初中英语人教新目标八年级下册 Unit 5 高频易错点分析和练习

这是一份初中英语人教新目标八年级下册 Unit 5 高频易错点分析和练习，共8页。
八年级英语下册Unit 5高频易错点分析练习一、when与while用法when既可以指某一时间点，也可以指某一时间段;其从句中谓语动词表示的动作既可以是非延续性的, 又可以是延续性的;可与主句中的谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，也可在其后发生。while指一段时间，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词表示的动作同while 时发生或存在; 指一段时间时，when可用while来代替; 指某一瞬间时，when不能用while来代替。 while从句多用于进行时态。注意，while 还表示两者之间的对比或相反的情况，如:I like coffee while he likes tea.我喜欢咖啡而他却喜欢茶.。The south has plenty of rain while the north has little.南方雨量充沛,北方雨量很少。【练习】用when或while填空。1. It was raining heavily ______ I left my school for home yesterday afternoon.2. _________the students were talking loudly in theclassroom, their teacher came in.3.--Learning to love is like learning to walk.一Yes, ______we step out bravely，we can find it easy.4.Kate wanted to turn the room into a study, _______ her husband preferred (更喜欢)a kitchen.5.讲英语的国家很多,讲日语的国家却不多。（汉译英）【答案】1.when2.While/When3.when4.while5.English is spoken in many countries while Japanese is spoken in few countries.二、pick up意义①捡起;拾起 You should plck up the paper on the ground.你应该把地上的纸捡起来②整理;收拾 Let's pick up the living room.我们收拾一下客厅吧。③搭载;驾车去接(某人)Shall l plck you up at the statlon? 我去车站接你好吗?④(偶然)得到;学会She picked up Spanish when she was living in Mexico.她旅居墨西哥时顺便学会了西班牙语。【练习】1.I called you several times this morning, but you didn't _______. A. stay up B. look up C. pick up D. take up2.--Look! Whose English book is this on the ground? --Oh,it's mine.Please____. A. pick it up B. put it on C. pick up itD. put on it3.--Do you_____your son after school? --No.He comes back home on the school bus. A. pick up B. look after C. get up D. bring out【答案】1.C2.A3.A三、beat与win的区别在运动、比赛等战胜或击败了对手用beat，其后常接表示人或团队的词，它的过去式为beat，beat-beat-beaten此外，beat还有“打;击打”之意。在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举等获胜用win，其后常接game，match , race, competition，prize等表示“物”的词，其过去式为won，win-won-won, 反义词为lose，表示“失败;输”。【练习】选用beat或win填空。1.Hi, Jerry! I didn't watch the tennis game last night.Which team ________at last?2. He is good at playing chess.He always _______me at chess.3. Team A _______Team B in the volleyball game last week.4. She will try her best to ______ the gold medal.5.We are sure to_____No.1 Middle School and______the first place tomorrow.A. beat; win B. win; beat C. beat; beat D. win; win【答案】1.won2.beats3.beat4.win5.A四、rise与raise的区别rise-rose-risenraise-raised-raisedrise作不及物动词，意为“升起;增加;提高”，不可用于被动语态中raise作及物动词，后要接宾语，意为“举起， 抬起;募集;征集;提高;饲养”，可用于被动语态中【练习】用rise或raise的适当形式填空。1. After the heavy rain，the river_______quickly.2. Her grandmother ______ a lot of hens on her farm last year.3. While we _______ ______ the national flag，the round red sun ______in the east yesterday morning.句子翻译。4.如果你知道答案，请举手。Please _______ ______ _______ if you know the answer.5.在过去，蔬菜的价格上涨得非常快。The price of vegetables _______ very quickly in the past.6.这些士兵每天早晨按时将国旗升起。The soldiers _________the national flag on time every morning.7.这次活动筹集到了很多钱。（用被动语态翻译句子）8.太阳每天都从东方升起。（汉译英）【答案】1.rose2.raised3.were raising; rose4.raise your hand5.rose6.raise7. A lot of money was raised in this activity.8. The sun rises in the east every day.五、die的用法及相关短语die， 是一个不及物动词，不能用与被动语态，强调动作的瞬间性，因此不能和表示一段时间的状语连用， 这时可以用be dead来进行替换; 如:The old man died in 2008. 老人死于2008年。He has been dead for five years.他已经去世三年了。注意， die可以用于进行时态,但表示“垂死的”，“奄奄一息”，“即将死去”。Buildshipping is a dying business.造船业是一个没落的行业。Some traditions are dying in our society.一些传统正在我们的社会中消失。词性转换:dead 形容词death 名词短语:die from死于（外因）die of 死于（内因）die away 变弱（声音）die out 灭绝; 消失【练习】1.去年他的爸爸死于一场车祸。（汉译英）2.他的爷爷2015年死于癌症。（汉译英）3.如果我们不保护环境，一些野生动物将来可能会灭绝。（汉译英）【答案】1. His father died from a car accident last year.2. His grandfather died of cancer in 2015.3. If we don't protect environment, some wildlife may die out in the future.六、 sleepy, asleep与sleep的区别sleepy意为“瞌睡的”，“昏昏欲睡的”asleep意为“入睡的”, “睡着的”， 常作表语sleep既可作动词又可作名词，意为“睡觉”。feel sleepyfall asleep 【练习】用sleepy,asleep,sleep填空。1. He was too tired and he fell ________on the sofa very quickly.2. He didn't_____ almost the whole night, so he is very _______ now.3.The little baby felt ______and soon fell _______in his mother’s arms.4.孩子们已经睡着了。（汉译英）【答案】1.asleep2.sleep; sleepy3.sleepy; asleep4. The children have been asleep.✍️综合练习:1.—Didn’t you hear Dad call you?—No, I didn’t. I ______ with Jack on the phone.A.am talkingB.would talkC.have talkedD.was talking2.—What were you and your father doing at 7:00 yesterday evening?—I was doing my homework _________ my father was watching news on TV.A.whenB.as soon as C.whileD.even though3.She didn’t know the strange man and had to ________ the police for help.A.look B.visit C.call D.run4.As we know, the sun ______ in the east and sets in the west.A.risesB.travelsC.climbsD.runs5.The newspaper ________ that about 300 people were killed in the fire.A.guessedB.discussedC.spokeD.reported6.At last he _________ studying hard was very important. He decided to study harder.A.thoughtB.saidC.askedD.realized7.—Bob, why do you want to change the bed?—Because it's not comfortable and I can't ________ quickly.A.get upB.dress up C.fall downD.fall asleep8.—Why didn’t you come to the picnic yesterday?—Sorry. I was so busy with my homework that I ________ forgot it.A.completelyB.suddenlyC.recentlyD.quietly9.— How strange! You sit in your room__________ for a long time, Li Ming.— I just want to be quiet for a while. I’m sorry, Dad. I failed the test again.A.in silenceB.in personC.in publicD.in fact10.Tom ________ his old house. He wanted to build a new one.A.fell downB.died downC.cut downD.took down11.My alarm clock doesn’t ________. My dad will have it repaired.A.take offB.put off C.run offD.go off12. The boy with two dogs _____ in the yard when the earthquake hit the city.A.is playingB.are playingC.was playingD.were playing13.They arrived____ Paris ____ a winter evening.A.at, inB.to, on C.in, onD.in, at14.Do you know ________?A.what he happenedB.what happened to himC.what did he happenD.what the matter is15.（2021·湖南）—I heard Frank would join the music club.—________ He’s not interested in music at all.A.You’re kidding! B.Why not? C.No problem. ​D.It’s up to you.【答案】1.D【解析】句意：——你没听见爸爸打电话给你吗？——不，我没有。我正在通过电话和Jack交谈。A. am talking正在交谈，现在进行时；B. would talk将会交谈，过去将来时；C. have talked已经交谈，现在完成时；D. was talking正在交谈，过去进行时。根据上文Didn’t you hear Dad call you?及下文No, I didn’t回答可知下文是用过去进行时，根据题意，故选D。2.C【解析】句意：——昨天晚上7点你和你父亲在干什么？ ——我爸爸在看电视新闻时，我正在做作业。考查连词辨析。when当……时；as soon as一……就……；while与……同时；even though即使。根据“I was doing my homework...my father was watching news on TV”可知，此处为两个同时进行的动作，且从句的时态为过去进行时，此处应用while引导时间状语从句。故选C。3.C【解析】句意：她不认识那个陌生人，只好报警求助。考查动词辨析。look看；visit参观；call打电话；run跑。根据“She didn’t know the strange man”可知，不认识那个陌生人，只有报警求助。短语call the police“报警”，故选C。4.A【解析】句意：正如我们所知，太阳从东方升起，从西方落下。考查动词辨析。rises升起；travels旅行；climbs爬；runs跑。根据“the sun...in the east and sets in the west”可知，此处指太阳从东边升起，用rises。故选A。5.D【解析】句意：报纸报道说大约有300人在火灾中丧生。考查动词词义辨析。guessed猜；discussed讨论；spoke演说；reported报道。根据句中“The newspaper”可知，这里是指报纸上报道，故选D。6.D【解析】句意：最后他意识到努力学习是非常重要的。他决定更加努力学习。考查动词辨析。thought认为；said说；asked问；realized意识到。根据“He decided to study harder.”可知，此处指意识到学习的重要性。故选D。7.D【解析】句意：——鲍勃，你为什么要换床？——因为这张床不舒服而且我不能很快入睡。考查动词短语。get up起床；dress up装扮；fall down跌倒；fall asleep入睡。由“change the bed”及“it's not comfortable”可知，因为床不舒服，导致不能很快入睡，所以要换床。故选D。8.A【解析】句意：——昨天你为什么没有来野餐？——很抱歉，我如此忙着做我的家庭作业以至于我完全忘了此事。考查副词。completely完全，彻底；suddenly突然；recently最近；quietly安静地。根据“I was so busy with my homework”可知表达“完全忘了此事”，用副词“completely”修饰动词。故选A。9.A【解析】句意：——真奇怪!李明，你在房间里安静地坐了很长时间。——我只是想安静一会儿。对不起,爸爸，我考试又没及格。考查介词短语。A. in silence安静地、沉默地；B. in person亲自；C. in public公开地；D. in fact事实上。根据下文I just want to be quiet for a while. 我只是想安静一会儿。可推知他应是在房间里静静地坐了很长时间，故答案A。10.D【解析】句意：汤姆拆掉了他的旧房子。他想建一个新的。考查动词短语。fell down摔倒；died down减弱；cut down削减；took down拆掉。根据“He wanted to build a new one.”可知，此处指拆掉旧房子。故选D。11.D【解析】句意：我的闹钟不响。我爸爸会把它修好的。考查动词短语。take off起飞；put off推迟；run off流失；go off发出声音，进行。根据“My dad will have it repaired.”可知，此处指闹钟不响了。故选D。12.C【解析】句意：地震发生时，那个带着两只狗的男孩在院子里玩耍。考查动词时态。根据“The boy with two dogs...in the yard when the earthquake hit the city.”可知，此处是when引导的时间状语从句，当地震发生时男孩正在院子里玩耍，表示过去的某一时刻正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，主语为“The boy”，be动词用was。故选C。13.C【解析】句意：他们在一个冬天的晚上到达了巴黎。考查地点介词及时间介词。arrive at/in sp 其中in后接大地点，at加小地点，巴黎是一个大城市，用in；后一空填on表示在具体某一天的晚上，用介词on。故选C。14.B【解析】句意：你知道他发生了什么事吗？考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除C选项；what’s the matter表示“怎么了”，在宾语从句中不改变语序，排除D选项；sth. happened to sb.表示“某人发生了什么事”，固定搭配。故选B。15.A【解析】句意：——我听说弗兰克会想加入音乐俱乐部。 ——你在开玩笑！他对音乐一点也不感兴趣。考查情景交际。You’re kidding你在开玩笑；Why not为什么不；No problem没问题；It’s up to you由你决定。根据“He’s not interested in music at all.”可知，此处认为对方说的弗兰克会加入音乐俱乐部是在开玩笑，表示惊讶。故选A。