”可知，该段进一步说明包价旅游的诸多益处，所以空处应能引出下文对包价旅游其他益处的介绍。F项“这种保护可以让你心里踏实，但还有其他好处”总结了上文内容，同时是该段的主旨句。故选F。
20．根据上文“But with airlines ffering cheap flights and websites ffering cheap accmmdatins, the package hliday isn’t always the way f chice.(但随着航空公司提供廉价航班，网站提供廉价住宿，包价旅游并不总是人们的选择。)”和下文“While that might suit sme, the package hliday ffering has develped t be better.(虽然这可能适合一些人，但包价旅游服务已经发展得更好了。)”可知，空处应涉及其他的旅行方式。C项“我们中的一些人决心做独立的背包客”与上下文衔接。故选C。
21．D 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是记叙文。上小学四年级时一次挨饿经历让Strickland决心确保他以前小学里的任何学生都不会再挨饿。他发起了一个GFundMe筹款活动，帮助支付学校的午餐债务，并扩大了帮助范围。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他还记得在麦科迪小学读四年级时饿肚子是什么感觉。A. alne孤独的；B. helpless无助的；C. pr贫穷的；D. hung饥饿的。根据第二段的“his frmer elementary schl’s unpaid student lunch debts thrugh his GFundMe fundraiser”“able t have lunch”以及“are stuffed”可知，此处指Strickland还记得四年级时饥饿是什么感受。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这种事只发生过一次，但思特里克兰德决心确保他以前的学校里没有人会有这样的感觉。A. admit承认；B. ensure确保；C. discver发现，查明；D. sense感觉到，意识到。根据第二段的“Strickland helped 3 his frmer elementary schl’s unpaid student lunch debts thrugh his GFundMe fundraiser with the aim f raising $200.”可知，Strickland发起筹款活动，帮助支付学校的午餐债务，所以此处表示那种感觉让他下定决心确保他以前小学里的任何学生都不会再有相同的感受。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：斯特里克兰通过他的GFundMe筹款活动，帮助消除校里待偿还的午餐债务，目标是筹集200美元。A. figure计算（数量或成本）；B. reprt报告；C. investigate调查；D. erase清除。根据下文中的“with the aim f raising $200”以及“Sme schl wrkers tld me several kids nce able t have lunch very 5 are stuffed every day nw.”可知，Strickland把筹到的钱捐给了自己以前的小学，帮助消除学校里待偿还的午餐债务。故选D。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果不仅如此，还为McCurdy小学筹集了400美元。A. g beynd超出；B. shw thrugh显露出；C. take in包含；D. step up增加。根据上文的“with the aim f raising $200”和下文的“with $400 raised fr McCurdy Elementary”可知，筹款目标是200美元，结果筹到了400美元，所以此处表示筹款的结果超过了最初的目标。故选A。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一些学校工作人员告诉我，有几个孩子曾经能偶尔吃午饭，现在每天都吃。A. casually漫不经心地；B. bviusly明显地；C. ccasinally偶尔；D. cnstantly重复不断地。结合语境和下文的“are stuffed every day nw”可知，几个之前偶尔吃到午餐的孩子现在每天都能吃饱了。故选C。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它激励我走得更远，因为我能看到重要性。A. challenge挑战； B. weight重要性；C. pprtunity机会；D. reasn原因。根据上文的“Sme schl wrkers tld me several kids nce able t have lunch very 5 are stuffed every day nw.”再结合Strickland小学四年级时的经历可知，知道几个之前偶尔吃午餐的孩子现在每天都能吃饱了激励Strickland继续下去，因为他看到了活动的重要性。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此基础上，斯特里克兰德扩大了在黑兹尔伍德学区所有学校免除午餐债务的倡议。A. repeat重复；B. apprve批准；通过；C. launch开始从事；发起；D. expand扩展。根据第二段的“g further”和下文的“t remve lunch debts in all schls f the Hazelwd Schl District”可知，Strickland扩展了该倡议，将范围扩大到Hazelwd学区的所有学校。故选D。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次活动已经募集了4000多美元，其中2500美元思特里克兰计划捐给黑兹尔伍德学区。A. dnate捐赠；B. brrw借入；C. cllect募捐，筹集；D. save储蓄。根据下文的“ver $4,000, $2,500 f which Strickland plans t give t the Hazelwd Schl District. He als searches fr anther district fr the 9 f the funds.”可知，筹款活动已经筹集了4000多美元，Strickland打算将其中的2500美元捐给Hazelwd学区，同时寻找另一个需要剩余资金的地区。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题解析。A. increase增加；B. rest剩余部分；C. value价值；D. majrity大多数。根据上文“$2,500 f which Strickland plans t give t the Hazelwd Schl District”可知，Strickland寻找另一个需要剩余资金的地区。故选B。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：思特里克兰德回忆说，当他得知附近一个地区的债务超过5万美元时，他感到非常惊讶。A. astnished感到十分惊讶；B. dubtful不确定，怀疑；C. stressed焦虑不安；D. grateful感激的。根据下文的“the prblem was nt cmmn. This really pened my eyes”可以推知，此处表示得知附近一个学区的学校午餐债务超过50000美元，他感到很震惊。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为这个问题并不常见。A. cnfirm证实；B. deny否认；C. assume假设，认为； D. cnclude推断出。根据上文的“the debts f a nearby district were ver $50,000”和下文的“the prblem was nt cmmn”可知，Strickland原认为这一问题并不普遍。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使我认识到没有食物保障的事实。A. distributin分配；B. guarantee保证；C. shrtage短缺；D. cnsumptin消耗。上文提到了Strickland原以为学校午餐债务问题并不普遍，但事实并非如此。再结合Strickland上四年级时挨饿等内容可知，此处表示这使Strickland认清了食物无保障这一事实。故选B。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Strickland把自己的慈善精神归功于他妈妈。A. charitable慈善的；B. innvative革新的；C. independent自主的；D. curageus勇敢的。根据下文的“Her practice f creating‘blessing bags’ fr thse in need”“sympathetic”可知，Strickland把自己的慈善精神归功于他妈妈。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她为有需要的人制作“祝福袋”的做法塑造了他富有同情心的形象。A. witness见证；B. reflect反映；C. identify确认；D. shape塑造。根据上文“Strickland wed his 13 spirit t his mther.”可知，Strickland的妈妈为有需要的人制作“福袋”的做法塑造了他富有同情心的人生态度。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位少年说，他未来的计划包括成为一名计算机程序员，并将他对科技的热爱与回馈社会结合起来。A. fundraising募捐，筹款；B. writing写作；C. technlgy科技；D. creatin创造。上文的“Strickland als wrks n his bks n Tech By. The teen says his future plans include becming a cmputer prgrammer”与科技有关，故此处表示他未来的计划包括成为一名计算机程序员，并将他对科技的热爱与回馈社区相结合。故选C。
36．pwerful 37．f 38．themselves 39．if/whether 40．T attain 41．significantly 42．the 43．is made 44．inspiratin 45．leading
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了太极拳虽然动作缓慢而柔和，但实际上是一种强大的武术。一项新的科学研究发现除了能用于自卫外，太极拳可以减缓帕金森病的发展。
36．考查形容词。句意：虽然它的动作缓慢而温和，但太极拳实际上是一种强大的武术。空处修饰名词短语martial art，应用形容词pwerful，作定语。故填pwerful。
37．
考查介词。句意：人们越来越多地尝试找出帕金森氏症的根本原因，并与它的影响作斗争。the rt cause f sth.为固定搭配，意为“……的根本原因”。故填f。
38．考查代词。句意：帕金森氏症患者可以自己练习太极拳，事实证明这是一种更简单的治疗方法。空处用于强调病人自己可以做，故用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
39．考查宾语从句。句意：在这项新研究中，研究人员想看看长期练习太极拳是否会产生更大的影响。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词表示“是否”，应用连接词whether/if。故填whether/if。
40．
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了获得结果，他们做了一系列调查，发现长期太极拳练习者的疾病进展明显减缓。空处表目的，应用动词不定式作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填T attain。
41．
考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰过去分词slwed，表示显著放缓的病情发展，应用副词significantly作状语。故填significantly。
42．
考查冠词。句意：根据测量结果，那些参与锻炼的人在整个研究中表现更好。此处的exercise指代上文出现的“the lng-term practice f Tai Chi”，为特指，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
43．
考查动词时态语态。句意：研究人员指出，他们的研究并没有显示出因果关系，而且是基于相对较小的样本量。根据空前的“and that”可知，空处时态应与前面的从句（their study desn’t shw cause and effect）一致，都是对客观情况的陈述，故用一般现在时，it指代前面的study，与make之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为it，be动词用is。故填is made。
44．考查名词。句意：尽管如此，这是一件非常鼓舞人心的事。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词inspiratin，作表语。故填inspiratin。
45．
考查非谓语动词。句意：对于帕金森病患者来说，练习太极“可以延长没有残疾的时间，提高生活质量，减轻照顾者的负担，减少药物的使用”。句中已有谓语动词，且空前无连词，故空处应用非谓语。lead与逻辑主语Tai Chi practice之间为主谓关系，空处应用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填leading。
46．佳作展台
T further raise public awareness f envirnmental prtectin, diverse activities will be arranged t supprt the campaign “G int Cmmunities fr Envirnmental Prtectin” t be held next Sunday.
First f all, students are suppsed t distribute sme leaflets t residents. Mrever, cllecting rubbish t beautify the neighburhd can be included. In the end, a speech abut “white pllutin”, which is related t reducing plastic pllutins , can be given as well.
Thrugh the campaign, mre peple are expected t take a rle in prtecting the envirnment. And ur living cnditins will definitely be imprved with ur jint effrts.
【导语】
本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生为“环保宣传进社区（G int Cmmunities fr Envirnmental Prtectin）”活动写一个活动策划方案。
【详解】1.词汇积累
支持：supprt→back up
首先：first f all→t begin with
与……有关：be related t→be cncerned with
保护：prtect→preserve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：T further raise public awareness f envirnmental prtectin, diverse activities will be arranged t supprt the campaign “G int Cmmunities fr Envirnmental Prtectin” t be held next Sunday.
拓展句：T further raise public awareness f envirnmental prtectin, diverse activities will be arranged t supprt the campaign “G int Cmmunities fr Envirnmental Prtectin” which will be held next Sunday.
【点睛】[高分句型1]T further raise public awareness f envirnmental prtectin, diverse activities will be arranged t supprt the campaign “G int Cmmunities fr Envirnmental Prtectin” t be held next Sunday.（运用了动词不定式短语t further raise public awareness f envirnmental prtectin作目的状语，动词不定式t be held作后置定语）
[高分句型2]In the end, a speech abut “white pllutin”, which is related t reducing plastic pllutins , can be given as well.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
47．佳作展台
Sarah decided t help Mrs. Wilsn ut. Every Saturday, as Sarah saw Mrs. Wilsn, she wuld treat Mrs. Wilsn t her desserts generusly and chat with Mrs. Wilsn in rder t cmfrt the elderly wman and make Mrs. Wilsn feel she was cared abut. Influenced by Sarah’s kindness，Mrs. Wilsn gradually wrked thrugh her srrw. While enjying Surah’s deserts, Mrs. Wilsn shared her baking stries and valuable baking experience withut reservatin with Sarah and ffered her tips n pening a bakery after knwing Sarah’s dream.
Over time, their unlikely friendship became nticed in the park. Sarah’s small table was nt merely a place t buy desserts; it turned int a symbl f caring fr the elderly. Mrs. Wilsn, nce a lnely wman, fund herself being surrunded by a grup f new friends, whse cmpany helped her get ut f lneliness. Assisted by Mrs. Wilsn, the small table has grwn int a shp. Sarah’s bakery has been n the up and up with a cnstant stream f visitrs, wh are attracted by bth the lvely smell and the mving stry.
【导语】
文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了高中生Sarah对烘焙充满热情，她梦想有一天能开一家自己的烘焙店。为了提高技能和获得实践经验，她每周六都会在一个公园设立一个小摊位，出售自制的曲奇和蛋糕。一天，她注意到一位忧郁的老妇人独自坐在公园的长椅上陷入沉思。Sarah给老人端来一杯茶喝一块巧克力蛋糕，并开始与之交谈。老妇人介绍她自己为威尔逊夫人，退休前是一名烘焙师，自从一星期前丈夫因癌症去世后她一直独居，来公园是她躲避孤独的方式。Sarah倾听着威尔逊夫人的故事，内心深受触动。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“Sarah决定帮助威尔逊夫人摆脱困境。”可知，第一段可描写两人因烘焙而建立了联系，并且随着两人之间对话和互动更加频繁，关系进一步深化。
②由第二段首句内容“随着时间的推移，她们难以置信的友谊在公园引起了注意。”可知，第二段可描写Sarah的善举引发了人们的关注，越来越多的人付出爱心，关爱孤独的威尔逊夫人。还可以描写Sarah的烘焙能力得到大家的认可，最终她成功拥有了一家自己的烘焙店。
2.续写线索：Sarah请威尔逊夫人吃甜点——两人聊天——Sarah安慰威尔逊夫人——悲伤逐渐消除——威尔逊夫人分享烘焙经验——威尔逊夫人得到更多关爱——Sarah最终开了烘焙店。
3.词汇激活
行为类
招待/款待某人：treat sb. t/ffer sb. hspitality
摆脱：get ut f/get rid f
影响：influence/affect
吸引：attract/appeal t
情绪类
关心他人的：caring/thughtful
令人感动的：mving/tuching
【点睛】[高分句型1]Mrs. Wilsn, nce a lnely wman, fund herself being surrunded by a grup f new friends, whse cmpany helped her get ut f lneliness.（运用了whse引导非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]Assisted by Mrs. Wilsn, the small table has grwn int a shp.（运用了过去分词作状语）