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专题20 介词八类20个高频考点（清单）--【知识大盘点】2024高考英语一轮复习知识大盘点红宝书
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这是一份专题20 介词八类20个高频考点（清单）--【知识大盘点】2024高考英语一轮复习知识大盘点红宝书，文件包含专题20介词八类20个高频考点清单原卷版docx、专题20介词八类20个高频考点清单解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。英语的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
【口袋书】专题20 介词八类20个考点（清单）原卷版
目录
英语介词分类思维导图 P1
考点清单一、表示时间的介词的用法 P2
考点清单二、表示方位的介词的用法 P3
考点清单三、表示工具、手段、方式的介词的用法 P4
考点清单四、表示"原因或理由"的介词的用法 P5
考点清单五、表示“除了……”的介词的用法 P5
考点清单六、两组高频易混介词比较 P6
考点清单七、高频介词用法思维导图 P6
考点清单八、八个高频介词用法归纳 P8
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P13
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题） P15
分类训练（三）语法填空（外刊原创） P16
中国沿海地区全力预防台风“杜苏芮” P16
英语介词分类思维导图
考点清单一、表示时间的介词的用法
要点精讲1：表示时间的介词at, n, in
①at表示在某一时刻或时间点。如：at 8 a.m.。常用词组有：
at dawn, at dusk, at nn, at night, at midnight, at the end f, at that time, at the mment, at Christmas, at New Year等。
②n指具体的或特定的日子。如：
n Mnday, n Christmas Eve, n May Day, n a warm mrning, n September 12th, n that day等。
③in表示在某段时间内，如:年、月、日、周、季节、上午、下午等。如：
in the mrning/afternn/evening, in Octber, in 2008, in the 21st century, in summer, in the past, in the future, in five days等。
【即时训练】单句填空
1.（2022重庆）It began n January 19 and finished ___________ the early mrning f January 20.
2. The train leaves ____ 6:00pm, s I have t be at the statin _______ 5:30 pm.
3. My grandfather still plays tennis nw and then even thugh he’s _______ his nineties.
4.______ Nvember 2017, Marshall saw a persn lying in the street after being hit by a car.
要点精讲2：表示时间的fr, since与frm
①fr后接时间段的名词词组，表示行为状态持续了多久。如：
Mr. Brwn lived in that little village fr nearly thirty years. 布朗先生在那个小山村住了差不多30年。
②since后接过去某一时间点，表示“自从……以来”，常与现在完成时、现在完成进行时连用。如：
We haven’t seen each ther since 2005. 自从2005年以来，我们彼此没见过面。
③frm“自……起”，可与多种时态连用。如：
【即时训练】单句填空
5.—Excuse me, which mvie are yu waiting fr？
—The new Star Wars. We have been waiting here ______mre than tw hurs.
6._______ mid-March t mid-April every year, it is the best time t enjy the beautiful cherry blssms.
7. Chinese tea culture has witnessed a lng histry _________ the Tang Dynasty.
要点精讲3：表示时间的in与after
①in+时间段，一般用于将来时。如：We will be back in three days. 我们将在3天后回来。
②after+时间段，一般用于过去时。如：After tw mnths, he returned. 两个月后，他回来了。
注意：after+时间点，可用于过去时和将来时。如：
After seven, the rain began t fall. 七点后开始下雨。
We will leave after lunch. 我们将在午饭后动身。
【即时训练】单句填空
8. My father will be back ________ three days.
9.My father will be back ________ three 'clck.
10.My father came back ________ three days/three days later.
要点精讲4：表示时间的befre, by, till/until, beynd
①befre 的用法：befre “早于；在……之前”。如：
The new rad will be cmpleted befre the end f the year.这条新道路将在年底以前建成。
②by 的用法：表示“不迟于……，在(某时)前”；表示“在……期间，在……时间内”。如：
All f yu are t arrive at schl by seven 'clck.你们所有人必须在7点钟前到校。
He wrked by night and slept by day.他晚上工作，白天睡觉。
③until 和 till 的用法：
until 是比较正式的用法。在肯定句中和延续性动词连用，表示动作一直持续到 until 后面的时间为止；在否定句中和非延续性动词连用，表示该动作直到 until 后面的时间才开始。till 意义与 until 相同。如：
He wrks frm mrning till night, day after day.他日复一日从早工作到晚。
④表示“（时间）过了，比……晚，迟于” 。如：
It wn't g n beynd midnight. 这事不会延续到午夜以后。
【即时训练】单句填空
11.（2021年全国乙卷）Ecturism has its rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s. It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept _________ the late 1980s.
12. __________ this time next year yu will have been in cllege fr a year.
13. Srry, Madam. Yu’d better cme tmrrw because it’s ________ the visiting hurs.
考点清单二、表示方位的介词的用法
要点精讲1：表示方位的介词in, n, t, ff
四个词都可表示两地之间的方位关系。in 表示在某范围之内；t 表示在某范围之外；n 表示“毗邻”“接壤”；ff 则强调两地间隔着一小段距离。如：
Beijing is in the nrth f China. 北京位于华北。
Nrth Krea lies n the east f China. 朝鲜与中国的东部接壤。
Japan lies t the east f China. 日本在中国的东方。
The bat was anchred ff the nrthern cast f the peninsula. 那只船停泊在了离半岛北海岸不远处。
【即时训练】单句填空
14.Shandng Prvince is/lies ________ the east f China.
15.Shandng Prvince is/lies ________ the nrtheast f Hubei Prvince.
16.Mnglia is/lies ________ the nrth f China.
17.Lily lives in a flat just ________ Park Avenue.
要点精讲2：表示“穿过……”的thrugh, acrss与ver
thrugh指从内部穿过；acrss则指表面上的横穿；ver指从上方过去、跨越。如：
The elephant can’t g thrugh the gate. 大象不能从门里穿过。
I help the blind man acrss the rad. 我帮助那位盲人过马路。
He climbed ver the wall. 他从墙上爬了过去。
【即时训练】单句填空
18. Xing, a visually disabled yung wman wh started learning the pian at the age f 6, said her idl was Beethven, wh went cmpletely deaf later and their physical challenges led bth f them t establish a cnnectin with the utside wrld ______music.
19. The new railway winds its way t Jieyang, ver muntains, __________tunnels and _______ rivers.
要点精讲3：表示“在……之间”的between 和amng
①between一般表示两者之间；有时虽然是三个以上的人或事物，但如果强调两两相互间的关系，仍用between。如：
Yu are t sit between yur father and me. 你就坐在我和你父亲之间吧。
②amng多表示“在……之间(指三者或三者以上,或笼统的一群人或一些物之间)”。
I fund the letter amng his papers. 我在他的文件中找到了这封信。
The girl quickly disappeared amng the crwd. 那个女孩很快就消失在人群之中。
Agreements were made between the different cuntries. 不同国家之间达成了协议。
【即时训练】单句填空
20. (2017天津)When yu drive thrugh the Redwd Frests in Califrnia, yu will be _______ trees that are ver 1,000 years ld.
21.（2021年浙江）The study fund that _______1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in wmen and men.
22. (四川2007)Sme students ften listen t music ________ classes t refresh themselves.
要点精讲4：表示上下的介词abve, belw, ver, under, n, beneath
abve 在某物的斜上方；belw 在某物的斜下方；ver 在某物的正上方；under 在某物的正下方；n 在某物的上面(两者接触)；beneath 在某物的下面(两者接触)
We were flying abve the cluds. 我们在云层上面飞行。
Please d nt write belw this line. 请不要写到这条线下面。
She put a blanket ver the sleeping child. 她给熟睡的孩子盖上毯子。
The dg squeezed under the gate and ran int the rad.
They fund the bdy buried beneath a pile f leaves. 他们发现尸体被埋在一堆树叶下面。
【即时训练】单句填空
23. Wrd came that the Beijing- Zhangjiaku high-speed railway, lcated in Nrth China, is nw ________ cnstructin, and is expected t be cmpleted by 2020 in preparatin fr the cities t hst the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
24.A great persn is always putting thers’ interests ________ his wn.
25. And in her twenties, it’s the 19th. They usually have their “real” birthday when they are ______20.
考点清单三、表示工具、手段、方式的介词的用法
要点精讲：
①by涉及交通工具的单数名词且该名词前不加冠词和任何修饰语。by还可以表示"靠……手段,用……方法,凭借……",后可接名词、代词或动词-ing。
by sea, by water, by land, by air, by bike, by taxi, by plane, by ship/bat, by train, by spaceship
We can realize ur dream by wrking hard. 通过努力我们可以实现梦想。
Yu can make the cake by mixing eggs and flur. 把鸡蛋与面粉混合，你就可以做出那种蛋糕。
②with表示"用,使用(某种工具、物品或材料等)"。所接名词前应加冠词或形容词性物主代词。
He sharpened his pencil with a knife.他用小刀削铅笔。
We see with ur eyes, hear with ur ears, and walk with ur legs. 我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听，用腿走路。
③in表示用材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等。如：
The bk was written in Chinese.这本书是用中文写的。
He spke in a lud vice. 他大声说话。
Please write in ink，nt in pencil. 请用墨水写，不要用铅笔写。
④n表示"通过,使用,借助于”媒体工具。如
She learns English n the radi/n TV.她通过收音机/电视学英语。
【即时训练】单句填空
26. I usually g t schl ______ my dad’s car, while my brther ges t schl _____ ft.
27. (2016全国Ⅲ)In India, fr example, mst peple traditinally eat ________their hands.
28. A cuplet writer may shw his feelings ________ means f describing the scenery r expressing his wishes in his wrks.
考点清单四、表示"原因或理由"的介词的用法
要点精讲：
【即时训练】单句填空
29. Yu dn’t need t aplgize __________ a minr slip.
30. Giggling kids raced cheerfully alng the lakeside beach, ___________ their parents enjying the shady picnic areas under the trees alng the shre.
考点清单五、表示“除了……”的介词的用法
要点精讲：①besides指“除了……还有”，与in additin t/apart frm/aside frm同义。作连接副词时，意为“此外”。如：
Tw freign teachers were present at the meeting besides Smith. 除了史密斯之外，还有两名外籍教师出席了会议。
②but作介词时，意为“除了(……之外)”，常用在n, all, nbdy, anywhere, everything, n等词和其他疑问词后面。如：
Wh but a fl wuld d such a thing? 除了傻瓜谁会做这样的事？
③except与except fr都意为“除……外”，两者一般都不能位于句首。但except后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类，指在同类的整体中除去一个部分。except fr后接的词同整体词（主语）不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节。如：
The ffice is pen every day except Sundays. 除了星期日这家公司每天都营业。
His diary is gd except fr a few spelling mistakes. 除了一些拼写错误，他的日记写得还不错。
【即时训练】单句填空
31. ________thse measures in schls, 47 ftball training camps have als been built in an effrt t prmte the sprt amng yung peple.
32. He ges t the library every day ________when he is nt well.
考点清单六、两组高频易混介词比较
要点精讲1：表示支持、反对的介词fr, against
【即时训练】单句填空
33. Mary sld the huse even thugh it was________ her husband's wish.
34. Our Natinal Flag stands ut brightly ________ the blue sky.
35. (2020山东)Museums must cmpete _______peple’s spare time and mney with ther amusements.
要点精讲2：表示“像……”的介词as, like
as用作介词，指身份、资格，意为“作为”。如：
Let me speak t yu as a father. (事实上是父亲)
Treat me as a friend. 把我当作朋友。
like用作介词，意为“像……一样”。如：
Let me speak t yu like a father. (事实上不是父亲)
He lks like his father. 他长得像他父亲。
【即时训练】单句填空
36. Yu are nt wearing yur seat belt, s yu can slide in and ut f yur seat easily. That sunds ________ a lt f fun.
37. We start with small talk， a plite cnversatin abut smething ______ traffic r weather.
38. Fr Lucy, nthing beats traveling, which she described ________ her favrite part f being alive.
考点清单七、高频介词用法思维导图
考点清单八、八个高频介词用法归纳
要点精讲1：against
（1）反对（反义词fr）
Are yu fr r against the plan? 你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?
There were 20 vtes fr him and 12 against him. 有20票赞成他，12票反对他。
（2）违背，违抗，违反
What yu have dne is against the law. 所做的事情是违法的。
Jane married Jack against her wn will. 简与杰克结婚，违背了自己的意愿。
（3）紧靠；倚
Place the ladder against the wall. 把梯子靠在墙上。
The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。
He std leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上。
（4）迎着；逆着
Yu shuld fly yur kite against the wind. 你应该迎着风放风筝。
We are sailing against the wind.(with the wind表示“顺风”) 我们的船正在逆风行驶。
（5）撞击，碰着
The rain was beating against the windws. 雨点拍打着窗户。
Tm hit his head against a tree in the dark.黑暗中汤姆的头撞在一棵树上。
（6）映衬；相映；对照
The red flag lks very bright against the blue sky. 红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得十分鲜艳。
The little red huse lks s beautiful against the green wds. 那座红色的小屋在翠绿的森林衬托下显得很美。
（7）不利于
an evidence against him 一个对他不利的证据
要点精讲2：by
（1）到…为止；不迟于
They had finished the wrk by the end f last week. 到上周末他们已完成了工作。
Maybe she has cme back by nw. 或许到现在为止她已经回来了。
I’ll have arrived by five ’clck this afternn. 我最迟在今天下午5点前到这里。
【注】by后接表示过去的时间状语时，多与过去完成时连用；后接nw时，多与现在完成时连用；后接表示将来的时间状语时，多与将来完成时或一般将来时连用（尤其谓语是be动词时）。
（2）按…计算；按…买(卖)（后接单数可数名词，名词其前要用定冠词 the；若后接抽象名词，则通常不用冠词）。如：
They are paid by the hur (by the mnth). 他们所得报酬按小时(月)计。
As we all knw, the luggage is charged by weight.众所周知，行李是按重量收费的。
The parking here is charged by time.这里停车按时间收费。
（3）乘/坐…（by+交通工具、交通方式名词。名词前不加冠词，不变复数）。
by bus 乘公共汽车；by bike 骑自行车；by train 乘火车；by plane 乘飞机；by taxi 乘出租车；by ship 坐轮船；by air 乘飞机；by water 走水路；by land 走陆路
但是，若表示交通工具的名词前插有定语修饰语，则也可以用冠词。如：
We’re ging by the 9:30 train. 我们坐9:30的火车去。
We went t Shanghai by a large ship.我们乘一艘大船去上海。
（4）凭；靠（后接动名词表示行为的方式或手段）
He makes a living by teaching.他以教书为生。
Lck this dr by turning the key twice t the left.锁这扇门要把钥匙向左转两圈。
（5）表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分（by+身体部位名词或衣服名词）
Suddenly she caught him by the ear. 突然间她抓住了他的耳朵。
The pliceman tk the thief by the hand. 警察抓住了小偷的手。
（6）表升降、增减的程度（by+数量词）
The number f the students has increased by ne-third.学生数量增加了三分之一。
She’s taller than her yunger brther by tw inches.她比她小弟高两英寸。
（7）在…旁边
Cme and sit by me.过来坐在我的旁边。
（8）从看；依；按照
By the way, what time is it by yur watch?顺便问一下，你的表几点了?
要点精讲3：fr
（1）因为；由于
Thank yu fr cming t see me. 谢谢你来看我。
He is famus fr his pems. 他因为他的诗出名。
Fr several reasns, I’d rather nt meet her. 由于种种原因，我宁愿不见她。
（2）（表示目的地或方向）向；前往
They’ll leave fr Beijing tmrrw. 明天他们动身去北京。
Is this the train fr Shanghai? 这是开往上海的火车吗？
（3）支持；赞成（反义词：against）
Are yu fr r against the plan？你是支持还是反对这个计划？
I’m all fr the yung enjying themselves. 我完全赞成年轻人多玩玩。
（4）就…而言；相对…来说（表示相对来说不寻常）
He’s dne well fr a beginner. 作为新手，他干得很好。
He is heavy fr a small by. 作为一个小男孩而言，他的身体算重的了。
The day is cl fr July. 在7月里这样的日子算是凉快的了。
（5）对于；至于；关于
Fr her, bks were as necessary t life as bread.对她来说，书就像面包一样，是生活必需品。
It wuld be excellent experience fr him t travel a little.对他来说，偶尔出去旅游会是很不错的经历。
（6）(表示时间、距离、数量)持续，达
Fr a few minutes she sat n her bed watching the clck..她坐在床上盯着时钟看了几分钟。
We drve n fr a few miles.我们继续往前开了几公里。
（7）（表示目的或功能）为了；用于
They went ut fr a walk. 他们出去散步了。
What did yu d that fr? 你干吗这样做？
This knife is fr cutting bread. 这把小刀是用于切面包的。
（8）（表示对象）为了，给，对于
Here is a letter fr yu. 这是你的信。
Isn't that enugh fr yu?.那对你来说不够吗？
（9） (与不定式连用引出逻辑上的主语)
Is there any need fr me t g? 我有没有必要去？
It is a great pity fr him t leave here s sn. 他这么快就离开这里真是遗憾。
It is dangerus fr a small child t crss the rad alne. 小孩子自己过马路很危险。
要点精讲4：frm
（1） (表示时间)从…起，始于
She is singing frm mrning t night. 她从早唱到晚。
（2）(表示范围或状态)从…(到…)
He ran all the way hme frm schl. 他从学校一路跑回家。
Unemplyment has fallen frm 7.5% t 7.2%.失业率从 7.5％降到7.2％。
（3） (表示距离)离(某处)…
Our schl is tw miles frm the statin. 我们学校离车站两英里。
（4）（表示来源）来自；出自
He cmes frm Shanghai. 他来自上海。
（5） (用于 prtect, free, keep, prevent 等动词后)免于，阻止，防止
The pill will relieve yu frm pain. 这药丸将使你免受痛苦。
（6）(表示区别、比较)
He is ld enugh t knw right frm wrng. 他已长大,能够辨别是非了。
I can’t tell ne twin frm the ther. 我分不出双胞胎中谁是谁。
（7）(表示原料) 由…(制成)
Flur is made frm wheat. 面粉由小麦制成。
（8）（表示原因）因为,由于
He wasn't ill; he stayed in bed frm laziness. 他没病,躺在床上是因懒惰之故。
He is trembling frm fear. 他吓得发抖
（9）(表判断、观点)由(…来看)，根据(…来判断)
Frm her lks yu wuld say she was abut twenty. 从她的模样看，你会说她约摸20岁。
The expressin n his face changed frm sympathy t surprise.他脸上的表情从同情变为惊讶。
要点精讲5：thrugh
（1）从…中通过；贯穿，穿过（强调从物体内部透过）
The jurney thrugh the jungle was perilus.穿过丛林的旅行充满了危险。
The River Thames flws thrugh Lndn. 泰晤士河流经伦敦。
The sunshine cmes in thrugh the windw. 阳光透过窗户照进来。
（2）通过，凭借（方法手段）
Thse wh seek t grab pwer thrugh vilence deserve punishment.企图通过暴力夺权的人理应受到惩罚。
Yu simply can't get a ticket thrugh fficial channels. 通过官方渠道是压根儿搞不到票的。
Yu can nly achieve success thrugh hard wrk.你得孜孜不倦方能成功。
I learnt f the psitin thrugh a newspaper advertisement.我是从报纸广告上得悉有此职位的。
（3）由于，因为
He became ill thrugh verwrk.他因工作过于劳累而病倒了。
It was thrugh him that I missed my train.就是因为他，我才误了火车。
They are understd t have retired thrugh age r ill health.据知他们是因年龄或健康问题而退休。
The thught f smene suffering thrugh a mistake f mine makes me shiver. 想到有人因为我犯的错误而吃苦头，我就不寒而栗。
（4）自始至终；从头到尾/底
We'll be in New Yrk Mnday thrugh Friday.我们从周一至周五将一直待在纽约。
They will cntinue cnstructin thrugh the winter mnths.他们整个冬季将继续施工。
We wrked thrugh the night. 我们通宵的工作。
（5）经受；经历
The cuntry has gne thrugh t many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。
She's been thrugh a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。
要点精讲6：under
（1）[表示位置]在…下面；在…下方；在…底下
She sat very still under the tree.她在树底下静静地坐着。
All this happened under his eyes.这一切都发生在他的眼皮底下。
（2）[表示年龄或数量]低于；在…以下
Many children under five g t nursery schl.5岁以下的许多儿童都上幼儿园。
The watch cannt be sld fr under 100 yuan.这块表低于100元不卖。
The ttal is under what was expected.总数低于预计数。
（3）[表示从属关系、影响所及] 在（…领导）下；在（…影响）下；在（…统治）之下
He's very much under the influence f the lder bys.那些比他大的男孩对他影响很大。
The army is under the cmmand f General Smith.这支部队由史密斯将军指挥。
He kept the situatin under cntrl.他把情势控制下来。
（4）[尤指一层衣服]在的里面（或底下)
I was wearing tw sweaters under the green army jacket.我在绿军装里套了两件毛线衫。
He had n shirt n under his thin jumper.他在薄套头衫里面没有穿衬衣。
He wre a vest under his jacket. 他在夹克里穿了件背心。
（5）在（…状况或条件）下
His best friend was killed by plice under extremely questinable circumstances.他最好的朋友在极其可疑的情况下被警察打死了。
Under nrmal cnditins, nly abut 20 t 40 per cent f vitamin E is absrbed.正常情况下，仅有20%到40%的维生素E会被吸收。
The car is under repair.这辆汽车在修理中。
（6）用（…之名）；以（…的名义）；假借（…之名）
He never wrte under his real name.他从来不用真名实姓写作。
The patient was registered under a false name.那位患者挂号时用了假名。
要点精讲7：under
（1）在…上
He set the tray upn the table.他把盘子放在桌子上。
He bent frward and laid a kiss sftly upn her frehead.他弯身向前，在她额头上轻轻一吻。
She sat upn the sfa.她坐在沙发上。
（2）一…即…；一…就…
Upn seeing her, I smiled and ran tward her.一看到她，我就笑了并跑了过去。
Upn his arrival at Qinhuangda, he gave me a ring.他已到达秦皇岛就给我打了电话。
（3）将要发生；马上来临
The lng-threatened strm was upn us.酝酿多时的暴风雨就要向我们袭来。
The wedding seasn is upn us.结婚旺季就要来了。
【短语】
nce upn a time很久以前
lk dwn upn瞧不起
upn my wrd 的确；我发誓
要点精讲8：with
（1）与…（在）一起
Cme with me. 跟我一起来吧。
I went n hliday with my friend. 我跟我朋友一起去度假。
D yu want t walk hme with me? 你愿意和我一道走回家吗
（2）[表带有或拥有]有；带有；具有；随身带着
He is a man with a ht temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。
We bught a huse with a garden. 我们买了一座带花园的房子。
China is a very large cuntry with a lng histry. 中国是一个具有历史悠久的大国。
I have n mney with me. 我没有带钱
（3）[表方式、手段或工具]以；用
He caught the ball with his left hand. 他用左手接球。
She wrte the letter with a pencil. 她用铅笔写那封信。
注：
①用英语说：speak in English
②用钢笔写：write in ink
③用现金/美元支付：pay in cash/dllar
（4）[表材料或内容]以；用
Fill the glass with wine. 把杯子装满酒。
The rad is paved with stnes. 这条路用石头铺砌。
（5）[表状态]在…的情况下；…地
He can read French with ease. 他能轻易地读法文。
I finished my hmewrk thugh with difficulty. 虽然有困难，我还是做完了功课。
注：用于此意时，with多与某些抽象名词连用时，其作用相当于一个副词。如：
with care=carefully 认真地
with kindness=kindly 亲切地
with jy=jyfully 高兴地
with anger=angrily 生气地
with srrw=srrwfully 悲伤地
with delight=delightedly 高兴地
with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地
（6）[表让步]尽管，虽然
With all his mney, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。
With all his effrts, he lst the match. 虽然尽了全力，他还是输了那场比赛。
（7）[表条件]若是；如果
With yur permissin, I’ll g. 你若同意，我就去。
注：表示条件时，根据情况可与虚拟语气连用。如：
With mre mney I wuld be able t buy it. 要是钱多一点，我就买得起了。
With better equipment, we culd have finished the jb even sner. 要是设备好些，我们完成这项工作还要快些。
（8）[表原因或理由]因为；由于(某种感情而使某人有某种表现或行为)
Gil was white and trembling with anger.吉尔气得脸色煞白，浑身发抖。
She trembled with cld.他冻得发抖。
Hearing the news, he jumped with jy.听到这个消息，他高兴得跳起来。
He was shaking with anger. 他气得浑身发抖。
Her face became red with embarrassment.她因为难为情而脸红。
Her face burned with shame.她的脸因为羞愧而发烫。
（9）[表时间]当…的时候；在…之后；随后
With that remark, he left. 他说了那话就离开了。
With daylight I hurried there t see what had happened. 天一亮我就去那儿看发生了什么事。
（10）[表同时或随同]随着；跟着（…的变化而变化）
The risk f develping heart disease increases with the number f cigarettes smked.吸食香烟的数量越多，患心脏病的风险就越大。
Bld pressure decreases with exercise.血压随着锻炼而降低。
The girl seemed t be grwing prettier with each day. 那女孩好像长得一天比一天漂亮。
比较：with和as均可表示“随着”，但前者是介词，后者是连词。如：
He will imprve as he grws lder. 随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。
Peple’s ideas change with the change f the times. 时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。
（11）[表伴随或附带情况]与…同时
Michelle had fallen asleep with her head against his shulder.米歇尔睡着了，头靠在他的肩上。
I slept with the windw pen. 我开着窗户睡觉。
Dn’t speak with yur muth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。
（12）赞成；同意
I am with yu there. 在那点上我同你意见一致。
（13）[表对象或关系]对…（怀有某种感情）；关于；就…而言；对…来说
He is pleased with his new huse. 他对他的新房子很满意。
The teacher was very angry with him. 老师对他很生气。
It’s the same with us students. 我们学生也是这样。
（14）[表对立或敌对]对立；反对
The dg was fighting with the cat. 狗在同猫打架。
He’s always arguing with his brther. 他老是跟他弟弟争论。
（15）与（风、水流等）方向一致；顺着…（反义词：against）
sail with the wind顺风驶船
swim with the tide顺着潮流游泳
（16）伴着（声音或手势）；带着（表情）
With a sigh, she leant back and clsed her eyes.她叹了口气，身体向后倚靠，闭上了眼睛。
The frnt dr clsed with a crash behind him.前门在他身后砰的一声关上了。
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）
1.（2023新高考I卷）There yu will find them prepared differently- mre dumpling and less sup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rlled.
2.（2023新高考II卷）And wh d they speak English 38 ?
2.（2023全国甲卷）She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility 68 saving their envirnment.
4.（2023全国乙卷）Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng 61 ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully built system f ring rads.
5.（2023北京卷）Nina has run marathns in 32 cuntries. All f her runs have a guiding purpse: t call attentin ____17____ glbal water issues.
6.（2023浙江1月卷）Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric events.
7.（2022新高考I卷）Giant pandas als serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.
9.（2022全国甲卷）Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute. He flew 4, 700 kilmeters ___________ Xi’an t Kashgar n seat 20, planning t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
0.（2022全国乙卷）May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day, which was named fficially ___________ the United Natins n Nvember 27th, 2019.
10.（2022北京卷）Helen was walking dwn the street late ________ the evening, her arms filled with grcery bags.
11.（2021新高考I卷）A cmpany representative wrte back and tld me the airline was switching ver ___________ plastic t paper cups n all f its 1,200 daily flights.
12.（2021年全国甲卷）It was built riginally t prtect the city __________ the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred (修复).
13.（2021年全国乙卷）Due t the grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types ___________ trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
14.（2021年全国乙卷）Ecturism has its rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s. It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept _________ the late 1980s.
15.（2020年北京高考）Over time, the bags fall apart ___________ cuntless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat sme f them.
16.（2020全国II卷）Museums must cmpete __________ peple’s spare time and mney with ther amusements.
17.（2020全国III卷）The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ___________ earth, Mther Nature.
18.（2020浙江卷）This aging f the ppulatin is driven ___________ tw factrs.
19. (2019全国I卷) Mdern methds __________ tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s, and are expensive t perfrm cnsistently ver a large area.
20. (2019全国III卷) We were first greeted with the barking by a pack __________ dgs, seven t be exact. They were well trained by their masters wh had great experience with caring fr these animals.
21. (2019浙江6月卷) But can unifrms help imprve schl standards? The answer __________ this questin is nt clear.
22. (2019北京卷) Earth Day, marked n 22 April, is an annual event aiming t raise public awareness abut envirnmental prtectin. First celebrated __________1970, the Day nw includes events in mre than 190 cuntries and regins(地区).
23. (2018全国III卷)My name is Mireya Mayr. I’m a scientist wh studies animals such as apes and mnkeys. I was searching __________ these three western lwland grillas I’d been bserving.
24．(2018江苏卷)If yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem, then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum's hme ________ dinner, get a few cking tips frm her.
25．(2018天津卷)The peple in the hall seemed very nsy (爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me ________ curisity.
26．(2018全国Ⅲ卷)Wang Shu, a 49yearld Chinese architect, wn the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize—which is ften referred ________ as the Nbel Prize in architecture—n February 28.
27．(2018江苏卷)There are slutins that culd light a path ________ a mre sustainable and fair farm ecnmy, but farmers can't clumsily put them tgether befre us.
28．(2018北京卷)—Gd mrning, Mr Lee's ffice.
—Gd mrning. I'd like t make an appintment ________ next Wednesday afternn.
29．(2018江苏卷)Develping the Yangtze River Ecnmic Belt is a systematic prject which calls ________ a clear rad map and timetable.
30. (2017全国II卷) It ran fr just under seven kilmeters and allwed peple t avid terrible 61 (crwd) n the rads abve as they travelled t and wrk.
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）
1.（2022广东一模）Fr Lucy, nthing beats traveling, which she described __________ her favrite part f being alive.
2.（2022新疆一模） Studies have shwn that studentswh use handwriting t take ntes in class remember infrmatin better—imprving their scres________as much as 15 percent.
3.（2022云南一模） It has lng been a dream fr the La peple t see their cuntry change frm a land-lcked cuntry ______ a “land-linked ne”, and the pening f the new railway is a big step tward turning their dream int reality.
4.（2022河南模拟）Water mist was sprayed ______ the air ,which was then crystallized (结晶) the snw with the freezing air temperature.
5.（2022重庆一模）It began n January 19 and finished ___ __ the early mrning f January 20.
6.（2023浙江模拟）Scientists say that anther 26.5 trillin punds will be prduced wrldwide __ ___ 2050.
7.（2023成都三诊）After taking my pulse, lking at my tngue, and asking a few questins ___ ___my diet and lifestyle, the acupuncturist crrectly reasned that I was wrn-ut.
8.（2022珠海二模）Analysis f elements in the relics indicates surces similar _______ thse f ther cultures alng the Yangtze River.
9.（2023肇庆三模）Changes t water resurces can have a big impact ____2____ peple's lives.
10.（2023漳州模拟）The asterid (小行星) 10930 Jinyng (1998 CR2) is named ___ ___ him.
11.（2023玉林一模）D freigners nt understand British humr r are the British just nt s funny ____ ____ they think they are?
12.（2023南阳一模） “Accusing the British ________ having n sense f humr is like telling Rlls-Ryce that its cars are dwn-market.”
13.【2023辽宁一模】It's nt actually just fr grandparents, but it's als t give grandparents an pprtunity t shw lve ______ their children's children.
14.【2023江苏大联考】We use bicycles tday fr recreatin, fitness and s n. ______ the bicycle, much f the wrld might stp wrking!
15.【2023葫芦岛模拟】The ride lasts several minutes. It travels frm the security area t the barding gate______ a speed f 3. 5 kilmeters per hur.
16.【2023江苏省五调】In 1995, Dr. Madan Kataria called n a grup f students in a park t test whether adding regular laughter t peple’s lives wuld imprve their well-being, Kataria als intrduced deep breathing and simple yga mves______ the exercises.
17.【2023长沙四调】I was remarkable hw a cmmunity lst s much and was still able t recver, and this left the deepest impressin______ the students.
18.【2023武汉调研】The first suggested that chlera multiplied in the air. The secnd suggested that peple absrbed this disease ______ their bdies with their meals.
19.【2023福州调研】Elephants are nt fans f strangers. Hwever ,Chen and his clleagues can take nly three days ______ every mnth.
20.【2023辽宁联考】While it’s wnderful fr peple wh want t see what these museums ffer and teach them, it’s nt always the best fr the museums facing increasing hardships in terms ______ funding.
分类训练（三）语法填空（外刊原创）
China renews mst severe alert fr Typhn Dksuri
Xinhua | Updated: 2023-07-28 11:14
China's natinal bservatry(气象台) n Friday renewed a red alert fr Typhn Dksuri, the mst severe warning in its fur-tier warning system, as the fifth typhn f this year is likely 1 (bring) heavy rain t the eastern and suthern parts f the cuntry.
The typhn 2 (land) in castal areas f Jinjiang city in Fujian prvince at 9:55 am Friday, 3 brught strms f up t 50 meters per secnd near its center. Dksuri is expected t mve nrthwestward, gradually weakening in intensity.
The meterlgical center has issued a guideline suspending bth indr and utdr 4 (gathering), as well as 5 (danger) utdr peratins, and recmmended the timely transfer f peple living in vulnerable husing. It has als called fr emergency typhn preparatins and precautins 6 pssible gelgical disasters.
China has 7 fur-tier, clr-cded weather warning system fr typhns, with red 8 (represent) the mst severe warning, 9 (fllw) by range, yellw and blue. All expressways in Xiamen, Zhangzhu and Quanzhu in Fujian Prvince have been 10 (temprary)clsed.介词
用法
例句
fr
常与表示闻名、奖罚等意义的形容词或动词连用,如famus, knwn, praise, punish等
Xi'an is famus fr its lng histry.西安因历史悠久而著名。
at
常与表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词(如happy, pleased, angry, delighted等)连用,表示产生这种情感的原因
He was surprised at the news.听到这个消息他很惊讶。
with
常与表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的抽象名词连用,强调随着心理变化而产生的情感变化
He shuted ludly with anger. 他气得大喊大叫。
frm
常接抽象名词,表示自然或间接原因
She felt sick frm tiredness.她累得浑身不对劲。
f
多用于表示自身的原因;也常用于某些与情感相关的形容词后
Her friend died f cancer.她的朋友死于癌症。
His father is prud f him.他父亲为他感到骄傲。
介词
词义
例句
against
反对，倚靠，逆着，相反，在……的衬托下，与……比赛
She was frced t marry against her will. 她被迫违心地嫁了人。
That's against the law. 那是违法的。
The skier's red clthes std ut clearly against the snw. 滑雪者的红衣服在雪的衬托下显得分外醒目。
fr
支持，赞成，与in favr f同义
Are yu fr r against the new rad scheme?
你对修建新道路的计划是赞成还是反对？
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏。一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识。学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩。得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节。一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。英语的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
【口袋书】专题20 介词八类20个考点（清单）原卷版
目录
英语介词分类思维导图 P1
考点清单一、表示时间的介词的用法 P2
考点清单二、表示方位的介词的用法 P3
考点清单三、表示工具、手段、方式的介词的用法 P4
考点清单四、表示"原因或理由"的介词的用法 P5
考点清单五、表示“除了……”的介词的用法 P5
考点清单六、两组高频易混介词比较 P6
考点清单七、高频介词用法思维导图 P6
考点清单八、八个高频介词用法归纳 P8
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题） P13
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题） P15
分类训练（三）语法填空（外刊原创） P16
中国沿海地区全力预防台风“杜苏芮” P16
英语介词分类思维导图
考点清单一、表示时间的介词的用法
要点精讲1：表示时间的介词at, n, in
①at表示在某一时刻或时间点。如：at 8 a.m.。常用词组有：
at dawn, at dusk, at nn, at night, at midnight, at the end f, at that time, at the mment, at Christmas, at New Year等。
②n指具体的或特定的日子。如：
n Mnday, n Christmas Eve, n May Day, n a warm mrning, n September 12th, n that day等。
③in表示在某段时间内，如:年、月、日、周、季节、上午、下午等。如：
in the mrning/afternn/evening, in Octber, in 2008, in the 21st century, in summer, in the past, in the future, in five days等。
【即时训练】单句填空
1.（2022重庆）It began n January 19 and finished ___________ the early mrning f January 20.
2. The train leaves ____ 6:00pm, s I have t be at the statin _______ 5:30 pm.
3. My grandfather still plays tennis nw and then even thugh he’s _______ his nineties.
4.______ Nvember 2017, Marshall saw a persn lying in the street after being hit by a car.
要点精讲2：表示时间的fr, since与frm
①fr后接时间段的名词词组，表示行为状态持续了多久。如：
Mr. Brwn lived in that little village fr nearly thirty years. 布朗先生在那个小山村住了差不多30年。
②since后接过去某一时间点，表示“自从……以来”，常与现在完成时、现在完成进行时连用。如：
We haven’t seen each ther since 2005. 自从2005年以来，我们彼此没见过面。
③frm“自……起”，可与多种时态连用。如：
【即时训练】单句填空
5.—Excuse me, which mvie are yu waiting fr？
—The new Star Wars. We have been waiting here ______mre than tw hurs.
6._______ mid-March t mid-April every year, it is the best time t enjy the beautiful cherry blssms.
7. Chinese tea culture has witnessed a lng histry _________ the Tang Dynasty.
要点精讲3：表示时间的in与after
①in+时间段，一般用于将来时。如：We will be back in three days. 我们将在3天后回来。
②after+时间段，一般用于过去时。如：After tw mnths, he returned. 两个月后，他回来了。
注意：after+时间点，可用于过去时和将来时。如：
After seven, the rain began t fall. 七点后开始下雨。
We will leave after lunch. 我们将在午饭后动身。
【即时训练】单句填空
8. My father will be back ________ three days.
9.My father will be back ________ three 'clck.
10.My father came back ________ three days/three days later.
要点精讲4：表示时间的befre, by, till/until, beynd
①befre 的用法：befre “早于；在……之前”。如：
The new rad will be cmpleted befre the end f the year.这条新道路将在年底以前建成。
②by 的用法：表示“不迟于……，在(某时)前”；表示“在……期间，在……时间内”。如：
All f yu are t arrive at schl by seven 'clck.你们所有人必须在7点钟前到校。
He wrked by night and slept by day.他晚上工作，白天睡觉。
③until 和 till 的用法：
until 是比较正式的用法。在肯定句中和延续性动词连用，表示动作一直持续到 until 后面的时间为止；在否定句中和非延续性动词连用，表示该动作直到 until 后面的时间才开始。till 意义与 until 相同。如：
He wrks frm mrning till night, day after day.他日复一日从早工作到晚。
④表示“（时间）过了，比……晚，迟于” 。如：
It wn't g n beynd midnight. 这事不会延续到午夜以后。
【即时训练】单句填空
11.（2021年全国乙卷）Ecturism has its rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s. It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept _________ the late 1980s.
12. __________ this time next year yu will have been in cllege fr a year.
13. Srry, Madam. Yu’d better cme tmrrw because it’s ________ the visiting hurs.
考点清单二、表示方位的介词的用法
要点精讲1：表示方位的介词in, n, t, ff
四个词都可表示两地之间的方位关系。in 表示在某范围之内；t 表示在某范围之外；n 表示“毗邻”“接壤”；ff 则强调两地间隔着一小段距离。如：
Beijing is in the nrth f China. 北京位于华北。
Nrth Krea lies n the east f China. 朝鲜与中国的东部接壤。
Japan lies t the east f China. 日本在中国的东方。
The bat was anchred ff the nrthern cast f the peninsula. 那只船停泊在了离半岛北海岸不远处。
【即时训练】单句填空
14.Shandng Prvince is/lies ________ the east f China.
15.Shandng Prvince is/lies ________ the nrtheast f Hubei Prvince.
16.Mnglia is/lies ________ the nrth f China.
17.Lily lives in a flat just ________ Park Avenue.
要点精讲2：表示“穿过……”的thrugh, acrss与ver
thrugh指从内部穿过；acrss则指表面上的横穿；ver指从上方过去、跨越。如：
The elephant can’t g thrugh the gate. 大象不能从门里穿过。
I help the blind man acrss the rad. 我帮助那位盲人过马路。
He climbed ver the wall. 他从墙上爬了过去。
【即时训练】单句填空
18. Xing, a visually disabled yung wman wh started learning the pian at the age f 6, said her idl was Beethven, wh went cmpletely deaf later and their physical challenges led bth f them t establish a cnnectin with the utside wrld ______music.
19. The new railway winds its way t Jieyang, ver muntains, __________tunnels and _______ rivers.
要点精讲3：表示“在……之间”的between 和amng
①between一般表示两者之间；有时虽然是三个以上的人或事物，但如果强调两两相互间的关系，仍用between。如：
Yu are t sit between yur father and me. 你就坐在我和你父亲之间吧。
②amng多表示“在……之间(指三者或三者以上,或笼统的一群人或一些物之间)”。
I fund the letter amng his papers. 我在他的文件中找到了这封信。
The girl quickly disappeared amng the crwd. 那个女孩很快就消失在人群之中。
Agreements were made between the different cuntries. 不同国家之间达成了协议。
【即时训练】单句填空
20. (2017天津)When yu drive thrugh the Redwd Frests in Califrnia, yu will be _______ trees that are ver 1,000 years ld.
21.（2021年浙江）The study fund that _______1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in wmen and men.
22. (四川2007)Sme students ften listen t music ________ classes t refresh themselves.
要点精讲4：表示上下的介词abve, belw, ver, under, n, beneath
abve 在某物的斜上方；belw 在某物的斜下方；ver 在某物的正上方；under 在某物的正下方；n 在某物的上面(两者接触)；beneath 在某物的下面(两者接触)
We were flying abve the cluds. 我们在云层上面飞行。
Please d nt write belw this line. 请不要写到这条线下面。
She put a blanket ver the sleeping child. 她给熟睡的孩子盖上毯子。
The dg squeezed under the gate and ran int the rad.
They fund the bdy buried beneath a pile f leaves. 他们发现尸体被埋在一堆树叶下面。
【即时训练】单句填空
23. Wrd came that the Beijing- Zhangjiaku high-speed railway, lcated in Nrth China, is nw ________ cnstructin, and is expected t be cmpleted by 2020 in preparatin fr the cities t hst the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
24.A great persn is always putting thers’ interests ________ his wn.
25. And in her twenties, it’s the 19th. They usually have their “real” birthday when they are ______20.
考点清单三、表示工具、手段、方式的介词的用法
要点精讲：
①by涉及交通工具的单数名词且该名词前不加冠词和任何修饰语。by还可以表示"靠……手段,用……方法,凭借……",后可接名词、代词或动词-ing。
by sea, by water, by land, by air, by bike, by taxi, by plane, by ship/bat, by train, by spaceship
We can realize ur dream by wrking hard. 通过努力我们可以实现梦想。
Yu can make the cake by mixing eggs and flur. 把鸡蛋与面粉混合，你就可以做出那种蛋糕。
②with表示"用,使用(某种工具、物品或材料等)"。所接名词前应加冠词或形容词性物主代词。
He sharpened his pencil with a knife.他用小刀削铅笔。
We see with ur eyes, hear with ur ears, and walk with ur legs. 我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听，用腿走路。
③in表示用材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等。如：
The bk was written in Chinese.这本书是用中文写的。
He spke in a lud vice. 他大声说话。
Please write in ink，nt in pencil. 请用墨水写，不要用铅笔写。
④n表示"通过,使用,借助于”媒体工具。如
She learns English n the radi/n TV.她通过收音机/电视学英语。
【即时训练】单句填空
26. I usually g t schl ______ my dad’s car, while my brther ges t schl _____ ft.
27. (2016全国Ⅲ)In India, fr example, mst peple traditinally eat ________their hands.
28. A cuplet writer may shw his feelings ________ means f describing the scenery r expressing his wishes in his wrks.
考点清单四、表示"原因或理由"的介词的用法
要点精讲：
【即时训练】单句填空
29. Yu dn’t need t aplgize __________ a minr slip.
30. Giggling kids raced cheerfully alng the lakeside beach, ___________ their parents enjying the shady picnic areas under the trees alng the shre.
考点清单五、表示“除了……”的介词的用法
要点精讲：①besides指“除了……还有”，与in additin t/apart frm/aside frm同义。作连接副词时，意为“此外”。如：
Tw freign teachers were present at the meeting besides Smith. 除了史密斯之外，还有两名外籍教师出席了会议。
②but作介词时，意为“除了(……之外)”，常用在n, all, nbdy, anywhere, everything, n等词和其他疑问词后面。如：
Wh but a fl wuld d such a thing? 除了傻瓜谁会做这样的事？
③except与except fr都意为“除……外”，两者一般都不能位于句首。但except后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类，指在同类的整体中除去一个部分。except fr后接的词同整体词（主语）不是同类的，指从整体中除去一个细节。如：
The ffice is pen every day except Sundays. 除了星期日这家公司每天都营业。
His diary is gd except fr a few spelling mistakes. 除了一些拼写错误，他的日记写得还不错。
【即时训练】单句填空
31. ________thse measures in schls, 47 ftball training camps have als been built in an effrt t prmte the sprt amng yung peple.
32. He ges t the library every day ________when he is nt well.
考点清单六、两组高频易混介词比较
要点精讲1：表示支持、反对的介词fr, against
【即时训练】单句填空
33. Mary sld the huse even thugh it was________ her husband's wish.
34. Our Natinal Flag stands ut brightly ________ the blue sky.
35. (2020山东)Museums must cmpete _______peple’s spare time and mney with ther amusements.
要点精讲2：表示“像……”的介词as, like
as用作介词，指身份、资格，意为“作为”。如：
Let me speak t yu as a father. (事实上是父亲)
Treat me as a friend. 把我当作朋友。
like用作介词，意为“像……一样”。如：
Let me speak t yu like a father. (事实上不是父亲)
He lks like his father. 他长得像他父亲。
【即时训练】单句填空
36. Yu are nt wearing yur seat belt, s yu can slide in and ut f yur seat easily. That sunds ________ a lt f fun.
37. We start with small talk， a plite cnversatin abut smething ______ traffic r weather.
38. Fr Lucy, nthing beats traveling, which she described ________ her favrite part f being alive.
考点清单七、高频介词用法思维导图
考点清单八、八个高频介词用法归纳
要点精讲1：against
（1）反对（反义词fr）
Are yu fr r against the plan? 你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?
There were 20 vtes fr him and 12 against him. 有20票赞成他，12票反对他。
（2）违背，违抗，违反
What yu have dne is against the law. 所做的事情是违法的。
Jane married Jack against her wn will. 简与杰克结婚，违背了自己的意愿。
（3）紧靠；倚
Place the ladder against the wall. 把梯子靠在墙上。
The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。
He std leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上。
（4）迎着；逆着
Yu shuld fly yur kite against the wind. 你应该迎着风放风筝。
We are sailing against the wind.(with the wind表示“顺风”) 我们的船正在逆风行驶。
（5）撞击，碰着
The rain was beating against the windws. 雨点拍打着窗户。
Tm hit his head against a tree in the dark.黑暗中汤姆的头撞在一棵树上。
（6）映衬；相映；对照
The red flag lks very bright against the blue sky. 红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得十分鲜艳。
The little red huse lks s beautiful against the green wds. 那座红色的小屋在翠绿的森林衬托下显得很美。
（7）不利于
an evidence against him 一个对他不利的证据
要点精讲2：by
（1）到…为止；不迟于
They had finished the wrk by the end f last week. 到上周末他们已完成了工作。
Maybe she has cme back by nw. 或许到现在为止她已经回来了。
I’ll have arrived by five ’clck this afternn. 我最迟在今天下午5点前到这里。
【注】by后接表示过去的时间状语时，多与过去完成时连用；后接nw时，多与现在完成时连用；后接表示将来的时间状语时，多与将来完成时或一般将来时连用（尤其谓语是be动词时）。
（2）按…计算；按…买(卖)（后接单数可数名词，名词其前要用定冠词 the；若后接抽象名词，则通常不用冠词）。如：
They are paid by the hur (by the mnth). 他们所得报酬按小时(月)计。
As we all knw, the luggage is charged by weight.众所周知，行李是按重量收费的。
The parking here is charged by time.这里停车按时间收费。
（3）乘/坐…（by+交通工具、交通方式名词。名词前不加冠词，不变复数）。
by bus 乘公共汽车；by bike 骑自行车；by train 乘火车；by plane 乘飞机；by taxi 乘出租车；by ship 坐轮船；by air 乘飞机；by water 走水路；by land 走陆路
但是，若表示交通工具的名词前插有定语修饰语，则也可以用冠词。如：
We’re ging by the 9:30 train. 我们坐9:30的火车去。
We went t Shanghai by a large ship.我们乘一艘大船去上海。
（4）凭；靠（后接动名词表示行为的方式或手段）
He makes a living by teaching.他以教书为生。
Lck this dr by turning the key twice t the left.锁这扇门要把钥匙向左转两圈。
（5）表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分（by+身体部位名词或衣服名词）
Suddenly she caught him by the ear. 突然间她抓住了他的耳朵。
The pliceman tk the thief by the hand. 警察抓住了小偷的手。
（6）表升降、增减的程度（by+数量词）
The number f the students has increased by ne-third.学生数量增加了三分之一。
She’s taller than her yunger brther by tw inches.她比她小弟高两英寸。
（7）在…旁边
Cme and sit by me.过来坐在我的旁边。
（8）从看；依；按照
By the way, what time is it by yur watch?顺便问一下，你的表几点了?
要点精讲3：fr
（1）因为；由于
Thank yu fr cming t see me. 谢谢你来看我。
He is famus fr his pems. 他因为他的诗出名。
Fr several reasns, I’d rather nt meet her. 由于种种原因，我宁愿不见她。
（2）（表示目的地或方向）向；前往
They’ll leave fr Beijing tmrrw. 明天他们动身去北京。
Is this the train fr Shanghai? 这是开往上海的火车吗？
（3）支持；赞成（反义词：against）
Are yu fr r against the plan？你是支持还是反对这个计划？
I’m all fr the yung enjying themselves. 我完全赞成年轻人多玩玩。
（4）就…而言；相对…来说（表示相对来说不寻常）
He’s dne well fr a beginner. 作为新手，他干得很好。
He is heavy fr a small by. 作为一个小男孩而言，他的身体算重的了。
The day is cl fr July. 在7月里这样的日子算是凉快的了。
（5）对于；至于；关于
Fr her, bks were as necessary t life as bread.对她来说，书就像面包一样，是生活必需品。
It wuld be excellent experience fr him t travel a little.对他来说，偶尔出去旅游会是很不错的经历。
（6）(表示时间、距离、数量)持续，达
Fr a few minutes she sat n her bed watching the clck..她坐在床上盯着时钟看了几分钟。
We drve n fr a few miles.我们继续往前开了几公里。
（7）（表示目的或功能）为了；用于
They went ut fr a walk. 他们出去散步了。
What did yu d that fr? 你干吗这样做？
This knife is fr cutting bread. 这把小刀是用于切面包的。
（8）（表示对象）为了，给，对于
Here is a letter fr yu. 这是你的信。
Isn't that enugh fr yu?.那对你来说不够吗？
（9） (与不定式连用引出逻辑上的主语)
Is there any need fr me t g? 我有没有必要去？
It is a great pity fr him t leave here s sn. 他这么快就离开这里真是遗憾。
It is dangerus fr a small child t crss the rad alne. 小孩子自己过马路很危险。
要点精讲4：frm
（1） (表示时间)从…起，始于
She is singing frm mrning t night. 她从早唱到晚。
（2）(表示范围或状态)从…(到…)
He ran all the way hme frm schl. 他从学校一路跑回家。
Unemplyment has fallen frm 7.5% t 7.2%.失业率从 7.5％降到7.2％。
（3） (表示距离)离(某处)…
Our schl is tw miles frm the statin. 我们学校离车站两英里。
（4）（表示来源）来自；出自
He cmes frm Shanghai. 他来自上海。
（5） (用于 prtect, free, keep, prevent 等动词后)免于，阻止，防止
The pill will relieve yu frm pain. 这药丸将使你免受痛苦。
（6）(表示区别、比较)
He is ld enugh t knw right frm wrng. 他已长大,能够辨别是非了。
I can’t tell ne twin frm the ther. 我分不出双胞胎中谁是谁。
（7）(表示原料) 由…(制成)
Flur is made frm wheat. 面粉由小麦制成。
（8）（表示原因）因为,由于
He wasn't ill; he stayed in bed frm laziness. 他没病,躺在床上是因懒惰之故。
He is trembling frm fear. 他吓得发抖
（9）(表判断、观点)由(…来看)，根据(…来判断)
Frm her lks yu wuld say she was abut twenty. 从她的模样看，你会说她约摸20岁。
The expressin n his face changed frm sympathy t surprise.他脸上的表情从同情变为惊讶。
要点精讲5：thrugh
（1）从…中通过；贯穿，穿过（强调从物体内部透过）
The jurney thrugh the jungle was perilus.穿过丛林的旅行充满了危险。
The River Thames flws thrugh Lndn. 泰晤士河流经伦敦。
The sunshine cmes in thrugh the windw. 阳光透过窗户照进来。
（2）通过，凭借（方法手段）
Thse wh seek t grab pwer thrugh vilence deserve punishment.企图通过暴力夺权的人理应受到惩罚。
Yu simply can't get a ticket thrugh fficial channels. 通过官方渠道是压根儿搞不到票的。
Yu can nly achieve success thrugh hard wrk.你得孜孜不倦方能成功。
I learnt f the psitin thrugh a newspaper advertisement.我是从报纸广告上得悉有此职位的。
（3）由于，因为
He became ill thrugh verwrk.他因工作过于劳累而病倒了。
It was thrugh him that I missed my train.就是因为他，我才误了火车。
They are understd t have retired thrugh age r ill health.据知他们是因年龄或健康问题而退休。
The thught f smene suffering thrugh a mistake f mine makes me shiver. 想到有人因为我犯的错误而吃苦头，我就不寒而栗。
（4）自始至终；从头到尾/底
We'll be in New Yrk Mnday thrugh Friday.我们从周一至周五将一直待在纽约。
They will cntinue cnstructin thrugh the winter mnths.他们整个冬季将继续施工。
We wrked thrugh the night. 我们通宵的工作。
（5）经受；经历
The cuntry has gne thrugh t many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。
She's been thrugh a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。
要点精讲6：under
（1）[表示位置]在…下面；在…下方；在…底下
She sat very still under the tree.她在树底下静静地坐着。
All this happened under his eyes.这一切都发生在他的眼皮底下。
（2）[表示年龄或数量]低于；在…以下
Many children under five g t nursery schl.5岁以下的许多儿童都上幼儿园。
The watch cannt be sld fr under 100 yuan.这块表低于100元不卖。
The ttal is under what was expected.总数低于预计数。
（3）[表示从属关系、影响所及] 在（…领导）下；在（…影响）下；在（…统治）之下
He's very much under the influence f the lder bys.那些比他大的男孩对他影响很大。
The army is under the cmmand f General Smith.这支部队由史密斯将军指挥。
He kept the situatin under cntrl.他把情势控制下来。
（4）[尤指一层衣服]在的里面（或底下)
I was wearing tw sweaters under the green army jacket.我在绿军装里套了两件毛线衫。
He had n shirt n under his thin jumper.他在薄套头衫里面没有穿衬衣。
He wre a vest under his jacket. 他在夹克里穿了件背心。
（5）在（…状况或条件）下
His best friend was killed by plice under extremely questinable circumstances.他最好的朋友在极其可疑的情况下被警察打死了。
Under nrmal cnditins, nly abut 20 t 40 per cent f vitamin E is absrbed.正常情况下，仅有20%到40%的维生素E会被吸收。
The car is under repair.这辆汽车在修理中。
（6）用（…之名）；以（…的名义）；假借（…之名）
He never wrte under his real name.他从来不用真名实姓写作。
The patient was registered under a false name.那位患者挂号时用了假名。
要点精讲7：under
（1）在…上
He set the tray upn the table.他把盘子放在桌子上。
He bent frward and laid a kiss sftly upn her frehead.他弯身向前，在她额头上轻轻一吻。
She sat upn the sfa.她坐在沙发上。
（2）一…即…；一…就…
Upn seeing her, I smiled and ran tward her.一看到她，我就笑了并跑了过去。
Upn his arrival at Qinhuangda, he gave me a ring.他已到达秦皇岛就给我打了电话。
（3）将要发生；马上来临
The lng-threatened strm was upn us.酝酿多时的暴风雨就要向我们袭来。
The wedding seasn is upn us.结婚旺季就要来了。
【短语】
nce upn a time很久以前
lk dwn upn瞧不起
upn my wrd 的确；我发誓
要点精讲8：with
（1）与…（在）一起
Cme with me. 跟我一起来吧。
I went n hliday with my friend. 我跟我朋友一起去度假。
D yu want t walk hme with me? 你愿意和我一道走回家吗
（2）[表带有或拥有]有；带有；具有；随身带着
He is a man with a ht temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。
We bught a huse with a garden. 我们买了一座带花园的房子。
China is a very large cuntry with a lng histry. 中国是一个具有历史悠久的大国。
I have n mney with me. 我没有带钱
（3）[表方式、手段或工具]以；用
He caught the ball with his left hand. 他用左手接球。
She wrte the letter with a pencil. 她用铅笔写那封信。
注：
①用英语说：speak in English
②用钢笔写：write in ink
③用现金/美元支付：pay in cash/dllar
（4）[表材料或内容]以；用
Fill the glass with wine. 把杯子装满酒。
The rad is paved with stnes. 这条路用石头铺砌。
（5）[表状态]在…的情况下；…地
He can read French with ease. 他能轻易地读法文。
I finished my hmewrk thugh with difficulty. 虽然有困难，我还是做完了功课。
注：用于此意时，with多与某些抽象名词连用时，其作用相当于一个副词。如：
with care=carefully 认真地
with kindness=kindly 亲切地
with jy=jyfully 高兴地
with anger=angrily 生气地
with srrw=srrwfully 悲伤地
with delight=delightedly 高兴地
with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地
（6）[表让步]尽管，虽然
With all his mney, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。
With all his effrts, he lst the match. 虽然尽了全力，他还是输了那场比赛。
（7）[表条件]若是；如果
With yur permissin, I’ll g. 你若同意，我就去。
注：表示条件时，根据情况可与虚拟语气连用。如：
With mre mney I wuld be able t buy it. 要是钱多一点，我就买得起了。
With better equipment, we culd have finished the jb even sner. 要是设备好些，我们完成这项工作还要快些。
（8）[表原因或理由]因为；由于(某种感情而使某人有某种表现或行为)
Gil was white and trembling with anger.吉尔气得脸色煞白，浑身发抖。
She trembled with cld.他冻得发抖。
Hearing the news, he jumped with jy.听到这个消息，他高兴得跳起来。
He was shaking with anger. 他气得浑身发抖。
Her face became red with embarrassment.她因为难为情而脸红。
Her face burned with shame.她的脸因为羞愧而发烫。
（9）[表时间]当…的时候；在…之后；随后
With that remark, he left. 他说了那话就离开了。
With daylight I hurried there t see what had happened. 天一亮我就去那儿看发生了什么事。
（10）[表同时或随同]随着；跟着（…的变化而变化）
The risk f develping heart disease increases with the number f cigarettes smked.吸食香烟的数量越多，患心脏病的风险就越大。
Bld pressure decreases with exercise.血压随着锻炼而降低。
The girl seemed t be grwing prettier with each day. 那女孩好像长得一天比一天漂亮。
比较：with和as均可表示“随着”，但前者是介词，后者是连词。如：
He will imprve as he grws lder. 随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。
Peple’s ideas change with the change f the times. 时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。
（11）[表伴随或附带情况]与…同时
Michelle had fallen asleep with her head against his shulder.米歇尔睡着了，头靠在他的肩上。
I slept with the windw pen. 我开着窗户睡觉。
Dn’t speak with yur muth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。
（12）赞成；同意
I am with yu there. 在那点上我同你意见一致。
（13）[表对象或关系]对…（怀有某种感情）；关于；就…而言；对…来说
He is pleased with his new huse. 他对他的新房子很满意。
The teacher was very angry with him. 老师对他很生气。
It’s the same with us students. 我们学生也是这样。
（14）[表对立或敌对]对立；反对
The dg was fighting with the cat. 狗在同猫打架。
He’s always arguing with his brther. 他老是跟他弟弟争论。
（15）与（风、水流等）方向一致；顺着…（反义词：against）
sail with the wind顺风驶船
swim with the tide顺着潮流游泳
（16）伴着（声音或手势）；带着（表情）
With a sigh, she leant back and clsed her eyes.她叹了口气，身体向后倚靠，闭上了眼睛。
The frnt dr clsed with a crash behind him.前门在他身后砰的一声关上了。
分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）
1.（2023新高考I卷）There yu will find them prepared differently- mre dumpling and less sup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rlled.
2.（2023新高考II卷）And wh d they speak English 38 ?
2.（2023全国甲卷）She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility 68 saving their envirnment.
4.（2023全国乙卷）Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng 61 ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully built system f ring rads.
5.（2023北京卷）Nina has run marathns in 32 cuntries. All f her runs have a guiding purpse: t call attentin ____17____ glbal water issues.
6.（2023浙江1月卷）Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric events.
7.（2022新高考I卷）Giant pandas als serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.
9.（2022全国甲卷）Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute. He flew 4, 700 kilmeters ___________ Xi’an t Kashgar n seat 20, planning t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
0.（2022全国乙卷）May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day, which was named fficially ___________ the United Natins n Nvember 27th, 2019.
10.（2022北京卷）Helen was walking dwn the street late ________ the evening, her arms filled with grcery bags.
11.（2021新高考I卷）A cmpany representative wrte back and tld me the airline was switching ver ___________ plastic t paper cups n all f its 1,200 daily flights.
12.（2021年全国甲卷）It was built riginally t prtect the city __________ the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred (修复).
13.（2021年全国乙卷）Due t the grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types ___________ trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
14.（2021年全国乙卷）Ecturism has its rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s. It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept _________ the late 1980s.
15.（2020年北京高考）Over time, the bags fall apart ___________ cuntless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat sme f them.
16.（2020全国II卷）Museums must cmpete __________ peple’s spare time and mney with ther amusements.
17.（2020全国III卷）The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ___________ earth, Mther Nature.
18.（2020浙江卷）This aging f the ppulatin is driven ___________ tw factrs.
19. (2019全国I卷) Mdern methds __________ tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s, and are expensive t perfrm cnsistently ver a large area.
20. (2019全国III卷) We were first greeted with the barking by a pack __________ dgs, seven t be exact. They were well trained by their masters wh had great experience with caring fr these animals.
21. (2019浙江6月卷) But can unifrms help imprve schl standards? The answer __________ this questin is nt clear.
22. (2019北京卷) Earth Day, marked n 22 April, is an annual event aiming t raise public awareness abut envirnmental prtectin. First celebrated __________1970, the Day nw includes events in mre than 190 cuntries and regins(地区).
23. (2018全国III卷)My name is Mireya Mayr. I’m a scientist wh studies animals such as apes and mnkeys. I was searching __________ these three western lwland grillas I’d been bserving.
24．(2018江苏卷)If yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem, then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum's hme ________ dinner, get a few cking tips frm her.
25．(2018天津卷)The peple in the hall seemed very nsy (爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me ________ curisity.
26．(2018全国Ⅲ卷)Wang Shu, a 49yearld Chinese architect, wn the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize—which is ften referred ________ as the Nbel Prize in architecture—n February 28.
27．(2018江苏卷)There are slutins that culd light a path ________ a mre sustainable and fair farm ecnmy, but farmers can't clumsily put them tgether befre us.
28．(2018北京卷)—Gd mrning, Mr Lee's ffice.
—Gd mrning. I'd like t make an appintment ________ next Wednesday afternn.
29．(2018江苏卷)Develping the Yangtze River Ecnmic Belt is a systematic prject which calls ________ a clear rad map and timetable.
30. (2017全国II卷) It ran fr just under seven kilmeters and allwed peple t avid terrible 61 (crwd) n the rads abve as they travelled t and wrk.
分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）
1.（2022广东一模）Fr Lucy, nthing beats traveling, which she described __________ her favrite part f being alive.
2.（2022新疆一模） Studies have shwn that studentswh use handwriting t take ntes in class remember infrmatin better—imprving their scres________as much as 15 percent.
3.（2022云南一模） It has lng been a dream fr the La peple t see their cuntry change frm a land-lcked cuntry ______ a “land-linked ne”, and the pening f the new railway is a big step tward turning their dream int reality.
4.（2022河南模拟）Water mist was sprayed ______ the air ,which was then crystallized (结晶) the snw with the freezing air temperature.
5.（2022重庆一模）It began n January 19 and finished ___ __ the early mrning f January 20.
6.（2023浙江模拟）Scientists say that anther 26.5 trillin punds will be prduced wrldwide __ ___ 2050.
7.（2023成都三诊）After taking my pulse, lking at my tngue, and asking a few questins ___ ___my diet and lifestyle, the acupuncturist crrectly reasned that I was wrn-ut.
8.（2022珠海二模）Analysis f elements in the relics indicates surces similar _______ thse f ther cultures alng the Yangtze River.
9.（2023肇庆三模）Changes t water resurces can have a big impact ____2____ peple's lives.
10.（2023漳州模拟）The asterid (小行星) 10930 Jinyng (1998 CR2) is named ___ ___ him.
11.（2023玉林一模）D freigners nt understand British humr r are the British just nt s funny ____ ____ they think they are?
12.（2023南阳一模） “Accusing the British ________ having n sense f humr is like telling Rlls-Ryce that its cars are dwn-market.”
13.【2023辽宁一模】It's nt actually just fr grandparents, but it's als t give grandparents an pprtunity t shw lve ______ their children's children.
14.【2023江苏大联考】We use bicycles tday fr recreatin, fitness and s n. ______ the bicycle, much f the wrld might stp wrking!
15.【2023葫芦岛模拟】The ride lasts several minutes. It travels frm the security area t the barding gate______ a speed f 3. 5 kilmeters per hur.
16.【2023江苏省五调】In 1995, Dr. Madan Kataria called n a grup f students in a park t test whether adding regular laughter t peple’s lives wuld imprve their well-being, Kataria als intrduced deep breathing and simple yga mves______ the exercises.
17.【2023长沙四调】I was remarkable hw a cmmunity lst s much and was still able t recver, and this left the deepest impressin______ the students.
18.【2023武汉调研】The first suggested that chlera multiplied in the air. The secnd suggested that peple absrbed this disease ______ their bdies with their meals.
19.【2023福州调研】Elephants are nt fans f strangers. Hwever ,Chen and his clleagues can take nly three days ______ every mnth.
20.【2023辽宁联考】While it’s wnderful fr peple wh want t see what these museums ffer and teach them, it’s nt always the best fr the museums facing increasing hardships in terms ______ funding.
分类训练（三）语法填空（外刊原创）
China renews mst severe alert fr Typhn Dksuri
Xinhua | Updated: 2023-07-28 11:14
China's natinal bservatry(气象台) n Friday renewed a red alert fr Typhn Dksuri, the mst severe warning in its fur-tier warning system, as the fifth typhn f this year is likely 1 (bring) heavy rain t the eastern and suthern parts f the cuntry.
The typhn 2 (land) in castal areas f Jinjiang city in Fujian prvince at 9:55 am Friday, 3 brught strms f up t 50 meters per secnd near its center. Dksuri is expected t mve nrthwestward, gradually weakening in intensity.
The meterlgical center has issued a guideline suspending bth indr and utdr 4 (gathering), as well as 5 (danger) utdr peratins, and recmmended the timely transfer f peple living in vulnerable husing. It has als called fr emergency typhn preparatins and precautins 6 pssible gelgical disasters.
China has 7 fur-tier, clr-cded weather warning system fr typhns, with red 8 (represent) the mst severe warning, 9 (fllw) by range, yellw and blue. All expressways in Xiamen, Zhangzhu and Quanzhu in Fujian Prvince have been 10 (temprary)clsed.介词
用法
例句
fr
常与表示闻名、奖罚等意义的形容词或动词连用,如famus, knwn, praise, punish等
Xi'an is famus fr its lng histry.西安因历史悠久而著名。
at
常与表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词(如happy, pleased, angry, delighted等)连用,表示产生这种情感的原因
He was surprised at the news.听到这个消息他很惊讶。
with
常与表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的抽象名词连用,强调随着心理变化而产生的情感变化
He shuted ludly with anger. 他气得大喊大叫。
frm
常接抽象名词,表示自然或间接原因
She felt sick frm tiredness.她累得浑身不对劲。
f
多用于表示自身的原因;也常用于某些与情感相关的形容词后
Her friend died f cancer.她的朋友死于癌症。
His father is prud f him.他父亲为他感到骄傲。
介词
词义
例句
against
反对，倚靠，逆着，相反，在……的衬托下，与……比赛
She was frced t marry against her will. 她被迫违心地嫁了人。
That's against the law. 那是违法的。
The skier's red clthes std ut clearly against the snw. 滑雪者的红衣服在雪的衬托下显得分外醒目。
fr
支持，赞成，与in favr f同义
Are yu fr r against the new rad scheme?
你对修建新道路的计划是赞成还是反对？
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