江西省重点中学2024届高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份江西省重点中学2024届高三下学期第一次联考英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Are yu ready t g big, bright and bld the last night f the year?
If s, these destinatins arund the wrld have a well-deserved reputatin fr thrwing a great New Year’s Eve gala.
Bangkk
Bangkk ften cmes t mind when travelers seek ut Asia’s best nightlife cities. S it’s a natural place t ring in the new year if yu like crwds, bright lights, nise and carnivals.
Yu may want t cntinue the celebratin at ne f Bangkk’s stunning bars such as Sky Beach Bangkk, the city’s highest bar, r Sircc, als set high abve the bustling streets.
Ri de Janeir
If yu want t greet a new year with abut 3 millin ther suls in a warm beach resrt with strng Brazilian atmsphere, head t Ri de Janeir.
The main gathering at Cpacabana Beach, which starts even befre dark, traditinally features a variety f musical acts and firewrks. If yu want t party in classic Ri style, pay a visit t Jbi Bar. It’s a scial institutin in the city, having been pen since the 1950s.
New Yrk City
Times Square in Manhattan - it’s synnymus with New Year’s Eve acrss the United States. Even if yu haven’t been there in persn fr the 10-9-8 cuntdwn, there’s a gd chance that yu’ve watched the famus ball drp n televisin.
If yu dn’t feel like jamming int Times Square with what must feel like half f all humanity, set ff firewrks and fun at Grand Army Plaza, which is just ff Prspect Park in Brklyn.
1．What d the three spts have in cmmn?
A. Yu can see the ball drp.
B. Yu can experience the Brazilian atmsphere.
C. Yu can be surrunded by masses f peple.
D. Yu can appreciate the firewrks all night lng.
2．What can yu experience in Ri de Janeir?
A. A river cruise.B. Musical perfrmances.
C. Firewrks frm hilltps.D. Delicius fd in classic Ri style.
3．Where are Americans mst likely t g n New Year’s Eve?
A. Jbi Bar.B. Times Square.
C. Prspect Park.D. Cpacabana Beach.
“Mm?” eched my daughter’s vice n my phne. “I’ve messed up.” My heart sank and I started trembling. I heard a man instructing her t lie dwn and my 15-year-ld daughter, Briana, was at a skiing cmpetitin with my husband tw hurs away, and I was in my car, picking up her sister Aubrey, wh is 13, frm dance class. Over the phne, I heard Briana crying and shuting, “Help me!’ My bld ran ice cld and my legs turned t jelly.
“Yu need t pay $1m if yu want t see her again,” the man threatened. I didn’t have that kind f mney, s agreed t give him $50,000. N part f me questined whether this was actually real — every instinct within me was screaming ut t d anything t save my daughter’s life.
Cming ut f class t hear what the emergency was abut, Aubrey was thrwn int a panic t. One f the mthers wh had been calling 911 suspected it was an AI scam which used vice clnes generated by artificial intelligence, ne f the latest techniques used by criminals hping t swindle peple ut f mney.
But I just culdn’t accept it. I wuldn’t have mistaken abut my daughter’s vice. Eventually, my husband cnfirmed Briana’s safety, t my relief. But I was devastated t hear that the plice nly cnsidered this a fake call, and wuldn’t investigate it because n ne had been hurt and n mney had been taken. They said there had been many reprts f them recently…
Reuniting with the family, we held tgether, grateful fr ur safety. It’s said that all yu need is three secnds f audi t cpy a persn’s vice. I’m nervus abut hw new technlgy like AI can be used t harm children. Having seen first-hand hw scary these things can be, I am determined t prtect my family and thers frm similar threats in the future.
4．What did the mther feel when she received the call?
A. Frightened.B. Relieved.C. Frustrated.D. Annyed.
5．What d we knw abut the call?
A. It threatened the daughters’ life.
B. It was cnfirmed by the husband.
C. There are many successful reprts f them recently.
D. There was a lack f evidence fr the plice t take actin.
6．What will the authr d cncerning AI after the incident?
A. Embrace AI withut cautin.B. Mind the future harm f AI.
C. Rely mre n AI fr safety measures.D. Questin the rle f AI in the incident.
7．Wh is mst likely t be the target f AI scam accrding t the text?
A. Middle schl students wh like streaming vides.
B. Grandparents wh like watching sap peras n TV.
C. Parents wh share vides f their children n Tiktk.
D. Yung peple wh are addicted t nline vide games.
There are a mass f myths abut reindeer, and at least ne f them is true: They live in far-ff areas that get plentiful snw. Living in that winter wnderland can be a challenge when yur favrite fd is white, but scientists have been aware f fr a while that reindeer’s visin is peculiar and that they can detect ultravilet light (紫外线), which can directly pass thrugh eyes’ tissues and make cntact with the retina (视网膜) in reindeer but can be harmful t human eyes.
One ptential explanatin fr its special visin is prtectin frm predatrs. A white wlf n snw might be difficult t be seen fr human but appear darker t a reindeer due t the reflectin f ultravilet light by snw and absrptin by the wlf’s hair. That als applies t finding fd. Fr reindeer, their diet is mstly cmprised f lichens (地衣), sme f which are white and can get cvered in snw. S a research team fcused n the particular lichens that reindeer eat t figure ut hw the rganisms’ interactin with light affected hw the reindeer wuld see them. Dminy explained that, just like the wlves, the lichens pp ut against the white snw fr a reindeer lking arund fr fd.
What is likewise vital fr reindeer is that an extra layer in their retinas adjusts in the winter — when it’s snwy and dark — t becme mre sensitive t that ultravilet light. Rbert Fsbury, a retired astrphysicist wh nw studies the relatinship between light and life, said that extra layer is cmmn amng many animals, but nt its variability. Reindeer visin is very special in that it’s really the nly animal that is knwn t dramatically change its visual capabilities between the winter and the summer.
There’s still mre t learn abut the reindeer’s eyes, like whether eating thse lichens can even prtect them against ptential damage frm the ultravilet light. In the meantime. Dminy said ne definite way yu and yur kids can keep thse special eyes healthy is with vitamin C, which has been shwn t shield eyes frm ultravilet light damage.
8．Which statement regarding ultravilet light is true?
A. It can hardly pass right thrugh reindeer eyes and cntact with retina.
B. Its damage t human eyes can be healed thrugh Vitamin
C. When snwy and dark, it is mre easily detected by reindeer retina.
D. It des harm t bth reindeer eyes and human eyes.
9．Why d the lichens pp ut against the white snw fr the reindeer?
A. The lichens absrbs ultravilet light reflected by snw.
B. The lichens are familiar t the reindeer.
C. The clr f the lichens is the same as the snw.
D. Extra layer in reindeer retinas adjusts because f the ultravilet light.
10．What des the underlined wrd in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Changeability.B. Reliability.C. Stability.D. Capability.
11．What is the main idea f this passage?
A. Reindeer eyes can adjust with the help f ultravilet light.
B. The uniqueness f reindeer eyes aids them t find fd in the snw.
C. Ultravilet light can help reindeer t survive in the snw.
D. The retina f reindeer is different frm that f humankind.
With the first lunar landings back in the 60s, it can be hard t grasp why the mn remains such a tugh destinatin. Recently the Vulcan Centaur rcket sent the Peregrine spacecraft n the perfect flight fr its landmark missin t the mn. The success prmpted a “Yee-haw!” frm Try Brun, the chief executive f a private cmpany which built the rcket: this was the Vulcan’s first flight, a flawless launch. But it wasn’t lng befre the md shifted, the cmpany fund the spacecraft was leaking fuel, withut which the chances f landing sftly n the mn rapidly fell t zer.
One fundamental challenge, says Jan Wörner, a frmer directr general f the Eurpean Space Agency (Esa), is weight, as spacecraft must be lightweight fr successful flights. Plus, unlike mass-prduced systems, spacecraft lack standardized designs, making each missin unique. Once psitined in space, they perate independently with n pprtunity fr repair.
Testing, then, is critical. While rckets can be put thrugh their paces, the ptins are mre limited fr spacecraft. Tests can check whether pwer, navigatin, cmmunicatins and instruments wrk, and spacecraft are shaken t ensure they can endure the intense vibratins f launch, but there is n gd way t simulate (模拟) a mn landing. “It is much harder t qualify a lunar lander than many ther space systems,” says Dettmann, Esa’s lunar explratin grup leader.
Despite its 70 years f institutinal knwledge and culture geared twards designing, building and testing spacecraft, NASA, hwever, is lking t cut dwn n csts and stimulate the US space industry by paying private cmpanies, such as Astrbtic and the Hustn-based Intuitive Machines, t deliver its instruments t the mn.
The cmprmise is a greater risk f failure. “These cmpanies are all relatively new. And cmpared t NASA, they are ding these missins n pcket change,” says Dr Jshua Rasera. a research assciate at Imperial Cllege Lndn. But the strategy shuld pay ff, he says, because cmpanies learn frm their failures. “It still ends up being cheaper ver the ttal number f missins,” he says, “even if the first few maybe crash.”
12．What prmpted a psitive reactin frm Try Brun after the Vulcan Centaur rcket’s launch?
A. Its flawless landing.B. Its successful navigatin.
C. Its first flight achievement.D. Its perfect fuel cnsumptin.
13．Why is it mre difficult in qualifying a lunar lander cmpared t ther space systems?
A. Lack f testing ptins.B. Difficulty in spacecraft design.
C. Limited institutinal knwledge.D. Intense vibratins during launch.
14．What is Jshua Rasera’s attitude tward private cmpanies?
A. Dismissive.B. Unclear.C. Critical.D. Apprving.
15．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Mn: Why a Tugh Destinatin.
B. Private Cmpanies: Lessns t Learn.
C. Mn Missin: T Leave r t Cntinue.
D. Vulcan’s First Flight: A Flawless Launch.
二、七选五
16．If yu are easily distracted r unable t cncentrate, yu’re nt alne. Accrding t a recent Psychlgical Assciatin pll, nearly tw in five adults reprt that when they are stressed, they can’t bring themselves t d anything. ① _________. Hwever, there are sme ways yu can ptimize t imprve yur cncentratin.
● Priritize yur health and wellness.
② _________ , yur cncentratin is best. Keep yur bld sugar and energy balanced thrughut the day by taking micr breaks fr self-care. Yu will have difficulty cncentrating if yu are verwrked and burned ut.
●③ _________
If yu want t set yu up fr success fr the rest f the day, make it a rule t d smething abut self-care in the mrning. Set yur alarm 20—30 minutes earlier and take a few mments when yu wake up t jurnal, have yur cffee ut in nature, d sme stretching, make yur bed, r set yur intentins fr the day. Research shws that a disruptin in yur mrning rutine has ripple effects thrughut the day.
● Structure yur day.
Designate perids f time fr different tasks r activities and cmmit t thse bundaries. Be sure t schedule in time fr self-care and time t access the supprt yu need s yu can recharge yur batteries and maintain fcus. ④ _________ .
● Silence yur inner sabteur (怠工者).
We all have that vice in ur head that puts us dwn and verwhelms us with negative thughts. ⑤ _________ . It is als better t replace that vice with self-care and self-affirmatin, which will imprve self-esteem and self-cnfidence s that we are mre cnfident in ur ability t fcus and achieve ur gals.
A. Frm a mrning habit
B. If yu devte mre effrts t study
C. In this way, we will becme depressed
D. Allw time t transitin between activities
E. Hwever, we can turn a deaf ear t it gradually
F. When yu have prper sleep, nutritin and wrk-life balance
G. Stress causes frgetfulness and impacts the ability t cncentrate
三、完形填空（15空）
My wife, Hannah, and I dn’t usually keep huseplants. But after my 1 with the terminal brain cancer, I lved the idea f having smething new and green arund.
My friend Mitch gave me what he said was a lucky bamb plant in a deep-green pttery bwl. 2 the plant gave me a sense f accmplishment at a time when I smetimes felt 3 . Since my diagnsis, I had t rely n help frm thers. Watering the plant, small act as it was, cnnected me t a cre part f my ld 4 and taught me I culd still be a caregiver.
Over the next few mnths, I recvered 5 surgery. And the bamb had nearly dubled in height and its leaves were shiny and lush. Then, 6 , n matter what I did, the leaves kept brwning and 7 t the flr. I grew mre and mre 8 and uneasy. I culdn’t 9 the feeling that the plant had becme a 10 f my wn health. Its fallen leaves might signal the 11 f my brain cancer.
Later, I realized I had wrngly cnnected my nurturing f the plant with my wn survival, ver which I had n 12 . As my anxiety lessened, fllwing the nline 13 , I transplanted the bamb t a larger pt t give it mre rm t grw. It began t thrive again.
If the plant 14 me, I hpe it will cmfrt Hannah and remind her that ur large cmmunity will cntinue t 15 her after I am gne.
17．A. illnessB. cnditinC. diagnsisD. suffering
18．A. Turning tB. Lking intC. Grwing upD. Tending t
19．A. helplessB. uselessC. hpelessD. meaningless
20．A. identityB. persnalityC. qualityD. quantity
21．A. againstB. inC. tD. frm
22．A. neverthelessB. therefreC. mreverD. hence
23．A. drppingB. landingC. decreasingD. filling
24．A. ptimisticB. frustratedC. wrthlessD. annyed
25．A. frgetB. feelC. mveD. shake
26．A. signatureB. cincidenceC. symblD. mark
27．A. rebirthB. reccurrenceC. requestD. review
28．A. limitB. cntrlC. degreeD. right
29．A. cnstructinsB. estimatinsC. instructinsD. descriptins
30．A. survivesB. thrivesC. strivesD. dives
31．A. imprveB. develpC. nurtureD. grw
四、短文填空
32．Jingdezhen, ① _________ (knw) as China’s “prcelain capital”, gave the cuntry nt nly centuries f great internatinal influence, but als② _________ (it) English name “china”. The wrd “china” was actually the transliteratin (音译) f Changnan, an ancient name f③ _________ Chinese prcelain capital frm where the Eurpeans imprted a lt f prcelain④ _________ was first called “white gld”. ⑤ _________ (eventual), they tk t calling the whle cuntry by prcelain’s name, China.
Jingdezhen began t prduce prcelain as early as the 6th century AD, and it witnessed rapid increase⑥ _________ prductin during the Sng Dynasty. It was in 1004⑦ _________ the Sng Emperr Zhenzng renamed the twn as Jingdezhen accrding t his reign name (年号) and demanded that all imperial prcelain in the cuntry⑧ _________ (make) in Jingdezhen. Hwever, because f excessive prductin during this perid, the white clay in Jingdezhen was sn exhausted.
But luckily, a new type f clay was discvered in Jingdezhen’s surrunding⑨ _________ (area) in the early Yuan dynasty. This new clay is called Kalin clay⑩ _________ (feature) high density and it can stand temperatures as high as 1, 300 degrees Celsius during firing, making the prcelain “as white and smth as jade and as thin as a piece f paper, and able t prduce a crisp sund as a chime”.
五、书面表达
33．假定你是李华，在学校最近举办的英语配音比赛中获得一等奖，即将参加颁奖典礼，请你写一篇英语获奖感言。
内容包括：1. 感谢认可和帮助；2. 参赛感悟：3. 继续进步。
注意：1. 字数80个左右；2. 开头已为你写好。
英语配音比赛English Fun Dubbing Cmpetitin
Dear judges, teachers and fellw students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After my husband had left ur family unexpectedly, I struggled t secure a jb in the cmpany t keep the rf ver ur heads. It was ging t be the wrst Christmas ever. After rearranging bills, there wuld be maybe fifty dllars left t spend n my three children. Never in my life had there been s little mney fr Christmas. I stayed up at night making a few gifts s that the space under the tree wuld nt be s bare.
My lder sn, Justin, sixteen at the time, had tld me weeks befre that he did nt want anything fr Christmas. My middle child, Tristan, was nly nine years ld, and he was unaware f ur situatin. Numerus times, Tristan mentined that he wanted a prtable CD player fr Christmas. Frtunately, this particular item had drpped in price, and I wuld manage t affrd it.
The week befre Christmas, we went t Walmart t pick up a few fd items. My heart fell when I saw the Angel Tree shining, full f tags f children’s wishes. It had been ur traditin t g t this stre, pick tags, ff the tree and buy gifts fr children in need. In return, the wishes f my wn children wuld be n that tree t, the names and the address enclsed (附上) accrdingly. While I was thinking that, my yunger children ran tward the Angel Tree. If I was wrried befre, I was terrified nw. Hw was I ging t explain ur situatin withut making them feel like Christmas was ging t be hrrible?
As quickly as I culd, I caught up with them. The yungest, Gerrie, was nly six, and she really did nt understand the meaning f the tree. T her, it was just anther Christmas tree. My ldest gave me a lk f hrrr, knwing what was ging t happen next. Tristan ran enthusiastically arund the Angel Tree, glancing frm tag t tag, lking fr smething.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
“Lk, Mm, I fund it.” Tristan was hlding a tag, grinning frm ear t ear.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hwever, Tristan still ended up with the CD player he desired that year.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Bangkk中关键句“S it’s a natural place t ring in the new year if yu like crwds, bright lights, nise and carnivals.(因此，如果你喜欢人群、明亮的灯光、噪音和狂欢节，那么这里是迎接新年的自然之选)”，Ri de Janeir中关键句“If yu want t greet a new year with abut 3 millin ther suls in a warm beach resrt with strng Brazilian atmsphere, head t Ri de Janeir.(如果你想在温暖的海滩度假胜地和300万人一起迎接新的一年，那就去里约热内卢吧)”及New Yrk City中关键句“If yu dn’t feel like jamming int Times Square with what must feel like half f all humanity, set ff firewrks and fun at Grand Army Plaza, which is just ff Prspect Park in Brklyn.(如果你不想和一半的人挤在时代广场，那就在布鲁克林展望公园旁边的陆军广场放烟花，尽情享受吧)”可知，这三处的共同点是你可能会被一大群人包围。故选C项。
2．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Ri de Janeir中关键句“The main gathering at Cpacabana Beach, which starts even befre dark, traditinally features a variety f musical acts and firewrks.(科帕卡巴纳海滩的主要聚会甚至在天黑之前就开始了，传统上以各种音乐表演和烟花为特色)”可知，在里约热内卢可以体验音乐表演。故选B项。
3．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据New Yrk City中关键句“Times Square in Manhattan - it’s synnymus with New Year’s Eve acrss the United States.(曼哈顿时代广场——它是美国新年前夜的代名词)”及“If yu dn’t feel like jamming int Times Square with what must feel like half f all humanity, set ff firewrks and fun at Grand Army Plaza, which is just ff Prspect Park in Brklyn.(如果你不想和一半的人挤在时代广场，那就在布鲁克林展望公园旁边的陆军广场放烟花，尽情享受吧)”可推知，美国人在新年前夕最有可能去时代广场。故选B项。
4．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“My heart sank and I started trembling. (我的心一沉，开始颤抖)”和“My bld ran ice cld and my legs turned t jelly. (我的血液变得冰冷，我的腿紧张得发软)”可知，作为母亲的作者接到电话后感到非常害怕。故选A项。
5．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“But I was devastated t hear that the plice nly cnsidered this a fake call, and wuldn’t investigate it because n ne had been hurt and n mney had been taken. (但当我听说警方只是认为这是一个假电话，因为没有人受伤，也没有钱被拿走，所以不会调查这件事时，我非常震惊)”可知，因为缺乏证据，警方无法对该电话采取行动。故选D项。
6．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I’m nervus abut hw new technlgy like AI can be used t harm children. Having seen first-hand hw scary these things can be, I am determined t prtect my family and thers frm similar threats in the future. (我很担心像人工智能这样的新技术会被用来伤害儿童。目睹了这些事情有多可怕，我决心在未来保护我的家人和其他人免受类似的威胁)”可知，在这件事之后，作者决定要留心人工智能未来的危害。故选B项。
7．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’s said that all yu need is three secnds f audi t cpy a persn’s vice. (据说你只需要三秒钟的音频就能复制一个人的声音)”可知，复制一个人的声音需要至少三秒钟的音频。由此推知，在抖音上分享孩子视频的父母最有可能成为人工智能骗局的目标。故选C项。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Living in that winter wnderland can be a challenge when yur favrite fd is white, but scientists have been aware f fr a while that reindeer’s visin is peculiar and that they can detect ultravilet light (紫外线), which can directly pass thrugh eyes’ tissues and make cntact with the retina (视网膜) in reindeer but can be harmful t human eyes.(当你最喜欢的食物是白色的时候，生活在冬日仙境可能是一个挑战，但科学家们已经意识到驯鹿的视力很特殊，它们可以探测到紫外线，紫外线可以直接穿过驯鹿的眼睛组织并与视网膜接触，但对人类的眼睛有害。)”以及第三段中“What is likewise vital fr reindeer is that an extra layer in their retinas adjusts in the winter — when it’s snwy and dark — t becme mre sensitive t that ultravilet light.(对驯鹿来说同样重要的是，它们的视网膜上额外的一层在冬天进行调整——当下雪和黑暗的时候——对紫外线更敏感。)”可知，当下雪和天黑时，驯鹿的视网膜更容易检测到紫外线。故选C。
9．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。由文章第二段中“A white wlf n snw might be difficult t be seen fr human but appear darker t a reindeer due t the reflectin f ultravilet light by snw and absrptin by the wlf’s hair. That als applies t finding fd. Fr reindeer, their diet is mstly cmprised f lichens, sme f which are white and can get cvered in snw. S a research team fcused n the particular lichens that reindeer eat t figure ut hw the rganisms’ interactin with light affected hw the reindeer wuld see them. Dminy explained that, just like the wlves, the lichens pp ut against the white snw fr a reindeer lking arund fr fd. (雪地上的白狼对人类来说可能很难看到，但对驯鹿来说，由于雪反射紫外线和狼的毛发吸收，白狼的颜色会更暗。这也适用于寻找食物。对于驯鹿来说，它们的食物主要由地衣组成，其中一些是白色的，可以被雪覆盖。因此，一个研究小组专注于驯鹿吃的特定地衣，以弄清楚这种生物与光线的相互作用如何影响驯鹿看到它们的方式。多米尼解释说，就像狼一样，地衣在白雪的衬托下为四处寻找食物的驯鹿突然冒出来。)”可知，地衣吸收雪反射的紫外线，从而造成了与雪不同的颜色，导致地衣似乎会在白色的雪地上为驯鹿而冒出来一样，很容易被驯鹿看到。故选A。
10．答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。由文章第三段中划线词所在句下文“Reindeer visin is very special in that it’s really the nly animal that is knwn t dramatically change its visual capabilities between the winter and the summer. (驯鹿的视觉非常特别，因为它是唯一已知的在冬季和夏季之间视觉能力发生巨大变化的动物。)”可知，驯鹿的视觉具有可变性；由此可知，“Rbert Fsbury, a retired astrphysicist wh nw studies the relatinship between light and life, said that extra layer is cmmn amng many animals, but nt its variability.(退休的天体物理学家罗伯特·福斯伯里(Rbert Fsbury)现在正在研究光与生命之间的关系，他说，在许多动物中，额外的一层是很常见的，但不是它的variability。)”中的划线词variability的含义是“可变性”，此句指的是“在许多动物中，额外的一层是很常见的，但是视觉能力具有可变性不常见。A. Changeability可变性，变动性；B. Reliability可靠性；C. Stability稳定性；D. Capability能力。故选A。
11．答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“There are a mass f myths abut reindeer, and at least ne f them is true: They live in far-ff areas that get plentiful snw. Living in that winter wnderland can be a challenge when yur favrite fd is white, but scientists have been aware f fr a while that reindeer’s visin is peculiar and that they can detect ultravilet light (紫外线), which can directly pass thrugh eyes’ tissues and make cntact with the retina (视网膜) in reindeer but can be harmful t human eyes. ( 当你最喜欢的食物是白色的时候，生活在冬日仙境可能是一个挑战，但科学家们已经意识到驯鹿的视力很特殊，它们可以探测到紫外线，紫外线可以直接穿过眼睛组织，与驯鹿的视网膜接触，但对人类的眼睛有害。)”可知，文章主要介绍了驯鹿眼睛的独特性帮助它们在雪地里寻找食物。故选B。
12．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The success prmpted a “Yee-haw!” frm Try Brun, the chief executive f a private cmpany which built the rcket: this was the Vulcan’s first flight, a flawless launch.(这一成功促使制造火箭的一家私营公司的首席执行官托里·布鲁诺发出了“呀呼！”：这是火神号的首次飞行，是一次完美的发射)”可知，托里·布鲁诺在火箭成功发射后做出了积极反应，是因为这是火神号的首次飞行，是一次完美的发射。故选C。
13．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Testing, then, is critical. While rckets can be put thrugh their paces, the ptins are mre limited fr spacecraft. Tests can check whether pwer, navigatin, cmmunicatins and instruments wrk, and spacecraft are shaken t ensure they can endure the intense vibratins f launch, but there is n gd way t simulate (模拟) a mn landing.(因此，测试至关重要。虽然火箭可以进行测试，但航天器的选择更为有限。测试可以检查电力、导航、通信和仪器是否工作，航天器是否受到震动，以确保它们能够承受发射时的强烈振动，但没有好的方法来模拟登月)”可知，与其他太空系统相比，使月球着陆器具备资格更困难的原因在于测试选项有限。故选A。
14．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“But the strategy shuld pay ff, he says, because cmpanies learn frm their failures. “It still ends up being cheaper ver the ttal number f missins,” he says, “even if the first few maybe crash.”(但他表示，这一战略应该会有回报，因为公司会从失败中吸取教训。“它最终仍然比任务总数花费少，”他说，“即使前几次可能会失败。”)”可知，Jshua Rasera认为私营公司可以从失败中吸取教训，推测其对私营公司的态度是赞同的。故选D。
15．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“With the first lunar landings back in the 60s, it can be hard t grasp why the mn remains such a tugh destinatin.(随着60年代首次登月，很难理解为什么月球仍然是一个如此艰难的目的地)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了月球仍然是一个艰难的目的地的原因，所以“月球：为什么是一个艰难的目的地”适合作为文章标题。故选A。
16．答案：①-⑤GFADE
解析：①前文“If yu are easily distracted r unable t cncentrate, yu’re nt alne. Accrding t a recent Psychlgical Assciatin pll, nearly tw in five adults reprt that when they are stressed, they can’t bring themselves t d anything. (如果你很容易分心或无法集中注意力，你不是一个人。根据心理协会最近的一项民意调查，近五分之二的成年人表示，当他们感到压力时，他们无法让自己做任何事情)”表明因压力导致无法做事情的情况在成年人中很普遍，因此G项“Stress causes frgetfulness and impacts the ability t cncentrate (压力会导致健忘，影响集中注意力的能力)”符合语境，解释压力对人的负面影响，承接前文，其中的Stress和前文的stressed呼应，cncentrate在前文有同词复现。故选G。
②后文“yur cncentratin is best. Keep yur bld sugar and energy balanced thrughut the day by taking micr breaks fr self-care. (你的注意力是最好的。通过微休息实现自我照顾，保持你的血糖和能量一整天的平衡)”建议要有休息，保持良好健康状态，因此F项“When yu have prper sleep, nutritin and wrk-life balance (当你有适当的睡眠、营养以及工作与生活的平衡)”符合语境，说明这种情况下注意力最佳，引出后文的建议，其中的sleep和后文的micr breaks呼应，balance和后文的balanced呼应。故选F。
③空处是段落标题，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式。根据后文“If yu want t set yu up fr success fr the rest f the day, make it a rule t d smething abut self-care in the mrning. Set yur alarm 20—30 minutes earlier and take a few mments when yu wake up t jurnal, have yur cffee ut in nature, d sme stretching, make yur bed, r set yur intentins fr the day. (如果你想让自己在接下来的一天里都能成功，那就在早上做一些自我照顾的事情。把闹钟调早20到30分钟，醒来的时候花点时间写日记，在户外喝杯咖啡，做些伸展运动，整理床铺，或者设定一天的目标)”可知，本段主要建议养成稍微早起做一些有益活动的习惯，因此A项“Frm a mrning habit (养成早上的习惯)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选A。
④前文“Designate perids f time fr different tasks r activities and cmmit t thse bundaries. Be sure t schedule in time fr self-care and time t access the supprt yu need s yu can recharge yur batteries and maintain fcus. (为不同的任务或活动指定时间段，并遵守这些时间段。一定要安排好自我照顾的时间和获得所需支持的时间，这样你就可以给自己充电，保持专注)”建议划分并遵守不同的时间段，留出自我照顾、获得支持的时间，因此D项“Allw time t transitin between activities (在活动之间留出过渡时间)”符合语境，建议安排好过渡时间，承接前文，其中的activities在前文有同词复现。故选D。
⑤前文“We all have that vice in ur head that puts us dwn and verwhelms us with negative thughts. (我们的脑海中都有这样的声音，它让我们沮丧，让我们被消极的想法淹没)”描述我们内心有变得沮丧消极的声音，后文“It is als better t replace that vice with self-care and self-affirmatin, which will imprve self-esteem and self-cnfidence s that we are mre cnfident in ur ability t fcus and achieve ur gals. (用自我照顾和自我肯定来代替这种声音也更好，这将提高自尊和自信，这样我们就会对自己专注和实现目标的能力更有信心)”给出解决这种情况更好的方法，因此E项“Hwever, we can turn a deaf ear t it gradually (然而，我们可以逐渐对它置若罔闻)”符合语境，指出应忽视这种声音，承接前文，后文和选项内容是递进关系，其中的it指代前文的that vice。故选E。
17．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在我被诊断出患有晚期脑癌之后，我喜欢周围有一些新鲜绿色的东西的想法。A. illness疾病；B. cnditin条件；C. diagnsis诊断；D. suffering遭受。根据后文“with the terminal brain cancer”指作者被诊断患了癌症。故选C。
18．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我有时感到无用的时候，照料这株植物给了我一种成就感。A. Turning t求助于；B. Lking int调查；C. Grwing up长大；D. Tending t照顾。根据后文“the plant gave me a sense f accmplishment”此处指照顾朋友送来的植物给了作者成就感。故选D。
19．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我有时感到无用的时候，照料这株植物给了我一种成就感。A. helpless无助的；B. useless无用的；C. hpeless绝望的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据后文“Since my diagnsis, I had t rely n help frm thers.(自从我被确诊后，我不得不依靠别人的帮助)”可知，作者因为要依靠别人的帮助感到自己无用。故选B。
20．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：给植物浇水，虽然是件小事，却把我和我过去身份的一个核心部分联系起来，让我知道我仍然可以成为一名照顾者。A. identity身份；B. persnality个性；C. quality质量；D. quantity数量。根据后文“taught me I culd still be a caregiver.”可知，照顾植物让作者能和过去的身份联系在一起，让作者想起自己仍然可以成为一名照顾者。故选A。
21．答案：D
解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我从手术中恢复过来。A. against反对；B. in在里面；C. t朝着；D. frm来自。根据后文surgery指从手术中恢复，短语为recver frm。故选D。
22．答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，不管我怎么做，树叶还是不停地变黄，掉在地上。A. nevertheless然而；B. therefre因此；C. mrever此外；D. hence因此。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用nevertheless。故选A。
23．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，不管我怎么做，树叶还是不停地变黄，掉在地上。A. drpping落下；B. landing着陆；C. decreasing减少；D. filling装满。根据上文“the leaves kept brwning and”可知，树叶还是不停地变黄，掉在地上。故选A。
24．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我变得越来越沮丧和不安。A. ptimistic乐观的；B. frustrated沮丧的；C. wrthless无价值的；D. annyed生气的。根据后文“and uneasy”可知，植物的情况不容乐观，让作者感到沮丧。故选B。
25．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法摆脱这种感觉，这个植物已经成为我自己健康的象征。A. frget忘记；B. feel感觉；C. mve移动；D. shake摇晃，摆脱。根据后文“the feeling that the plant had becme a symbl f my wn health”可知，植物成为作者健康的象征，作者无法摆脱这种感觉，shake表示“摆脱”符合语境。故选D。
26．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我无法摆脱这种感觉，这个植物已经成为我自己健康的象征。A. signature签名；B. cincidence巧合；C. symbl象征；D. mark记号。根据后文“f my wn health”指植物已经成为作者自己健康的象征。故选C。
27．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的落叶可能是我脑癌复发的信号。A. rebirth复生；B. reccurrence复发；C. request要求；D. review复习。根据上文提到作者从手术中恢复，结合后文“f my brain cancer”可知，植物不断掉叶子让作者认为是自己癌症复发的信号。故选B。
28．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我意识到我错误地把培育这种植物与我自己的生存联系在一起，而这是我无法控制的。A. limit限制；B. cntrl控制；C. degree程度；D. right权利。根据后文“I had wrngly cnnected my nurturing f the plant with my wn survival”可知，作者不受控制地把培育这种植物与自己的生存联系在一起，故选B。
29．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我的焦虑减轻，我按照网上的说明，把竹子移植到一个更大的花盆里，给它更多的生长空间。A. cnstructins建设；B. estimatins判断；C. instructins说明；D. descriptins描述。根据后文“I transplanted the bamb t a larger pt t give it mre rm t grw.”可知，给植物换盆是因为参考了网上的说明。故选C。
30．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这株植物能在我死后存活下来，我希望它能安慰汉娜，并提醒她，在我死后，我们这个庞大的社区将继续帮助她。A. survives幸存；B. thrives兴旺；C. strives奋斗；D. dives暴跌。根据后文“after I am gne”可知，此处指植物比作者活得久，作者希望它可以安慰汉娜。故选A。
31．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这株植物能在我死后存活下来，我希望它能安慰汉娜，并提醒她，在我死后，我们这个庞大的社区将继续帮助她。A. imprve改善；B. develp发展；C. nurture培养，帮助；D. grw长大。根据上文“ur large cmmunity will cntinue t”此处指社区会在作者死后继续帮助作者的妻子汉娜。根据故选C。
32．答案：①knwn②its③the④which/that⑤Eventually⑥in⑦that⑧be made⑨areas⑩featuring
解析：①考查非谓语动词。句意：景德镇，被称为中国的“瓷器之都”，不仅给了这个国家几个世纪的巨大国际影响力，而且还给了它的英文名字“China”。本句谓语为gave，此处为非谓语动词，且Jingdezhen与knw“知道”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。knwn as“被称为”。故填knwn。
②考查代词。句意：景德镇，被称为中国的“瓷器之都”，不仅给了这个国家几个世纪的巨大国际影响力，而且还给了它的英文名字“China”。此处用形容词性物主代词its“它的”，作定语，修饰English name。故填its。
③考查冠词。句意：“china”这个词实际上是Changnan的音译，Changnan是中国瓷器之都的一个古老名字，欧洲人从那里进口了大量瓷器，最初被称为“白金”。此处Chinese prcelain capital后为定语从句修饰Chinese prcelain capital，为特指Chinese prcelain capital，应用定冠词the。故填the。
④考查定语从句。句意：“china”这个词实际上是Changnan的音译，Changnan是中国瓷器之都的一个古老名字，欧洲人从那里进口了大量瓷器，最初被称为“白金”。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是Chinese prcelain capital，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/ that引导。故填which/ that。
⑤考查副词。句意：最终，他们开始用瓷器的名字来称呼整个国家——中国。此处用副词eventually“最终”，作状语，修饰句子，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Eventually。
⑥考查介词。句意：景德镇早在公元6世纪就开始生产瓷器，并在宋代见证了产量的快速增长。此处用介词in，表示“在……方面”。故填in。
⑦考查强调句型。句意：公元1004年，宋真宗根据国号将景德镇更名为景德镇，并要求全国所有的御用瓷器都要在景德镇制造。本句用强调句型：“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”。被强调部分为in 1004。故填that。
⑧考查虚拟语气。句意：公元1004年，宋真宗根据国号将景德镇更名为景德镇，并要求全国所有的御用瓷器都要在景德镇制造。demand的宾语从句，谓语用“shuld+动词原形”，shuld可以省略。且all imperial prcelain与make“制造”为主动关系，应用过去分词，且位于shuld后，用be made。故填be made。
⑨考查名词。句意：但幸运的是，元朝早期在景德镇周边地区发现了一种新型粘土。area“地区”为可数名词，结合句意可知，地区不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作宾语。故填areas。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：这种新型黏土被称为高岭土，具有高密度，在烧制过程中可以承受高达1300摄氏度的温度，使瓷器“像玉石一样洁白光滑，像纸一样薄，能发出像编钟一样清脆的声音”。本句谓语为is called，此处为非谓语动词，且Kalin clay与feature“以……为特色”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语。故填featuring。
33．答案：Dear judges, teachers, and fellw students,
I feel privileged t receive the first prize in the English Fun Dubbing Cmpetitin. This award is nt nly a recgnitin f my effrts, but als a testament t the hard wrk and dedicatin f my teammates and the guidance f ur teachers.
The prcess f preparing fr the cmpetitin has been a rewarding experience that has allwed me t grw int a fluent English speaker as well as a creative thinker. This award belngs t everyne wh has supprted me all the way. Withut their belief in me, I wuld nt be where I am tday.
I will cntinue t strive t imprve my English skills and share my lve fr the language with thers. Thank yu all fr being a part f my jurney.
解析：1.词汇积累
荣幸的：privileged→hnured
指导：guidance→ instructin
值得的：rewarding→ wrthwhile
热爱： lve →enthusiasm
2.句式拓展
陈述句变倒装句
原句：This award is nt nly a recgnitin f my effrts, but als a testament t the hard wrk and dedicatin f my teammates and the guidance f ur teachers.
拓展句：Nt nly is this award a recgnitin f my effrts, but als a testament t the hard wrk and dedicatin f my teammates and the guidance f ur teachers.
【高分句型1】The prcess f preparing fr the cmpetitin has been a rewarding experience that has allwed me t grw int a fluent English speaker as well as a creative thinker.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Withut their belief in me, I wuld nt be where I am tday.（运用了虚拟语气）
34．答案： “Lk, Mm, I fund it.” Tristan was hlding a tag, grinning frm ear t ear. “Fund what, hney? ” I asked. “This by wants the same thing fr Christmas-a CD player.” Tristan replied, his eyes twinkling with excitement. Lking at his inncent face, I felt a lump in my thrat. I bent dwn and explained that we culdn’t fllw the Angel Tree traditin this year. T my astnishment, Tristan lked me straight in my eye and said with determinatin, “Mm, I dn’t need anything. Can we just buy a CD player fr this kid? ” A sudden surge f pride verwhelmed me n hearing my wrds. Thrugh teary eyes, I helped him pick ut a CD player and mailed it right away.
Hwever, Tristan still ended up with the CD player he desired that year. On Christmas mrning, pening the dr, we sptted a mysterius gift awaiting us there-a CD player. Attached t it was a nte that read, “What we give, we will truly receive.” With the unexpected gift in his hands, Tristan’s eyes filled with tears f gratitude, but he simply smiled warmly and said nthing. Nw, at twenty-three, Tristan still hlds nt the memry f that Christmas as ne f the best ever. It’s a reminder that the spirit f giving and kindness can bring jy and fulfillment nt nly t thers but als t urselves.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““看，妈妈，我找到了。” Tristan拿着一个标签，笑得合不拢嘴。”可知，第一段可描写Tristan找到了一个标签，这个标签的主人跟他有着同样的礼物需求。于是Tristan主动放弃自己的圣诞礼物，要求妈妈给这个孩子买一台CD播放器。
②由第二段首句内容“然而，Tristan还是在那一年得到了他想要的CD播放器。”可知，第二段可描写Tristan意外收到礼物后的激动与感激，以及这个圣诞节给作者带来的思考。
2.续写线索：读标签——Tristan放弃自己的愿望——要求妈妈为他人买——意外收到礼物——激动——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回答：reply/answer
②选择：select/chse/pick ut
③看见：spt/ntice/catch sight f
情绪类
①惊讶：astnishment/surprise
②感激：gratitude/appreciatin
[高分句型1] Tristan replied, his eyes twinkling with excitement.（运用了独立主格结构）
[高分句型2] Attached t it was a nte that read, “What we give, we will truly receive.”（运用了完全倒装结构）
[高分句型3] It’s a reminder that the spirit f giving and kindness can bring jy and fulfillment nt nly t thers but als t urselves.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）