资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩7页未读，
继续阅读
上海市上海大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语期中考试卷（原卷版+解析版）
展开
这是一份上海市上海大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语期中考试卷（原卷版+解析版），文件包含上海市上海大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语期中考试卷原卷版docx、上海市上海大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语期中考试卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共29页， 欢迎下载使用。
(满分100分，90分钟完成，答案一律写在答题卡和答题纸上)
Ⅰ. Listening Cmprehensin 25’
Sectin A 10’
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. Her daughter. B. Her husband. C. Her mther. D. Her father
2. A. $80. B. $90. C. $100. D. $10.
3. A. Interesting. B. Exciting. C. Bring. D. Fascinating
4. A. In July. B. In August. C. In September. D. In Octber.
5. A. The wman. B. The wman’s mther.
C. The children. D. The man.
6. A. The by is gd at playing ftball.
B. The by has gt a gd result in the test.
C. The by shuld g ver his lessns nw.
D. The by can g ut and play.
7. A. She ften gets lst.
B. She’s surprised she culdn’t find the htel.
C. She desn’t knw where the htel is.
D. She’d rather g t anther htel.
8. A. The wman’s favrite team wn.
B. The weather was nt gd during the match.
C. The match was bring.
D. The wman was all wet because f the rain.
9. A. He crashed int the truck ahead f him.
B. He crashed int the tree.
C. He made a truck fall ff.
D. He was seriusly injured.
10. A. She likes the bike but wn’t buy it.
B. She prefers anther kind f clr.
C She desn’t like the bike at all.
D She can nly affrd 200 yuan fr the bike.
Sectin B 15’
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne cnversatin. Yu will be asked three questins n each f the passages and fur questins fr the cnversatin. The passages and cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Pizza. B. Thai fd C. Lcal fd. D. Vegetables
12. A. Ging t the beach. B. Ging verseas.
C. Enjying lcal sights. D. Relaxing with the family.
13. A. Alternative music. B. 1980s rck music.
C. 1970s rck music. D. Japanese music.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are base in the fllwing passage.
14. A. 12,000. B. 135,000. C. 4,000 D. 14,000.
15. A. T earn tens f millins f dllars.
B. T make full use f peple’s spare time.
C. T help travel agencies t plan mre rutes.
D. T bst cnsumptin during the ecnmic slwdwn.
16. A. The trp withdrawal will reduce US cmbat pwer in Iraq.
B. Sun Yang spent three mnths in the US recvering.
C. There are different pinins abut the effect f cupns (优惠券).
D. The turism cupns can nly be used as spts tickets.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. She wants t have a trip t Eurpe
B. She wants t have a day tur f Lndn.
C. She wants t knw mre details abut learning French.
D. She wants t slve many prblems in learning German.
18. A. Three. B. Fur. C. Five. D. Six.
19. A. 200 punds. B. 210 punds. C. 220 punds. D. 230 punds
20. A. The guide will explain the sights t the small children in three languages.
B. There is a reductin in cst fr adults during the prmtin.
C. The wman can get all the infrmatin frm the brchure
D. The wman can pay the trip either in cash r nline.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary 20’
Sectin A 10’
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
There’s a type f prridge in China that’s filled with traditin and celebrated fr its delicius taste. Unfrtunately, t my mind, it als has a funny name.
Every year during the Laba Festival, which ____1____ (happen) n the eighth day f the 12th lunar mnth, Laba prridge is the fd traditinally served. Hwever, the first time I heard its name was in a nursery rhyme my daughter’s nanny ____2____ (sing) t her, ____3____ ges: “after Laba is the Lunar New Year.” But thanks t my bad Chinese and her heavy accent, I instead heard Laba in different tnes that changed the meaning t “pp”. Fr a gd tw days I thught it was a nursery. rhyme t help tddlers with ptty training. I was very wrng.
The Laba Festival arrives befre Lunar New Year. Traditinally ____4____ (bserve) by Buddhists t hnr the enlightenment f Siddhartha Gautama, the festival is nw mre f a time fr reflectin, gratitude and preparing fr the upcming Lunar New Year festivities.
Laba prridge is delicius and beautiful. Its heartiness lies in its array f ingredients. ____5____ every family has their wn variatin, it typically includes a mix f beans, rice, nuts and ____6____ (dry) fruits. The key ingredients, hwever, are glutinus rice(糯米), beans and carius grains, cked ____7____ thickened. Each ingredient has symblic significance arund the ideas f prsperity and health. Fr example, red beans symblize gd luck and happiness while glutinus rice signifies family unity.
Traditinally, befre the Lunar New Year, families gather t prepare Laba prridge tgether, ____8____ (rster) a sense f unity and shared traditins, much like hw families in the US d with their Thanksgiving meals. It’s abut the time yu spend tgether ____9____ the fd yu eat.
Laba prridge is ne f thse dishes that hld a special place in Chinese culinary heritage, ____10____ (cmbine) histry, symblism and a sense f cmmunity. In each streaming bwl f Laba prridge are well-wishes that ne family member bestws upn anther.
【答案】1. happens
2. sang 3. which
4. bserved
5. Thugh##Althugh##While
6. dried 7. and
8. rstering
9. n 10. cmbining
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国新年前在腊八节喝腊八粥的习俗。
【1题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：每年腊八节，也就是农历十二月初八，腊八粥是传统的食物。空处为非限制性定语从句的谓语，happen无被动语态，结合句意可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语which指代“腊八节”，为单数。故填happens。
【2题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：然而，我第一次听到它的名字是在我女儿的保姆给她唱的一首儿歌中，这首歌是这样唱的：“过了腊八就是年”。陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填sang。
【3题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a nursery rhyme，作从句主语，表示事物，用which引导。故填which。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，这个节日是佛教徒为了纪念释迦摩尼的启迪而庆祝的，现在这个节日更多的是为了反思、感恩和为即将到来的农历新年庆祝活动做准备。空处作状语，逻辑主语the festival与bserve构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词。故填bserved。
【5题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然每个家庭都有自己的变化，但它通常包括豆类，大米，坚果和干果的混合物。空处引导从句，结合every family has their wn variatin及it typically includes a mix f beans, rice, nuts可知，前后为让步转折关系，空处缺少让步状语从句引导词，可以用Althugh/Thugh/While。故填Althugh/Thugh/While。
【6题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰fruits，与beans, rice, nuts并列，用形容词dried，意思为：去水的、脱水的。故填dried。
【7题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，主要原料是糯米、豆类和杂粮，煮熟并且粘稠。根据句意可知，cked与thickened为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，在农历新年之前，家人聚在一起准备腊八粥，展现出团结和共享传统的感觉，就像美国家庭吃感恩节大餐一样。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，空格前一句的内容与rster构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词作状语。故填rstering。
【9题详解】
考查介词。句意：它是关于你们在一起吃食物的时间。空处为介词，根据spend time n sth.可知，空处缺少介词n。故填n。
【10题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：腊八粥是在中国烹饪传统中占有特殊地位的菜肴之一，它结合了历史、象征和社区意识。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语“腊八粥”与cmbine为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填cmbining。
Sectin B 10’
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Cutting Salt May Lwer Bld Pressure as Much as Medicatin
Reducing daily salt intake by just ne teaspn, equivalent t apprximately 2,200 milligrams f sdium(钠), can lead t a bld pressure drp cmparable t that achieved with prescriptin antihypertensin (抗高血压) medicatin, reveals a recent study. Cnducted n 213 individuals aged 50 t 75, the research included participants bth n and ff bld pressure medicatin. Regardless f their initial measurements, all grups experienced a(n) ____11____ reductin in bld pressure after a week n a lw-sdium diet.
The study ____12____ the cmmn ntin that nly thse nt taking medicatin benefit frm salt reductin. Ntably, the bld pressure decrease bserved was similar t the effect seen when individuals start hypertensin medicatin. The investigatin aims t shed light n hw excess salt raises bld pressure, aside frm the cnventinal thery f increased water retentin causing hypertensin.
While sdium is ____13____ fr bdily functins, humans, evlutinarily did nt ____14____ t a high-sdium diet. The average daily sdium intake in the U.S. is arund 3,400 milligrams, mainly surced frm ____15____ and restaurant fds, exceeding the recmmended 2,300 milligrams by the FDA. Encuraging peple t reduce salt intake prves challenging and experts suggest ____16____ t lwer-sdium ptins instead f mere reductin. One prpsal is transitining frm regular sdium chlride t a blend f 75% sdium chlride and 25% ptassium chlride, a frm f salt ___17___ in health fd stres.
Changing dietary habits presents a puzzle, but histrical precedents, like the intrductin f idized (含碘的) salt in1924 t cmbat pediatric giters (儿科甲状腺肿), shw that ____18____ shifts are pssible.
Althugh ptassium-supplemented (含钾的) salt may nt be mainstream yet, it culd becme a future staple (基本食物) fr thse aiming t lwer sdium intake. Fr nw, cking at hme and ____19____ fr lwer-sdium remain practical _____20_____ fr individuals mindful f their salt cnsumptin.
【答案】11. J 12. C
13 A 14. D
15. B 16. E
17. F 18. G
19. I 20. H
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了减少盐摄入的重要性及其对降低血压的显著作用，并探讨了实现减盐目标的策略和挑战。文章通过科学研究结果和历史案例，论证了即使少量减少盐摄入也能带来与药物治疗相当的降血压效果。同时，文章也指出了改变饮食习惯的困难，并提出了替代方案，如使用低钠盐或含钾盐等，鼓励人们采取切实可行的措施来控制盐摄入，维护健康。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：无论他们最初的血压测量值如何，所有组在低钠饮食一周后血压都显著下降。根据下文“reductin in bld pressure after a week n a lw-sdium diet.”可知，低钠饮食一周后血压下降，这是显著的，应填significant，故选J项。
【12题详解】
考查动词。句意：这项研究挑战了只有那些没有服用药物的人才能从减盐中获益的普遍观点。根据下文“the cmmn ntin that nly thse nt taking medicatin benefit frm salt reductin.”可知，这项研究对那些不服药的人才能从减盐中受益的观点来说是挑战，故填challenges，故选C项。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然钠对身体机能是必需的，但从进化的角度来看，人类并没有适应高钠饮食。根据下文“fr bdily functins”可知，纳对身体机能来说是必须的，应填essential，故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：虽然钠对身体机能是必需的，但从进化的角度来看，人类并没有适应高钠饮食。根据“evlutinarily did nt ____4____ t a high-sdium diet.”可知，钠是身体机能必须得，但是人类没有适应高纳饮食，应填adapt，故选D项。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美国人平均每天摄入大约3400毫克的钠，主要来自加工食品和餐馆食物，超过了FDA建议的2300毫克。根据“mainly surced frm ____5____ and restaurant fds,”可知，美国人的钠摄入主要来自加工食品和餐馆食物，应填prcessed，故选B项。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：鼓励人们减少盐的摄入量被证明是具有挑战性的，专家建议改用低钠的选择，而不仅仅是减少。根据下文“t lwer-sdium ptins instead f mere reductin.”可知，专家建议选择低钠盐，应填switching，故选E项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一种建议是从普通的氯化钠过渡到75%氯化钠和25%氯化钾的混合物，这种盐在健康食品商店有售。根据“a frm f salt ___7___ in health fd stres.”可知，这种盐在健康食品商店中可以购买到，应填available，故选F项。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：改变饮食习惯是一个难题，但是历史先例，例如1924年引入碘盐以对抗儿童甲状腺肿，表明大规模的转变是可能的。根据上文“like the intrductin f idized (含碘的) salt in1924 t cmbat pediatric giters (儿科甲状腺肿),”可知，大规模的转变是可能的，应填large-scale，故选G项。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：目前，在家做饭和选择低钠食物仍然是关注盐摄入量的人的实用策略。根据“cking at hme and ____9____ fr lwer-sdium remain practical”可知，选择低钠食物和在家做饭是实用的，应填pting，故选I项。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：目前，在家做饭和选择低钠食物仍然是关注盐摄入量人的实用策略。根据“cking at hme and ____9____ fr lwer-sdium remain practical 10____”可知，选择低钠食物和在家做饭是实用的策略，应填strategies，故选H项。
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin 30’
Sectin A 14’
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Scientists in Nrway have mre gd news fr cffee drinkers. Researchers have already fund evidence that the drink—r the beans can help with weight lss, ____21____ ne’s risk f develping sme diseases, ____22____ muscle grwth, prtect against certain types f cancers and can even reduce ne’s risk f premature death. Nw cmes wrd that a cup f cffee reduces physical pain.
The surprising finding is based n a study ____23____ 48 vlunteers wh agreed t spend 90 minutes perfrming fake cmputer tasks meant t mimic (模拟) ffice wrk. The tasks were knwn t ____24____ pain in the shulders, neck, frearms and wrists, and the researchers wanted t ____25____ hw peple with pain and thse wh were pain-free tlerated the pain f such tasks. As a matter f cnvenience, the scientists allwed peple t drink cffee befre taking the test “t avid unpleasant effects f caffeine deprivatin (缺乏), e.g. decreased energy and alertness, sleepiness, and ____26____,” they reprted.
But when it came time t analyze the data, the researchers frm Nrway’s Natinal Institute f Occupatinal Health and Osl University Hspital nticed that the 19 peple wh drank cffee reprted a lwer ____27____ f pain than the 29 peple wh didn’t. In the shulders and neck, ____28____, the average pain intensity was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr nn-cffee drinkers. Similar gaps were fund fr all pain sites measured, and cffee’s apparent pain-reductin effect ____29____.
Hwever, the authrs f the study, which was published this week in the jurnal BMC Research Ntes, cautined (提醒) that since the study wasn’t designed t test cffee’s influence n pain, the results came with many ____30____. Fr starters, the researchers dn’t knw hw much cffee the cffee drinkers cnsumed befre taking the cmputer tests. ____31____, they dubt whether the cffee drinkers and nn-cffee drinkers were ____32____ in all respects except fr their cffee cnsumptin. Prblems like these tend t ____33____ the imprtance f the findings. But thse dubts are ____34____ t truble the cffee drinkers lking fr any reasn nt t cut back n their daily caffeine habit.
21.
A. riseB. reduceC. releaseD. suffer
22.
A. shapeB. establishC. bstD. preserve
23.
A. invlvingB. researchingC. interviewingD. participating
24.
A. causeB. endureC. easeD. cure
25.
A. warnB. cmpareC. relieveD. treat
26.
A. exhaustinB. excitementC. delightD. hesitatin
27.
A. tendencyB. intentinC. intensityD. cmmitment
28.
A. n the cntraryB. as a resultC. fr instanceD. in ne wrd
29.
A. turned upB. brke utC. pinted utD. brke up
30.
A. satisfactinsB. uncertaintiesC. cnsequencesD. qualificatins
31.
A MreverB. HweverC. OtherwiseD. Therefre
32.
A. energeticB. similarC. impressiveD. initial
33.
A. realizeB. prveC. summariseD. weaken
34.
A. unlikelyB. sensibleC. influentialD. definite
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了挪威科学家为喝咖啡的人带来了更多好消息。研究人员已经发现证据表明，这种饮料或咖啡豆有助于减肥，降低患某些疾病的风险，促进肌肉生长，预防某些类型的癌症，甚至可以降低猝死的风险。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员已经发现证据表明，这种饮料或咖啡豆有助于减肥，降低患某些疾病的风险，促进肌肉生长，预防某些类型的疾病。A. rise上升；B. reduce降低；C. release释放；D. suffer受苦。根据上文“Researchers have already fund evidence that the drink — r the beans can help with weight lss”和下文“ne’s risk f develping sme diseases”、“prtect against certain types f cancers and can even reduce ne’s risk f premature death”可知，这里应该是咖啡或咖啡豆的一些好处，所以是“降低患某些疾病的风险”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员已经发现证据表明，这种饮料或咖啡豆有助于减肥，降低患某些疾病的风险，促进肌肉生长，预防某些类型的疾病。A. shape塑造；B. establish建立；C. bst促进；D. preserve保护。根据上文“Researchers have already fund evidence that the drink — r the beans can help with weight lss”、和下文“prtect against certain types f cancers and can even reduce ne’s risk f premature death”可知，这里应该是咖啡或咖啡豆的一些好处，所以是“促进肌肉生长”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项令人惊讶的发现是基于一项涉及48名志愿者的研究，他们同意花90分钟完成模拟办公室工作的虚拟电脑任务。A. invlving涉及；B. researching研究；C. interviewing采访；D. participating参与。根据下文“48 vlunteers wh agreed t spend 90 minutes perfrming fake cmputer tasks meant t mimic ffice wrk.”可知，研究涉及到48名志愿者。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，这些任务会引起肩部、颈部、前臂和手腕的疼痛，研究人员想要比较有疼痛感的人和没有疼痛感的人是如何忍受这些任务带来的疼痛的。A. cause引起；B. endure忍受；C. ease放松；D. cure治愈。根据下文“pain in the shulders, neck, frearms and wrists”可知，这些任务会“引起”肩、颈、前臂和手腕疼痛。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，这些任务会引起肩部、颈部、前臂和手腕的疼痛，研究人员想要比较有疼痛感的人和没有疼痛感的人是如何忍受这些任务带来的疼痛的。A. warn警告；B. cmpare比较；C. relieve缓解；D. treat对待。根据后文“hw peple with pain and thse wh were pain-free tlerated the pain f such tasks.”可知，研究人员对两种患者进行比较。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了方便起见，科学家们允许人们在测试前喝咖啡，“以避免咖啡因剥夺带来的不愉快影响，例如精力下降、警觉性下降、困倦和疲惫，”他们报告说。A. exhaustin疲惫；B. excitement兴奋；C. delight喜悦；D. hesitatin犹豫不决。根据上文“decreased energy and alertness, sleepiness”可知，这些影响是不愉快的情绪， exhaustin符合语境。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当分析数据时，来自挪威国家职业健康研究所和奥斯陆大学医院的研究人员注意到，19名喝咖啡的人报告的疼痛强度低于29名不喝咖啡的人。A. tendency倾向；B. intentin意图；C. intensity强度；D. cmmitment承诺。根据下文“In the shulders and neck, 8 , the average pain intensity was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr nn-cffee drinkers.”可知，这里意思是19名喝咖啡的人报告的疼痛强度比29名不喝咖啡的人要低。intensity是原词复现。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，在肩部和颈部，喝咖啡的人的平均疼痛强度为41分（满分为100分），不喝咖啡的人为55分。A. n the cntrary恰恰相反；B. as a result结果；C. fr instance例如；D. in ne wrd总之。根据下文“the average pain intensity was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr nn-cffee drinkers.”可知，这里在举例子。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在所有测量的疼痛部位都发现了类似的差异，咖啡明显的减轻疼痛的效果出现了。A. turned up出现；B. brke ut爆发；C. pinted ut指出；D. brke up分手。根据上文“the average pain intensity was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr nn-cffee drinkers”和“Similar gaps were fund fr all pain sites measured, and cffee’s apparent pain- reductin effect”可知，咖啡明显的减轻疼痛的效果出现了。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，本周发表在《BMC研究笔记》杂志上的这项研究的作者警告说，由于这项研究不是为了测试咖啡对疼痛的影响，因此结果存在许多不确定性。A. satisfactins满意；B. uncertainties不确定性；C. cnsequences后果；D. qualificatins资格。根据上文“since the study wasn’t designed t test cffee’s influence n pain”可知，结果存在许多不确定性。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们怀疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了咖啡摄入量不同之外，是否在其他方面都相似。A. Mrever此外；B. Hwever然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefre因此。根据下文“they dubt whether the cffee drinkers and nn-cffee drinkers were 12 in all respects except fr their cffee cnsumptin.”可知，这是研究人员提出的另外一个质疑。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们怀疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了咖啡摄入量不同之外，是否在其他方面都相似。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. similar相似的；C. impressive令人印象深刻的；D. initial最初的。根据上文“Similar gaps were fund fr all pain sites measured, and cffee’s apparent pain-reductin effect”可知，研究人员提出的另外一个质疑是喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人是否在除咖啡消耗量外的所有方面都相似。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像这样的问题往往会削弱研究结果的重要性。A. realize实现；B. prve证明；C. summarise总结；D. weaken削弱。根据上文“Hwever, the authrs f the study, which was published this week in the jurnal BMC Research Ntes, cautined (提醒) that since the study wasn’t designed t test cffee’s influence n pain, the results came with many”可知，这项研究的作者警告说，由于这项研究不是为了测试咖啡对疼痛的影响，因此结果存在许多不确定性，正是诸如此类的问题削弱了研究结果的重要性。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这些疑虑不太可能困扰那些想找理由不减少日常咖啡因摄入的咖啡饮用者。A. unlikely不太可能的；B. sensible明智的；C. influential有影响力的；D. definite肯定的。根据表示转折的连词“But”和空后的“t truble the cffee drinkers lking fr any reasn nt t cut back n their daily caffeine habit.”可知，结果存在许多不确定性，但这些疑虑不太可能困扰那些寻找任何理由不减少日常咖啡因习惯的咖啡饮用者。故选A项。
Sectin B 16’
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices-marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
It was Thanksgiving mrning and in the crwded kitchen f my small hme I was busy preparing the traditinal Thanksgiving turkey when the drbell rang. I pened the frnt dr and saw tw small children in rags huddling tgether inside the strm dr n the tp step.
"Any ld papers, lady?" asked ne f them.
I was busy. I wanted t say "n" until I lked dwn at their feet. They were wearing thin little sandals, wet with heavy snw.
"Cme in and I’ll make yu a cup f ht cca."
They walked ver and sat dwn at the table. Their wet sandals left marks upn the flr. I served them cca and bread with jam t fight against the cld utside. Then I went back t the kitchen and started again n my husehld budget.
The silence in the frnt rm struck me. I lked in. The girl held the empty cup in her hands, lking at it. The by asked in a flat vice, "Lady, are yu rich?"
I lked at my shabby slipcvers. The girl put her cup back in its saucer carefully and said, "Yur cups match yur saucers." Her vice was hungry with a need that n amunt f fd culd supply. They left after that, hlding their bundles f papers against the wind. They hadn’t said "Thank yu." They didn’t need t. They had reminded me that I had s much fr which t be grateful. Plain blue china cups and saucers were nly wrth five pence. But they matched.
I tasted the ptates and stirred the meat sup. Ptates and brwn meat sup, a rf ver ur heads, my man with a gd steady jb-these matched, t.
I mved the chairs back frm the fire and cleaned the living rm. The muddy prints f small sandals were still wet upn my flr. Let them be fr a while, I thught, just in case I shuld begin t frget hw rich I am.
35. Why did the writer let the children in?
A. She shwed great pity n them.
B. She had ld papers t sell.
C. She wanted t invite them t her Thanksgiving feast.
D. She wanted them t see hw rich she was.
36. The girl thught the writer was rich perhaps because_________.
A. she saw that the lady's rm was cmfrtable
B. she saw the cups matched the saucers
C. the writer’s slipcvers were very new
D. the writer was preparing a big meal while she was t hungry
37. Frm the passage, we can infer that whether yu are rich depends n __________.
A. hw much mney yu have hadB. hw yu feel abut yur life
C. hw yu have helped thersD. what jb yur husband is ding
38. The writer left the muddy prints f small sandals n the flr fr a while t_________
A. shw her husband that smene had cme
B. remind her that she had helped tw children
C. remind her that she was very rich in the neighbrhd
D. remind her hw life shuld be
【答案】35. A 36. B 37. B 38. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者在感恩节因为同情两个衣衫褴褛的小孩子，让他们进了屋里，其中女孩因为看到杯子和茶碟是配对的以为作者很富有，也提醒了作者意识到自己的生活是多么富有，有那么多值得感激的东西。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段I was busy. I wanted t say "n" until I lked dwn at their feet. They were wearing thin little sandals, wet with heavy snw.（我很忙。我想说“不”，直到我低头看着他们的脚。他们穿着一双薄薄的小凉鞋，被大雪打湿了。）可知作者让孩子们进来是因为她非常同情他们。故选A。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中The girl put her cup back in its saucer carefully and said, "Yur cups match yur saucers."（小女孩小心翼翼地把杯子放回茶碟里，说:“你的杯子和茶碟是配对的。”）可知这个女孩认为这个作家很富有，是因为她看到杯子和碟子是配对的。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中They had reminded me that I had s much fr which t be grateful.（他们提醒我，我有那么多值得感激的东西。）以及最后一段中Let them be fr a while, I thught, just in case I shuld begin t frget hw rich I am.（我想，暂时让他们去吧，以防我开始忘记我是多么富有。）可知从文章中，我们可以推断出你是否富有取决于你对生活的感觉。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中 The muddy prints f small sandals were still wet upn my flr. Let them be fr a while, I thught, just in case I shuld begin t frget hw rich I am.（在我的地板上，小凉鞋上的泥印仍然湿漉漉的。我想，暂时让他们去吧，以防我开始忘记我是多么富有。）可知作者把小凉鞋的泥印留在地板上一会儿，来提醒她自己的生活是多么富有。故选D。
(B)
The art f public speaking began in ancient Greece ver 2,000 years g. Nw, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blgs and chat frums ffer rival appraches t cmmunicatin - but nne can replace the rle f a great speech.
The spken wrd can handle varius vital functins: persuading r inspiring, infrming, paying tribute, entertaining, r simply intrducing smene r smething r accepting smething. Over the past year, the human vice has helped guide us ver the ups and dwns f what was certainly a strmy time.
Persuasin is used in dealing with r recnciling different pints f view. When the leaders met in Cpenhagen in December 2009, persuasive wrds frm activists encuraged them t cmmit themselves t firmer actin. Inspiratinal speeches cnfrnt the emtins. They fcus n tpics and matters that are clse t peple's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches t prepare the trps fr battle.
A speech that cnveys knwledge and enhances understanding can infrm us. The infrmatin must be clear, accurate, and expressed in meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic（流行病）was annunced, the idea f "swine flu" scared many peple. Infrmative speeches frm Wrld Health Organizatin fficials helped peple t keep their panic under cntrl s they culd take sensible precautins.
Sad events are never easy t deal with, but a speech that pays tribute t the lss f a lved ne and gives praise fr their cntributin can be cmfrting. Madnna's speech abut Michael Jacksn, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will cntinue t live n thrugh his music.
It's nt nly in wrld frums where public speaking plays an imprtant rle. It can als be surprisingly helpful in the curse f ur wn lives.
If yu're taking part in a debate yu need t persuade the listeners f the sundness f yur argument. In sprts, athletes knw the imprtance f a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）befre a match t inspire teammates. Yu yurself may be asked t d a presentatin at cllege r wrk t infrm the thers abut an area f vital imprtance.
On a mre persnal level, a friend may be upset and need cmfrting. Or yu might be asked t intrduce a speaker at a family event r t speak at a wedding, where yur language will be needed t mve peple r make them laugh.
Great speaking ability is nt smething we're brn with. Even Barack Obama wrks hard t perfect every speech. Fr a brilliant speech, there are rules that yu can put t gd use. T learn thse rules, yu have t practice and learn frm sme utstanding speeches in the past.
39. The authr thinks the spken wrd is still irreplaceable because _______.
A. it has always been used t inspire r persuade peple.
B. it has a big rle t play in the entertainment business.
C. it plays imprtant rles in human cmmunicatin.
D. it is f great use in everyday-life cntext.
40. Which f the fllwing statements is INCORRECT abut the rle f public speaking?
A. Speeches at wrld frums can lead t effective slutins t wrld prblems.
B. Speeches frm medical authrities can calm peple dwn in times f pandemics.
C. The mrale f sldiers befre a battle can be bsted by senir fficers' speeches.
D. Speeches paying tribute t the dead can cmfrt the murners.
41. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing best explains the authr's view n "great speaking ability"?
A. It cmes frm bserving rules.
B. It can be perfected with easy effrt.
C. It can be acquired frm birth.
D. It cmes frm learning and practice.
42. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Public speaking in internatinal frums.
B. The many uses f public speaking.
C. Public speaking in daily life cntext.
D. The rules f public speaking.
【答案】39. D 40. A 41. D 42. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了不同类型演讲在正式场合以及我们生活中的作用。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段的“The spken wrd can handle varius vital functins: persuading r inspiring, infrming, paying tribute, entertaining, r simply intrducing smene r smething r accepting smething.”可知，演讲具有很多功能和作用，包括劝说、激励、科普、致敬、娱乐、简单介绍等等，演讲的这些作用决定了它的不可替代。故选D项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“Infrmative speeches frm Wrld Health Organizatin fficials helped peple t keep their panic under cntrl s they culd take sensible precautins. ”可知，世界卫生组织的科普性演讲抑制住了人们对于流行病的恐慌，所以B项正确；由第三段最后一句“During wars, generals used inspiring speeches t prepare the trps fr battle. ”可知，战前将军的激励演讲可以让军队做好备战，鼓舞士气，所以C项正确；由第五段的“Sad events are never easy t deal with, but a speech that pays tribute t the lss f a lved ne and gives praise fr their cntributin can be cmfrting.”可知，哀悼和歌颂具有安慰作用，故D项正确。综上，不正确的为A. Speeches at wrld frums can lead t effective slutins t wrld prblems.(在世界论坛上的发言可以有效地解决世界问题。)。故选A项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段的“T learn thse rules, yu have t practice and learn frm sme utstanding speeches in the past.”可知，出色的演讲能力需要训练，也需要学习借鉴一些过去的优秀演讲。故选D项。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。纵观全文内容可知，文章先总体说明了演讲的各种功能作用，然后分类介绍了正式场合下不同演讲的作用以及生活中演讲的作用，属于总分结构的文章，文章主旨在段首和第二段——演讲不可替代，演讲有很多功能。故选B项。
【点睛】主旨大意题难度相对较大，解体的时候要避免以偏概全及扩大范围。在解答主旨大意题时，可以结合文章结构进行分析，常见的文章结构有总-分-总，总-分，分-总等等，如果文章符合这些结构，往往第一段或最后一段就是文章的主旨。如第4小题，就可以从文章的总-分结构出发，将中心内容锁定在第一段和第二段。
Ⅳ. Translatin 15’ (3+3+4+5)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
43. 我确信自信与成功紧密相连。(cnvince) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I am cnvinced that cnfidence ges hand in hand with success.
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和短语、时态。句子陈述目前的事实，应用一般现在时，表示“我确信”用I’m cnvinced that…结构，that引导宾语从句，表示“自信”为cnfidence，表示“与……紧密相连”用g hand in hand with，从句主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，表示“成功”用success。故翻译为I am cnvinced that cnfidence ges hand in hand with success.
44. 她逐渐明白运动可以缓解很多负面情绪。(dawn, relieve) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Gradually it dawned n her that exercise culd relieve many negative emtins.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。表示“逐渐”用副词gradually，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。表示“明白……”用固定句型it dawns n sb. that，其中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，根据语境可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式dawned，表示“她”用her，作宾语。主语从句中：表示“运动”用exercise，作主语；表示“可以”用情态动词culd；表示“缓解”用relieve，位于culd后，用动词原形；表示“负面的”用形容词negative，作定语，修饰名词“情绪”；表示“情绪”用emtin，结合句意可知，负面情绪不止一种，应用名词复数形式，作relieve的宾语；表示“很多”用many，故翻译为Gradually it dawned n her that exercise culd relieve many negative emtins.
45. 尽管面对重重困难，他依然坚持研究，最终实现了重大突破。(分词作状语) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Thugh faced with all the difficulties, he persisted in his research, finally achieving a majr breakthrugh.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词时态和短语。分析句子可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。表示“尽管面对重重困难”可以用让步状语从句，用Thugh he was faced with all the difficulties，be faced with意思为：面对；表示“坚持研究”用persist in his research，动词用过去式，从句主语和主句主语一致，且有be动词时，省略从句主语he和be动词；表示“最终实现了重大突破”用分词作状语，he与“实现重大突破achieve a majr breakthrugh”为主动关系，用现在分词作状语，“最终”用finally。故翻译为Thugh faced with all the difficulties, he persisted in his research, finally achieving a majr breakthrugh.
46. 我试着深呼吸，让自己平静下来，但我还是很紧张，这让我失去了得第一名的机会。（which）（汉译英）
【答案】I tried t take deep breaths t calm myself dwn, but I was still very nervus, which cst me the chance t get the first prize/which made me lse the chance t get the first prize.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和定语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“我试着深呼吸”是I tried t take deep breaths，“让自己平静下来”用不定式表目的，是t calm myself dwn，“但我还是很紧张”是but I was still very nervus，“这让我失去了得第一名的机会”用which引导的定语从句，可翻译为which cst me the chance t get the first prize/which made me lse the chance t get the first prize，因此整句话翻译为I tried t take deep breaths t calm myself dwn, but I was still very nervus, which cst me the chance t get the first prize/which made me lse the chance t get the first prize.
Ⅴ. Guided Writing(10%)
47. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 80-100 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw.
成功是每个人的梦想，每个人都有属于自己的成功，这样的成功不需要攀比。请叙述你所取得的成就之一，并解释背后的原因。
Yu may find the fllwing phrases useful in yur writing
strng-minded
enthusiastic
patience
creativity
thanks t
It was ne’s cmmitment t... that...
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Success is a dream fr everyne, and each persn has their wn definitin f success. It des nt require cmparisn with thers but rather persnal satisfactin. One f my achievements was getting an A in my English exam last semester. The reasn behind this achievement was that I was strng-minded and put in a lt f effrt int studying and practicing the language, attended extra classes after schl, read bks, watched mvies, and practiced writing essays regularly. Mrever, I sught help frm my teacher whenever I faced difficulties r had questins abut the subject matter. In cnclusin, it was ur cmmitment t ur gals that success can be achieved. It is imprtant t fcus n persnal grwth rather than cmparing neself t thers as everyne has their wn unique path t success.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求叙述你所取得的成就之一，并解释背后的原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
需要：require→need/want
努力：put in a lt f effrt int→spare n effrt t d
有规律地：regularly→n a regular basis
而不是：rather than→instead f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It is imprtant t fcus n persnal grwth rather than cmparing neself t thers as everyne has their wn unique path t success.
拓展句：It is imprtant that we fcus n persnal grwth rather than cmparing neself t thers as everyne has their wn unique path t success.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 The reasn behind this achievement was that I was strng-minded and put in a lt f effrt int studying and practicing the language, attended extra classes after schl, read bks, watched mvies, and practiced writing essays regularly.(运用了that引导的表语从句)
【高分句型2】 Mrever, I sught help frm my teacher whenever I faced difficulties r had questins abut the subject matter.(运用了wherever引导的状语从句)A. essential B. prcessed C. challenges D adapt E. switching
F. available G. large-scale H. strategies I. pting J. significant K. fresh
(满分100分，90分钟完成，答案一律写在答题卡和答题纸上)
Ⅰ. Listening Cmprehensin 25’
Sectin A 10’
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. Her daughter. B. Her husband. C. Her mther. D. Her father
2. A. $80. B. $90. C. $100. D. $10.
3. A. Interesting. B. Exciting. C. Bring. D. Fascinating
4. A. In July. B. In August. C. In September. D. In Octber.
5. A. The wman. B. The wman’s mther.
C. The children. D. The man.
6. A. The by is gd at playing ftball.
B. The by has gt a gd result in the test.
C. The by shuld g ver his lessns nw.
D. The by can g ut and play.
7. A. She ften gets lst.
B. She’s surprised she culdn’t find the htel.
C. She desn’t knw where the htel is.
D. She’d rather g t anther htel.
8. A. The wman’s favrite team wn.
B. The weather was nt gd during the match.
C. The match was bring.
D. The wman was all wet because f the rain.
9. A. He crashed int the truck ahead f him.
B. He crashed int the tree.
C. He made a truck fall ff.
D. He was seriusly injured.
10. A. She likes the bike but wn’t buy it.
B. She prefers anther kind f clr.
C She desn’t like the bike at all.
D She can nly affrd 200 yuan fr the bike.
Sectin B 15’
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne cnversatin. Yu will be asked three questins n each f the passages and fur questins fr the cnversatin. The passages and cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Pizza. B. Thai fd C. Lcal fd. D. Vegetables
12. A. Ging t the beach. B. Ging verseas.
C. Enjying lcal sights. D. Relaxing with the family.
13. A. Alternative music. B. 1980s rck music.
C. 1970s rck music. D. Japanese music.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are base in the fllwing passage.
14. A. 12,000. B. 135,000. C. 4,000 D. 14,000.
15. A. T earn tens f millins f dllars.
B. T make full use f peple’s spare time.
C. T help travel agencies t plan mre rutes.
D. T bst cnsumptin during the ecnmic slwdwn.
16. A. The trp withdrawal will reduce US cmbat pwer in Iraq.
B. Sun Yang spent three mnths in the US recvering.
C. There are different pinins abut the effect f cupns (优惠券).
D. The turism cupns can nly be used as spts tickets.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. She wants t have a trip t Eurpe
B. She wants t have a day tur f Lndn.
C. She wants t knw mre details abut learning French.
D. She wants t slve many prblems in learning German.
18. A. Three. B. Fur. C. Five. D. Six.
19. A. 200 punds. B. 210 punds. C. 220 punds. D. 230 punds
20. A. The guide will explain the sights t the small children in three languages.
B. There is a reductin in cst fr adults during the prmtin.
C. The wman can get all the infrmatin frm the brchure
D. The wman can pay the trip either in cash r nline.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary 20’
Sectin A 10’
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
There’s a type f prridge in China that’s filled with traditin and celebrated fr its delicius taste. Unfrtunately, t my mind, it als has a funny name.
Every year during the Laba Festival, which ____1____ (happen) n the eighth day f the 12th lunar mnth, Laba prridge is the fd traditinally served. Hwever, the first time I heard its name was in a nursery rhyme my daughter’s nanny ____2____ (sing) t her, ____3____ ges: “after Laba is the Lunar New Year.” But thanks t my bad Chinese and her heavy accent, I instead heard Laba in different tnes that changed the meaning t “pp”. Fr a gd tw days I thught it was a nursery. rhyme t help tddlers with ptty training. I was very wrng.
The Laba Festival arrives befre Lunar New Year. Traditinally ____4____ (bserve) by Buddhists t hnr the enlightenment f Siddhartha Gautama, the festival is nw mre f a time fr reflectin, gratitude and preparing fr the upcming Lunar New Year festivities.
Laba prridge is delicius and beautiful. Its heartiness lies in its array f ingredients. ____5____ every family has their wn variatin, it typically includes a mix f beans, rice, nuts and ____6____ (dry) fruits. The key ingredients, hwever, are glutinus rice(糯米), beans and carius grains, cked ____7____ thickened. Each ingredient has symblic significance arund the ideas f prsperity and health. Fr example, red beans symblize gd luck and happiness while glutinus rice signifies family unity.
Traditinally, befre the Lunar New Year, families gather t prepare Laba prridge tgether, ____8____ (rster) a sense f unity and shared traditins, much like hw families in the US d with their Thanksgiving meals. It’s abut the time yu spend tgether ____9____ the fd yu eat.
Laba prridge is ne f thse dishes that hld a special place in Chinese culinary heritage, ____10____ (cmbine) histry, symblism and a sense f cmmunity. In each streaming bwl f Laba prridge are well-wishes that ne family member bestws upn anther.
【答案】1. happens
2. sang 3. which
4. bserved
5. Thugh##Althugh##While
6. dried 7. and
8. rstering
9. n 10. cmbining
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中国新年前在腊八节喝腊八粥的习俗。
【1题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：每年腊八节，也就是农历十二月初八，腊八粥是传统的食物。空处为非限制性定语从句的谓语，happen无被动语态，结合句意可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语which指代“腊八节”，为单数。故填happens。
【2题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：然而，我第一次听到它的名字是在我女儿的保姆给她唱的一首儿歌中，这首歌是这样唱的：“过了腊八就是年”。陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填sang。
【3题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a nursery rhyme，作从句主语，表示事物，用which引导。故填which。
【4题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，这个节日是佛教徒为了纪念释迦摩尼的启迪而庆祝的，现在这个节日更多的是为了反思、感恩和为即将到来的农历新年庆祝活动做准备。空处作状语，逻辑主语the festival与bserve构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词。故填bserved。
【5题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然每个家庭都有自己的变化，但它通常包括豆类，大米，坚果和干果的混合物。空处引导从句，结合every family has their wn variatin及it typically includes a mix f beans, rice, nuts可知，前后为让步转折关系，空处缺少让步状语从句引导词，可以用Althugh/Thugh/While。故填Althugh/Thugh/While。
【6题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰fruits，与beans, rice, nuts并列，用形容词dried，意思为：去水的、脱水的。故填dried。
【7题详解】
考查连词。句意：然而，主要原料是糯米、豆类和杂粮，煮熟并且粘稠。根据句意可知，cked与thickened为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，在农历新年之前，家人聚在一起准备腊八粥，展现出团结和共享传统的感觉，就像美国家庭吃感恩节大餐一样。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，空格前一句的内容与rster构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词作状语。故填rstering。
【9题详解】
考查介词。句意：它是关于你们在一起吃食物的时间。空处为介词，根据spend time n sth.可知，空处缺少介词n。故填n。
【10题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：腊八粥是在中国烹饪传统中占有特殊地位的菜肴之一，它结合了历史、象征和社区意识。分析句子可知，空处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语“腊八粥”与cmbine为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填cmbining。
Sectin B 10’
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Cutting Salt May Lwer Bld Pressure as Much as Medicatin
Reducing daily salt intake by just ne teaspn, equivalent t apprximately 2,200 milligrams f sdium(钠), can lead t a bld pressure drp cmparable t that achieved with prescriptin antihypertensin (抗高血压) medicatin, reveals a recent study. Cnducted n 213 individuals aged 50 t 75, the research included participants bth n and ff bld pressure medicatin. Regardless f their initial measurements, all grups experienced a(n) ____11____ reductin in bld pressure after a week n a lw-sdium diet.
The study ____12____ the cmmn ntin that nly thse nt taking medicatin benefit frm salt reductin. Ntably, the bld pressure decrease bserved was similar t the effect seen when individuals start hypertensin medicatin. The investigatin aims t shed light n hw excess salt raises bld pressure, aside frm the cnventinal thery f increased water retentin causing hypertensin.
While sdium is ____13____ fr bdily functins, humans, evlutinarily did nt ____14____ t a high-sdium diet. The average daily sdium intake in the U.S. is arund 3,400 milligrams, mainly surced frm ____15____ and restaurant fds, exceeding the recmmended 2,300 milligrams by the FDA. Encuraging peple t reduce salt intake prves challenging and experts suggest ____16____ t lwer-sdium ptins instead f mere reductin. One prpsal is transitining frm regular sdium chlride t a blend f 75% sdium chlride and 25% ptassium chlride, a frm f salt ___17___ in health fd stres.
Changing dietary habits presents a puzzle, but histrical precedents, like the intrductin f idized (含碘的) salt in1924 t cmbat pediatric giters (儿科甲状腺肿), shw that ____18____ shifts are pssible.
Althugh ptassium-supplemented (含钾的) salt may nt be mainstream yet, it culd becme a future staple (基本食物) fr thse aiming t lwer sdium intake. Fr nw, cking at hme and ____19____ fr lwer-sdium remain practical _____20_____ fr individuals mindful f their salt cnsumptin.
【答案】11. J 12. C
13 A 14. D
15. B 16. E
17. F 18. G
19. I 20. H
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了减少盐摄入的重要性及其对降低血压的显著作用，并探讨了实现减盐目标的策略和挑战。文章通过科学研究结果和历史案例，论证了即使少量减少盐摄入也能带来与药物治疗相当的降血压效果。同时，文章也指出了改变饮食习惯的困难，并提出了替代方案，如使用低钠盐或含钾盐等，鼓励人们采取切实可行的措施来控制盐摄入，维护健康。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：无论他们最初的血压测量值如何，所有组在低钠饮食一周后血压都显著下降。根据下文“reductin in bld pressure after a week n a lw-sdium diet.”可知，低钠饮食一周后血压下降，这是显著的，应填significant，故选J项。
【12题详解】
考查动词。句意：这项研究挑战了只有那些没有服用药物的人才能从减盐中获益的普遍观点。根据下文“the cmmn ntin that nly thse nt taking medicatin benefit frm salt reductin.”可知，这项研究对那些不服药的人才能从减盐中受益的观点来说是挑战，故填challenges，故选C项。
【13题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然钠对身体机能是必需的，但从进化的角度来看，人类并没有适应高钠饮食。根据下文“fr bdily functins”可知，纳对身体机能来说是必须的，应填essential，故选A项。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：虽然钠对身体机能是必需的，但从进化的角度来看，人类并没有适应高钠饮食。根据“evlutinarily did nt ____4____ t a high-sdium diet.”可知，钠是身体机能必须得，但是人类没有适应高纳饮食，应填adapt，故选D项。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美国人平均每天摄入大约3400毫克的钠，主要来自加工食品和餐馆食物，超过了FDA建议的2300毫克。根据“mainly surced frm ____5____ and restaurant fds,”可知，美国人的钠摄入主要来自加工食品和餐馆食物，应填prcessed，故选B项。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：鼓励人们减少盐的摄入量被证明是具有挑战性的，专家建议改用低钠的选择，而不仅仅是减少。根据下文“t lwer-sdium ptins instead f mere reductin.”可知，专家建议选择低钠盐，应填switching，故选E项。
【17题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一种建议是从普通的氯化钠过渡到75%氯化钠和25%氯化钾的混合物，这种盐在健康食品商店有售。根据“a frm f salt ___7___ in health fd stres.”可知，这种盐在健康食品商店中可以购买到，应填available，故选F项。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：改变饮食习惯是一个难题，但是历史先例，例如1924年引入碘盐以对抗儿童甲状腺肿，表明大规模的转变是可能的。根据上文“like the intrductin f idized (含碘的) salt in1924 t cmbat pediatric giters (儿科甲状腺肿),”可知，大规模的转变是可能的，应填large-scale，故选G项。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：目前，在家做饭和选择低钠食物仍然是关注盐摄入量的人的实用策略。根据“cking at hme and ____9____ fr lwer-sdium remain practical”可知，选择低钠食物和在家做饭是实用的，应填pting，故选I项。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：目前，在家做饭和选择低钠食物仍然是关注盐摄入量人的实用策略。根据“cking at hme and ____9____ fr lwer-sdium remain practical 10____”可知，选择低钠食物和在家做饭是实用的策略，应填strategies，故选H项。
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin 30’
Sectin A 14’
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Scientists in Nrway have mre gd news fr cffee drinkers. Researchers have already fund evidence that the drink—r the beans can help with weight lss, ____21____ ne’s risk f develping sme diseases, ____22____ muscle grwth, prtect against certain types f cancers and can even reduce ne’s risk f premature death. Nw cmes wrd that a cup f cffee reduces physical pain.
The surprising finding is based n a study ____23____ 48 vlunteers wh agreed t spend 90 minutes perfrming fake cmputer tasks meant t mimic (模拟) ffice wrk. The tasks were knwn t ____24____ pain in the shulders, neck, frearms and wrists, and the researchers wanted t ____25____ hw peple with pain and thse wh were pain-free tlerated the pain f such tasks. As a matter f cnvenience, the scientists allwed peple t drink cffee befre taking the test “t avid unpleasant effects f caffeine deprivatin (缺乏), e.g. decreased energy and alertness, sleepiness, and ____26____,” they reprted.
But when it came time t analyze the data, the researchers frm Nrway’s Natinal Institute f Occupatinal Health and Osl University Hspital nticed that the 19 peple wh drank cffee reprted a lwer ____27____ f pain than the 29 peple wh didn’t. In the shulders and neck, ____28____, the average pain intensity was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr nn-cffee drinkers. Similar gaps were fund fr all pain sites measured, and cffee’s apparent pain-reductin effect ____29____.
Hwever, the authrs f the study, which was published this week in the jurnal BMC Research Ntes, cautined (提醒) that since the study wasn’t designed t test cffee’s influence n pain, the results came with many ____30____. Fr starters, the researchers dn’t knw hw much cffee the cffee drinkers cnsumed befre taking the cmputer tests. ____31____, they dubt whether the cffee drinkers and nn-cffee drinkers were ____32____ in all respects except fr their cffee cnsumptin. Prblems like these tend t ____33____ the imprtance f the findings. But thse dubts are ____34____ t truble the cffee drinkers lking fr any reasn nt t cut back n their daily caffeine habit.
21.
A. riseB. reduceC. releaseD. suffer
22.
A. shapeB. establishC. bstD. preserve
23.
A. invlvingB. researchingC. interviewingD. participating
24.
A. causeB. endureC. easeD. cure
25.
A. warnB. cmpareC. relieveD. treat
26.
A. exhaustinB. excitementC. delightD. hesitatin
27.
A. tendencyB. intentinC. intensityD. cmmitment
28.
A. n the cntraryB. as a resultC. fr instanceD. in ne wrd
29.
A. turned upB. brke utC. pinted utD. brke up
30.
A. satisfactinsB. uncertaintiesC. cnsequencesD. qualificatins
31.
A MreverB. HweverC. OtherwiseD. Therefre
32.
A. energeticB. similarC. impressiveD. initial
33.
A. realizeB. prveC. summariseD. weaken
34.
A. unlikelyB. sensibleC. influentialD. definite
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了挪威科学家为喝咖啡的人带来了更多好消息。研究人员已经发现证据表明，这种饮料或咖啡豆有助于减肥，降低患某些疾病的风险，促进肌肉生长，预防某些类型的癌症，甚至可以降低猝死的风险。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员已经发现证据表明，这种饮料或咖啡豆有助于减肥，降低患某些疾病的风险，促进肌肉生长，预防某些类型的疾病。A. rise上升；B. reduce降低；C. release释放；D. suffer受苦。根据上文“Researchers have already fund evidence that the drink — r the beans can help with weight lss”和下文“ne’s risk f develping sme diseases”、“prtect against certain types f cancers and can even reduce ne’s risk f premature death”可知，这里应该是咖啡或咖啡豆的一些好处，所以是“降低患某些疾病的风险”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员已经发现证据表明，这种饮料或咖啡豆有助于减肥，降低患某些疾病的风险，促进肌肉生长，预防某些类型的疾病。A. shape塑造；B. establish建立；C. bst促进；D. preserve保护。根据上文“Researchers have already fund evidence that the drink — r the beans can help with weight lss”、和下文“prtect against certain types f cancers and can even reduce ne’s risk f premature death”可知，这里应该是咖啡或咖啡豆的一些好处，所以是“促进肌肉生长”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项令人惊讶的发现是基于一项涉及48名志愿者的研究，他们同意花90分钟完成模拟办公室工作的虚拟电脑任务。A. invlving涉及；B. researching研究；C. interviewing采访；D. participating参与。根据下文“48 vlunteers wh agreed t spend 90 minutes perfrming fake cmputer tasks meant t mimic ffice wrk.”可知，研究涉及到48名志愿者。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，这些任务会引起肩部、颈部、前臂和手腕的疼痛，研究人员想要比较有疼痛感的人和没有疼痛感的人是如何忍受这些任务带来的疼痛的。A. cause引起；B. endure忍受；C. ease放松；D. cure治愈。根据下文“pain in the shulders, neck, frearms and wrists”可知，这些任务会“引起”肩、颈、前臂和手腕疼痛。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，这些任务会引起肩部、颈部、前臂和手腕的疼痛，研究人员想要比较有疼痛感的人和没有疼痛感的人是如何忍受这些任务带来的疼痛的。A. warn警告；B. cmpare比较；C. relieve缓解；D. treat对待。根据后文“hw peple with pain and thse wh were pain-free tlerated the pain f such tasks.”可知，研究人员对两种患者进行比较。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了方便起见，科学家们允许人们在测试前喝咖啡，“以避免咖啡因剥夺带来的不愉快影响，例如精力下降、警觉性下降、困倦和疲惫，”他们报告说。A. exhaustin疲惫；B. excitement兴奋；C. delight喜悦；D. hesitatin犹豫不决。根据上文“decreased energy and alertness, sleepiness”可知，这些影响是不愉快的情绪， exhaustin符合语境。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当分析数据时，来自挪威国家职业健康研究所和奥斯陆大学医院的研究人员注意到，19名喝咖啡的人报告的疼痛强度低于29名不喝咖啡的人。A. tendency倾向；B. intentin意图；C. intensity强度；D. cmmitment承诺。根据下文“In the shulders and neck, 8 , the average pain intensity was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr nn-cffee drinkers.”可知，这里意思是19名喝咖啡的人报告的疼痛强度比29名不喝咖啡的人要低。intensity是原词复现。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，在肩部和颈部，喝咖啡的人的平均疼痛强度为41分（满分为100分），不喝咖啡的人为55分。A. n the cntrary恰恰相反；B. as a result结果；C. fr instance例如；D. in ne wrd总之。根据下文“the average pain intensity was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr nn-cffee drinkers.”可知，这里在举例子。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在所有测量的疼痛部位都发现了类似的差异，咖啡明显的减轻疼痛的效果出现了。A. turned up出现；B. brke ut爆发；C. pinted ut指出；D. brke up分手。根据上文“the average pain intensity was rated 41 (n a 100-pint scale) amng the cffee drinkers and 55 fr nn-cffee drinkers”和“Similar gaps were fund fr all pain sites measured, and cffee’s apparent pain- reductin effect”可知，咖啡明显的减轻疼痛的效果出现了。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，本周发表在《BMC研究笔记》杂志上的这项研究的作者警告说，由于这项研究不是为了测试咖啡对疼痛的影响，因此结果存在许多不确定性。A. satisfactins满意；B. uncertainties不确定性；C. cnsequences后果；D. qualificatins资格。根据上文“since the study wasn’t designed t test cffee’s influence n pain”可知，结果存在许多不确定性。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们怀疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了咖啡摄入量不同之外，是否在其他方面都相似。A. Mrever此外；B. Hwever然而；C. Otherwise否则；D. Therefre因此。根据下文“they dubt whether the cffee drinkers and nn-cffee drinkers were 12 in all respects except fr their cffee cnsumptin.”可知，这是研究人员提出的另外一个质疑。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们怀疑喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人除了咖啡摄入量不同之外，是否在其他方面都相似。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. similar相似的；C. impressive令人印象深刻的；D. initial最初的。根据上文“Similar gaps were fund fr all pain sites measured, and cffee’s apparent pain-reductin effect”可知，研究人员提出的另外一个质疑是喝咖啡的人和不喝咖啡的人是否在除咖啡消耗量外的所有方面都相似。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像这样的问题往往会削弱研究结果的重要性。A. realize实现；B. prve证明；C. summarise总结；D. weaken削弱。根据上文“Hwever, the authrs f the study, which was published this week in the jurnal BMC Research Ntes, cautined (提醒) that since the study wasn’t designed t test cffee’s influence n pain, the results came with many”可知，这项研究的作者警告说，由于这项研究不是为了测试咖啡对疼痛的影响，因此结果存在许多不确定性，正是诸如此类的问题削弱了研究结果的重要性。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这些疑虑不太可能困扰那些想找理由不减少日常咖啡因摄入的咖啡饮用者。A. unlikely不太可能的；B. sensible明智的；C. influential有影响力的；D. definite肯定的。根据表示转折的连词“But”和空后的“t truble the cffee drinkers lking fr any reasn nt t cut back n their daily caffeine habit.”可知，结果存在许多不确定性，但这些疑虑不太可能困扰那些寻找任何理由不减少日常咖啡因习惯的咖啡饮用者。故选A项。
Sectin B 16’
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices-marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
It was Thanksgiving mrning and in the crwded kitchen f my small hme I was busy preparing the traditinal Thanksgiving turkey when the drbell rang. I pened the frnt dr and saw tw small children in rags huddling tgether inside the strm dr n the tp step.
"Any ld papers, lady?" asked ne f them.
I was busy. I wanted t say "n" until I lked dwn at their feet. They were wearing thin little sandals, wet with heavy snw.
"Cme in and I’ll make yu a cup f ht cca."
They walked ver and sat dwn at the table. Their wet sandals left marks upn the flr. I served them cca and bread with jam t fight against the cld utside. Then I went back t the kitchen and started again n my husehld budget.
The silence in the frnt rm struck me. I lked in. The girl held the empty cup in her hands, lking at it. The by asked in a flat vice, "Lady, are yu rich?"
I lked at my shabby slipcvers. The girl put her cup back in its saucer carefully and said, "Yur cups match yur saucers." Her vice was hungry with a need that n amunt f fd culd supply. They left after that, hlding their bundles f papers against the wind. They hadn’t said "Thank yu." They didn’t need t. They had reminded me that I had s much fr which t be grateful. Plain blue china cups and saucers were nly wrth five pence. But they matched.
I tasted the ptates and stirred the meat sup. Ptates and brwn meat sup, a rf ver ur heads, my man with a gd steady jb-these matched, t.
I mved the chairs back frm the fire and cleaned the living rm. The muddy prints f small sandals were still wet upn my flr. Let them be fr a while, I thught, just in case I shuld begin t frget hw rich I am.
35. Why did the writer let the children in?
A. She shwed great pity n them.
B. She had ld papers t sell.
C. She wanted t invite them t her Thanksgiving feast.
D. She wanted them t see hw rich she was.
36. The girl thught the writer was rich perhaps because_________.
A. she saw that the lady's rm was cmfrtable
B. she saw the cups matched the saucers
C. the writer’s slipcvers were very new
D. the writer was preparing a big meal while she was t hungry
37. Frm the passage, we can infer that whether yu are rich depends n __________.
A. hw much mney yu have hadB. hw yu feel abut yur life
C. hw yu have helped thersD. what jb yur husband is ding
38. The writer left the muddy prints f small sandals n the flr fr a while t_________
A. shw her husband that smene had cme
B. remind her that she had helped tw children
C. remind her that she was very rich in the neighbrhd
D. remind her hw life shuld be
【答案】35. A 36. B 37. B 38. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者在感恩节因为同情两个衣衫褴褛的小孩子，让他们进了屋里，其中女孩因为看到杯子和茶碟是配对的以为作者很富有，也提醒了作者意识到自己的生活是多么富有，有那么多值得感激的东西。
【35题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段I was busy. I wanted t say "n" until I lked dwn at their feet. They were wearing thin little sandals, wet with heavy snw.（我很忙。我想说“不”，直到我低头看着他们的脚。他们穿着一双薄薄的小凉鞋，被大雪打湿了。）可知作者让孩子们进来是因为她非常同情他们。故选A。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中The girl put her cup back in its saucer carefully and said, "Yur cups match yur saucers."（小女孩小心翼翼地把杯子放回茶碟里，说:“你的杯子和茶碟是配对的。”）可知这个女孩认为这个作家很富有，是因为她看到杯子和碟子是配对的。故选B。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中They had reminded me that I had s much fr which t be grateful.（他们提醒我，我有那么多值得感激的东西。）以及最后一段中Let them be fr a while, I thught, just in case I shuld begin t frget hw rich I am.（我想，暂时让他们去吧，以防我开始忘记我是多么富有。）可知从文章中，我们可以推断出你是否富有取决于你对生活的感觉。故选B。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中 The muddy prints f small sandals were still wet upn my flr. Let them be fr a while, I thught, just in case I shuld begin t frget hw rich I am.（在我的地板上，小凉鞋上的泥印仍然湿漉漉的。我想，暂时让他们去吧，以防我开始忘记我是多么富有。）可知作者把小凉鞋的泥印留在地板上一会儿，来提醒她自己的生活是多么富有。故选D。
(B)
The art f public speaking began in ancient Greece ver 2,000 years g. Nw, twitter, instant messaging, e-mail, blgs and chat frums ffer rival appraches t cmmunicatin - but nne can replace the rle f a great speech.
The spken wrd can handle varius vital functins: persuading r inspiring, infrming, paying tribute, entertaining, r simply intrducing smene r smething r accepting smething. Over the past year, the human vice has helped guide us ver the ups and dwns f what was certainly a strmy time.
Persuasin is used in dealing with r recnciling different pints f view. When the leaders met in Cpenhagen in December 2009, persuasive wrds frm activists encuraged them t cmmit themselves t firmer actin. Inspiratinal speeches cnfrnt the emtins. They fcus n tpics and matters that are clse t peple's hearts. During wars, generals used inspiring speeches t prepare the trps fr battle.
A speech that cnveys knwledge and enhances understanding can infrm us. The infrmatin must be clear, accurate, and expressed in meaningful and interesting way. When the H1N1 pandemic（流行病）was annunced, the idea f "swine flu" scared many peple. Infrmative speeches frm Wrld Health Organizatin fficials helped peple t keep their panic under cntrl s they culd take sensible precautins.
Sad events are never easy t deal with, but a speech that pays tribute t the lss f a lved ne and gives praise fr their cntributin can be cmfrting. Madnna's speech abut Michael Jacksn, after his death, highlighted the fact that he will cntinue t live n thrugh his music.
It's nt nly in wrld frums where public speaking plays an imprtant rle. It can als be surprisingly helpful in the curse f ur wn lives.
If yu're taking part in a debate yu need t persuade the listeners f the sundness f yur argument. In sprts, athletes knw the imprtance f a pep talk（鼓舞士气的讲话）befre a match t inspire teammates. Yu yurself may be asked t d a presentatin at cllege r wrk t infrm the thers abut an area f vital imprtance.
On a mre persnal level, a friend may be upset and need cmfrting. Or yu might be asked t intrduce a speaker at a family event r t speak at a wedding, where yur language will be needed t mve peple r make them laugh.
Great speaking ability is nt smething we're brn with. Even Barack Obama wrks hard t perfect every speech. Fr a brilliant speech, there are rules that yu can put t gd use. T learn thse rules, yu have t practice and learn frm sme utstanding speeches in the past.
39. The authr thinks the spken wrd is still irreplaceable because _______.
A. it has always been used t inspire r persuade peple.
B. it has a big rle t play in the entertainment business.
C. it plays imprtant rles in human cmmunicatin.
D. it is f great use in everyday-life cntext.
40. Which f the fllwing statements is INCORRECT abut the rle f public speaking?
A. Speeches at wrld frums can lead t effective slutins t wrld prblems.
B. Speeches frm medical authrities can calm peple dwn in times f pandemics.
C. The mrale f sldiers befre a battle can be bsted by senir fficers' speeches.
D. Speeches paying tribute t the dead can cmfrt the murners.
41. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing best explains the authr's view n "great speaking ability"?
A. It cmes frm bserving rules.
B. It can be perfected with easy effrt.
C. It can be acquired frm birth.
D. It cmes frm learning and practice.
42. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Public speaking in internatinal frums.
B. The many uses f public speaking.
C. Public speaking in daily life cntext.
D. The rules f public speaking.
【答案】39. D 40. A 41. D 42. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了不同类型演讲在正式场合以及我们生活中的作用。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段的“The spken wrd can handle varius vital functins: persuading r inspiring, infrming, paying tribute, entertaining, r simply intrducing smene r smething r accepting smething.”可知，演讲具有很多功能和作用，包括劝说、激励、科普、致敬、娱乐、简单介绍等等，演讲的这些作用决定了它的不可替代。故选D项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“Infrmative speeches frm Wrld Health Organizatin fficials helped peple t keep their panic under cntrl s they culd take sensible precautins. ”可知，世界卫生组织的科普性演讲抑制住了人们对于流行病的恐慌，所以B项正确；由第三段最后一句“During wars, generals used inspiring speeches t prepare the trps fr battle. ”可知，战前将军的激励演讲可以让军队做好备战，鼓舞士气，所以C项正确；由第五段的“Sad events are never easy t deal with, but a speech that pays tribute t the lss f a lved ne and gives praise fr their cntributin can be cmfrting.”可知，哀悼和歌颂具有安慰作用，故D项正确。综上，不正确的为A. Speeches at wrld frums can lead t effective slutins t wrld prblems.(在世界论坛上的发言可以有效地解决世界问题。)。故选A项。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一段的“T learn thse rules, yu have t practice and learn frm sme utstanding speeches in the past.”可知，出色的演讲能力需要训练，也需要学习借鉴一些过去的优秀演讲。故选D项。
【42题详解】
主旨大意题。纵观全文内容可知，文章先总体说明了演讲的各种功能作用，然后分类介绍了正式场合下不同演讲的作用以及生活中演讲的作用，属于总分结构的文章，文章主旨在段首和第二段——演讲不可替代，演讲有很多功能。故选B项。
【点睛】主旨大意题难度相对较大，解体的时候要避免以偏概全及扩大范围。在解答主旨大意题时，可以结合文章结构进行分析，常见的文章结构有总-分-总，总-分，分-总等等，如果文章符合这些结构，往往第一段或最后一段就是文章的主旨。如第4小题，就可以从文章的总-分结构出发，将中心内容锁定在第一段和第二段。
Ⅳ. Translatin 15’ (3+3+4+5)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
43. 我确信自信与成功紧密相连。(cnvince) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I am cnvinced that cnfidence ges hand in hand with success.
【解析】
【详解】考查宾语从句和短语、时态。句子陈述目前的事实，应用一般现在时，表示“我确信”用I’m cnvinced that…结构，that引导宾语从句，表示“自信”为cnfidence，表示“与……紧密相连”用g hand in hand with，从句主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，表示“成功”用success。故翻译为I am cnvinced that cnfidence ges hand in hand with success.
44. 她逐渐明白运动可以缓解很多负面情绪。(dawn, relieve) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Gradually it dawned n her that exercise culd relieve many negative emtins.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。表示“逐渐”用副词gradually，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。表示“明白……”用固定句型it dawns n sb. that，其中it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，根据语境可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式dawned，表示“她”用her，作宾语。主语从句中：表示“运动”用exercise，作主语；表示“可以”用情态动词culd；表示“缓解”用relieve，位于culd后，用动词原形；表示“负面的”用形容词negative，作定语，修饰名词“情绪”；表示“情绪”用emtin，结合句意可知，负面情绪不止一种，应用名词复数形式，作relieve的宾语；表示“很多”用many，故翻译为Gradually it dawned n her that exercise culd relieve many negative emtins.
45. 尽管面对重重困难，他依然坚持研究，最终实现了重大突破。(分词作状语) (汉译英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Thugh faced with all the difficulties, he persisted in his research, finally achieving a majr breakthrugh.
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词时态和短语。分析句子可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。表示“尽管面对重重困难”可以用让步状语从句，用Thugh he was faced with all the difficulties，be faced with意思为：面对；表示“坚持研究”用persist in his research，动词用过去式，从句主语和主句主语一致，且有be动词时，省略从句主语he和be动词；表示“最终实现了重大突破”用分词作状语，he与“实现重大突破achieve a majr breakthrugh”为主动关系，用现在分词作状语，“最终”用finally。故翻译为Thugh faced with all the difficulties, he persisted in his research, finally achieving a majr breakthrugh.
46. 我试着深呼吸，让自己平静下来，但我还是很紧张，这让我失去了得第一名的机会。（which）（汉译英）
【答案】I tried t take deep breaths t calm myself dwn, but I was still very nervus, which cst me the chance t get the first prize/which made me lse the chance t get the first prize.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和定语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“我试着深呼吸”是I tried t take deep breaths，“让自己平静下来”用不定式表目的，是t calm myself dwn，“但我还是很紧张”是but I was still very nervus，“这让我失去了得第一名的机会”用which引导的定语从句，可翻译为which cst me the chance t get the first prize/which made me lse the chance t get the first prize，因此整句话翻译为I tried t take deep breaths t calm myself dwn, but I was still very nervus, which cst me the chance t get the first prize/which made me lse the chance t get the first prize.
Ⅴ. Guided Writing(10%)
47. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 80-100 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw.
成功是每个人的梦想，每个人都有属于自己的成功，这样的成功不需要攀比。请叙述你所取得的成就之一，并解释背后的原因。
Yu may find the fllwing phrases useful in yur writing
strng-minded
enthusiastic
patience
creativity
thanks t
It was ne’s cmmitment t... that...
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Success is a dream fr everyne, and each persn has their wn definitin f success. It des nt require cmparisn with thers but rather persnal satisfactin. One f my achievements was getting an A in my English exam last semester. The reasn behind this achievement was that I was strng-minded and put in a lt f effrt int studying and practicing the language, attended extra classes after schl, read bks, watched mvies, and practiced writing essays regularly. Mrever, I sught help frm my teacher whenever I faced difficulties r had questins abut the subject matter. In cnclusin, it was ur cmmitment t ur gals that success can be achieved. It is imprtant t fcus n persnal grwth rather than cmparing neself t thers as everyne has their wn unique path t success.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求叙述你所取得的成就之一，并解释背后的原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
需要：require→need/want
努力：put in a lt f effrt int→spare n effrt t d
有规律地：regularly→n a regular basis
而不是：rather than→instead f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It is imprtant t fcus n persnal grwth rather than cmparing neself t thers as everyne has their wn unique path t success.
拓展句：It is imprtant that we fcus n persnal grwth rather than cmparing neself t thers as everyne has their wn unique path t success.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 The reasn behind this achievement was that I was strng-minded and put in a lt f effrt int studying and practicing the language, attended extra classes after schl, read bks, watched mvies, and practiced writing essays regularly.(运用了that引导的表语从句)
【高分句型2】 Mrever, I sught help frm my teacher whenever I faced difficulties r had questins abut the subject matter.(运用了wherever引导的状语从句)A. essential B. prcessed C. challenges D adapt E. switching
F. available G. large-scale H. strategies I. pting J. significant K. fresh
相关试卷
上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）： 这是一份上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题原卷版docx、上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共30页， 欢迎下载使用。
上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版）： 这是一份上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题原卷版docx、上海市进才中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试卷（原卷版+解析版）： 这是一份上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试卷（原卷版+解析版），文件包含上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试卷原卷版docx、上海市洋泾中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共32页， 欢迎下载使用。
