高中英语2024届高考语法考点讲解和练习（共12个）

这是一份高中英语2024届高考语法考点讲解和练习（共12个），共15页。试卷主要包含了名词单复数，名词作定语，名词所有格，冠词，数词，人称代词和物主代词，反身代词，It用法等内容，欢迎下载使用。
【知识要点】
英语中，名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词变复数形式时，遵循下列规则：
1.一般情况下，在名词后添加后缀-s。
2.以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的名词，在名词后添加后缀-es。
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先将-y变成-i，再加-es。
4.部分以-f(e)结尾的名词，一般在词尾加后缀-s，但下面的几个名词在变复数时，要将-f(e)改为-ves。
5.部分以-结尾的名词，在名词后添加-es。如：
6.其他几个特殊的名词复数变化情况：
7.部分名词，单复数同形。
8.由“-”连接几个词构成的名词，在变复数时遵循如下规则：
①有名词中心词的，复数后缀（-s/-es）加在名词中心词上。
②没有名词中心词的，复数后缀（-s/-es）加在词尾。
【考题01】单句语法填空
1.Several ______ (student) are playing basketball n the playgrund.
2.There are fur ______ (persn) here, s we need fur ______ (ticket).
3.They prtect us frm being attacked.They are ______ (her).
4.Lk！There are sme ______ (tmat) n the shelf.
5.The wife f the thief picked up tw ______ (knife) made frm ______ (leaf) t fight again the ______ (wlf) arund her, and tk their ______ (life) at last.Hw brave she was.
6.When yu’re making this painting, yu need ______ (brush) f different size.
7.Mthers are taking care f their ______ (child) wh are playing games happily.
8.The ______ (fly) are s annying! Let’s kill them r at least drive them away.
9.In summer, ______ (msquit) are s annying that we can’t have a gd sleep.
10.Thse ______ (handkerchief) feel silky.I like them s much.
11.______ (sheep) are eating there.
12.There are s many ______ (fish) in the river.Let’s catch sme t ck.The ______ (fish) must be delicius.
13.Nwadays, ______ (cellphne) are ppular.
14.China is a natin made up f 56 ______ (peple).
15.The ______ (plice) are lking int the case these days.
16.There are tw ______ (blackbard) and ______ (dr) in the classrm.
17.Oh, my gd.Every student has mre than 60 new ______ (bk)!
18.The United States cnsists f 50 ______ (state).
19.Last night, many ______ (tree) were pulled dwn by the strng wind.
20.Can yu tell us hw many ______ (prvince) are there in China?
二、名词作定语
【知识要点】
一个名词修饰另一个名词充当定语时，作定语的名词的单复数形式要遵循以下三个原则（简称为：“名词作定语三原则”）：
1、一个名词修饰另一个名词充当定语时，作定语的名词通常用单数形式。（简称为：“名词作定语，用单数”）如：
a she factry a cffee cup
2、man, wman修饰一个名词充当定语时，man, wman的单复数形式与被修饰的名词的单复数形式保持一致。（简称为：“man，wman，一致”）
a man/ wman wrker tw men/ wmen wrkers
3、sprt修饰一个名词充当定语时，sprt用复数形式。（简称为：“sprt，复数”）
the sprts meeting
补充：
1、由“数量词-名词”构成的结构在修饰一个名词作定语时，其单复数形式遵循上述第一条原则。如：
a tw-year perid （也可写成：a tw-years’ perid）
2、sale作定语时，其单复数形式遵循上述第三条原则。如：
a sales man
【考题02】单句改错
1.His teas glass fell ff the desk and brke.
2.Let’s meet at the schl’s gate at 3 O’clck.
3.The man wrkers are talking smething there.
4.Our sprt meeting will be held next weekend.
5.It tk us a lng time t get there.It’s a three-hurs jurney.
6.His jb is t sell the wdcarvings in the sale department f the cmpany.
7.He nce wrked in a shes factry.
8.The news bradcast is ging n.The men driver is listening carefully.
9.A new pwerful plant is being built t supply us mre electricity.
10.Our cmpany’s buildings are ver there.
三、名词所有格
【知识要点】
英语中有三种名词所有格。
1、’s所有格。适用于有生命词。如：
Tm’s bk
the dg’s leg
指时间、地理名称（山脉、河流、岛屿等）、天体名称、度量衡、价值等名词，也可以使用’s所有格。如：
tday’s newspaper
2、f所有格。适用于有生命词和无生命词。如：
the leg f the desk
the bk f Tm
the leg f the dg
3、双重所有格。即：融合了上述两种所有格。如：
a friend f my mther’s (friends)
a friend f mine
【考题03】改正下列句子中出现的错误。
1.The desk leg is brken.It need repairing.
2.This is my brther’s-in-law huse.
3.Tm f the bk is missing.Yu can share yurs with him.
4.Yesterday, a friend f my father came t visit him.
5.Give me a tday newspaper, please.
【答案】
一、
1.students 2.persns; tickets 3.heres
4 tmates 5.knives; leaves; wlves; lives 6.brushes
7.children 8.flies 9.msquits/ msquites
10.handkerchiefs 11.Sheep 12.fish(es); fish
13.cellphnes 14.peples 15.plice
16.blackbards; drs 17.bks 18.states
19.trees 20.prvinces
二、
1.teas → tea 2.schl’s → schl
3.man → men 4.sprt → sprts
5.hurs → hur/ hurs’ 6.sale → sales
7.shes → she 8.men → man
9.pwerful → pwer 10.cmpany’s → cmpany
三、
1.The desk leg → The leg f the desk
2.brther’s-in-law → brther-in-law’s
3.Tm f the bk → Tm’s bk/ The bk f Tm
4.my father → father’s
5.tday → tday’s
四、冠词
【知识要点】
1、冠词分为三类：定冠词(the)，不定冠词(a, an)和零冠词（即：名词前不使用冠词）。
2、不定冠词的用法：
① 不定冠词基本用法：表示某一类或某一类中的某一个，表示类指、泛指。如：
He is a student.
② 表示“每一”，与every / per同义。
He visited his parents a / every / per week.
③用于第一次提到的、对方不知道的名词前。
A man is waiting fr yu.
④ 后接表示姓名的专有名词，表示“像这样的人”。如：
He wants t be a Lu Xun.
⑤ 用于一些习惯用语、固定搭配中。如：
at a lss, cme t an end, all f a sudden,
in a wrd, as a whle,
have a knwledge f,
have a ppulatin f, have a walk,
take a rest, make a decisin/plan,
draw a cnclusin,
have a rest, have/take a lk,
have a histry/ppulatin/knwledge f,
a pair f, a number f, a lt f
3、定冠词的用法：
① 定冠词基本用法：表示说话双方都知道的人或事物，或特指某（些）人或事物，表示确指、特指。
—Wh is the by there?
—He is Tm.
② 上文提到的或谈话双方都知道的对象。
There is a pen here.The pen is Tm’s.
③ 世上独一无二的名词前。
The earth ges arund the sun.
④ 序数词、最高级前。
the first time
the mst beautiful
⑤ 乐器名称前（西洋乐器）。
the vilin ；the pian
⑥ 有后置定语、定语从句、’s名词所有格限定的名词前。
the September f 2011
the bk that yu gave me
the huse t be built next mnth
⑦ 与表示姓氏的名词的复数连用，表示夫妇俩或一家人。
The Brwns are having their dinner.
⑧ the+某人姓名，表“某人的作品”或“某品牌的产品”。
Yesterday, I bught the Lining.
⑨ 用在比较级前表示两者中“更……的一个”。
He is the taller f the tw bys.
⑩ 固定短语中。
all the time, all the same, t the pint, in the end,
by the end, take the place f, The mre…the mre…
4、零冠词的用法：
① 不可数名词前。
I need sme water.
He is full f imaginatin.
② 指一日三餐、月份、四季、星期、节假日前的名词前。
It is cld in winter here.
Supper is very imprtant.
Tday is Wednesday.
③ 指棋类、球类运动的名词前。
I like ftball.
④ 表示头衔、职务的名词前，表示“头衔、职务”。
He was made president.
Barack Hussein Obama II became president f the United Sates.
⑤ 短语搭配中：
成对出现的短语：
yung and ld teacher and student
husband and wife knife and frk
bread and butter day and night brther and sister
介词短语：
at night at ease at war in peace
in prisn in church at sea
动词短语：
g t schl g t hspital put int prisn
g t wrk g t bed make friends with
对称名词：
day by day arm in arm day after day
hand in hand frm head t ft
5、特殊情况：
① 表示乐器的名词：
如果表示泛指意义，那么前面要使用不定冠词来修饰；如果这个名词被用来表示此类乐器的曲子，那么此时这个名词为不可数名词，前面就不能使用冠词了（即：应该使用零冠词）。如：
Yesterday I bught a vilin.
I like listening t vilin.
② 表示发明物的名词，如果表示泛指意义，那么前面要使用不定冠词。如：
Yesterday I bught a cmputer.
③ 如果抽象名词表示具体的某一次（即：抽象名词具体化）时，前面要使用a/an进行限定；如果指具体的一次，前面则需要使用the进行限定。如：
The prject f yesterday was a success.
The success (f the prject) made him famus vernight.
④ 如果指一日三餐、月份、四季、星期、节假日的名词前有形容词修饰，表示该名词具备的某种性质或特征时，前面需要加a/an进行修饰；如果是特指哪一个月份、星期、季节、节假日，或哪一顿饭，前面需要使用the来进行限定。如：
a ht summer
a quick breakfast
a sunny Friday
a wnderful April
The summer (f this year) is s ht.
The breakfast is delicius.
⑤ 指球类运动的名词，如果不指运动种类，而是指物体本身，表示泛指意义时，前面需要使用a/an进行修饰；表示特指意义时，前面要使用the进行限定。如：
I bught a ftball yesterday.I like the ftball very much.
⑥ 如果表示头衔、职称、职务的名词被用来指代担任此职务的人时，前面可以使用the进行限定；如果不止一个人担任此职务，那么名词前可以使用a/an进行修饰。如：
The president f that cuntry will visit China next week.
A vice chairman will hst the meeting.
【考题04】单句语法填空
1.______ man is waiting fr yu.
2.______ wman in red is waiting fr yu.
3.______ wman in red is Tm’s mther.
4.Life needs ______ water.
5.______ water in the river has been plluted.
6.Cathy is ______ best friend f my mther.
7.Cathy is ______ friend f my mther’s.
8.Wuld yu please give me ______ advice abut hw t learn English well?
9.Yu can get ______ infrmatin frm the Internet.
10.All ______ infrmatin n the Internet isn’t believable.
11.He likes play ______ ftball.Yesterday his parents bught him ______ ftball as his birthday gift.He likes ______ ftball very much.
12.T wn a healthy bdy, yu must have ______ breakfast.
13.The alarm was brken.He had ______ quick breakfast and rushed t wrk.
14.______ breakfast this mrning is s delicius.
15.Listen! Smene is playing ______ pian.I feel familiar with ______ pian.What ______ amazing pian it is.
16.We made Catherine ______ mnitr.
17.______ mnitr came int the classrm, annuncing that we’d have an uting tmrrw.
18.Finally, it came t ______ end.
19.This city has ______ ppulatin f 6 millin.
20.China has ______ histry f mre than 5, 000 years.
21.Nwadays, having ______ knwledge f a freign language is a must.
22.All f ______ sudden, a mtrbike rushed ut frm the crner.
23.We need ______ plenty f water.
24.The apple is s delicius.I want t have ______ secnd.
25.Is there ______ Mr.White here?
26.He really wants t be ______ Newtn ne day.
27.T sme peple, ______ Lu Xun is difficult t understand.
28.He is ______ father f the tw.
29.I have n wrk fr yu fr ______ mment.Yu can have a rest fr ______ mment.
30.He visited his parents twice ______ week.
31.Electricity is a kind f ______ energy.
32.This is my ______ friend.
33.He wants t turn ______ scientist in the future.
34.______ Y (y)ungest as he is, he is the tallest f us.
35.Yu can g there by ______ bus.Or yu can als take ______ taxi.
36.______ Brwns are having dinner.
37.______ Children’s Day is the festival fr children.
38.Failure is the mther f ______ success.
39.The meeting tday is ______ success.
40.This is ______ first time that I have been here.
41.The wrkers are paid by ______ hur.
42.He was beaten n ______ shulder.
43.Turn ______ left, and yu will find the cinema n ______ right.
44.As ______ result, he was late again.
45.______C(c)ffee, please.
五、数词
【知识要点】
1、数词表示数目和次序，分为基数词（ne, tw, …）、序数词（the first, the secnd, …）、和表示大概数量的数量限定词（sme, any, many, several, …）。
2、数词表示：
（1）“基数词+ten/ hundred/ thusand/ millin/ billin/ dzen/ scre…+复数名词”或“tens/ hundreds/ thusands/ millins/ billins/ dzens/ scres f +复数名词”
（2）时刻表示：
① 几点：“基数词+（’clck）”
11 ’clck 11点
② 几点过几分：“分钟past小时”
10 past 11 11:10
③ 几点差几分：“分钟t小时”
10 t 11 10:50
（3）年月表示
① 世纪：“（in） the 序数词 century”
(in) the 16th century 16世纪
② 年代：“(in) the 基数词’s”
(in) the 1940’s 20世纪40年代
（4）年月日表示
① 年份：“(in) 基数词”
in 1940 1940年
② 月份：“in+月份”
in May 五月份
③ 日期：“n 月份+序数词”或“n 序数词 +月份”
n Oct.1st 或 n 1st Oct. 10月1日
（5）四则运算表示
① 加法：“加”用plus, and, add表示，等于用is, make, equal表示。
Hw much is tw plus fur? 2+4=?
② 减法：“减”用minus或take frm表示。
Hw much is eleven minus seven? 11-7=?
③ 乘法：“乘”用time或multiply表示。
Hw much is 7 times 7? 7×7=？
④ 除法：“除”用divide的过去分词形式（divided）表示。
Hw much is 20 divided by fur? 20÷4=？
（6）分数表示：“基数词（分子）-序数词（-s）（分母））”：
ne-third 1/3 three-fifths 3/5
（7）小数表示：“基数词pint基数词”：
ne hundred twenty five pint fur six 125.46
（8）百分数表示：“基数词+percent”：
29 percent 29%
（9）长、宽、高、重量、面积等度量衡表示：“基数词+单位词+形容词”或“基数词+单位词+in+形容词的同根名词”：
ten meters lng/ in length
ten meters wide/ in width
（10）温度表示：“基数词+degree(s)+单位词（centigrade/ Fahrenheit）”：
10℃ 10摄氏度
（11）倍数表示：“基数词+times +比较结构”：
The huse is three times bigger than that ne.
The huse is three times as big as that ne.
（12）年龄表示：“in ne’s 基数词的复数形式”：
in his thirties 30多岁
（13）数词与名词构成的合成词作定语
three-hur jurney 三小时的旅行
a 13-year-ld by 一个13岁的小男孩
（14）数词与名词的连用
① 修饰可数名词的数量词：基数词, many, (a) few, a number f, tens/ hundreds/ thusands/ millins/ billins/ … f。
② 修饰不可数名词的数量词：much, (a) little, a great deal f。
③ 修饰不可数名词和可数名词的数量词：sme, any, a lt f, a large quantity f, large quantities f, plenty f。
【考题05】单句改错
1.Tw thusands peple are having a meeting there.
2.I haven’t sme water.
3.Can yu give me any help?
4.There isn’t plenty f water.
5.Tw-fifth f students disagreed.
6.This is the three ftball I’ve bught.
7.There is t many water here.
8.He is in his fifty.
9.Friday is the five day f a week.
10.I dn’t want any mre range.I have had many.
11.Three hundreds peple are waiting there.
12.We need many water.
13.Frm his teacher, he learned a lt f.
14.He is nly a 3-years-ld by.
15.He is abut in his sixty.
16.Tw-third f the frest has been destryed.
17.“A” is the ne letter f the English alphabet.
18.The river is abut 5 meters width.
19.He was brn in May 1, 2004.
20.This new building is three time higher than the ld ne.
【答案】
四、
1.A 2.A/The 3.The 4./ 5.The 6.the 7.a 8./ 9./ 10.the
11./; a; the 12./ 13.a 14.The 15.the; the; / 16./ 17.The
18.an 19.a 20.a 21.a 22.a 23./ 24.a 25.a 26.a 27.the 28.the 29.the; a 30.a 31./ 32./ 33./ 34./ 35./; a 36.The 37./ 38./ 39.a 40.the 41.the 42.the 43./; the 44.a 45.A
五、
1.thusands→thusand 2.sme→any
3.any→sme 4.plenty f→much/ enugh
5.Tw-fifth→tw-fifths 6.three→third
7.many→much 8.fifty→fifties
9.five→fifth 10.many→much
11.hundreds→hundred 12.many→much
13.f去掉 14.3-years-ld→3-year-ld
15.sixty→sixties 16.Tw-third→Tw- thirds
17.ne→first 18.width→wide或width前加in
19.in→n 20.time→times
六、人称代词和物主代词
【知识要点】
1、人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式，在句子中分别作主语和宾语。
人称代词的主格形式：I, yu（你）, he, she, it, we, yu（你们）, they；
人称代词的宾格形式：me, yu（你）, him, her, it, us, yu（你们）, them。
2、物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，前者相当于一个形容词，放在名词前作定语；后者相当于一个名词，后面不能再接名词，在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语。
形容词性物主代词：my, yur（你的）, his, her, its, ur, yur（你们的）, their；
名词性物主代词：mine, yurs（你的）, his, hers, its, urs, yurs（你们的）, theirs。
【考题06】单句语法填空
1.The by is waiting fr ______ (he) mther.
2.The little baby has t take care f himself, because ______ (she) father is fixing all ______ (he) attentin n ______ (he) smartphne.
3.The dg is enjying ______ (it) fd.
4.This isn’t Tm’s cat.______ (he) is blue.
5.Hell, anybdy else? Help ______ (I)!
6.I really can’t stand ______ (he) smking.
7.The by said they wuld have a party the next day, and ______ (they) parents wuld be invited.
8.Is this ______ (yu) bk?
9.Tm is a friend f ______ (I).
10.All f ______ (we) have ______ (we) wn bks.
11.Our teacher tld us that we culd ask ______ (she) fr help if we have any prblem.
12.______ (I) bk is lst.I can’t find it anywhere.
13.Jhn shared ______ (he) bk with his friend.
14.Yu shuld aplgize fr ______ (yu) mistake.
15.I really can’t believe ______ (I) ears!
七、反身代词
【知识要点】
反身代词，多用于主语之后或句尾，以表示强调，或用于固定短语中。
He himself is a wrker.他自己就是一个工人。
He taught himself.他自己教的自己（他是自学的。）
I can manage it by myself.我自己应付的来。
【考题07】单句改错
1.We have urselves bks.
2.Himself is a wrker.
3.Help yu sme fd.
4.He is thinking t him alud.
5.I’m nt me tday.
八、It用法
【知识要点】
it作为代词，它的用法主要分为四个方面：
1、用来指代无生命的对象，如：天气、距离、时间、地点、金钱等等。
It is sunny tday.（指天气）
It is a bit far.（指距离）
It is 8 ’clck.（指时间）
We will have a meeting this afternn.It is very imprtant.（指第一句中提到的the meeting）
I bught a new smart phne.I like it very much.（指第一句中提到的smart phne）
也可以用来指代不明性别或不明身份的、有生命的对象。
Wh is kncking the dr? Is it the pstman?
Here is a kid.It is s cute!
2、在句中作形式主语。
（1）在固定句式：It be adj.(fr/f sb.) t d sth.中，代替-t d不定式，在句中作形式主语。
It is difficult fr me t mve such a heavy bx by myself.
It is kind f yu t help us.
（2）在固定句式：It be useless/a waste f sth./n gd/n use ding sth.中，代替-ing分词短语，在句中作形式主语。
It is useless/ n use arguing with him.He is s stubbrn.
It is a waste f time arguing with him!
（3）在固定句式：It vi./be n./be adj./be dne+从句中，代替主语从句，在句中作形式主语。
It seems as if he knws smething.
It is a pity that yu can’t g with us.
It is certain that he will cme.
It is said that he will cme tmrrw.
3、在句中作形式宾语。
上述it作形式主语的三种句式稍加变动，就会得到it作形式宾语的句式。
I fund it difficult t mve such a heavy bx by myself.
We think it a waste f time arguing with him.
After he made it clear that he didn’t agree with them, he left.
He made it a rule t get up early every day and d sme exercise.
4、用来指代前文提到的不可数名词或单数形式的可数名词。
I fell in lve with that car, but I can’t buy it, because I have n mney.
Dn’t drink the water.It is dirty.
【考题08】写出下列句中划线的it的用法。
1.It is cld tday.
2.The bx is very heavy.I can’t mve it.
3.Lk at the baby.It is s cute.
4.It is difficult fr me t mve the heavy bx.
5.It is n use arguing with him.
6.It is said that he has left this city.
7.We’ll appreciate it if yu will help us.
8.He made it clear that he didn’t like it.
9.I fell in lve with this smartphne.I must buy it.
10.It might be the pstman kncking the dr.
九、不定代词
【知识要点】
不定代词主要分为以下四组：
1、sme和any
（1）sme意思为“一些”，主要用于肯定句中；否定句和疑问句中，sme要换成any。
I need sme water.
I dn’t need any water.
但在实际应用中，sme可以在满足特定条件的前提下用于否定句或疑问句中。
D yu need sme water?
（2）any还可以理解为“任何”，可以用于肯定句。
Any persn can d it.
2、many, much, (a) few, (a) little
many, (a) few用来修饰可数名词的复数形式，而much, (a) little用来修饰不可数名词；两者都可以单独使用。
Many peple are waiting fr yu.
D yu have mre bks? We still need many.
Much water is needed.
I dn’t need any range.I have drunk much.
A few bks are there.
There is nly a little water left.
3、bth, all, either, neither, nne
（1）bth表示“（两者）都”， either表示“（两者中的）任意一个”, neither表示“（两者）都不”。
Bth f the bys like sprt.
Either f the bys likes sprt.
Neither f the bys likes sprts.
（2）all表示“（三者）及以上都”，nne表示“（三者）及以上都不”。
All f the peple agreed with us.
Nne f the peple agreed with us.
4、复合不定代词（smene, smebdy, smething, anyne, anybdy, anything, everyne, everybdy, everything, nbdy, nthing）
【考题09】单句改错。
1.Please help me find ut the mistake in my article if sme.
2.D yu need any water?
3.Tm and Jerry are gd friends.All f them like sprts.
4.The rainstrm left many water ver the city rads.
5.He desn’t like the film, and I dn’t neither.
6.I must cpy these numbers dwn.Smething like sme paper and a pen are needed.
7.The party is cming.Have yu had anything ready?
8.Yu shuldn’t put anything int the refrigeratr.
9.—Wh is in the rm? —Nne.
10.He went t see his parents twice each week.
十、代词指代
【知识要点】
1、人称代词用来指代某个人、物、事。名词性物主代词用来指代被所属的某个对象。
This is Tm.He is a student.
My cat is blue.His is red.
2、指示代词用来指代某个人、物、事。
This is an apple.That is an range.
These are apples.Thse are ranges.
3、this用来指代上、下文内容，that用来指代上文的内容。
Yu can d it like this: …
… This/That is what I want t say t yu.
4、ne(s), it, that/the ne/thse/the nes的指代用法
（1）ne用来指代与上文提到的单数形式的可数名词同一类的对象，nes用来指代与上文提到的复数形式的可数名词同一类的对象，简称为：“同一类但不同一个”。
My friend bught a new bike yesterday.It is s gd that I want t buy ne.
（2）it用来指代上文提到的单数形式的可数名词或不可数名词。简称为：“同一类且同一个”。
I saw an interesting bk and decided t buy it.
（3）that在比较结构后用来指代上文提到的不可数名词或单数形式的可数名词，指代单数形式的可数名词时，可替换为the ne；thse在比较结构后用来指代上文提到的复数形式的可数名词，可替换为the nes。
N pleasures are equal t that f eating an ice-cream n a ht summer day.
His new sng is better than thse/ the nes he wrte in the past.
【考题10】用ne(s), the ne(s), it, that, thse填空。
1.My friend bught a new smartphne.I plan t buy ______.
2.The film is interesting.I like ______.
3.The ppulatin f this cuntry is much larger than ______ f that cuntry.
4.N pleasures can be equal t ______ f eating an ice-cream n a ht summer day.
5.China’s space prgramme started later than ______ f the Russia and the US.
【答案】
六、
1.his 2.her; his; his 3.its 4.His 5.me
6.his/ him 7.their 8.yur 9.mine 10.us; ur
11.her 12.My 13.his 14.yur 15.my
七、
1.urselves→ur wn 2.Himself→He 3.yu→yurself
4.him→himself 5.me→myself
八、
1.指代天气。
2.指代the bx。
3.指代the baby。
4.形式主语，句中的t mve the heavy bx为真正主语。
5.形式主语，句中的arguing with him为真正主语。
6.形式主语，句中的that he has left this city为真正主语。
7.形式宾语，句中的if yu will help us为真正宾语。
8.形式宾语，句中的that he didn’t like it为真正宾语。
9.指代this smartphne。
10.指代不明身份、不明性别的人。
九、
1.sme→any 2.any→sme 3.All→Bth
4.many→much 5.neither→either 6.are→is
7.anything→everything 8.anything→everything
9.Nne→Nbdy/ N ne
10.each→every/a
十、
1.ne 2.it 3.that 4.that 5.thse/ the nes
十一、基本句法功能
【知识要点】
1、形容词主要用来修饰名词，在句子中可以充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语，跟定冠词the连用时，相当于名词，可以充当主语和宾语。
I bught a new bk yesterday.（形容词作定语）
He is tall.（形容词作表语）
We can make it mre beautiful.（形容词作宾语补足语）
Tired, he fell asleep quickly.（形容词作状语）
The pr are pr.（the+形容词作主语）
We shuld help the pr.（the+形容词作宾语）
2、副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词和副词，在句子中充当状语。
He runs very fast.（副词very，修饰副词fast，而副词fast修饰动词run）
The bk is quite interesting.（副词quite，修饰形容词interesting）
【考题11】单句语法填空
1.A dg’s eating habit requires regular training befre it is ______ (prper) established.
2.Unlike traditinal gyms, app-backed gyms ffer peple ______ (flexibly) ptins t exercise.
3.Althugh she did nt knw Bstn well, she made her way ______ (easy) enugh t the Hme Circle Building.
4.There was such a lng queue fr cffee at the interval that we ______ (eventual) gave up.
5.At times, wrrying is a nrmal, ______ (evitable) respnse t a difficult event f situatin — a lved ne being injured in an accident, fr example.
6.If it is quite ______ (cnvenience) t yu, I will visit yu next Tuesday.
7.The cmmittee is discussing the prblem right nw.It will _______ (hpe) have been slved by the end f next week.
8.Yu can see the stars n a clear night, but in the daytime they are _______ (visible).
9.He began t take plitical science ______ (serius) nly when he left schl.
10.It’s hard fr him playing against me.I’ve gt nthing t play fr, but fr him, he needs t win s ______ (bad).
11.It is nt scially ______ (accept) fr parents t leave children unattended at that age.
12.Since Tm _______ (accident) dwnladed a virus int his cmputer, he cannt pen the file nw.
13.The final scre f the basketball match was 93-94.We were nly ______ (narrw) beaten.
14.Alex and Andy perfrmed _______ (skill) at the music cmpetitin and wn the first prize.
15.As he wrks in a remte area, he visits his parents nly_______ (ccasin).
16.Running a cmpany is nt ______ (simple) a matter f hiring peple — they als need t be trained.
17.It seems that living green is ______ (surprise) easy and affrdable.A small step makes a big difference
18.The questinnaire takes ______ (apprximate) ten t fifteen minutes t cmplete and can be used alng with the assessment interview.
19.Cmpared with his sister, Jerry is even mre ______ (sense) t, and mre easily trubled by, emtinal and relatinship prblems.
20.Frank put the medicine in a tp drawer t make sure it wuld nt be ______ (access) t the kids.
21.I’m sure that yur letter will get ______ (immediately) attentin.They knw yu're waiting fr the reply.
22.In the gd care f the nurses, the by is ______ (gradual) recvering frm his heart peratin.
23.In this lecture, I can nly give yu a purely ______ (persn) view f hw we live life t the full and make sme suggestins abut the future.
24.I wasn’t blaming anyne; I ______ (mere) said errrs like this culd be avided.
25.The island is ______ (equal) attractive in spring and autumn because f the pleasant weather in bth seasns.
26.D yu think shipping nline will ______ (final) take the place f shpping in stres?
27.______ (thank), I managed t get thrugh the game and the pain was wrth it in the end.
28.In that schl, English is cmpulsry fr all students, but French and Russian are ______(ptin).
29.I’ve been writing this reprt ______ (ccasin) fr the last tw weeks, but it has t be handed in tmrrw.
30.Anyne, whether he is an fficial r a bus driver, shuld be ______ (equal) respected.
31.We used t see each ther ______ (regular), but I haven’t heard frm him since last year.
32.Be ______ (reasn) —yu can’t expect me t finish all this wrk in s little time.
33.Thse pr and needy(贫穷的) teenagers were excited t find a shp at the crner where they culd buy ______ (affrd) priced(明码标价的) bikes.
34.Everything seemed t be ging ______ (smth) fr the first tw days after I mved t New Yrk.
35.If we leave right away, ______ (hpe) we’ll arrive n time.
36.With nline shpping increasingly ppular, the Internet is seen as a(n) ______ (efficiency) way f reaching target custmers.
37.What was s ______ (impress) abut Jasmine Westland's victry was that she came first in the marathn bare-fted.
38.Hardly had Sabrina finished her wrds when Albert said ______ (sharp), "Dn't be s mean," pinting a finger f warning at her.
39.They gave mney t the ld peple's hme either ______ (persn) r thrugh their cmpanies.
40.It was ______ (cnsider) f Michael t infrm us his delay in case we gt wrried.
41.The girl used t be shy, but is ______ (gradual) getting active in grup wrk and is mre willing t express herself.
42.Mst f us, if we knw even a little abut where ur fd cmes frm, understand that every bite put int ur muths was ______ (frmer) alive.
43.A sudden stp can be a very frightening experience, ______ (especial) if yu are travelling at high speed.
44.The disappearance f dinsaurs is nt necessarily caused by astrnmical incidents.But ______ (alternatively) explanatins are hard t find.
45.Tm sunds very much ______ (interest) in the jb, but I’m nt sure whether he can manage it.
十二、比较级最高级
【知识要点】
1、形容词和副词的比较级，用于两者之间的比较，常与than连用。
He is taller than his classmates.
2、形容词和副词的最高级，用于三者及三者以上的对象中，表示：“（在……中）最……”。在使用最高级时，句中往往要出现表示范围的词语或结构。
He is the tallest in his class.
3、比较级的两个特殊用法：
（1）在否定句中使用比较级，可以表示最高级意思。即：比较级与否定词连用，表示最高级意义。
I have never seen a better ne.
(=This is the best ne that I have ever seen.)
（2）比较级与than any ther/than thers连用，表示最高级意义。
Shanghai is bigger than any ther city/than ther cities in China.
(=Shanghai is the biggest city in China.)
【考题12】单句改错
is very happy because the clthes made in his factry have never been ______ (ppular).
is great t wrk fr — I really culdn’t ask fr a ______ (gd) bss.
3.Many peple have dnated that type f bld; Hwever, the bld bank needs ______ (much).
4.It may nt be a great suggestin, but befre a ______ (gd) ne is put frward, we’ll make d with it.
5.I dn’t think this film is by far the mst bring.I have seen ______ (bad).
6.The new grup f students is better behaved than the ther grup wh stayed here ______ (early).
7.Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ______ (careful) f my friends.
8.Of the tw cats, I'd chse the ______ (cheap) ne t spare sme mney fr a bk.
9.Wrk gets dne ______ (easy) when peple d it tgether, and the rewards are higher t.
10.Scientists have fund that gd news can spread faster and ______ (far) than disasters and sb stries.
【答案】
十一、
1.prperly 2.flexible 3.easily
4.eventually 5.inevitable 6.cnvenient
7.hpefully 8.invisible 9.seriusly
10.badly 11.acceptable
13.narrwly 14.skillfully 15.ccasinally
16.simply 17.surprisingly 18.apprximately
19.sensitive 20.accessible 21.immediate
22.gradually 23.persnal 24.merely
25.equally 26.finally 27.Thankfully
28.ptinal 29.ccasinally 30.equally
31.regularly 32.reasnable 33.affrdably
34.smthly 35.hpefully 36.efficient
37.impressive 38.sharply 39.persnally
40.cnsiderate 41.gradually 42.frmerly
43.especially 44.alternative 45.interested
十二、
1.mre ppular 2.better 3.mre 4.better
5.wrse 6.earlier 7.the least carefully
8.cheaper 9.mre easily 10.Farther