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河南省西峡县第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷
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这是一份河南省西峡县第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试卷，共28页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
请点击修改第I卷的文字说明
（本题8分）It is a strange cincidence(巧合) that as humanity attempts t greatly reduce its carbn emissins(排放), it is als rushing t develp a technlgy that culd, in thery, cnsume an unlimited amunt f energy.
Ding things against facts is a dangerus game, but yu can picture a wrld in which, having chsen t start dealing with climate change prperly in the 1990s, we wuld be just wrapping up the gentle path t net-zer emissins in time fr a rapid AI increase fuelled by green pwer. Instead, we find urselves at risk f running a 21st-century technlgy n a 20th-century energy supply.
If yu live in the US, every time yu use an AI mdel, arund 20 per cent f the electricity required will be prduced by burning cal. The explsive grwth f AI makes this an even mre pressing cncern. Accrding t ne analysis, if Ggle chse t shift t an entirely AI-pwered search business, its electricity cnsumptin culd match that f sme cuntries.
Such estimates may be magnified, but evidence f rising pwer cnsumptin frm AI is all arund. Micrsft is placing bets n nuclear plants t pwer its data centres, while the English gvernment has prmised t bst its natinal cmputing capacity by 50 per cent by 2025, which wuld help it keep pace with rapid AI develpments in the wrld.
Thankfully, we may sn reach a turning pint. As is reprted, this year the glbal pwer department came clse t reaching peak greenhuse gas emissins, as the switch frm fssil(化石) fuels t clean and renewable surces is well underway. The questin nw is whether we can quicken the pace f decarbnisatin (脱碳) t match the cming grwth in energy cnsumptin as AI becmes increasingly rted in ur sciety. Silicn Valley’s intelligent machines may grab the headlines and the imaginatin, but the peple really inventing the future are wrking in the energy department.
1．(2分)What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A．Carbn emissins have been reduced a lt.
B．The reality is far frm what we expected.
C．The rapid AI increase brings many benefits.
D．Climate change pses a threat t green electricity supply.
2．(2分)Why is electricity cnsumptin a majr cncern?
A．Mre AI mdels mean burning mre cal.
B．Many cuntries turn t nuclear plants fr pwer.
C．There is a lack f ban n tech-giants’ electricity cnsumptin.
D．Ggle’s electricity cnsumptin equals that f sme cuntries.
3．(2分)What des the underlined wrd “magnified” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Overstated.B．Undervalued.C．Cmmn.D．Reasnable.
4．(2分)What wuld be ur primary task befre we reach a turning pint?
A．Shifting t a fully AI-pwered search business.
B．Achieving net-zer emissins as sn as pssible.
C．Balancing energy-hungry AI with decarbnisatin.
D．Creating an unlimited energy-cnsuming technlgy.
（本题8分）The ability f music t evke (唤起) specific, ften pwerful feelings is n secret t anyne wh has listened t Gustav Mahler’s “Symphny N. 5”, Billie Hliday’s “Gd Bless the Child”, the Ramnes’ “I Wanna Be Sedated”, Lizz’s “Gd as Hell” r any f the ther cuntless cmpsitins that have fund their way nt Western playlists in the past few centuries.
The emtinal effects f music are the pint, f curse. They are als the subject f a fast-grwing field f research arund the wrld in which scientists are explring the nature f the many “subjective experiences”—such as jy, sadness, anxiety and calmness—that music evkes.
In a recent set f experiments, researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and their clleagues sught t determine if the feelings that peple experience when listening t music “shw evidence f universality”. They cmpared and analyzed hw mre than 2,800 U.S. and Chinese study participants respnded t 2,168 (mstly Western) samples f instrumental music. The team identified 13 distinct and very specific feelings that the Chinese and U.S. subjects shared when listening t music, despite their cultural differences.
The music used in the research, described in the paper as “the richest set f Western music samples ever studied,” included classical, pp, rck, indie, hip-hp, R&B, cuntry, film sundtracks, and mre. An additinal 189 sample f traditinal Chinese music was als used. In all, the researchers gathered 375,230 judgments f the samples frm the study participants.
In the first experiment, subjects listened t Western music samples (each f which was just five secnds lng) and reprted n the specific feelings they evked, chsing respnses frm a list f 28 “categries f subjective experience” prvided by the researchers. Terms n the list included “victrius/heric”, “sad/depressing”, “jyful/cheerful”, “awe-inspiring/amazing” and “dreamy”. The team then used data-driven statistical mdeling t identify the 13 shared experiences. The secnd experiment, which included the Chinese music, invlved brad evaluatins f the samples by participants—such as whether the subjects liked r disliked them r fund them exciting r nt. A central finding f the study, the researchers write, is that specific feelings “drive the experience f music” mre than the brader features.
5．(2分)Hw des the authr mainly develp paragraph 1?
A．By stating a series f facts.
B．By making an assumptin.
C．By cmparing varius sngs.
D．By explaining sme sng terms.
6．(2分)What is the purpse f the study n Americans and the Chinese?
A．T examine their music taste.
B．T present musical traditins.
C．T identify universal feelings f music.
D．T cmpare Eastern and Western cultures.
7．(2分)What were the participants asked t d in the first experiment?
A．Share their experiences with each ther.
B．Take dwn different styles f the sngs.
C．Retell what they heard in the music terms.
D．Tick what they feel frm a list by the researchers.
8．(2分)What can be the best title f the text?
A．Is a Sad Sng Sad fr Everyne?
B．What Makes a Sng S Tuching?
C．Des All Mdern Pp Music Sund the Same?
D．What D Yu Blame fr Yur Pr Musical Taste?
（本题8分）The specific cultural values f a cuntry may determine whether cncern abut envirnmental issues actually leads individuals t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs, accrding t research published in Psychlgical Science.
Kimin Em, a psychlgical scientist f the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara, was inspired t investigate the links between culture, envirnmental cncern, and envirnmental actin after nticing that bth public discussin and academic research n envirnmental behavir typically fcus n peple frm Western cuntries. It is wrth nticing because Western cuntries tend t have cultural values that priritize individuals’ wn attitudes and beliefs and encurage expressin f them.
“The thery seemed t be that nce individuals are led t believe in the urgency f envirnmental issues and have strnger cncerns abut sustainability (持续性), they will change and act t address the issues,” explains Em. But this relatinship might nt hld fr individuals living in mre cllectivistic (集体主义的) scieties, which place mre emphasis n scial harmny and unifrmity than n self-expressin, Em and his team assumed.
T examine what drives envirnmental actin in individualistic and cllectivistic cultures, the researchers cnducted a study with participants frm the United States (an individualistic culture) and Japan (a cllectivistic culture). They fund envirnmental cncern was clsely cnnected with envirnmental behavir — in this case, chsing envirnmentally friendly prducts — but nly amng American participants. On the ther hand, believing that a large percentage f peple engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs was assciated with making ec-friendly chices amng Japanese participants, but nt American participants.
The findings suggest that persnal cncerns are mre likely t mtivate peple t take envirnmental actin if they live in individualistic cuntries, while scial nrms (准则) are mre likely t drive peple t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavir if they live in cllectivistic cuntries.
“Getting citizens actively engaged is critical t addressing urgent scial challenges, such as climate change,” says Em. “Our research suggests that scientists, plicymakers, and activists need t understand hw culture shapes the psychlgical factrs f actin t develp plicies, campaigns, and interventins (干预) that address imprtant scial issues.”
9．(2分)What des Em find abut previus research n envirnmental behavir?
A．Its study participants are t limited.
B．Its results need a while t be achieved.
C．It priritizes individuals’ attitudes and beliefs.
D．It draws much evidence frm public discussin.
10．(2分)Under which cnditin will a Japanese man mst likely take envirnmental actin?
A．If he sees many thers d s.
B．If he is affected by cllectivistic values.
C．If he mves t an individualistic cuntry.
D．If he wrries abut the envirnment persnally.
11．(2分)What des Em say abut their research in the last paragraph?
A．It fails t take participants’ psychlgical factrs int accunt.
B．It encurages scientists and plicymakers t make jint effrts.
C．It has a further study directin twards urgent scial challenges.
D．It prvides insights int prmting public engagement in scial issues.
12．(2分)What is the best title fr the text?
A．Scial Nrms Play a Part in Addressing Pllutin
B．Envirnmental Issues Originate frm Natinal Cultures
C．Mtivating Ec-Friendly Behavirs Depends n Cultural Values
D．Mre Envirnmental Cncerns Usually Mean Mre Green Actin
（本题8分）There are well-dcumented mental health benefits t pet wnership, as much research has shwn. Indeed, we knw there are sme physical benefits as well, as dg wners tend t have mre active lifestyles. Yet when it cmes t cnditins like allergies (过敏), we tend t think f pet wnership as exacerbating, nt alleviating them.
Hence, a recent study published in the jurnal PLOS One might cme as a surprise. The study, published Wednesday, fund that children raised with cats and dgs early in life had a 13 t 16 % lwer risk f develping all fd allergies than thse wh did nt wn pets.
The researchers engaged in a detailed survey, studying 65,000 children. They fund that children wh were expsed t dgs either during fetal (胎儿) develpment, r up t the age f 3 years ld were less likely t have nut, milk and egg allergies.
This wasn’t true fr ther pets that weren’t cats and dgs. Indeed, the same research fund that children expsed t hamsters during this same perid had an increased risk f nut allergies. Yet children wh were expsed t cats during their early years were likewise less likely t develp specific allergies — namely, allergies t wheat, sybean and egg.
While the study is nt the final wrd n the issue — the researchers nte “further studies using ral fd challenges are required t mre accurately assess the incident f fd allergies” — it reinfrces preexisting research n the seemingly funny ways that cats influence human develpment.
In additin t adding t the grwing bdy f scientific literature abut pets and human health, the PLOS One als reinfrces earlier research abut the rle f the envirnment in develping allergies. The research repeatedly fund that expsure t farmyard dirt, dust and the varius fine hairs that fly ff animals helps children in their breathing system develpment.
13．(2分)What des the underlined wrd “exaccrbating” in paragraph 1 best mean?
A．Wrsening.B．Damaging.
C．Imprving.D．Benefiting.
14．(2分)What agrees with the result f the recent research?
A．Kids ver 3 will have mre fd allergies.
B．Hamsters cause the mst allergies t children.
C．All pet wnership will nt reduce fd allergies.
D．Cat wners are less likely t be allergic than dg wners.
15．(2分)What is the authr’s attitude t the PLOS One study?
A．Satisfied.B．Objective.
C．Dubtful.D．Uncncerned.
16．(2分)What is a best title fr the text?
A．Benefits brught by raising animals
B．Pet wnership making kids healthier
C．Researches n different fd allergies
D．Dgs and cats reducing kids’ allergies
（本题8分）When children are grwing up, what they see in their families is what they tend t cnsider nrmal. That means family traditins and ther activities are generally seen as just nrmal. If a family eats dinner tgether r spends time talking with each ther, that’s what the child absrbs and internalizes.
Our family traditins are declining as we mve tward a mre islated (孤立的) sciety. Hw many families n lnger share meals arund the dinner table, instead chsing t watch TV r text friends n their phnes? This tends t islate and discnnect family members frm each ther. It als stps families frm cmmunicating and catching up n each ther’s lives.
Fr thse f us wh grew up in a husehld where families shared meals tgether and spent time talking with each ther, chances are that we are passing alng thse traditins t ur wn families. The prblem is, children tday ften want t spend their time in frnt f screens rather than peple. Cell phnes, cmputers and ther attentin-grabbing devices ften mean parents get resistance t traditinal family tgetherness time. This pressure can lead t parents giving in and letting children d what they want rather than fight with them ver sitting at the dinner table. This creates a new nrmal that n lnger values the idea f families and the sciety at large, cnnecting with each ther.
Family and cmmunity traditins are imprtant, nt just fr the current shared experiences, but fr the future as well. Since children internalize their experiences, that means generatins t cme may nt knw what it’s like t sit tgether arund the dinner table and truly cnnect as a family.
That is why it is s imprtant that parents and caregivers create bundaries f behavir that help t keep family traditins alive. If yu remember the shared experiences yu had with yur parents and grandparents, yu knw the imprtant bnding that tk place during thse times. It is this shared experience that brings peple clser tgether and is well wrth preserving.
17．(2分)What is the phenmenn the authr describes at the beginning f the text?
A．The increase in shared family meals means a shift twards islatin.
B．Increased use f technlgy replaces traditinal family interactins.
C．Mre and mre children prefer t spend quality time with the family.
D．Family members are mre likely t share their updates with each ther.
18．(2分)What is the central cncern expressed in paragraph 3?
A．The inability f parents t understand technlgy.
B．The challenge f preserving traditinal family values.
C．The influence f technlgy n children’s educatin.
D．The necessity f cntrlling children’s digital devices.
19．(2分)What can be inferred abut future generatins if current trends cntinue?
A．They will be mre addicted t advanced technlgy.
B．They will maintain strnger and clser family bnds.
C．They may create new and irreplaceable family traditins.
D．They may nt understand the value f family gatherings.
20．(2分)Hw des the authr view the rle f parents in preserving family traditins?
A．InsignificantB．Irrespnsible
C．CrucialD．Overemphasized
（本题10分）Emtinal energy is a relatively new term t describe ur vitality (活力). 21(2分) If we feel that sme situatins drain (耗尽) us, then it’s because they take away all ur vitality in matters that are insignificant, but nes that d require effrt. They’re situatins that nly distract us frm what’ s truly imprtant, and frm the things that enrich us. Let’s learn t identify them and avid them.
Arguments abut insignificant issues
A debate is a great pprtunity t present yur wn pints f view and learn frm ther’s pinins. Hwever, smething very different happens when tw peple get int a pintless argument. 22(2分)
Gssip
23(2分) This srt f curisity is n mre than a sign f a lack f identity. Whever gssips abut thers lks fr themselves in ther peple. The thing is, they just can’t find themselves.
Wrrying ver and ver again
One f the situatins that drain ur emtinal energy is unstppable dubt. This is when we think and think but nly cme up with “ifs” and “buts”. We try t find the right answer r make the right decisin just by reflectin. 24(2分)
Need fr apprval
We’re cnstantly trying t get ther peple’s apprval. 25(2分) Instead f investing time t explre wh we are, whether thers like us r nt, we just spend ur time ding things that ther peple want us t d. Generally, peple either accept yu r they dn’t, and smetimes fr reasns that are cmpletely beynd yur cntrl.
A．By ding this we’re just cheating urselves.
B．Vitality is the strength that we have befre tiredness sets in.
C．We spend s much time wrrying abut things that it blurs ur visin f life.
D．We g n and n abut the same prblem, withut actually ding anything t slve it.
E．The nly purpse f it is t “beat the ther persn”, and express their wn pints f view.
F．Hwever, we frget that many answers cme nly when we cmbine thught and actin.
G．Sticking ur nses int ther’s private lives, instead f ur wn, drains ur emtinal energy.
第II卷（非选择题）
请点击修改第II卷的文字说明
（本题20分）There is grwing interest in East Japan Railway C. ltd, ne f the six cmpanies, created ut f the privatized natinal railway system. In an industry lacking exciting grwth 26 , its plan t use real-estate assets in and arund train statins 27 is drawing interest.
In a plan called “Statin Renaissance” that it 28 in Nvember, JR East said that it wuld 29 using its cmmercial spaces fr shps and restaurants, extending them t 30 mre suitable fr the infrmatin age. It wants train statins as pick-up 31 fr such gds as bks, flwers and grceries 32 ver the Inter. In a cuntry where city 33 depend heavily n trains 34 cmmuting, abut 16 millin peple a day g t its train statins anyway, the cmpany 35 . S, picking up cmmdities at train statins 36 cnsumers extra travel and missed hme deliveries. JR East already has been using its statin 37 stres fr this purpse, but it plans t create 38 spaces fr the delivery f Inter gds.
The cmpany als plans t intrduce 39 cards—knwn in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit fr 40 infrmatin 41 train tickets and muter passes 42 the magic nes used tday, integrating them int a/an 43 pass. This will save the cmpany mney, because 44 fr IC cards are much less expensive than magic systems. Increased use f IC cards shuld als 45 the space needed fr ticket vending.
26．(1分)A．perspectivesB．utlksC．prspectsD．spectacles
27．(1分)A．creativelyB．riginallyC．authenticallyD．initially
28．(1分)A．displayedB．demnstratedC．embarkedD．unveiled
29．(1分)A．g beyndB．set utC．cme arundD．spread ver
30．(1分)A．applicatinsB．enterprisesC．functinsD．perfrmances
31．(1分)A．districtsB．vicinitiesC．resrtsD．lcatins
32．(1分)A．acquiredB．purchasedC．presidedD．attained
33．(1分)A．ldgersB．tenantsC．dwellersD．barders
34．(1分)A．frB．inC．fD．as
35．(1分)A．figuresB．exhibitsC．cnvincesD．speculates
36．(1分)A．deprivesB．retrievesC．sparesD．exempts
37．(1分)A．cnjunctinB．cnvenienceC．departmentD．rnament
38．(1分)A．delegatedB．designatedC．devtedD．dedicated
39．(1分)A．cleverB．smartC．ingeniusD．intelligent
40．(1分)A．checkingB．gatheringC．hldingD．accmmdating
41．(1分)A．asB．frC．withD．f
42．(1分)A．but frB．as well asC．instead fD．mre than
43．(1分)A．uniqueB．singleC．unitaryD．nly
44．(1分)A．devicesB．instrumentsC．readersD．examiners
45．(1分)A．reduceB．narrwC．dwarfD．shrink
（本题40分）Fill in the blanks with the crrect wrds f this unit based n their first letter and the passage.
The Bay Airline ffers a 46(2分) craft-making vides in their p 47(2分) flights, which arise massively and l 48(2分) take the n-bard passengers’ breath away. Despite a 49(2分) scenery utside, the s 50(2分) in the vides are bund t the h 51(2分) f the flight jurneys including the waxen drilling g 52(2分) and grizzly bears like frzen animals at the p 53(2分) f the Great Muntain Wind. It can be a 54(2分) hw much they will a 55(2分) custmers in the mall if thse things are als shwn there. C 56(2分) t the vides with a 57(2分) , thse n bard p 58(2分) nt t we the passengers but nly t 59(2分) the spectacular craft men like p 60(2分) n matter hw lng it t 61(2分) , hw hard it frsts fr the d 62(2分) n bard. The p 63(2分) , the brder, the harbur, the q 64(2分) , and the s 65(2分) where the planes fly can all witness the sincerity f the Bay Airline.
66．（本题15分）本周你班的主题班会的主题是“T be self-cnfident”，你是班长，请根据下面的提示准备一篇发言稿。
内容包括：
1. 自信的重要性：
2, 从缺乏信心到有自信的转变过程。
注意：1. 词数120左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入总词数）；
2. 可根据内容适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Bys and girls,
Life is but a hard and bitter jurney.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu.
67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My Amazing Brther
Mark was the mst ppular by in his class. He had tp grades, was a star athlete and was everyne's friend. He was s perfect. He als happened t be my little brther.
My brther and I had always been clse, yet I had lng felt inferir(自惭形秽) t him. He just seemed t have everything, I, n the ther hand, was shy with relatively few clse friends, I was sure 95 percent f the class had n idea I even existed,
High schl started. Mark and I were at the same schl; he was a freshman, and I was a senir, We gt clser than ever that year, I didn't knw whether it was the rides t schl when we sang alng t the sngs n the radi, r the fact that we were bth n the swim team,
I helped him with his math prblems, and he read my papers and made sure that they were A+ quality, We listened t CDs every night and danced n the flr. We jked abut ur parents. We even hung ut with each ther at the mvies.
One night, my brther and I were discussing the upcming semi-frmal dance, Mark, f curse, wuld attend it, I hadn't even planned n ging. I never had a friend fr anything and I accepted that nthing was likely t change that. When Mark asked wh I wanted t g with, I was shcked.
"What d yu mean yu're nt ging? Yu have t g, It's yur senir year!" Mark didn't understand why I wasn't ging.
"Well, there's nt ne persn wh wuld want t g with me, " I tld him, using the reasning I'd repeated t myself ver and ver.
"Yu're jking, Care.There isn't anyne in the whle schl that wuld turn yu dwn. ""Hw d yu knw?" I asked, wndering where my brther gt such silly ideas.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
"Because yu're the clest girl in the wrld, " Mark answered.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The rest f the year went by in excitement.
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题号
一
二
三
四
五
总分
得分
评卷人
得分
一、阅读理解（共50分）
评卷人
得分
二、完形填空（共20分）
评卷人
得分
三、短文填空（共40分）
评卷人
得分
四、书信写作（共15分）
评卷人
得分
五、书面表达（共25分）
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C
【导语】
本文是一篇议论文。作者就如何平衡AI不断增长的能源需求和碳排放的压力这一话题展开讨论。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Ding things against facts is a dangerus game, but yu can picture a wrld in which, having chsen t start dealing with climate change prperly in the 1990s, we wuld be just wrapping up the gentle path t net-zer emissins in time fr a rapid AI increase fuelled by green pwer. Instead, we find urselves at risk f running a 21st-century technlgy n a 20th-century energy supply.(违背事实行事是一场危险的游戏，但你可以想象这样一个世界：在20世纪90年代选择开始正确应对气候变化后，我们就在及时结束实现净零排放的温和道路，以实现绿色能源推动的人工智能快速增长。相反，我们发现自己面临着在20世纪的能源供应上运行21世纪技术的风险。)”可知，人类自20世纪90年代就致力于应对气候变化，本应及时达到净零排放，实现绿色能源推动的人工智能的快速增长，而事实却是，我们发现自己处于使用20世纪的能源来驱动21世纪的科技的危险境地，由此可推测出，现实并不是我们期待的那样。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If yu live in the US, every time yu use an AI mdel, arund 20 per cent f the electricity required will be prduced by burning cal. The explsive grwth f AI makes this an even mre pressing cncern.(如果你住在美国，每次使用人工智能模型，所需电力的20%左右将通过燃烧煤炭产生。人工智能的爆炸式增长使这成为一个更加紧迫的问题。)”可知，AI产品越多，用电就越多，煤炭燃烧就越多，这是一个很紧迫的问题。故选A。
3．词义猜测题。上一段中的“Accrding t ne analysis, if Ggle chse t shift t an entirely AI-pwered search business, its electricity cnsumptin culd match that f sme cuntries.(根据一项分析，如果谷歌选择转向完全由人工智能驱动的搜索业务，其耗电量可能与一些国家相当。)”提到如果谷歌转变为全部由AI驱动的搜索引擎业务，它的电消耗估计比得上一些国家的电消耗量了。再结合画线词所在句中的“but evidence f rising pwer cnsumptin frm AI is all arund(但人工智能电消耗上升的证据无处不在)”可知，此处表示这样的估计有点夸张，但是问题确实存在。magnify意为“放大”，与verstate意思最接近。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The questin nw is whether we can quicken the pace f decarbnisatin (脱碳) t match the cming grwth in energy cnsumptin as AI becmes increasingly rted in ur sciety.(现在的问题是，随着人工智能越来越植根于我们的社会，我们能否加快脱碳步伐，以适应即将到来的能源消耗增长。)”可知，在我们达到拐点之前，我们首要的任务是加快脱碳的步伐，以适应能源消耗的快速上升，即在急需能源的人工智能和脱碳之间寻求平衡。故选C。
5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。音乐的情感效果是世界各地一个新兴研究领域的主题。加州大学的研究人员试图弄清楚人们在听音乐时的感受是否都一样。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“The ability f music t evke (唤起) specific, ften pwerful feelings is n secret t anyne wh has listened t Gustav Mahler’s “Symphny N. 5”, Billie Hliday’s “Gd Bless the Child”, the Ramnes’ “I Wanna Be Sedated”, Lizz’s “Gd as Hell” r any f the ther cuntless cmpsitins that have fund their way nt Western playlists in the past few centuries.( 对于那些听过古斯塔夫·马勒(Gustav Mahler)的《第五交响曲》、比莉·霍乐迪(Billie Hliday)的《上帝保佑孩子》、雷蒙斯(Ramnes)的《我想要镇静》、利佐(Lizz)的《好得像地狱》(Gd as Hell)或其他在过去几个世纪里进入西方播放列表的无数作品的人来说，音乐唤起特定的、通常是强烈的感情的能力已经不是什么秘密了。)”可知，第一段主要使用列举事实的说明方法来说明音乐的情感效果的，故答案为A。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In a recent set f experiments, researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and their clleagues sught t determine if the feelings that peple experience when listening t music “shw evidence f universality”. (在最近的一系列实验中，加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员和他们的同事试图确定人们在听音乐时的感受是否“显示出普遍性”。)”可知，研究的目的是为了判断人们在听音乐时的感受是否显示出普遍性。故答案为C。
7．细节理解题。根据第五段“In the first experiment, subjects listened t Western music samples (each f which was just five secnds lng) and reprted n the specific feelings they evked, chsing respnses frm a list f 28 ‘categries f subjective experience’ prvided by the researchers.( 在第一个实验中，受试者听西方音乐样本(每个问题只有5秒钟长)，并从研究人员提供的28种“主观体验类别”中选择回答，报告他们所唤起的具体感受。)”可知，在第一个实验中，受试者从研究人员的列表中勾选他们的感受。故答案为D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“They are als the subject f a fast-grwing field f research arund the wrld in which scientists are explring the nature f the many “subjective experiences”—such as jy, sadness, anxiety and calmness—that music evkes.(它们也是世界上一个快速发展的研究领域的主题，科学家们正在探索音乐所唤起的许多“主观体验”的本质——比如快乐、悲伤、焦虑和平静。)”和第三段的“In a recent set f experiments, researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and their clleagues sught t determine if the feelings that peple experience when listening t music “shw evidence f universality”.(在最近的一系列实验中，加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员和他们的同事试图确定人们在听音乐时的感受是否“显示出普遍性”。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍一项研究，加州大学的研究人员试图弄清楚人们在听音乐时的感受是否都一样，因此推断A项“一首悲伤的歌对每个人来说都是悲伤的吗？”为最佳标题，与主旨相符。故答案为A。
9．A 10．A 11．D 12．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表示，一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否会促使个人做出环保行为。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Kimin Em, a psychlgical scientist f the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara, was inspired t investigate the links between culture, envirnmental cncern, and envirnmental actin after nticing that bth public discussin and academic research n envirnmental behavir typically fcus n peple frm Western cuntries.(加州大学圣芭芭拉分校的心理科学家Kimin Em注意到，关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上，因此受到启发，开始调查文化、环境关注和环境行动之间的联系。)”可知，Kimin Em注意到之前关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上，由此可推测出，这些研究的对象具有局限性。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“On the ther hand, believing that a large percentage f peple engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs was assciated with making ec-friendly chices amng Japanese participants, but nt American participants.(另一方面，在日本参与者中，相信很大一部分人进行环保行为与做出环保选择有关，但在美国参与者中则不然。)”可知，在日本参与者当中，当他们相信有很大一部分人做出了环保行为，他们也会做出环保选择。由此可推测出，当一个日本人看到许多其他人采取环保行动，那么他也会这么做。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our research suggests that scientists, plicymakers, and activists need t understand hw culture shapes the psychlgical factrs f actin t develp plicies, campaigns, and interventins(干预) that address imprtant scial issues.(我们的研究表明，科学家、政策制定者和活动家需要了解文化如何塑造行动的心理因素，以制定解决重要社会问题的政策、运动和干预措施。)”可推测出，该研究为促进公众参与解决社会问题提供了见解。故选D。
12．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段“The specific cultural values f a cuntry may determine whether cncern abut envirnmental issues actually leads individuals t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs, accrding t research published in Psychlgical Science.(根据发表在《心理科学》上的研究，一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定对环境问题的关注是否真的会导致个人进行环保行为。)”引出主题，即一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否真的会促使个人做出环保行动，所以C项“激励生态友好行为取决于文化价值观”最适合作本文标题。故选C。
13．A 14．C 15．B 16．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了研究发现小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低，但是同一时期接触仓鼠的儿童患坚果过敏的风险增加。研究还发现，接触农场的泥土、灰尘和从动物身上飞出来的各种细毛有助于儿童呼吸系统的发育。
13．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段的划线句“Yet when it cmes t cnditins like allergies (过敏), we tend t think f pet wnership as exacerbating, nt alleviating them.（然而，当涉及到过敏等情况时，我们往往认为养宠物会……，而不是缓解过敏。）”，句中划线词后“nt alleviating them”可知，划线词与后文为反义，故划线词意为“加剧”符合题意，与A选项同义。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The study, published Wednesday, fund that children raised with cats and dgs early in life had a 13 t 16 % lwer risk f develping all fd allergies than thse wh did nt wn pets.（周三发表的这项研究发现，小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低；再根据文章第四段第二句“ Indeed, the same research fund that children expsed t hamsters during this same perid had an increased risk f nut allergies.（事实上，同样的研究发现，在同一时期接触仓鼠的儿童患坚果过敏的风险增加。）”可推断，并不是所有宠物的饲养都会降低食物过敏。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据根据第二段第二句“The study, published Wednesday, fund that children raised with cats and dgs early in life had a 13 t 16 % lwer risk f develping all fd allergies than thse wh did nt wn pets.（周三发表的这项研究发现，小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低13%到16%。）”及文章最后一段第一句“In additin t adding t the grwing bdy f scientific literature abut pets and human health, the PLOS One als reinfrces earlier research abut the rle f the envirnment in develping allergies.（除了为越来越多的关于宠物和人类健康的科学文献增添新的内容外，《公共科学图书馆·综合》还加强了早期关于环境在过敏中所起作用的研究。）”可知，全文只是陈述《公共科学图书馆•综合》研究的内容，可推断，作者的态度是客观的。故选B。
16．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第二段第二句“The study, published Wednesday, fund that children raised with cats and dgs early in life had a 13 t 16 % lwer risk f develping all fd allergies than thse wh did nt wn pets.（周三发表的这项研究发现，小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，狗和猫减少孩子的过敏。故选D。
17．B 18．B 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了家庭传统在当今社会中日益减少的问题，强调了家庭和社区传统的重要性，并呼吁父母和照顾者制定行为边界，以保持这些传统的活力。
17．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When children are grwing up, what they see in their families is what they tend t cnsider nrmal. That means family traditins and ther activities are generally seen as just nrmal. If a family eats dinner tgether r spends time talking with each ther, that’s what the child absrbs and internalizes. (当孩子们长大后，他们在家里看到的是他们认为正常的东西。这意味着家庭传统和其他活动通常被视为正常。如果一家人一起吃晚饭，或者花时间互相交谈，孩子就会吸收和内化这些东西。)”和第二段中“Our family traditins are declining as we mve tward a mre islated (孤立的) sciety. Hw many families n lnger share meals arund the dinner table, instead chsing t watch TV r text friends n their phnes? This tends t islate and discnnect family members frm each ther. It als stps families frm cmmunicating and catching up n each ther’s lives. (随着我们走向一个更加孤立的社会，我们的家庭传统正在衰落。有多少家庭不再围坐在餐桌旁吃饭，而是选择看电视或用手机给朋友发短信?这往往会使家庭成员彼此孤立和疏远。它还阻止了家庭之间的交流和了解彼此的生活。)”可知，作者在文章开篇描述了诸如电视、手机之类的科技替代了传统的家庭互动。故选B项。
18．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The prblem is, children tday ften want t spend their time in frnt f screens rather than peple. Cell phnes, cmputers and ther attentin-grabbing devices ften mean parents get resistance t traditinal family tgetherness time. This pressure can lead t parents giving in and letting children d what they want rather than fight with them ver sitting at the dinner table. This creates a new nrmal that n lnger values the idea f families and the sciety at large, cnnecting with each ther. (问题是，现在的孩子们经常想把时间花在屏幕前，而不是人。手机、电脑和其他吸引注意力的设备往往意味着父母会抵制传统的家庭团聚时间。这种压力会导致父母让步，让孩子做他们想做的事，而不是和他们争夺餐桌上的座位。这创造了一种新的常态，不再重视家庭和整个社会相互联系的观念。)”可知，段中表达的担忧孩子们不再重视家庭和整个社会相互联系，这是传统的家庭价值观面对的来自科技的挑战。故选B项。
19．
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Since children internalize their experiences, that means generatins t cme may nt knw what it’s like t sit tgether arund the dinner table and truly cnnect as a family. (由于孩子们内化了他们的经历，这意味着后代可能不知道围坐在餐桌旁、真正像一家人一样交流是什么感觉。)”可推知，如果目前的趋势继续下去，未来几代人将不理解围坐在餐桌旁、真正像一家人一样交流是什么感觉，不理解家庭聚会的价值。故选D项。
20．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“That is why it is s imprtant that parents and caregivers create bundaries f behavir that help t keep family traditins alive. (这就是为什么父母和监护人为保持家庭传统设定行为界限是如此重要)”可知，作者认为父母在维护家庭传统方面起着至关重要的作用。故选C项。
21．B 22．E 23．G 24．F 25．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了如何识别并避免那些消耗我们情感能量的情况，包括无意义的争论、说闲话、反复忧虑和渴望得到认可等。
21．上文“Emtinal energy is a relatively new term t describe ur vitality (活力). (情感能量是一个相对较新的术语，用来描述我们的活力)”提到情感能量与活力的关系，B项“Vitality is the strength that we have befre tiredness sets in.(活力是我们在疲劳到来之前所拥有的力量)”承接上文，进一步补充信息，解释什么是活力；下文文中“Vitality”是关键词。故选B项。
22．上文“A debate is a great pprtunity t present yur wn pints f view and learn frm ther’s pinins. Hwever, smething very different happens when tw peple get int a pintless argument.(辩论是一个很好的机会来展示自己的观点，并从别人的观点中学习。然而，当两个人陷入一场毫无意义的争论时，事情就完全不同了)”指出当辩论变成争论情况就完全不一样了，E项“The nly purpse f it is t “beat the ther persn”, and express their wn pints f view.(它的唯一目的是“击败对方”，并表达自己的观点)”承接上文，说明争论只是为了获胜，不像辩论，还可以从别人的观点中学习，句中代词“it”提代上文“a pintless argument”，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
23．根据小标题“Gssip(说闲话)”可知，本段讲说闲话的影响。G项“Sticking ur nses int ther’s private lives, instead f ur wn, drains ur emtinal energy.(干涉别人的私人生活，而不是自己的，会耗尽我们的情感能量)”说明说闲话会耗尽我们的情感能量，与本段主题一致，句中“Sticking ur nses int ther’s private lives”与标题“Gssip”相照应。故选G项。
24．上文“We try t find the right answer r make the right decisin just by reflectin.(我们试图通过深思来找到正确的答案或做出正确的决定)”指出我们试图通过思考来找到答案，F项“Hwever, we frget that many answers cme nly when we cmbine thught and actin.(然而，我们忘记了许多答案只有当我们把思考和行动结合起来时才会出现)”与上文构成转折关系，说明思考要与行动相结合才能找到正确的答案，句中“answers”与上文“the right answer”相照应。故选F项。
25．上文“We’re cnstantly trying t get ther peple’s apprval.(我们总是试图得到别人的认可)”指出试图得到别人的认可是我们一直在做的事。A项“By ding this we’re just cheating urselves.(这样做，我们只是在欺骗自己)”指出这样做的问题，句中“this”指代上文中“t get ther peple’s apprval”，同时下文“Generally, peple either accept yu r they dn’t, and smetimes fr reasns that are cmpletely beynd yur cntrl.(一般来说，人们是否认可你，有时是因为你完全无法控制的原因)”对A项作出解释，说明别人是否认可是无法掌控的，所以我们的做法是自欺欺人。故选A项。
26．C 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．A 36．C 37．B 38．D 39．B 40．C 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家日本公司于11月公布的名为“车站复兴”的计划，该公司宣布将不再局限于将其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅，而是扩展到更适合信息时代的功能用途上。这一战略转变反映了JR East公司在寻求传统铁路运输业务之外的增长点，以及对城市空间综合开发利用的深刻洞察。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样一个缺乏令人兴奋的发展前景的行业中，其创新性地利用火车站及周边房地产资产的计划正在引起人们的兴趣。A. perspectives角度；B. utlks见解；观点；C. prspects前景；成功的希望；D. spectacles壮观的景象。根据空前“lacking exciting grwth”可知，这个行业缺乏发展前景。故选C。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这样一个缺乏令人兴奋的发展前景的行业中，其创新性地利用火车站及周边房地产资产的计划正在引起人们的兴趣。A. creatively创造性地；B. riginally起初；C. authentically真实地；D. initially最初。根据空前“its plan t use real-estate assets in and arund train statins”可知，利用火车站及周边房地产资产的计划是有创造性的。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在JR East公司于11月揭幕的名为“车站复兴”的计划中，该公司宣布将不再局限于将其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅，而是扩展到更适合信息时代的功能用途上。A. displayed展示；B. demnstrated证明；C. embarked上船；D. unveiled揭幕。根据下文“JR East said that it wuld ___4___ using its cmmercial spaces fr shps and restaurants, extending them t ___5____mre suitable fr the infrmatin age.”可知，JR East公司于11月揭幕了名为“车站复兴”的计划。故选D。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在JR East公司于11月揭幕的名为“车站复兴”的计划中，该公司宣布将不再局限于将其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅，而是扩展到更适合信息时代的功能用途上。A. g beynd超出；B. set ut出发；C. cme arund发生；D. spread ver分散。根据下文“extending them t ___5____mre suitable fr the infrmatin age.”可知，该公司将超出其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅的限制。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在JR East公司于11月揭幕的名为“车站复兴”的计划中，该公司宣布将不再局限于将其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅，而是扩展到更适合信息时代的功能上。A. applicatins申请；B. enterprises企业；C. functins功能；D. perfrmances表演。根据下文“It wants train statins as pick-up ___6___ fr such gds as bks, flwers and grceries ____7____ ver the Inter.”可知，该公司想要扩展更多的功能。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司希望将火车站打造成网上购买商品如书籍、鲜花和杂货等的提货地点。A. districts地区；B. vicinities邻近地区；C. resrts度假胜地；D. lcatins地点。根据空前“It wants train statins aspick-up”可知，把火车站作为一个提货地点。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司希望将火车站打造成网上购买商品如书籍、鲜花和杂货等的提货地点。A. acquired获得；B. purchased购买；C. presided主持；D. attained获得。根据空后“ver the Inter”可知，是从网上购买这些商品。故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司数据显示，在一个城市居民严重依赖火车通勤的国家，每天约有1600万人前往火车站。A. ldgers房客；B. tenants租户；C. dwellers居民；D. barders寄宿生。根据空后“depend heavily n trains ___9___ cmmuting,”可知，是在一个城市居民严重依赖火车通勤的国家。故选C。
34．考查介词词义辨析。句意：该公司数据显示，在一个城市居民严重依赖火车通勤的国家，每天约有1600万人前往火车站。A. fr用于；B. in在……里；C. f属于；D. as作为。根据空前“depend heavily n trains”可知，城市居民主要依赖火车来通勤。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司数据显示，在一个城市居民严重依赖火车通勤的国家，每天约有1600万人前往火车站。A. figures计算；B. exhibits展示；C. cnvinces说服；D. speculates推测。根据上文“abut 16 millin peple a day g t its train statins anyway”可知，这个数字是公司计算得出的。故选A。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在火车站提货可以让消费者省去额外的旅行和错过送货上门的机会。A. deprives剥夺；B. retrieves检索；C. spares省得；免去；D. exempts豁免。根据空后“cnsumers extra travel and missed hme deliveries.”可知，在火车站提货可以让消费者省去额外的旅行和错过送货上门的机会。故选C。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：JR East已经将其车站便利店用于此目的，但它计划创建专门的空间来运送Inter商品。A. cnjunctin结合；B. cnvenience方便；便捷；C. department部门；D. rnament装饰品。cnvenience stres“便利店”为固定搭配。故选B。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：JR East已经将其车站便利店用于此目的，但它计划创建专门的空间来运送Inter商品。A. delegated被授予的；B. designated指定的；C. devted忠诚的；D. dedicated专用的。根据空后“fr the delivery f Inter gds.”可知，JR East公司计划创建专门的空间来运送Inter商品。故选D。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. clever聪明的；B. smart智能的；C. ingenius精巧的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据下文“because they use integrated circuit fr ___15___ infrmatin ___16____train tickets and muter passes”可知，该公司计划推出的是智能卡。故选B。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. checking检查；B. gathering收集；C. hlding保存；D. accmmdating提供住宿。根据空前“they use integrated circuit fr”及空后“infrmatin”可知，它们使用集成电路来保存信息。故选C。
41．考查介词词义辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. as作为；B. fr为了；C. with有；D. f属于。根据空后“train tickets and muter passes ”可知，智能卡可以作为火车票和静音通行证。故选A。
42．考查介词短语辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. but fr要不是；B. as well as还有；C. instead f代替，而不是；D. mre than不仅仅。根据空后“the magic nes used tday”可知，该公司推行智能卡来代替现在使用的魔法卡。故选C。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. unique独特的；B. single单个的；C. unitary统一的；D. nly唯一的。根据空前“integrating them int”可知，智能卡将车票和静音通行证等整合到一张通行证中。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此举将为公司节省资金，因为IC卡读卡器的成本远低于魔术系统。A. devices设备；B. instruments仪器；C. readers读卡器；D. examiners审查员。根据空后“fr IC cards”可知，此处说的是IC卡的读卡器。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：增加IC卡的使用也应该能减少售票所需的空间。A. reduce减少；B. narrw变窄；C. dwarf使显得矮小；D. shrink收缩。根据空后“the space needed fr ticket vending”可知，增加IC卡的使用也应该能减少售票所需的空间。故选A。
46．antique/ntique 47．pleasant/leasant 48．literall/iterally 49．awesme/wesme 50．spectaculars /pectaculars 51．highlight/ighlight 52．gats/ats 53．peak/eak 54．anticipated/nticipated 55．astnish/stnish 56．Cntrary/ntrary 57．advertisements/dvertisements 58．prceed/rceed 59．tast/ast 60．phtgraphers/htgraphers 61．thunders/hunders 62．duratin/uratin 63．prairie/rairie 64．quarry/uarry 65．shre/hre
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了海湾航空公司的航班上的关于鼓舞的工艺制作视频，以及沿途的风景。
46．考查名词。句意：海湾航空公司在其令人愉快的航班上提供古物的工艺制作的视频，这些视频大量出现，真的让机上乘客叹为观止。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词antique，意为“古物，古董”，作定语。故填antique。
47．考查形容词。句意：海湾航空公司在其令人愉快的航班上提供古董工艺品制作视频，这些视频大量出现，真的让机上乘客叹为观止。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用形容词pleasant，意为“令人愉快的，惬意的”，修饰名词flights，作定语。故填pleasant。
48．考查副词。句意：海湾航空公司在其令人愉快的航班上提供古董工艺品制作视频，这些视频大量出现，真的让机上乘客叹为观止。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用副词literally，意为“真正地，确实地”，修饰动词短语take the n-bard passengers’ breath away，作状语。故填literally。
49．考查形容词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山的山顶上的蜡钻山羊和像冰冻动物一样的灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用形容词awesme，意为“让人惊叹的，令人敬畏的；极佳的”，作定语修饰名词scenery。故填awesme。
50．考查名词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山的山顶上的蜡钻山羊和像冰冻动物一样的灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词spectacular，意为“壮观场面”，谓语动词为are，应用名词复数spectaculars，作主语。故填spectaculars。
51．考查名词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山的山顶上的像冰冻动物一样的苍白的山羊和灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词highlight，意为“最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分”，作t的宾语。故填highlight。
52．考查形容词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山的山顶上的像冰冻动物一样的苍白的山羊和灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词gat，意为“山羊”，与grizzly bears并列，作including的宾语，应用复数形式。故填gats。
53．考查形容词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山风的山顶上的蜡钻山羊和像冰冻动物一样的灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词peak，意为“巅峰，顶点；山顶”，at the peak f，意为“在……山顶上”。故填peak。
54．考查动词。句意：可以预见的是，如果这些东西也出现在商场里，他们会给顾客带来多大的震惊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词anticipate，意为“预料，预见”，作谓语动词，句子为含有情态动词的被动语态，应用动词的过去分词anticipated，故填anticipated。
55．考查动词。句意：可以预见的是，如果这些东西也出现在商场里，他们会给顾客带来多大的震惊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词astnish，意为“使吃惊，使惊讶”，作谓语动词，句子考查“情态动词+动词原形”，故填astnish。
56．考查形容词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用形容词cntrary，此处考查短语cntrary t，意为“与……相反”，作状语，设空处在句首，单词首字母大写。故填Cntrary。
57．考查名词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词advertisement，意为“广告”，应用名词复数，作t的宾语。故填advertisements。
58．考查动词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词prceed，意为“继续做（或从事、进行）”，为谓语动词，本文陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为thse，谓语动词用动词原形。故填prceed。
59．考查动词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词tast，意为“为……举杯敬酒，为……干杯”，此处考查连词，故设空处与we并列，用动词原形，省略t。故填tast。
60．考查名词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用复数名词phtgraphers，意为“摄影师；摄像师”，作like的宾语。故填phtgraphers。
61．考查动词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词thunder，意为“打雷”，在n matter hw lng引导的让步状语从句中作谓语动词，本文陈述客观事实，故此处也用一般现在时，主语为it，故填动词的第三人称单数，故填thunders。
62．考查名词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词duratin，fr the duratin意为“在整段时间内”。故填duratin。
63．考查名词。句意：草原、边疆、港口、采石场、飞机飞过的海岸，都能见证海湾航空的真诚。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词prairie，意为“草原”，与the brder, the harbur, the l 19 , and the s 20 where the planes fly并列，作主语。故填prairie。
64．考查名词。句意：草原、边疆、港口、采石场、飞机飞过的海岸，都能见证海湾航空的真诚。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词quarry，意为“采石场”，与The p 18 , the brder, the harbur, 以及the s 20 where the planes fly一起，作并列主语。故填quarry。
65．考查名词。句意：草原、边疆、港口、采石场、飞机飞过的海岸，都能见证海湾航空的真诚。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词shre，意为“海岸”，与 The p 18 , the brder, the harbur, the l 19 一起，作并列主语。故填shre。
66．Bys and girls,
Life is but a hard and bitter jurney. Therefre, I’d like t say, “N matter what happens, be self-cnfident”.
I still remember that when I just entered this high schl, I suffered a lt f stress, and even dared nt answer the teacher’s questins in class, and was afraid t speak in public.
Later, smething happened that changed my life. An English speech cntest was t be held in my class. Our English teacher, Ms. Lin, persuaded me t participate, saying that she had cnfidence in me and believed I culd make it. I chse a tpic a bit challenging fr me — Self-cnfidence and Success. I wrte dwn what I had t say and kept reciting it. With the teacher’s encuragement, I wn a prize. Since then, I feel strngly that self-cnfidence is the first step t success. S, my friends, be self-cnfident and yu’ll make it.
Thank yu.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生根据下面的提示准备一篇发言稿。内容包括：1. 自信的重要性：2, 从缺乏信心到有自信的转变过程。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因此：therefre→hence
压力：stress→pressure
比赛：cntest→cmpetitin
选择：chse→select
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I chse a tpic a bit challenging fr me — Self-cnfidence and Success.
拓展句：I chse a tpic that is a bit challenging fr me — Self-cnfidence and Success.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Therefre, I’d like t say, “N matter what happens, be self-cnfident”. (运用了“n matter what”引导的让步状语从句)
[高分句型2] I still remember that when I just entered this high schl, I suffered a lt f stress, and even dared nt answer the teacher’s questins in class, and was afraid t speak in public. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
67．"Because yu're the clest girl in the wrld," Mark answered. I laughed, thinking he was just being silly. But then he said, "Seriusly, Care. Yu're smart, funny, and kind. Yu're an amazing swimmer and a great friend. Why wuldn't anyne want t g with yu?" What he said made me realize that maybe I wasn't as invisible as I thught I was. Maybe I had been t hard n myself all these years and frgt what I really was.
The rest f the year went by in excitement. The next day at schl, I decided t ask smene t the dance. T my surprise, she said yes! We had a great time at the dance, and I even wn a prize fr the best dance mves. Frm that mment n, I started t see myself in a different light. Little by little, I began t believe in myself and my abilities. Every time I see my brther’s smile, I like t say: yu are right because I was really the clest girl in the wrld."
【导语】
本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了作者与其弟弟马克之间的深厚情谊。作者认为马克很优秀，自行惭秽，没有自信，没有朋友，因此作者不想参加即将来临的半正式舞会，马克鼓励作者参加，从此作者改变了对自己的看法，重新审视自己。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““因为你是世界上最酷的女孩，”马克回答道。”可知，第一段可描写作者起初以为弟弟马克的话只是开玩笑，但他随后认真地说出作者的诸多优点，使作者意识到自己可能并不像自己想象的那样被人忽视。这些年来，作者可能对自己过于苛刻，忘记了真实的自己，马克的话让作者开始重新审视自己的价值。
②由第二段首句内容“剩余的一年里，我们都在兴奋中度过。”可知，第二段可描写作者鼓起勇气邀请同学参加舞会并成功得到肯定，在舞会上度过愉快的时光并赢得最佳舞姿奖。这一经历让作者开始以新的视角看待自己，逐渐相信自己的能力和价值。
2.续写线索：感到诧异——听到马克罗列自己的优点——改变对自己的看法——主动邀请同学——得到肯定——舞会上很愉快——以新的视角看待自己——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想要：want t/ have a desire fr
②对……严格：be hard n/ exact a high price frm
③看见：see/spt/catch sight f
情绪类
①处于兴奋状态：be in excitement /be in a state f thrill
②让我感到吃惊的是：t my surprise/ much t my astnishment
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I laughed, thinking he was just being silly.（使用了现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2]. What he said made me realize that maybe I wasn't as invisible as I thught I was.（使用了连接代词what引导的主语从句和that引导的宾语从句，引导的比较状语从句）
英语试卷
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
请点击修改第I卷的文字说明
（本题8分）It is a strange cincidence(巧合) that as humanity attempts t greatly reduce its carbn emissins(排放), it is als rushing t develp a technlgy that culd, in thery, cnsume an unlimited amunt f energy.
Ding things against facts is a dangerus game, but yu can picture a wrld in which, having chsen t start dealing with climate change prperly in the 1990s, we wuld be just wrapping up the gentle path t net-zer emissins in time fr a rapid AI increase fuelled by green pwer. Instead, we find urselves at risk f running a 21st-century technlgy n a 20th-century energy supply.
If yu live in the US, every time yu use an AI mdel, arund 20 per cent f the electricity required will be prduced by burning cal. The explsive grwth f AI makes this an even mre pressing cncern. Accrding t ne analysis, if Ggle chse t shift t an entirely AI-pwered search business, its electricity cnsumptin culd match that f sme cuntries.
Such estimates may be magnified, but evidence f rising pwer cnsumptin frm AI is all arund. Micrsft is placing bets n nuclear plants t pwer its data centres, while the English gvernment has prmised t bst its natinal cmputing capacity by 50 per cent by 2025, which wuld help it keep pace with rapid AI develpments in the wrld.
Thankfully, we may sn reach a turning pint. As is reprted, this year the glbal pwer department came clse t reaching peak greenhuse gas emissins, as the switch frm fssil(化石) fuels t clean and renewable surces is well underway. The questin nw is whether we can quicken the pace f decarbnisatin (脱碳) t match the cming grwth in energy cnsumptin as AI becmes increasingly rted in ur sciety. Silicn Valley’s intelligent machines may grab the headlines and the imaginatin, but the peple really inventing the future are wrking in the energy department.
1．(2分)What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A．Carbn emissins have been reduced a lt.
B．The reality is far frm what we expected.
C．The rapid AI increase brings many benefits.
D．Climate change pses a threat t green electricity supply.
2．(2分)Why is electricity cnsumptin a majr cncern?
A．Mre AI mdels mean burning mre cal.
B．Many cuntries turn t nuclear plants fr pwer.
C．There is a lack f ban n tech-giants’ electricity cnsumptin.
D．Ggle’s electricity cnsumptin equals that f sme cuntries.
3．(2分)What des the underlined wrd “magnified” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Overstated.B．Undervalued.C．Cmmn.D．Reasnable.
4．(2分)What wuld be ur primary task befre we reach a turning pint?
A．Shifting t a fully AI-pwered search business.
B．Achieving net-zer emissins as sn as pssible.
C．Balancing energy-hungry AI with decarbnisatin.
D．Creating an unlimited energy-cnsuming technlgy.
（本题8分）The ability f music t evke (唤起) specific, ften pwerful feelings is n secret t anyne wh has listened t Gustav Mahler’s “Symphny N. 5”, Billie Hliday’s “Gd Bless the Child”, the Ramnes’ “I Wanna Be Sedated”, Lizz’s “Gd as Hell” r any f the ther cuntless cmpsitins that have fund their way nt Western playlists in the past few centuries.
The emtinal effects f music are the pint, f curse. They are als the subject f a fast-grwing field f research arund the wrld in which scientists are explring the nature f the many “subjective experiences”—such as jy, sadness, anxiety and calmness—that music evkes.
In a recent set f experiments, researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and their clleagues sught t determine if the feelings that peple experience when listening t music “shw evidence f universality”. They cmpared and analyzed hw mre than 2,800 U.S. and Chinese study participants respnded t 2,168 (mstly Western) samples f instrumental music. The team identified 13 distinct and very specific feelings that the Chinese and U.S. subjects shared when listening t music, despite their cultural differences.
The music used in the research, described in the paper as “the richest set f Western music samples ever studied,” included classical, pp, rck, indie, hip-hp, R&B, cuntry, film sundtracks, and mre. An additinal 189 sample f traditinal Chinese music was als used. In all, the researchers gathered 375,230 judgments f the samples frm the study participants.
In the first experiment, subjects listened t Western music samples (each f which was just five secnds lng) and reprted n the specific feelings they evked, chsing respnses frm a list f 28 “categries f subjective experience” prvided by the researchers. Terms n the list included “victrius/heric”, “sad/depressing”, “jyful/cheerful”, “awe-inspiring/amazing” and “dreamy”. The team then used data-driven statistical mdeling t identify the 13 shared experiences. The secnd experiment, which included the Chinese music, invlved brad evaluatins f the samples by participants—such as whether the subjects liked r disliked them r fund them exciting r nt. A central finding f the study, the researchers write, is that specific feelings “drive the experience f music” mre than the brader features.
5．(2分)Hw des the authr mainly develp paragraph 1?
A．By stating a series f facts.
B．By making an assumptin.
C．By cmparing varius sngs.
D．By explaining sme sng terms.
6．(2分)What is the purpse f the study n Americans and the Chinese?
A．T examine their music taste.
B．T present musical traditins.
C．T identify universal feelings f music.
D．T cmpare Eastern and Western cultures.
7．(2分)What were the participants asked t d in the first experiment?
A．Share their experiences with each ther.
B．Take dwn different styles f the sngs.
C．Retell what they heard in the music terms.
D．Tick what they feel frm a list by the researchers.
8．(2分)What can be the best title f the text?
A．Is a Sad Sng Sad fr Everyne?
B．What Makes a Sng S Tuching?
C．Des All Mdern Pp Music Sund the Same?
D．What D Yu Blame fr Yur Pr Musical Taste?
（本题8分）The specific cultural values f a cuntry may determine whether cncern abut envirnmental issues actually leads individuals t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs, accrding t research published in Psychlgical Science.
Kimin Em, a psychlgical scientist f the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara, was inspired t investigate the links between culture, envirnmental cncern, and envirnmental actin after nticing that bth public discussin and academic research n envirnmental behavir typically fcus n peple frm Western cuntries. It is wrth nticing because Western cuntries tend t have cultural values that priritize individuals’ wn attitudes and beliefs and encurage expressin f them.
“The thery seemed t be that nce individuals are led t believe in the urgency f envirnmental issues and have strnger cncerns abut sustainability (持续性), they will change and act t address the issues,” explains Em. But this relatinship might nt hld fr individuals living in mre cllectivistic (集体主义的) scieties, which place mre emphasis n scial harmny and unifrmity than n self-expressin, Em and his team assumed.
T examine what drives envirnmental actin in individualistic and cllectivistic cultures, the researchers cnducted a study with participants frm the United States (an individualistic culture) and Japan (a cllectivistic culture). They fund envirnmental cncern was clsely cnnected with envirnmental behavir — in this case, chsing envirnmentally friendly prducts — but nly amng American participants. On the ther hand, believing that a large percentage f peple engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs was assciated with making ec-friendly chices amng Japanese participants, but nt American participants.
The findings suggest that persnal cncerns are mre likely t mtivate peple t take envirnmental actin if they live in individualistic cuntries, while scial nrms (准则) are mre likely t drive peple t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavir if they live in cllectivistic cuntries.
“Getting citizens actively engaged is critical t addressing urgent scial challenges, such as climate change,” says Em. “Our research suggests that scientists, plicymakers, and activists need t understand hw culture shapes the psychlgical factrs f actin t develp plicies, campaigns, and interventins (干预) that address imprtant scial issues.”
9．(2分)What des Em find abut previus research n envirnmental behavir?
A．Its study participants are t limited.
B．Its results need a while t be achieved.
C．It priritizes individuals’ attitudes and beliefs.
D．It draws much evidence frm public discussin.
10．(2分)Under which cnditin will a Japanese man mst likely take envirnmental actin?
A．If he sees many thers d s.
B．If he is affected by cllectivistic values.
C．If he mves t an individualistic cuntry.
D．If he wrries abut the envirnment persnally.
11．(2分)What des Em say abut their research in the last paragraph?
A．It fails t take participants’ psychlgical factrs int accunt.
B．It encurages scientists and plicymakers t make jint effrts.
C．It has a further study directin twards urgent scial challenges.
D．It prvides insights int prmting public engagement in scial issues.
12．(2分)What is the best title fr the text?
A．Scial Nrms Play a Part in Addressing Pllutin
B．Envirnmental Issues Originate frm Natinal Cultures
C．Mtivating Ec-Friendly Behavirs Depends n Cultural Values
D．Mre Envirnmental Cncerns Usually Mean Mre Green Actin
（本题8分）There are well-dcumented mental health benefits t pet wnership, as much research has shwn. Indeed, we knw there are sme physical benefits as well, as dg wners tend t have mre active lifestyles. Yet when it cmes t cnditins like allergies (过敏), we tend t think f pet wnership as exacerbating, nt alleviating them.
Hence, a recent study published in the jurnal PLOS One might cme as a surprise. The study, published Wednesday, fund that children raised with cats and dgs early in life had a 13 t 16 % lwer risk f develping all fd allergies than thse wh did nt wn pets.
The researchers engaged in a detailed survey, studying 65,000 children. They fund that children wh were expsed t dgs either during fetal (胎儿) develpment, r up t the age f 3 years ld were less likely t have nut, milk and egg allergies.
This wasn’t true fr ther pets that weren’t cats and dgs. Indeed, the same research fund that children expsed t hamsters during this same perid had an increased risk f nut allergies. Yet children wh were expsed t cats during their early years were likewise less likely t develp specific allergies — namely, allergies t wheat, sybean and egg.
While the study is nt the final wrd n the issue — the researchers nte “further studies using ral fd challenges are required t mre accurately assess the incident f fd allergies” — it reinfrces preexisting research n the seemingly funny ways that cats influence human develpment.
In additin t adding t the grwing bdy f scientific literature abut pets and human health, the PLOS One als reinfrces earlier research abut the rle f the envirnment in develping allergies. The research repeatedly fund that expsure t farmyard dirt, dust and the varius fine hairs that fly ff animals helps children in their breathing system develpment.
13．(2分)What des the underlined wrd “exaccrbating” in paragraph 1 best mean?
A．Wrsening.B．Damaging.
C．Imprving.D．Benefiting.
14．(2分)What agrees with the result f the recent research?
A．Kids ver 3 will have mre fd allergies.
B．Hamsters cause the mst allergies t children.
C．All pet wnership will nt reduce fd allergies.
D．Cat wners are less likely t be allergic than dg wners.
15．(2分)What is the authr’s attitude t the PLOS One study?
A．Satisfied.B．Objective.
C．Dubtful.D．Uncncerned.
16．(2分)What is a best title fr the text?
A．Benefits brught by raising animals
B．Pet wnership making kids healthier
C．Researches n different fd allergies
D．Dgs and cats reducing kids’ allergies
（本题8分）When children are grwing up, what they see in their families is what they tend t cnsider nrmal. That means family traditins and ther activities are generally seen as just nrmal. If a family eats dinner tgether r spends time talking with each ther, that’s what the child absrbs and internalizes.
Our family traditins are declining as we mve tward a mre islated (孤立的) sciety. Hw many families n lnger share meals arund the dinner table, instead chsing t watch TV r text friends n their phnes? This tends t islate and discnnect family members frm each ther. It als stps families frm cmmunicating and catching up n each ther’s lives.
Fr thse f us wh grew up in a husehld where families shared meals tgether and spent time talking with each ther, chances are that we are passing alng thse traditins t ur wn families. The prblem is, children tday ften want t spend their time in frnt f screens rather than peple. Cell phnes, cmputers and ther attentin-grabbing devices ften mean parents get resistance t traditinal family tgetherness time. This pressure can lead t parents giving in and letting children d what they want rather than fight with them ver sitting at the dinner table. This creates a new nrmal that n lnger values the idea f families and the sciety at large, cnnecting with each ther.
Family and cmmunity traditins are imprtant, nt just fr the current shared experiences, but fr the future as well. Since children internalize their experiences, that means generatins t cme may nt knw what it’s like t sit tgether arund the dinner table and truly cnnect as a family.
That is why it is s imprtant that parents and caregivers create bundaries f behavir that help t keep family traditins alive. If yu remember the shared experiences yu had with yur parents and grandparents, yu knw the imprtant bnding that tk place during thse times. It is this shared experience that brings peple clser tgether and is well wrth preserving.
17．(2分)What is the phenmenn the authr describes at the beginning f the text?
A．The increase in shared family meals means a shift twards islatin.
B．Increased use f technlgy replaces traditinal family interactins.
C．Mre and mre children prefer t spend quality time with the family.
D．Family members are mre likely t share their updates with each ther.
18．(2分)What is the central cncern expressed in paragraph 3?
A．The inability f parents t understand technlgy.
B．The challenge f preserving traditinal family values.
C．The influence f technlgy n children’s educatin.
D．The necessity f cntrlling children’s digital devices.
19．(2分)What can be inferred abut future generatins if current trends cntinue?
A．They will be mre addicted t advanced technlgy.
B．They will maintain strnger and clser family bnds.
C．They may create new and irreplaceable family traditins.
D．They may nt understand the value f family gatherings.
20．(2分)Hw des the authr view the rle f parents in preserving family traditins?
A．InsignificantB．Irrespnsible
C．CrucialD．Overemphasized
（本题10分）Emtinal energy is a relatively new term t describe ur vitality (活力). 21(2分) If we feel that sme situatins drain (耗尽) us, then it’s because they take away all ur vitality in matters that are insignificant, but nes that d require effrt. They’re situatins that nly distract us frm what’ s truly imprtant, and frm the things that enrich us. Let’s learn t identify them and avid them.
Arguments abut insignificant issues
A debate is a great pprtunity t present yur wn pints f view and learn frm ther’s pinins. Hwever, smething very different happens when tw peple get int a pintless argument. 22(2分)
Gssip
23(2分) This srt f curisity is n mre than a sign f a lack f identity. Whever gssips abut thers lks fr themselves in ther peple. The thing is, they just can’t find themselves.
Wrrying ver and ver again
One f the situatins that drain ur emtinal energy is unstppable dubt. This is when we think and think but nly cme up with “ifs” and “buts”. We try t find the right answer r make the right decisin just by reflectin. 24(2分)
Need fr apprval
We’re cnstantly trying t get ther peple’s apprval. 25(2分) Instead f investing time t explre wh we are, whether thers like us r nt, we just spend ur time ding things that ther peple want us t d. Generally, peple either accept yu r they dn’t, and smetimes fr reasns that are cmpletely beynd yur cntrl.
A．By ding this we’re just cheating urselves.
B．Vitality is the strength that we have befre tiredness sets in.
C．We spend s much time wrrying abut things that it blurs ur visin f life.
D．We g n and n abut the same prblem, withut actually ding anything t slve it.
E．The nly purpse f it is t “beat the ther persn”, and express their wn pints f view.
F．Hwever, we frget that many answers cme nly when we cmbine thught and actin.
G．Sticking ur nses int ther’s private lives, instead f ur wn, drains ur emtinal energy.
第II卷（非选择题）
请点击修改第II卷的文字说明
（本题20分）There is grwing interest in East Japan Railway C. ltd, ne f the six cmpanies, created ut f the privatized natinal railway system. In an industry lacking exciting grwth 26 , its plan t use real-estate assets in and arund train statins 27 is drawing interest.
In a plan called “Statin Renaissance” that it 28 in Nvember, JR East said that it wuld 29 using its cmmercial spaces fr shps and restaurants, extending them t 30 mre suitable fr the infrmatin age. It wants train statins as pick-up 31 fr such gds as bks, flwers and grceries 32 ver the Inter. In a cuntry where city 33 depend heavily n trains 34 cmmuting, abut 16 millin peple a day g t its train statins anyway, the cmpany 35 . S, picking up cmmdities at train statins 36 cnsumers extra travel and missed hme deliveries. JR East already has been using its statin 37 stres fr this purpse, but it plans t create 38 spaces fr the delivery f Inter gds.
The cmpany als plans t intrduce 39 cards—knwn in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit fr 40 infrmatin 41 train tickets and muter passes 42 the magic nes used tday, integrating them int a/an 43 pass. This will save the cmpany mney, because 44 fr IC cards are much less expensive than magic systems. Increased use f IC cards shuld als 45 the space needed fr ticket vending.
26．(1分)A．perspectivesB．utlksC．prspectsD．spectacles
27．(1分)A．creativelyB．riginallyC．authenticallyD．initially
28．(1分)A．displayedB．demnstratedC．embarkedD．unveiled
29．(1分)A．g beyndB．set utC．cme arundD．spread ver
30．(1分)A．applicatinsB．enterprisesC．functinsD．perfrmances
31．(1分)A．districtsB．vicinitiesC．resrtsD．lcatins
32．(1分)A．acquiredB．purchasedC．presidedD．attained
33．(1分)A．ldgersB．tenantsC．dwellersD．barders
34．(1分)A．frB．inC．fD．as
35．(1分)A．figuresB．exhibitsC．cnvincesD．speculates
36．(1分)A．deprivesB．retrievesC．sparesD．exempts
37．(1分)A．cnjunctinB．cnvenienceC．departmentD．rnament
38．(1分)A．delegatedB．designatedC．devtedD．dedicated
39．(1分)A．cleverB．smartC．ingeniusD．intelligent
40．(1分)A．checkingB．gatheringC．hldingD．accmmdating
41．(1分)A．asB．frC．withD．f
42．(1分)A．but frB．as well asC．instead fD．mre than
43．(1分)A．uniqueB．singleC．unitaryD．nly
44．(1分)A．devicesB．instrumentsC．readersD．examiners
45．(1分)A．reduceB．narrwC．dwarfD．shrink
（本题40分）Fill in the blanks with the crrect wrds f this unit based n their first letter and the passage.
The Bay Airline ffers a 46(2分) craft-making vides in their p 47(2分) flights, which arise massively and l 48(2分) take the n-bard passengers’ breath away. Despite a 49(2分) scenery utside, the s 50(2分) in the vides are bund t the h 51(2分) f the flight jurneys including the waxen drilling g 52(2分) and grizzly bears like frzen animals at the p 53(2分) f the Great Muntain Wind. It can be a 54(2分) hw much they will a 55(2分) custmers in the mall if thse things are als shwn there. C 56(2分) t the vides with a 57(2分) , thse n bard p 58(2分) nt t we the passengers but nly t 59(2分) the spectacular craft men like p 60(2分) n matter hw lng it t 61(2分) , hw hard it frsts fr the d 62(2分) n bard. The p 63(2分) , the brder, the harbur, the q 64(2分) , and the s 65(2分) where the planes fly can all witness the sincerity f the Bay Airline.
66．（本题15分）本周你班的主题班会的主题是“T be self-cnfident”，你是班长，请根据下面的提示准备一篇发言稿。
内容包括：
1. 自信的重要性：
2, 从缺乏信心到有自信的转变过程。
注意：1. 词数120左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好（不计入总词数）；
2. 可根据内容适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Bys and girls,
Life is but a hard and bitter jurney.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank yu.
67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My Amazing Brther
Mark was the mst ppular by in his class. He had tp grades, was a star athlete and was everyne's friend. He was s perfect. He als happened t be my little brther.
My brther and I had always been clse, yet I had lng felt inferir(自惭形秽) t him. He just seemed t have everything, I, n the ther hand, was shy with relatively few clse friends, I was sure 95 percent f the class had n idea I even existed,
High schl started. Mark and I were at the same schl; he was a freshman, and I was a senir, We gt clser than ever that year, I didn't knw whether it was the rides t schl when we sang alng t the sngs n the radi, r the fact that we were bth n the swim team,
I helped him with his math prblems, and he read my papers and made sure that they were A+ quality, We listened t CDs every night and danced n the flr. We jked abut ur parents. We even hung ut with each ther at the mvies.
One night, my brther and I were discussing the upcming semi-frmal dance, Mark, f curse, wuld attend it, I hadn't even planned n ging. I never had a friend fr anything and I accepted that nthing was likely t change that. When Mark asked wh I wanted t g with, I was shcked.
"What d yu mean yu're nt ging? Yu have t g, It's yur senir year!" Mark didn't understand why I wasn't ging.
"Well, there's nt ne persn wh wuld want t g with me, " I tld him, using the reasning I'd repeated t myself ver and ver.
"Yu're jking, Care.There isn't anyne in the whle schl that wuld turn yu dwn. ""Hw d yu knw?" I asked, wndering where my brther gt such silly ideas.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
"Because yu're the clest girl in the wrld, " Mark answered.
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The rest f the year went by in excitement.
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题号
一
二
三
四
五
总分
得分
评卷人
得分
一、阅读理解（共50分）
评卷人
得分
二、完形填空（共20分）
评卷人
得分
三、短文填空（共40分）
评卷人
得分
四、书信写作（共15分）
评卷人
得分
五、书面表达（共25分）
参考答案：
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C
【导语】
本文是一篇议论文。作者就如何平衡AI不断增长的能源需求和碳排放的压力这一话题展开讨论。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Ding things against facts is a dangerus game, but yu can picture a wrld in which, having chsen t start dealing with climate change prperly in the 1990s, we wuld be just wrapping up the gentle path t net-zer emissins in time fr a rapid AI increase fuelled by green pwer. Instead, we find urselves at risk f running a 21st-century technlgy n a 20th-century energy supply.(违背事实行事是一场危险的游戏，但你可以想象这样一个世界：在20世纪90年代选择开始正确应对气候变化后，我们就在及时结束实现净零排放的温和道路，以实现绿色能源推动的人工智能快速增长。相反，我们发现自己面临着在20世纪的能源供应上运行21世纪技术的风险。)”可知，人类自20世纪90年代就致力于应对气候变化，本应及时达到净零排放，实现绿色能源推动的人工智能的快速增长，而事实却是，我们发现自己处于使用20世纪的能源来驱动21世纪的科技的危险境地，由此可推测出，现实并不是我们期待的那样。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If yu live in the US, every time yu use an AI mdel, arund 20 per cent f the electricity required will be prduced by burning cal. The explsive grwth f AI makes this an even mre pressing cncern.(如果你住在美国，每次使用人工智能模型，所需电力的20%左右将通过燃烧煤炭产生。人工智能的爆炸式增长使这成为一个更加紧迫的问题。)”可知，AI产品越多，用电就越多，煤炭燃烧就越多，这是一个很紧迫的问题。故选A。
3．词义猜测题。上一段中的“Accrding t ne analysis, if Ggle chse t shift t an entirely AI-pwered search business, its electricity cnsumptin culd match that f sme cuntries.(根据一项分析，如果谷歌选择转向完全由人工智能驱动的搜索业务，其耗电量可能与一些国家相当。)”提到如果谷歌转变为全部由AI驱动的搜索引擎业务，它的电消耗估计比得上一些国家的电消耗量了。再结合画线词所在句中的“but evidence f rising pwer cnsumptin frm AI is all arund(但人工智能电消耗上升的证据无处不在)”可知，此处表示这样的估计有点夸张，但是问题确实存在。magnify意为“放大”，与verstate意思最接近。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The questin nw is whether we can quicken the pace f decarbnisatin (脱碳) t match the cming grwth in energy cnsumptin as AI becmes increasingly rted in ur sciety.(现在的问题是，随着人工智能越来越植根于我们的社会，我们能否加快脱碳步伐，以适应即将到来的能源消耗增长。)”可知，在我们达到拐点之前，我们首要的任务是加快脱碳的步伐，以适应能源消耗的快速上升，即在急需能源的人工智能和脱碳之间寻求平衡。故选C。
5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。音乐的情感效果是世界各地一个新兴研究领域的主题。加州大学的研究人员试图弄清楚人们在听音乐时的感受是否都一样。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“The ability f music t evke (唤起) specific, ften pwerful feelings is n secret t anyne wh has listened t Gustav Mahler’s “Symphny N. 5”, Billie Hliday’s “Gd Bless the Child”, the Ramnes’ “I Wanna Be Sedated”, Lizz’s “Gd as Hell” r any f the ther cuntless cmpsitins that have fund their way nt Western playlists in the past few centuries.( 对于那些听过古斯塔夫·马勒(Gustav Mahler)的《第五交响曲》、比莉·霍乐迪(Billie Hliday)的《上帝保佑孩子》、雷蒙斯(Ramnes)的《我想要镇静》、利佐(Lizz)的《好得像地狱》(Gd as Hell)或其他在过去几个世纪里进入西方播放列表的无数作品的人来说，音乐唤起特定的、通常是强烈的感情的能力已经不是什么秘密了。)”可知，第一段主要使用列举事实的说明方法来说明音乐的情感效果的，故答案为A。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In a recent set f experiments, researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and their clleagues sught t determine if the feelings that peple experience when listening t music “shw evidence f universality”. (在最近的一系列实验中，加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员和他们的同事试图确定人们在听音乐时的感受是否“显示出普遍性”。)”可知，研究的目的是为了判断人们在听音乐时的感受是否显示出普遍性。故答案为C。
7．细节理解题。根据第五段“In the first experiment, subjects listened t Western music samples (each f which was just five secnds lng) and reprted n the specific feelings they evked, chsing respnses frm a list f 28 ‘categries f subjective experience’ prvided by the researchers.( 在第一个实验中，受试者听西方音乐样本(每个问题只有5秒钟长)，并从研究人员提供的28种“主观体验类别”中选择回答，报告他们所唤起的具体感受。)”可知，在第一个实验中，受试者从研究人员的列表中勾选他们的感受。故答案为D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“They are als the subject f a fast-grwing field f research arund the wrld in which scientists are explring the nature f the many “subjective experiences”—such as jy, sadness, anxiety and calmness—that music evkes.(它们也是世界上一个快速发展的研究领域的主题，科学家们正在探索音乐所唤起的许多“主观体验”的本质——比如快乐、悲伤、焦虑和平静。)”和第三段的“In a recent set f experiments, researchers at the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and their clleagues sught t determine if the feelings that peple experience when listening t music “shw evidence f universality”.(在最近的一系列实验中，加州大学伯克利分校的研究人员和他们的同事试图确定人们在听音乐时的感受是否“显示出普遍性”。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍一项研究，加州大学的研究人员试图弄清楚人们在听音乐时的感受是否都一样，因此推断A项“一首悲伤的歌对每个人来说都是悲伤的吗？”为最佳标题，与主旨相符。故答案为A。
9．A 10．A 11．D 12．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表示，一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否会促使个人做出环保行为。
9．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Kimin Em, a psychlgical scientist f the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara, was inspired t investigate the links between culture, envirnmental cncern, and envirnmental actin after nticing that bth public discussin and academic research n envirnmental behavir typically fcus n peple frm Western cuntries.(加州大学圣芭芭拉分校的心理科学家Kimin Em注意到，关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上，因此受到启发，开始调查文化、环境关注和环境行动之间的联系。)”可知，Kimin Em注意到之前关于环境行为的公众讨论和学术研究通常都集中在西方国家的人身上，由此可推测出，这些研究的对象具有局限性。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“On the ther hand, believing that a large percentage f peple engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs was assciated with making ec-friendly chices amng Japanese participants, but nt American participants.(另一方面，在日本参与者中，相信很大一部分人进行环保行为与做出环保选择有关，但在美国参与者中则不然。)”可知，在日本参与者当中，当他们相信有很大一部分人做出了环保行为，他们也会做出环保选择。由此可推测出，当一个日本人看到许多其他人采取环保行动，那么他也会这么做。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our research suggests that scientists, plicymakers, and activists need t understand hw culture shapes the psychlgical factrs f actin t develp plicies, campaigns, and interventins(干预) that address imprtant scial issues.(我们的研究表明，科学家、政策制定者和活动家需要了解文化如何塑造行动的心理因素，以制定解决重要社会问题的政策、运动和干预措施。)”可推测出，该研究为促进公众参与解决社会问题提供了见解。故选D。
12．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段“The specific cultural values f a cuntry may determine whether cncern abut envirnmental issues actually leads individuals t engage in envirnmentally friendly behavirs, accrding t research published in Psychlgical Science.(根据发表在《心理科学》上的研究，一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定对环境问题的关注是否真的会导致个人进行环保行为。)”引出主题，即一个国家的特定文化价值观可能决定人们对环境问题的关注是否真的会促使个人做出环保行动，所以C项“激励生态友好行为取决于文化价值观”最适合作本文标题。故选C。
13．A 14．C 15．B 16．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了研究发现小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低，但是同一时期接触仓鼠的儿童患坚果过敏的风险增加。研究还发现，接触农场的泥土、灰尘和从动物身上飞出来的各种细毛有助于儿童呼吸系统的发育。
13．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段的划线句“Yet when it cmes t cnditins like allergies (过敏), we tend t think f pet wnership as exacerbating, nt alleviating them.（然而，当涉及到过敏等情况时，我们往往认为养宠物会……，而不是缓解过敏。）”，句中划线词后“nt alleviating them”可知，划线词与后文为反义，故划线词意为“加剧”符合题意，与A选项同义。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“The study, published Wednesday, fund that children raised with cats and dgs early in life had a 13 t 16 % lwer risk f develping all fd allergies than thse wh did nt wn pets.（周三发表的这项研究发现，小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低；再根据文章第四段第二句“ Indeed, the same research fund that children expsed t hamsters during this same perid had an increased risk f nut allergies.（事实上，同样的研究发现，在同一时期接触仓鼠的儿童患坚果过敏的风险增加。）”可推断，并不是所有宠物的饲养都会降低食物过敏。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据根据第二段第二句“The study, published Wednesday, fund that children raised with cats and dgs early in life had a 13 t 16 % lwer risk f develping all fd allergies than thse wh did nt wn pets.（周三发表的这项研究发现，小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低13%到16%。）”及文章最后一段第一句“In additin t adding t the grwing bdy f scientific literature abut pets and human health, the PLOS One als reinfrces earlier research abut the rle f the envirnment in develping allergies.（除了为越来越多的关于宠物和人类健康的科学文献增添新的内容外，《公共科学图书馆·综合》还加强了早期关于环境在过敏中所起作用的研究。）”可知，全文只是陈述《公共科学图书馆•综合》研究的内容，可推断，作者的态度是客观的。故选B。
16．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第二段第二句“The study, published Wednesday, fund that children raised with cats and dgs early in life had a 13 t 16 % lwer risk f develping all fd allergies than thse wh did nt wn pets.（周三发表的这项研究发现，小时候和猫狗一起长大的孩子患各种食物过敏的风险比没有养宠物的孩子低13%到16%。）”可知，狗和猫减少孩子的过敏。故选D。
17．B 18．B 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了家庭传统在当今社会中日益减少的问题，强调了家庭和社区传统的重要性，并呼吁父母和照顾者制定行为边界，以保持这些传统的活力。
17．
细节理解题。根据第一段中“When children are grwing up, what they see in their families is what they tend t cnsider nrmal. That means family traditins and ther activities are generally seen as just nrmal. If a family eats dinner tgether r spends time talking with each ther, that’s what the child absrbs and internalizes. (当孩子们长大后，他们在家里看到的是他们认为正常的东西。这意味着家庭传统和其他活动通常被视为正常。如果一家人一起吃晚饭，或者花时间互相交谈，孩子就会吸收和内化这些东西。)”和第二段中“Our family traditins are declining as we mve tward a mre islated (孤立的) sciety. Hw many families n lnger share meals arund the dinner table, instead chsing t watch TV r text friends n their phnes? This tends t islate and discnnect family members frm each ther. It als stps families frm cmmunicating and catching up n each ther’s lives. (随着我们走向一个更加孤立的社会，我们的家庭传统正在衰落。有多少家庭不再围坐在餐桌旁吃饭，而是选择看电视或用手机给朋友发短信?这往往会使家庭成员彼此孤立和疏远。它还阻止了家庭之间的交流和了解彼此的生活。)”可知，作者在文章开篇描述了诸如电视、手机之类的科技替代了传统的家庭互动。故选B项。
18．
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The prblem is, children tday ften want t spend their time in frnt f screens rather than peple. Cell phnes, cmputers and ther attentin-grabbing devices ften mean parents get resistance t traditinal family tgetherness time. This pressure can lead t parents giving in and letting children d what they want rather than fight with them ver sitting at the dinner table. This creates a new nrmal that n lnger values the idea f families and the sciety at large, cnnecting with each ther. (问题是，现在的孩子们经常想把时间花在屏幕前，而不是人。手机、电脑和其他吸引注意力的设备往往意味着父母会抵制传统的家庭团聚时间。这种压力会导致父母让步，让孩子做他们想做的事，而不是和他们争夺餐桌上的座位。这创造了一种新的常态，不再重视家庭和整个社会相互联系的观念。)”可知，段中表达的担忧孩子们不再重视家庭和整个社会相互联系，这是传统的家庭价值观面对的来自科技的挑战。故选B项。
19．
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Since children internalize their experiences, that means generatins t cme may nt knw what it’s like t sit tgether arund the dinner table and truly cnnect as a family. (由于孩子们内化了他们的经历，这意味着后代可能不知道围坐在餐桌旁、真正像一家人一样交流是什么感觉。)”可推知，如果目前的趋势继续下去，未来几代人将不理解围坐在餐桌旁、真正像一家人一样交流是什么感觉，不理解家庭聚会的价值。故选D项。
20．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“That is why it is s imprtant that parents and caregivers create bundaries f behavir that help t keep family traditins alive. (这就是为什么父母和监护人为保持家庭传统设定行为界限是如此重要)”可知，作者认为父母在维护家庭传统方面起着至关重要的作用。故选C项。
21．B 22．E 23．G 24．F 25．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了如何识别并避免那些消耗我们情感能量的情况，包括无意义的争论、说闲话、反复忧虑和渴望得到认可等。
21．上文“Emtinal energy is a relatively new term t describe ur vitality (活力). (情感能量是一个相对较新的术语，用来描述我们的活力)”提到情感能量与活力的关系，B项“Vitality is the strength that we have befre tiredness sets in.(活力是我们在疲劳到来之前所拥有的力量)”承接上文，进一步补充信息，解释什么是活力；下文文中“Vitality”是关键词。故选B项。
22．上文“A debate is a great pprtunity t present yur wn pints f view and learn frm ther’s pinins. Hwever, smething very different happens when tw peple get int a pintless argument.(辩论是一个很好的机会来展示自己的观点，并从别人的观点中学习。然而，当两个人陷入一场毫无意义的争论时，事情就完全不同了)”指出当辩论变成争论情况就完全不一样了，E项“The nly purpse f it is t “beat the ther persn”, and express their wn pints f view.(它的唯一目的是“击败对方”，并表达自己的观点)”承接上文，说明争论只是为了获胜，不像辩论，还可以从别人的观点中学习，句中代词“it”提代上文“a pintless argument”，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
23．根据小标题“Gssip(说闲话)”可知，本段讲说闲话的影响。G项“Sticking ur nses int ther’s private lives, instead f ur wn, drains ur emtinal energy.(干涉别人的私人生活，而不是自己的，会耗尽我们的情感能量)”说明说闲话会耗尽我们的情感能量，与本段主题一致，句中“Sticking ur nses int ther’s private lives”与标题“Gssip”相照应。故选G项。
24．上文“We try t find the right answer r make the right decisin just by reflectin.(我们试图通过深思来找到正确的答案或做出正确的决定)”指出我们试图通过思考来找到答案，F项“Hwever, we frget that many answers cme nly when we cmbine thught and actin.(然而，我们忘记了许多答案只有当我们把思考和行动结合起来时才会出现)”与上文构成转折关系，说明思考要与行动相结合才能找到正确的答案，句中“answers”与上文“the right answer”相照应。故选F项。
25．上文“We’re cnstantly trying t get ther peple’s apprval.(我们总是试图得到别人的认可)”指出试图得到别人的认可是我们一直在做的事。A项“By ding this we’re just cheating urselves.(这样做，我们只是在欺骗自己)”指出这样做的问题，句中“this”指代上文中“t get ther peple’s apprval”，同时下文“Generally, peple either accept yu r they dn’t, and smetimes fr reasns that are cmpletely beynd yur cntrl.(一般来说，人们是否认可你，有时是因为你完全无法控制的原因)”对A项作出解释，说明别人是否认可是无法掌控的，所以我们的做法是自欺欺人。故选A项。
26．C 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．A 36．C 37．B 38．D 39．B 40．C 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一家日本公司于11月公布的名为“车站复兴”的计划，该公司宣布将不再局限于将其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅，而是扩展到更适合信息时代的功能用途上。这一战略转变反映了JR East公司在寻求传统铁路运输业务之外的增长点，以及对城市空间综合开发利用的深刻洞察。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样一个缺乏令人兴奋的发展前景的行业中，其创新性地利用火车站及周边房地产资产的计划正在引起人们的兴趣。A. perspectives角度；B. utlks见解；观点；C. prspects前景；成功的希望；D. spectacles壮观的景象。根据空前“lacking exciting grwth”可知，这个行业缺乏发展前景。故选C。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这样一个缺乏令人兴奋的发展前景的行业中，其创新性地利用火车站及周边房地产资产的计划正在引起人们的兴趣。A. creatively创造性地；B. riginally起初；C. authentically真实地；D. initially最初。根据空前“its plan t use real-estate assets in and arund train statins”可知，利用火车站及周边房地产资产的计划是有创造性的。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在JR East公司于11月揭幕的名为“车站复兴”的计划中，该公司宣布将不再局限于将其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅，而是扩展到更适合信息时代的功能用途上。A. displayed展示；B. demnstrated证明；C. embarked上船；D. unveiled揭幕。根据下文“JR East said that it wuld ___4___ using its cmmercial spaces fr shps and restaurants, extending them t ___5____mre suitable fr the infrmatin age.”可知，JR East公司于11月揭幕了名为“车站复兴”的计划。故选D。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在JR East公司于11月揭幕的名为“车站复兴”的计划中，该公司宣布将不再局限于将其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅，而是扩展到更适合信息时代的功能用途上。A. g beynd超出；B. set ut出发；C. cme arund发生；D. spread ver分散。根据下文“extending them t ___5____mre suitable fr the infrmatin age.”可知，该公司将超出其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅的限制。故选A。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在JR East公司于11月揭幕的名为“车站复兴”的计划中，该公司宣布将不再局限于将其商业空间用于传统的店铺和餐厅，而是扩展到更适合信息时代的功能上。A. applicatins申请；B. enterprises企业；C. functins功能；D. perfrmances表演。根据下文“It wants train statins as pick-up ___6___ fr such gds as bks, flwers and grceries ____7____ ver the Inter.”可知，该公司想要扩展更多的功能。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司希望将火车站打造成网上购买商品如书籍、鲜花和杂货等的提货地点。A. districts地区；B. vicinities邻近地区；C. resrts度假胜地；D. lcatins地点。根据空前“It wants train statins aspick-up”可知，把火车站作为一个提货地点。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司希望将火车站打造成网上购买商品如书籍、鲜花和杂货等的提货地点。A. acquired获得；B. purchased购买；C. presided主持；D. attained获得。根据空后“ver the Inter”可知，是从网上购买这些商品。故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：该公司数据显示，在一个城市居民严重依赖火车通勤的国家，每天约有1600万人前往火车站。A. ldgers房客；B. tenants租户；C. dwellers居民；D. barders寄宿生。根据空后“depend heavily n trains ___9___ cmmuting,”可知，是在一个城市居民严重依赖火车通勤的国家。故选C。
34．考查介词词义辨析。句意：该公司数据显示，在一个城市居民严重依赖火车通勤的国家，每天约有1600万人前往火车站。A. fr用于；B. in在……里；C. f属于；D. as作为。根据空前“depend heavily n trains”可知，城市居民主要依赖火车来通勤。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司数据显示，在一个城市居民严重依赖火车通勤的国家，每天约有1600万人前往火车站。A. figures计算；B. exhibits展示；C. cnvinces说服；D. speculates推测。根据上文“abut 16 millin peple a day g t its train statins anyway”可知，这个数字是公司计算得出的。故选A。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在火车站提货可以让消费者省去额外的旅行和错过送货上门的机会。A. deprives剥夺；B. retrieves检索；C. spares省得；免去；D. exempts豁免。根据空后“cnsumers extra travel and missed hme deliveries.”可知，在火车站提货可以让消费者省去额外的旅行和错过送货上门的机会。故选C。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：JR East已经将其车站便利店用于此目的，但它计划创建专门的空间来运送Inter商品。A. cnjunctin结合；B. cnvenience方便；便捷；C. department部门；D. rnament装饰品。cnvenience stres“便利店”为固定搭配。故选B。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：JR East已经将其车站便利店用于此目的，但它计划创建专门的空间来运送Inter商品。A. delegated被授予的；B. designated指定的；C. devted忠诚的；D. dedicated专用的。根据空后“fr the delivery f Inter gds.”可知，JR East公司计划创建专门的空间来运送Inter商品。故选D。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. clever聪明的；B. smart智能的；C. ingenius精巧的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据下文“because they use integrated circuit fr ___15___ infrmatin ___16____train tickets and muter passes”可知，该公司计划推出的是智能卡。故选B。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. checking检查；B. gathering收集；C. hlding保存；D. accmmdating提供住宿。根据空前“they use integrated circuit fr”及空后“infrmatin”可知，它们使用集成电路来保存信息。故选C。
41．考查介词词义辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. as作为；B. fr为了；C. with有；D. f属于。根据空后“train tickets and muter passes ”可知，智能卡可以作为火车票和静音通行证。故选A。
42．考查介词短语辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. but fr要不是；B. as well as还有；C. instead f代替，而不是；D. mre than不仅仅。根据空后“the magic nes used tday”可知，该公司推行智能卡来代替现在使用的魔法卡。故选C。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该公司还计划推出智能卡——在日本被称为IC卡，因为它们使用集成电路来保存信息充当火车票和静音通行证，代替现在使用的魔法卡，将它们集成到一张通行证中。A. unique独特的；B. single单个的；C. unitary统一的；D. nly唯一的。根据空前“integrating them int”可知，智能卡将车票和静音通行证等整合到一张通行证中。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此举将为公司节省资金，因为IC卡读卡器的成本远低于魔术系统。A. devices设备；B. instruments仪器；C. readers读卡器；D. examiners审查员。根据空后“fr IC cards”可知，此处说的是IC卡的读卡器。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：增加IC卡的使用也应该能减少售票所需的空间。A. reduce减少；B. narrw变窄；C. dwarf使显得矮小；D. shrink收缩。根据空后“the space needed fr ticket vending”可知，增加IC卡的使用也应该能减少售票所需的空间。故选A。
46．antique/ntique 47．pleasant/leasant 48．literall/iterally 49．awesme/wesme 50．spectaculars /pectaculars 51．highlight/ighlight 52．gats/ats 53．peak/eak 54．anticipated/nticipated 55．astnish/stnish 56．Cntrary/ntrary 57．advertisements/dvertisements 58．prceed/rceed 59．tast/ast 60．phtgraphers/htgraphers 61．thunders/hunders 62．duratin/uratin 63．prairie/rairie 64．quarry/uarry 65．shre/hre
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了海湾航空公司的航班上的关于鼓舞的工艺制作视频，以及沿途的风景。
46．考查名词。句意：海湾航空公司在其令人愉快的航班上提供古物的工艺制作的视频，这些视频大量出现，真的让机上乘客叹为观止。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词antique，意为“古物，古董”，作定语。故填antique。
47．考查形容词。句意：海湾航空公司在其令人愉快的航班上提供古董工艺品制作视频，这些视频大量出现，真的让机上乘客叹为观止。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用形容词pleasant，意为“令人愉快的，惬意的”，修饰名词flights，作定语。故填pleasant。
48．考查副词。句意：海湾航空公司在其令人愉快的航班上提供古董工艺品制作视频，这些视频大量出现，真的让机上乘客叹为观止。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用副词literally，意为“真正地，确实地”，修饰动词短语take the n-bard passengers’ breath away，作状语。故填literally。
49．考查形容词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山的山顶上的蜡钻山羊和像冰冻动物一样的灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用形容词awesme，意为“让人惊叹的，令人敬畏的；极佳的”，作定语修饰名词scenery。故填awesme。
50．考查名词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山的山顶上的蜡钻山羊和像冰冻动物一样的灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词spectacular，意为“壮观场面”，谓语动词为are，应用名词复数spectaculars，作主语。故填spectaculars。
51．考查名词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山的山顶上的像冰冻动物一样的苍白的山羊和灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词highlight，意为“最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分”，作t的宾语。故填highlight。
52．考查形容词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山的山顶上的像冰冻动物一样的苍白的山羊和灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词gat，意为“山羊”，与grizzly bears并列，作including的宾语，应用复数形式。故填gats。
53．考查形容词。句意：尽管外面的景色令人惊叹，但视频中的壮观场面注定是飞行旅程的亮点，包括在温德高山风的山顶上的蜡钻山羊和像冰冻动物一样的灰熊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词peak，意为“巅峰，顶点；山顶”，at the peak f，意为“在……山顶上”。故填peak。
54．考查动词。句意：可以预见的是，如果这些东西也出现在商场里，他们会给顾客带来多大的震惊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词anticipate，意为“预料，预见”，作谓语动词，句子为含有情态动词的被动语态，应用动词的过去分词anticipated，故填anticipated。
55．考查动词。句意：可以预见的是，如果这些东西也出现在商场里，他们会给顾客带来多大的震惊。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词astnish，意为“使吃惊，使惊讶”，作谓语动词，句子考查“情态动词+动词原形”，故填astnish。
56．考查形容词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用形容词cntrary，此处考查短语cntrary t，意为“与……相反”，作状语，设空处在句首，单词首字母大写。故填Cntrary。
57．考查名词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词advertisement，意为“广告”，应用名词复数，作t的宾语。故填advertisements。
58．考查动词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词prceed，意为“继续做（或从事、进行）”，为谓语动词，本文陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为thse，谓语动词用动词原形。故填prceed。
59．考查动词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词tast，意为“为……举杯敬酒，为……干杯”，此处考查连词，故设空处与we并列，用动词原形，省略t。故填tast。
60．考查名词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用复数名词phtgraphers，意为“摄影师；摄像师”，作like的宾语。故填phtgraphers。
61．考查动词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用动词thunder，意为“打雷”，在n matter hw lng引导的让步状语从句中作谓语动词，本文陈述客观事实，故此处也用一般现在时，主语为it，故填动词的第三人称单数，故填thunders。
62．考查名词。句意：与带广告的视频不同的是，飞机上的这些视频继续，不是归因于乘客，而只是为这些了不起的工匠举杯敬酒，在飞上的期间无论打雷多久，无论下霜多严重。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词duratin，fr the duratin意为“在整段时间内”。故填duratin。
63．考查名词。句意：草原、边疆、港口、采石场、飞机飞过的海岸，都能见证海湾航空的真诚。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词prairie，意为“草原”，与the brder, the harbur, the l 19 , and the s 20 where the planes fly并列，作主语。故填prairie。
64．考查名词。句意：草原、边疆、港口、采石场、飞机飞过的海岸，都能见证海湾航空的真诚。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词quarry，意为“采石场”，与The p 18 , the brder, the harbur, 以及the s 20 where the planes fly一起，作并列主语。故填quarry。
65．考查名词。句意：草原、边疆、港口、采石场、飞机飞过的海岸，都能见证海湾航空的真诚。根据句意和首字母，设空处应用名词shre，意为“海岸”，与 The p 18 , the brder, the harbur, the l 19 一起，作并列主语。故填shre。
66．Bys and girls,
Life is but a hard and bitter jurney. Therefre, I’d like t say, “N matter what happens, be self-cnfident”.
I still remember that when I just entered this high schl, I suffered a lt f stress, and even dared nt answer the teacher’s questins in class, and was afraid t speak in public.
Later, smething happened that changed my life. An English speech cntest was t be held in my class. Our English teacher, Ms. Lin, persuaded me t participate, saying that she had cnfidence in me and believed I culd make it. I chse a tpic a bit challenging fr me — Self-cnfidence and Success. I wrte dwn what I had t say and kept reciting it. With the teacher’s encuragement, I wn a prize. Since then, I feel strngly that self-cnfidence is the first step t success. S, my friends, be self-cnfident and yu’ll make it.
Thank yu.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生根据下面的提示准备一篇发言稿。内容包括：1. 自信的重要性：2, 从缺乏信心到有自信的转变过程。
【详解】1.词汇积累
因此：therefre→hence
压力：stress→pressure
比赛：cntest→cmpetitin
选择：chse→select
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I chse a tpic a bit challenging fr me — Self-cnfidence and Success.
拓展句：I chse a tpic that is a bit challenging fr me — Self-cnfidence and Success.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Therefre, I’d like t say, “N matter what happens, be self-cnfident”. (运用了“n matter what”引导的让步状语从句)
[高分句型2] I still remember that when I just entered this high schl, I suffered a lt f stress, and even dared nt answer the teacher’s questins in class, and was afraid t speak in public. (运用了that引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句)
67．"Because yu're the clest girl in the wrld," Mark answered. I laughed, thinking he was just being silly. But then he said, "Seriusly, Care. Yu're smart, funny, and kind. Yu're an amazing swimmer and a great friend. Why wuldn't anyne want t g with yu?" What he said made me realize that maybe I wasn't as invisible as I thught I was. Maybe I had been t hard n myself all these years and frgt what I really was.
The rest f the year went by in excitement. The next day at schl, I decided t ask smene t the dance. T my surprise, she said yes! We had a great time at the dance, and I even wn a prize fr the best dance mves. Frm that mment n, I started t see myself in a different light. Little by little, I began t believe in myself and my abilities. Every time I see my brther’s smile, I like t say: yu are right because I was really the clest girl in the wrld."
【导语】
本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了作者与其弟弟马克之间的深厚情谊。作者认为马克很优秀，自行惭秽，没有自信，没有朋友，因此作者不想参加即将来临的半正式舞会，马克鼓励作者参加，从此作者改变了对自己的看法，重新审视自己。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容““因为你是世界上最酷的女孩，”马克回答道。”可知，第一段可描写作者起初以为弟弟马克的话只是开玩笑，但他随后认真地说出作者的诸多优点，使作者意识到自己可能并不像自己想象的那样被人忽视。这些年来，作者可能对自己过于苛刻，忘记了真实的自己，马克的话让作者开始重新审视自己的价值。
②由第二段首句内容“剩余的一年里，我们都在兴奋中度过。”可知，第二段可描写作者鼓起勇气邀请同学参加舞会并成功得到肯定，在舞会上度过愉快的时光并赢得最佳舞姿奖。这一经历让作者开始以新的视角看待自己，逐渐相信自己的能力和价值。
2.续写线索：感到诧异——听到马克罗列自己的优点——改变对自己的看法——主动邀请同学——得到肯定——舞会上很愉快——以新的视角看待自己——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想要：want t/ have a desire fr
②对……严格：be hard n/ exact a high price frm
③看见：see/spt/catch sight f
情绪类
①处于兴奋状态：be in excitement /be in a state f thrill
②让我感到吃惊的是：t my surprise/ much t my astnishment
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I laughed, thinking he was just being silly.（使用了现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型2]. What he said made me realize that maybe I wasn't as invisible as I thught I was.（使用了连接代词what引导的主语从句和that引导的宾语从句，引导的比较状语从句）
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