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2025版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题突破专题2第2讲非谓语动词课件
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这是一份2025版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题突破专题2第2讲非谓语动词课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了dressed，turning，trapped，operating，standing，aged，to reduce，packed，gone，to settle等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考点突破 · 精讲即练
非谓语动词概述1．什么是非谓语动词非谓语动词是动词的特殊形式，在句子中可以充当谓语以外的成分。2．非谓语动词在句子中的作用一个句子中已存在一个谓语动词，又没有连词的情况下，再出现一个动词则用非谓语动词。
She gt ff the bus，but she left her handbag n the seat.(有并列连词，所以用谓语动词)She gt ff the bus，leaving her handbag n the seat.(没有连词，所以用非谓语动词)3．非谓语动词的种类：动词-ing形式、过去分词和不定式。
考点一 非谓语动词作状语一、动词不定式作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等1．作目的状语，有时也用in rder t或s as t，但s as t不用于句首。(2022·全国甲卷满分作文)We will cntinue ur campaign t prevent and cntrl cean pllutin t make ur ceans clean.我们将继续我们的运动，以预防和控制海洋污染，使我们的海洋变得干净。
2．作结果状语，常用结构enugh t, , nly t 等。I'm t tired t stay up any lnger.我太累了，实在不能再熬夜了。3．作原因状语，此时常与表示情感的形容词连用，如glad, happy, frightened, surprised 等。I was frightened t find that in frnt f my dr sat a dg.我惊恐地发现我家门前坐着一只狗。
二、动词-ing 形式作状语动词-ing 形式作状语，常表示原因、伴随、时间、结果等，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。Walking in the street，I came acrss an ld friend.(时间状语)走在大街上，我碰到一个老朋友。Having waited in line fr tw hurs，the ld man became impatient.(原因状语)已经排了两小时的队，这个老人变得不耐烦了。His parents died, leaving him an rphan.(结果状语)他的父母去世了，让他成了孤儿。
【点津】动词不定式作结果状语时，常表示意想不到的结果；而动词-ing 形式作结果状语时，常表示自然而然的结果。
三、过去分词作状语1．过去分词作状语，分词与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。Seriusly injured, she has t be sent t the hspital at nce.她受了重伤，必须马上送往医院。2．某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构中，此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如lst (迷路的), seated (坐着的), hidden (隐瞒的), lst/absrbed in (沉溺于), dressed in (穿着……的), tired f (对……感到厌倦的)等。Absrbed in the bk, he didn't ntice me enter the rm.他完全被这本书所吸引，没有注意到我进入房间。
【点津】独立成分作状语，其形式不受上下文的影响。常用的有cnsidering that...(鉴于……；考虑到……)；generally speaking(总的来说); judging by/frm...(从……来看；依据……来判断); suppsing that...(假定……); prviding that...(假定……); wing t...(由于……); talking/speaking f...(谈及……); given that...(考虑到……)；prvided that...(如果……); t tell the truth (实话实说)；t be hnest (老实说)等。
即时演练(一)单句语法填空1．He hurried t the statin, nly ________________ (infrm) that the train had left. 2．_____________ (remember) all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr's ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment. 3．He was a tall man in his fifties, _________ (dress) in a business suit.
t be infrmed
4．She has never seen such a cllective dedicatin frm a natin, ________ (turn) things fr the better by sacrificing persnal cnvenience.5．He used t be addicted t electrnic devices and stay up late every night, _________ (trap) in an unhealthy daily rutine.
考点二 非谓语动词作定语一、动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系、动宾关系或同位关系。(1)当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词，the nly，the next等修饰时，常常用t d 作定语。She is always the first t cme and the last t leave.(主谓关系) 她总是第一个来，最后一个离开。
(2)用在固定句型sb.have sth.t d和 there be sth.t d中。Students cmplain that they have endless hmewrk t d every day.(动宾关系) 学生们抱怨他们每天有做不完的作业。(3)修饰某些名词，如chance，pprtunity，way，ability，plan，appeal，privilege等。His last appeal t cme and see her went unanswered.(同位关系)没有人答应他最后要来看她的请求。
二、动词-ing形式作定语1．该动词与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或用来表示正在进行的动作时，用动词-ing 形式。 The lecture, starting at 7 'clck last night, was fllwed by an bservatin f the mn with telescpes.这次演讲开始于昨天晚上7点，紧接着是用望远镜观看月球的活动。 【点津】被修饰的名词与动词-ing之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时，用动词-ing形式的被动式作定语。
2．表示被修饰词的某种用途，在意义上相当于“名词＋fr＋ding”，此时动词-ing形式常置于被修饰词的前面。 a swimming pl＝a pl fr swimming游泳池 a waiting rm＝a rm fr waiting候车室
三、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语，分词与被修饰的名词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 Tsinghua University, funded in 1911, is hme t a great number f utstanding figures.建于1911 年的清华大学培养出了众多杰出人物。 【点津】作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有ding和dne两种。ding 表示正在进行；dne表示已经完成。
即时演练(二)单句语法填空1．They held hands as Mark was wheeled int the ___________ (perate) rm.2．I admit I was t scared at that mment and the uncle __________ (stand) beside me was giving me an awkward lk.3．The reprt, which was published in The Lancet in 2019, was based n research dne with students ______ (age) 11 t 17 in 146 different cuntries.
4．In my everyday life, I am n an nging jurney t figure ut different ways ___________ (reduce) my carbn ftprint n the planet. 5．They find cmfrt amng the shelves ________ (pack) high with bks and appreciate the smiling faces f librarians eager t help.
考点三 非谓语动词作补足语1．感官动词和短语(see，watch，bserve，ntice，lk at，hear，listen t，feel)后面的宾语补足语常见的非谓语动词形式有三种(d, ding, dne)。d表示主动和完成(被动句中动词不定式符号t要还原)，ding表示主动或正在进行，dne 表示被动或完成。The missing by was last seen playing near the river.失踪的男孩最后一次被看到时正在河边玩耍。I hear the sng sung every time I pass by the cffee shp.每当我经过这家咖啡屋，我都能听到有人唱这首歌。
I ften hear the girl sing the sng which is ppular recently.＝The girl is ften heard t sing the sng which is ppular recently.我经常听到这个小女孩唱这首最近很流行的歌。
2．动词let, make, have, get, leave, keep, find，catch后接非谓语动词形式作宾语补足语。On the cntrary, thse wh let teenagers experience the cnsequences f their actins can d better.相反，那些让青少年体验他们行为后果的人能够做得更优秀。She had t raise her vice t make herself heard.她不得不提高嗓门使自己被听到。The headmaster was angry t catch sme students smking again.又一次抓住一些学生吸烟，校长很生气。
3．固定短语(如advise/allw/encurage/request/warn/invite sb. t d sth.等)中动词不定式作宾语补足语。I am writing t invite yu t cme t my birthday party.我写信邀请您来参加我的生日晚会。4．with/withut的复合结构：with/withut＋名词/代词＋ding (表示主动、进行)/dne(表示被动、完成)/t d(表示目的、将来)。Withut anyne nticing me, I stle int the rm.没有人注意到我，我偷偷溜进了房间。
With his hair cut，he lked much yunger.理了发，他看起来年轻多了。With a lt f hmewrk t d，I can't g skating with yu.因为有很多作业要做，所以我不能和你一起去滑冰。
即时演练(三)单句语法填空1．She returned hme, nly t find the dr pen and a number f things ______ (g)．2．With a lt f difficult prblems _________ (settle), he can't get hme early. 3．With the by _________ (lead) the way, the sldiers managed t walk thrugh the frest.
4．Nt seeing r hearing any fire engines _____________ (apprach), Grant rushed t a side entrance and ran up the stairs.5．Fu believes it was his scientific apprach t training that enabled him _____________ (vercme) thse difficulties and reach his destinatin.
考点四 非谓语动词作宾语1．下列动词只能用动词不定式作宾语
She pretended nt t see me when I passed by.当我经过时，她假装没看见我。
2．下列动词只能用动词-ing形式作宾语
We enjy reading English stries.我们喜欢读英语故事。
【点津】如果作宾语的动词不定式有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语后置。I find it impssible t change her idea.我发现改变她的想法是不可能的。
①I meant t g, but my father wuld nt allw me t.我想去，但是我的父亲不让我去。②Raising wages means increasing purchasing pwer.提高工资意味着增加购买力。
4．“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构动词不定式可以与疑问代词和疑问副词(why除外)等连用，构成动词不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。I didn't knw hw t get back t the village.我不知道怎样回到村子。Experience tells yu what t d; cnfidence allws yu t d it.经验告诉你做什么，而信心让你去做这件事。
5．固定结构“d/have/其他动词＋sth.＋but/except (t) d sth.”中的动词不定式用法：要遵循前有实义动词d，but/except后则无t，反之则有t的原则。She had n chice but t cry in the face f the difficulty.面对困难，除了哭泣，她别无选择。
即时演练(四)单句语法填空1．Eventually Deere expects ______ (add) ther tasks t the autnmus tractr.2．There is n denying that China is ne f the mst successful cuntries in __________ (green) the desert.3．I'm cnsidering ________ (buy) an iPad, which is cnsidered t be a useful tl.
4．As a result f the serius fld, tw-thirds f the buildings in the area need ________________________ (repair). 5．Even thugh peple initially laughed at him, he finally managed _________ (give) his hmetwn a path available t the nearby twn.
repairing/t be repaired
考点五 非谓语动词作主语、表语一、非谓语动词中可以作主语的有动词-ing形式和动词不定式1．动词-ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作；动词不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未发生的动作。Facing up t yur prblems rather than running away frm them is the best apprach t wrking them ut.直面问题而不是逃避问题才是解决问题的最佳途径。
2．it作形式主语，代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动词-ing形式，常见句型如下：It is/was n use/gd ding sth.; It is/was nt any use/gd ding sth.; It is/was f little use/gd ding sth.; It is/was useless ding sth.; It's a waste f time ding sth.; It takes sb. sme time t d sth.；It is easy/imprtant/vital/necessary/difficult (fr/f sb.) t d sth.等。It's imprtant fr the figures t be updated regularly.经常性地更新数据是非常重要的。
二、非谓语动词中能作表语的有动词-ing形式、过去分词和动词不定式动词-ing形式作表语意为“令人感到……的”，而过去分词作表语意为“感到……的”。Please describe a dg that is frightening.请描述一只令人害怕的狗。Please describe a dg that is frightened.请描述一只惊恐的狗。
【点津】get, becme, lk, seem, appear 等系动词后可跟过去分词作表语，表示被动或主语的状态。This qutatin frm Winstn Churchill tells us that we shuldn't get discuraged right after failure.温斯顿·丘吉尔的这句话告诉我们，失败后不应该气馁。
即时演练(五)单句语法填空1．It's n gd ____________ (regret) yur past mistakes.2．Frtunately, nwadays it is much easier _________ (make) ec-friendly lifestyle chices. 3．I gt caught in the traffic jam and I'm nt sure hw lng it will take ___________ (arrive) at the airprt.
4．What wrried the child mst was his ___________________ (nt, allw) t visit his mther in the hspital. 5．It is, therefre, urgent ___________ (update) ur curricula by intrducing the recent develpments in the relevant fields.
nt being allwed
考点六 非谓语动词的时态和语态
一、主动形式和被动形式非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓或动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时，用主动形式；与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时，用被动形式。The meeting t be held tmrrw is f great imprtance.明天举行的会议非常重要。
二、时间先后关系根据非谓语动词与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系定时态。1．非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生，用非谓语动词的一般式。2．非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，用非谓语动词的完成式。Having finished his hmewrk, he went t bed.他完成作业后就去睡觉了。
即时演练(六)单句语法填空1．The nvel is believed t ______________________ (translate) int ten freign languages s far. 2．The manager, _____________ (make) it clear that he didn't agree with us, left the meeting rm. 3．____________________ (talk) t change my attitude, I finally gt the right way t rid myself f carelessness and gained cnfidence as well.
have been translated
having made
Having been talked
4．The plice are said ___________________ (undertake) detailed investigatins int the case at present.5．In fact, much remains ___________________________(learn) abut traditinal Chinese painting and its elements. 6．(2023·四川省高职单招)The Olympic Games, first _______ (play)in 776 BC, did nt include wmen players until 1912.
t be undertaking
t be learned/t be learnt
集训夯基 · 素养提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2023·北京卷)She called fr actin ____________(address)the struggles f peple arund the wrld ________ (face) “t little water r t dirty water”. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知，第一空address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填t address。分析句子结构可知，第二空face与逻辑主语peple构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填facing。
2．(2023·全国甲卷)Fr thusands f years，peple have tld fables(寓言) ________ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.解析：考查非谓语动词。此处与t pass n wisdm并列作目的状语。故填t teach。
3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside，the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin，allwing them ______________ (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.解析：考查非谓语动词。根据搭配allw sb. t d sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift ut与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的被动关系，空处需填动词不定式的被动式。故填t be lifted。
t be lifted
4．(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern.Frm Buddhist temples t museums，narrw hutng t ryal palaces，it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut，with the city keeping its carefully _______(build) system f ring rads.解析：考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词作定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system f ring rads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
5．(2023·全国乙卷)________________(visit) several times ver the last 10 years，I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new，and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while cnstantly grwing.解析：考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词充当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“ver the last 10 years”可知，用现在完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成式；置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Having visited。
Having visited
6．(2023·全国乙卷)As a phtgrapher，I have spent the last tw years ___________(recrd) everything I discvered.解析：考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) ding sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词作宾语，用动名词形式。故填recrding。
7．(2023·全国甲卷)Carsn uses a simple，direct style cmmn t fable.In fact，her style and tne(口吻) are seemingly directed at children.“There was nce a twn in the heart f America，where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with its surrundings，” her fable begins，___________(brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与brrw之间为主动关系，所以此处用现在分词作状语。故填brrwing。
8．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (阳台), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the _________ (fall) child.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的held ut为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
9．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ________ (see) them.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climbed up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们)，故应该使用t d不定式作目的状语。故填t see。
10．(2022·浙江1月卷)That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans _____________ (cntinue) the practice. “It has been fairly rewarding, ” she says, “a really psitive change.”解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan t d sth.计划做某事。故填t cntinue。
11．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure that ffers a place where yu can sit dwn _________ (rest) yur aching legs.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然这是你上山途中唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并提供了一个地方，你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿。根据句意和句子结构此处应填t rest来作目的状语。故填t rest。
12．(2021·全国甲卷)After __________ (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑着自行车游览一段历史更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。
13．(2021·全国乙卷)It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme __________ (educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics...解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色……。分析句子成分可知，educate与traveler之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填educated。
14．(2021·全国乙卷)Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking(远足)and accmmdatins aim _________ (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim t d译为“旨在；目的是”。故填t have。
15．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)But that's hw nature is—always leaving us ____________ (astnish)．解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾非谓语动词。故填astnished。
16．(2021·浙江1月高考)In 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries _________(study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是cuntries，两者存在被动关系，要用studied作定语。故填studied。
17．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)They represent the earth ________(cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.解析：考查非谓语动词。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词the earth与cme back t之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填cming。
18．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)They are easy _________ (care) fr and make great presents.解析：考查非谓语动词。这里考查“be＋形容词＋t d”结构。故填t care。19．(2021·天津3月卷改编)—Hw's the prject ging?—S far s gd. All we have t d is ________(finish) the last bit f wrk.解析：考查非谓语动词。不定式作表语，前面的主语有实义动词d，后面表语t d的t省略。故填finish。
20．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)As well as lking at exhibits，visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins(模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in histry r _________(walk) thrugh a rainfrest.解析：考查非谓语动词。此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾语，imagine sb. ding sth.想象某人做某事。因此sb. ding sth.为imagine后动名词的复合结构。故填walking。
21．(2020·浙江卷)Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy ___________(change) lives.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，简单句中已有动词gave，设空处需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语，修饰technlgy。故填t change。
22．(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi'an, as a first step ____________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft. 解析：考查非谓语动词。a first step t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的第一步”。本句中的谓语动词是hiked，所给词jurney在句中作后置定语，意为“旅行”，故填t jurney。
23．(2022·全国甲卷)He flew 4,700 kilmeters frm Xi'an t Kashgar n Sept.20, __________(plan) t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语动词flew，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，且主语He和plan之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填planning。
24．(2022·全国乙卷)“... It can help t build a cmmunity with a ________(share) future fr mankind，” he said. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词形式。动词share与其逻辑主语future之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语，修饰名词future。故填shared。
25．(2022·全国乙卷)______________ (strengthen) the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, inviting twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts. 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语，且设空处位于句首，故填T strengthen。
T strengthen
26．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)__________ (cver)an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，GPNP将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cver和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Cvering。
27．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity _____________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填t increase。
Ⅱ.语法填空非谓语动词专练Passage 1China has becme the first cuntry___________(land) a spacecraft n the far side f the mn.The unmanned Chang'e-4 prbe(探测器)—the name ________________(inspire) by an ancient Chinese mn gddess—tuched dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. ___________(land) n the mn's far side is extremely _______________(challenge)．Because the mn's bdy __________(blck) direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe，
2.was inspired
4.challenging
China first _______(have) t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt where it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.The far side f the mn is f particular interest t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters(环形山)，mre s than the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hpe __________(use) the instruments nbard Chang'e-4 ___________(find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brwn University，says，
“because it means we have the chance _____________(btain) infrmatin abut hw the mn is cnstructed.” Data abut the mn's cmpsitin，such as hw much ice and ther treasures it cntains，culd help China decide whether its plans fr a future lunar(月球的) base ________(be) practical.
语篇导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功软着陆，中国成为第一个使探测器在月球背面软着陆的国家。解析：1．考查非谓语动词。当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，用t d 作定语。故填t land。
2．考查动词的时态和语态。根据题意，该探测器的名字是受了月神嫦娥的启发，表被动，而且被启发是过去的事情。故填was inspired。3．考查非谓语动词。根据题意，此处在句中作主语，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Landing。4．考查非谓语动词。根据题意，此处应该是“极具挑战性的”，作表语，主语为动名词短语。故填challenging。
5．考查动词的时态。because引导原因状语从句，从句中要有谓语，而且 the mn's bdy 是单数，此处又为客观事实，所以谓语动词要用单数形式。故填blcks。6．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据题意“中国发射嫦娥四号”是过去的事情，而且后面的从句也是使用的culd send作谓语。故填had。7．考查非谓语动词。hpe后跟不定式作宾语。故填t use。
8．考查非谓语动词。根据题意，研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备去发现和研究月球南极的艾肯盆地。此处为use sth. t d结构，其中t d表示目的状语。故填t find。9．考查非谓语动词。当被修饰词是chance，pprtunity，way，ability等抽象名词时，其后常跟t d作定语。故填t btain。10．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 根据题意，此处在whether 引导的宾语从句中作谓语，且主语its plans 是复数形式，此处时态应为一般现在时。故填are。
Passage 2Petry is never far away frm ur daily life. Many f us grew up ____________(recite) classic pems, learning ____________(enjy) this beautiful art frm that is able t use just a few lines _____________(cnvey) such rich meanings.The Bk f Sngs，__________ (date) back t the Western Zhu Dynasty, has a lnger histry than the Hmeric epics. Even tday, classic pems are appreciated by a lt f peple.
________________(recgnize) the unique ability f petry and capture its creative spirit, Wrld Petry Day is held by the United Natins n March 21 each year ______________(supprt) linguistic diversity thrugh petic expressin.Chinese Petry Cnference _____________ (feature) classic petry is extremely ppular. The cmpetitin saw ver 100 participants __________ (take) part in a number f challenges. The participants, whse ages ranged frm 7 t 70, included students, farmers, teachers and freign cmpetitrs with an interest in Chinese literature.
5.T recgnize
7.featuring
And even TV series invlving petry are very successful. Fr example，in Empresses in the Palace (甄嬛传), ne f the drama's mst __________(mve)sngs was adapted frm a pem ____________ (write) by Wen Tingyun f the Tang Dynasty.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。简单介绍了中国古典诗歌和现在的《中国诗词大会》。
解析：1．考查非谓语动词。句子主语Many f us和recite在逻辑上是主动关系，应用现在分词，作伴随状语。故填reciting。2．考查非谓语动词。learn t d sth.表示“学会做某事”。故填t enjy。3．考查非谓语动词。能够用几行诗句表达如此丰富的意思。use sth. t d sth.用某物做某事。故填t cnvey。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：起源于西周时期的《诗经》的历史要比《荷马史诗》更悠久。根据语境，以及date back t没被动形式，此处用现在分词作定语。故填dating。5．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了认识到诗歌的独特能力……。根据句意，应填不定式作目的状语。故填T recgnize。6．考查非谓语动词。根据语境应用不定式t supprt作目的状语，意为“为了支持……”。故填t supprt。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：以古典诗歌为特色的《中国诗词大会》特别受欢迎。设空处是非谓语动词作定语，与其修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.-ing形式。故填featuring。8．考查非谓语动词。宾语100 participants是take的逻辑主语，表主动关系。故填taking。
9．考查非谓语动词。mving表示“令人感动的”，作定语修饰sngs。故填mving。10．考查非谓语动词。改编自唐朝诗人温庭筠写的一首诗。设空处作定语的非谓语动词written与其中心词pem表动宾关系。故填written。
Ⅲ.写作运用(根据汉语提示完成下面短文，注意动词的运用)Dear Smith, Hw are yu ding? I'm writing 1.__________________________________________________________________ (邀请你参加我们将于6月1日在学校体育场举行的英语晚会), which is a gd chance 2.__________________________________ (展现你的英语才能) and mtivate students' interest in English learning.During the party yu will have a feast f varieties f
t invite yu t ur English party t
be held n 1 June at the schl stadium
t display yur
English talent
考点突破 · 精讲即练
非谓语动词概述1．什么是非谓语动词非谓语动词是动词的特殊形式，在句子中可以充当谓语以外的成分。2．非谓语动词在句子中的作用一个句子中已存在一个谓语动词，又没有连词的情况下，再出现一个动词则用非谓语动词。
She gt ff the bus，but she left her handbag n the seat.(有并列连词，所以用谓语动词)She gt ff the bus，leaving her handbag n the seat.(没有连词，所以用非谓语动词)3．非谓语动词的种类：动词-ing形式、过去分词和不定式。
考点一 非谓语动词作状语一、动词不定式作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等1．作目的状语，有时也用in rder t或s as t，但s as t不用于句首。(2022·全国甲卷满分作文)We will cntinue ur campaign t prevent and cntrl cean pllutin t make ur ceans clean.我们将继续我们的运动，以预防和控制海洋污染，使我们的海洋变得干净。
2．作结果状语，常用结构enugh t, , nly t 等。I'm t tired t stay up any lnger.我太累了，实在不能再熬夜了。3．作原因状语，此时常与表示情感的形容词连用，如glad, happy, frightened, surprised 等。I was frightened t find that in frnt f my dr sat a dg.我惊恐地发现我家门前坐着一只狗。
二、动词-ing 形式作状语动词-ing 形式作状语，常表示原因、伴随、时间、结果等，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。Walking in the street，I came acrss an ld friend.(时间状语)走在大街上，我碰到一个老朋友。Having waited in line fr tw hurs，the ld man became impatient.(原因状语)已经排了两小时的队，这个老人变得不耐烦了。His parents died, leaving him an rphan.(结果状语)他的父母去世了，让他成了孤儿。
【点津】动词不定式作结果状语时，常表示意想不到的结果；而动词-ing 形式作结果状语时，常表示自然而然的结果。
三、过去分词作状语1．过去分词作状语，分词与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。Seriusly injured, she has t be sent t the hspital at nce.她受了重伤，必须马上送往医院。2．某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构中，此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，如lst (迷路的), seated (坐着的), hidden (隐瞒的), lst/absrbed in (沉溺于), dressed in (穿着……的), tired f (对……感到厌倦的)等。Absrbed in the bk, he didn't ntice me enter the rm.他完全被这本书所吸引，没有注意到我进入房间。
【点津】独立成分作状语，其形式不受上下文的影响。常用的有cnsidering that...(鉴于……；考虑到……)；generally speaking(总的来说); judging by/frm...(从……来看；依据……来判断); suppsing that...(假定……); prviding that...(假定……); wing t...(由于……); talking/speaking f...(谈及……); given that...(考虑到……)；prvided that...(如果……); t tell the truth (实话实说)；t be hnest (老实说)等。
即时演练(一)单句语法填空1．He hurried t the statin, nly ________________ (infrm) that the train had left. 2．_____________ (remember) all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr's ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment. 3．He was a tall man in his fifties, _________ (dress) in a business suit.
t be infrmed
4．She has never seen such a cllective dedicatin frm a natin, ________ (turn) things fr the better by sacrificing persnal cnvenience.5．He used t be addicted t electrnic devices and stay up late every night, _________ (trap) in an unhealthy daily rutine.
考点二 非谓语动词作定语一、动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系、动宾关系或同位关系。(1)当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词，the nly，the next等修饰时，常常用t d 作定语。She is always the first t cme and the last t leave.(主谓关系) 她总是第一个来，最后一个离开。
(2)用在固定句型sb.have sth.t d和 there be sth.t d中。Students cmplain that they have endless hmewrk t d every day.(动宾关系) 学生们抱怨他们每天有做不完的作业。(3)修饰某些名词，如chance，pprtunity，way，ability，plan，appeal，privilege等。His last appeal t cme and see her went unanswered.(同位关系)没有人答应他最后要来看她的请求。
二、动词-ing形式作定语1．该动词与被修饰的名词之间为主谓关系或用来表示正在进行的动作时，用动词-ing 形式。 The lecture, starting at 7 'clck last night, was fllwed by an bservatin f the mn with telescpes.这次演讲开始于昨天晚上7点，紧接着是用望远镜观看月球的活动。 【点津】被修饰的名词与动词-ing之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时，用动词-ing形式的被动式作定语。
2．表示被修饰词的某种用途，在意义上相当于“名词＋fr＋ding”，此时动词-ing形式常置于被修饰词的前面。 a swimming pl＝a pl fr swimming游泳池 a waiting rm＝a rm fr waiting候车室
三、过去分词作定语过去分词作定语，分词与被修饰的名词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 Tsinghua University, funded in 1911, is hme t a great number f utstanding figures.建于1911 年的清华大学培养出了众多杰出人物。 【点津】作定语的不及物动词的分词形式有ding和dne两种。ding 表示正在进行；dne表示已经完成。
即时演练(二)单句语法填空1．They held hands as Mark was wheeled int the ___________ (perate) rm.2．I admit I was t scared at that mment and the uncle __________ (stand) beside me was giving me an awkward lk.3．The reprt, which was published in The Lancet in 2019, was based n research dne with students ______ (age) 11 t 17 in 146 different cuntries.
4．In my everyday life, I am n an nging jurney t figure ut different ways ___________ (reduce) my carbn ftprint n the planet. 5．They find cmfrt amng the shelves ________ (pack) high with bks and appreciate the smiling faces f librarians eager t help.
考点三 非谓语动词作补足语1．感官动词和短语(see，watch，bserve，ntice，lk at，hear，listen t，feel)后面的宾语补足语常见的非谓语动词形式有三种(d, ding, dne)。d表示主动和完成(被动句中动词不定式符号t要还原)，ding表示主动或正在进行，dne 表示被动或完成。The missing by was last seen playing near the river.失踪的男孩最后一次被看到时正在河边玩耍。I hear the sng sung every time I pass by the cffee shp.每当我经过这家咖啡屋，我都能听到有人唱这首歌。
I ften hear the girl sing the sng which is ppular recently.＝The girl is ften heard t sing the sng which is ppular recently.我经常听到这个小女孩唱这首最近很流行的歌。
2．动词let, make, have, get, leave, keep, find，catch后接非谓语动词形式作宾语补足语。On the cntrary, thse wh let teenagers experience the cnsequences f their actins can d better.相反，那些让青少年体验他们行为后果的人能够做得更优秀。She had t raise her vice t make herself heard.她不得不提高嗓门使自己被听到。The headmaster was angry t catch sme students smking again.又一次抓住一些学生吸烟，校长很生气。
3．固定短语(如advise/allw/encurage/request/warn/invite sb. t d sth.等)中动词不定式作宾语补足语。I am writing t invite yu t cme t my birthday party.我写信邀请您来参加我的生日晚会。4．with/withut的复合结构：with/withut＋名词/代词＋ding (表示主动、进行)/dne(表示被动、完成)/t d(表示目的、将来)。Withut anyne nticing me, I stle int the rm.没有人注意到我，我偷偷溜进了房间。
With his hair cut，he lked much yunger.理了发，他看起来年轻多了。With a lt f hmewrk t d，I can't g skating with yu.因为有很多作业要做，所以我不能和你一起去滑冰。
即时演练(三)单句语法填空1．She returned hme, nly t find the dr pen and a number f things ______ (g)．2．With a lt f difficult prblems _________ (settle), he can't get hme early. 3．With the by _________ (lead) the way, the sldiers managed t walk thrugh the frest.
4．Nt seeing r hearing any fire engines _____________ (apprach), Grant rushed t a side entrance and ran up the stairs.5．Fu believes it was his scientific apprach t training that enabled him _____________ (vercme) thse difficulties and reach his destinatin.
考点四 非谓语动词作宾语1．下列动词只能用动词不定式作宾语
She pretended nt t see me when I passed by.当我经过时，她假装没看见我。
2．下列动词只能用动词-ing形式作宾语
We enjy reading English stries.我们喜欢读英语故事。
【点津】如果作宾语的动词不定式有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语后置。I find it impssible t change her idea.我发现改变她的想法是不可能的。
①I meant t g, but my father wuld nt allw me t.我想去，但是我的父亲不让我去。②Raising wages means increasing purchasing pwer.提高工资意味着增加购买力。
4．“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构动词不定式可以与疑问代词和疑问副词(why除外)等连用，构成动词不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。I didn't knw hw t get back t the village.我不知道怎样回到村子。Experience tells yu what t d; cnfidence allws yu t d it.经验告诉你做什么，而信心让你去做这件事。
5．固定结构“d/have/其他动词＋sth.＋but/except (t) d sth.”中的动词不定式用法：要遵循前有实义动词d，but/except后则无t，反之则有t的原则。She had n chice but t cry in the face f the difficulty.面对困难，除了哭泣，她别无选择。
即时演练(四)单句语法填空1．Eventually Deere expects ______ (add) ther tasks t the autnmus tractr.2．There is n denying that China is ne f the mst successful cuntries in __________ (green) the desert.3．I'm cnsidering ________ (buy) an iPad, which is cnsidered t be a useful tl.
4．As a result f the serius fld, tw-thirds f the buildings in the area need ________________________ (repair). 5．Even thugh peple initially laughed at him, he finally managed _________ (give) his hmetwn a path available t the nearby twn.
repairing/t be repaired
考点五 非谓语动词作主语、表语一、非谓语动词中可以作主语的有动词-ing形式和动词不定式1．动词-ing形式作主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作；动词不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未发生的动作。Facing up t yur prblems rather than running away frm them is the best apprach t wrking them ut.直面问题而不是逃避问题才是解决问题的最佳途径。
2．it作形式主语，代替真正作主语的动词不定式或动词-ing形式，常见句型如下：It is/was n use/gd ding sth.; It is/was nt any use/gd ding sth.; It is/was f little use/gd ding sth.; It is/was useless ding sth.; It's a waste f time ding sth.; It takes sb. sme time t d sth.；It is easy/imprtant/vital/necessary/difficult (fr/f sb.) t d sth.等。It's imprtant fr the figures t be updated regularly.经常性地更新数据是非常重要的。
二、非谓语动词中能作表语的有动词-ing形式、过去分词和动词不定式动词-ing形式作表语意为“令人感到……的”，而过去分词作表语意为“感到……的”。Please describe a dg that is frightening.请描述一只令人害怕的狗。Please describe a dg that is frightened.请描述一只惊恐的狗。
【点津】get, becme, lk, seem, appear 等系动词后可跟过去分词作表语，表示被动或主语的状态。This qutatin frm Winstn Churchill tells us that we shuldn't get discuraged right after failure.温斯顿·丘吉尔的这句话告诉我们，失败后不应该气馁。
即时演练(五)单句语法填空1．It's n gd ____________ (regret) yur past mistakes.2．Frtunately, nwadays it is much easier _________ (make) ec-friendly lifestyle chices. 3．I gt caught in the traffic jam and I'm nt sure hw lng it will take ___________ (arrive) at the airprt.
4．What wrried the child mst was his ___________________ (nt, allw) t visit his mther in the hspital. 5．It is, therefre, urgent ___________ (update) ur curricula by intrducing the recent develpments in the relevant fields.
nt being allwed
考点六 非谓语动词的时态和语态
一、主动形式和被动形式非谓语动词与逻辑主语(通常是句子的主语)之间存在主谓或动宾关系。与逻辑主语之间存在主谓关系时，用主动形式；与逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系时，用被动形式。The meeting t be held tmrrw is f great imprtance.明天举行的会议非常重要。
二、时间先后关系根据非谓语动词与谓语动词表示的动作之间的时间先后关系定时态。1．非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生，用非谓语动词的一般式。2．非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，用非谓语动词的完成式。Having finished his hmewrk, he went t bed.他完成作业后就去睡觉了。
即时演练(六)单句语法填空1．The nvel is believed t ______________________ (translate) int ten freign languages s far. 2．The manager, _____________ (make) it clear that he didn't agree with us, left the meeting rm. 3．____________________ (talk) t change my attitude, I finally gt the right way t rid myself f carelessness and gained cnfidence as well.
have been translated
having made
Having been talked
4．The plice are said ___________________ (undertake) detailed investigatins int the case at present.5．In fact, much remains ___________________________(learn) abut traditinal Chinese painting and its elements. 6．(2023·四川省高职单招)The Olympic Games, first _______ (play)in 776 BC, did nt include wmen players until 1912.
t be undertaking
t be learned/t be learnt
集训夯基 · 素养提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2023·北京卷)She called fr actin ____________(address)the struggles f peple arund the wrld ________ (face) “t little water r t dirty water”. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知，第一空address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填t address。分析句子结构可知，第二空face与逻辑主语peple构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填facing。
2．(2023·全国甲卷)Fr thusands f years，peple have tld fables(寓言) ________ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm.解析：考查非谓语动词。此处与t pass n wisdm并列作目的状语。故填t teach。
3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside，the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin，allwing them ______________ (lift) ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f their cntents.解析：考查非谓语动词。根据搭配allw sb. t d sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift ut与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的被动关系，空处需填动词不定式的被动式。故填t be lifted。
t be lifted
4．(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern.Frm Buddhist temples t museums，narrw hutng t ryal palaces，it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut，with the city keeping its carefully _______(build) system f ring rads.解析：考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词作定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system f ring rads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
5．(2023·全国乙卷)________________(visit) several times ver the last 10 years，I was amazed by the c-existence f ld and new，and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while cnstantly grwing.解析：考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词充当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“ver the last 10 years”可知，用现在完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成式；置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Having visited。
Having visited
6．(2023·全国乙卷)As a phtgrapher，I have spent the last tw years ___________(recrd) everything I discvered.解析：考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) ding sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词作宾语，用动名词形式。故填recrding。
7．(2023·全国甲卷)Carsn uses a simple，direct style cmmn t fable.In fact，her style and tne(口吻) are seemingly directed at children.“There was nce a twn in the heart f America，where all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with its surrundings，” her fable begins，___________(brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与brrw之间为主动关系，所以此处用现在分词作状语。故填brrwing。
8．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)When he saw a yung child hanging frm a sixth-flr apartment balcny (阳台), Henry ran ne hundred metres, jumped ver a 1.2-metre fence, and held ut his arms t catch the _________ (fall) child.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的held ut为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
9．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)He pushed a chair nt the balcny, and climbed up ________ (see) them.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climbed up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们)，故应该使用t d不定式作目的状语。故填t see。
10．(2022·浙江1月卷)That apprach brught Cbb's air travel last year dwn by 75%, and she plans _____________ (cntinue) the practice. “It has been fairly rewarding, ” she says, “a really psitive change.”解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan t d sth.计划做某事。故填t cntinue。
11．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thugh it is the nly unnatural thing n yur way up the muntain, still it highlights the whle adventure that ffers a place where yu can sit dwn _________ (rest) yur aching legs.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然这是你上山途中唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并提供了一个地方，你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿。根据句意和句子结构此处应填t rest来作目的状语。故填t rest。
12．(2021·全国甲卷)After __________ (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what better than t ride n a piece f histry!解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑着自行车游览一段历史更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。
13．(2021·全国乙卷)It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme __________ (educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics...解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色……。分析句子成分可知，educate与traveler之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填educated。
14．(2021·全国乙卷)Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking(远足)and accmmdatins aim _________ (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim t d译为“旨在；目的是”。故填t have。
15．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)But that's hw nature is—always leaving us ____________ (astnish)．解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾非谓语动词。故填astnished。
16．(2021·浙江1月高考)In 1985，urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries _________(study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是had，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是cuntries，两者存在被动关系，要用studied作定语。故填studied。
17．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)They represent the earth ________(cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings.解析：考查非谓语动词。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词the earth与cme back t之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填cming。
18．(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)They are easy _________ (care) fr and make great presents.解析：考查非谓语动词。这里考查“be＋形容词＋t d”结构。故填t care。19．(2021·天津3月卷改编)—Hw's the prject ging?—S far s gd. All we have t d is ________(finish) the last bit f wrk.解析：考查非谓语动词。不定式作表语，前面的主语有实义动词d，后面表语t d的t省略。故填finish。
20．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)As well as lking at exhibits，visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins(模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in histry r _________(walk) thrugh a rainfrest.解析：考查非谓语动词。此处与living是并列成分，共同作imagine的宾语，imagine sb. ding sth.想象某人做某事。因此sb. ding sth.为imagine后动名词的复合结构。故填walking。
21．(2020·浙江卷)Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy ___________(change) lives.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，简单句中已有动词gave，设空处需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语，修饰technlgy。故填t change。
22．(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days t Xi'an, as a first step ____________ (jurney) the Belt and Rad rute (路线) by ft. 解析：考查非谓语动词。a first step t d sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事的第一步”。本句中的谓语动词是hiked，所给词jurney在句中作后置定语，意为“旅行”，故填t jurney。
23．(2022·全国甲卷)He flew 4,700 kilmeters frm Xi'an t Kashgar n Sept.20, __________(plan) t hike back t Xi'an in five mnths. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句已有谓语动词flew，设空处应用非谓语动词形式，且主语He和plan之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填planning。
24．(2022·全国乙卷)“... It can help t build a cmmunity with a ________(share) future fr mankind，” he said. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语动词形式。动词share与其逻辑主语future之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语，修饰名词future。故填shared。
25．(2022·全国乙卷)______________ (strengthen) the cnnectin with yung peple, the event included a number f public prmtinal activities n scial media, inviting twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts. 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语，且设空处位于句首，故填T strengthen。
T strengthen
26．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)__________ (cver)an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，GPNP将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cver和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Cvering。
27．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected, bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity _____________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填t increase。
Ⅱ.语法填空非谓语动词专练Passage 1China has becme the first cuntry___________(land) a spacecraft n the far side f the mn.The unmanned Chang'e-4 prbe(探测器)—the name ________________(inspire) by an ancient Chinese mn gddess—tuched dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. ___________(land) n the mn's far side is extremely _______________(challenge)．Because the mn's bdy __________(blck) direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe，
2.was inspired
4.challenging
China first _______(have) t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt where it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.The far side f the mn is f particular interest t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters(环形山)，mre s than the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hpe __________(use) the instruments nbard Chang'e-4 ___________(find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brwn University，says，
“because it means we have the chance _____________(btain) infrmatin abut hw the mn is cnstructed.” Data abut the mn's cmpsitin，such as hw much ice and ther treasures it cntains，culd help China decide whether its plans fr a future lunar(月球的) base ________(be) practical.
语篇导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功软着陆，中国成为第一个使探测器在月球背面软着陆的国家。解析：1．考查非谓语动词。当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，用t d 作定语。故填t land。
2．考查动词的时态和语态。根据题意，该探测器的名字是受了月神嫦娥的启发，表被动，而且被启发是过去的事情。故填was inspired。3．考查非谓语动词。根据题意，此处在句中作主语，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Landing。4．考查非谓语动词。根据题意，此处应该是“极具挑战性的”，作表语，主语为动名词短语。故填challenging。
5．考查动词的时态。because引导原因状语从句，从句中要有谓语，而且 the mn's bdy 是单数，此处又为客观事实，所以谓语动词要用单数形式。故填blcks。6．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据题意“中国发射嫦娥四号”是过去的事情，而且后面的从句也是使用的culd send作谓语。故填had。7．考查非谓语动词。hpe后跟不定式作宾语。故填t use。
8．考查非谓语动词。根据题意，研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备去发现和研究月球南极的艾肯盆地。此处为use sth. t d结构，其中t d表示目的状语。故填t find。9．考查非谓语动词。当被修饰词是chance，pprtunity，way，ability等抽象名词时，其后常跟t d作定语。故填t btain。10．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 根据题意，此处在whether 引导的宾语从句中作谓语，且主语its plans 是复数形式，此处时态应为一般现在时。故填are。
Passage 2Petry is never far away frm ur daily life. Many f us grew up ____________(recite) classic pems, learning ____________(enjy) this beautiful art frm that is able t use just a few lines _____________(cnvey) such rich meanings.The Bk f Sngs，__________ (date) back t the Western Zhu Dynasty, has a lnger histry than the Hmeric epics. Even tday, classic pems are appreciated by a lt f peple.
________________(recgnize) the unique ability f petry and capture its creative spirit, Wrld Petry Day is held by the United Natins n March 21 each year ______________(supprt) linguistic diversity thrugh petic expressin.Chinese Petry Cnference _____________ (feature) classic petry is extremely ppular. The cmpetitin saw ver 100 participants __________ (take) part in a number f challenges. The participants, whse ages ranged frm 7 t 70, included students, farmers, teachers and freign cmpetitrs with an interest in Chinese literature.
5.T recgnize
7.featuring
And even TV series invlving petry are very successful. Fr example，in Empresses in the Palace (甄嬛传), ne f the drama's mst __________(mve)sngs was adapted frm a pem ____________ (write) by Wen Tingyun f the Tang Dynasty.语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。简单介绍了中国古典诗歌和现在的《中国诗词大会》。
解析：1．考查非谓语动词。句子主语Many f us和recite在逻辑上是主动关系，应用现在分词，作伴随状语。故填reciting。2．考查非谓语动词。learn t d sth.表示“学会做某事”。故填t enjy。3．考查非谓语动词。能够用几行诗句表达如此丰富的意思。use sth. t d sth.用某物做某事。故填t cnvey。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：起源于西周时期的《诗经》的历史要比《荷马史诗》更悠久。根据语境，以及date back t没被动形式，此处用现在分词作定语。故填dating。5．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了认识到诗歌的独特能力……。根据句意，应填不定式作目的状语。故填T recgnize。6．考查非谓语动词。根据语境应用不定式t supprt作目的状语，意为“为了支持……”。故填t supprt。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：以古典诗歌为特色的《中国诗词大会》特别受欢迎。设空处是非谓语动词作定语，与其修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.-ing形式。故填featuring。8．考查非谓语动词。宾语100 participants是take的逻辑主语，表主动关系。故填taking。
9．考查非谓语动词。mving表示“令人感动的”，作定语修饰sngs。故填mving。10．考查非谓语动词。改编自唐朝诗人温庭筠写的一首诗。设空处作定语的非谓语动词written与其中心词pem表动宾关系。故填written。
Ⅲ.写作运用(根据汉语提示完成下面短文，注意动词的运用)Dear Smith, Hw are yu ding? I'm writing 1.__________________________________________________________________ (邀请你参加我们将于6月1日在学校体育场举行的英语晚会), which is a gd chance 2.__________________________________ (展现你的英语才能) and mtivate students' interest in English learning.During the party yu will have a feast f varieties f
t invite yu t ur English party t
be held n 1 June at the schl stadium
t display yur
English talent
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