高考英语 考点知识专讲专练（有答案）考点48 七选五

这是一份高考英语 考点知识专讲专练（有答案）考点48 七选五，共29页。

阅读理解七选五要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和考研阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》＂用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。＂的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述＂主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。＂可以得出以下判断：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。
文章体裁以说明文为主，语篇模式较为固定：提出问题——提供解决方案。文章题材较为固定：与学生的日常生活学习紧密相关。
【题型分析】
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discurse）通常是由句子和语段（sentence grup）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的＂积句而成章，积章而成篇。＂就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
【解题步骤】
解题步骤1
在高考的现场如果考生用大量的时间来彻底读懂文章的意思其实是不现实的，也是没有必要的，我们可以尝试以下四步走。
先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题，然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。
【巧学妙记】
（一名(名词)袋（代词）鼠（数次）很特殊（特殊疑问词），连（连词）蹦（动词）带跳很彪（标点/标题）悍。）
2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。
3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。
4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。
答题技巧
细节类题型解题技巧(词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接)
1.词汇的衔接包括：
（1)词汇复现
复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。
复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。
（2)同范畴词出现
同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
(3)代词线索
英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。例如it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或them指代复数名词；ne指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子;these 或thse指代前句的复数名词。
2.逻辑关系的衔接
过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：
A, 并列关系：First(ly),Secnd(ly),...；First, then/next,...；In the first place， in the secnd place...;fr ne thing, fr anther thing ,...；then /next ,finally/last 等。
B, 递进关系：t ,als, besides, further ,furthermre ,mrever ,what’s mre , in additin ,as well , t make matters wrse ,nt ,nt nly als等。
C, 解释例证关系：fr example ,fr instance ,in fact/as a matter f fact ,actually ,in ther wrds /that is t say 等
D, 因果关系： s /therefre ,thus ,cnsequently(结果） ,as a result (f), s/ such ..., s that ...等
E, 转折对比关系：but, hwever , yet ,while /thugh ,r /therwise ,n the cntrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而）, still ,yet, n the cntrary ,in cntrast / cmparisn 等
F, 概况归纳关系：in shrt , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , t cnclude ,in cnclusin, in a wrd ,n the whle , t sum up 等。
3.篇章结构类题解题技巧
根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略
{1)如果问题在段首
通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。
（2)如果问题在段尾
通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefre, as a result, thus, hence, in shrt, t sum up, t cnclude, in a wrd等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
备考策略：
注重实效。阅读时不仅要注意文章的细节，更应该注意文章的布局。
注意命题陷阱。切忌当同样的词，同样的名字或同样的日期都在语文或节选段落中出现，就认为它们是正确的选项，一定要符合逻辑，确保文章内容严谨。
注重速度。进行限时训练，培养实战观念，不可拖沓。
将近几年高考题进行分析，重点分析结构清晰分明的说明文和议论文。
【解题步骤2】
（1）在阅读过程中，重要要关注文章的首段与末段。尤其是文章的这两段的末尾句，因为＂开门见山＂与＂末尾点题＂的写作方式是最为常见的，首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就可以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为＂结尾总结＂式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意首段与末段的提示作用。
（2）做题的时候边读边做。各个问题附近的句子都需要重点阅读，圈画一些线索粗，再从选项中寻找相关的特征词用来判断正确答案。带入排除法也是一种很好的方法。另外，如果发现有一题拿不准的，先跳过，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。至此，文章的要点和主旨、各个段落之间的逻辑关系应该基本就能清楚了。然后再回过去做之前不确定的题目。
（3）做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。若代入选项后，发现文章写作线索中断或是前后矛盾，应更换其它选项。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
（4）切勿随意改答案。要特别注意的是，不要仓促的改自己的之前选定的答案。做这类的题目时，第一印象的可信度还是很高的，除非你已经常有充分的理由否定向前的选择。
【解题策略】
（1）从意思上判断 在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，正确理解了这些句子后，根据意思的连贯性、逻辑性或者线索词从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，再利用线索特征词等进一步确认答案。
（2）从词汇上锁定线索 做保持对一些线索词的敏感是非常重要的，要好好关注空白前后的名词和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。（3）从关联词作为切入点 通常，英语的句段之间经常会运用关联词表示过渡和衔接，让文章的思路与更清楚、逻辑更连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如，在看到表示并列或递进关系的关联词时，一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性;而表示转折让步关系的词则往往表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立;而表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复数名词出现。以下四类为常用的关联词，请大家一定要背熟：
（i）并列与递进：and, r, als，neither… nr…, either…r…,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is t say ,as well as, the same „as, besides, additinally, furthermre, mrever, in additin t ,what is mre
（ii）因果：because, fr, since, as, thus, hence, therefre, s, s…that, cnsequently, accrdingly, due t, thanks t, as a result, because f, in that, fr this reasn, f curse
（iii）转折让步：but, hwever, yet, n the cntrary, by cntrast, n the ther hand, unfrtunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead f, it is true that, f curse, althugh, thugh, even thugh, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite f
（ii）时间顺序：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, t start with，in the meantime, last, later, next, secnd, secndly, then, third, thirdly, t begin with以及一些具体的时间。
5. 试题的位置不同，解题策略也不同
（1）若问题在段首 （i）通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 （ii）与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 有某种的衔接手段。 （iii）段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
（2）若问题在段尾 （i）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。 （ii）通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefre, as a result, hence, thus, t sum up, t cnclude, in shrt, in a wrd等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。 （iii）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。 （vi）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此 根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系 的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第一 句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。（i）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头 是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。（iv）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主 题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。
（3）若问题是一整个自然段 （i）承上启下是这个段落的主要任务，且自成一体，所以会有一个该段落主旨。考生可以从选项中较长的选项开始阅读，以此类推直至找到正确答案。 （ii）着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一两句查找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后一段开头， 因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更为重要。 （iii）分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。
简单来说，最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构，2.在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。
【总结】
主旨大意把握好，读懂选项更重要
关键信息相匹配，核查排除不可少
经验一：前瞻后顾，寻找＂信号词＂，回到选择项中筛选。复现
经验二：浓缩句意，意义匹配，整体把握。同意
经验三：以段落为单位梳理文章脉络,留意文章的起承转合,逻辑及结构
经验四：＂7选5＂句子选择题正确选择项排列有一条不成文规律：选择项呈＂锯齿＂顺序排列，按照人们习惯，看了A就接着看B，接着看C，依此到G，而我们一般做题的正确答案都是＂参差不齐，错落有致＂的,
看了D之后不看E却看A，看E，看了E之后不看 F而看C。这可能是出题者为了干扰我们常规思维而设置的障碍，因此如果考试时间允许，我们可以拿这个来初步检验我们最后的答案是否＂正确＂。
这些技巧多练练就能孰能生巧。同学们学会了吗? 最后祝大家都能在今年的高考中取得好成绩!
题组一（2019年高考真题）
Passage1(2019·新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN I)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Gd fr Yu?
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air.” ____36____ Accrding t recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in yur camping area is gd.
___37___ If the air yu’re breathing is clean-which it wuld be if yu’re away frm the smg f cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing xygen. If yu exercise ut f drs，yur bdy will learn t breathe mre deeply，allwing even mre xygen t get t yur muscles(肌肉)and yur brain.
Recently，peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery. It turns ut that just lking at green，grwing things can reduce stress，lwer bld pressure，and put peple int a better md(情绪).Greenery is gd fr us. Hspital patients Wh see tree branches ut their windw are likely t recver at a faster rate than patients wh see buildings r sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling f peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give is beneficial Vitamin D. T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D—but still prtect yur skin— put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that's plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day's wrth f Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B. S what are yu waiting fr?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F. Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate air with health care.
G. All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
Passage2(2019·新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN II)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Imagine a child standing n a diving bard fur feet high and asking himself the questin:“Shuld I jump? This is what mtivatin r the lack f it can d. Mtivatin and gal setting are the tw sides f same cin. ___36___Like the child n the diving bard, yu will stay undecided.
___37___ Mre than that, hw shuld yu stay mtivated t achieve the gal? First, yu need t evaluate yurself , yur values yur strengths, yur weaknesses, yur achievements, yur desires ,etc. Only then shuld yur yu’re yur gals
Yu als need t judge the quality and depth f yur mtivatin. This is quite imprtant, because it is directly related t yur cmmitment. There are times when yur heart is nt in yur wrk. ___38___ S, slw dwn and think what yu really want t d at that mment. Clarity(清晰)f thughts can help yu mve frward.
Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives, keeping in mind yur beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that gals are flexible.____39____ They als need t be measurable. Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
Yur persnal circumstances are equally imprtant. Fr example, yu may want t be a Pilt but can’t becme ne because yur eyesight is nt gd enugh.____40____Yu shuld reassess yur gals, and mtivate yurself t set a fresh gal.
Yu will surely need t vercme sme difficulties, sme planned, but mst unplanned. Yu cannt vercme them withut ample mtivatin. Make sure that yu plan fr these difficulties at the time f setting yur gals.
A. This can affect yur wrk.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
C. Hwever, this shuld nt discurage yu.
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
F. Mtivatin is what yu need mst t d a gd jb.
G. Withut mtivatin yu can neither set a gal nr reach it
Passage3(2019·新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN III)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In an nline class, develping healthy patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant. ___36___ While I have nly listed tw f each, there are bviusly many ther situatins that can arise. Students shuld be able t extend the lgic(逻辑)f each t their particular circumstance.
D's
• ___37___ Questins abut subject cntent are generally welcmed. Befre asking questins abut the curse design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system infrmatin t be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
• Participate in discussin frums(论坛), blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue. ___38___ Be sure t stay n tpic and nt ffer irrelevant infrmatin. Make a pint, and make it safe fr thers t d the same.
Dn'ts
• Dn't share persnal infrmatin r stries. Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends. If yu are in need f a deadline extensin, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr. ___39___
• Dn't penly express annyance at a prfessr r class. ___40___ When a student attacks a prfessr n the scial media, the language used actually says mre abut the student. If there is truly a cncern abut a prfessr's prfessinalism r ability, be sure t use nline curse evaluatins t calmly ffer yur cmments.
A. That's what they are fr.
B. Turn t an nline instructr fr help.
C. If mre infrmatin is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that nline prfessrs get a lt f emails.
E. Belw are sme cmmn d's and dn' ts fr nline learners.
F. Everyne has taken a nt-s-great class at ne time r anther.
G. Ask questins, but make sure they are gd, thughtful questins.
Passage4(2019·北京卷)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much f the wrk in tday’s wrld is accmplished(完成)in teams. Mst peple believe the best way t build a great team is t gather a grup f the mst talented individuals._____46_____Cmpanies spend millins hiring tp business peple. Is their mney well spent？
___47___They fcused n ftball，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed Fr ftball and basketball，adding talented players t a team prves a gd methd，but nly up t the pint where 70% f the players are tp talent；abve that level, the team’s perfrmance begins t decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball. where additinal individual talent keeps imprving the team’s perfrmance.
T explain this phenmenn，the researchers explred the degree t which a gd perfrmance by a team requires its members t crdinate(协调)their actins.______48______In baseball，the perfrmance f individual players is less dependent n teammates. They cnclude that when task interdependence is high，team perfrmance will suffer when there is t much talent，while individual talent will have psitive effects n team perfrmance when task interdependence is lwer. If a basketball star is. fr example，trying t gain a high persnal pint ttal，he may take a sht himself when it wuld be better t pass the ball t a teammate，affecting the team's perfrmance. Yung children learning t play team sprts are ften tld，“There is n I in TEAM.”___49___
Anther pssibility is that when there is a lt f talent n a team，sme players may make less effrt. Just as in a game f tug-f-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a persn is added，everyne else pulls the rpe with less frce.
___50___.An A-team may require a balance-nt just A players，but a few generus B players as well.
A. It's nt a simple matter t determine the nature f talent.
B. Sprts team wners spend millins f dllars attracting tp talent
C. The grup interactin and its effect drew the researchers' attentin.
D. Stars apparently d nt fllw this basic principle f sprtsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the rle f talent in the sprts wrld.
F. Building up a dream team is mre cmplex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball frm ftball and basketball.
题组二（2018年高考真题）
Passage1(2018·新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN I)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Clr is fundamental in hme design – smething yu’ll always have in every rm. A grasp f hw t manage clr in yur spaces is ne f the first steps t creating rms yu’ll lve t live in. D yu want a rm that’s full f life? Prfessinal? Or are yu just lking fr a place t relax after a lng day? 36 , clr is the key t making a rm feel the way yu want it t feel.
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. 37 , they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there’re really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
38 . They’re the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. 39 . They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. Whether yu’re lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant. 40 .
A. While all f them are useful
B. Whatever yu’re lking fr
C. If yu’re experimenting with a clr
D. Small clr chices are the nes we’re mst familiar with
E. It’s nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F. S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G. Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
Passage2(2018·新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN II )
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu are already making the time t exercise, it is gd indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard t try and find the time t wrk ut. ___36___ Wrking ut in the mrning prvides additinal benefits beynd being physically fit.
Yur prductivity is imprved. Exercising makes yu mre awake and ready t handle whatever is ahead f yu fr the day.___37___
Yur metablism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. ___38___ If yu wrk ut in the mrnings, then yu will be getting the calrie(卡路里)burning benefits fr the whle day, nt in yur sleep.
___39___ Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu, s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
___40___ If yu wrk ut bright and early in the mrning, yu will be mre likely t stick t healthy fd chices thrughut the day. Wh wuld want t ruin their gd wrkut by eating junk fd? Yu will want t cntinue t fcus n psitive chices.
There are a lt f benefits t wrking ut, especially in the mrnings. Set yur alarm clck an hur early and push yurself t wrk ut! Yu will feel energized all day lng.
A. Yu will stick t yur diet.
B. Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C. Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D. There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E. Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4-10 hurs after exercise.
F. After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G. If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu’re ding it nw, then listen up!
Passage3(2018·新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN III )
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Befre there was the written wrd, there was the language f dance. Dance expresses lve and hate, jy and srrw ,life and death, and everything else in between.
___36___We dance frm Flrida t Alaska, frm nrth t suth and sea t sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays , ffice parties and just t fill the time.
“I adre dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the wner f a dance studi in Iwa. “I can't imagine ding anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes fr all ages. "Teaching dance is wnderful. ____37____It's great t watch them. Fr many f them, it's a way f meeting peple and having a scial life."
___38___"I can tell yu abut ne yung cuple," says Bridges. “They're learning t d traditinal dances. They arrive at the class in lw spirits and they leave with a smile. _____39_____”
S, d we dance in rder t make urselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says,“Dance, like the pattern f a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want t get better and better.____40____ I find it hard t stp! Dancing reminds me I'm alive."
A. S why d we dance?
B. Dance in the everywhere.
C. If yu like dancing utdrs, cme t America.
D. My lder students say it makes them feel yung.
E. I keep practicing even When I'm extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems t change their feeling cmpletely.
G. They stayed up all night lng singing and dancing.
Passage4(2018·浙江卷)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mving int a new hme in a new neighbrhd is an exciting experience. Of curse, yu want t make sure that yu becme an acceptable and valuable part f yur neighbrhd . the easiest way t accmplish this is t make sure yu cnduct yurself as a gd neighbr shuld. ___31_____
Perhaps ne f the mst imprtant things yu can d as a gd neighbr is t keep yur prperty(房产) neat, clean, and in gd repair. _____32_ __ By chsing t keep the utside f the hme in great shape, yu will help t imprve the lk and feel f the area.
Secnd, take the verall appearance f the neighbrhd seriusly. When ging fr a walk，take a small garbage bag. ____33_____ This small act will let yur neighbrs knw that yu care abut the area.
_____34____ If a neighbr is ging t be ut f twn, ffer t cllect mail and newspapers. If a neighbr suffers an illness, ffer t d the grcery shpping . Let them knw yu are there t help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy f yur neighbr.
_____35__ _ By fllwing the basic rules f respecting thers, taking care f what belngs t yu, and taking pride in the appearance f the neighbrhd in general, yu will quickly becme a gd neighbr that everyne appreciate.
A. In general, keep an eye n their prperty while they are gne.
B.A gd neighbr is als ne wh likes t help ut in small ways.
C. Being a gd neighbr is mre r less abut cnsiderate behavir.
D. Smetimes neighbrs may g t the supermarket tgether t d shpping.
E. Shuld yu cme acrss waste paper thrwn ut f a passing car, pick it up.
F. Peple tend t take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips t help yu win ver everyne in the neighbrhd quickly
题组三（2017年高考真题）
Passage1(2017·新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN I)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping, I wuld have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were peple wh enjyed insect bites, ill-cked meals, and uncmfrtable sleeping bags. They had nthing in cmmn with me. 36
The friends wh intrduced me t camping thught that it meant t be a pineer. 37 We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm. This brief visit with Mther Nature cst me tw days ff frm wrk, recvering frm a bad case f sunburn and the dctr’s bill fr my sn’s fd pisning.
I was, nevertheless, talked int ging n anther fun-filled hliday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. My nature-lving friends had remembered t bring all the necessities f life.
39 We have dne a lt f it since. Recently, we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40 It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.
A. This time there was n tent.
B. Things are ging t be imprved.
C. The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.
D. I was t learn a lt abut camping since then, hwever.
E. I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was n shade as the trees were n mre than 3 feet tall.
Passage2(2017·新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN II )
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Interruptins are ne f the wrst things t deal with while yu’re trying t get wrk dne. 36 ,there are several ways t handle things. Let’s take a lk at them nw.
37 .Tell the persn yu’re srry and explain that yu have a millin things t d and then ask if the tw f yu can talk at a different time.
When peple try t interrupt yu, have set hurs planned and let them knw t cme back during that time r that yu’ll find them then. 38 .It can help t eliminate(消除) future interruptins.
When yu need t smene, dn’t d it in yur wn ffice. 39 , it’s much easier t excuse yurself t get back t yur wrk than if yu try t get smene ut f yur space even after explaining hw busy yu are
If yu have a dr t yur ffice, make gd use f it. 40 . If smene kncks and it’s nt an imprtant matter. Excuse yurself and let the persn knw yu’re busy s they can get the hint(暗示) than when the dr is clsed, yu’re nt t be disturbed.
A. If yu’re busy, dn’t feel bad abut saying n
B. When yu want t avid interruptins at wrk
C. Set bundaries fr yurself as yur time ges
D. If yu’re in the ther persn’s ffice r in a public area
E. It’s imprtant that yu let them knw when yu’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind t cut peple shirt when they interrupt yu
G. Leave it pen when yu’re available t talk and clse it when yu’re nt
Passage3(2017·新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN III )
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lts f peple find it hard t get up in the mrning, and put the blame n the alarm clck. In fact, the key t easy mrning wake-up lies in resting yur bdy clck. 36 Here’s hw t make ne.
● 37 In rder t make a change, yu need t decide why it’s imprtant. D yu want t get up in time t have breakfast with yur family, get in sme exercise, r just be better prepared fr yur day? Once yu are clear abut yur reasns, tell yur family r rmmates abut the change yu want t make.
● Rethink mrnings. Nw that yu knw why yu want t wake up, cnsider re-arranging yur mrning activities. If yu want time t have breakfast with yur family, save sme time the night befre by setting ut clthes, shes, and bags. 38 That’s a quarter-hur mre yu culd be sleeping if yu bught a cffee maker with a timer.
● Keep yur sleep/wake schedule n weekends. If yu’re tired ut by Friday night, sleeping in n Saturday culd sund wnderful. But cmpensating n the weekends actually feeds int yur sleepiness the fllwing week, a recent study fund. 39
● Keep a recrd and evaluate it weekly. Keep track f yur effrts and write dwn hw yu feel. After yu’ve tried a new methd fr a week, take a lk at yur recrd. 40 If nt, take anther lk at ther methds yu culd try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right mtivatin.
C. A better plan fr sleep can help.
D. And cnsider setting a secnd alarm.
E. If the steps yu take are wrking, keep it up.
F. Stick t yur set bedtime and wake-up time, n matter the day.
G. Recnsider the 15 minutes yu spend in line at the cafe t get cffee.
Passage4(2017·浙江卷)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t D Man-n-the-Street Interviews
The man-n-the-street interview is an interview in which a reprter hits the streets with a cameraman t interview peple n the spt. 31 But with these tips, yur first man-n-the-street interview experience can be easy.
●When yur bss r prfessr sends yu ut t d man-n-the-street interviews fr a stry, think abut the tpic and develp a list f abut ten general questins relating t it. Fr example, if yur tpic is abut envirnmental prblems in America, yu might ask, ＂Why d yu think envirnmental prtectin is imprtant in America?＂ 32
●Hit the streets with cnfidence. 33 Say, ＂Excuse me, I wrk fr XYZ News, and I was wndering if yu culd share yur pinin abut this tpic.＂ This is a quick way t get peple t warm up t yu.
●Mve n t the next persn if smene tells yu she is nt interested in talking n camera. Dn’t get discuraged.
● 34 Each interview that yu get n the street shuldn’t be lnger than ten minutes. As sn as yu get the answer yu need, mve n t the next persn. Make sure that as yu g frm interview t interview, yu are getting a variety f answers. If everyne is giving yu the same answer, yu wn’t be able t use it. A safe number f interviews t cnduct is abut six t ten. 35
●If yur news statin r schl requires interviewees t sign release frms t appear n the air, dn’t leave wrk withut them.
A. Limit yur time.
B. As yu apprach peple, be plite.
C. If yu dn’t wn a camera, yu can buy ne.
D. Fr new reprters, this can seem like a challenging task.
E. T get gd and useful results, ask them the same questin.
F. That number f interviews shuld give yu all the answers yu need.
G. With a questin like this, yu will get mre than a ＂Yes＂ r ＂N＂ reply.
题组四（2017年名校模拟题）
Passage 1(甘肃静宁县第一中学2019届高三模拟)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While yur teen may get OK by waiting until the last pssible secnd t cmplete his high schl science experiment r his math prject, prcrastinatin (拖延症) can be a big prblem later in life. Yur teen’s future bss r cllege prfessrs aren’t likely t accept late wrk-- r the excuses that accmpany delayed prjects. 1 That means managing his time wisely withut requiring cnstant reminders f assistance frm yu t get his wrk dne. Here are sme steps yu can take t teach yur teen essential time management skills:
2 If yu’re always running late r yu miss a lt f deadlines, yur teen will fllw suit. Practice managing yur wn time wisely and shw yur teen that yu can accmplish the mst imprtant tasks in any given day.
Encurage yur teen t write dwn his schedule. Yur teen’s time may easily get taken up with vide games r scial media if he's nt careful. Teach him t schedule his day s he can set aside time fr chres, hmewrk, and ther respnsibilities. 3 Then, time desn’t idly pass withut feeling like he hasn’t dne anything fun.
Help yur teen priritize( 划分优先顺序) activities. 4 A basketball game and birthday party may cincide. Talk t yur teen abut hw t priritize activities, based n his values and cmmitments.
Avid nagging (唠叨). It can be annying t nag yur teen r ffer repeat reminders, 5 Set rules abut yur expectatins and fllw thrugh with cnsequences when necessary. Then, yur teen will learn t manage his time better in the future.
A. Mdel gd time management habits.
B. Encurage him t schedule free time as well.
C. Encurage yur teen t establish healthy habit.
D. it’s cmmn fr teens t have cnflicts in their schedules
E. It’s imprtant t teach yur teen hw t behave respnsibly.
F. As a result, many f them have t learn hw t manage their time repeatedly.
G. and telling yur teen t d his wrk ver and ver again reduces his respnsibility.
Passage 2(河南省中原名校2019届高三第一次质量考评)
The wrld itself is becming much smaller by using mdem traffic and mdern cmmunicatin means. Life tday is much easier than it was hundreds f years ag, but it has brught new prblems. 1 Pllutin means making things dirty. It cmes in many ways. We see it，smell it, drink it and even hear it Man has been plluting the earth. 2 Many years ag, the prblem was nt s。serius because there were nt s many peple. When the land was used up r the river was dirty in ne place, Man mved t anther place. But this is n lnger true. Manis nw slwly plluting the whle wrld. 3 It's bad fr all living things in the wrld, but it is nt the nly ne kind f pllutin. Water pllutin kills ur fish and pllutes ur drinking water. Nise pllutin makes us angry mre easily 4 They stp peple frm burning cal in huses and factries in the city and frm putting dirty smke int the air. The earth is ur hme. We must take care f it 5 And we must take care f the rise in ppulatin at the same time
A. The mre peple, the mre pllutin
B One f the biggest is pllutin
C. Air pllutin is still the mst serius
D. Many cuntries are making rules t fight pllutin.
E That means keeping the land, water and air clean.
F I hpe scientists can find ways t slve the serius prblem
G Strange diseases have appeared jn sme places because f pllutin
Passage 3(山东省淄博市2019届高三部分学校5月阶段性诊断（二模)考试 )
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。
Living t the ripe ld age f 90 may depend n yur bdy size—bth height and weight—as well as yur level f physical activity，and geeing t influence a wman’s lifespan mre than it des a man’s.
The study fund wmen wh lived t 90 were，n average，taller and had put n less weight since the age f 20 as cmpared t wmen wh were shrter and heavier.1. Hwever，men saw mre benefit frm physical activity than wmen.
In 1986 researchers asked ver 7,000 Nrwegian men and wmen between age 55 and 69 abut their height，current weight，and weight at age 20.Bth genders als tld researchers abut their current physical activities.2. The men and wmen were then srted int daily activity qutas：less than 30 minutes，30 t 60 minutes，and 90 minutes r mre.
Men and wmen in the study fared very differently when it came t the impact f bdy size and exercise.
Wmen wh weighed less at age 20 and put n less weight as they aged were mre likely t live lnger than heavier wmen.3. The study fund wmen wh were taller than 5 feet 9 inches were 31％mre likely t live int their 90s than wmen wh were less than 5 feet 3 inches.
4. Men wh spent 90 minutes a day r mre being active were 39％mre likely t live t 90 than men wh were physically active fr less than 30 minutes.
Hwever，wmen wh were physically active fr mre than 60 minutes a day were nly 21％mre likely t live t 90 than thse wh did 30 minutes r less.And unlike men，there was n bnus fr increasing activity.5.
A. Height played a majr factr.
B. N such assciatin was seen fr men.
C. The study was bservatinal and culdn’t establish cause.
D. In fact，the study fund that the ptimal level f activity fr wmen was 60 minutes a day.
E. Neither height nr weight seemed t factr int whether the men reached their 90s，but activity level did.
F. In additin，fr each 30 minutes a day the men were active，they were 5％mre likely t reach that age.
G. And they included dg walking，gardening，hme imprvements，walking r biking t wrk and sprts.
Passage 4(安徽师范大学附属中学2019届高三5月考前适应性检测)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cmpetitin is all arund us and it makes the strng strnger and the weak weaker. It can als teach us hw t survive in a fast-paced and stressful wrld. 1 . Hw many f us have seen yung bys weeping because their teams didn’t win inter-schl turnament? Hw many f us have seen yung teenagers cheat just t win? 2 S it’s imprtant t develp healthy cmpetitin amng children.
When it cmes t encuraging healthy cmpetitin amng children, the first thing t d is set gals fr them t stick t. 3
Since children may be easily affected by wrng ideas frm ppular media and the Internet, it’s up t yu t develp the right kind f spirit in them. Team spirit will help them grw int human beings wh aren’t easily annyed by small lsses r t excited by victries. 4 S give them examples where family members refused t cheat t win.
5 . When they take an exam, dn’t ask abut hw much they expect t scre; instead, ask what they wrte abut. If yur sn played a cricket match at schl, dn’t ask him whether his team wn r lst; ask him hw many runs he scred and encurage him t scre higher next time instead. When yu let yur children knw that yu’re mre interested in hw they perfrmed rather than whether they lst r wn, they will surely try t better themselves.
A. Hwever, yu mustn’t push them t hard and burden them with t high a gal
B. We shuld als encurage healthy cmpetitin amng children
C. These are the effects f unhealthy cmpetitin
D. In additin, they may als nt want t adpt just any methd t win, like cheating r lying
E. Care mre abut children’s perfrmance rather than the results in a sprts match
F. Hwever, children can be hit by cmpetitin
G. Sending yur children the right signals is als imprtant
题组一
Passage1
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气，阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”，治疗病人了。
36.E
根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。故选E：但是新鲜空气真得像你母亲说的那样对你有好处吗？空前的peple tell us t “g ut and get sme fresh air”和选项中的“yur mther always said”亦是呼应。
37.A
根据下一句中提到的“If the air yu’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving, energizing xygen”可知，新鲜空气充满赋予人生命的，充满活力的氧气。下文中“…breathe mre deeply, allwing mre xygen t get t yur muscles and yur brain”是对前文的递进：在户外，更多的氧气进入你的肌肉和大脑。根据前面的分析可以推知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用，根据常识，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项：新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部。
38.G
根据下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词，故选项G：在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”。these places就是指Healing Gardens。
39.C
前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对于病人康复的好的作用：绿色的正在成长的植物可以减轻压力，降低血压，使人情绪良好。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。该空起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的it也要指代这种情况。故C选项切题：身处大自然可以使人精神焕发。
40.D
根据下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，该段介绍的阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及阳光。故选D：获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。
Passage2
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。
36.G
上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空承上启下，G选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。
37.B
下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢”切题，故选B。
38.A
上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。
39.E
上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。
40.C
上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这也不要使你沮丧”切题，故选C。
Passage3
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。
36.E
根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an nline class, develping healthy patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant，可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故选项E符合语境。
37.G
根据其后一句Questins abut subject cntent are generally welcmed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，可知，与G项“make sure they are gd, thughtful questins”相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。
38.A
根据前一句 Participate in discussin frums（论坛）, blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。
39.C
根据本段Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故选项C符合语境。
40.F
通读本段，并根据本段主题句Dn’t penly express annyance at a prfessr r class.告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F符合上下文语境。
Passage4
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。
46.B
上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的人
个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。
47.E
下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和篮球。结果有好有坏。”该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。
48.G
上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。
49.D
上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
50.F
下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些优雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。
题组二
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。
36.B 【解析】36题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除D,E,F,G项。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选B（不管你寻找哪一种）。
37.A 【解析】前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复杂。所以A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。
38.D 【解析】本空是一个主题句，总说选择小颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小颜色的具体用途。故选D。
39.G 【解析】根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是对小型颜色选择在两种方式上的进一步提示，故选G。
40. F 【解析】前文the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的。后文F那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好。故选F。
Passage2
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。
36.G 【解析】根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up!（那么请仔细听!）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
37.E 【解析】根据上一句Exercising makes yu mre awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。
38.F 【解析】空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。
39.B 【解析】此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
40.A 【解析】根据空后句子“If yu wrk ut bright and early in the mrning, yu will be mre likely t stick t healthy fd chices thrughut the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。）”，A项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。
36.B 【解析】根据空后的内容We dance frm Flrida t Alaska, frm nrth t suth and sea t sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays , ffice parties and just t fill the time.可知，这里是说遭美国都有人跳舞
从弗罗里达到阿拉斯加，从北到南等，因此B项符合题意。
37.D 【解析】根据前文舞蹈课为各个年龄阶段的人架起了桥梁，教跳舞是非常好的，再根据后句it’s great t watch them，根据人称可知是在谈论他们，所以D和F符合，再根据本段最后一句可知，此段主要介绍了跳舞对他们的好处，故选D。
38.A 【解析】根据第四段后句，是通过举例介绍人们跳舞的原因，故选A。
39.F 【解析】根据前句they arrive at the class in lw spirits and they leave with a smile, 所以他们的心情彻底改变，故选F。
40.E 【解析】根据文章前后句可知，此处人称为第一人称，所以E符合语境，作者结合自己的跳舞经历介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。
Passage 4
【文章大意】怎样成为一个邻居都喜欢的人，作者给了几点建议。
31.G 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲如果你想成为邻居中一个可以接受和有价值的部分，最简单的方法就是确保你的行为举止像一个好邻居。下文是具体做法，G项：这里有一些技巧，可以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的信赖。承上启下，故选G。
32.F 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段介绍和邻居关系融洽最重要的是保持干净整洁的户内户外环境，F项中keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. 保持街上的一切新鲜和诱人，与本段意思一致，故选F。
33.E 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要建议要重视社区的整体面貌，出门拿上一个垃圾袋，E项：遇到从路过的汽车里扔出的废纸，把它捡起来。与上句连接，是拿垃圾袋的作用。故选E。
34.B 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段是建议用邻居可以接受的方式帮助他们，同时尊重邻居的隐私。B项：好邻居就是喜欢在小的方面帮助别人的人，符合本段内容，故选B。
35.C 【解析】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。最后一段是总结，只要我们考虑周到，尊重他人，照顾好属于自己的东西，为周围的人感到自豪，很快就会成为一个大家都喜欢的好邻居。C项中cnsiderate behavir是下文内容的概括，故选C。
题组三
Passage1
【文章大意】三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。
36.D 【解析】根据前文可知三年前作者认为露营和自己无关，而后文中表明作者热爱露营，暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。D选项中的hwever表示转折。且If anyne had tld me three years ag that I wuld be spending mst f my weekends camping暗示作者态度的转变就在三年前，D选项中的since then＂自从那时候起＂和前文时间吻合。故选D。
37.C 【解析】根据后文We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm可知作者第一次露营的条件很艰苦，C选项The trip they tk me n was a rugh ne.中的rugh暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。
38.A 【解析】根据前文We slept in a tent, cked ver an pen fire, and walked a lng distance t take the shwer and use the bathrm可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡、上厕所，条件很艰苦，而后文中Instead, we had a pp-up camper with cmfrtable beds and an air cnditiner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项This time there was n tent＂这次没有帐篷了＂暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。
39.F 【解析】根据后文we bught a twenty-eight-ft travel trailer cmplete with a bathrm and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedrm, a mdern kitchen with a refrigeratr. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping(那次露营之后，我的家人开始对露营感兴趣)符合语境，故选F。
40. E 【解析】根据后文It must be true that sner r later, everyne finds his r her way back t nature. I recmmend that yu find yur way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项I must say that I have certainly cme t enjy camping.(我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营)既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好地衔接了后文。故选E。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。为避免工作被打断是一件令人感觉很糟糕的事，文章提出了几点建议，防止此类事件的发生。
36.B 【解析】根据there are several ways t handle things，可知下文是关于几种防止在工作中被别人打断的方法，此句与前半句构成一个完整的句子，根据语境分析。故选B。
37.A 【解析】根据后文＂Tell the persn yu’re srry and explain that yu have a millin things t d and then ask if the f yu can talk at a different time＂可知，学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选A。
38.E 【解析】根据横线前＂have set hurs planned and let them knw t cme back during that time r that yu’ll find them then＂安排好时间，让他们知道你在什么时候回来，或者告诉他们，你会去找他们，再结合后文＂It can help t eliminate(消除) future interruptins＂可知选E。
39.D 【解析】根据后文＂it’s much easier t excuse yurself t get back t yur wrk than if yu try t get smene ut f yur space even after explaining hw busy yu are＂，此句中it指代前文＂dn’t d it in yur wn ffice.＂，也就是说此段中作者认为比起在自己的办公室解释，不在自己的办公室更容易点。故选D。
40.G 【解析】根据＂If yu have a dr t yur ffice, make gd use f it.＂可知，此段主要是讲述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。故选G。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何帮助人们制订一个计划去调节生物钟，确保起床不再是一件令人头疼的事。
36.C 【解析】根据后句中的关键词ne可以判断出，根据空前及空后的内容可知，空处应为解决方法，再结合所给选项可知只有C选项符合语境。
37.B 【解析】本段内容是建议人们要先确定为什么要早起，弄清早起的目的是什么，也就是早起的动机是什么。因此B项可以概括本段的中心。
38.G 【解析】根据下句内容可知，作者建议人们买一个可以定时的咖啡机，这样可以节约15分钟的喝咖啡时间，能够多睡15分钟，文中的a quarter-hur 和选项中的15 minutes相呼应，是信息提示词。故选G。
39.F 【解析】根据段落的中心句可知，本段是建议人们在周末也要坚持自己的作息时间，由此推断出Stick t yur set bedtime and wake-up time, n matter the day符合语境。故选F。
40.E 【解析】后句建议人们如果这样做没作用就尝试新办法，由此推断出该空与If nt对应，即如果有效果的话如何去做。故选E。
Passage4
【文章大意】本文主要讲了进行街道随机采访的若干技巧。
31. D 【解析】根据空格后一句中的＂yur first man-n-street interview experience can be easy＂可知这是对于记者新人所提出的建议，而选项D中的＂new reprters＂正好与其相承接，故选D。
32. G 【解析】空格前一句是个远非yes或n就可以回答的提问，而选项G中＂With a questin like this…＂正好与其相承接，故选G。
33. B 【解析】根据空格后一句所说的很有礼貌的提问，可知这里的建议应该是提问时要注意礼貌，而选项B中的plite正好与其相呼应，故选B。
34. A 【解析】根据空格后一句＂Each interview that yu get n the street shuldn’t be lnger than ten minutes.＂可知这一段的建议是要限制采访的时间，故选A。
35. F 【解析】空格前一句是＂A safe number f interviews t cnduct is abut six t ten＂, 而选项F中＂That number f interviews…＂正好与其相呼应，故选F。
题组四
Passage1
【文章大意】本文属于说明文，介绍帮助孩子树立时间管理意识的培养的建议。
1.E 【解析】根据下句That means managing his time wisely withut requiring cnstant reminders f assistance frm yu t get his wrk dne可知，那就意味着不需要父母的经常提醒就能够很好的管理好时间，从而完成任务，与E选项，教会孩子对自己负责很重要，与下句中that呼应 ，故切题，选E。
2.A 【解析】分析本文结构可知，本文属于总分结构，本空为本段的小标题，根据本段中If yu’re always running late r yu miss a lt f deadlines, yur teen will fllw suit.可知，本段主要讲述父母要为孩子树林榜样，故A选项符合。
3.B 【解析】根据本空下一句Then, time desn’t idly pass withut feeling like he hasn’t dne anything fun.可知，不会让孩子感觉自己没有做一些有意义的事情，故与B选项，让孩子自由支配他们的空闲时间，切题，故选B。
4.D 【解析】根据本空后一句A basketball game and birthday party may cincide.可知，举例说明时间冲突很常见，故与D选项符合，故选D。
5.G 【解析】根据本段小标题Avid nagging (唠叨).可知，本段主要阐述唠叨对孩子的弊端，故G选项符合。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文介绍了世界上各种污染情况，从空气污染到噪音污染都做了详细地说明。
1.B 【解析】上文提示“今天的生活比几百年前要容易得多，但它带来了新的问题。”再根据下文提示“污染意味着脏。”承接上下文，B. One f the biggest is pllutin（最大的问题之一是污染。）切题。故选B。
2.A 【解析】下文提示“许多年前，这个问题并不是很严重，因为没有那么多人。”由此可知，A.项The mre peple, the mre pllutin（人越多，污染越多。）切题。故选A。
3.C 【解析】下文提示“这对世界上所有的生物都是有害的，但它并不是唯一的一种污染。”承接下文，C项Air pllutin is still the mst serius（空气污染仍然是最严重的。）从下文的water/nise可知此处it指的是Air pllutin，故选C。
4.D 【解析】下文提示“他们阻止人们在城市里的房子和工厂里烧煤，并禁止把肮脏的烟雾排放到空气中。”承接下文，D项Many cuntries are making rules t fight pllutin.（许多国家正在制定治理污染的规则。）下文中的they指代的就是该项中的Many cuntries。故选D。
5.E 【解析】上文提示“地球是我们的家园。我们必须照顾好它。”承接上文，E项That means keeping the land, water and air clean.（这意味着要保持土地、水和空气的清洁。）该项中的that指的就是上文内容。故选E。
Passage 3
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是人的寿命取决于哪些因素。活到90岁的高龄可能取决于你的身高和体重以及你的身体活动水平，并且鼓励会影响一个女人的寿命比影响一个男性的寿命更多。
1.B
上文提示“研究发现活到90岁的女性，平均而言，自从20岁就更高，更不易发胖，这是与更矮、更重的女性相比。”承接上文，B项N such assciatin was seen fr men.（没有见过有这样的男人协会。）切题。故选B。
2.G
上文提示“男女双方还告诉研究人员关于他们当前的体育活动。”承接上文，G项And they included dg walking，gardening，hme imprvements，walking r biking t wrk and sprts.（他们包括遛狗、园艺、家庭环境的改善、走路或骑自行车去上班和运动。）切题。该项中的they指的就是上句中的activities。故选G。
3.A
下文提示“研究发现高度超过5英尺9英寸的女性与身高不到5英尺3英寸的女性相比，有31%更有可能活到90多。”承接下文，A项Height played a majr factr.（高度扮演了一个主要因素。）故选A。
4.E
下文提示“一天花了90分钟或更多在运动上的男性与每天锻炼少于三十分钟的男性相比有39%更有可能活到90岁。”承接下文，E项Neither height nr weight seemed t factr int whether the men reached their 90s，but activity level did.（男性是否能活到90多岁，其因素似乎既不是身高也不是体重，而是活动标准。）切题。故选E。
5.D
上文提示“与男性不同，没有奖金增加活动。”承接上文，D项In fact，the study fund that the ptimal level f activity fr wmen was 60 minutes a day.（事实上，研究发现，女性的最优水平的活动是每天60分钟。）切题。故选D。
Passage 4
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何培养孩子之间的健康竞争。
1.F
根据下文提到的两个问题：我们中有多少人见过年轻的男孩因为他们的球队没有赢得校际比赛而哭泣？我们中有多少人见过青少年为了赢而作弊？这两个问题是两个例子，证明竞争会让人受到打击。故F选项切题。
2.C
前面提到的两个问题折射出不健康竞争产生的影响。故C选项切题。同时，该选项又引出下文：所以培养孩子之间的健康竞争是很重要的。
3.A
上一句提到：当它来鼓励孩子们的健康竞争时，要做的第一件事就是设定他们的目标。该空承接上文，对设定目标这件事作进一步的说明。故A选项切题：然而，你不能把他们逼得太紧，让目标成为他们的负担。
4.D
下文提到：所以给他们举个家人为了赢而拒绝作弊的例子。根据下文中的s可知，该空和下文之间是因果关系。那么，该空应该提到作弊这样的话题。选项中只有D选项与此有关：此外，他们也可能不想采取任何手段来取胜，比如欺骗或撒谎。该空同时承接上文：团队精神将帮助他们成长为一个人，他们不会轻易被小损失所困扰，也不会因胜利而过于兴奋。该选项也体现了团队精神的作用。综上，D选项切题。
5.G
该段提到：当他们参加考试时，不要问他们期望多少分数，而是问问他们写了些什么。如果你的儿子在学校打板球，不要问他的球队是赢还是输；问他进了多少分，鼓励他下一次得分更高。当你让你的孩子知道你对他们的表现更感兴趣，而不是他们是输了还是赢了，他们肯定会努力让自己更好。通过该段内容可知，作者建议家长给孩子传递正确的信息：你关心的是他们的表现，而不是成绩。故G选项正确。