2025版高考英语一轮总复习考点训练选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮总复习考点训练选择性必修第二册Unit1ScienceandScientists，共7页。试卷主要包含了blame vt，transfrm vt，defend vt，cme dwn染上；得了；患等内容，欢迎下载使用。

佳句背诵
Blamed fr the failure f the perfrmance, Tim felt seized by a burst f sadness and culdn't help crying bitterly.
由于演出失败而受到责备，蒂姆感到一阵悲伤，禁不住痛哭起来。
归纳拓展
(1)be t blame(fr sth.) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备
blame sb.fr sth.因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人
blame sth.n sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事
(2)take the blame承担过错
put the blame fr sth. n sth.把某事归咎于某事
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(全国Ⅲ卷)Lts f peple find it hard t get up in the mrning, and put the blame n the alarm clck.
②I'm nt ging t sit arund and take the blame fr a mistake he made.
③(朗文当代)Officials believe that mre than ne persn may be t blame (blame) fr the fire.
写作运用提能
④当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(话题写作之人际交往)
When getting alng with thers, we shuldn't always blame thers fr mistakes .After all, many times we are als t blame .S instead f blaming thers ，we shuld cmmunicate mre and put urselves in thers' place.
2.decrease n．减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
佳句背诵
First, with the ppularity f e-bks, peple find it cnvenient t dwnlad bks n the Internet, which leads t the decrease f traditinal readers.
首先，随着电子书的普及，人们发现在互联网上下载书籍很方便，这导致了传统读者的减少。
归纳拓展
(1)decrease t...减少到……
decrease by...减少了……
decrease 从……减少到……
(2)n the decrease正在减少
n the increase正在增加
多维训练
单句语法填空
① T decrease (decrease) the amunt f rubbish and t prtect the envirnment, mre gvernments are requiring peple t recycle materials.
②The number f peple aged 50 and under will decrease by 30% during the time.
写作运用提能
③由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数量在减少。
→Because f human activities, the number f sme rare animals is n the decrease .
→Because f human activities, the number f sme rare animals is decreasing .
3.transfrm vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变
佳句背诵
(2023·全国甲卷)The Chinese cach transfrmed Duglas int ne f the best gymnasts in the wrld, helping her skyrcket frm an average member f the natinal team t the tp f the sprt.
这位中国教练把道格拉斯变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从一名普通的国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手。
归纳拓展
(1)transfrm sb./sth.改变/转化某人/某物
使……变成……
be transfrmed 由……变成……
(2)transfrmatin n．变化；改观；转变
多维训练
单句语法填空
①Their jint effrts have transfrmed the bald hill int ne cvered with green trees.
② Transfrmed (transfrm) int a frg by the witch(巫婆)，the prince was driven ut f the castle.
写作运用提能
③您的慷慨帮助将我的第一次美国之旅变成了一个难忘的回忆。
Yur generus help transfrmed/turned my first American trip int an unfrgettable memry .
4.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解
佳句背诵
He planned t learn kung fu in the summer hlidays s that he can defend himself against being attacked.
他计划在暑假学习功夫，这样他就可以抵御攻击了。
归纳拓展
(1)(ding...)保护……免受……
defend neself自卫；为自己辩护
(2)defenc(s)e n．防御；保卫；保护
in defence (f)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in ne's defence为某人辩护
多维训练
单句语法填空
①The law allws peple t defend themselves frm/against a charge.
②The assistant stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands as if in defence.
写作运用提能
③看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)
Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed t defend his sn like an arrw .(defend)
→Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed in defence f his sn like an arrw .(defence)
5.cme dwn(with...)染上；得了(……病)；患(病)
佳句背诵
(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)Aware that my partner came dwn with a serius disease, I had knts in my thrat and rushed t hspital anxiusly.
得知我的伴侣得了重病，我不禁哽咽，焦急地赶往医院。
归纳拓展
cme acrss(偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解
cme abut发生(无被动形式)
cme n加油；到来；得了吧
cme ut出版；结果是；(花)开放
cme up走近；上来；被提出
cme up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)
when it cmes t...当谈及……
多维训练
单句语法填空
①Abve all, tell me hw the accident came abut immediately.
②My assistant's first nvel came ut ，which made me prud f him.
③She came dwn with this summer flu everyne's getting and went hme befre I gt in.
④(牛津高阶)He spke fr a lng time but his meaning didn't really cme acrss .
写作运用提能
⑤ When it cmes t (当谈及) English learning, I have the fllwing practical suggestins t share.Firstly, when yu cme acrss (遇见) unfamiliar wrds, dn't always refer t the dictinary.Furthermre, when teachers' questins cme up (被提及) in class, yu shuld try t cme up with (想出) answers.Lastly, if yu fail, yu must say t yurself, “ Cme n (加油)！”(应用文写作之建议信)
6.abve all最重要的是；首先；尤其是
佳句背诵
If yu want t be ppular, abve all, jin in ur class activities and make a cntributin t ur class if pssible.
如果你想受欢迎，最重要的是，参加我们的班级活动，如果可能的话对班级做些贡献。
归纳拓展
after all毕竟；终究
first f all首先；第一
all in all整体说来；总而言之
in all全部；合计
at all(否定句)一点也(不)；(疑问句)到底；究竟
多维训练
单句语法填空
①Thanks t yur timely and generus help, I managed t handle the fur prblems in all.
用all的相关短语填空提能
②The university I recmmend t yu is Beijing Language and Culture University. First f all/Abve all ，yu'd better learn sme basic Chinese befre yu cme. After all ，yu will be under cmpletely unfamiliar circumstances. All in all ，studying fr a degree in a different culture is nt easy at all .(应用文写作之推荐信)
7.Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld, until a British dctr, Jhn Snw, shwed hw it culd be vercme.
在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
佳句背诵
(2021·浙江6月，读后续写) I wuld keep wrking n the farm until I earned enugh mney t help my father buy a new tractr.
我将一直在农场工作直到我挣到足够的钱帮助爸爸买辆新拖拉机。
归纳拓展
(1)由until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定式，构成结构。
(2)倒装结构：部分倒装“Nt until＋时间状语从句或短语＋谓语助动词＋主语＋谓语动词”。
(3)强调结构：It is/was nt until＋时间状语从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①We dn't knw its value until we lse health.
写作运用提能
②直到我经历了这场事故，我才意识到坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。(读后续写之升华句)
I wasn't aware that bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened until I experienced the accident .()
→ Nt until I experienced the accident was I aware that bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(倒装句)
→ It was nt until I experienced the accident that I was aware that bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(强调句)
8.He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.
他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱爆发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
佳句背诵
He was s nervus that he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.
→S nervus was he that he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.(读后续写之紧张心理描写)
他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉舌头打结，手心出汗。
归纳拓展
s/such... that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
(1)s... that...句型的常见形式：
s＋adj./adv.＋that...
s＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋that...
s＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
(2)such... that...句型的常见形式：
such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)＋that...
such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
(3)当s/such...放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
多维训练
单句语法填空
①It is nrmal fr such little bys t eat s little fd, s dn't blame them.
写作运用提能
②(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)自习室是一个吸引人的地方，许多学生会聚集在那里进一步提高他们的学习水平。
The self-study rm is such an appealing place that many students will gather there t further imprve their learning level. (such)
→ The self-study rm is s appealing a place that many students will gather there t further imprve their learning level. (s)
9.Accrdingly, he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.
因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。
佳句背诵
(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)We began t help pick peaches and then had them delivered t the farmers' huses.
我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。
归纳拓展
have sth. dne使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇到某事
have sb. d sth.让某人做某事
have sb./sth. ding sth.让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态
can't have sb. ding sth.不能容忍某人做某事
have sth. t d有某事要做
多维训练
单句语法填空
①(2022·全国甲卷)It cmes after mre than half f sft drinks sld in shps have had their sugar levels cut (cut) by manufacturers(制造商) s they can avid paying the tax.
②(2020·天津卷)The dancer's incredible perfrmance had the audience n its feet clapping (clap) fr 10 minutes at the end f the shw.
写作运用提能
③我们班主任不能容忍我们浪费时间。即使我们已完成作业，他也总是让我们阅读经典来开阔我们的视野。
Our head teacher can't have us wasting ur time .Even if we have finished ur hmewrk, he always has us read classics t widen/braden ur hrizns .
④我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。(应用文写作之道歉信)
I am terribly srry fr having yu waiting fr me fr s lng ，because I had an urgent thing t attend t just nw.