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    中考英语三轮冲刺挑战满分练习09 根据首字母提示完成短文(5空 中考真题精选)(含解析)
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    中考英语三轮冲刺挑战满分练习09 根据首字母提示完成短文(5空 中考真题精选)(含解析)

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    这是一份中考英语三轮冲刺挑战满分练习09 根据首字母提示完成短文(5空 中考真题精选)(含解析),共14页。试卷主要包含了 animals等内容,欢迎下载使用。

    1.(2021•连云港)Paper,zhi,was a Chinese inventin.2,000 years ag,Chinese peple (1)i nvented papermaking. This zhi was made (2) f silk and was very expensive. Only the emperr and rich peple culd (3)a ffrd t use it.1,900 years ag,Cai Lun imprved the paper﹣making prcess. He made cheap jinzhi ut f tree bark and ld clth. The imprvement in paper﹣making spread zhi far and wide,and many different (4)k inds f zhi were made by Chinese peple. Xuan paper,a type f high quality rice paper,best shws the charm f (5)t raditinal Chinese painting and calligraphy (书法). Later,Chinese zhi spread t the West via the Chinese Silk Rad.
    文章主旨:本文介绍了中国的造纸术。
    答案详解: (1)invented.考查动词。该空充当句子的谓语,再根据2,000 years ag可知时态为一般过去时,故该空要填动词的一般过去时。句意:两千年前,中国人就发明了造纸术。根据句意和首字母提示,此处填invent"发明",过去式为invented,所以填invented。
    (2)f.考查介词。句意:这种纸由丝绸制成相当昂贵。固定搭配:be made f"由制成",所以填f。
    (3)affrd。考查动词。此空在句中充当谓语,culd+d,故应该填一个动词原形。句意:只有皇帝和有钱人才能买得起。根据句意及首字母提示,可填affrd"买得起,承担得起",所以填affrd。
    (4)kinds.考查名词。句意:造纸术的进步传播开来,中国人制作了许多不同种类的纸。根据句意许多不同种类的纸及首字母提示,可知此处填kind"种类",固定搭配:many kinds f...各种各样的所以填kinds。
    (5)traditinal.考查形容词。根据空后"Chinese painting and calligraphy "可知此处缺一个形容词。句意:宣纸,一种高质量的宣纸,最能体现中国传统书画的魅力。根据句意及首字母提示,此处应填traditinal传统的,所以填traditinal。
    2.(2021•大庆)Fill in each blank with a prper wrd with the help f the given letter.
    Have yu ever imagined (1)t raveling t ther cuntries withut yur paper passprt?In the (2)f utue ,there will be a new kind f passprt called the "clud passprt" and it will cme int yur (3)d aily life smeday. Yur paper passprt will becme histry.
    The clud passprt will have yur name,phts and s n. It is easy (4)f r yu t check them n the cmputer.
    If yu take a paper passprt with yu,yu might lse it. (5)H wever ,with the clud passprt,yu dn't have t wrry abut that. D yu think the clud passprt is a great idea?
    文章主旨:本文主要讲了未来去其他国家旅行可以使用云护照。
    答案详解: (1)traveling.考查动名词。imagine ding为动词的固定搭配,travel为动词,要变为动名词形式,句意理解为你想象过没有纸质护照去其他国家旅行吗,所以答案是traveling.
    (2)future.考查名词。根据will判断时态为一般将来时,因此判断未来将会有一种新类型的护照,in the future为短语,意为在未来,所以答案是future。
    (3)daily.考查形容词。life为名词,用形容词修饰,结合句意,在未来,将会有一种名为"云护照"的新型护照而且有朝一日将会进入你的____生活,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为日常的,所以答案是daily。
    (4)fr.考查介词。结合句意,在电脑上检查它们____你是容易的,结合首字母,判断空格处词义为对……来说,用介词fr,所以答案是fr。
    (5)Hwever.考查连词。结合上文,If yu take a paper passprt with yu,yu might lse it.可知如果你带着纸质护照,可能会丢失,而有了云护照你就不用担心那个,因此判断空格处表示转折,即然而,所以答案是Hwever.
    3.(2021•广州)Yuan Lngping (1930﹣2021)is knwn as the father f hybrid rice (杂交水稻). Seeing peple die f hunger when he was yung,Yuan decided t find a way t (1)i ncrease rice prductin and fill peple's bwls. In 1973,he finally develped the first hybrid rice. Yuan helped China wrk a great wnder一feeding nearly ne﹣fifth f the wrld's ppulatin with (2)l ess than 9% f the wrld's ttal farmland. He nt nly made a big difference t the lives f the (3)C hinese peple,but als many in ther cuntries. T this day,hybrid rice has been grwn in ver 40 cuntries.
    "I have tw (4)d reams . One is t enjy the cl under the tall rice,and the ther is t grw hybrid rice acrss the wrld," Yuan said. And he wrked till the (5)e nd f his life t make them cme true.
    文章主旨:本文主要介绍了袁隆平研究杂交水稻的事迹。
    答案详解: (1)increase.考查动词。句意:袁隆平年轻时看到人们死于饥饿,他决定找到一种方法来增加大米产量,填满人们的碗。根据句意结合首字母,填increase"增加"。所以填increase。
    (2)less.考查形容词。句意:袁帮助中国工作一个伟大的奇迹一喂近五分之一的世界人口总数不到世界9%的耕地。根据句意结合首字母,填less,less than"比...少"。所以填less。
    (3)Chinese.考查名词。句意:他不仅改变了中国人民的生活,也改变了其他国家许多人的生活。根据句意结合首字母,填Chinese,Chinese peple"中国人"。所以填Chinese。
    (4)dreams.考查名词。句意:"我有两个梦想。一个是在水稻下乘凉,另一个是在世界各地种植杂交水稻。"袁说。根据后文make them cme true结合首字母可知是"梦想"。所以填dreams。
    (5)end.考查名词。句意:他一直到生命的尽头都在努力实现这些梦想。根据句意结合首字母,填end,till the end"直到最后"。所以填end。
    4.(2021•徐州)When Helen was little,Saturday night was her family game night. After supper,the whle family wuld play Chinese chess in the sitting rm. As a c(1) hild ,Helen lved t watch cartns. But n matter hw many times she asked t watch them,her parents wuld r(2) efuse her. They said that playing Chinese chess wuld help exercise her brain. Still Helen wasn't w(3) illing t play it with them smetimes. Helen didn't realize hw w(4) ise her parents were until she entered high schl. The games that her parents taught her when she was a little girl turned ut t be very useful l(5) ater in her life.
    文章主旨:本文讲述了Helen小的时候,周六晚上是她家的游戏之夜,直到上了高中,她从意识到她父母是多么明智。
    答案详解: (1)child.考查名词。根据"When Helen was little",当Helen小的时候,再结合语境和首字母可知,此处应该填child,作为一个孩子,Helen喜欢看卡通片。所以答案是child。
    (2)refuse.考查动词。结合语境,此处是每当她要看卡通片,她父母就会拒绝她,用动词refuse,wuld为情态动词,后面跟动词原形。所以答案是refuse。
    (3)willing.考查形容词。根据语境,可知Helen不愿意陪父母下棋,前面有否定词nt,因此填willing。所以答案是willing。
    (4)wise.考查形容词。根据最后一句,她父母教她的小时候玩的游戏后来竟然对她后来的生活非常有用,可知直到上了中学,Helen才意识到她的父母是多么的明智,结合首字母填wise。所以答案是wise。
    (5)later.考查副词。根据语境推测句意为,当她还是个小女孩的时候,她父母教她玩的游戏后来在她的生活中竟然非常有用,结合首字母填later。所以答案是later。
    5.(2022•徐州)When peple meet strangers,they ften have small talks. These talks are a gd way fr peple t (1)s ay hell. The talks cver many tpics,such as weather,films,sprts,TV shws (2) r the latest news. But we shuld always keep it in mind that (3)p rivate subjects abut mney,age,and weight shuld be avided. Besides,it's better t ask pen﹣ended questins. If yu ask, "D yu like ur city?" They may say (4)s imply , "Yes". If yu ask, "What d yu think f ur city?" They will have mre freedm in answering. This type f questin als shws that yu are interested in them. If yu seem interested in (5)w hat peple are saying,they will feel mre cmfrtable talking with yu.
    文章主旨:本文介绍了当人们遇到陌生人时,针对不同群体如何进行简短的交谈。
    答案详解: (1)考查动词。句意:这些谈话是人们打招呼的好方式。say hell打招呼,由不定式标志t,结合首字母提示,空缺处应填动词原形say(说)符合题意,所以填:say。
    (2)考查连词。句意:会谈涉及许多话题,如天气、电影、体育、电视节目或最新新闻。由语境,结合首字母提示,空缺处应填r(或者)符合题意,所以填:r。
    (3)考查形容词。句意:但我们应该始终记住,关于金钱、年龄和体重的私人话题应该避免。由语境,结合首字母提示,空缺处应填private(私人的)符合题意,所以填:private。
    (4)考查副词。句意:他们可能会简单地说"是的"。由空前动词say ,此处应填副词修饰,结合首字母提示,空缺处应填simply(简单地)符合题意,所以填:simply。
    (5)考查疑问代词。句意:如果你对人们说的话感兴趣,他们会觉得和你谈话更舒服。由语境,此处应填疑问词引导宾语从句,疑问词在句中做宾语,结合首字母提示,空缺处应填what(什么)符合题意,所以填:what。
    6.(2022•广州)Dunhuang is a histric city in Gansu. In ancient times,Dunhuang was an imprtant (1) center f trade. As the Silk Rad develped,Dunhuang became China's western gateway t the wrld. Here,different cultures met and influenced each ther. Peple frm (2)f reign cuntries did business and cmmunicated with the lcal peple.
    If yu (3)v isit Dunhuang,yu will be able t see the Mga Caves (莫高窟). If yu walk (4)i nside ,yu will discver sme f the wnderful artwrks. There are ver 45,000 square metres f beautiful paintings n the cave walls,as well as thusands f statues.
    Over the years,China has made great effrts t prtect the Mga Caves. Tday,yu can als find high﹣quality phts f the artwrks n the Internet. Peple all ver the wrld nw have a (5)c hance t see Dunhuang's treasures nline.
    文章主旨:本文主要介绍了敦煌的基本信息。
    答案详解: (1)考查名词。句意:在古代,敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心。根据"As the Silk Rad develped,Dunhuang became China's western gateway t the wrld."随着丝绸之路的发展,敦煌成为中国通往世界的西部门户,可知在古代,敦煌是一个重要的贸易中心,前面有不定冠词an,因此填center。所以填center。
    (2)考查形容词。句意:来自外国的人们与当地人民做生意和交流。根据"different cultures met and influenced each ther"不同的文化相遇并相互影响,结合首字母,可知是freign"外国的"。所以填freign。
    (3)考查动词。句意:如果你参观敦煌,你就能看到莫高窟。根据"yu will be able t see the Mga Caves (莫高窟)."你就能看到莫高窟,可知是如果你参观敦煌,结合首字母,可知是visit"参观",连词If引导条件状语从句,遵循"主将从现"的原则,主语yu为第二人称,所以用动词原形visit。所以填visit。
    (4)考查副词。句意:如果你走进去,你会发现一些精彩的艺术品。根据"yu will discver sme f the wnderful artwrks."你会发现一些精彩的艺术品,可知是如果你走进敦煌,结合首字母,可知是inside"向...内"。所以填inside。
    (5)考查名词。句意:现在,全世界的人都有机会在网上一睹敦煌宝藏了。根据"t see Dunhuang's treasures nline"在网上看看敦煌的宝藏,可知是有机会看到敦煌宝藏,结合首字母和冠词a,可知是chance"机会"。所以填chance。
    7.(2022•衡阳)It was snwy and dark n the (1)l ast evening f the year. Many peple were getting tgether in their warm hmes. A pr little girl was still walking in the streets with n shes. There were sme matches in her hand.
    "Matches,matches!" the little girl cried in a lw vice. N ne heard her when they were passing by. She didn't sell any matches and n ne gave her a(2) cin (硬币). The wind was blwing strngly and the snw was falling dwn n her lng hair. She felt cld and hungry.
    Lights were shining frm every windw. But the little girl was afraid t g hme withut selling ne bx f matches,because her father wuld beat her.
    "Ah,a burning match may warm me up!" she thught. She lit three matches. When the matches were burning,she saw a warm stve,a delicius rast gse and a beautiful Christmas tree. But all these disappeared when the flames went ut. Then she lit a(3) furth (第四)match. A kind ld wman was standing there.
    "Grandmther!" cried the little girl,"Take me with yu." Her grandmther smiled and(4)h eld the girl in her arms.
    On the mrning f the new year,the girl was lying (5)a gainst the wall,dead!
    文章主旨:本文主要介绍了卖火柴的小女孩的故事。
    答案详解: (1)考查形容词。句意:这是一个下着雪而又黑暗的一年的最后一个晚上。形容词修饰名词,所以答案是last。
    (2)考查名词。句意:她没有卖任何火柴,没有人给她一个硬币。前面的词语是a,所以要用单数名词来填空,所以答案是cin。
    (3)考查序数词。句意:然后她点着了第四根火柴。根据汉语提示,所以答案是furth。
    (4)考查动词。句意:她的祖母微笑着,搂着这个小女孩。主体时态是一般过去时,所以答案是held。
    (5)考查介词。句意:小女孩靠在墙上,死了!against the wall固定搭配,意思是"靠着墙"所以答案是against。
    8.(2022•连云港)Erhu is ne f the mst imprtant Chinese instruments. It has a histry f (1) ver 1,000 years. It is said that Erhu did nt get its name (2)u ntil the late Qing Dynasty. It has been imprved gradually since it appeared. It is als (3)c alled the Chinese vilin because its tne is as sft and bright as the vilin's. There are many (4)w nderful/wrld﹣famus pieces f music played by Erhu,such as The Mn Reflected n the Er﹣quan Spring. Yu can g and (5)e njy/experience the charm f them. I hpe yu'll lve them.
    文章主旨:二胡是中国最重要的乐器之一,本文介绍了二胡的历史和魅力。
    答案详解: (1)考查介词。句意:它有1000多年的历史。ver超过。所以填ver。
    (2)考查介词。句意:据说二胡直到清末才得名。until直到。所以填until。
    (3)考查动词。句意:它也被称为中国小提琴,因为它的音调和小提琴一样柔和明亮。call称为,这里是被动语态,is后接动词的过去分词。所以填called。
    (4)考查形容词。句意:二胡演奏了许多美妙/举世闻名的乐曲,如《二泉映月》。wnderful/wrld﹣famus美妙/举世闻名的。所以填wnderful/wrld﹣famus。
    (5)考查动词。句意:你可以去欣赏它们的魅力。enjy/experience欣赏/经历。所以填enjy/experience。
    9.(2020•徐州)It was Mnday mrning,and the writing class had just begun.Everyne was silent,waiting t see (1)w h wuld be called t read his r her article alud.Sme f us were cnfident and culdn't wait t take (2)p art in the class activity;thers were nervus.I had dne my hmewrk,but I was shy ﹣ I was (3)a fraid/ashamed t speak in frnt f a large grup f peple.At that mment,I remembered that my father(4) nce/ften said, "The classrm is a place fr learning and that (5)i ncludes learning frm textbks,and mistakes as well." Immediately,I raised my hand.
    文章主旨:在上学的时候,我害怕在很多人面前说话,但是我想到了爸爸说的一句话"学习包括从课本上学习知识,也包括犯错误."我就大胆举起了手.
    答案详解: (1)wh.考查关系代词.根据"waiting t see (1)w h wuld be called t read his r her article alud."结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指等着看谁会被叫到大声读他的或她的文章.空格处需要一个既可以引导宾语从句,还要在宾语从句中作主语的引导词.结合句意,所以要用wh来填空.所以填wh.
    (2)part.考查名词.根据"take (2)p_____ in "结合给出的首字母提示,take part in固定短语,参加.所以填part.
    (3)afraid/ashamed.考查形容词.根据"I was shy"结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指我害怕在一大群人面前说话.be afraid/ashamed t d sth.固定短语,害怕/害羞做某事.所以填afraid/ashamed.
    (4)nce/ften.考查副词.根据空格后面的词语是动词"said"所以要用副词来修饰动词,结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指我记得我爸爸曾经或经常说.所以填nce/ften.
    (5)includes.考查动词.通过分析句子结构,可知空格处需要谓语动词,根据"learning frm textbks,and mistakes as well"结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指它包括从课本上学习知识,也包括犯错误.又因为主体时态是一般现在时,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数来填空.所以填includes.
    10.(2020•大庆)In mdern zs, we can see animals living naturally in the wild. Grass as well as trees g(1) rws everywhere, and water runs thrugh the places the animals live in. In an American z, every v(2) isitr can walk thrugh a special cage (笼子) which is filled w(3) ith trees, sme small animals and many birds,and the z is large enugh fr the birds t live in mre n(4) atural cnditins.Mdern zs nt nly shw animals t us,but a(5) ls save rare (稀有的) animals.Fr this reasn, ur grandchildren will still be able t enjy watching these animals.
    文章主旨:文章介绍了现代动物园的情况.
    答案详解: (1)grws (2)visitr(3)with (4)natural (5)als
    (1)grws.考查动词.根据首字母提示和句意,应是"生长";根据runs可知是一般现在时态;as well as 连接的2个并列主句,遵循"就远原则".因此主语为grass是不可数名词,谓语用第三人称单数.所以答案是grws.
    (2)visitr.考查名词.根据"every v(2)_____ can walk thrugh "根据首字母提示可知是"游客".every + 名词单数 表示"每一……",所以答案是visitr.
    (3)with 考查介词.根据"is filled w(3)____trees, sme small animals and many birds"可知在美国动物园中,每个访客都可以穿过一个装满树木,一些小动物和许多鸟类的特殊笼子,而动物园又足够大,可以让鸟类生活在更自然的环境中.be filled with 固定短语.意为"充满".是固定搭配.所以选with.
    (4)natural 考查形容词.根据"the z is large enugh fr the birds t live in mre n(4)_____cnditins."可知在美国动物园中,每个访客都可以穿过一个装满树木,一些小动物和许多鸟类的特殊笼子,而动物园又足够大,可以让鸟类生活在更自然的环境中.根据前一句 the z is large enugh意为"动物园足够大"可知动物就可以生活在更自然的环境中.此处mre + adj.表示"更……".所以答案是natural.
    (5)als考查副词.根据"Mdern zs nt nly shw animals t us,but a(5)____save rare (稀有的) animals."可知现代动物园不仅向我们展示了动物,而且还拯救了稀有动物.nt nly…but als…固定短语,意为"不但……而且……"是固定搭配.所以答案是als.
    11.(2020•连云港)Paper﹣cutting is a famus flk art with a lng histry in China.It was used during (1)f estivals t decrate gates and windws.After hundreds f years' (2)d evelpment ,it has becme a very ppular way f decratin.The main cutting tls are (3)s imple ﹣ paper and scissrs r a knife,but clever and skilled paper﹣cutting artists can make very beautiful artwrks.Chinese paper﹣cutting wrks have these features﹣"Flwer in flwer,theme in theme." This means smaller pictures and stries are(4)h idden in the wrks.Yu will be amazed by the wnderful designs when yu lk at their paper﹣cutting wrks (5)c arefully/clsely .Thrugh Chinese paper﹣cutting,peple express their best wishes.
    文章主旨:本文主要介绍了中国的传统剪纸艺术,流传好几百年,制作工具很简单,但做工精细,里面有很多图片和故事.
    答案详解: (1)festivals.考查名词.根据"t decrate gates and windws."结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指它是节日期间用来装饰门窗的.节日有很多,所以要用复数名词来填空.所以填festivals.
    (2)develpment.考查名词.根据"it has becme a very ppular way f decratin"结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指在发展了好几百年之后.所以填develpment.
    (3)simple.考查形容词.根据"paper and scissrs r a knife"结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指剪纸的主要工具是很简单的.空格前面的词语是系动词,所以要用形容词来填空.所以填simple.
    (4)hidden.考查过去分词.根据"Flwer in flwer,theme in theme."结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指更小的图片和故事隐藏在作品中.对于图片和故事来说,是被隐藏的,所以要用过去分词来填空,表被动.所以填hidden.
    (5)carefully/clsely.考查副词.根据"when yu lk at their paper﹣cutting wrks "结合给出的首字母提示,可知此处是指当你仔细地看他们的剪纸作品的时候.所以要用副词来修饰动词lk.所以填carefully/clsely.
    12.(2020•恩施州)A new bridge was just pened n Oct.24,2018.It is the HngKng Zhuhai﹣Maca Bridge(HZMB).Its cnstructin (1)b egan in December,2009 and it was pened t traffic n Oct.24,2018.It csts ver 120 billin yuan.Nw ,it′s the lngest crss﹣sea bridge in the wrld.The bridge lks(2)1 ike the the letter "Y".It's als regarded as ne f the seven wnders f the mdern wrld.
    The HZMB is unique in many ways.It has a service life f 120 years,20 years lnger (3)t han mst bridges.It's nt nly a bridge but includes a tunnel and tw islands,In ne part,the bridge turns int a 6.7km﹣lng undersea tunnel that passes thrugh tw man﹣made islands.
    The HZMB will make it much (4)f aster t travel amng the three areas it cnnects.The Y﹣shapes bridge will cut travel (5)t ime between HngKng and Zhuhai frm three hurs t just 30 minutes.
    文章主旨:文章主要讲了香港到澳门的珠海﹣澳门大桥,介绍了建立这座桥的年限,成本,意义,作用等.
    答案详解: (1)began.考查动词.根据句意,它的建设在2009年12月__.结合空缺处,以b开头,可知需要填入一个动词,表示"开始",用begin.结合时间是2009年,时态是一般过去时,所以动词要用过去式,用began.所以答案是began.
    (2)like.考查固定搭配.根据句意,这座桥看起来像字母"Y一样."结合空缺处,以l开头,可知需要用固定搭配lk like表示"看起来像",所以填入like所以答案是like.
    (3)than.考查介词.根据句意,它有120年的服务年限,__大多数桥都更长20年.结合空缺处,以t开头,结合前面有形容词比较级lnger,可知需要填入一个介词,表示"比",用than.所以答案是than.
    (4)faster.考查形容词的比较级.根据句意,珠海﹣澳门大桥将使它__在所连接的二三个区域之间旅行.结合空缺处,以f开头,可知需要填入一个形容词的比较级,表示"更快的",用faster.所以答案是faster.
    (5)time.考查名词.根据句意,这座Y型桥将会减少香港到珠海的旅行__,从三个小时减少到只要30分钟内.结合空缺处,以t开头,可知需要填入一个名词,表示"时间",用time.所以答案是time.
    13.(2020•甘孜州)Cindy and Anna were best friends. They were always happy tgether,but ne day they culdn't agree n w(1) hat t d.
    "Cme n, let's play chess," Anna said.
    "I dn't want t play chess,"Cindy replied."We always d what yu want t d,Anna.It's my turn t make a d(2) ecisin ," Cindy was getting a little unhappy and went away, leaving Anna alne.
    The next day at schl, their teacher Mrs.Stne asked fr their n(3) tebks .Anna lked quite wrried because she didn't find her ntebk.
    When it was time fr lunch, Cindy finally t(4) ld Mrs.Stne she had Anna's ntebk in her schlbag."Thank yu fr being hnest, Cindy," said Mrs.Stne.
    Later, Mrs.Stne asked the tw girls tgether and helped them realize that it was a gd i(5) dea t take turns t decide the activity. They became best friends again.
    文章主旨:本文讲述了一对好朋友Anna和Cindy因为谁做决定做什么事情而起了争执,老师帮助他们意识到轮流决定是一个好主意,他们又成为了好朋友.
    答案详解: (1)what.考查宾语从句的引导词,根据句子结构,此句是一个宾语从句,空格处作d的宾语,所以答案是what.
    (2)decisin.考查名词,根据We always d what yu want t d,Anna,可知,之前都是Anna说什么然后两个人就去做什么,这次Cindy想做一个决定,所以答案是decisin.
    (3)ntebks.考查名词复数,their是形容词性物主代词,后接复数名词作宾语.根据Anna lked quite wrried because she didn't find her ntebk,可知,老师跟学生们要笔记本,所以答案是ntebks
    (4)tld.考查动词,根据she had Anna's ntebk in her schlbag,可知,Cindy告诉老师Anna的笔记本在Cindy的书包里,when引导的时间状语从句,从句was是一般过去时,所以此空填一般过去时tld.所以答案是tld.
    (5)idea.考查名词,a 后接名词单数.根据句意,此空表示"老师帮他们认识到轮流决定活动是一个好主意",所以答案是idea.
    14.(2019•恩施州)Cnfucius, a pineer in the field f educatin, was b(1) rn in the year 551 B.C.. When he was 3 years ld, his father died. But Cnfucius still r(2) eceived a gd educatin when he was yung. And when he was 17, his mther died. In his thirties, he began t teach and spent the rest f his life teaching. At the age f 55, Cnfucius began t travel a(3) rund China. He tried t search fr gd rules f behavir. When he was 68 years ld, Cnfucius returned t his h(4) metwn . Five years later, he passed away. He was a great thinker and philspher wh had many w (5) ise ideas abut human nature and behavir. His main ideas are abut kindness and gd manners. He is really a great man frm whm we can learn a lt.
    (1) brn (2) received (3) arund (4) hmetwn (5) wise
    文章主旨:本文介绍的中国古代伟大的教育家、思想家和哲学家孔子.文章介绍了孔子的一生和主要成就.
    答案详解: 1. brn.考查动词.根据语境可知,教育领域的先驱孔子生于公元前551年.be brn in出生于.所以填brn.
    2. received.考查动词.根据语境可知,但是当孔子小的时候,他仍然接受了良好的教育.receive接受.本句说的是过去之事,故用一般过去时,所以填receive的过去式.所以填received.
    3. arund.考查介词.根据语境可知,孔子开始周游中国.arund到处.travel arund环游.所以填arund.
    4. hmetwn.考查名词.根据语境可知,孔子在68岁时返回自己的家乡.hmetwn家乡.所以填hmetwn.
    5. wise.考查形容词.根据语境可知,孔子是个伟大的思想家和哲学家,对于人性和人的行为,他有很多睿智的观点.wise明智的.所以填wise.
    15.(2019•南充)In sme western cuntries,sme peple dn't like the number 13 because they think 13 is an unlucky number.Fr example,they dn't like t live n the thirteenth flr.One evening,Mr.Smith asked sme friends t get (1)t gether .When all f his friends arrived,he asked them t sit at the table fr (2)d inner .He began t (3)c unt the peple.Suddenly,he cried ut , " Oh,there are thirteen peple here! " Everyne's face lked pale (4)e xcept Mr.Brwn.He said with a smile , " Dn't wrry,my friends.My wife will have a baby in a few weeks.S we have (5)f urteen peple here. " All f the friends became happy again. " Cngratulatins ! " they said t Mr.Brwn.They all had a gd time that evening.
    文章主旨:在西方国家,人们都忌讳13这个数字.这个故事讲述的是13位朋友聚会,聪明的布朗先生却巧妙地解决了这个尴尬的问题.
    答案详解: 1.tgether 考查副词。根据后面的句子When all f his friends arrived,"当他所有的朋友都到达的时候",猜测这句话的意思是"史密斯先生邀请他的一些朋友来聚会".所以应该填写tgether,get tgether的意思是"聚会".所以答案是tgether.
    2.dinner 考查名词。根据句子当中的sit at the table ,"坐在桌子旁",table尤指吃饭用的桌子,因此可猜测出他们是坐下来吃饭,所以根据首字母应该填写dinner.所以答案是dinner.
    3.cunt 考查动词。首先根据began t,确定这里要用动词原形,再考虑后边there are thirteen peple here,"这里有13个人",可看出这句话的意思是"他开始查人",所以应该填写动词cunt"查","数".答案为cunt.
    4.except 考查介词。根据后边的He said with a smile ,"他笑着说",可以看出布朗先生和别人的反应表现不一样.所以这句话的意思应该是"除了布朗先生以外,大家的脸都白了".所以填写except,意思是"除了……".所以答案是except.
    5.furteen 考查数词。根据前边的there are thirteen peple here,"这里有13个人",以及My wife will have a baby in a few weeks,"几个星期以后,我的妻子要生小孩儿",可确定总共有14个人,所以这句话的意思是,"所以我们这里有14个人".所以答案是furteen.
    16.(2019•大庆)A lt f peple are crazy ding shpping thrugh the Internet nw. Why is it s (1)p pular .There are sme (2)r easns . First, mre and mre peple have their wn cmputers and their cmputers can be jined with the Internet. S it is pssible (3)f r many f them t d shpping thrugh the Internet. (4)S ecnd ,shpping thrugh the Internet can save them sme (5)m ney and a lt f time. Third, they dn't need t g t the shp themselves. Because f these gd facts, few peple refuse it.
    文章主旨:本文主要讲述人们喜欢网络购物的原因.
    答案详解: 1.ppular 考查形容词.根据语境"为什么它如此受欢迎?",考虑用词ppular,意为"受欢迎的",所以答案是 ppular;
    2.reasns 考查名词.根据语境"有一些原因",考虑用名词reasn,意为"原因",为可数名词,由空前的sme推断此处填复数形式,所以答案是 reasns;
    3.fr 考查介词.根据语境"所以他们中的许多人可以通过互联网购物",考虑用介词fr,意为"对",所以答案是 fr:
    4.Secnd 考查数词.根据语境"其次,通过互联网购物可以为他们节省一些钱和大量时间",考虑用数词Secnd,意为"第二",由上文的First推断此处填序数词形式,所以答案是 Secnd:
    5.mney 考查名词.根据语境"其次,通过互联网购物可以为他们节省一些钱和大量时间",考虑用名词,意为"钱",为不可数名词,所以答案是 mney.
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