专题29 阅读理解之议论文-备战2024江苏省中考英语常考语法点+题型练习(中考真题+名校新真题)(江苏专用）

这是一份专题29 阅读理解之议论文-备战2024江苏省中考英语常考语法点+题型练习(中考真题+名校新真题)(江苏专用），共23页。
Hw can teachers and parents help students succeed? They can fcus mainly n effrt and nt simply n ability. When students succeed, teachers and parents shuld praise the actual wrk rather than intelligence（智力）r talent. When students fail, they shuld be tld hw they can d better. Teachers, parents and students need t value effrt, nt intelligence.
1．What kind f peple have fewer chances t succeed accrding t the article?
A．Peple with a grwth mindset.B．Peple with a fixed mindset.
C．Peple wh ften learn frm challenges.D．Peple wh ften learn frm mistakes.
2．Frm the frm we can knw peple with a grwth mindset cnsider challenges as ________.
A．things they’re brn withB．things they need t avid
C．things that help them learnD．things that stp them imprving
3．Hw des the writer rganize the ideas in the article?
A．By telling stries.B．By listing numbers.
C．By drawing mind maps.D．By cmparing facts.
（2021·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）
Just the ther day, I was in a bkshp and fund a bk named Hw t make friends with freigners. As a Canadian living in China fr a year, I was curius t see what kind f advice a Chinese writer giving n this matter.
One piece f advice really caught my attentin and, I must say, made me feel quite angry. In the writer’s pinin, freigners are an "pprtunity (机会)" t imprve yur ral English; whenever yu see a freigner, American r English, yu shuld practise speaking English with him r her. If the freigner desn’t want t answer yur questins, then he r she is a rude persn wh yu wuldn’t want t spend time with anyway. I think this advice is nt nly incrrect, but als may harm the relatinship between Chinese and freigners in China.
Like mst ther "La Wai" living in China, I knw hw lnely ne can smetimes feel living in a culture different frm ur wn familiar (熟悉的) ways. Hwever, I simply accept as part f being here. S far my time in China has been rewarding. I have imprved my Chinese language skills, learned abut ne f the fastest develping cuntries in the wrld tday and made sme very clse Chinese friends.
Hwever, I have als met many Chinese peple wh cnsider me nly as an "pprtunity" t imprve their ral English. I have had peple fllwing me frm twn t my flat t truble me t teach them English. I have had cmplete strangers thrwing articles r speeches in my face, insisting that I help them with the English translatin. I have had peple asking me nn-stp questins fr half an hur at the weekly English Crner ...
Friendship fr a lt f freigners is abut spending time with smene whse cmpany (陪伴) they really enjy. S if there is any advice t give n making and keeping friendships with freigners, I wuld say that it is this: Treat freigners as peple, nt pprtunities. Expect t make friendships step by step, ver a perid f time, nt in a rush. ________ If yur nly reasn fr becming fiends with a freigner is t imprve yur English, then yu will prbably find that yu dn’t have a freign friend fr lng.
4．Where is the writer f this passage frm?
A．AmericaB．ChinaC．CanadaD．England
5．Why is the writer f the passage interested in the bk "Hw t make friends with freigners" ?
A．Because he wants t have sme mre clse Chinese Friends.
B．Because he has greatly imprved his Chinese language skills,
C．Because n Chinese peple wuld like t make friends with him.
D．Because he wants t knw abut the Chinese writer’s advice n this tpic.
6．Accrding t the writer f the bk "Hw t make friends with freigners" , ________.
A．his advice may make freigners angry
B．it is rude f yu t ask a freigner questins
C．yu shuld chse a gd freigner t practise English with
D．dn’t waste time n a freigner wh desn’t answer yur questins
7．In the furth paragraph, the writer uses "I have had…" three times, because ________.
A．he had n better sentences t express his ideas.
B．he wanted t shw hw he hated t make friends with Chinese.
C．he wanted t shw hw he hated t be treated as an “pprtunity”.
D．he met Chinese wh wanted t make friends with him nly three times.
8．Which sentence may be the best t fill in the "________" in the last paragraph?
A．True friendships stand (经得起) the test f time.
B．Learn abut different cultures t make real friends.
C．Friends are abut pprtunities r persnal advantages.
D．There’s real friendship between peple frm different cuntries.
（2020·江苏常州·统考中考真题）Lking at art shuld be like walking in the cuntryside. Yu may nt knw exactly where yu are, what bird is making that strange sund, r what the hill ahead f yu is called, but that’s part f the fun f it. Yu dn’t need t knw these things t feel the beauty f nature.
Of curse, if yu d knw yur birds, trees and lcal histry, a walk can be mre attractive. Yet such knwledge cmes slwly. It is picked up thrugh experience. A true knwledge f nature cannt just be given t yu thrugh an app n yur phne. Imagine pinting yur phne at the hill and getting plenty f infrmatin n screen. Wuld that enrich yur dreamy walk r ruin(毁灭) it?
Braggarts enjy an app that allws them t shw ff their knwledge, fr example, abut barque(巴洛克风格的) paintings. In fact, apps in museums try t prvide n-screen art histry at nce just t encurage peple t read their phnes instead f lking at paintings.
It is a mistaken idea that yu need t be spn-fed(灌输) amazing facts abut a wrk f art in rder t appreciate(欣赏) it. Our first experience f a wrk f art shuld be raw(自然状态的), unguided, and a bit puzzling, like fllwing a path in the wds. Later, yu might chse t d sme persnal research int the wrk. It can further increase yur enjyment and appreciatin fr it. Yet it is best dne when yu’re away frm the art itself, s that even when yu return, the wrk still feels fresh.
Anyne wh thinks knwing sme dates and details makes yu better understand a wrk f art is wrng. We all need t put aside ur screens and ur suppsed knwledge when we lk at art. Let the paintings flw in; let yur intuitins(直觉) fly ff. Art is a jurney in the wilderness r it is nthing at all.
9．What des the writer mainly want t say?
A．Art is best with the help f apps.
B．Art is best when hidden in mystery.
C．Art is nthing cmpared with nature.
D．Art is nthing when details and facts are knwn.
10．The underlined wrd “braggarts” refers t(指)_________.
A．peple wh like shwing ff
B．peple wh like barque paintings
C．thse wh are gd at appreciating art
D．thse wh are gd at painting with phnes
11．What’s the main idea f Paragraph 4?
A．Hw t appreciate a wrk f art.
B．Hw t persnal research int a wrk f art.
C．Hw t keep yur feelings abut a wrk f art fresh.
D．Hw t be spn-fed amazing facts abut a wrk f art.
12．what can we infer(推断) frm the passage?
A．Because f apps, art will be ruined in the future.
B．A gd piece f art is usually made abut nature.
C．Research wrk and intuitins can bth help understand art.
D．Museums are nt suppsed t allw the use f mbile phnes.
（2023·江苏盐城·校考一模）If yu’re wrking t becme better r hping t make a change, yu’ll prbably hear yur family and friends say “g big r g hme’’. They think yu shuld set high expectatins. But is it really gd?
Having high expectatins culd be gd. It can mtivate yu. When yu have high expectatins fr smething, yu’ll prbably try yur best t make them cme true. Fr example, if yu believe that yu can get an A in a test, yu will prbably spend a lt f time wrking n it. Als, when yu start meeting yur expectatins, yu’ll set even higher expectatins fr yurself. Besides, having high expectatins n yurself desn’t nly d yu gd. It will make a difference t thers.
But if yur expectatins are t high t realize, it can be bad. Having high expectatins can smetimes lead t mind prblems, such as wrry and unhappiness. The findings f a study shwed that sme students were under serius stress because they wanted t be perfect. Great expectatins can als let yu dwn. This is especially true when yu set expectatins n ther peple whse actins yu cannt cntrl. Fr example, if yu’re feeling alne and yu call up yur friends, yu surely expect them t make yu feel better. When this fails t happen, yu will feel dwn and unsatisfied with yur friends. T avid this situatin, yu shuld set yur expectatins realistically (切合实际地).
It is hard t manage expectatins, but the main thing is t set a mre realistic and achievable expectatin.
13．What d yur family and friends want yu t d when they say “g big r g hme” ?
A．T cheer thers up.B．T g hme at nce.
C．T set high expectatins.D．T spend a lt f time with them.
14．Why were sme students under serius stress?
A．Their family didn’t supprt them.B．Their study results were terrible.
C．Their friends didn’t care abut them.D．Their expectatins are t high t realize.
15．Hw can yu avid feeling dwn when setting expectatins n thers?
A．By calling up yur friends.B．By cntrlling their actins.
C．By making thers feel better.D．By setting yur expectatins realistically.
16．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Right views n Setting Expectatins.B．Valuable Advice n Realizing Expectatins.
C．Pssible Reasns fr Meeting Expectatins.D．Serius Prblems in Achieving Expectatins.
（2023·江苏苏州·苏州高新区实验初级中学统考二模）
ChatGPT, a smart AI chat-bt(聊天机器人) tl, has swept the educatin wrld in the past mnths. Accrding t a US survey f mre than 1000 students, ver 89 percent f them have used ChatGPT t help with a hmewrk assignment.
Develped by US cmpany OpenAI, ChatGPT is a pwerful tl. Yu can ask it t write stries and emails, create recipes(食谱), translate languages, and answer all kinds f questins.
Sme schls in the US, Australia and France have banned (禁止) the use f ChatGPT. In the US, fr example, New Yrk City public schls banned students and teachers frm using ChatGPT n the district’s netwrks and devices(设备).
The mve cmes ut f wrries that the tl culd make it easier fr students t cheat n assignments.
Sme als wrry that ChatGPT culd be used t spread inaccurate(不确定的) infrmatin.
“It des nt build critical-thinking(批判性思维) and prblem-slving skills, which are necessary fr academic(学术的) and lifelng success,” said Jenna Lyle, the deputy press secretary f the New Yrk City Department f Educatin.
Apart frm bans, teachers are making changes t their classes t blck the use f ChatGPT. Sme cllege teachers in the US try t include mre speaking exams and handwritten n papers instead f typed nes.
Hwever, nt all educatrs say n t ChatGPT. Sme Canadian universities are drafting(起草) plicies n its use, fr bth students and teachers. They have n plans t cmpletely ban the tl s far.
Bhaskar Vira, the headmaster at the University f Cambridge in the UK, said that bans n AI sftware like ChatGPT are nt sensible(明智的). “We have t knw that AI is a tl peple will use,” he tld Varsity, the schl newspaper f the university. What we need t d is “adapt(调整) ur learning, teaching and examinatins.” That way, we can “have integrity (诚信) while recgnizing the use f the tl”.
17．Sme schls in the US banned the use f ChatGPT because ________.
A．students may use it t cheat n hmewrkB．it rarely prvides crrect infrmatin
C．it takes the place f teachersD．it takes up mst f the district's netwrks
18．Jenna Lyle thinks that ________.
A．ChatGPT is necessary fr academic and lifelng success
B．ChatGPT might ffer the wrng infrmatin
C．ChatGPT is s far the smartest AI chat-bt tl
D．using ChatGPT is nt gd fr develping students’ minds
19．What did the educatrs in the US d t avid the use f ChatGPT?
a. They blcked students’ access t the tl.
b. They learned t recgnize papers written by ChatGPT.
c. They changed the frms f assignment.
d. They suggested laws t ban the use f ChatGPT.
A．ab.B．bc.C．ac.D．cd.
20．Which pinin is NOT mentined in the stry.
A．Using ChatGPT makes students lazy in thinking.
B．ChatGPTwill cmpletely change current educatin.
C．The cmplete ban n using ChatGPT is nt wise.
D．ChatGPT can be useful fr bth teachers and students.
（2023·江苏盐城·校考一模）
①We ften reach a pint in ur life when we shuld be ready fr change that will help us unlck ur self-imprvement pwer. Hwever, there’s always smething staring at us right under ur nse but we dn’t see it. The nly time we think f unlcking ur self-imprvement pwer is when everything gets wrst.
②When d we realize that we need t change diets? When nne f ur shirts and jeans wuld fit us. When d we stp eating candies and chclates? When all f ur teeth have fallen ff. When d we realize that we need t stp smking? When ur lungs have gne bad. We see the warning signs and signals when things get rugh and difficult.
③The nly time mst f us ever learn abut unlcking ur self-imprvement pwer is when the whle wrld is falling apart. We think and feel this way because it is nt easy t change, but change becmes mre painful when we pay n attentin t it.
④Change will happen, like it r hate it. At ne pint r anther, we are all ging t finally unlck ur self-imprvement pwer nt because the wrld says s, but because we realize it’s fr ur wn gd.
⑤Happy peple dn’t just accept change; they welcme it. Unlcking ur self-imprvement pwer means unlcking urselves ut f the bx f thught that is just the way we are. It is such a pr excuse fr peple wh fear change.
⑥Jane always tells everyne that she desn’t have the curage t be arund grups f peple. She heard her family tell the same things abut her t ther peple. Over the years, that is what Jane has believed. Every time a great crwd cme, she steps back and lcks herself up in a rm. Jane nt nly believes in her stry, but lives it!
⑦Self-imprvement may nt be everybdy’s favrite wrd, but if we lk at things in a different way, we might have greater chances f enjying the whle prcess instead f cunting the days until we are fully imprved. Three sessins in a week at the gym wuld result in a healthier life. Reading bks every day wuld build up knwledge. And nly when we are enjying the whle prcess f unlcking ur self-imprvement pwer will we realize that we’re beginning t take things light and becme happy.
21．What’s the writer’s purpse f writing Paragraph 2?
A．T remind health is the mst imprtant.B．T explain we will meet trubles in life.
C．T tell prblems are nt realized at times.D．T shw we learn lessns when experiencing pain.
22．What advice might be given t help slve Jane’s prblem?
A．Always believe in herself.B．Unlck herself ut f the bx f thught.
C．Get n with peple in a friendly way.D．Cunt the days until she is fully imprved.
23．What’s the structure f the passage? (1=Paragraph 1)
A．B．C．D．
24．Which f the fllwing pinins may the writer supprt?
A．Dn’t imprve urselves until things get wrst.
B．Peple change when they find it easy t d that.
C．If yu welcme change in life, yu’ll make it better.
D．Prcess f self-imprvement makes chances happen.
（2023·江苏盐城·统考二模）
ChatGPT, a smart AI chat-bt tl, has swept the educatin wrld in the past mnths. Accrding t a US survey f mre than 1, 000 students, ver 89 percent f them have used ChatGPT t help with a hmewrk task.
Develped by US cmpany Open AI, ChatGPT is a pwerful tl. Yu can ask it t write stries and emails, create fd menu, translate languages, and answer all kinds f questins.
Sme schls in the US, Australia and France have banned(禁止) the use f ChatGPT. In the US, fr example, New Yrk City public schls banned students and teachers frm using ChatGPT n the district’s netwrks and devices, CNN reprted.
The mve cmes ut f wrries that the tl culd make it easier fr students t cheat n study. Sme als wrry that ChatGPT culd be used t spread wrng infrmatin.
“It des nt build critical-thinking and prblem-slving skills, which are necessary fr academic and lifelng success,” said Jenna Lyle, the deputy press secretary f the New Yrk City Department f Educatin.
Apart frm bans, teachers are making changes t their classes t stp the use f ChatGPT. Sme cllege teachers in the US try t include mre speaking exams and handwritten papers instead f typed nes, The New Yrk Times reprted.
Hwever, nt all educatrs say “n” t ChatGPT. Sme Canadian universities are drafting(起草) plicies n its use, fr bth students and teachers. They have n plans t cmpletely ban the tl s far.
Bhaskar Vira, headmaster fr educatin at the University f Cambridge in the UK, said that bans n AI sftware like ChatGPT are nt wise. “We have t knw that AI is a tl peple will use,” he tld Varsity, the schl newspaper f the university. What we need t d is “adapt ur learning, teaching and examinatins”. That way, we can “have integrity(诚信) while recgnizing the use f the tl”.
25．Sme schls in the US banned the use f ChatGPT because ________.
A．it takes the place f teachersB．students may use it t cheat n hmewrk
C．it rarely prvides crrect infrmatinD．it takes up mst f the district’s netwrks
26．Jenna Lyle thinks that ________.
A．ChatGPT might ffer the wrng infrmatin
B．ChatGPT is s far the smartest AI chat-bt tl
C．ChatGPT is nt gd fr develping students’ minds
D．ChatGPT is necessary fr academic and lifelng success
27．Which pinin is NOT mentined in the article?
A．Using ChatGPT makes students lazy in thinking.
B．The cmplete ban n using ChatGPT is nt wise.
C．ChatGPT will cmpletely change present educatin.
D．ChatGPT may be used fr bth teachers and students.
28．The passage is prbably frm ________.
A．Cultural exchangeB．Health and dietC．Sprts and fitnessD．Science and educatin
（2023·江苏常州·统考二模）A few years ag, I saw an exhibitin (展览) f Pabl Picass’s sculptures. Maybe, because he thught f himself as a painter first, he was freer t play with the art f sculpture. Fr example, what can yu d with a pair f bicycle handlebars (把手) and a saddle (车座)? The Spanish artist turned them int a “bull” (公牛). The exhibitin brught t mind Picass’s famus qute (引语), “Every child is an artist.”. The prblem is hw t remain an artist nce we grw up.
I’m a writer and illustratr (插画画家) f children’s bks. Smetimes, I g int schls and read my stries t children. I als draw with them. I shw them hw t draw the characters in my bks. These children draw after me. Their drawings, hwever, always make mine seem lifeless. I’m always surprised by them. Children just put their ideas ut there. They d nt verthink. Adults wrry abut hw ther peple judge (评价) them. They ften think a lt befre putting pen t paper.
Recently, I’ve been wrking with a primary schl. I see six-year-lds expressing themselves freely thrugh their drawings. Hwever, when they leave at the age f eleven, many f them feel uncmfrtable abut the act f drawing. They have learned that there is a “right” way t draw, and a “wrng” way. There isn’t. The mst imprtant thing is t draw and t express yurself thrugh yu wrk.
Pieass painted and sculpted like a child. He expressed himself freely. He cared little abut what ther peple thught f him. Perhaps this is why his paintings and sculptures are still ppular tday.
29．What was Pabl Picass?
A．A painter.B．A sculptrC．A writerD．Bth A and B
30．Which f the fllwing pinins may the writer supprt?
A．Every child will be an artist when he grws up.
B．Children shuld learn what is a “right” way t draw r a “wrng” way.
C．Every child is brn t be an artist and we shuld stay true t the artistic talent.
D．When children are at the age f eleven, they will never draw well.
31．Why is the writer surprised by the children’s drawings?
A．Because the children draw after him
B．Because the children’s drawings seem lifeless
C．Because the children wrry abut thers’ judgement
D．Because the children just put their ideas ut there withut verthinking
32．Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the passage
A．Pabl Picass was nt free t play with the art f sculpture
B．Pabl Picass’s wrks are nt ppular tday
C．There is a “right” way and a “wrng” way t draw
D．It is imprtant t express urselves freely thrugh ur drawings
（2023·江苏扬州·模拟预测）Shuld Children Be Allwed t Get Bred?
Children need time t stand and stare. They shuld be allwed t get bred s that they can develp their ability t be creative.
Children are expected by their parents t be reading a textbk all the time. Hwever, research shws that it may hamper the develpment f their imaginatin, while bredm can give them pprtunities t develp creativity.
Bredm is ften linked with lneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said bredm had helped her in develping her mind. She tld researchers abut her childhd. Having few things t d, Syal ften talked with her neighbrs. She als tried t d things like learning t bake cakes.
“But imprtantly, I thught and wrte a lt, because I was bred,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with shrt stries and pems she made up.
Graysn Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little mney. He enjyed himself by making up stries, drawing pictures fr his stries and reading many bks in the library. Bred but free, he spent hurs lking ut f the windw, watching the changing cluds and seasns. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he culd think freely.
Dr Beltn is an expert n the effects f emtins n learning. “Bredm culd be an uncmfrtable feeling,” she said. “But sme yung peple cannt deal with that bredm creatively. S smetimes they may break a classrm windw, r drive a car ut fr a mad race.” Usually, when children have nthing t d, they wuld turn n the TV, the cmputer, r the phne. Their time n these things has increased, yet they need t have time t think abut their experiences thrugh play r just watching the wrld arund them.
It is this kind f thinking that can inspire the imaginatin. On the ther hand, the TV r phne may cut shrt the thinking prcess. That can be harmful t the develpment f creativity. “Fr develping the ability t be creative,” Dr. Beltn advised, “Perhaps we need t stand and stare, and stay ff-line frm time t time.”
阅读短文，据此完成下列小题。
33．What des the wrd “hamper” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Slw dwn.B．Keep up with.C．G beynd.D．Give rise t.
34．The writer talks abut Syal and Perry t ________.
A．stress the great differences between them
B．intrduce a ppular writer and a famus artist
C．suggest gd ways f ging thrugh bredm
D．shw effects f bredm n develping creativity
35．“ff-line” here means ________.
A．nt wait in lineB．nt want t stand in line
C．nt cnnected t a cmputer netwrkD．nt n a regular rute f a transprtatin system
36．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Bredm prvides children with space t think freely
B．It’s much better fr children t be busy than be bred
C．Bredm helps children deal with difficulties prperly
D．It’s bring fr children t think abut their experiences
（2023·江苏·一模）Yu have tried t hard but yu dn’t succeed; yu’ve made all yur effrts but yu dn’t get the results yu want. What shuld yu d? Give up and turn ver a new page. Drp it like it’s ht, and run in the ppsite directin as fast as yu can.
D yu feel surprised? What is wrng with giving up? Oh yes, we all have been trained and asked t wrk hard t achieve ur dreams, and that is a gd thing. The prblem cmes ut when all these inspiratinal qutes (励志名言) start cnfusing us.
These messages tell peple nt t give up, but they dn’t tell yu that it shuld nly apply t (适用于) yur true dreams. They tell peple t “try and try again” until they succeed, but that amunt f effrt shuld nly be put tward what peple really want in life and they shuld never give up n matter what life gals they have. The rest is all just there t cnfuse yu, distract (使分心) yu, give yu a headache and sadness, s dn’t let it happen.
If yu are really nt gd at smething, give it up and try t d smething yu like. Once yu d smething yu like, yu wn’t feel bred and als wn’t give it up. Yu knw clearly what yu want even the rad t success is hard. S yu need t knw what yu’re gd at. T find yur talent, yu need t bserve (观察) the things arund yu and write dwn the things yu’re interested in n yur ntebk. Then yu can search them n the Internet and knw mre abut them. Asking yur parents r friends fr help is als a gd idea because they can see smething yu can’t. They can help yu knw yurself clearly.
Try t discver yur talent, yur ability and yur skills. Find ut what yu are gd at, what makes yu happy and then wrk n it. If yu d, n ne wuld have t tell yu r inspire yu nt t give up because when yu lve smething, yu keep trying until yu get it right and the enthusiasm flws frm within. Dn’t wrry abut what peple will say r think. It’s yur life, s yu have t lve it and be yur wn bss.
37．Inspiratinal qutes are suitable fr thse wh ________.
A．are successfulB．have n life galsC．have true dreamsD．never give up
38．Once yu find smething yu like, yu wn’t ________.
A．achieve yur dreamsB．feel bred r give up
C．knw yurself clearlyD．cntinue it
39．Yu can discver yur talent thrugh sme ways except ________.
A．bserving the things arund yu.B．searching things n the Internet
C．writing dwn the things yu’re interested inD．asking yur teachers fr help
40．The underlined wrd “enthusiasm” in the passage means ________.
A．happinessB．curisityC．abilityD．sadness
（2023·江苏扬州·统考二模）Screaming（尖叫）and crying is cmmn amng children but it’s ften seen as a prblem that shuld be stpped. What if that wasn’t true?
“Until abve the age f 12, kids dn’t necessarily have the ability t stp themselves frm crying r screaming when they’re unhappy,” says Greg Oliver at Henry Frd Medical Center in Try. “Frustratin（沮丧）is a frm f energy, s it des need t cme ut,” he says. “I wuld encurage them t scream.”“Screaming, after all, is a gd frm f getting frustratin ut as lng as it desn’t include cursing（咒骂）,” Oliver says.“Once they are ver 12, they really shuld have the skills t cntrl themselves a little bit.” says Oliver.“Anyne under 13, it’s smewhat understandable fr them t be frustrated when they can’t deal with a prblem,” he says.
“A cmmn mistake is t try t avid making a scene in public,” Oliver says. Remember that yur lng-term gal as a parent is yur child’s emtinal stability（情绪稳定）. “The parents have t keep in mind that they’re wrking n a lng-term basis here. If they think abut ther peple’s feelings in public, they’re ging t lse the chance t teach their kid a lifelng skill that they’re ging t need,” he says. “What ther peple might judge r think is nt as imprtant as hw their kid turns ut after 18 years.”
S what shuld parents d when their kids start screaming? Let their children realize that they can wrk thrugh it.“The kids really need t realize, feeling bad is nt terrible, I can wrk thrugh this, rather than hw I can get ut f it right away,” Oliver says. That’s nt t say that parents shuld stand by ding nthing, thugh. A parent might say, “I knw this is hard fr yu.”
“The parents kind f guide them thrugh the screaming rather than expect it t end,” Oliver says.“Dn’t tell them it’s n big deal,” Oliver says.“If parents can successfully get thrugh it, that’s really healthier than getting the kid t suddenly shut it dwn in five minutes,” he says.
41．What is Oliver’s advice fr kids ver 12?
A．Feel free t scream.
B．Be ready t accept help.
C．Try nt t shw their frustratin.
D．Learn abut self-cntrl.
42．If parents try t end kids’ screaming quickly, it may ________.
A．cause lng-term harmB．teach kids a lifelng skill
C．hurt ther peple’s feelingsD．help kids get their frustratin ut
43．What shuld parents d when their kids scream?
A．Stand by ding nthing.B．Shw them hw t end quickly.
C．Guide them thrugh the screaming.D．Tell them it’s nthing serius.
44．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Why D Kids Scream?B．Shuld We Stp Kids Screaming?
C．Hw Can Peple Be Gd Parents?D．What D Kids D When They’re Frustrated?
（2023·江苏·一模）In many cuntries, schls have lng summer hlidays, with shrter hlidays in between. Hwever, a new reprt suggests reducing the length f schl hlidays t stp children frgetting what they have learned during the lng summer break. Instead f three schl terms, it says, “There shuld be five eight-week terms. There wuld be just fur weeks ff in the summer, with a tw-week break between the ther terms. The annual (每年的) amunt f hliday time wuld remain the same.”
Snia Mnter has tw children at primary schl and wrks full time. She supprts the idea. “The kids,” she says, “have much lnger hlidays than me and I can’t affrd t take several weeks ff wrk, s I need smene t take care f them. But nbdy wants the wrk in the summer mnths—they all have hlidays f their wn.”
Nt surprisingly, sme yung peple disagree. Student Jasn Pans, says, “It’s a stupid idea. I really can’t imagine staying at schl in the summer—I’d hate it. It’s ttally unfair, t. The peple wh suggest this had lng schl hlidays when they were yung. But nw they want t stp us enjying the summer. They nly need t lk at places like Spain and America, where they have much lnger hlidays than here. The kids there dn’t frget everything they’ve learned in a cuple f mnths, d they?”
Nadia Salib, 14, agrees. “Sure,” she says, “the first week at schl after the summer is never easy, but yu sn get back int it. The real prblem rund here is that kids get bred after s many weeks ut f schl, and then sme f them start causing truble. But the answer is t give them smething t d in their free time, nt make everyne stay in schl lnger. We all hate that.”
45．Why des Snia prefer shrter schl hlidays?
A．She thinks that middle schl hlidays are t lng.
B．She desn’t get any summer hlidays in her present jb.
C．She can’t get anyne t lk after her children in summer.
D．She can’t affrd t pay smene t lk after her children.
46．What des Jasn say abut lng summer hlidays?
A．Schls in ther cuntries dn’t have them. B．They can help children frget abut schl.
C．These days many lder peple have them t. D．They have n influence n children’s educatin.
47．What des Nadia say abut yung peple in summer?
A．They need smething t d t enrich themselves.
B．Lng hlidays are very bad fr their educatin.
C．They wuld like t spend mre time at schl.
D．They behave badly when they g back t schl.
48．Which f the fllwing sentences best explains the article?
A．They’ve changed all the schl terms and sme students are getting very angry abut it
B．Sme peple want t change the schl year but nt everyne thinks it’s a gd idea.
C．Everyne’s against the idea f shrtening the summer hlidays s they’ve decided t frget the idea.
D．Teenagers are very wrried because there are ging t be fewer schl hlidays in the year.
Beliefs f Fixed and Grwth Mindsets
Fixed Mindset
Grwth Mindset
Things yu’re brn with that cannt change
Things yu can grw and imprve with hard wrk
Smething t avid—culd shw lack f skill
Smething imprtant—leads t success
Things t avid—in case yu aren’t gd enugh
Things that help yu learn
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了固定型思维和成长型思维的区别，告诉我们应该更注重后天努力，而不是与生俱来的智力才能。
1．推理判断题。根据“Sme students were tld that they were gd at a task. They didn’t try very hard the next time”及“The first grup f students was learning that they had a set amunt f skill. They didn’t think they culd d any better. This is called a fixed mindset（思维模式）.”可知，文章介绍了拥有固定型思维模式的学生在面对一项任务时，如果受到了夸赞表扬，那么下一次他们就不会再继续努力了，故可推知拥有固定型思维的人获得成功的机会较小。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据表格最后一行Challenges中“Things that help yu learn”可知，拥有成长型思维的人会把挑战视为可以帮助他们学习的事情。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Psychlgists（心理学家）lked at what students did after they were given different types f praise. Sme students were tld that they were gd at a task. They didn’t try very hard the next time. Other students were tld that they had wrked hard at a task. They wrked even harder the next time.”可知，文章第二段介绍了两组不同的学生在接受不同表扬后的行为表现，说明了固定型思维和成长型思维的不同；故文章通过对比事实来组织文章中心思想。故选D。
4．C 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．A
【分析】本文讲述了一位在中国生活的加拿大人谈论如何与外国人建立和保持友谊，他认为要把外国人当作人，而不是机会，才能一步一步地建立友谊。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“As a Canadian living in China fr a year…”可知，作者来自加拿大，故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段“I was curius t see what kind f advice a Chinese writer giving n this matter”可知，作者对这本书很感兴趣，是因为他想知道一位中国作家在这个问题上给出了什么样的建议，故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段“ In the writer’s pinin, freigners are an ‘pprtunity’ t imprve yur ral English; whenever yu see a freigner, American r English, yu shuld practise speaking English with him r her.”可知，书的作者认为外国人是提高你英语口语的“机会”，每当你见到外国人，你应该和他或她练习说英语，故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第二段“One piece f advice really caught my attentin and, I must say, made me feel quite angry.”以及第四段“Hwever, I have als met many Chinese peple wh cnsider me nly as an ‘pprtunity’ t imprve their ral English.”可知，这里作者用了三次“I have had…”，因为他想表明他是多么讨厌被当作“机会”来对待，故选C。
8．词句猜测题。根据前一句“Expect t make friendships step by step, ver a perid f time, nt in a rush.”可知，这里作者想告诉我们要一步一步地建立友谊，在一段时间内，不要匆忙，真正的友谊经得起时间的考验的，故选A。
9．B 10．A 11．A 12．C
【分析】这是一篇议论文，文章讲述手机应用程序介绍艺术作品的一些历史信息，给人们灌输一些令人惊喜的信息帮助欣赏艺术作品这种想法是错误的，艺术作品的欣赏最好是隐藏在神秘中，就像在荒野里的旅行一样。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段“It is a mistaken idea that yu need t be spn-fed amazing facts abut a wrk f art in rder t appreciate it .Our first experience f a wrk f art shuld be raw, unguided, and a bit puzzling, like fllwing a path in the wds”为了欣赏作品需要灌输一些关于艺术作品的事实这种想法是错误的。对艺术的体验应该是生的，没有指导的，有一点迷惑的，就像走在树林的小路上，最后一段“Art is a jurney in the wilderness r it is nthing at all”艺术是在荒野里的旅行。可知作者主要想表达的是艺术最好被隐藏在神秘中。故选B。
10．词义猜测题。根据“enjy an app that allws them t shw ff their knwledge”喜欢一种应用程序来炫耀他们的知识，可知braggarts的含义是喜欢炫耀的人。故选A。
11．段落大意题。根据“Our first experience f a wrk f art shuld…” 以及“Later, yu might chse…”可知第四段主语讲述怎样去欣赏艺术作品，为了欣赏作品需要灌输一些关于艺术作品的事实这种想法是错误的。对艺术的体验应该是自然状态的，没有指导的，有一点迷惑的，就像走在树林的小路上；然后你还可以选择对艺术作品做一些研究，能进一步增加对艺术的欣赏。故选A。
12．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Later, yu might chse t d sme persnal research int the wrk. It can further increase yur enjyment and appreciatin fr it”选择对艺术作品做一些研究，能进一步增加对艺术的欣赏，及最后一段“let yur intuitins fly ff”让你的直觉飞出来。可知研究和直觉都能帮助理解艺术。故选C。
13．C 14．D 15．D 16．A
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了期望过高的好处与坏处。通过举例子，引导人们要对自己或他人要抱有切合实际的期望。
13．细节理解题。根据原文“yu’ll prbably hear yur family and friends say “g big r g hme’’. They think yu shuld set high expectatins. ”可知，当家人朋友说“要么出众，要么出局”时，他们是在鼓励你抱有更高的期望。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据原文“But if yur expectatins are t high t realize, it can be findings f a study shwed that sme students were under serius stress because they wanted t be perfect...”和后文的一些实例可知，一些学生有压力是因为期望过高而无法实现导致的。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据原文“T avid this situatin, yu shuld set yur expectatins realistically (切合实际地).”可知，要想避免失望，就应该对他人抱有切合实际的期望。故选D。
16．最佳标题题。全文都是在论述关于高期望的利与弊。故选A。
17．A 18．D 19．C 20．B
【分析】本文讨论了聊天机器人工具ChatGPT在教育领域中的使用情况，包括一些学校和教育机构对其使用的担忧和禁止，以及一些教育机构对其使用的支持。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The mve cmes ut f wrries that the tl culd make it easier fr students t cheat n assignments.”可知此举是出于对该工具可能使学生更容易在作业中作弊的担忧。故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据第六段的“It des nt build critical-thinking(批判性思维) and prblem-slving skills, which are necessary fr academic(学术的) and lifelng success,”可知它没有建立批判性思维和解决问题的能力，这是学术和终身成功所必需的，选项D“使用ChatGPT不利于培养学生的思维”符合。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据第七段的“Apart frm bans, teachers are making changes t their classes t blck the use f ChatGPT. Sme cllege teachers in the US try t include mre speaking exams and handwritten n papers instead f typed nes.”可知除了禁令之外，教师们还对他们的班级课程进行更改，以阻止使用 ChatGPT。美国的一些大学教师试图包括更多的口语考试和卷面考试，而不是要打字的试卷。因此a和c符合。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据第六段“It des nt build critical-thinking and prblem-slving skills”可知，它没有建立批判性思维和解决问题的能力，因此会让学生思考变得懒惰，选项A有提及；根据最后一段“bans n AI sftware like ChatGPT are nt wise”可知，完全禁止ChatGPT是不明智的决定，因此选项C有提及；根据最后一段“We have t knw that AI is a tl peple will use”可知，我们必须知道人工智能是人们将使用的工具，因此是能供老师和学生使用，选项D有提及。选项B“ChatGPT将彻底改变目前的教育”文章中没有提到。故选B。
21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C
【分析】本文作者论述了释放自我提升能力的力量是在一切都变得最糟糕的时候，因此作者认为迎接生活中的变化，才能把它变得更好。享受释放自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始变得轻松快乐。
21．推理判断题。根据“We see the warning signs and signals when things get rugh and difficult.”可知，第2段主要告诉我们，当事情变得艰难时，我们会看到警告信号。也就是说，我们在经历痛苦时才会吸取了教训。故选D。
22．推理判断题。根据“Unlcking ur self-imprvement pwer means unlcking urselves ut f the bx f thught that is just the way we are.”可知，释放我们自我提升的力量意味着把我们自己从思维的盒子里解放出来。因此，要解决简的问题，要建议她把自己从思维的盒子里解放出来。故选B。
23．篇章结构题。文章第一段指出：我们唯一想释放自我提升能力的时候，是在一切都变得最糟糕的时候。第二、三段通过例子再次说明：我们大多数人唯一一次学会释放自我提升的力量是在整个世界分崩离析的时候。第四至六段说明释放自我提升的力量的重要性及方法。第七段总结全文并告诉我们：只有当我们享受释放自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始变得轻松快乐。因此选项A的篇章结构符合本文内容。故选A。
24．观点态度题。根据“Happy peple dn’t just accept change; they welcme it.”可知，快乐的人不仅仅接受改变；他们对此表示欢迎。也就是说，作者认为，如果你欢迎生活中的变化，你会让它变得更好。故选C。
25．B 26．C 27．C 28．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章讨论了聊天机器人工具ChatGPT在教育领域中的使用情况，包括一些学校和教育机构对其使用的担忧和禁止，以及一些教育机构对其使用的支持。
25．细节理解题。根据第四段“The mve cmes ut f wrries that the tl culd make it easier fr students t cheat n study. ”可知，此举是出于对该工具可能使学生更容易在学习中作弊的担忧。故选B。
26．细节理解题。根据第五段“It des nt build critical-thinking and prblem-slving skills, which are necessary fr academic and lifelng success,”可知，詹娜·莱尔认为ChatGPT没有建立批判性思维和解决问题的能力，而这些能力对于学术和终身的成功是必要的，使用ChatGPT对培养学生的思维没有好处。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据第五段“It des nt build critical-thinking and prblem-slving skills”可知，ChatGPT会使学生们变懒；根据最后一段“ bans n AI sftware like ChatGPT are nt wise”可知，完全禁止ChatGPT是不明智的决定；根据最后一段“We have t knw that AI is a tl peple will use”可知，ChatGPT是相当有用的工具。选项C“ChatGPT将彻底改变目前的教育。”文章中没有提到。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段“ChatGPT, a smart AI chat-bt tl, has swept the educatin wrld in the past mnths..”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讨论了聊天机器人ChatGPT与学校教育的关系，这与“科学与教育”相关。故选D。
29．D 30．C 31．D 32．D
【分析】本文主要论述了每个孩子生来就是艺术家，但是长大后如何保持艺术家的身份。
29．细节理解题。根据第一段“A few years ag, I saw an exhibitin f Pabl Picass’s sculptures. Maybe, because he thught f himself as a painter first, he was freer t play with the art f sculpture.”可知，毕加索既是一个画家，又是一个雕塑家，故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第一段“The exhibitin brught t mind Picass’s famus qute, ‘Every child is an artist.’. The prblem is hw t remain an artist nce we grw up.”可知，作者认为每个孩子生来就是艺术家，我们应该忠于自己的艺术天赋，故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据第二段“I’m always surprised by them. Children just put their ideas ut there. They d nt verthink.”可知，作家对孩子们的画感到惊讶是因为孩子们只是不假思索地把自己的想法表达出来，故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第三段“The mst imprtant thing is t draw and t express yurself thrugh yu wrk.”可知，通过绘画自由表达自己是很重要的，故选D。
33．A 34．D 35．C 36．A
【分析】本文主要讲述了无聊给孩子们提供了自由思考的空间，可以培养孩子的创造力。
33．词义猜测题。根据“Hwever, research shws that it may hamper the develpment f their imaginatin, while bredm can give them pprtunities t develp creativity.”可知，无聊可以给孩子们培养创造力的机会，while表示形成对比，因此此处是指研究表明保持忙碌这种做法是对孩子想象力的培养有阻碍作用的，因此hamper与“slw dwn”意思相近。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据“but a writer named Meera Syal said bredm had helped her in develping her mind.”及“Bred but free, he spent hurs lking ut f the windw, watching the changing cluds and seasns. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he culd think freely.”可知，Syal和Perry的共同点是无聊时做自己喜欢的事情，这有助于开发他们的智力和创造力，因此作者谈论他们是为了表明无聊对开发创造力的影响。故选D。
35．词义猜测题。根据“On the ther hand, the TV r phne may cut shrt the thinking prcess. That can be harmful t the develpment f creativity. ‘Fr develping the ability t be creative,’ Dr. Beltn advised, ‘Perhaps we need t stand and stare, and stay ff-line frm time t time.’”可知，电视或手机也许会缩短思考的过程，不利于创造力的培养。为了培养创造力，也许我们需要站着凝视，时不时地保持离线状态。此处的ff-line应表示远离网络。故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据“They shuld be allwed t get bred s that they can develp their ability t be creative.”及文中作者列举的事例可知，无聊可以为孩子们提供自由思考的空间。故选A。
37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A
【分析】本文主要讲述了当我们努力工作却不能实现梦想时，就不能为所谓的励志名言所困惑，应该要懂得放弃，重新开始，试着做自己喜欢的事，努力发现自己的天赋、能力和技能，坚持努力，做好自我。
37．细节理解题。根据“These messages tell peple nt t give up, but they dn’t tell yu that it shuld nly apply t (适用于) yur true dreams”可知，励志名言适合那些有真正梦想的人。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据“Once yu d smething yu like, yu wn’t feel bred and als wn’t give it up”可知，一旦你做了你喜欢的事情，你就不会感到无聊，也不会放弃。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据“T find yur talent, yu need t bserve (观察) the things arund yu and write dwn the things yu’re interested in n yur ntebk. Then yu can search them n the Internet and knw mre abut them”和“Asking yur parents r friends fr help is als a gd idea”可知，要发现你的天赋，你需要观察你周围的事情，并把你感兴趣的事情写在笔记本上，然后你可以在互联网上搜索它们，了解更多关于它们的信息。同时，向你的父母或朋友寻求帮助也是一个好主意。而不是向老师寻求帮助。故选D。
40．词句猜测题。根据“If yu d, n ne wuld have t tell yu r inspire yu nt t give up because when yu lve smething, yu keep trying until yu get it right and the enthusiasm flws frm within”可知，当你喜欢一件事的时候，你会一直尝试，直到你把它做好，热情从内心涌动，故此处划线单词应意为“热情、开心、喜悦”。故选A。
41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了孩子在公共场所哭闹尖叫时，家长是不是应该立即制止他们。
41．细节理解题。根据“Once they are ver 12, they really shuld have the skills t cntrl themselves a little bit.”可知，Oliver建议12岁以上的孩子学会自我控制。故选D。
42．推理判断题。根据“Remember that yur lng-term gal as a parent is yur child’s emtinal stability(情绪稳定）.”和“What ther peple might judge r think is nt as imprtant as hw their kid turns ut after 18 years.”可知，如果孩子尖叫被家长迅速制止，会对孩子造成长期的伤害。故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“The parents kind f guide them thrugh the screaming rather than expect it t end,”可知，家长在孩子哭闹期间要引导他们。故选C。
44．标题归纳题。根据“Screaming(尖叫） and crying is cmmn amng children but it’s ften seen as a prblem that shuld be stpped. What if that wasn’t true?”可知，文章主要探讨了孩子尖叫时，我们是否应该阻止他们尖叫。故选B。
45．C 46．D 47．A 48．B
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了有人建议缩短暑假延长学生在校学习时间，对此不同的人有不同的观点。
45．细节理解题。根据“I need smene t take care f them. But nbdy wants the wrk in the summer mnths—they all have hlidays f their wn.”可知，Snia同意缩短学生暑假假期，只要是因为暑假没有人帮助她带孩子。故选C。
46．推理判断题。根据“They nly need t lk at places like Spain and America, where they have much lnger hlidays than here. The kids there dn’t frget everything they’ve learned in a cuple f mnths, d they?”可知，西班牙和美国的学生假期也很长，但是他们并没有忘记所学的内容，所以说Jasn认为长的暑假对学生并没有太大的影响。故选D。
47．推理判断题。根据“But the answer is t give them smething t d in their free time, nt make everyne stay in schl lnger.”（但答案是让他们在空闲时间做点事情，而不是让每个人都在学校待得更久。）可知，Nadia认为他们需要做些事情来充实自己。故选A。
48．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章开头提出缩短假期的建议，第二段介绍了家长支持的看法，第三段介绍了学生反对的观点，由此可以推断人们对此提议有不同的观点。故选B。