专题一0四 宾语从句——2024届中考英语一轮复习进阶课件【人教版】

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宾语从句在中考中占有极其重要的地位，几乎每年的中考都会对宾语从句进行不同角度的考查，常见考点为宾语从句的连接词、语序、时态、简化以及否定转移。
一、宾语从句宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。如：He asked what yu were ding last night. 用来充作宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。如：He asked what yu were ding last night. 他问你昨天夜晚在干什么。I didn't knw that he was wunded in the accident. 我原来不知道他在那事故中受了伤。Can yu explain why he didn't cme t the party last Sunday? 你能解释上周星期日他为什么没有来参加聚会吗？
二、分类：1.动词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于动词后面的宾语从句。例如：He asked whse handwriting was the best in ur class. 他问我们班上谁的书法最好。2.介词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于介词后面的宾语从句。例如：I agree with what yu said just nw.我同意你刚才说的话。3.形容词宾语从句：顾名思义，它是位于形容词后面的宾语从句。例如：I am afraid that I will be late.恐怕我要迟到了。
三、宾语从句的语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中，不管充当宾语从句的句子原来是什么语序，构成宾语从句时一定要用陈述语序。I dn't knw where she cmes frm. 我不知道她来自哪里。
四、注意：1. that 在口语中常被省略，但在正式的文体中，不能省；并且它一般不能引导介词的宾语从句，但可引导except, but, in 等少数介词的宾语从句。如：I didn't knw (that) he was Li Lei. 我不知道他就是李蕾。I will d anything I can t help yu except that I’m ill. 只要我身体舒服，我愿做任何事情来帮助你。
2. 宾语从句之后带有补足语成分时，一般须用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句放到句末，此时的that不能省。如：The by has made it clear that they can't play with his tys. 那个男孩已清楚的表明他们不能玩弄他的玩具。3. 动词advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(坚决主张), rder, prpse, request, suggest(建议)等词的宾语从句须用虚拟语气，即：(shuld) d的形式。He asked that we (shuld) get there befre nine 'clck. 他要求我们在九点钟之前赶到那儿。The teacher advised us that we (shuld) nt waste ur time. 老师劝告我们不要浪费时间了。
4. 宾语从句的时态与主句的时态须呼应。1)当主句谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态表示。如：He always says that he is ur gd friend. 他总是说他是我们的好朋友。When the teacher knws what we have dne, he will say that we have dne a gd deed. 当老师知道我们所干的事情时，他会说我们做了一件好事。
2)当主句谓语动词的时态为过去时，从句的谓语动词须用响应的过去时。如：He didn't tell us he came frm Shanghai. 他没有告诉我们他来自上海。He said he had read the bk. 他说他读过这本书。3) 但当从句的内容是客观真理或客观事实，而不受时间的限制时，即使主句谓语动词为过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。When we were children, we were tld that China is in the east f the wrld. 我们还是小孩子的时候，人们就告诉我们说中国在世界的东方。
1.—I dn’t knw __________.—It’s in the bkcase. A. Hw ld it is B. where the English bk isB. what clr it is D. whse the English bk is
答案：B解析：根据题干"I dn't "可知本句考查宾语从句，宾语从句需要用陈述句语序；再根据答语"It's in the bkcase."可知此处询问的是地点，因此应用where引导宾语从句。故选：B。
2.—D yu knw _____? —At 8:00am. A. wh t talk with B. when t have a meeting C. what t d next D. where t g swimming
答案：B解析：疑问代词或副词可以和动词不定式连用,充当简单句的某个句子成分。根据答语可知询问的是时间,故用when来引导。故选B。
3. —Wuld yu please tell me ________?—By keeping a diary every day.A. why yu want t study EnglishB. wh yu ften speak English withC. hw yu imprve yur English writing
答案：C解析：本题考查宾语从句。根据答语"By keeping a diary every day"可知，此处问的是"方式"，应用hw引导宾语从句，故选C。
4. We learned_____ t wrk as a team by cmpleting the task.A. whatB. whichC. hwD. wh
答案：C解析：本题考查"特殊疑问词+不定式"结构。结合关键信息"by cmpleting the task"可知, 所缺的特殊疑问词表示方式, 故选C。
5.—Nancy, d yu knw ________?—In 1957, I think.A wh wrte the play TeahuseB. what the play Teahuse is abutC. when the play Teahuse was writtenD. why La She wrte the play Teahuse
答案：C解析：本题考查宾语从句。根据答语中的"In 1957"可知, 宾语从句的引导词应是when, 故答案为C。
6.—Julia. I want t knw ______. —The peple and the fd. whether yu like China B. When yu came t ChinaC. what yu like abut China
答案：C解析：根据The peple and the fd.可知问的是喜欢中国的什么。what引导宾语从句。故选:C。
7.—Recently millins f peple fllwed the sap pera A Lifelng Jurney. I wnder ________.—Besides the stry was real and tuching, the actrs played their rles well.A. hw they made the TV shwB. why it became s ppularC. where they watched the shw
答案：B解析：句意:—最近,数百万人观看了肥皂剧《人世间》。我想知道它为什么会这么受欢迎。—除了故事真实感人之外,演员们也把角色演得很好。考查宾语从句。hw they made the TV shw他们如何制作这个电视节目;why it became s ppular它为什么这么受欢迎;where they watched the shw他们在哪里观看这个节目。根据"Besides the stry was real and tuching, the actrs played their rles well."可知,此处询问它受欢迎的原因,故选B。
8.—Linda, culd yu tell me _____ the ntebk?—Oh, I bught it in the supermarket near ur schl.A. where did yu buy B. where will yu buyC. where yu bughtD. where yu will buy
答案：C解析：根据Culd yu please tell me可知,考查宾语从句,宾语从句中一般为陈述语序,选项AB是疑问语序,故排除;又因为答句I bught it in the bkshp near ur schl,所以宾语从句应该是一般过去时态,D选项时态不对,故选C。
9. Tell me ________, r I can't help with yur prblem.why yu culdn't fall asleepB. that Lily is ging t ShanghaiC. hw I can learn English wellD. what chres my sister des at hme
答案：A解析：考查宾语从句。why yu culdn't fall asleep你为什么睡不着；that Lily is ging t Shanghai莉莉要去上海；hw I can learn English well我如何能学好英语；what chres my sister des at hme我妹妹在家做什么家务。根据"I can't help with yur prblem."可知，此处应是描述“你”存在的一个问题，A选项符合语境，故选A。
10.—Sctt, have yu decided ________?—Nt yet. Maybe this Sunday.hw will yu get t ShanghaiB. when will yu leave fr ShanghaiC. when yu will leave fr Shanghai      D. hw yu will get t Shanghai
答案：C解析：考查宾语从句。根据宾语从句用陈述语序，可排除AB；根据下文"Maybe this Sunday"说的是时间，可知由when引导宾从，故选C。
11.—Culd yu please tell me _________?—Yu can take the N. 19 bus ver there.when can we get t the Palace MuseumB. when we can get t the Palace MuseumC. hw can we get t the Palace MuseumD. hw we can get t the Palace Museum
答案：D解析：根据"Culd yu please tell "可知本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句需要用陈述句语序,A、C选项是疑问语序,所以排除;再根据答语"Yu can take the N.19 bus ver there."可知上文应是问怎样才能到达故宫博物院,而B选项询问的是时间,所以排除。故选:D。
12. Peple arund the wrld can't imagine ________ in the desert.where can Chinese peple plant treesB. where Chinese peple can plant treesC. hw can Chinese peple plant treesD. hw Chinese peple can plant trees
答案：D解析：句意:全世界的人都无法想象中国人是如何在沙漠中植树的。考查宾语从句。此处含宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除AC;根据"in the desert"可知,知道地点,所以是无法想象方式,故选D。
13.—Can yu tell me ________? —Fr three days.A. hw ften they g t the museumB. hw lng they have been in BeijingC. hw sn they they’ll g t see the childrenD. what time they attended the meeting
答案：B解析：Hw ften多久一次,是对频率进行的提问;Hw lng多长,是对长度或一段时间的提问;Hw sn多快、多久以后,其后用in加一段时间来回答;what time几点,是对时间进行的提问。根据答语"Fr three days."可知上文是问你能告诉我他们来北京多长时间了吗,对时间段提问用疑问词hw lng。故选:B。
14.—Culd yu tell me ________ nw?—Yes. I live in Manzhuli city.A. where d yu liveB. where did yu liveC. where yu lived D. where yu live
答案：D解析：根据live in Manzhuli city.可知问句中询问的应该是住在哪里.再根据nw,可知问句中宾语从句的时态应该用一般现在时,语序应该是陈述句语序,故选D。
15.—Culd yu tell me ________ this mrning?—I am srry, Mrs. Lin. I gt up s late that I culdn't catch the first bus.why were yu late fr classB. hw did yu g t schlC. why yu were late fr classD. hw yu went t schl
答案：C解析：考查宾语从句。why were yu late fr class你为什么上课迟到;if yu were late fr class是否你上课迟到了;why yu were late fr class你为什么上课迟到;hw yu went t schl你怎么上学的;根据句意理解及后句的回答I gt up s late that I culdn't catch the first bus.可知,这里表达的是“为什么迟到”,所以应该用why引导,而宾语从句要用陈述句语序,所以排除A选项,故选:C。