江西省五市九校2024届高三上学期第一次联考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份江西省五市九校2024届高三上学期第一次联考英语试卷(含答案)，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
There are sme sunds mst f us acknwledge are annying: the chewing f chips, the lw nise f air cnditining r a screaming baby. These nises, fr many peple, act as a mere incnvenience that can distract them frm the task at hand. Hwever, there are sme amngst us wh have a much mre severe respnse t these nises. Has a nise ever made yu feel s angry that yu culd explde with rage? If the answer is yes, yu may be suffering frm misphnia (恐音症).
The wrd “misphnia” literally means “a hatred f sund” and is smetimes called Selective Sund Sensitivity Syndrme. There are sme experts wh dubt the existence f the cnditin. Hwever, fr thse wh claim t suffer frm it, the experience can be painful. Certain sunds culd set ff intense emtinal r psychlgical respnses that may seem ver the tp cmpared with a nn-sufferer’s cmplaints.
The sund f peple chewing their fd culd trigger sufferers’ anxiety, r make them feel panic. It may even activate their fight-r-flight respnse, making them want t run away. In extreme cases, that feeling f panic may result in intense anger and even end up expressing rage physically.
Sadly, there’s n knwn cure. But tinnitus retraining therapy, cgnitive behaviural therapy and cunselling culd help sufferers tlerate nises and manage the cnditin. Accrding t James Cartreine, a clinical psychiatrist, the cnditin can lead t separatin. Sufferers use cping strategies that include aviding places with lts f nises, like restaurants, r mving away when they feel like raging against smene due t their breathing.
S, the next time yu see smene fly int a rage because f a sund that is driving them crazy, it may be due t a difficult cnditin they are trying t manage, and nt just because they hate a certain sund.
1．What is the purpse f paragraph 1?
A. T lead in the tpic f misphnia.
B. T intrduce different annying sunds.
C. T shw ways f preventing a severe disease.
D. T present the harm f nises t human health.
2．Wh is mst likely t suffer frm misphnia?
A. Jane wh usually has lunch alne.
B. Nancy wh ften screams at her baby.
C. Peter wh is always wrried abut his studies.
D. Henry wh is annyed at the sund f bk pages turning.
3．What can be inferred abut misphnia frm the last but ne paragraph?
A. It happens mstly in restaurants.
B. Any sund arund can drive sufferers crazy.
C. Staying away frm nises is a ptential slutin.
D. It may greatly influence sufferers’ cgnitive ability.
The needs f plus size cnsumers have lng been the elephant in the rm f the fashin industry until bdy psitivity and fat acceptance mvements prmted the slgan (口号) that large-bdied peple are nt thse wh are left behind. This size-inclusive (尺码包容) trend has becme s ppular that it is influencing mainstream culture. As a result, fashin brands have finally decided t extend their size ranges. In 2022, the plus-size market grew twice as fast as the standard size market in bth Nrth America and the UK.
Yet, many cnsumers say fashin brands bradening their ranges are nt truly inclusive. “Inclusive sizing means that all bdies are included in fashin, nt just the nes wh fit in standard sizes,” says Marie Suthard Ospina, a UK-based jurnalist wh cvers bdy-image issues. “Hwever, what many designers d right nw is pick a number that they think is big enugh t include plus sizes and stp. This is even mre disrespectful.”
Researchers als criticize that sme brands are just taking advantage f the trend. “Brands that used t prmte s-called perfect bdies in their advertisements are nw trying t get in n the trend by adding a few sizes. It desn’t feel like they really care abut plus-size peple,” says Tm Burgess, analyst in fashin industry. “If brands cared abut large-bdied cnsumers, then it wuldn’t have taken until nw t acknwledge that they exist,” he says. “It gives the impressin that cmpanies are just trying t gain a share f the market withut a real cmmitment t the cmmunity.”
The fashin industry must g beynd merely prducing clthing in a range f sizes if they hpe t succeed with a bdy -diverse wrld. The whle industry has t cnnect n a persnal level with cnsumers. That invlves shwing shppers that they are seen, understd and imprtant t brands. “Cnsumers care abut values, and s they want t buy frm brands that reflect the values they believe in. Everyne shuld enjy the same range f fashin ptins,” says Ludvica Cesare, prfessr f marketing at the Cllege f Business in the US.
4．What d the underlined wrds “the elephant in the rm” mean in the first paragraph?
A. The ht issue that is valued.
B. The bvius truth that is ignred.
C. The imprtant principle that is recgnized.
D. The cmmn phenmenn that is criticized.
5．Why d cnsumers say fashin brands are nt truly inclusive?
A. They pick sizes randmly.B. They ffer limited plus sizes.
C. They treat designers disrespectfully.D. They haven’t bradened standard sizes.
6．Fr what d researchers mainly criticize sme brands?
A. Their designs.B. Their quality.
C. Their mtivatins.D. Their advertisements.
7．What des the last paragraph imply?
A. Buyers may deserve fashin that fits their figure.
B. Cnsumers prefer brands with persnalized values.
C. Brands shuld catch up with the size-inclusive trend.
D. A gd brand image is critical in the fashin industry.
T earnest HEMINGWAY, Paris was a mvable feast. T a bedbug, s are Parisians. In vides n scial media, the seats f the city’s metr are seen filled with bedbugs, tiny bldsucking insects n bigger than apple seeds.
The health risk frm bedbugs is minr: itchy (发痒的) bites and a small risk f allergies and secndary infectins. As the present panic suggests, the bigger impact tends t be psychlgical, says entmlgist Clive Base. Msquites, leeches and ther parasites (寄生虫) are unpleasant, but they d nt clnize yur hme. If a traveler brings bedbugs back frm their hlidays, the insects can start an invasin that can be very difficult t shift.
Schadenfreude amng the nn-French is unwise.“ There wn’t be a city withut bedbugs,” says Base. DNA analysis suggests that the pests evlved frm parasites that lived n bats, with which humans shared caves, and n birds, which may have nested in early thatched(茅草盖的) rfs. That may explain the ne bit f gd news abut them. Msquites spread malaria(疟疾), dengue fever and yellw fever. But n human pathgen(病原体) is knwn t use bedbugs as a vectr-perhaps because there has nt been time fr ne t evlve the ability.
Bedbugs favr warm envirnments with plenty f dark places t hide. Cities, and crwded blcks f Hats, are ideal. The bugs shelter in the crannies (裂缝) f furniture, in mattress scams r in cracks in walls, cming ut t feed at night. Centrally heated hmes accelerate their life cycles, making the prblem wrse as des a warming climate.
The intrductin and widespread use f insecticides in the aftermath f Wrld War II came clse t wiping ut the bugs frm mst huses. But that chemical attack placed a pwerful evlutinary pressure n the insects t develp resistance t the pisns. Just as bacteria have evlved resistance t many f the antibitics that used t kill them, mdern bedbugs are almst free frm at least sme insecticides.
Scientists are therefre turning t ther methds f attack. Diatmaceus earth can kill the bugs by desiccating them. Certain ils can blck the pres thrugh which they breathe. Temperatures abve 45°Care als effective. Sme firms ffer t heat-treat affected furniture in insulated tents. Such treatments are expensive, hwever. New insecticides, t which the bugs have n resistance, culd prbably be invented. But fr nw, at least, says Base, the market des nt exist t justify much crprate research. And since the bugs d nt spread diseases, public health bdies have mre pressing pririties. If bedbugs cntinue t spread, thugh, their fcuses culd start t shift.
8．Accrding t the article, bedbugs are insects that .
A. are as small as apple seedsB. are impssible t get rid f
C. pse a serius health risk t humansD. usually feed n human bld in brad daylight
9．Accrding t the article, bedbugs are everywhere because
①warm cities prvide ideal envirnments fr them
②verseas travel helps them spread acrss the wrld
③they’ve lst the ability t spread infectius diseases
④they’ve becme resistant t sme chemical insecticides
A. ①②③B. ①③④C. ①②④D. ②③④
10．The last paragraph mainly talks abut sme ways f getting rid f bedbugs that are .
A. alternative ... cstlyB. innvative... inefficient
C. expensive... cmplicatedD. ec-friendly ... incnvenient
11．Accrding t the authr, the prspects fr new insecticides against bedbugs are .
A. ExcitingB. uncertainC. discuragingD. unimaginable
On Christmas Eve, a team f reindeer (驯鹿) will help Santa Claus deliver gifts t children all arund the wrld. The reindeer, led by their fearless leader Rudlph, wn’t be the nly nes ding smething special. Back in the highest Arctic, their cusins have a remarkable ability changing their eye clr.
During the summer mnths, when the days are lng and the sun is bright, reindeer’s tapetum lucidum (荧光膜), a mirrr-like layer at the back f their eye, appears glden, which helps bunce the majrity f light ff the eyes, effectively acting like a pair f natural sunglasses. As winter cmes, and the days becme shrter and darker, the tapetum lucidum turns blue t absrb mre light, allwing reindeer t imprve their night visin and see clear in lw light cnditins.
With these adaptatins, reindeer can adapt and thrive in ne f the harshest envirnments n Earth. Unlike humans, reindeer can see well int the shrter Ultra Vilet (UV) range. This UV visin enables them t spt fd and predatrs mre effectively in the snwy landscape. Lichens, a key part f their winter diet, absrb UV, s they shw up dark against UV-reflecting white snw. Wlf and plar bear fur als absrb UV, s instead f disappearing against snw they pp ut in high cntrast, allwing reindeer t spt ptential threats frm a distance.
Reindeer change their eyes by adjusting their tapetum lucidum, which is made f cllagen fibers. In winter, the cllagen fibers becme packed tighter, causing the tapetum lucidum t mainly reflect blue light. This change happens when reindeer dilate their pupils (瞳孔). In summer, the reindeer’s pupils return t a smaller size, which helps reindeer reduce the amunt f light entering the eye.
But their unique adaptatin may hurt them. Tday, the increasing use f artificial lighting, especially during the winter mnths, pses a ptential threat t their sensitive eyes. It can make reindeer lse their way, affecting their ability t survive in their challenging envirnment. S it is crucial fr us t be mindful f ur use f electricity and make effrts t minimize light pllutin t ensure the well-being and survival f these magnificent creatures.
12．What d we knw frm paragraph 2?
A. The shape f reindeer’s eyes varies with seasns.
B. It is difficult fr reindeer t live in lw light cnditins.
C. The tapetum lucidum helps reindeer adapt t seasnal changes.
D. Reindeer’s eyes appear glden in winter while blue in summer.
13．What is the use f UV visin fr reindeer?
A. T help them see clear in dark nights.
B. T distinguish fd f different clrs quickly.
C. T prtect their eyes frm harsh sunlight in summer.
D. T better lcate fd and enemies during snwy days.
14．What des the underlined wrd “dilate” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Relax.B. Expand.C. Narrw.D. Hide.
15．What is the purpse f the last paragraph?
A. T call n peple t prtect reindeer frm light pllutin.
B. T shw the reasns fr the decline in reindeer ppulatin.
C. T present humans’ great effrts t reduce artificial lighting.
D. T prve reindeer’s strng adaptability t harsh envirnments.
二、七选五
16．Hw t get things dne, eventually?
Dealing with yur inner dawdler(懒汉)
“① _________ “Admiral William McRaven tld the graduating class f 2014 at the University f Texas, Austin.
Yet the admiral’s brader pint is universal: “whether yu are a sailr, a salespersn r a CEO, if yu make yur bed every mrning yu will have accmplished the first task f the day.” His cmmencement speech went viral.
The reasn thse busy peple never stp mving is because their cnstant mvement generates further mmentum(动能). And this is, bviusly, easier said than dne especially if yu find a task unpleasant. The mre bjectinable smething seems, the mre time yu spend thinking abut just hw awful it is. That in turn makes yu even less likely t brach(谈论) it and s n. ② _________ Bu t it is, well, a start.
In practical terms, getting ging can mean smething as simple as pening an email. Electrnic crrespndence is the starting pint f mst wrk prjects, ever mre s in the era f hybrid wrk. S just click it. And if yu still find yurself aviding things n yur t-d list that make yu anxius, invlving thers can help. ③ _________
Once yu have gt mving, cnsider yur waypints. That may mean breaking a jb dwn int smaller, mre readily achievable parts. Set yur sights n cmpleting a dcument first, rather than starting ut with the gal f crafting a cmplete strategy. Whatever yu d, resist the urge f the verly cncrete, like sharpening pencils.
④ _________ Bridging that gap can be difficult, even when yu knw full well that if yu d, the dreaded task will n lnger lurk at the back f yur mind like an unwanted squatter. Quick prgress is difficult but rewarding, ffering a high that is undiscverable t thse wh leave things till the very end.
Mst wrkplace decisin s are nt nearly as cnsequential, but firms can still suffer material(实质性的)lsses if emplyees put ff tasks and decisins. ⑤ _________
A. Being aware f this severe circle des nt guarantee yu will break ut f it.
B. Hwever, that cncrete thing is wrth repeating.
C. S if that email arrives first thing in the mrning, read it and reply—even if that means leaving yur bed unmade.
D. The easiest way t get things finished is t get smething ging in the first place, like making yur bed.
E. Discussing tasks with clleagues can suppress(压制) the tendency t avid the parts f yur jb yu like the least.
F. If yu want t change the wrld, start ff by making yur bed.
G. Prcrastinatin(拖延) lies between lgic and emtin, between ambitin and achievement.
三、完形填空（15空）
Like many yung Chinese, Zu had been raised frm a yung age t be “a gd student”. As lng as she fllwed the rules and wrked hard, mney and success wuld naturally fllwed. Zu had fllwed the instructins t the 1 . She aced exam after exam, winning a place at a prestigius cllege inBeijing. Hwever, when Zu sent ut a sea f jb applicatins , She didn’t just fail t 2 her preferred rle; she didn’t receive a single 3 .
Fr Zu, the failure came as a crushing 4 . Being a high flier, she was emtinally unprepared fr such a setback. She struggled with anxiety fr mnths: unable t sleep, 5 by guilt, and feeling cmpelled t repeatedly aplgize t her parents and teachers.
But the rdeal (磨难) has left a prfund impressin n Zu. The frmer teacher’s pet has transfrmed int a passinate 6 f what she calls the ”gd student mentality.“ In January, Zu set up a grup n Duban named “Victims f the Gd Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passinate fllwing.
“Gd students” like Zu tend t be 7 vulnerable (脆弱的) t mental health issues. Successive studies have fund that high achievers are mre likely t 8 anxiety, depressin than the general ppulatin. This is because high achievers like Zu ften excessively rely n 9 validatin (认可) t supprt their self-esteem, leaving them unable t cpe with setbacks. Over time, students 10 the externa wrld’s evaluatin criteria as their wn standard fr self-assessment.
It’s clear that a diverse range f yung peple can 11 victim t the “gd student mentality.” Luckily, in Chinese educatin system, there is grwing 12 that student anxiety is a serius prblem. A teacher in Shanghai, surnamed Dng, tells that “the gd student mentality” is becming ever mre prevalent, with well behaved, intrverted children 13 seeking praise and awards as a way t 14 their self esteem. If they fail t meet the schl’s incredibly high standards, there’s a risk that it will trigger an emtinal 15 .Hence, Zu recently wrte a welcme message ffering new members sme advice: “Be kind t yurself; challenge the nrms; treat yurself well.“ And, mst imprtantly:” Yu can be a “bad” kid.
17．A. letterB. limitatinC. guidanceD. degree
18．A. landB. missC. ccupyD. play
19．A. jbB. fferC. applicatinD. respnse
20．A. blwB. surpriseC. expectatinD. experience
21．A. impressedB. verwhelmedC. filledD. buried
22．A. supprterB. exampleC. criticD. expert
23．A. abslutelyB. seldmC. lessD. particularly
24．A. get rid fB. suffer frmC. live up withD. get ver
25．A. externalB. flexibleC. psitiveD. special
26．A. develpB. adptC. withdrawD. transfrm
27．A. avidB. weC. fallD. change
28．A. recgnitinB. cncernC. situatinD. fear
29．A. penlyB. cntinuuslyC. hpefullyD. anxiusly
30．A. riseB. bstC. advanceD. upgrade
31．A. breakutB. breakdwnC. breakupD. breakthrugh
四、短文填空
32．Using needles t help life’s energy flw
Fr thusands f years, the Chinese have relieved pain and cured disease thrugh acupuncture (针灸). ① _________ (evlve) frm the discvery that using stne needles t prick specific pints n the surface f the bdy culd relieve pain and symptms, acupuncture has becme② _________ integral part f traditinal Chinese medicine, in line with the philsphy that prmtes the harmnius cexistence f humans with nature.
Accrding t Recrds f the Grand Histrian, ③ _________ (write) by Sima Qian abut 2,100 years ag, Bian Que, a highly skilled④ _________ (physical) during the Warring States Perid (475-221 BC), was famus fr having saved a prince frm “death” by using needles t stimulate the Baihui acupint n the head f the uncnscius man.
Accrding t TCM (中医), there are a dzen meridians (经脉) in the human bdy, ⑤ _________ the qi, r life energy, circulates t nurish the rgans. Cld, infectins r diseases can result in blcking f the energy, and s stimulating the acupints can unblck stagnant (不流动的) qi, restre nrmal circulatin and imprve health. Tday, acupuncture is still⑥ _________ (wide) used in China.
In 2010, UNESCO inscribed acupuncture and mxibustin f TCM n the Representative List f Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity. Yet, the practice is nt just cultural and histrical, ⑦ _________ a medical technique widely used and researched tday.
Fr years, ⑧ _________ the clear therapeutic effects f acupuncture in treating many diseases, there were few cnvincing studies that explained hw acupint stimulatin wrked, r what meridians were anatmically speaking, s the technique always seemed smewhat⑨ _________ (mystery).
Hwever, as scientific research f acupuncture⑩ _________ (grw) in recent years, prducing gd quality results, the technique is gaining tractin arund the wrld.
五、书面表达
33．假如你是李华，你们学校将举办一场是否需要为高中学生开设职业生涯规划的辩论会，请你介绍你自己的想法。内容包括：
1. 你的观点；
2. 你的理由；
3. 你的建议。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear judges and students,
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六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Thrughut ur lives, we have encuntered a lt f peple that have influenced us in sme sense. Their effect may be fr ne day r a lifetime. Often, yu dn’t realize hw much influence smene has made n yu until a particular mment. The man wh made a big influence n me was my father.
Three mnths after turning furteen, my life was great. I was getting settled int a high schl; my grades were already getting better and I was making friends.
One day, when I gt back frm schl, I went t the sitting rm and saw my parents having a cnversatin. They came up t me and asked me t take a seat, because they wanted t say smething very imprtant. I sn fund ut that my dad’s liver(肝脏) was failing and he needed an immediate transplant(器官移植). I was surprised and bewildered(不知所措的) because my father lked all right. He wrked, and he didn’t seem ill. My parents said I shuldn’t be afraid, because it was ging t be all right. Fur mnths had gne by, and my father had yet t get a new liver. It lked as if his bdy was steadily wrsening, but he kept saying, “Dear, everything will be just fine.”
It was becming difficult fr me and my family. My father had t give up wrk, and my mther was the sle breadwinner(养家糊口的人). I had t bear the respnsibilities f cleaning up the huse making fd, and lking after my father when my mther was at wrk. I had t limit my time with my friends, because my father started cming in and ut f the hspital. My cncentratin n the subject was beginning t slip away. S were my grades. Tw days befre my schl spring break, my mther gt a phne call frm the hspital, saying my father had an accident and was in hspital. What surprised me was that my father wasn’t injured at all. Then the next day, my mther gt a phne call frm the dctr saying that there was a liver that matched my dad’s bdy and that he needed t get t the hspital immediately.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My parents and I hurried t the hspital.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I had t take n s many respnsibilities at hme.
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参考答案
1．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“There are sme sunds mst f us acknwledge are annying: the chewing f chips, the lw nise f air cnditining r a screaming baby. These nises, fr many peple, act as a mere incnvenience that can distract them frm the task at hand. Hwever, there are sme amngst us wh have a much mre severe respnse t these nises. Has a nise ever made yu feel s angry that yu culd explde with rage? If the answer is yes, yu may be suffering frm misphnia (恐音症). (我们大多数人都承认有些声音很烦人：咀嚼薯片的声音、空调的低噪音或婴儿的尖叫。对许多人来说，这些噪音只是给他们带来了不便，使他们无法专心于手头的工作。然而，我们当中有些人对这些噪音的反应要严重得多。有没有什么声音让你感到非常愤怒，以至于要暴跳如雷？如果答案是肯定的，那么你可能患有恐音症)”可知，本段先描述一些烦人的声音，引出这些声音带来的问题，再过渡到特定的受到这些问题严重干扰的人群——恐音症患者，下文具体介绍恐音症的相关情况。由此推知，本段的作用在于引出恐音症的话题。故选A项。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Has a nise ever made yu feel s angry that yu culd explde with rage? If the answer is yes, yu may be suffering frm misphnia (恐音症). (有没有什么声音让你感到非常愤怒，以至于要暴跳如雷？如果答案是肯定的，那么你可能患有恐音症)”和第二段“The wrd “misphnia” literally means “a hatred f sund” and is smetimes called Selective Sund Sensitivity Syndrme.(“恐音症”这个词的字面意思是“讨厌声音”，有时也被称为选择性声音敏感综合征。)”可知，恐音症患者会对一些声音感到非常愤怒。比较选项可知，被翻页的声音惹恼的Henry很可能患有恐音症。故选D项。
3．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Sufferers use cping strategies that include aviding places with lts f nises, like restaurants, r mving away when they feel like raging against smene due t their breathing. (患者的应对策略包括避开噪音大的地方，比如餐馆，或者当他们因为呼吸（声音）问题而想对某人发火时，就离开)”可知，患者可以通过离开产生噪音的地方或人来应对恐音症。由此可知，远离噪音是一个潜在的解决方案。故选C项。
4．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据文章划线短语the elephant in the rm后的内容“until bdy psitivity and fat acceptance mvements prmted the slgan (口号) that large-bdied peple are nt thse wh are left behind.(直到身体积极性和脂肪接受运动推动了这一口号，身材魁梧的人并应该被抛在后面。)”可知，新的口号的是身材魁梧的人并应该被抛诸脑后，故这些人原来一直是被忽视的，且根据划线词the elephant(大象)可知，此处划线词意思与B项“被忽视的明显的事实”意思相近，故选B。
5．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Inclusive sizing means that all bdies are included in fashin, nt just the nes wh fit in standard sizes,” says Marie Suthard Ospina, a UK-based jurnalist wh cvers bdy-image issues. “Hwever, what many designers d right nw is pick a number that they think is big enugh t include plus sizes and stp. This is even mre disrespectful.”(报道身体形象问题的英国记者Marie Suthard Ospina说道：“包容性的尺码意味着所有的身体都包含在时尚内，而不是仅仅符合那些标准尺码的身体。然而，许多设计师现在所做的仅仅是选择一个他们认为足够大的尺寸。这是极其不尊重人的”。)”可知，消费者认为世上品牌并不是真正的包容性，是因为他们只提供那些符合标准尺码的身体，而不适合所有的身体，故其提供的大码是有限的，故选B。
6．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段““If brands cared abut large-bdied cnsumers, then it wuldn’t have taken until nw t acknwledge that they exist,” he says. “It gives the impressin that cmpanies are just trying t gain a share f the market withut a real cmmitment t the cmmunity.”(他说道：“如果品牌关心大码消费者，那么它就不会直到现在才承认他们的存在。这给人的印象就是，公司只是想要在市场上占有一席之地，而不是真正地对社区做出承诺。”)”可知，研究者批评一些品牌是因为一些品牌并不是真正地关心大码消费者，而只是为了在市场上占有一定的位置，迎合趋势而已，故是因为品牌的动机而批评他们，故选C。
7．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Cnsumers care abut values, and s they want t buy frm brands that reflect the values they believe in. Everyne shuld enjy the same range f fashin ptins,” says Ludvica Cesare, prfessr f marketing at the Cllege f Business in the US.(美国商学院市场营销教授Ludvica Cesare说道：“消费者关心价值，因此他们想要从反映他们所信仰的价值观的品牌那里购买东西。每个人都应该享受同样的时尚选择”。)”可推知，消费者在乎自己的价值观是否在品牌那里体现出来，因此他们更喜欢能体现自己价值观的品牌，故选B。
8．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In vides n scial media, the seats f the city’s metr are seen filled with bedbugs, tiny bldsucking insects n bigger than apple seeds.(在社交媒体上的视频中，可以看到城市地铁的座位上到处都是臭虫，这是一种不比苹果籽大的吸血昆虫。)”可知，臭虫和苹果籽差不多大。故选A。
9．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“If a traveler brings bedbugs back frm their hlidays, the insects can start an invasin that can be very difficult t shift.(如果一个旅行者度假后带回了臭虫，这些昆虫就会开始入侵，而且很难改变。)”可知，“②verseas travel helps them spread acrss the wrld(海外旅行帮助他们在世界各地传播)”是臭虫无处不在的原因；根据文章第四段“Bedbugs favr warm envirnments with plenty f dark places t hide. Cities, and crwded blcks f Hats, are ideal. The bugs shelter in the crannies(裂缝) f furniture, in mattress scams r in cracks in walls, cming ut t feed at night. Centrally heated hmes accelerate their life cycles, making the prblem wrse as des a warming climate. (臭虫喜欢温暖的环境，有很多黑暗的地方躲藏。城市和拥挤的街区是理想的选择。这些虫子躲在家具的缝隙、床垫的缝隙或墙壁的裂缝里，晚上出来觅食。集中供暖的房屋加速了它们的生命周期，使这个问题和变暖的气候一样变得更糟。)”可知“①warm cities prvide ideal envirnments fr them(温暖的城市为他们提供了理想的环境)” 是臭虫无处不在的原因；再根据文章第五段“Just as bacteria have evlved resistance t many f the antibitics that used t kill them, mdern bedbugs are almst free frm at least sme insecticides.(正如细菌已经进化出对许多用来杀死它们的抗生素产生抗药性一样，现代臭虫几乎不受至少一些杀虫剂的影响。)”可知，“④they’ve becme resistant t sme chemical insecticides(它们对某些化学杀虫剂产生了抗药性)”也是臭虫无处不在的原因。故选C。
10．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists are therefre turning t ther methds f attack. Diatmaceus earth can kill the bugs by desiccating them. Certain ils can blck the pres thrugh which they breathe. Temperatures abve 45°Care als effective. Sme firms ffer t heat-treat affected furniture in insulated tents. Such treatments are expensive, hwever.(因此，科学家们正在转向其他攻击方法。硅藻土可以通过干燥来杀死细菌。某些油脂会堵塞它们赖以呼吸的毛孔。温度高于45°c护理也有效。一些公司提供在隔热帐篷中对受影响的家具进行热处理。然而，这种治疗是昂贵的。)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了一些消灭臭虫的可替代方法，然而这些方法都是昂贵的。故选A。
11．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“New insecticides, t which the bugs have n resistance, culd prbably be invented. But fr nw, at least, says Base, the market des nt exist t justify much crprate research. And since the bugs d nt spread diseases, public health bdies have mre pressing pririties. If bedbugs cntinue t spread, thugh, their fcuses culd start t shift.(可能会发明新的杀虫剂，这些杀虫剂对臭虫没有抵抗力。但至少就目前而言，博斯说，市场的存在不足以证明企业研究的合理性。由于这些虫子不会传播疾病，公共卫生机构有更紧迫的优先事项。然而，如果臭虫继续传播，他们的重点可能会开始转移。)”可判断，作者对于防治臭虫的新型杀虫剂的前景是不确定的。故选B。
12．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“During the summer mnths, when the days are lng and the sun is bright, reindeer’s tapetum lucidum (荧光膜), a mirrr-like layer at the back f their eye, appears glden, which helps bunce the majrity f light ff the eyes, effectively acting like a pair f natural sunglasses. As winter cmes, and the days becme shrter and darker, the tapetum lucidum turns blue t absrb mre light, allwing reindeer t imprve their night visin and see clear in lw light cnditins. (在夏季的几个月里，白天变长，阳光充足，驯鹿眼睛后部的镜面状的荧光膜呈现出金色，有助于反射眼睛上的大部分光线，有效地起到一副天然太阳镜的作用。随着冬天的到来，白天变短变暗，荧光膜变成蓝色以吸收更多的光线，这使得驯鹿能够提高他们的夜视能力，在弱光条件下也能看得更清楚)”可知，夏季阳光充足时驯鹿眼睛中的荧光膜呈金色，反射大部分光线，冬季阳光减少时荧光膜呈蓝色，吸收更多的光线。由此可知，荧光膜帮助驯鹿适应季节变化。故选C项。
13．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“This UV visin enables them t spt fd and predatrs mre effectively in the snwy landscape. (这种紫外线视觉使它们能够在雪地里更有效地发现食物和捕食者)”可知，紫外线视觉让驯鹿在雪天更好地定位食物和天敌。故选D项。
14．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文“In winter, the cllagen fibers becme packed tighter, causing the tapetum lucidum t mainly reflect blue light. (在冬天，胶原纤维变得更紧，导致荧光膜主要反射蓝光)”和下文“In summer, the reindeer’s pupils return t a smaller size, which helps reindeer reduce the amunt f light entering the eye. (在夏天，驯鹿的瞳孔会变小，这有助于驯鹿减少进入眼睛的光线量)”可知，此处描述驯鹿眼睛中荧光膜在冬季和夏季的工作机制，夏季时瞳孔会变小，减少进入眼睛的光线量。由此推知，冬天瞳孔会变大，增加进入眼睛的光线量，dilate意思应该是“扩大”，与expand意思相近。故选B项。
15．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Tday, the increasing use f artificial lighting, especially during the winter mnths, pses a ptential threat t their sensitive eyes. It can make reindeer lse their way, affecting their ability t survive in their challenging envirnment. S it is crucial fr us t be mindful f ur use f electricity and make effrts t minimize light pllutin t ensure the well-being and survival f these magnificent creatures. (如今，人工照明的使用越来越多，尤其是在冬季，这对它们敏感的眼睛构成了潜在的威胁。它会使驯鹿迷失方向，影响它们在恶劣环境中的生存能力。因此，对我们来说至关重要的是要注意我们的用电，努力减少光污染，以确保这些出色生物的健康和生存)”可推知，本段主要说明人工照明的使用对驯鹿敏感的眼睛构成了潜在的威胁，呼吁我们保护驯鹿免受光污染。故选A项。
16．答案：①-⑤FAEGC
解析：①根据下一段内容“Yet the admiral’s brader pint is universal: “whether yu are a sailr, a salespersn r a CEO, if yu make yur bed every mrning yu will have accmplished the first task f the day. ” His cmmencement speech went viral.(然而，这位海军上将更广泛的观点是普遍的：“无论你是水手、销售人员还是首席执行官，如果你每天早上整理床铺，你就完成了这一天的第一个任务。”他的毕业演讲在网上疯传。)”可知，这位海军上将认为每天早上整理床铺就完成了这一天的第一个任务。选项F“If yu want t change the wrld, start ff by making yur bed.(如果你想改变世界，从整理你的床铺开始。)”正是这位海军上将毕业典礼上的原文，故选F。
②根据上文的“The reasn thse busy peple never stp mving is because their cnstant mvement generates further mmentum(动能). And this is, bviusly, easier said than dne especially if yu find a task unpleasant. The mre bjectinable smething seems, the mre time yu spend thinking abut just hw awful it is. That in turn makes yu even less likely t brach(谈论) it and s n.(那些忙碌的人从不停止运动的原因是他们不断地运动产生了进一步的动力。显然，这说起来容易做起来难，尤其是当你发现一项任务令人不愉快时。越是令人反感的事情，你花在思考它有多糟糕上的时间就越多。这反过来又使你更不可能提出这个问题，以此类推。)”可知，上文主要分析了为什么拖延。选项A“Being aware f this severe circle des nt guarantee yu will break ut f it.(意识到这个严重的循环并不能保证你会跳出来。)”是上文内容的延续，同时引出下文“But it is, well, a start.(但这只是一个开始。)”故选A。
③根据上文“And if yu still find yurself aviding things n yur t-d list that make yu anxius, invlving thers can help(如果你仍然发现自己在避免待办事项清单上让你焦虑的事情，让其他人参与进来会有所帮助。)”可知，当你发现自己很难开始的时候，你可以让别人参与进来。选项E“Discussing tasks with clleagues can suppress(压制) the tendency t avid the parts f yur jb yu like the least.(与同事讨论任务可以抑制你逃避工作中你最不喜欢的部分的倾向。)”与上文内容一致，指的是可以和同事讨论任务，这样可以帮助我们早点开始。故选E。
④根据空后“Bridging that gap can be difficult, even when yu knw full well that if yu d, the dreaded task will n lnger lurk at the back f yur mind like an unwanted squatter.(弥合这种差距是很困难的，即使你很清楚，如果你这样做了，可怕的任务将不再潜伏在你的脑海里，就像一个不受欢迎的占据者。)”可推测，空处应该提及一种差距。选项G“Prcrastinatin(拖延) lies between lgic and emtin, between ambitin and achievement.(拖延存在于逻辑与情感之间，野心与成就之间。)”提到了逻辑与情感之间，野心与成就之间的差距。与下文内容相一致。故选G。
⑤根据上文“Mst wrkplace decisin s are nt nearly as cnsequential, but firms can still suffer material(实质性的)lsses if emplyees put ff tasks and decisins.(大多数工作场所的决定都没有那么重要，但如果员工推迟任务和决定，公司仍然会遭受重大损失。)”可知，上文提到的是工作上拖延的严重性。选项C“S if that email arrives first thing in the mrning, read it and reply—even if that means leaving yur bed unmade.(所以，如果那封邮件是你早上第一件要做的事，那就阅读并回复——即使这意味着你要把床弄乱。)”与上文内容一致，指的是工作上的事情优先考虑，不一定每天都是从整理床铺开始。故选C。
17．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Zu不折不扣地执行了。A. letter信件；B. limitatin限制；C. guidance指导；D. degree度数、程度。根据上文“Like many yung Chinese, Zu had been raised frm a yung age t be “a gd student”. As lng as she fllwed the rules and wrked hard, mney and success wuld naturally fllwed.”以及下文“She aced exam after exam, winning a place at a prestigius cllege in Beijing.”可知，Zu一直很听话，所以一直在不折不扣的执行好学生的标准。考查短语“t the letter”，意为“严格地、丝毫不差地”，符合句意。故选A。
18．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当Zu发出了大量的求职申请时，她不仅没有找到自己喜欢的职位；她没有收到任何工作邀请。A. land降落、得到；B. miss错过；C. ccupy占据；D. play玩。Zu发出了很多求职信，但是并没有得到自己喜欢的职位。故选A。
19．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当Zu发出了大量的求职申请时，她不仅没有找到自己喜欢的职位；她没有收到任何工作邀请。A. jb工作；B. ffer提议；C. applicatin申请、运用；D. respnse回复。她并未得到工作邀约。故选B。
20．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：对Zu来说，这次失败是一个沉重的打击。A. blw打击；B. surprise惊讶；C. expectatin期待；D. experience经历。根据下文“Being a high flier, she was emtinally unprepared fr such a setback. She struggled with anxiety fr mnths”可知，这次失败对她而言是一个沉重的打击。故选A。
21．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月来，她一直在焦虑中挣扎：无法入睡，内疚不堪重负，不得不反复向父母和老师道歉。A. impressed使有印象；B. verwhelmed打击、压倒；C. filled填充；D. buried埋葬。根据上文“unable t sleep”以及下文“feeling cmpelled t repeatedly aplgize t her parents and teachers”可知，她的内心被内疚所击垮。故选B。
22．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位前老师的宠儿已经转变为她所谓的“好学生心态”的热情批评者。A. supprter支持者；B. example例子；C. critic评论家；D. expert专家。根据下文“In January, Zu set up a grup n Duban named “Victims f the Gd Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passinate fllwing.”可知，Zu开始批判这种好学生心态。故选C。
23．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：像Zu这样的“好学生”往往特别容易受到心理健康问题的影响。A. abslutely绝对地；B. seldm很少；C. less更少；D. particularly尤其地。高成就者更容易焦虑。由此可知，Zu这样的好学生特别容易受到心理健康问题的影响。故选D。
24．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：连续的研究发现，高成就者比普通人更容易焦虑、抑郁。A. get rid f摆脱；B. suffer frm遭受；C. live up with忍受；D. get ver克服。Zu这样的好学生更容易有精神上的问题。由此可知，高成就者更容易焦虑。故选B。
25．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是因为像Zu这样的高成就者经常过度依赖外部认可来支持他们的自尊，使他们无法应对挫折。A. external外部的；B. flexible灵活的；C. psitive积极的；D. special特别的。高成就者会依赖外部认可来支持他们的自尊。故选A。
26．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，学生们将外部世界的评价标准作为自己的自我评价标准。A. develp发展；B. adpt领养、采纳；C. withdraw撤退；D. transfrm改变。高成就者会依赖外部认可来维持自尊，也就是说，他们会将外部世界的评价标准作为自我评价的标准。故选B。
27．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，各种各样的年轻人都可能成为“好学生心态”的受害者。A. avid避免；B. we欠；归功于；C. fall落下、成为；D. change改变。根据空后的“In January, Zu set up a grup n Duban named “Victims f the Gd Student Mentality,” and it has quickly attracted a passinate fllwing.”可知，很多人都成为好学生心态的受害者。考查短语：fall victim t，意为“成为……的受害者”。故选C。
28．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，在中国的教育体系中，越来越多的人认识到学生焦虑是一个严重的问题。A. recgnitin认可、意识到；B. cncern担忧；C. situatin形势；D. fear害怕。越来越多的人认识到学生焦虑是个严重的问题。故选A。
29．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：上海一位姓董的老师表示，“好学生心态”正变得越来越普遍，表现良好、内向的孩子不断寻求表扬和奖励，以此来增强他们的自尊。A. penly公开地；B. cntinuusly持续地；C. hpefully充满希望地；D. anxiusly焦虑地。这些孩子是在不断地寻求表扬和奖励。故选B。
30．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：上海一位姓董的老师表示，“好学生心态”正变得越来越普遍，表现良好、内向的孩子不断寻求表扬和奖励，以此来增强他们的自尊。A. rise上升；B. bst提高、增加；C. advance前进；D. upgrade升级、提高。这些孩子需要外部的认可来增强自尊。故选B。
31．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们达不到学校极高的标准，就有可能引发情绪崩溃。A. breakut爆发；B. breakdwn崩溃；C. breakup破裂；D. breakthrugh突破。这些孩子一旦达不到学校的极高标准，就会情绪崩溃。故选B。
32．答案：①Evlving②an③written④physician⑤where⑥widely⑦but⑧despite⑨mysterius⑩has grwn
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意：针灸源于人们发现用石针刺入身体表面的特定穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状，已经成为中医不可分割的一部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的理念。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作状语，对acupuncture作补充说明，evlve和acupuncture逻辑上是主动关系，应用evlve的现在分词形式，且空处位于句首，evlving的首字母需大写。故填Evlving。
②考查冠词。句意：针灸源于人们发现用石针刺入身体表面的特定穴位可以缓解疼痛和症状，已经成为中医不可分割的一部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的理念。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且integral的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
③考查非谓语动词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁所著的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475—221年）的一位医术高超的医生扁鹊，曾用针刺激昏迷者头上的百会穴，使一位王子“死而复生”。分析句子可知，空处作Recrds f the Grand Histrian的非限制性后置定语，是非谓语动词，write和Recrds f the Grand Histrian逻辑上是被动关系，且动作已完成，应用write的过去分词形式。故填written。
④考查名词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁所著的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475—221年）的一位医术高超的医生扁鹊，曾用针刺激昏迷者头上的百会穴，使一位王子“死而复生”。分析句子可知，空处作句子的主语，结合“a highly skilled”可知，名词physician“医生”符合题意，需用单数形式。故填physician。
⑤考查定语从句。句意：根据中医的说法，人体有十几个经络，在这些经络中，气或生命能量循环以滋养器官。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词meridians作补充说明，关系词替代先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
⑥考查副词。句意：今天，针灸在中国仍被广泛使用。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词used，wide的副词形式widely符合题意，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。
⑦考查连词。句意：然而，这种做法不仅具有文化和历史意义，而且是今天广泛使用和研究的一种医疗技术。根据“nt just”可推知，此处用固定句型nt just…but…表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
⑧考查介词。句意：多年来，尽管针灸在治疗许多疾病方面有明显的疗效，但很少有令人信服的研究解释穴位刺激是如何起作用的，或者从解剖学上讲，什么是经络，所以这项技术总是显得有些神秘。此处提及针灸有一些明显的疗效，但缺少令人信服的研究，前后有让步关系，且空后为名词短语，因此用意为“尽管，即使”的介词despite。故填despite。
⑨考查形容词。句意：多年来，尽管针灸在治疗许多疾病方面有明显的疗效，但很少有令人信服的研究解释穴位刺激是如何起作用的，或者从解剖学上讲，什么是经络，所以这项技术总是显得有些神秘。分析句子可知，空处作seemed的表语，mystery的形容词形式mysterius符合题意，意为“神秘的”。故填mysterius。
⑩考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，随着近年来针灸科学研究的发展，产生了高质量的结果，这项技术在世界范围内得到了关注。分析句子可知，空处作as引导的从句的谓语，时间状语为in recent years，时态应用现在完成时，且主语research不可数，助动词用has。故填has grwn。
33．答案：Dear judges and students,
When it cmes t whether high schl students shuld be ffered a career planning curse, I firmly believe it’s necessary. Career planning helps students understand their interests and strengths better, which can guide them twards a fulfilling future. It als enables them t make infrmed decisins n their academic path and ptential career ptins. Therefre, I strngly suggest incrprating it int cmpulsry curses. This culd be dne thrugh wrkshps, seminars, and guest speakers, ffering students valuable infrmatin and guidance thrughut their academic jurney.
All in all, I’m cnfident that the curse will benefit students in their future endeavrs.
解析：1. 词汇积累
提供：ffer→give/prvide
必要的：necessary→essential/indispensable
长处：strength→edge/advantage
使能够：enable→allw/empwer
宝贵的：valuable→precius
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Therefre, I strngly suggest incrprating it int cmpulsry curses.
拓展句：Therefre, I strngly suggest that it shuld be incrprated int cmpulsry curses.
[高分句型1] When it cmes t whether high schl students shuld be ffered a career planning curse, I firmly believe it’s necessary. (运用了When引导时间状语从句、whether引导宾语从句、that引导宾语从句并被省略)
[高分句型2] Career planning helps students understand their interests and strengths better, which can guide them twards a fulfilling future. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
34．答案： My parents and I hurried t the hspital. My dad was taken t the perating rm after all kinds f tests, leaving Mm and I waiting anxiusly utside. Three hurs’ waiting seemed like a life time during which my mther kept cmfrting me by saying, “Yur dad said everything will be just fine!” When the dr was pushed pen and the dctr tld us the gd news, my mm burst int tears. Three weeks after that, my dad culd leave the hspital, but he still needed extra attentin at hme, which I was respnsible fr, since my mm had t wrk utside every day.
I had t take n s many respnsibilities at hme. Husehld chres and the care fr my dad tk up mst f my day, leaving little time fr my studies. Thugh I was tired ut every day after attending t my dad, I still tried t squeeze ut sme precius time t make up fr sme missing lessns till late night. Every day my dad tld me the same thing, “Dear, everything will be just fine!” After six mnths, my dad made a full recvery and I graduated with the best grades in fur years. Time has stlen s much f ur family’s happiness, but it’s still the mst imprtant.“Dear, everything will be just fine!
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我和父母急忙赶到医院。”以及第二段首句内容“我不得不在家里承担很多责任。”可知，第一段可描写经过检查，父亲手术成功且出院回家。
②由第二段首句内容“我不得不在家里承担很多责任。”可知，第二段可描写作者承担了更多的责任，同时也成长了。
2.续写线索：作者即将进入高中，一切都很顺利——然而，一天，作者得知自己的父亲肝脏衰竭需要接受移植手术——然而，一直都没有配型成功的肝脏——作者也开始焦虑，成绩也开始下降——突然，传来了好消息，作者的父亲可以接受手术了——手术成功了，但是后续的恢复需要作者一家更多的付出——作者的妈妈需要外出工作，照顾父亲的责任落在了作者身上——作者一边照顾父亲一边也开始真正长大
3.词汇激活
行为类
①突然哭了起来：burst int tears/burst ut crying
②占据：take up/ccupy
③负责：be respnsible fr/take the respnsibility fr
情绪类
①焦虑地：anxiusly/with anxiety
②开心：happiness/jy
【高分句型1】When the dr was pushed pen and the dctr tld us the gd news, my mm burst int tears.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Thugh I was tired ut every day after attending t my dad, I still tried t squeeze ut sme precius time t make up fr sme missing lessns till late night.（运用了thugh引导的让步状语从句）