2024年高考第二次模拟考试：英语（江苏卷） （解析版）

这是一份2024年高考第二次模拟考试：英语（江苏卷） （解析版），共24页。
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What des the wman d?
A．She is a teacher.B．She is a dctr.C．She is a bank clerk.
【答案】A
【原文】W: D yu wrk near here?
M: Yes, I d. I wrk at a bank. What abut yu?
W: I teach at the schl next t N.1 hspital.
2．Where is the wman ging with her children?
A．T Japan.B．T Australia.C．T Canada.
【答案】A
【原文】M: Are yu ging t spend the summer in Australia?
W: N, I planned t g t Canada, but my children begged me t take them t Japan. I agreed.
3．What are the speakers discussing?
A．The time t spare between talks.
B．The questins t ask after talks.
C．The number f talks t give.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Jack, I was just lking at the schedule. These talks seem t clse tgether. Push each talk back at least ten minutes.
M: I frgt there’s suppsed t be enugh time fr questins after each talk.
4．What aspect f “Natinal Gegraphic” appeals t the wman?
A．Latest news.B．Diverse tpics.C．Unique viewpints.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Hey, have yu read the latest issue f “Reader’s Digest”? It’s great fr creative and unique viewpints.
W: Thanks! I prefer “Natinal Gegraphic” fr mre wide ranging tpics. Maybe I’ll check ut “Reader’s Digest” t.
5．Why is the man stressed ut?
A．He has t assess his perfrmance.
B．He hasn’t tried his best all semester.
C．He has t prepare a lt in a limited time.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Hw d yu feel abut the final assessment this semester?
M: I’m a bit nervus. There’s s much t cver and nly s little time left t prepare.
W: I knw what yu mean. Just d yur best and I’m sure yu’ll be kay.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
【听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。】
6．What did the man d last Saturday?
A．He studied a lt.B．He jined a club.C．He went camping.
7．Why d peple jin “Flash Play”?
A．T experience a crisis.B．T make friends.C．T earn mney.
【答案】6．C 7．B
【原文】W: Hi, Tm. What did yu d last Saturday?
M: I camped ut in the suburbs f Beijing by jining a making-friend grup.
W: Oh, really? It is s called “Flash Play”?
M: Yeah. I had dubt abut it befre. But nw, I think it is a gd way t make friends.
W: Abslutely. Sme f my friends have such experiences. But I prefer t g ut by myself.
M: Ha ha, yu are ut. Nw it is ecnmic crisis. Everyne wants t save mney but als wants t g ut fr fun. “Flash Play” can keep yur mney in yur pcket. If yu are upset, maybe they can make yu happy.
【听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。】
8．What will the by d n Saturday?
A．G shpping.B．Have a picnic.C．Stay at hme with friends.
9．What will the wman buy fr the by tmrrw?
A．Salads.B．Pies.C．Sausages.
【答案】8．B 9．B
【原文】M: Mm, d yu remember yu prmised I culd invite sme friends fr a picnic n Saturday?
W: Yes, f curse. I’ve already dne all the shpping fr it. I’ve gt burgers and sausages. And I’ve bught lts f salads, t.
M: D yu remember we wanted t have sme pies as well?
W: I didn’t buy any but I think we have sme in the fridge. I’ll just have a lk. Hmm, well, we’ve gt ne pie, but I think I’d better get sme mre. I’ll g t the supermarket tmrrw.
M: Thanks, Mm.
【听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。】
10．What did Adriana create?
A．A bicycle.B．A cmputer.C．A generatr.
11．Hw did Adriana get the idea f her prject?
A．Frm the Internet.B．Frm her father.C．Frm a designer.
12．What was the nly prblem Adriana faced?
A．She lacked fund.
B．She was in need f supprt.
C．She culdn’t find suitable materials.
【答案】10．C 11．A 12．A
【原文】M: Tday I’m talking with 15-year-ld Adriana Brwn. She built her wn bicycle generatr. Adriana, can yu tell us abut yur prject? Hw did yu get started?
W: Well, I’ve helped my dad with sme f his prjects. But I decided I wanted t d my wn prject this time. S I researched ideas n the Internet. I decided n a bicycle generatr because it’s really useful. I can use it t pwer my cmputer.
M: S, hw did yu build it?
W: First, I fund plans fr generatrs. I chse a simple design and made a first draft f the prject. Then, my dad made sme suggestins and I made anther draft. After that, I started t lk fr materials. The nly prblem was that I didn’t have a lt f mney, s it was difficult!
M: S, what did yu d?
W: Well, I went t a bicycle shp and a car repair shp. I tld them abut my prject. They gave me sme extra parts.
M: Oh, that was nice.
W: Yeah, it really was… When I gt all the materials, I was ready t put it all tgether.
M: Well, I think it’s great. Very impressive!
【听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。】
13．What des the man plan t d?
A．Take a lcal trip.B．Visit the Stadium.C．Attend a winter camp.
14．Wh nce wrked as a vlunteer at this year’s Winter Olympics?
A．Tm.B．Jack.C．Susan.
15．Hw des the wman feel abut the invitatin at first?
A．Curius.B．Hesitant.C．Uninterested.
16．Why des the wman change her mind in the end?
A．Because she can learn hw t ski.
B．Because her friend will g there t.
C．Because they will save a lt f mney.
【答案】13．B 14．B 15．C 16．B
【原文】M: Hw amazing Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics are! D yu think s, Linda?
W: Yu can say that again, Tm! I like the pening ceremny mst. Did yu g there t watch any game?
M: N, but my friend Jack Ma was a vlunteer there. As the event is ver, visitrs are allwed t g int the Stadium. He invited us t visit it and ther sprting venues next weekend.
W: That desn’t appeal t me. It’s freezing cld. Besides, I have just cme back frm a winter camp.
M: Yu have been expecting t learn hw t ski. Nw it is the perfect time.
W: But I have planned t take a lcal trip, which is mney-saving.
M: Cme n. Jack tld me there is an awesme ice lake, beautiful snw, and varius winter sprts. He has already reserved a htel fr us nearby.
W: Well, I can’t say n. But I have already agreed t d smething with my friend Susan at that time.
M: She’s ging, t.
W: Really? Then…I guess I’ll g.
【听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。】
17．What can we say abut Rsemary’s mther?
A．She was mentally sick.B．She was very helpful.C．She did lve her daughter.
18．What was Rsemary’s father ding that day?
A．He was lking fr her mther.
B．He was preparing a meal fr his kids.
C．He was taking his wife t the hspital.
19．What happened t Rsemary?
A．She lst her parents.B．She lst her hands.C．She lst her legs.
20．Which f the fllwing can best describe Rsemary?
A．Talented.B．Beautiful.C．Independent.
【答案】17．A 18．A 19．B 20．C
【原文】W: Rsemary was an independent girl. One day, her father went ut t lk fr his wife wh had sme truble with her mind, leaving her alne at hme. She tried t prepare meals fr her parents. But she turned ver the lamp n the stve and caused a big fire. The terrible fire tk her hands away. Thugh her sister was always ready t help her, Rsemary was determined t be cmpletely independent. At schl, she studied hard. Mst imprtant f all, she was hpeful abut her life. Once, she wrte the fllwing in her cmpsitin, “I’m lucky. Thugh I lst my hands, I still have my legs. I am lucky. Thugh my wings are brken, my heart can still fly.”
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Interested in learning a new language but dn’t knw where t start? Here are the best nline language learning curses we’ve put tgether fr yur reference.
Rsetta Stne
Price: $ 7.99 per mnth — $ 199 ne-time payment
Number f languages: 28
Rsetta Stne has lng been knwn as the g-t service fr new language learners. It ffers lessns that are shrt enugh t cmplete each day, but lng enugh t actually get smething ut f. Rsetta Stne’s interface is generally easy t use, and its lessns include reading, writing, speaking and listening, all in ne lessn. Yu can als chse t subscribe t a mnthly payment r purchase a lifetime license.
Duling
Price: Free — $ 6.99 per mnth
Number f languages: 36
Duling has risen as a serius cmpetitr t Rsetta Stne ver the past few years. The service is perhaps best knwn fr its Andrid and iOS apps, and thse apps are available fr free — which makes it easy t practice yur chsen language withut having t make a serius cmmitment. Alternatively, yu can sign up fr Duling Plus, which remves ads, ffers ffline curses, and mre. Many cnsider Duling t be better fr thse wh want t practice a language rather than learn frm the very beginning.
Babbel
Price: $ 6.95 per mnth — $ 12.95 per mnth
Number f languages: 14
Lking fr a service t challenge yur language-learning skills? Babbel may be the way t g. Babbel is excellent at teaching phrases and wrds that yu’ll actually use n a day-t-day basis. The service is als relatively cheap, s if yu’re unsure if yu want t cmmit t learning a new language yet, the lw subscriptin prices ensure yu dn’t have t make a huge cmmitment.
Memrise
Price: $ 6.67 per mnth — $ 119.99 ne-time payment (extra 10% ff befre July)
Number f languages: 16
If yu learn best thrugh repetitin and flashcards, then Memrise may be the service fr yu. It’s relatively inexpensive, making it easier t sign up. Memrise isn’t necessarily the service fr thse wh want t learn a language frm scratch, but it’s a great learning aid, and gd fr thse wh already have a fundatin in language-learning.
21．What is TRUE abut Rsetta Stne?
A．It cvers the widest range f languages.
B．It is intended fr high-level learners.
C．It helps imprve multiple language skills.
D．It ffers a ne-mnth free trial.
22．Which curses are mre suitable fr peple with certain basis?
A．Rsetta Stne and Memrise.
B．Duling and Memrise.
C．Babbel and Rsetta Stne.
D．Babbel and Duling.
23．Hw much shuld yu pay if yu want t get a lifetime access t Memrise in May?
A．$ 119.99.
B．$ 129.50.
C．$ 107.99.
D．$ 199.
【答案】21．C 22．B 23．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个在线语言学习课程的相关信息。
21．细节理解题。根据“Rsetta Stne”部分中的“Rsetta Stne’s interface is generally easy t use, and its lessns include reading, writing, speaking and listening, all in ne lessn. (Rsetta Stne的界面通常很容易使用，它的课程包括阅读、写作、口语和听力，所有这些都在一个课程中。)”可知，Rsetta Stne有助于提高听、说、读、写多种语言技能。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据“Duling”部分的“Many cnsider Duling t be better fr thse wh want t practice a language rather than learn frm the very beginning. (许多人认为多Duling更适合那些想要练习一门语言而不是从头开始学习的人。)”以及“Memrise”部分中的“Memrise isn’t necessarily the service fr thse wh want t learn a language frm scratch, but it’s a great learning aid, and gd fr thse wh already have a fundatin in language-learning. (Memrise不一定是为那些想从头开始学习一门语言的人提供的服务，但它是一个很好的学习辅助工具，对于那些已经有语言学习基础的人来说是很好的。)”可知，Duling和Memrise更适合有一定基础的人群。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“Memrise”部分中的“Price: $6.67 per mnth — $119.99 ne-time payment (extra 10% ff befre July)(价格：每月6.67美元——一次性付款119.99美元（7月前再打九折）)”可知，一次性付款需要119.99美元，7月前再打九折；由此可知，你想五月份获得终身使用Memrise，应该一次性支付119.99*（1-10%）=$107.99美元。故选C。
B
Abut a dzen wmen have gathered as their instructr guides them thrugh the mves. “Backstrke!” Jean Bailey directs frm her chair, raising her arms high, as the wmen f Elk Ridge quickly begin arm rtatins. Everyne puts in tp effrt.
Bailey, wh is 102, has been teaching them fur times a week in the hallway f the secnd flr fr abut three years. “When I get ld, I’ll quit,” said Bailey. Sme f her regulars have arthritis (关节炎) that limits their mvements, but they can d the stretching exercises cmfrtably and benefit frm them, said Bailey, wh herself ften uses a walker.
“After attending the class, we’ve gtten pretty clse up there n ur flr. One f us wuld d smething fr anybdy. We really keep track f each ther,” Phyllis Black, 87, said. She lives dwn the hall frm Bailey; if she skips them, she feels stiff. “She’s a very nice neighbr, and she’s a gd friend als. She’s very talented.”
When her children were yung, Bailey became a flrist (花匠) — a practice she still enjys as a hbby. She buys artificial flwers and makes buquets (花束) fr the clubhuse and sme residents. Laura Stuart calls her the “queen bee”. “She brings her expertise in flral arrangements and is always ding beautiful arrangements,” Stuart said. “She brings that t us, and it’s just a blessing that she’s still here with us t even d such a cmplex type f flral arrangement.”
At Elk Ridge, residents can participate in fitness activities like a walking club, tai chi and wrking ut in a fitness rm. But Bailey’s ladies seem t prefer her class because f her warm and fun persnality, and the gentleness f the stretches fr peple wh have mbility challenges, says Sean Tran, peratins directr at Elk Ridge. “Mre than anything, her general utlk n life…is just remarkable,” he said abut Bailey. “She’s the nicest, mst thughtful, caring persn that I prbably ever met. Nthing is ging t stp her,” Tran said. “She’s ging t keep ging, n matter what. And thers lk at her and think: ‘If she can d this at 102, I can d this at my age, whatever it is.’”
24．What scene des the first paragraph describe?
A．A game practice.B．A dancing sessin.
C．A swimming training.D．A fitness class.
25．What is implied in Phyllis’s wrds abut the learners?
A．They have deepened the wmen’s friendship.
B．Sme wmen ften skip the exercise classes.
C．Old wmen are gifted in exercise.
D．Sme attendees feel stiff after the classes.
26．What des Laura think f Bailey?
A．She has a hbby f grwing flwers.
B．She is expert at arranging flwers.
C．She is a gd flrist.
D．She sells man-made flwers t thers.
27．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．Bailey rganizes varius activities,
B．Bailey makes her attendees stretch gently.
C．Bailey inspires ther peple t exercise.
D．Bailey remarks n the life f thers.
【答案】24．A 25．A 26．B 27．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了102岁的Bailey组织女士们每周做伸展运动的故事。
24．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Abut a dzen wmen have gathered as their instructr guides them thrugh the mves. ‘Backstrke!’ Jean Bailey directs frm her chair, raising her arms high, as the wmen f Elk Ridge quickly begin arm rtatins. Everyne puts in tp effrt.(大约有十几名妇女聚集在一起当她们的教练指导她们完成动作时。‘仰式！’当麋鹿岭的妇女们迅速开始旋转手臂时，Jean Bailey从椅子上指挥，高高举起双臂。每个人都全力以赴)”以及后文可知，第一段主要描述伸展运动中的一个锻炼动作。故选A项。
25．细节理解题。由文章第三段““After attending the class, we’ve gtten pretty clse up there n ur flr. One f us wuld d smething fr anybdy. We really keep track f each ther,” Phyllis Black, 87, said.(“上完课之后，我们已经离得很近了。我们中的一个会为任何人做点什么。我们真的彼此保持着联系，”87岁的菲利斯·布莱克说。)”可知，学习者加深了妇女之间的友谊。故选A项。
26．细节理解题。由文章第四段“She brings her expertise in flral arrangements and is always ding beautiful arrangements(她运用自己在插花方面的专业知识，总是做漂亮的插花)”可知， Bailey擅长插花。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“She’s ging t keep ging, n matter what. And thers lk at her and think: ‘If she can d this at 102, I can d this at my age, whatever it is.’(不管怎样，她都会坚持下去。其他人看着她，心想：“如果她102岁就能做到这一点，我这个年纪也能做到，不管是什么。”)”可推知， Bailey鼓励其他人锻炼身体。故选C项。
C
Mst f us have an unclear memry f learning abut the Pythagrean Therem (勾股定理) many years ag in math class.
If yu’re anything like us writer-types, that 2,000-year-ld therem went in ne ear, and immediately ut the ther! But fr tw students at St. Mary’s Academy in New Orleans, Luisiana, the therem presented a challenge they simply culdn’t resist taking n. As a reminder fr thse f us wh aren’t ptential mathematicians, the Pythagrean Therem is the basis f trignmetry (三角学). Fr ver 2,000 years, math schlars have stated it’s impssible t use trignmetry t prve the Pythagrean Therem because ding s wuld be circular lgic. In ther wrds, an idea cannt prve itself.
Calcea Jhnsn and Ne’Kiya Jacksn have challenged that cncept in their new abstract. The tw high schl senirs recently presented their abstract in frnt f the American Mathematical Sciety (AMS) at their annual sutheastern cnference. Unsurprisingly, they were the nly teenagers there in a sea f math schlars! Their abstract states, “We present a new prf f the Pythagrean Therem which is based n a fundamental result in trignmetry.” In plain English, that means Calcea and Ne’Kiya prved the therem using trignmetry after all, and withut using circular reasning.
Hw did a pair f teenagers slve a riddle that has stumped s many mathematicians befre them? Cuntless math schlars can d nthing facing this therem. Accrding t Calcea and Ne’Kiya, they have their teachers t thank!
The St. Mary’s schl slgan is “N Excellence Withut Hard Labr”, and they mean it! Bth girls say their teachers push them t think utside the bx and encurage them t discver new cncepts. “We have really great teachers,” Ne’Kiya said with a smile. Calcea is prud f herself and her friend fr ding smething n ther high schl students have ever dne.
28．What des the authr think f the Pythagrean Therem in paragraph 2?
A．It has t shrt a histry.B．It’s unattractive t writers.
C．It’s t academic t understand.D．It needs t be prved nce mre.
29．What did Calcea and Ne’Kiya d abut the therem in frnt f the AMS?
A．They prved it using trignmetry.B．They shwed it was based n trignmetry.
C．They said circular reasning culdn’t prve it.D．They intrduced a kind f thery similar t it.
30．What des the underlined wrd “stumped” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Helped.B．Excited.C．Puzzled.D．Changed.
31．What d Calcea and Ne’Kiya’s teachers ask them t d?
A．Think creatively.B．Act independently.
C．Study curiusly.D．Live thankfully.
【答案】28．B 29．B 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了两位青年Calcea Jhnsn和Ne’Kiya Jacksn提出了一个关于勾股定理的新证明，这个证明是基于三角学的一个基本结果。这个成就源于她们老师对她们的鼓励。
28．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“If yu’re anything like us writer-types, that 2,000-year-ld therem went in ne ear, and immediately ut the ther! (如果你和我们作家类型的人一样，这个2000年前的定理一只耳朵进，另一只耳朵出！)”可知，勾股定理对于作家类型的人没有吸引力。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Calcea Jhnsn and Ne’Kiya Jacksn have challenged that cncept in their new abstract. The tw high schl senirs recently presented their abstract in frnt f the American Mathematical Sciety(AMS) at their annual sutheastern cnference. (Calcea Jhnsn和Ne’Kiya Jacksn在他们的新抽象中挑战了这一概念。这两位高中毕业生最近在美国数学学会(AMS)的东南年度会议上展示了他们的摘要)”以及“Their abstract states, “We present a new prf f the Pythagrean Therem which is based n a fundamental result in trignmetry.” In plain English. that means Calcea and Ne’Kiya prved the therem using trignmetry after all, and withut using circular reasning. (他们的摘要是这样写的：“我们提出了一个关于毕达哥拉斯定理的新证明，这个证明是基于三角学的一个基本结果。”用简单的英语说。这意味着Calcea和Ne’Kiya终究是用三角学证明了这个定理，而不是用循环推理)”可知，这两位高中毕业生最近在美国数学学会(AMS)的东南年度会议上展示了他们的摘要，在摘要中她们用三角学证明了勾股定理。故选B。
30．词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Cuntless math schlars can d nthing facing this therem. (面对这个定理，无数数学学者束手无策)”可知，这个定理让无数数学学者束手无测，难以解开。所以，此处指的是“一个让人难住的谜团”。由此可知，划线词stumped与puzzled“使困惑”意思接近。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Bth girls say their teachers push them t think utside the bx and encurage them t discver new cncepts. (两个女孩都说，她们的老师鼓励她们打破常规思考，鼓励她们发现新概念)”可知，她们的老师鼓励她们打破常规思考，要有创新性思维。故选A。
D
In a new study, the researchers examined trends in subjective well-being (幸福) ver the curse f a lifespan based n 443 samples frm a ttal f 460,902 participants. “We fcused n changes in three central cmpnents f subjective well-being: life satisfactin, psitive emtinal states and negative emtinal states,” explains Prfessr Susanne Bücker.
The findings shw that life satisfactin decreased between the ages f 9 and 16, then increased slightly until the age f 70, and then decreased nce again until the age f 96. Psitive emtinal states shwed a general decline frm age 9 t age 94, while negative emtinal states fluctuated (波动) slightly between ages 9 and 22, then declined until age 60 and then increased nce again. The authrs identified greater median changes in psitive and negative emtinal states than in life satisfactin.
“Overall, the study indicated a psitive trend ver a wide perid f life, if we lk at life satisfactin and negative emtinal states,” Susanne Bücker cncludes. The researchers attribute (把……归因于) the slight decline in life satisfactin between the ages f 9 and 16 t, fr example, changes t the bdy and t the scial life that take place during puberty. Satisfactin rse again frm yung adulthd nwards. Psitive feelings tended t decrease frm childhd t late adulthd. In very late adulthd, all cmpnents f subjective well-being tended t wrsen rather than imprve. “This culd be related t the fact that in very ld peple, physical perfrmance decreases, health ften wrsens, and scial cntacts reduce; nt least because their peers pass away,” calculates the researcher.
The study highlights the need t cnsider and prmte subjective well-being with its varius cmpnents acrss the life, as the authrs f the study cnclude. Their findings culd prvide significant guidance fr the develpment f interventin prgrammes, especially thse aimed at maintaining r imprving subjective well-being late in life.
32．What is exactly the subject f the study?
A．Life satisfactin f the elderly.B．Trends in lifelng subjective well-being.
C．Ways t cntrl negative emtinal states.D．Factrs affecting psitive emtinal states.
33．When d all cmpnents f subjective well-being g wrse?
A．During childhd.B．In late adulthd.C．At middle age.D．In yung adulthd.
34．What is the psitive significance f this study?
A．Teaching t imprve physical perfrmance.
B．Giving suggestins n the lifetime increase.
C．Prviding a theretical basis fr healthy grwth.
D．Guiding t imprve the well-being f the elderly.
35．What’s the best title fr the text?
A．When des happiness matter mst t us?
B．What des subjective well-being cnsist f?
C．Why will we be mre psitive as we get lder?
D．Hw des subjective well-being develp ver the lifetime?
【答案】32．B 33．B 34．D 35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项有关终生主观幸福趋势的研究，可以帮助制定干预方案，为老年人主观幸福感的方案提供重要指导。
32．细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“In a new study, the researchers examined trends in subjective well-being (幸福) ver the curse f a lifespan based n 443 samples frm a ttal f 460,902 participants (在一项新的研究中，研究人员基于460902名参与者的443个样本，研究了主观幸福感在一生中的趋势)”可知，这项研究的确切主题是终生主观幸福的趋势。故选B。
33．细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“In very late adulthd, all cmpnents f subjective well-being tended t wrsen rather than imprve. (在成年后期，主观幸福感的所有组成部分都趋于恶化而不是改善)”可知，成年后期主观幸福感的所有组成部分都变糟糕。故选B。
34．细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Their findings culd prvide significant guidance fr the develpment f interventin prgrammes, especially thse aimed at maintaining r imprving subjective well-being late in life. (他们的研究结果可以为制定干预方案，特别是那些旨在维持或改善晚年主观幸福感的方案提供重要指导。)”可知，这项研究的积极意义是指导改善老年人的福祉。故选D。
35．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一项有关终生主观幸福趋势的研究。研究结果有助于制定干预方案，为老年人主观幸福感的方案提供重要指导。结合文章第一段讲到“In a new study, the researchers examined trends in subjective well-being (幸福) ver the curse f a lifespan based n 443 samples frm a ttal f 460,902 participants (在一项新的研究中，研究人员基于460902名参与者的443个样本，研究了主观幸福感在一生中的趋势)”，这篇文章最好的标题是“主观幸福感在一生中是如何发展的？”故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
As ur lives becme mre clsely cnnected with the digital age, it’s mre imprtant than ever t keep the spark f human cnnectins, a key part f which is making small talk. 36 Here’s hw t master the art f small talk.
The crnerstne f effective small talk lies in develping genuine interest. Genuine interest is abut actively seeking t understand the ther persn, valuing their perspectives and appreciating the uniqueness they bring t the cnversatin. 37
Small talk extends beynd spken wrds; it includes the art f bservatin. As yu engage in cnversatin, pay attentin t the speaker’s bdy language, facial expressins and tne f vice. 38 Being familiar with them nt nly helps yu navigate the cnversatin with sensitivity but als enables yu t establish a deeper cnnectin by respecting the slight differences f the ther persn’s cmmunicatin style.
Actually listening and cnnecting with smene is essential fr a cnversatin. By prviding yur undivided attentin, yu cnvey respect and interest in what the ther persn has t say. 39 Ask fllw-up questins t shw that yu value their insights. This depth f engagement lays the fundatin fr a mre meaningful cnnectin.
At the heart f successful small talk lies the authenticity (真实性) f yur engagement. Authenticity fsters a sense f trust and cnnectin, making the cnversatin mre meaningful and memrable. Avid the temptatin t prject an image r use scripted respnses. 40 In the wrld f small talk, authenticity is the key that unlcks the dr t deeper cnnectins and mre fulfilling interactins.
A．Instead, let yur true self shine thrugh.
B．Sme accessible tpics are great fr small talk.
C．Active listening invlves fully engaging with the speaker.
D．Fcus n understanding their viewpints beynd simply hearing wrds.
E．The signals prvide valuable insights int their emtins and intentins.
F．Small talk may be a gateway t building rich and meaningful relatinships.
G．By expressing authentic curisity, yu make the ther persn feel seen and heard.
【答案】36．F 37．G 38．E 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何掌握闲聊艺术的四种方法。
36．上文“As ur lives becme mre clsely cnnected with the digital age, it’s mre imprtant than ever t keep the spark f human cnnectins, a key part f which is making small talk.(随着我们的生活与数字时代联系越来越紧密，保持人际关系的火花比以往任何时候都更重要，其中一个关键部分就是闲聊。)”说明了闲聊能维系人际关系。选项F“闲聊可能是建立丰富而有意义的关系的途径。”进一步说明了闲聊的重要作用，承上启下，引出下文“Here’s hw t master the art f small talk.(下面是掌握闲聊艺术的方法。)”说明以下是与他人进行闲聊的方法。故选F项。
37．上文“The crnerstne f effective small talk lies in develping genuine interest. Genuine interest is abut actively seeking t understand the ther persn, valuing their perspectives and appreciating the uniqueness they bring t the cnversatin.(有效闲聊的基石在于培养真正的兴趣。真正的兴趣是积极地寻求理解对方，重视他们的观点，欣赏他们给谈话带来的独特性。)”说明有效的闲聊在于培养真正的兴趣，解释了真正的兴趣的含义，选项G“通过表达真实的好奇心，你让对方感到被关注和被倾听。”承接上文，是培养真正的兴趣的具体做法。G项中“authentic curisity”与空前的“Genuine interest”相呼应。故选G项。
38．上文“Small talk extends beynd spken wrds; it includes the art f bservatin. As yu engage in cnversatin, pay attentin t the speaker’s bdy language, facial expressins and tne f vice.(闲聊超越了口头语言；它包括观察的艺术。当你参与谈话时，注意说话人的肢体语言、面部表情和语调。)”说明了闲聊中观察谈话中的非语言信号，以及下文“Being familiar with them nt nly helps yu navigate the cnversatin with sensitivity but als enables yu t establish a deeper cnnectin by respecting the slight differences f the ther persn’s cmmunicatin style.(熟悉他们不仅有助于你敏感地驾驭对话，还可以通过尊重对方沟通风格的细微差异来建立更深层次的联系。)”说明了熟悉这些非语言信号的作用和益处，选项E“这些信号为了解他们的情绪和意图提供了有价值的见解。”起到承上启下的作用，选项E中“The signals”与空前的“the speaker’s bdy language, facial expressins and tne f vice”和空后的“them”相对应。故选E项。
39．上文“By prviding yur undivided attentin, yu cnvey respect and interest in what the ther persn has t say.(通过全神贯注，你表达了对对方所说的话的尊重和兴趣。)”说明全神贯注地倾听，对谈话很重要。以及下文“Ask fllw-up questins t shw that yu value their insights.(问一些后续问题来表明你重视他们的见解。)”说明在谈话中，交流必不可少。选项D“专注于理解他们的观点，而不仅仅是听他们说话。”与前后文的内容存在先后顺序，先认真倾听，再专注于理解别人的观点，最后再询问一些问题进行深度交流。故选D项。
40．上文“At the heart f successful small talk lies the authenticity (真实性) f yur engagement. Authenticity fsters a sense f trust and cnnectin, making the cnversatin mre meaningful and memrable. Avid the temptatin t prject an image r use scripted respnses.(成功的闲聊的核心在于你参与的真实性。真诚能培养一种信任感和联系感，使谈话更有意义，更令人难忘。避免投射形象或使用脚本回答的诱惑。)”说明闲聊时真实地参与进来，要真诚，而不是使用人设和套路。选项A“相反，让真实的自己闪耀出来。”与上文构成转折关系，在闲聊中，不能使用人设和套路，要真诚真实。故选A项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Years ag, I lived in the English midlands and wuld walk the same rute alng the lcal canal each evening. On winter mrnings, I wuld see the 41 sight f bird flcks dancing acrss the landscape, a distant cacphny (刺耳的嘈杂声) 42 abve the fields. They were jackdaws (寒鸦), the smallest member f the crw family.
Research led by Masters student Alex Dibnah asked: Why are jackdaws s lud when they 43 ? Then he began t wrk with a team. The team’s 44 was that the mrning calls might be a jackdaw versin f “ 45 ”. Each individual’s call might 46 as an “I’m in!” helping them crdinate(协调) their 47 .
T test this, the researchers artificially 48 call levels during the jackdaws’ mrning cacphny using speakers at their sleeping sites. When extra calls were played, the jackdaws 49 earlier, shwing they use calls as a check-in system.
Individual jackdaws 50 frm leaving with the flck because they get mre scial infrmatin like where t find fd, they can maximize their time spent finding fd, and they’re less 51 being attacked. This srt f decisin-making isn’t 52 t jackdaws — it’s been reprted in ther species as well.
S, the cacphny f jackdaws in the mrning is a clever slutin t 53 a large grup. If yu’re 54 by the nise, find cmfrt in the fact that the luder they get, the sner they’ll leave yu in 55 .
41．A．frighteningB．peacefulC．familiarD．unusual
42．A．fadingB．stppingC．changingD．rising
43．A．flyB．gatherC．appearD．return
44．A．evidenceB．theryC．experimentD．difficulty
45．A．fitting inB．breaking inC．stepping inD．signing in
46．A．resignB．cuntC．checkD．rank
47．A．mvementB．prgressC．gestureD．demand
48．A．createdB．gradedC．increasedD．maintained
49．A．settledB．leftC．escapedD．arrived
50．A．benefitB．learnC．sufferD．keep
51．A．in defense fB．in cntrl fC．at risk fD．at the sight f
52．A．cmmnB．essentialC．penD．unique
53．A．jiningB．rganizingC．masteringD．warning
54．A．btheredB．impressedC．surprisedD．fascinated
55．A．trubleB．wnderC．peaceD．charge
【答案】
41．C 42．D 43．B 44．B 45．D 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．B 50．A 51．C 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍由硕士生亚历克斯·迪布纳（Alex Dibnah）领导着做了一项关于为什么寒鸦聚集时声音大的研究。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在冬天的早晨，我会看到熟悉的景象，成群的鸟在风景中跳舞，远处的嘈杂声在田野上空升起。A. frightening令人害怕的；B. peaceful和平的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. unusual不同寻常的。根据上文“wuld walk the same rute alng the lcal canal each evening”可知，亚历克斯·迪布纳每天晚上都会沿着当地的运河走同样的路，所以他看到的是每天都会看见的熟悉的景象。故选C。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A. fading褪色；B. stpping停止；C. changing改变；D. rising上升。根据下文“abve the fields”可知，远处的嘈杂声在田野上空升起。故选D。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由硕士生亚历克斯·迪布纳领导着做的研究问道：为什么寒鸦聚集时声音这么大？A. fly飞；B. gather聚集；C. appear出现；D. return回来。根据下文“shwing they use calls as a check-in system”可知，寒鸦声音这么大是在它们早上聚集时发出的。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该团队的理论是，早上的叫声可能是寒鸦版的“签到”。A. evidence证明；B. thery理论；C. experiment实验；D. difficulty困难。根据下文“was that the mrning calls might be a jackdaw versin f “ 5 ” .”可知，接下来是亚历克斯·迪布纳先推测的理论结果。故选B。
45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：见第4题详解。A. fitting in适应；B. breaking in破门而入；C. stepping in迈进；D. signing in签到。根据下文“Each individual’s call might 6 as an “I’m in!” helping them crdinate(协调) their 7 .”和“shwing they use calls as a check-in system”可知，寒鸦早上的叫声可能是寒鸦版的“签到”。故选D。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个成员的喊叫都可以认为是“我加入了！”帮助他们协调行动。A. resign辞职；B. cunt计数，认为；C. check检查；D. rank排名。根据下文“as an “I’m in!””可知，这里指每个寒鸦成员的喊叫都被认为是“我加入了！”的信号。故选B。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第6题详解。A. mvement移动；B. prgress进步；C. gesture姿势；D. demand要求。根据下文“When extra calls were played, the jackdaws 9 earlier, shwing they use calls as a check-in system.”可知，这里指寒鸦成员的叫声协调了它们的到来和离开的行动。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了测试这一点，研究人员在寒鸦睡觉的地方使用扬声器，人为地增加了它们早上发出刺耳声音时的叫声水平。A. created创造；B. graded分级；C. increased增加；D. maintained保持。根据下文“using speakers”可知，研究人员使用扬声器，应该是人为地增加了它们早上发出刺耳声音时的叫声水平。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当播放额外的喊叫时，寒鸦会提前离开，这表明它们将叫声作为登记系统。A. settled定居；B. left离开；C. escaped逃脱；D. arrived到达。根据上文“When extra calls were played”和下文“leaving with the flck”可知，当额外的叫声被播放时，寒鸦会当成是要离开的信号，所以会提前离开。故选B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：个体寒鸦从与群体一起离开中受益，因为它们可以获得更多的社会信息，比如在哪里寻找食物，它们可以最大限度地延长寻找食物的时间，而且它们被攻击的风险更小。A. benefit获益；B. learn学习；C. suffer遭受；D. keep保持。根据下文“because they get mre scial infrmatin like where t find fd, they can maximize their time spent finding fd”可知，这是和寒鸦群体一起离开中得到的好处。故选A。
51．考查介词短语辨析。句意：见第10题详解。A. in defense f防御；B. in cntrl f控制；C. at risk f冒险；D. at the sight f看见。根据上文“Individual jackdaws 10 frm leaving with the flck”可知，这是个体寒鸦和寒鸦群体一起离开中得到的好处，所以个体寒鸦被攻击的风险应该是更小。故选C。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种决策并非寒鸦独有，其他物种也有报道。A. cmmn常见的；B. essential基础的；C. pen开的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“it’s been reprted in ther species as well”可知，其他物种也有报道这种决策，所以它并非寒鸦独有的。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，早上寒鸦的嘈杂声是组织一大群成员的聪明解决方案。A. jining加入；B. rganizing组织；C. mastering精通；D. warning警告。根据上文“the cacphny f jackdaws in the mrning is a clever slutin t”可知，早上寒鸦的嘈杂声应该是组织一大群成员的聪明解决方案。故选B。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你被噪音困扰，请从噪音越大，越早让你平静下来这一事实中找到安慰。A. bthered打扰；B. impressed给…印象；C. surprised使吃惊；D. fascinated迷住。根据下文“by the nise”可知，这里应该是指人们会被寒鸦的喊叫烦扰。故选A。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. truble麻烦；B. wnder奇迹；C. peace和平；D. charge控告。根据上文“find cmfrt in the fact that the luder they get, the sner they’ll leave yu in”可知，寒鸦叫的声音越大越早，说明它们会越早离开，就会让你越早平静下来。故选C。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We’ve all heard that laughter is the 56 (gd) medicine, and it’s true. Laughter makes yu feel better and it’s als gd 57 yur relatinships. Laughter brings peple clser, and is a 58 (pwer) tl fr making yu relax when feelings are running high. Whether with yur friends and family, r c-wrkers, yu can learn t use humr 59 (slve) disagreements, lwer everyne’s stress levels, and cmmunicate in a way that deepens the relatinships.
Humr plays 60 imprtant rle in all kinds f relatinships. In new relatinships, humr can be a useful tl nt just fr 61 (attract) the ther persn but als fr getting ver any awkwardness (尴尬) arising when we get t knw each ther. In ld relatinships, humr can keep things mre exciting and fresher.
Sharing the pleasure f humr 62 (create) a sense f clseness and cnnectin between tw peple—qualities that are signs f strng and successful 63 (relatinship). When yu laugh with ne anther, yu create a psitive relatinship between yu, 64 acts as a strng buffer (缓冲剂) against stress, disagreements and disappintments in yur relatinship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing smene laugh ften makes yu smile 65 (happy) and jin in the fun.
【答案】
56．best 57．fr 58．pwerful 59．t slve 60．an 61．attracting 62．creates 63．relatinships 64．which 65．happily
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了笑的作用。
56．考查形容词最高级。句意：我们都听说笑是最好的药，这是真的。根据定冠词以及句意“最好”可知，应用形容词最高级best“最好的”，作定语，修饰medicine。故填best。
57．考查介词。句意：笑会让你感觉更好，对你的人际关系也有好处。结合句意和空前的gd可知，本空填介词fr。短语be gd fr表示“有利于”。故填fr。
58．考查形容词。句意：笑能拉近人与人之间的距离，当你情绪高涨时，笑是一种让你放松的强大工具。修饰名词tl应用形容词pwerful“强大的”，作定语。故填pwerful。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：无论是和你的朋友、家人还是同事，你都可以学会用幽默来解决分歧，降低每个人的压力水平，并以一种加深关系的方式进行沟通。短语use sth. t d sth.表示“利用某物做某事”，故用slve“解决”的不定式形式。故填t slve。
60．考查冠词。句意：幽默在各种关系中都扮演着重要的角色。表示“在……中起重要作用”，短语为play an imprtant rle in。故填an。
61．考查非谓语动词。句意：在新的关系中，幽默是一个有用的工具，不仅可以吸引对方，还可以克服我们相互了解时产生的尴尬。分析句子结构可知，本空填attract“吸引”的动名词形式attracting，作fr的宾语。故填attracting。
62．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：分享幽默的乐趣会在两个人之间建立一种亲密感和联系——这些都是牢固而成功的关系的标志。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语Sharing the pleasure f humr，故谓语用create“创建”的第三人称单数形式。故填creates。
63．考查名词的数。句意：分享幽默的乐趣会在两个人之间建立一种亲密感和联系——这些都是牢固而成功的关系的标志。根据句意和signs可知，relatinship是可数名词，前面无表示数量的限定词，本空用relatinship“关系”的复数形式。故填relatinships。
64．考查定语从句。句意：当你们一起笑的时候，你们之间就建立了一种积极的关系，这是一种强有力的缓冲，可以缓解你们关系中的压力、分歧和失望。分析句子结构可知，本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词relatinship，且从句中缺少主语，故填which，引导定语从句。故填which。
65．考查副词。句意：笑声是会传播的——只要听到别人的笑声，你就会开心地笑起来，加入其中。修饰动词smile应用副词happily“开心地”，作状语。故填happily。
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是李华，看到美国朋友 Mary 在社交媒体上寻求学习中文的建议，请你给她写一封电子邮件， 内容包括：
1. 学习中文的方法。
2. 提出鼓励。
注意：词数 80 左右。
Dear Mary,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Mary,
Learning that yu’re lking fr sme tips fr learning Chinese n scial media, I’d like t ffer my suggestins t yu.
First f all, trying t read sme Chinese classics is a gd idea. Besides, yu can listen t sme Chinese sngs and watch sme Chinese mvies. Last but nt least, making friends with Chinese is a wise chice, which can give yu a chance t practise yur Chinese.
Learning Chinese will help yu t knw mre abut great Chinese culture. I’m sure yu will learn it well ne day.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是李华，看到美国朋友 Mary 在社交媒体上寻求学习中文的建议，请你给她写一封电子邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：tip→advice
首先：first f all→t begin with
机会：chance→pprtunity
此外：besides→in additin
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Learning that yu’re lking fr sme tips fr learning Chinese n scial media, I’d like t ffer my suggestins t yu.
拓展句：Since yu’re lking fr sme tips fr learning Chinese n scial media, I’d like t ffer my suggestins t yu.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning that yu’re lking fr sme tips fr learning Chinese n scial media, I’d like t ffer my suggestins t yu. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] First f all, trying t read sme Chinese classics is a gd idea. (运用了动名词作主语)
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。
During the summer vacatin, a mther planned an exciting trip with her tw children. They were set t explre a famus turist spt, famus fr its breath-taking landscapes and attractins. Little did they knw that their adventure wuld take an unexpected turn.
As they arrived at the destinatin, they were greeted by a sea f peple. The place was verflwing with turists frm all ver the glbe. Excitement filled the air as families began their sightseeing adventures, creating a lively and vibrant atmsphere.
Eager t begin their wn adventure, the mther, hlding the hands f her tw children, dve int the crwd. Hwever, amng the crwded army f turists, fate had its wn plans in stre. In the chas f the massive crwd, the yunger sn, unaware f the chas unflding arund him, smehw managed t wander ff, unknwingly leaving his family behind.
Suddenly, the mther realized that her yunger child was n lnger beside her. Panic seized her heart, and a sense f helplessness ccupied her. She desperately called ut her sn’s name, her vice trembling with fear. Tears streamed dwn her face as she scanned the vast sea f peple fr her sn, but there was n sign f him.
In a state f despair, the mther sught assistance frm fellw turists. Cmpassinate minds instantly jined in the search, spreading wrd abut the lst child thrughut the area. Strangers jined in the search, their hearts filled with empathy fr the anxius mther.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Three agnizing (令人焦虑不安的) hurs passed, each feeling like years.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As the mther tightly flded her sn in her arms, a wave f delight washed ver her.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Three agnizing (令人焦虑不安的) hurs passed, each feeling like years. During this time, the cllective effrt f the crwd grew strnger. Everyne searched tirelessly, cmbing thrugh every crner, determined t bring the mther and sn back tgether. N avenue was left unexplred in their unwavering pursuit. Finally, a kind-hearted turist with a keen eye sptted a by in a cave nearby. It was the yung lst sn, standing alne, tears welling up in his eyes. The news spread like wildfire, and with triumphant shuts f jy, the crwd rushed twards him.
As the mther tightly flded her sn in her arms, a wave f delight washed ver her. Tears f relief mixed with tears f verwhelming gratitude streamed dwn her face, expressing the prfund emtins within her. It was an unfrgettable mment filled with immense jy and immeasurable lve. Witnessing this heartwarming reunin, the crwd erupted in applause. Strangers had transfrmed int caring friends in this extrardinary act f lve, cming tgether t help ease the mther’s distress and anxiety caused by being away frm her child. This tuching demnstratin f human kindness revealed the remarkable strength f understanding and unity in the face f difficult circumstances.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了暑假期间，一个母亲带着自己的两个孩子来海边度假，兴奋开心之余，却发现儿子不见了，母亲绝望和痛苦地向游客们求助，善良的人们立刻开启了搜救行动，最终找到了孩子，一家团聚的故事，这段故事展现了人性的善良，显示了在困难处境下理解和团结的非凡力量。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“令人焦虑不安的三个小时过去了，每一个小时都像过了一年。”可知，第一段可描写人们是如何寻找男孩的，最终男孩被找到。
②由第二段首句内容“当母亲紧紧地把儿子抱在怀里时，一阵喜悦涌上心头。”可知，第二段可描写母子团聚的激动情景，以及人们的表现，点明主题。
2. 续写线索：等待——寻找过程——找到了——喜悦——母子团聚——人们为此欢呼——主题-人性的善良、理解和团结的力量
3. 词汇激活：
行为类：
①搜寻、搜查：search/lk fr
②发现：spt/find
③表达、表明：express/shw
④揭示、揭露：reveal/uncver
情绪类：
①快乐、高兴：jy/happiness
②悲伤：distress/sadness
【点睛】【高分句型1】Tears f relief mixed with tears f verwhelming gratitude streamed dwn her face, expressing the prfund emtins within her. （运用了过去分词短语作后置定语及现在分词短语作伴随状语。）
【高分句型2】Strangers had transfrmed int caring friends in this extrardinary act f lve, cming tgether t help ease the mther’s distress and anxiety caused by being away frm her child. （运用了现在分词短语作伴随状语、动词不定式作目的状语及过去分词作后置定语。）