备战最新中考英语之阅读理解专项练 专题30-语言文化（常考+热门话题）（通用版）

这是一份备战最新中考英语之阅读理解专项练 专题30-语言文化（常考+热门话题）（通用版），文件包含专题30-语言文化-备战2023年中考英语之阅读理解专项练常考+热门话题通用版原卷版docx、专题30-语言文化-备战2023年中考英语之阅读理解专项练常考+热门话题通用版解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共70页， 欢迎下载使用。
关键细节一：永远不要放松对词汇的复习
英语词汇量是听音、阅读、写作等一切英语能力的基础，因此“词汇量”像上述各种英语能力一样重要，不要忽视了对词汇的复习。
关键细节二：考生要了解到试卷上每一类考试题型各自的侧重点
中考前的这几轮总复习过程，考生们会逐渐去剖析每一种中考常见题型的侧重点，从而再根据不同题型所对应的不同侧重点而更有针对性地复习，从而避免了自己在总复习阶段内盲目、没有确切方向。
专题30-语言文化
备战2023年中考英语之阅读理解专项练（常考+热门话题）
一、阅读单选。
（2022·江苏省锡山高级中学实验学校三模）
Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years, but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging. When the wrd was still ppulated by hunter-gatherers, small clsely knit (联系) grups develped their wn frms f speech which have n cnnectin with each ther. Sme language experts believe that 10,000 years ag, when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Sn afterwards, many f thse peple started settling (定居) dwn t becme farmers, and their languages t became mre settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisatin (工业化), the develpment f the natin-state and the wide spread f basic educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few years, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages. And they are used in different parts f the wrld. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages, ften spken by many peple, while ht wet znes have lt, ften spken by small numbers, Eurpe has nly arund 200 languages; the Americas abut 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, f which Papua New Guinea alne ffers ver 800. The median number (中位数) f speakers is nly 6,000, which means that half the wrld’s languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
Already well ver 400 f the ttal f 6,800 languages are clse t extinctin (消亡), with nly a few elderly speakers left. Fr example, Busuu in Camern (eight remaining speakers), Chiapanec in Mexic (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (tw r three) r Wadjigu in Australia (ne, with a questin-mark): nne f these seems t have much chance f survival.
1．What can we infer abut languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A．They had similar frms.B．They were large in number.
C．They develped very fast.D．They were clsely cnnected.
2．Which f the fllwing best explains “dminant” underlined in paragraph 2?
A．Ancient.B．Basic.C．Pwerful.D．Mdern.
3．Hw many languages are spken by less than 6,000 peple at present?
A．Abut 6,800B．Abut 3,400C．Abut 2,400D．Abut 1,200
4．What is the main idea f the text?
A．New languages will be created.
B．Gegraphy decides hw language changes.
C．Human develpment causes fewer languages.
D．Peple’s lifestyles are influenced by languages
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断地出现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越快。
1．【解析】推断判断题。根据文章第一段“When the wrd was still ppulated by hunter-gatherers, small clsely knit (联系) grups develped their wn frms f speech which have n cnnectin with each ther. Sme language experts believe that 10,000 years ag, when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them”可知，在游猎社会时期，族群内部非常紧密，而族群之间语言相互独立；一万年前，世界人口仅有五百万到一千万，而语言的种类数达到一万两千种。故选B。
2．【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.”可知，dminant的语言指的是渐渐变成主流的英语、西班牙语和中文这些在世界上被广泛使用的语言。可以用Pwerful这个近义词来表达。故选C。
3．【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The median number (中位数) f speakers is nly 6,000, which means that half the wrld’s languages are spken by fewer peple than that.”可知，少于6,000人的群体在说的语言占所有语言的一半。又根据文章第三段“At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages”可知，用所有的语言数量6,800除以2，因此正确答案为大约3,400种语言。故选B。
4．【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断地出现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越快，故选C。
（2022·河南商丘·三模）English has becme a glbal language. S which cuntry, nt including English-speaking cuntries, speaks English best? And where des China rank (排名)?
Swedish language educatin cmpany EF published their 2016 English prficiency index this mnth. The Netherlands (荷兰) ranked first, fllwed by Denmark and Sweden. The rankings are based n English reading and listening test results f 950,000 peple frm 72 cuntries and areas.
Accrding t the index, the English prficiency in China is still lw, ranking 39th. Out f the whle cuntry, peple in Shanghai are the best English speakers. They speak better English than Italians and French. Hng Kng and Beijing fllw Shanghai as China’s next best English-speaking cities.
Shanghai and Beijing rank high because they are internatinal cities. Hwever, acrss China, prficiency in English is different frm east t west.
China has 400 millin English learners, reprted China Daily. Hwever, the teaching f English in sme areas is nt very gd. Accrding t the Peple’s Daily Online, there are seven primary schls in Shetianqia twn in Hunan, but nly ne English teacher. Many students still learn English by rte memrizatin (死记硬背).
Sebastian Magnussn, an fficer at the Swedish embassy(大使馆)in Beijing, gave sme advice. Swedish peple speak English well and Magnussn himself is als fluent in Chinese. He said TV prgrams, mvies and even cmputer games culd be learning tls. “D nt limit it t textbks. What matters mst is t use what yu’ve learned,” Magnussn said.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
5．Where did China rank in the 2016 English Prficiency index?
A．First.B．Secnd.C．39th.D．72th.
6．What are the rankings based n?
A．The English teaching levels f different cuntries.
B．The number f primary schls in different cuntries.
C．The number f English-speakers in different cuntries.
D．The test results f English-speaker frm different cuntries.
7．Which city has the best English speakers in China?
A．Beijing.B．Shanghai.C．Hng Kng.D．Guangzhu.
8．What des the fifth paragraph mainly tell us?
A．Sme Chinese schls are shrt f English teachers.
B．Half f Chinese ppulatin is learning English nw.
C．Chinese peple have high English prficiency levels.
D．Rte rememrizatin is the best way t learn English.
9．What can we learn frm Sebastian Magnussn?
A．English is much mre difficult fr yung learners.
B．Learning English frm textbks is nt a gd methd.
C．Learners shuld get help frm their teachers and parents.
D．Learners shuld put what they have learned int practice.
【答案】5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．D
【导语】本文介绍瑞典语言教育公司EF 发表的2016年英语熟练程度指数，荷兰人排名第一，其次是丹麦和瑞典，中国排第39名。在中国有些地区英语教学不好，而且英语老师短缺。
5．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Accrding t the index, the English prficiency in China is still lw, ranking 39th”可知中国排名39。故选C。
6．【解析】细节理解题。根据“The rankings are based n English reading and listening test results f 950,000 peple frm 72 cuntries and areas”可知该排名基于来自72个国家和地区的95万人的英语阅读和听力测试结果。故选D。
7．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Out f the whle cuntry, peple in Shanghai are the best English speakers.”可知上海人的英语说得最好。故选B。
8．【解析】主旨大意题。根据“Hwever, the teaching f English in sme areas is nt very gd”以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了中国有很多英语学习者，但是一些学校仍然缺乏英语老师。故选A。
9．【解析】细节理解题。根据“What matters mst is t use what yu’ve learned”可知我们应该把所学的知识进行运用。故选D。
（2022·重庆巴南·模拟预测）April 20th, 2021 is Guyu, ne f the 24 slar terms, and the 12th United Natins “Chinese Language Day”. A ne-hur special event was held nline t mark it n Tuesday. Peple arund the wrld were invited t express their lve and interest fr the Chinese language and culture thrugh shrt vides.
Chinese has a lng histry. It has influenced n ther languages in Asia, s has Latin in the West. With this histry, will Chinese have a surprising future?
At present, ver ne billin peple speak Chinese in the wrld—far mre than any ther language’s speakers. It is the language f the cuntry which is the wrld’s secnd largest ecnmy. Chinese peple are fund studying and ding business all ver the wrld.
In fact, Chinese is definitely ging t be a wrld language. Why is this certain? We must lk at the ecnmic and plitical pwer f China, which is increasing every day. As we all knw, wrld languages have always been the languages f cuntries with pwerful ecnmics.
Freign interest in Chinese has develped very quickly tgether with the develpment f Chinese ecnmy. Chinese has becme ne f the mst imprtant and ppular languages arund the wrld.
As China develps, mre and mre peple will want t learn abut Chinese language and culture, t wrk and study in China, and t d business with Chinese cmpanies. Chinese will ne day becme an internatinal language.
10．In which way is Chinese similar t Latin?
A．They bth have influenced n ther languages.
B．Bth languages have ver ne billin speakers.
C．They bth have a lng histry and bright future.
D．Bth languages are spken nly by peple in Asia.
11．What is the relatinship between the language and ecnmy?
A．The mre imprtant the language is, the strnger the ecnmy will be.
B．The strnger the ecnmy is, the less imprtant the language will be.
C．The mre imprtant the language is, the weaker the ecnmy will be.
D．The strnger the ecnmy is, the mre imprtant the language will be.
12．What des the writer think f the future f Chinese?
A．Hpeful.B．Unclear.C．Difficult.D．Dubtful.
13．The structure f the passage may be ________ .
（Para. 1=①, Para. 2=②, Para. 3=③, Para. 4=④. Para. 5-⑤, Para. 6=⑥）
A．①, ②③, ④⑤⑥B．①, ②③④, ⑤⑥
C．①, ②③④⑤, ⑥D．①②, ③④, ⑤⑥
【答案】10．A 11．D 12．A 13．A
【导语】本文讲述的是汉语在世界上变得越来越重要，随着中国的不断强大，世界上越来越多的人开始了解并学习汉语。汉语的前景是光明的，它将成为一门世界性的语言。
10．【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“It has influenced n ther languages in Asia, s has Latin in the West.”可知，汉语影响了亚洲的语言，就像拉丁语影响了西方的语言一样。也就是说汉语和拉丁语的相似之处是它们都影响了其他的语言。故选A。
11．【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“As we all knw, wrld languages have always been the languages f cuntries with pwerful ecnmics. ”可知，众所周知，国际性语言一直是经济强国的语言。也就是说，国际性语言总是那些经济强大的国家的语言。由此可推测，经济越强，语言就会变得越重要。故选D。
12．【解析】观点态度题。通读最后一段“As China develps, mre and mre peple will want t learn abut Chinese language and culture, t wrk and study in China, and t d business with Chinese cmpanies. Chinese will ne day becme an internatinal language.”可知，随着中国的发展，越来越多的人希望了解中国的语言和文化，在中国工作和学习，以及与中国公司做生意。中文总有一天会成为一种国际语言。由此可推知，作者对汉语的前景是充满希望的。故选A。
13．【解析】篇章结构题。根据全文可知本文第一段总说第12个联合国“汉语日”，世界各地的人们被邀请通过短视频表达他们对中国语言和文化的热爱和兴趣。2-3段讲的是汉语发展。4-6段讲的是汉语肯定会成为世界语言。可知本文结构为①, ②③, ④⑤⑥。故选A。
（2022·江苏·无锡市太湖进修学校一模）Why nt write in a freign language? If peple feel free t chse their prfessin, their religin, and even their sex, why nt just decide which language yu want t write? Ever since Jhumpa published In Other Wrds in Italian, peple have been asking me, “Why dn’t yu write in Italian, Tim? After all, yu’ve been in the cuntry 35 years. What keeps yu tied t English?” Is it just a questin f ecnmic(经济的) cnvenience?
Certainly ecnmics can be imprtant. It was the factr that pushed Cnrad t abandn his Plish mther tngue. If it is nt pssible t publish at hme, r t publish there as ne wuld wish t publish, then ne is likely t g elsewhere. And if t publish elsewhere ne has t change language, then sme authrs are willing t take that step.
Smething f the same lgic has driven many writers frm Africa, Asia t write in French and English in recent years. There is als the fact that peple in Eurpe and the West are interested in the cuntries they grew up in. Just as in the nineteenth century, nvelists like Thmas Hardy culd “sell” their familiarity with peasant life t a middle-class metrplitan(大都市的) public, s these writers have interested us with stries that might seem cmmn in their hme cuntries.
There is als a real internatinalism in the decisin t change language. If yu have “a message” and if English is the language that ffers maximum spread, then it wuld seem apprpriate t use it.
All these make sense. Critics(评论家) tend t pay attentin nly t thse wh have made a success f writing in a new language. In April 2014, a New Yrk Times article essentially listed yung literary stars wh had switched（改变）t writing in the main Western languages. At this pint, the native English speaker almst begins t feel at a disadvantage fr having been brn int the dminant culture. Shuld we perhaps head fr Paris, like Beckett r Jnathan Littell, just t be between tw wrlds? Or lk fr smething mre extic(异国的) and have urselves translated back int English afterward? Hwever, ne fact is that changing languages desn’t always wrk.
I did write a nvel in Italian. But after rereading it, I decided against it. My wrk lst pwer with the switch f language. My real subject matter still had t d with England and it was t my hme culture that my bks were addressed. The secnd language never seems t mean quite as much as the first. In any event, after my early experiment, I never went back t write in Italian. Changing language is nt the nly way t bring energy t yur writing.
14．The authr writes the first paragraph t ________.
A．intrduce the tpic f this passageB．prvide backgrund infrmatin
C．stress the imprtance f EnglishD．explain why he writes in English
15．Why are sme writers willing t write in a freign language?
A．They have published a lt f wrks at hme.
B．Their wrks are uncmmn in their wn cuntries.
C．A new language may ffer a wider readership.
D．They want t be accepted by middle class.
16．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Native English writers are at a disadvantage fr writing in English.
B．Writers can’t be entirely separated frm their wn culture and language.
C．Writers shuld write in a freign language t draw critics’ attentin.
D．Any writer can succeed with the switch f a new language.
17．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A．Write in a freign languageB．Publish at hme
C．Ecnmy decides everythingD．Write bks in Italian
【答案】14．A 15．C 16．A 17．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了为什么作家愿意用外语写作。
14．【解析】推理判断题。根据“Why nt write in a freign language? If peple feel free t chse their prfessin, their religin, and even their sex, why nt just decide which language yu want t write?”可知，作者写作第一段的目的是为了引出文章主题：为什么用外语写作。故选A。
15．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Just as in the nineteenth century, nvelists like Thmas Hardy culd ‘sell’ their familiarity with peasant life t a middle-class metrplitan(大都市的) public, s these writers have interested us with stries that might seem cmmn in their hme cuntries.”可知，作家愿意用外语写作是因为一门新的语言可能会有更广泛的读者。故选C。
16．【解析】推理判断题。根据“At this pint, the native English speaker almst begins t feel at a disadvantage fr having been brn int the dminant culture.”可知，母语为英语的作家在英语写作中处于不利地位。故选A。
17．【解析】最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了为什么作家愿意用外语写作。A选项“用外语写作”符合。故选A。
（2022·安徽黄山·二模）There are abut 6,500 languages all ver the wrld. But abut half f them are in danger f disappearing. One rganizatin called Wikitngues is trying its best t save wrld languages. It has a simple gal: t prvide the tls and supprt that peple need t save their languages.
Wikitngues has an pen cllectin f wrld languages nline. The cllectin is in the frm f language vides. Nw there are ver 400 languages n Wikitngues. Sme, like English and Chinese, are spken by hundreds f millins f peple. ________ Bra, fr example, is spken by nly a few thusand peple.
When a language disappears, many ther things like culture and knwledge can disappear, t. S, it’s necessary t bring languages back. There are many languages that disappeared but later returned t use. Hebrew disappeared in the 4th century BC, and peple brught it back in the 1800s. Nw nce again, it’s the mther language f half f the wrld’s Jewish ppulatin.
One f Wikitngues’ vlunteers is Thern in Namibia. His mther language is Subiya. It’s spken by abut 30,000 peple. Hwever, he desn’t get the chance t speak it every day. Like many ther educated peple frm his area, he speaks a lt f English. Thern hpes the wrld can knw abut his language thrugh Wikitngues. Nw he is wrking t create a dictinary and language teaching materials.
18．If peple want t save their languages, what shuld they send t Wikitngues?
A．A language vide.B．A language dictinary.
C．A language reprt.D．Language teaching materials.
19．Which f the fllwing can be put in ________?
A．Is that a factB．Others are nt cmmn
C．They will disappear snD．Peple hardly speak them
20．Why des the writer give the example f Hebrew in Paragraph 3?
A．T explain the imprtance f the language.
B．T tell us t speak ur mther language.
C．T shw that a language can be brught back.
D．T tell us t pay attentin t the Jewish ppulatin.
21．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Wikitngues has saved many languages.
B．There are mre than 400 languages n Wikitngues.
C．It’s necessary fr peple t prtect their languages.
D．Peple shuld speak their mther language every day.
【答案】18．A 19．B 20．C 21．C
【导语】本文讲述了保护语言的必要性和方式方法。
18．【解析】细节理解题。根据“The cllectin is in the frm f language vides.”可知，如果想要保存语言，要以语言视频的形式寄给Wikitngues。故选A。
19．【解析】推理判断题。根据前文“Sme, like English and Chinese, are spken by hundreds f millins f peple.”和后文“Bra, fr example, is spken by nly a few thusand peple.”可知这两句描述了语言的两种相反情况，因此选项B“其他语言却不常见。”符合此处语境。故选B。
20．【解析】推理判断题。根据例子之前的句子“There are many languages that disappeared but later returned t use. ”可知作者举例是为了表明“消失的语言还是可以被带回的”。故选C。
21．【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容及开头段中“It has a simple gal: t prvide the tls and supprt that peple need t save their languages.”可知，文章主要讲了保护语言的必要性。故选C。
（2022·云南昆明·二模）
Internet buzzwrds (热词), a newly-brn frm f cultural expressin, have becme ppular amng yung peple.
Why d buzzwrds becme s ppular? Because peple prefer t search fr similar grups. In the similar grups, peple use the same way t express themselves, which makes them feel they belng here and are accepted by each ther. Buzzwrds are just this kind f way fr peple t find such grups.
Hwever, sme argue that the buzzwrds cause peple’s pr language use. It is nt true, fr Internet buzzwrds shuld never be regarded as a simple symbl. Fr example, “yyds” expresses that ne persn admires smebdy. It may seem that these peple are nt using cmplete wrds, but in fact, what they are ding is adding clrs t daily life.
Smetimes yung peple can nt express themselves thrugh the cmmn language. But the prblem can be slved by encuraging them t read bks. The ppularity f buzzwrds shuld nt be the culprit. We cannt regard it as a wrng thing. Only by accepting new cultural frms with an pen mind can we mve ahead step by step and make prgress in the cining rimes.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
22．Which f the fllwing is a newly-brn frm f cultural expressin?
A．Dramas.B．Buzzwrds.C．Pems.D．Sngs.
23．Buzzwrds becme s ppular because _______.
A．it is easier fr peple t useB．peple feel t bred
C．peple prefer t use new wrdsD．peple prefer t search fr similar grups
24．Accrding t Paragraph 3, using buzzwrds _______.
A．causes pr language useB．is the best way t express peple’s feelings
C．adds clrs t daily lifeD．encurages peple t read bks
25．The wrd “culprit” in Paragraph 4 prbably means _______.
A．cause f a prblemB．way f expressin
C．perfect planD．useless culture
26．What is the writer’s pinin n buzzwrds?
A．We must refuse these buzzwrds.
B．We’d better use buzzwrds every day.
C．We shuld accept buzzwrds with an pen mind.
D．We can’t slve the prblem caused by buzzwrds.
【答案】22．B 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．C
【导语】本文介绍了网络流行语流行的原因，以及人们对网络流行语的看法。作者认为只有以开放的心态接受新的文化形态，才能循序渐进，在积淀中进步。
22．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Internet buzzwrds (热词), a newly-brn frm f cultural expressin, have becme ppular amng yung peple.”可知，网络流行语是一种新兴的文化表达形式，故选B。
23．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Why d buzzwrds becme s ppular? Because peple prefer t search fr similar grups.”可知，网络流行语变得如此流行是因为人们更喜欢搜索相似的群体。故选D。
24．【解析】细节理解题。根据“It may seem that these peple are nt using cmplete wrds, but in fact, what they are ding is adding clrs t daily life.”可知，使用网络流行语为日常生活增添色彩。故选C。
25．【解析】词句猜测题。根据“Smetimes yung peple can nt express themselves thrugh the cmmn language.”和“We cannt regard it as a wrng thing.”可知，我们不能认为使用网络流行语是一件错误的事，是问题的源头，故选A。
26．【解析】推理判断题。根据“Only by accepting new cultural frms with an pen mind can we mve ahead step by step and make prgress in the cining rimes.”可知，作者认为我们应该以开放的心态接受网络流行语，故选C。
（2022·山东·济宁市兖州区教学研究室二模）
Perhaps yu have seen sme strange English befre, like “big meter” fr dami and “small buy” fr xiamaibu in Chinese. These are examples f incrrect translatins in China. They can be seen everywhere, frm restaurant menus t infrmatin signs.
While many peple find this “Chinglish” t be funny, it is als said t “damage（破坏）the cuntry’s image” and cnfuse（使困惑）English speakers. On Dec 1st, 2017, China carried ut its first natinal standards fr the use f English in public service areas. Peple’s Daily reprted.
The standards include mre than 3, 500 Chinese—t—English translatins in 13 areas, including transprtatin. sprts and educatin. This means that many Chinese wrds will nw have standard English names.
Fr example, the English wrds fr the Chinese dishes huntun and lamian are “wntn” and “lamian ndles”. Fr kachuan and mixian, the English names are “barbecue” and “rice ndles”.
As fr places, shaniangng is called “children’s palace”. The entertainment activity nngjiale that we enjy in rural areas is called “agritainment”. There are als many English warning phrases, like “wet flr” fr xiaxindihua and “mind yur head” fr dangxinpengtu.
The standards are part f a larger effrt China is making t imprve English infrmatin. Many cities have already fixed signs with pr English translatins. In 2015, Shanghai pened a 12345 htline fr peple t reprt incrrect translatins.
27．Which f the fllwing is crrect abut the natinal standards?
A．They will be carried ut n Jan 1st.
B．They are China’s first translatin dictinaries.
C．They have 3, 500 English-t-Chinese translatins.
D．They give many Chinese wrds standard English names.
28．Which is the translatin fr “spicy ht pt”?
A．malatangB．lamianC．hundunD．kachuan
29．We can tell frm the stry that agritainment is _______.
A．a rural placeB．an entertainment activity
C．a warning signD．a place fr kids
30．Why did China cme ut with these standards?
A．T imprve ther cuntries’ images.B．T teach English speakers
C．T fix incrrect English.D．T help mre peple learn English.
【答案】27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文讲述了由于汉译英的一些错误，所以国家制定了一些公共服务领域的英语使用国家标准来纠正错误的英语。
27．【解析】细节理解题。根据“This means that many Chinese wrds will nw have standard English names.”可知国家标准给许多中文单词起了标准的英文名字。故选D。
28．【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Fr example, the English wrds fr the Chinese dishes huntun and lamian are “wntn” and ‘lamian ndles’. Fr kachuan and mixia, the English names are ‘barbecue’ and ‘rice ndles’.”（例如，中国菜馄饨和拉面的英文单词是“馄饨”和“拉面”。对于烤串和米线来说，英文名称是“烧烤”和“米粉”。）可知spicy ht pt字面上意思是“辣火锅”，也就是A选项的“麻辣烫”，故选A。
29．【解析】细节理解题。根据“The entertainment activity nngjiale that we enjy in rural areas is called ‘agritainment’”可知农家乐是一种娱乐活动，故选B。
30．【解析】推理判断题。根据“These are examples f incrrect translatins in China. They can be seen everywhere, frm restaurant menus t infrmatin signs.”以及“On Dec 1st, 2017, China carried ut its first natinal standards fr the use f English in public service areas. Peple’s Daily reprted.”可知中国出台这些标准为了纠正错误的英语。故选C。
（2022·贵州黔西·中考真题）
The Chinese language has been a part f China’s rich histry and culture. It is cnsidered as a useful, valuable and imprtant language in the wrld. It builds a bridge fr the wrld t get clse t and understand China. But in the past, the number f peple learning English was larger than that f learning Chinese.
Accrding t a reprt, abut 100 millin peple utside China are using and learning Chinese. Many kinds f educatinal institutes(教育机构) in abut 100 cuntries set up the curse f Chinese. Mre and mre schls are including Chinese in their teaching plan. Chinese teaching develps rapidly in freign cuntries. The number f peple learning Chinese is increasing fast. Hwever, there are nt enugh teachers f Chinese. S, many cuntries request(请求) China t send teachers f Chinese t teach in their cuntries.
The Natinal Office fr Teaching Chinese as a Freign Language (NOCFL), after careful planning, has made the prgram—“Chinese Vlunteer Prgram fr Teachers f Chinese as a Freign Language”. It is the first natinal prgram t send vlunteers t freign cuntries t teach Chinese. And it is als a very imprtant part f “Prject f Chinese Bridge” f the NOCFL. It has gained(得到) highly attentin and supprt frm Ministry f Educatin(教育部).
The prgram is t prmte (推) Chinese and its culture abrad. And it is imprving its teaching in the wrld and als the understanding and friendship between China and ther cuntries. Chinese peple will wrk tgether with the wrld t create a brighter future fr human beings.
31．What is cnsidered as a useful, valuable and imprtant language in the wrld in this article?
A．English.B．Chinese.C．Japanese.D．German.
32．What is the Chinese f the underlined part abut 100 millin peple?
A．大约1百万人B．大约1千万人C．大约1亿人D．大约10亿人
33．Why d many cuntries request China t send teachers f Chinese?
A．Because they dn’t have enugh teachers f Chinese in their cuntries.
B．Because there are many kinds f educatinal institutes in these cuntries.
C．Because the Chinese language is a part f China’s rich histry and culture.
D．Because mre and mre schls are including Chinese in their teaching plan.
34．What has NOCFL dne after planning carefully?
A．It has made the “Prject f Chinese Bridge” as a very imprtant part.
B．It has set up the curse f the Chinese language in abut 100 cuntries.
C．It has develped the Chinese language teaching rapidly in many freign cuntries.
D．It has made the prgram fr vlunteer teachers t teach Chinese as a freign language.
35．What will Chinese peple d with the wrld?
A．Chinese peple will imprve the understanding and friendship.
B．Chinese peple will imprve the Chinese teaching in the wrld.
C．Chinese peple will create a brighter future fr human beings.
D．Chinese peple will teach the Chinese language and its culture all ver the wrld.
【答案】31．B 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了现在国外有很多人学习汉语的事情。
31．【解析】细节理解题。根据“The Chinese language has been a part f China’s rich histry and culture. It is cnsidered as a useful, valuable and imprtant language in the wrld.”可知汉语被认为是世界上有用、有价值和重要的语言，故选B。
32．【解析】词句猜测题。根据“Accrding t a reprt, abut 100 millin peple utside China are using and learning Chinese”可知据报道，中国境外约有1亿人在使用和学习汉语。故选C。
33．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Hwever, there are nt enugh teachers f Chinese. S, many cuntries request(请求) China t send teachers f Chinese t teach in their cuntries.”可知是因为他们的国家没有足够的汉语老师。故选A。
34．【解析】细节理解题。根据“The Natinal Office fr Teaching Chinese as a Freign Language (NOCFL), after careful planning, has made the prgram—‘Chinese Vlunteer Prgram fr Teachers f Chinese as a Freign Language’. ”可知仔细规划后制定了对外汉语支教项目，故选D。
35．【解析】细节理解题。根据“ Chinese peple will wrk tgether with the wrld t create a brighter future fr human beings.”可知中国人民将为人类创造更加光明的未来。故选C。
（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）A ne-hur special event was held nline t mark the 12th United Natins “Chinese Language Day” n Tuesday. Peple arund the wrld were invited t express their interest and lve fr the Chinese language and culture thrugh shrt vides.
Chinese has a lng histry, which has influenced ther languages in Asia, just like the way Latin has influenced languages in the West. With this histry, will Chinese have a surprising future?
At present, ver ne billin peple speak Chinese in the wrld ——far mre than any ther language’s speakers. It is the language f the cuntry which is the wrld’s secnd largest ecnmy （经济体）. Chinese peple are fund studying and ding business all ver the wrld.
In fact, Chinese is certainly ging t be a wrld language. Why is this certain? We must lk at the ecnmic and plitical pwer f China, which is increasing every day. As we all knw, wrld languages have always been the languages f cuntries with pwerful ecnmies. S we believe that the wrld language will include Chinese smeday.
Freign interest in Chinese has develped very quickly tgether with the develpment f the Chinese ecnmy. Chinese has becme ne f the mst imprtant and ppular languages arund the wrld.
As China develps, mre and mre peple want t learn abut Chinese language and culture t wrk and study in China, and t d business with Chinese cmpanies. Chinese is becming an internatinal language.
36．In Paragraph 1, the underlined wrd “mark” means ________.
A．replaceB．celebrateC．startD．scre
37．Which f the fllwing is wrng?
A．Chinese has a lng histry and will have a bright future.
B．All the languages in the West have been influenced by Chinese.
C．Mre and mre peple will be interested in Chinese.
D．Chinese has becme ne f the mst imprtant languages arund the wrld.
38．As is knwn t all, wrld languages have always been the languages f cuntries with ________.
A．a larger ppulatinB．ppular languages
C．pwerful ecnmiesD．different cultures
39．Accrding t the passage, why d mre and mre peple want t learn abut Chinese language?
①T attend the ne—hur special event.
②T wrk and study in China.
③T express their lve fr shrt vides.
④T d business with Chinese cmpanies.
A．①③B．②④C．①②D．③④
40．What’s the main idea f the passage?
A．Chinese is becming an internatinal language.
B．Chinese has influenced ther languages in Asia.
C．Freign interest in Chinese develps very quickly.
D．Chinese is a useful tl t wrk and study in China.
【答案】36．B 37．B 38．C 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了随着中国的不断强大，世界上越来越多的人开始了解并学习汉语。汉语的前景是光明的，它将成为一门世界性的语言。
36．【解析】词义猜测题。根据“A ne-hur special event was held nline t mark the 12th United Natins “Chinese Language Day” n Tuesday. ”（周二，为第12个联合国“汉语日”，在网上举行了一个小时的特别活动。）可知，应是为了庆祝“汉语日”，所以划线词意为“庆祝”。故选B。
37．【解析】细节判断题。根据“Chinese has a lng histry, which has influenced ther languages in Asia, just like the way Latin has influenced languages in the West. ”（汉语有着悠久的历史，它影响了亚洲的其它语言，就像拉丁语影响了西方语言一样。）可知，B选项“西方所有的语言都受到汉语的影响。”不准确。故选B。
38．【解析】细节理解题。根据“As we all knw, wrld languages have always been the languages f cuntries with pwerful ecnmies. ”可知，世界语言一直是经济强国的语言。故选C。
39．【解析】细节理解题。根据“As China develps, mre and mre peple want t learn abut Chinese language and culture t wrk and study in China, and t d business with Chinese cmpanies.”可知，越来越多的人想学习汉语是因为他们在中国工作和学习以及与中国公司做生意。故选B。
40．【解析】主旨大意题。根据“Chinese is becming an internatinal language.”（汉语正在成为一种国际语言。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了随着中国的不断强大，世界上越来越多的人开始了解并学习汉语。汉语的前景是光明的，它将成为一门世界性的语言。故选A。
（2022·湖北武汉·一模）
41．Frm the abve material, we can knw that __________.
A．the pht was prvided by Cai Xiajin
B．Wuhan Daily reprted the news befre China Yuth Daily
C．the news Can We Speak as Befre cmes frm SCIENTIFIC VIEWS
D．the survey was made n July 3, 2021
42．What des the survey by China Yuth Daily shw?
A．Rhetrical technique is becming less imprtant in the digital era.
B．Abut 76 percent f Chinese peple are lsing their language skills.
C．Yung Chinese peple dn’t need t use wrds t describe phts they psted.
D．Over three quarters f yung Chinese peple think their language skills have weakened.
43．Paragraphs 3 and 4 mainly tell us n the Internet __________.
A．why yung peple like using emjis
B．where yung peple learn new expressins
C．what sme new cmmunicatin ways are
D．which emjis and phrases are mst ppular
44．Because f the cntinued use f direct expressins and emjis, peple culd becme __________.
A．gd at thinking creatively
B．unable t use wrds prperly
C．satisfied with their laziness
D．less interested in talking with thers
45．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．The Internet is a place where we shuld pay attentin t whether r nt ur language ability is becming prer.
B．Digital technlgy and emji have little influence n netizens’ cmmunicatin.
C．Peple can share phts nline t describe things they want t say, s wrds are used mre.
D．We shuld try t think independently and develp ur wn language lgic t imprve ur language skills.
【答案】41．C 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了人们在互联网上使用图片或者表情来交流，可能会失去正确使用文字的能力。
41．【解析】细节理解题。根据图片内容和“SCIENTIFIC VIEWS ”可知，这个新闻Can We Speak as Befre?来自SCIENTIFIC VIEWS；故选C。
42．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Accrding t a recent survey by China Yuth Daily, mre than 76 percent f yung peple in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have declined.”可知，《中国青年报》最近的一项调查显示，超过76%的中国年轻人表示他们的中文水平下降了。故选D。
43．【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段和第四段内容可知，主要讲述了在互联网上一些新的交流方式是什么；故选C。
44．【解析】细节理解题。根据“If teenagers accept casual methds f expressin like emjis, they culd lse the ability t use wrds prperly.”可知，如果青少年接受表情符号等随意的表达方式，他们可能会失去正确使用文字的能力。故选B。
45．【解析】细节理解题。根据“T imprve ur language skills, experts suggest that we shuld try t think independently and develp ur wn language lgic (逻辑). ”可知，为了提高我们的语言技能，专家建议我们应该尝试独立思考，并培养自己的语言逻辑；故选D。
（2022·浙江温州·九年级模拟）Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amunt f listening they d befre they start speaking, and later starters are ften lng listeners. Mst children will “bey” spken instructins sme time befre they can speak, thugh the wrd “bey” is hardly right as a kind f the wanting and happy understanding usually shwn by the children. Befre they can speak, many children will als ask questins by gestures（手势）and by making questining nises.
Any attempt（尝试）t study the develpment frm the nises babies make t their first spken wrds, leads t great difficulties. It is agreed that they enjy making nises, and that during the first few mnths ne r tw nises divide themselves as particularly（特别 ；尤其）expressive as pleasure, pain, friendliness, and s n. But since these can’t be said t shw the baby’s meaning t cmmunicate, they can hardly be regarded as early frms f language. It is agreed, t, that frm abut three mnths they play with sunds fr enjyment, and that by six mnths they are able t add new wrds t their stre. This self-imitatin leads n t easy imitatin（模仿）f sunds made r wrds spken t them by ther peple. The prblem then arises（发生；出现）as t the pint at which ne can say that these imitatins can be cnsidered as speech.
It is a prblem we need t get ur teeth int. The meaning f a wrd depends n what a particular persn means by it in a particular situatin; and it is clear that what a child means by a wrd will change as he gains mre experience f the wrld. Thus the use, at seven mnths, f “mama” as a greeting fr his mther cannt be dismissed as a meaningless sund simply because he als uses it at anther time fr his father, his dg, r anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitatin f what ther peple say cntinues after the child has begun t speak fr himself. I dubt, hwever, whether anything is gained when parents take advantage f this ability in an attempt t teach new sunds.
46．Hw d mst children behave befre learning the language at an early age?
A．They ask questins by repeating the wrds.
B．They take in language thrugh different amunts f listening.
C．They understand and respnd t adults’ ral instructins.
D．They are eager and delighted t cperate with the adults.
47．Children wh start speaking late ________.
A．may have difficulty in their listening
B．prbably d nt hear enugh language spken arund them
C．ften take a lng time in learning t listen prperly
D．usually pay clse attentin t what they hear
48．The prblem f deciding when a baby’s imitatins can be cnsidered as speech is nt imprtant because ________.
A．wrds have different meanings fr different peple
B．the changever（变更）takes place gradually
C．the meaning f wrds changes with age
D．children’s use f wrds is ften meaningless
49．What can we learn frm the underlined sentences in the last paragraph?
A．Parents need nt teach their children new sunds.
B．Children n lnger imitate peple after they begin t speak.
C．Children still enjy imitating after they can speak.
D．Children wh are gd at imitating n lnger need parents’ help.
【答案】46．B 47．C 48．B 49．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了孩子的语言学习过程。
46．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Children are greatly different in the amunt f listening they d befre they start speaking, and later starters are ften lng listeners”可知，大多数孩子在很小的时候学习语言之前他们通过不同程度的倾听来学习语言。故选B。
47．【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“later starters are ften lng listeners”可知，开始说话较晚的孩子通常需要很长时间才能学会正确倾听，故选C。
48．【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“The meaning f a wrd depends n what a particular persn means by it in a particular situatin; and it is clear that what a child means by a wrd will change as he gains mre experience f the wrld.”可知，决定婴儿的模仿何时可以被认为是语言的问题并不重要，因为这种转变是逐渐发生的，故选B。
49．【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Playful and meaningless imitatin f what ther peple say cntinues after the child has begun t speak fr himself.”可知，孩子们在会说话后仍然喜欢模仿。故选C。
（2022·广东深圳·模拟预测）Is there a cnnectin between music and language? Accrding t recent studies, the answer is yes: Music helps develp certain language abilities in the brain.
A study frm Nrthwestern University shws that playing a musical instrument can imprve a persn’s hearing ability. As a part f the study, tw grups f peple listened t a persn talking in a nisy rm. The peple in the first grup were musicians, while thse in the secnd grup had n musical training. The musicians were fund t be able t hear the talking persn mre clearly.
“Musicians hear better,” says study leader Nina Kraus, “because they learn t pay attentin t certain sunds.” Fr example, when the vilinists play in an rehestra(管弦乐队), they must listen clsely t what they are playing and ignre the ther sunds. In this way, musicians can hear certain sunds better, even in a rm with lts f nise.
Gtfried Sehlaug, a dctr at Harvard Medical Schl, wrks with strke(中风) patients. Because f their illness, these peple cannt say their names, address r ther infrmatin. Hwever, they can still sing. Dr. Schlaug was surprised t find singing wrds helped his patients finally speak. Why des this wrk? Schlaug isn’t sure. Music seems t be able t make different parts f the brain active, including the bad parts. In sme way, this helps patients use thse parts f the brain again.
S music is nt nly enjyable, but als gd fr us in many ther ways. “Playing an instrument r singing,” says Nina Kraus, “can help us d better in schl and keep ur brain sharp as we get lder.”
50．What’s the main idea f Paragraph 2?
A．Listening t a peple in a nisy rm can imprve a persn’s hearing ability.
B．Saying his name and address ften can imprve a persn’s hearing ability.
C．Playing a musical instrument can imprve a persn’s hearing ability.
D．Listening t different kinds f sngs can imprve a persn’s hearing ability.
51．What des the underlined wrd “ignre” prbably mean?
A．hear fB．lk dwn upnC．pay n attentin tD．lk ut
52．Hw can Dr. Schlaug help his strke patients speak?
A．By playing music fr them.
B．By getting them t sing wrds.
C．By teaching them t play instruments.
D．By jining the bad parts f their brain.
53．Which is NOT TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Music can make the brain active.
B．Singing can help keep ur brain sharp.
C．Nina Kraus desn’t agree with the study result f Nrthwestern University.
D．Music is gd fr peple.
54．What culd be the best title f the passage?
A．Ways f Playing MusicB．Ways t Make Brains Active
C．Music and Language AbilitiesD．Treating Strke Patients
【答案】50．C 51．C 52．B 53．C 54．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了音乐和语言能力之间的联系，音乐有助于培养大脑的某种语言能力。
50．【解析】段落大意题。根据“playing a musical instrument can imprve a persn’s hearing ability.”以及通读第二段可知，本段主要阐述演奏乐器可以提高一个人的听力。故选C。
51．【解析】词句猜测题。根据“Fr example, when the vilinists play in an rehestra(管弦乐队), they must listen clsely t what they are playing and ignre the ther sunds.”以及“musicians can hear certain sunds better, even in a rm with lts f nise.”可知，音乐家可以更好地听到某些声音，必须要认真聆听所演奏的音乐，而要忽略掉其他声音。可推测出“ignre”意为“忽视，不在意”。故选C。
52．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Dr. Schlaug was surprised t find singing wrds helped his patients finally speak.”可知，Dr. Schlaug通过让病人唱歌词帮助中风病人开口说话。故选B。
53．【解析】细节理解题。根据“ ‘Playing an instrument r singing,’ says Nina Kraus, ‘can help us d better in schl and keep ur brain sharp as we get lder.’ ”可知，Nina Kraus是同意西北大学的研究结果的。故选C。
54．【解析】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了音乐和语言能力之间的联系，音乐有助于培养大脑的某种语言能力。C选项“音乐与语言能力”最适合作本文标题。故选C。
（2022·浙江金华·一模）Chinese is mainly divided int 13 dialects and they can be further divided int many kinds f lcal dialects. Putnghua (Mandarin), the predminant dialect, is spken by ver 70% f the ppulatin and is ne f the fficial languages f the United Natins.
Within these large dialect grups, there are small grups, many f which are difficult t understand. In Fujian, fr example, peple living 10 kilmeters away frm ne anther can be speaking different Min dialects.
Putnghua. It is the mther dialect f Chinese living in nrthern China and Sichuan Prvince. It is called Guyu in sme parts f China, like Hng Kng, Maca and Taiwan. It is knwn in English as Mandarin Chinese, r Standard Chinese.
Wu. Spken in Shanghai, mst f Zhejiang and the suthern parts f Jiangsu and Anhui, Wu is made up f hundreds f different spken frms. Wu speakers, such as Chiang Kai-shek, Luxun and Cai Yuanpei, made a great difference in the mdern Chinese culture and plitics.
Hakka/Kejia. Hakka is widely spken in Fujian, Taiwan and sme cuntries in Sutheast Asia. It is generally acknwledged that the Hakka language was created in the Suthern Sng Dynasty.
Min. It is a brad grup f Chinese languages spken in Fujian, Taiwan and Sutheast Asia. Min grup is the mst diverse (多样的), with many different spken frms used amng verseas Chinese in sutheast Asia.
Xiang. Hunanese, is spken nt nly in Hunan prvince but als in a few parts f Guangxi, Sichuan and Shananxi. Xiang speakers als played an imprtant rle in mdern Chinese histry.
Yue. It is spken in Guangdng, HngKng. Maca, Taiwan, all ver Sutheast Asia and verseas. Hngkng Cantnese ften mix with English wrds because f histrical British influences.
Gan. Jiangxinese, is spken as the native language by the peple in Jiangxi prvince, as well as lts f peple in neighbring regins such as Hunan, Hubei, Anhui and Fujian. Hakka is the clsest language t Gan in term f phnetics.
55．What des the underlined wrd “predminant” mean?
A．Mre Beautiful.B．Mre Special.
C．Mre Interesting.D．Mre Cmmn.
56．The main purpse f the underlined sentence in the secnd paragraph is t ________.
A．cnnect the 1st paragraph and the fllwing nes
B．shw what will fllw in the next paragraphs
C．intrduce the main idea f the paragraph abve
D．guide the fllwing example in the 2nd paragraph
57．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is true?
A．Mst peple in Anhui speak Kejia.
B．Mst peple in HngKng speak Min.
C．Wu is the lcal dialect f Shanghai
D．Yue has the mst different spken frms.
58．What is the writing purpse f this passage?
A．T shw the magic f Chinese.
B．T prve hw big China is.
C．T intrduce the diversity f Chinese.
D．T describe hw useful languages are.
【答案】55．D 56．A 57．C 58．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的方言有很多，并介绍了其中几种方言。
55．【解析】词义猜测题。根据“is spken by ver 70% f the ppulatin”以及常识可知70%以上的人口都说这种语言，说明它占主导地位，非常的普遍。故选D。
56．【解析】推理判断题。根据“Within these large dialect grups, there are small grups, many f which are difficult t understand”以及上下文内容可知，第一段主要讲述了一些比较大的方言群体，接下来介绍了一些小的方言群体，故本句话起到了承上启下的作用。故选A。
57．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Wu. Spken in Shanghai”可知上海人说吴语。故选C。
58．【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国的方言有很多，即汉语的多样性。故选C。
（2022·江苏南京·一模）The wrld is getting smaller and smaller, s in rder t cmmunicate prperly in a freign language, yu shuld als knw mre abut bdy language.
Have yu ever watched a silent film and tried t guess what the characters were saying? Bdy language, like facial expressins, is the mirrr f a persn’s feelings. It helps us cmmunicate withut saying much at all.
Smetimes we can share the cmmn sense frm culture t culture. Turning red-faced shws ne’s anger, shck, r excitement. The wide eyes with a half-pened muth mean surprise. Als, sme ther bdy mvements can express the same meanings in different cultures. Fr example, being back in ne’s seat and yawning at a talk shw peple are nt interested, and lking at the watch frm time t time in a cnversatin means peple have smething t d in a hurry.
Hwever, nt all bdy languages can shw the same meanings in different cultures. What hlds true fr Indians may nt be the same in Africa. First f all, in sme cultures, peple respect and encurage the direct eye cntact. In English, there is a saying, “Dn’t trust anyne wh wn’t lk at yu in the eye.” In many cuntries, direct eye cntact between tw peple is cnsidered imprtant. Accrding t mst Western cultures, if a persn lks directly at yu, it is a sign that the persn is hnest and sincere and even can be trusted. While many cultures believe that direct eye cntact frm a child t an adult is an act f disrespect.
The OK sign, which is cmmnly used in many cultures, als has different meanings acrss the cultures. It means agreement in Nrth American culture. But t French, it means “zer” r “valueless”, nt “fine” r “OK”.
Tuching is anther example. At times, saying hell culd turn int a disaster if ne des nt cnsider the use f tuch in anther culture. A general and accepted way f saying “Hell” in Western culture is a simple handshake. A great deal f imprtance has been placed n hw ne shuld shake hands. In India, hwever, if the same is dne t greet the elderly, perhaps thse in their 60s, yu might express that yu’re calling yurself their equal. What’s mre, the ideal way t greet smene in India is by tuching their feet, nt by shaking their hands.
S, the next time yu decide t travel t anther cuntry, besides lking up places t visit, a quick search r a bk can als guide yu n hw t use prper bdy languages t better cmmunicate with the lcal peple, and avid being implite t them during yur stay!
59．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．A televisin shw.B．The mirrr.
C．Bdy language.D．Persn’s feelings.
60．Accrding t the passage, which ne has the similar meaning frm culture t culture?
A．Turning red-faced.B．Direct eye cntact.
C．The OK sign.D．A simple handshake.
61．Which picture shws the structure (结构) f the passage?
A．B．C．D．
62．Where can yu mst pssibly find this passage?
A．In a stry.B．In the news.C．In a diary.D．In a magazine.
63．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A．Bdy language changes amng cultures.B．Bdy language is mre imprtant.
C．Bdy language influences cmmunicatin.D．Bdy language helps yu g travelling.
【答案】59．C 60．A 61．A 62．D 63．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了肢体语言对交流的影响。
59．【解析】推理判断题。根据上句“Bdy language, like facial expressins, is the mirrr f a persn’s feelings.”可知，身体语言，就像面部表情，是一个人的感情的镜子，可见此处的“It”指代的应是身体语言。故选C。
60．【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Smetimes we can share the cmmn sense frm culture t culture. Turning red-faced shws ne’s anger, shck, r excitement.”可知，有时我们在文化与文化之间可以分享相同的感觉。脸红表示一个人的愤怒、震惊或兴奋。可见脸红在不同的文化中有着相同的含义。故选A。
61．【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段讲述了了解肢体语言的必要性；第二段讲述了肢体语言的功能；第三、四、五段讲述了不同肢体语言在各个国家的具体应用；最后一段教会我们出国旅游前多学习有关肢体语言方面的知识。故选A。
62．【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是肢体语言对交流的影响。它不是故事类的，不是新闻类的也不是日记类的，而是面向大众的科普类知识，应该存在于一本杂志中。故选D。
63．【解析】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了肢体语言对交流的影响。故选C。
（2022·江苏连云港·九年级专题练习）I’ve been interested in languages fr as lng as I can remember. My dad was a language genius（天才）. My family traveled widely when I was a child, and my dad wuld talk t everyne we met easily. His abilities greatly impressed me. I hped that I wuld smeday be able t speak as many languages as he culd.
I wasn’t a natural language learner. When I was 11 years ld, I made little prgress in French at schl and almst gave it up. After I entered cllege, I read many German writers in translatin. I lved them s much that I wanted t read them in their mther language. This drve me t pick up German. After I mastered German, I fund myself in lve with languages. Since then, I have never stpped learning new languages. By my late twenties, I was able t speak French, Latin and Greek.
I’m ften asked what my secret is. The answer is endless hurs f reading and studying. Befre I gt married, I wuld spend 16 hurs every day studying languages. I used t like walking fast utdrs while listening t a recrding f language and repeating it ut lud.
Nw, I can read abut 40 languages and speak mst f them well. Asian languages are mre difficult t master. It tk me almst ten years t get my Krean skills clse t native（母语的）level. I live in Singapre nw. At hme, I speak French with my sns. If my Krean wife is there, we’ll use English. When we dn’t want the kids t understand ur cnversatins, we use Krean.
I’ve studied Esperant（世界语）. I think the wrld will be a less interesting place if there is nly ne language. It is like visiting a garden where there is nly ne type f plant!
64．When he was a child, the writer hped t ________.
A．travel as widely as his fatherB．meet as many peple as his father
C．speak many languages like his fatherD．learn languages as easily as his father
65．The writer decided t learn German because ________.
A．he wanted t cmmunicate with the Germans
B．he wanted t travel t Germany.
C．he wanted t meet his favrite German writer
D．he wanted t read sme bks written in German
66．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the writer?
A．he culd speak German at the age f 11.
B．he culd never give up studying languages.
C．He learned new languages by chatting with native speakers.
D．He practised Krean in rder t cmmunicate with his sn.
67．In the last tw paragraphs, the writer mainly wanted t shw that ________.
A．Asian languages are easy t masterB．Esperant is a useful language
C．learning different languages is necessaryD．a garden shuld be full f types f plants
【答案】64．C 65．D 66．B 67．C
【导语】本文主要讲了作者学习很多语言的经历。
64．【解析】细节理解题。根据“I hped that I wuld smeday be able t speak as many languages as he culd.”可知，作者小时候希望能像父母那样会说许多种语言。故选C。
65．【解析】细节理解题。根据“After I entered cllege, I read many German writers in translatin. I lved them s much that I wanted t read them in their mther language. This drve me t pick up German.”可知，作者学习德语是想阅读更多的德语书。故选D。
66．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Since then, I have never stpped learning new languages”可知，作者从未放弃学习语言。因此B选项正确。故选B。
67．【解析】推理判断题。根据“I think the wrld will be a less interesting place if there is nly ne language. It is like visiting a garden where there is nly ne type f plant!”可推断出，作者主要想表达学习不同的语言是很有必要的。故选C。
（2022·陕西·长庆八中一模）Nbdy knws hw many different languages there are in the wrld. The mst widely used language is English. It’s used by business peple, airline pilts all ver the wrld. It’s als the first language f sprts and science. S it’s very imprtant fr us t learn English.
English is mst widely spken in the wrld, while Chinese has the largest number f speakers. There are nt nly ver ne billin peple living in China, but als many Chinese peple living utside f China. Yu can find large r small grups f Chinese peple living in almst every cuntry in the wrld.
There are sme ther imprtant languages in the wrld, t. Chinese is f curse very imprtant, especially in Asia. Arabic is widely spken in many parts f Asia and Africa. Russian is spken bth in Eurpe and Asia. French is widely understd, nt nly in Eurpe, but als in parts f Canada, Africa and Asia. Spanish has a grwing number f speakers all ver the wrld, especially in Central and Suth Africa.
What language d peple speak in the United Natins? There are s many different languages in the wrld, but they decide t use nly six f them. There are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish. Everything spken r written in ne language is translated int the ther five.
68．What’s the first language f sprts and science?
A．Chinese.B．French.C．Russian.D．English.
69．The underlined wrd “while” here shws ________.
A．English is spken by the mst pepleB．Chinese is spken by the mst peple
C．English is spken in mst parts f the wrld
D．Chinese is spken in sme parts f the wrld
70．The best title fr this passage is ________.
A．The Imprtance f EnglishB．Different Cuntries, Different Languages
C．Sme Imprtant Languages in the WrldD．Languages Used in the United Natins
【答案】68．D 69．B 70．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的一些比较重要的语言。
68．【解析】细节理解题。根据“The mst widely used language is English. It’s als the first language f sprts and science.”可知，英语是第一个被用于体育和科学的语言。故选D。
69．【解析】推理判断题。根据“English is mst widely spken in the wrld, while Chinese has the largest number f speakers.”可知，while“然而”用于表达转折关系，此句重点强调 “汉语是使用人数最多的”。故选B。
70．【解析】最佳标题题。根据“Nbdy knws hw many different languages there are in the wrld. ”和“There are sme ther imprtant languages in the wrld, t.”可知，本文主要介绍的是世界上一些比较重要的语言。故选C。
（2022·浙江温州·九年级模拟测试）
Each year n Feb 21, UNESCO(联合国教科文组织) hlds an Internatinal Mther Language Day (IMLD). The event is t help peple t pay attentin t the disappearance f the wrld’s languages; many f them are disappearing each year. UNESCO sees this as a terrible fact.
What happens when a language dies ut? Smething great is lst—nt just sunds and marks but the way that peple understand the wrld and cmmunicate with each ther. We keep different cultures and traditins thrugh languages. Kill a language and all these are killed t.
Thrugh IMLD, mre and mre peple cme t realize the terrible situatin and try t stp it. Ggle’s 2018 Endangered (濒临灭绝的) Languages Prject is a gd example. Many speakers and prtectrs f endangered languages uplad (上传) texts, audis and vides t the prject website. They want t intrduce the way that peple cmmunicate and express themselves arund the wrld.
The Myaamia Prject is the same kind f effrt t revive (复活) the language spken by the Miami tribes (部落) f the United States. Prject members wrk t encurage peple t study and cmmunicate with this language, which died ut in the 1960s.
These activities give life t thse endangered languages. Peple wh wrk t keep languages alive are nt limited t the past. Many yung peple design apps and use scial media t supprt their activities. They “spread the wrd” t save the wrld.
S, while the prblem f disappearing languages remains a very serius ne, there is hpe. We all have a special feeling f ur mther language. This is why we shuld remember the wise wrds f late president f Suth Africa, Nelsn Mandela: “If yu talk t a man in a language he understands, that ges t his head. If yu talk t a man in his wn language, that ges t his heart.”
71．UNESCO hlds IMLD every year in rder t help peple t ________.
A．learn and use endangered languages
B．shw their talents in learning languages
C．practice reading skills f mther languages
D．realize the situatin f endangered languages
72．What did peple d in Ggle’s 2018 Endangered Languages Prject?
A．Discuss hw t make gd use f Ggle.
B．Offer nline curses n endangered languages.
C．Share materials abut endangered languages nline.
D．Translate endangered languages int mther languages.
73．What can we infer(推断) frm Paragraph 5?
A．It is mre difficult t prtect endangered languages.
B．The disappearance f languages has already stpped.
C．Yung peple dn’t care abut endangered languages.
D．Yung peple have creative ways t prtect languages.
74．The writer mentins Nelsn Mandela’s wrds in rder t ________.
A．tell the imprtance f ne’s mther language
B．shw his cntributins t language prtectin
C．tell the truble in learning endangered languages
D．shw the pssibility f prtecting mther languages
【答案】71．D 72．C 73．D 74．A
【导语】本文主要讲了联合国教科文组织发起的保护母语的活动，讲了母语的重要性以及消亡后的后果。
71．【解析】细节理解题。根据“The event is t help peple t pay attentin t the disappearance f the wrld’s languages”可知，该活动旨在帮助人们关注世界语言的消失，故选D。
72．【解析】细节理解题。根据“Many speakers and prtectrs f endangered languages uplad(上传) texts, audis and vides t the prject website.”可知，许多濒危语言的使用者和保护者将文本、音频和视频上传到该项目网站，也就是说在线分享濒危语言的材料，故选C。
73．【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，现在的年轻人用更有创新的方法保护语言，故选D。
74．【解析】推理判断题。根据“We all have a special feeling f ur mther language. This is why we shuld remember the wise wrds f late president f Suth Africa”可知，提及他的话是为了告诉我们母语的重要性，故选A。
（2022·山东·枣庄市第十五中学一模）If English means endless new wrds, difficult grammar and smetimes strange prnunciatin, yu are wrng. Haven’t yu nticed that yu have becme smarter since yu started t learn a language?
Accrding t a new study by a British university, learning a secnd language can lead t an increase in yur brain pwer. Researchers fund that learning ther languages changes grey matter. This is the area f the brain which prcesses infrmatin. It is similar t the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study als fund the greater the effect is, the yunger peple learn a secnd language. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, frm University Cllege Lndn, tk a grup f Britns wh nly spke English. They were cmpared with a grup f “early bilinguals”, als called secnd language learners (SLL) befre the age f five, as well as a number f later learners.
Scans shwed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in peple withut a secnd language. But the lnger a persn waited befre mastering a new language, the smaller the difference. “Our finding suggests that the structure f the brain is changed by the experience f learning a secnd language.” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability t learn. Prfessr Dylan Vaughan Jnes f the University f Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having tw languages gives yu tw windws n the wrld and makes the brain mre flexible (灵活的),” he said. “Yu are actually ging beynd language and have a better understanding f different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study f native Italian speakers wh had learned English as a secnd language between the ages f 2 and 34. Reading, writing, and cmprehensin were all tested. The results shwed that the yunger they started t learn, the better. “Studying a language means yu get an entrance t anther wrld.” explained the scientists.
75．The main subject talked abut in this passage is _______.
A．science n learning a secnd language
B．man’s ability f learning a secnd language
C．language learning can help brain pwer
D．language learning and maths study
76．In the secnd paragraph, the writer mentins “exercise” in rder t _______.
A．say language is als a kind f physical labr
B．prve that ne needs mre practice when he is learning a language
C．shw the imprtance f using the language when yu learn the language
D．make peple believe language learning helps grey matter wrk well
77．We may knw frm the scientific findings that _______.
A．the earlier yu start t learn a secnd language, the higher the grey matter density is
B．there is n difference between a later SLL and ne nt knwing a secnd language
C．the experience f learning a secnd language has bad effect n peple’s brain
D．the ability f learning a secnd language is changing all the time
【答案】75．C 76．D 77．A
【导语】本文主要讲了语言学习可以提高你的智力，语言学习对大脑的促进作用比做体育锻炼能促进肌肉健全，说明语言学习对大脑的促进有类似的作用。
75．【解析】主旨大意题。作者在第一段中就提出了本文的主题，然后下文围绕这一主题进行深入地阐述，即“语言学习可以提高脑力”。故选C。
76．【解析】推理判断题。根据“Researchers fund that learning ther languages changes grey matter. This is the area f the brain which prcesses infrmatin. It is similar t the way that exercise builds muscles”可知，作者用锻炼肌肉来比喻语言学习对大脑的作用，故选D。
77．【解析】推理判断题。根据“Scans shwed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in peple withut a secnd language”可知学习第二语言越早，灰质密度越大。故选A。
（2022·四川省成都市七中育才学校模拟预测）Peple use languages t cmmunicate. Any language has its ways t express peple’s minds. One f the ways in cmmn is the use f idims (习语). An idim is a grup f wrds. It has a special meaning that is different frm the usual meaning. Fr example, under the weather is an idim meaning ill. S when peple say “I’m under the weather”, they are saying that they’re nt feeling well. Anther example, in all weathers means in all kinds f weather. S, “There are hmeless peple sleeping n the streets in all weathers” tells us that hmeless peple sleep n the streets n matter whether it is cld r ht.
Different languages may have different ways t make idims. Fr peple wh are learning a freign language, idims culd cause misunderstanding and bring them endless headaches. On the ther hand, if things are dne right, idims can als be a fun way f lking int a new culture and understanding hw the peple think and talk.
Metaphr is ften used in idims. Let’s read the fllwing tw examples:
►It makes my bld bil when peple litter.
►The night was dark and quiet; my bld ran cld when I heard a strange nise utside at dark night.
In neither situatin abve, ur bld can reach the pint s high r s lw in temperature. Yet, with the situatins the tw sentences create, it is nt difficult t wrk ut the unhappy feelings f really angry in the first example and very afraid in the secnd.
Of curse, nt all idims are this easy t understand. When we meet idims f a freign language, a gd dictinary f idims is always suggested.
78．In Paragraph 1, the writer gives tw examples under the weather and in all weathers t shw ____________.
A．learning idims is funny
B．idims may bring headaches
C．unusual meanings f idims
79．What des the underlined wrd “Metaphr” mean in Chinese?
A．拟人B．比喻C．排比
80．If yur brther breaks yur cmputer, yu can say t him, “___________”
A．I’m under the weather.B．I’m there in all weathers.
C．Yu’ve made my bld bil.
81．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Idims are nly used in English.
B．Metaphr is always used in idims.
C．Idims can help us lk int a new culture.
82．What is the writer’s advice when yu meet an expressin like under the weather?
A．We are nt suppsed t be afraid f it.
B．We shuld lk it up in a gd idim dictinary.
C．We are expected t ask the freigners fr help.
【答案】78．C 79．B 80．C 81．C 82．B
【导语】本文介绍了一些外语学习中可能会遇到的习语。
78．【解析】推理判断题。根据“It has a special meaning that is different frm the usual meaning. Fr example ... Anther example ...”可知在第一段中，作者给出这两个习语的例子是为了说明习语的特殊含义。故选C。
79．【解析】词句猜测题。根据“In neither situatin abve, ur bld can reach the pint s high r s lw in temperature. Yet, with the situatins the tw sentences create, it is nt difficult t wrk ut the unhappy feelings f really angry in the first example and very afraid in the secnd.”可知洗浴中使用了比喻修辞，“Metaphr”意为“比喻”。故选B。
80．【解析】推理判断题。根据“It makes my bld bil when peple litter.”及“it is nt difficult t wrk ut the unhappy feelings f really angry in the first example”可知make my bld bil形容人在生气时的不愉快情绪，所以当你的哥哥弄坏你的电脑时，你一定是生气的，可以用“Yu’ve made my bld bil.”。故选C。
81．【解析】细节理解题。根据“On the ther hand, if things are dne right, idims can als be a fun way f lking int a new culture and understanding hw the peple think and talk.”可知习语可以帮助我们了解一种新文化。故选C。
82．【解析】细节理解题。根据“When we meet idims f a freign language, a gd dictinary f idims is always suggested.”可知当你遇到像“under the weather”这样的表达时，作者的建议是查一本好的成语词典。故选B。
（2022·福建福州·一模）Ruby is ding a research these days. Belw are sme pieces f infrmatin she has cllected.
In English, we use the prnun it t call a bridge, a chair, r anything withut life. But in Spanish, peple use the prnun el (he) fr a bridge, and ella (she) fr a chair; in German, hwever, the prnun fr a bridge is sie (she), and a chair er (he). When they are asked what they think f a bridge, Spanish speakers think f it as “strng” and German speakers think f it as “pretty”.
Like Spanish and German, French als uses different prnuns fr things withut life. Fr example, in French, a “bridge” is a “fhe”, and a “chair” is a “she”, just like in Spanish. Hwever, these tw languages d nt always agree with each ther n prnuns. In Spanish, a frk is a “he”, but in French, a frk is a “she”. Here, French shares the same idea with German.
Kuuk Thaayrre is a language spken in Prmpuraaw, Australia. This language des nt have wrds that mean “right,” “left,” r “behind”. When Kuuk Thaayrre speakers need t say where things are, they will say smething like “There’s a snake t the suth f yu,” r “The glass is suthwest f the bwl.” Kuuk Thaayrre speakers can always tell where east, west, suth, and nrth are, even in places they’ve never been.
83．Accrding t Paragraph 2, which f the fllwing is crrect?
A．
B．
C．
D．
84．Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．Like German speakers, French speakers might think f a chair as “pretty”.
B．Like Spanish speakers, French speakers might think f a bridge as “pretty”.
C．Like German speakers, French speakers might think f a chair as “strng”.
D．Like Spanish speakers, French speakers might think f a bridge as “strng”.
85．In German, the prnun fr a frk is ________.
A．elB．ellaC．sieD．er
86．What can we learn abut Kuuk Thaayrre?
A．It is widely spken in Australia.B．It has a larger vcabulary than English.
C．Its speakers have a strng sense f directin.D．Its grammar is difficult t learn.
87．After ding the research, Ruby may prbably agree that ________.
A．a language changes when its speakers change their way f thinking.
B．speakers f different languages may see the wrld in different ways.
C．a gd way t learn a language is t live in the cuntry where it is spken.
D．peple wh speak the same language may still fail t understand each ther.
【答案】83．A 84．D 85．C 86．C 87．B
【导语】本文是Ruby做的一项研究。最终她认为不同语言的人可能会以不同的方式看待世界。
83．【解析】细节理解题。根据“But in Spanish, peple use the prnun el (he) fr a bridge, and ella (she) fr a chair; in German, hwever, the prnun fr a bridge is sie (she), and a chair er (he).”可知，但在西班牙语中，人们用代词el（他）表示桥，用ella（她）表示椅子；然而，在德语中，桥的代词是sie（她），椅子是er（他）。因此选项A正确。故选A。
84．【解析】细节理解题。根据“When they are asked what they think f a bridge, Spanish speakers think f it as “strng” .”和“Fr example, in French, a “bridge” is a “fhe”, and a “chair” is a “she”, just like in Spanish. ”可知，说法语和西班牙语的人都可能会认为桥梁“坚固”。故选D。
85．【解析】推理判断题。根据“but in French, a frk is a “she”. Here, French shares the same idea with German.”以及“in German, hwever, the prnun fr a bridge is sie (she), and a chair er (he). ”可知，在德语中，“she”就是“sie”，而德语和法语中“frk”的代词都是“she”，那么推断出德语中frk就是“sie”，故选C。
86．【解析】推理判断题。根据“Kuuk Thaayrre speakers can always tell where east, west, suth, and nrth are, even in places they’ve never been.”可以推出说Kuuk Thaayrre这种语言的人有很强的方向感。故选C。
87．【解析】推理判断题。根据“When they are asked what they think f a bridge, Spanish speakers think f it as “strng” and German speakers think f it as “pretty.””、“ Fr example, in French, a “bridge” is a “fhe”, and a “chair” is a “she”, just like in Spanish. ”、“In Spanish, a frk is a “he”, but in French, a frk is a “she”. Here, French shares the same idea with German.”和“Kuuk Thaayrre speakers can always tell where east, west, suth, and nrth are, even in places they’ve never been.”可知，研究的信息表明使用不同的语言会影响人对事物的看法，所以Ruby可能会同意根据使用不同语言的人可能会以不同的方式看待世界。故选B。
SCIENTIFIC VIEWS Wuhan DailyJuly3, 2021
Can We Speak as Befre?

The Internet is a place where we can talk freely. But it is als a place where we pay little attentin t whether r nt ur language ability is becming prer.
Accrding t a recent survey by China Yuth Daily, mre than 76 percent f yung peple in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have declined (下降). They dn’t use cmplex rhetrical technique (修辞手法) as ften anymre. It is believed that digital (数字的) technlgy and emji have changed their cmmunicatin habits. Fr example, direct expressin is the preferred way t cmmunicate nline. When ne sees smething funny, ne will simply type “hahaha” r use “cry-laugh” emji, Beijing Yuth Daily nted.
Als, cpy and pasted (粘贴) culture is getting ppular. Peple simply pick up expressins frm the Internet withut much thught. Many begin t use a fixed set f sentence patterns, such as “whenever yu disagree with each ther, yu..”.
Cai Xiajin (nt her real name) a teacher frm, tld China Yuth Daily that wrds in general are being used less, Fr example, peple can share phts nline with little need fr wrds t describe them.
If this trend (趋势) cntinues, it culd influence ur way f thinking, Peple’s Daily nted. When we use expressins withut thinking, it means we have becme t lazy t express ur real feelings. If teenagers accept casual (非正式不经意的) methds f expressin like emjis, they culd lse the ability t use wrds prperly.
T imprve ur language skills, experts suggest that we shuld try t think independently and develp ur wn language lgic (逻辑). They als suggest that we shuld read mre wrks f literature, “Keep using varius wrds t shw yur wn feelings,” said Shen Xialng, a prfessr in the Chinese department at Fudan University.