2024年高考考前最后一课之押题预测—英语

这是一份2024年高考考前最后一课之押题预测—英语，共234页。
考前技能篇
【考前技能篇1】听力理解的解题技巧……P2
【考前技能篇2】阅读理解的解题技巧….P26
【考前技能篇3】完形填空的解题技巧….P59
【考前技能篇4】语法填空的解题技巧
【考前技能篇5】七选五试题解题技巧….P88
【考前技能篇6】 短文改错的解题技巧.P112
【考前技能篇7】 应用文写作解题技巧.P122
【考前技能篇8】读后续写的解题技巧.P135
知识梳理篇
【知识梳理1】2014-2023高考已考过的词形转换79例
【知识梳理2】2024年高考可能考的名词词形转换109例…………………………………P150
【知识梳理3】2024年高考可能考的形容词词形转换70例………………………………P152
【知识梳理4】2024年高考可能考的阅读高频词120例………………………………….P154
【知识梳理5】2024年高考可能考的熟词生义100词……………………………………P156
【知识梳理6】2024年高考熟词生义18例…………………………………………….P165
【知识梳理7】2023年高考熟词生义33例……………………………………………
【知识梳理8】2022年高考熟词生义25例……………………………………………….P172
【知识梳理9】2021年高考熟词生义29例………………….……………………….P176
【知识梳理10】2020年高考熟词生义20例……………………….…………………….P180
【知识梳理11】2018-2023高考派生词合成词108例…………….………………………P182
临考心理篇
【临考心理篇1】冲刺阶段英语怎么复习备考
【临考心理篇2】高考倒计时即将清零，要有怎样的心理准备…………………………
考场注意篇
【考场注意篇】做好万全准备，决胜考场
考后疏导篇
【考后疏导篇1】七种方法舒缓高考后心理压力
【考后疏导篇2】高考结束适当娱乐可以放松不可放纵
终极押题篇
【终极押题】2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（新课标卷）…P210
易错梳理篇
【考前技能篇1】听力理解的解题技巧
高中英语听力测试部分在整套试题中占有重要地位。它要求大家从头到尾按顺序往下听，在有限的时间内做出选择，没有“回头看”的余地。因此大家学习一些应试技巧和解题的基本方法是很有必要的。
一、听力应试策略
听前：略读题目，切入话题，划出重点，预测内容（确定人物身份）
听中：捕捉信息，速记要点，有的放矢，去伪存真（短文独白,首末为主旨句,注意5W,1H）【when，where，what/which，wh，why，hw】
听后：连贯记忆，前后联系，综合考虑，一锤定音。
二、快速记录能力
心记：这种能力对于解决听力第1节的问题非常适用。笔记：
1)运用速记符号例如：↑up↓dwn ←left →right =equal
2)发明并运用字母的缩写形式Ex—expensive lg—large eq—earthquake
三、听力预测技巧
1.对话预测：在听取对话，尤其是Part1-5——Shrt Cnversatin时，考生可以按照下例wh-问题进行预测：
Wh are the tw speakers?
What is the pssible Relatinships between them?
When did they have the cnversatin?
Where did the cnversatin take place?
Why d they have the cnversatin?
What did they plan t d?
2.语篇预测：了解讲话者已提供和未提供的信息
What facts did the speaker ffer?
What facts did the speaker fail t ffer
依靠开篇句预测：英语听力的第一句话通常会透露整篇的主题，所以大家要善于抓住听力材料的首句信息。例如：Americans have a ppular saying“Time is mney。”
从这一句开篇句我们可以预测的信息范围：
1)这是一篇关于时间的话题。
2)涉及对象是美国人。
四、听力高分应试策略
[题材特点] 听力材料一般来源于实际生活，涉及到现实生活的方方面面，如日常生活、文化教育、传说、时事、人物、科普等。对话一般围绕一个日常生活的话题展开。如：购物、买票、道别、感谢、打电话、约会、偏爱、祝愿和祝贺、提供帮助、请求、问路、看病、求救等。
[考查热点]
1.语境判断：对话者身份、所处地点、情绪、天气状况等。
2.数字推算：电话号码、出生日期、金钱数字、路程距离、时间长短等。
3.行为预测：对话者谈话的主题，以及将要去干什么。
4,细节推断：事情发生的时间、地点、原因、经过、结果等。
5.对话涉及话题：计划打算、工作学习、购物、旅游、看病、生日、体育、求助等
1.领略主旨大意，概括话题内容
这类试题在高中听力试题中约占2小题，它要求我们对听到的内容有一个整体的把握和全面的领会，抓住说话者究竟在说什么。任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的，有时主旨大意较明显，有时则需要归纳、概括。常见的提问方式有：
What’s the passage mainly abut?
What’s the tpic f the passage?
What are the tw speakers ding?
What are the tw speakers talking abut?
What is the dialgue/cnversatin abut?
2.捕捉主要细节，确认具体事实
这类试题在高中听力试题中约占8小题。它要求我们听清、听懂与话题中心相关的具体信息，准确理解具体细节，如时间、地点、人物、价钱、数量、目的、原因、结果等。同时，还要求我们对所听到的信息进行简单的处理，比如数字运算、时间顺序、比较筛选、同义转换、因果关系等。理解具体信息有助于把握话题内容，领会说话者意图，这是听力考查的重点内容。常见的提问方式有：
Where is the wman ging?
Hw des the man pay fr the tickets?
What’s wrng with the girl?
When des the wman plan t arrive?
What’s the man’s huse number?
Hw many hurs des Tm sleep a day?
Why des the man thank the wman?
Which f the fllwing is true?
3.推测谈话背景，辨认角色关系
这类试题在高中听力试题中约占5小题，要求我们从谈话或说话的话题和语气来推断出对话双方（或说话人）的职业身份，彼此之间（或与他人）的关系，对话发生的时间、地点或场合等。常见的提问方式有：
Where des this cnversatin take place?
Where is the wman speaking?
Where did the cnversatin mst likely happen?
When des the dialgue take place?
Wh d yu think the wman prbably is?
What’s the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
4.领会弦外之音，揣摩观点意图
这类试题在高中听力试题中约占5小题，它要求我们从话语中听出其中可能有的“弦外之音”，也就是揣摩说话人的意图、观点或态度等，常见的提问方式有：
What can we learn frm the cnversatin/speakers?
What can we knw /learn abut the wman?
What des the man mean?
What des the speakers want t tell us?
What is the prbable result f the cnversatin?
五、常见高考听力考点归纳和总结
1.数字
许多听力材料中涉及数字，例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等，并且会以基数词、序数词、分数、小数、百分比等形式出现，这就要求大家辨别各种形式的数字，还要熟悉数字之间的关系。例如：
减价：20%ff，special ffer，special price，25% discunt，sale
原价：regular price，nrmal price
增长：10% increase in? 1/3 climb in?
下降：23% fall in?5.5% decrease in?
提示1：如对电话号码、门牌号、航班号、车牌号等，大家可采取听写记录所需数字。
提示2：对判断类数字题需要在听到的两个或两个以上数字中判断符合题意的数字。
提示3：对推断类数字题则通常涉及到简单的数学四则运算，需稍加计算，才能得出正确答案。
2.地点
地点型试题主要考查地点，该项内容的考查多为以where开头的特殊疑问句，如：Where des the cnversatin mst prbably take place?(这段对话最可能发生在什么场合?)解这类试题时，我们需要有一些积累和推断。
提示1：熟悉、积累常用地名，如国家、首都、大城市、著名的标志性建筑以及山川河流的名称等
提示2：熟悉、积累与各个地点场所有关的单词、短语、句型和场景。
3.推断
推断型试题不仅包括推断数字和地点，还常考查学生对人物身份、关系，人物态度、情感以及事件原因的推断。一般来说，此类题通常出现在短对话中。
提示1：平时熟悉、积累不同人物身份及人物关系所对应的单词、短语、句型和场景，测试时根据对话内容所提供的称呼语、关键词，结合生活常识进行判断。
提示2：熟悉、积累不同语音语调所表达的不同意思，以及特定单词、短语和句型所表达的隐含信息，进行准确判断。
提示3：认真听清事件发生的全部过程及前因后果，去粗取精，去伪存真，才能找出事件发生的真正原因。
六、听力题型应试对策
1.场景型问题
解题技巧：分析选项目, 预测可能出现的词汇,短语,句子.
仔细辨认对话中的语境相关词,特别是场景词汇及习惯用语.
2.人物关系及身份题
解题技巧：仔细辨认对话中的职业相关词,抓住其相关的关键词进行答题。
在听人物之间关系的题目时，说话人之间的语气尤其重要，如果是上司跟下属之间的关系，语气一般较强硬，有命令的意味；而如果是夫妻之间，则语气较为甜蜜，随意；朋友之间较亲切；服务员对顾客一般较尊敬。
3.数字型问题
解题技巧：数字、时间类题可分为直接信息型和间接信息型两种。
对于直接信息型的题，答案在录音中直接给出, 大家可以很容易地选出;
而间接信息型的题是录音中出现至少两个数字/时间, 需要听清这些数字/时间, 并搞清楚它们之间的关系, 有时需要用简单的加减乘除运算来确定答案。
要注意区分-teen和-ty及fur和five的发音；辨别多位数，如电话号码，门牌等。
无论是哪种计算，其特点是计算都较简单，一般不会超出口算和心算的范围。在做题的过程当中,最好做简要的笔记。这类题的特点是学生听到什么就选什么往往会错。
4. 推理判断题
解题技巧：该题型在高考听力试题中所占比例较大。判断原因有时很容易, 往往在录音中有 because, because f, fr, as, since, nw that, due t, wing t, that’s why ... 等暗示信息。而有时要通过上下文来进行逻辑推理。做这类题时要把握好关键词、句, 审好题干, 做好听前预测, 边听边记录。
1．捕捉“弦外之音“，如降调表示赞同肯定；升调表示怀疑、惊讶或否定。
2．侧重but词后的信息，这些词后的信息往往比较重要。
3．注意一些语法结构的运用，如虚拟语气表示与事实相反；否定比较级结构表示最高级；
I wish I culd be in 2 places at nce.
It culdn’t be better.
I culdn’t agree mre.
Yu can never/nt be t careful
I have never seen a better film.
听力中要特别注意but 后的内容。因为but前的往往是婉转的客套话，而后面的才是真正的心里话，在口语表达中更常见的还有以下几个连接标志：t be hnest, t tell the truth, in fact, as a matter f fact,actually等
I’d like…, but…
I was planning t…, but…
I’m srry t hear that, but…
That’s great, but…
5.观点态度题
说话者的意图、观点或态度也和具体语言环境有关，只有结合具体语境进行归纳或推理，才能理解说话者真正的意图、观点或态度。
解题技巧：注意对话中肯定与否定回答.
肯定回答: Yes/Abslutely/ I agree with yu… ;
否定回答: I’m srry, I’m busy nw，I’m afraid I can’t……
常见语气词:well—委婉否定
6.主旨大意题
这类题不仅要求大家能够听懂对话或独白, 而且要求具有较高的概括能力。
七、听力场景词汇总结
高考考试的对话内容场景基本上都是考生所熟悉的，有校园、生活、工作、各种社交场所。了解一些场景下的常用语和常见表达对解题是很有帮助的。对这些常用词汇和短语不仅要知道其本身的意思，还要知道它们的同义表达方式。这是因为现在听力试题一般不会在选项中出现对话中的原词和词组。以下场景是对话当中所占比例最大的，掌握了这些场景下的常用短语和表达方式，也就从词汇和短语方面抓住了解题的关键。
1.餐馆场景
rder点菜；serve上菜；change零钱；Keep the change!不用找零钱了！tip小费；treat请客(This is my treat!我请客!)；g Dutch AA制 (Let’s g fifty fifty. ) ；steak牛排；cheese奶酪；sandwich三明治；bacn腌肉；sup汤；plain water自来水(西餐中洗手用的)；dessert甜品，水果(作为正餐的最后一道)；g ut fr dinner / dinner ut出去吃饭；snack bar小吃街，大排挡；hamburger汉堡包；cke可口可乐；French fries炸薯条；dining hall食堂；cffee shp咖啡店；restaurant餐馆；cafeteria自助餐厅或食堂；canteen食堂.
2. 邮局场景
stamp envelpe package /parcel包裹；verweight超重；extra pstage额外邮资；send / pst / deliver a letter /mail寄/发信；express mail快件；airmail航空信件；surface mail陆地邮寄；pen an accunt开一个账户。
3.图书馆场景
library card；brrw；lend；keep；renew续借；bkshelf；nvel；science fictin科幻小说；magazine；peridical期刊；reference bk；librarian图书管理员；pay a fine交罚款；Can I help yu? / What can I d fr yu?
4.医院及健康场景
aspirin 阿司匹林；regular dctr私人医生；emergence department急诊室；ICU (= intensive care unit)特护病房；treatment治疗手段；take ne’s temperature / bld pressure测量体温/血压；medicine/pills /tablets药丸/药片；heart attack心脏病；cld / flu流感；have/ catch a cld；pain；headache；stmach-ache；backache；sre-thrat喉咙痛；cugh; fever；What’s up?(多用于男生之间)Hw is it ging? Hw are yu?回答：I’m fine. / I feel gd/ terrific. / I culdn’t be better. / Nthing is very wrng with me.好。I am nt feeling gd. / I feel terrible/hrrible/awful. /I am nt myself these days.不好。(注意听语气：身体好的时候，语调上扬，语气非常欢快；身体不好的时候，降调，语气非常郁闷。)
5.电话场景
peratr接线员；Extensin six tw tw six, please.请转 6226。The line is bad / busy / engaged. It kept a busy line.电话占线。lng distance call长途电话；cllect call对方付费的电话；put thrugh接通电话；hld n / up；Hld the line, please. Hell! This is... speaking. Wh’s speaking? / wh is this? call / telephne / ring / phne sb.；give sb. a call / ring；I’ll call back later / again. I’ll ring him / her up again. I culdn’t get thrugh. Srry, I’m afraid yu have the wrng number.
6. 酒店场景
make a reservatin预订房间；receptin desk接待处；check in人住；check ut结账；single rm单间；suite 套间；D yu have a reservatin, Sir? Have yu gt any vacant rm? (=Is there any rm available here?)有空房间吗？All the rm are ccupied.房间已满。Can I have a suite please? Hw much d yu charge fr that? Smking r n smking? Meals included.包括饮食。Can I shw yu yur rm? / Can I carry yur luggage?
7.超速场景
speeding；May I see yur license, please? Yu will be fined by $20.
8. 购物场景
stre杂货店；department stre百货商场；shpping center购物中心；
商品信息：size；clr；style；price；What clr/size/kind d yu want?商品论贵贱：expensive, cheap；价格论高低：high, lw；bargain便宜货；ppular /fashinable流行的；in fashin流行，时尚；ut f fashin过时的；brand品牌；cunter柜台；pay in cash用现金支付；pay in check用支票支付；credit card 信用卡；shp assistant 商店营业员；ut f stck脱销/缺货；in stck有货。
9. 天气场景
cludy阴天；vercast多云；thunder打雷；strng/high wind大风；trnad龙卷风；typhn台风；strm风暴；blizzard暴风雨；It rains cats and dgs. (=The rain is puring.) 下着倾盆大雨。dwnpur倾盆大雨；shwer阵雨；clear up天空放晴；put away clthes下雨收衣服；weather in Lndn / Seattle意指不好的天气；weather in Califrnia意指好天气；经常和天气相联系的情况：vacatin和flight (航班)(be delayed/cancelled by the bad weather)
10. 机场场景
airprt机场；flight航班；Welcme nbard.欢迎登机。bund fr...飞往……方向去的；check in办理登机手续；behind schedule晚点；take ff起飞；land降落。
11.人物关系
试题中常涉及到的人物关系对话中常涉及的人物关系包括：夫妻(husband-wife)、父子(father- sn)、母女(mther -daughter)、师生(teacher-student)、同学(schlmates/classmates)、同事(clleagues)、老板与秘书(bss - secretary)、雇主与雇员(emplyer-emplyee)、医生与病人 (dctr-patient) 、服务员与顾客 (waiter/waitress - custmer) 、主人与客人 (hst/hstess - guest)、警察与司机(pliceman- driver)、管理员与借阅者(1ibrarian- reader)、房东与租房者(1andlrd/1andlady-tenant)、接见者；采访者与被接见者，被访问者(interviewer-interviewee) 等。
八、2023年全国新高考I&II卷听力解析
1. 话题概述：
2023年高考英语新高考I、II卷中听力部分选材多样化，话题贴近日常生活，包括周末计划、结账、与朋友相约见面、上大学的感受等。选材围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题语境。本次听力考试突出显示英语的人际交往功能（包括陌生人之间、朋友之间、店主和顾客之间以及采访者和被采访者之间），实用性强，能够培养学生在人际交往中熟练地使用英语沟通的能力。
2. 亮点呈现：
Text 2向陌生人求助帮忙看包，显示了陌生人之间的信任关系；
Text 8意外获得姐姐（妹妹）的一本旧书，对话安排巧妙且有曲折，显现了浓厚的亲情关系；
Text 9采访一名学生的上学感受，贴近学生生活、关注学生情感；
Text 10推销一本生活杂志，提醒人们享受美好生活。
3. 设题规律：
本套题有10个事实细节题；8个推理判断题；1个主旨大意题；1个观点态度题。
疑问词分布相对均衡：12个what，1个when，3个why，2个where，1个hw，1个wh。
设题方面：题干设置灵活度高，且有难度。选项设置简短，干扰性强，更加注重考查学生对信息的推理、转换以及快速反应能力。
4. 播音特点
主播：英美组合，同2023年1月浙江卷/山东卷和2022年11月二级卷。
语速：约130词/分。原文单词量：860左右。
注意变化：第二节的结构是2-2-4-4-3，此前高考真题中从未出现过。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分1.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Jack prbably d this weekend?
A. G camping. B. Visit a friend. C. Watch a film.
Text 1 【周末计划】词数:33
W: Jack, are yu ging camping with yur friends this weekend?
M: It depends. If it’s sunny, we’ll g.
W: The weatherman says it’s ging t rain.
M: In that case, we’ll g t the cinema instead.
1. C。【解析】事实细节题。Jack说如果这周末天气晴朗，他和朋友就去露营。女士说天气预报说要下雨。根据Jack的话“In that case, we’ll g t the cinema instead.”可知，Jack这周末可能要去看电影。故选C。
2. What des the wman ask the man t d?
A. Take care f her bags. B. Pack the fd fr her. C. Check the train schedule.
Text 2 【求助】 词数:36
W: Excuse me, culd yu mind my bags fr a mment? I want t buy sme fd at the cnvenience stre.
M: N prblem. But be quick. It was annunced that my train will arrive in 10 minutes.
2. A。【解析】事实细节题。考查同义转换。根据女士的话“Excuse me, culd yu mind my bags fr a mment?”可知，女士请求男士帮她看一下行李。故选A。原文中的mind转换成了take care f。
3. When will the man see Bb?
A. This Friday. B. This Saturday. C. Next Mnday.
Text 3 【计划与安排】 词数:37
W: Mark came ut f hspital last Friday. Have yu gt a chance t visit him?
M: I plan t see him this Saturday.
W: Aren’t yu ging t the cnference then?
M: N. It has been rescheduled fr next Mnday.
3. B。【解析】事实细节题。女士说Bb出院了，问男士去看望Bb了没。男士说他打算这周六去。女士问男士这周六不是要开会吗，男士说会议已经改到下周一。由此可知，男士这周六将去看望Bb。故选B。
4. Why des the man aplgize?
A. Fr the terrible fd. B. Fr the vercharge. C. Fr the waiter’s rudeness.
Text 4 【因算错账退顾客钱】词数:37
M: Srry, Miss. We made a terrible mistake adding up the bill. Here is the ten dllars we have t return t yu.
W: Oh, I didn’t ntice that. It’s OK. Dn’t blame the waiter. He’s been really nice.
4. B。【解析】推理判断题。根据男士的话“Srry, Miss. We made a terrible mistake adding up the bill. Here is the ten dllars we have t return t yu.”可知，服务员在结账时犯了一个严重的错误，所以男士把10美元还给女士。由此可以推断出，服务员多收了女士10美元，所以向她道歉。故选B。
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Writing a bk. B. Hlding a celebratin. C. Buying a present.
Text 5 【新年礼物】词数:31
W: D yu think we shuld get Steve a bk fr the New Year?
M: Bks are gd. But Steve wuldn’t take just any bk. He has had this particular ne n gegraphy.
5. C。【解析】主旨大意题。对话开头女士问男士是否应该给Steve买本书作为新年礼物。男士说书很好，但Steve不会接受随便的书。结合整个对话可知，说话者主要围绕给Steve买新年礼物这个话题展开对话的。故选C。
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why des Sara make the phne call?
A. T ask fr advice. B. T arrange an uting. C. T cancel an appintment.
7. What des David want t d?
A. G t a dinner party. B. Talk t Sara in persn. C. Wrk n the new case.
Text 6 【相约见面】词数:88
M: Hell, Sarah.
W: Hell, David. I can’t cme fr dinner tnight. (6) Srry.
M: Oh, what happened?
W: We’ve gt a new case and things get pretty crazy here in the ffice.
M: Well, then I’ll cme t yu.
W: N, n, nt tnight. Let me see if I can arrange anther night.
M: Sarah, please. We need t talk. (7) It’s abut my jb.
W: Then tell me n the phne. (7)
M: N, it’s better if we d it in persn. (7) Hw abut tmrrw night?
W: I’m nt sure. Yu can give me a call tmrrw afternn.
M: OK.
6. C。【解析】推理判断题。根据Sara的话“Hell, David. I can’t cme fr dinner tnight. Srry.”可知，她打电话告诉David今晚不能和他共进晚餐了。接着她说明了自己无法赴约的原因。由此可推断出，Sara打电话来是为了取消约会。故选C。
7. B。【解析】事实细节题。根据David的话“We need t talk. It’s abut my jb.”及Sara的话“Then tell me n the phne.”可知，David想找Sara谈谈他的工作，Sara建议在电话里说。结合David的话“N, it’s better if we d it in persn.”可知，他想找Sara当面谈。故选B。
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where is Jim nw?
A. In a taxi. B. On a bus. C. In his ffice.
9. What is the wman’s suggestin?
A. Ging t the city center. B. Taking a shrt cut hme. C. Meeting Jim in the park.
Text 7 【有客人拜访，着急赶回家】词数:99
W: Jeff will call n us this afternn. D yu knw where he is nw?
M: Er... wait. Let me see. He has sent tw messages saying that he’s dne with his wrk at the ffice and gt a taxi and... and he’ll arrive in twenty minutes. (8)
W: We can’t keep him waiting utside ur hme. We have t hurry.
M: But it takes at least half an hur t get t the city center by bus. Lk at the traffic.
W: Let’s get ff. (9) We can save at least twenty minutes by walking thrugh the park.(9)
M: Are yu sure?
W: Yes. A hundred percent.
8. A。【解析】推理判断题。根据男士的话“He has sent tw messages saying that he’s dne with his wrk at the ffice and gt a taxi and... and he’ll arrive in twenty minutes.”可知，Jim发来两条信息告诉男士说他已完成了工作、打上了出租车，还说他大约20分钟后到。由此可推断出，Jim现在在出租车上。故选A。
9. B。 【解析】推理判断题。根据女士的话“Let’s get ff. We can save at least twenty minutes by walking thrugh the park.”可知，她建议下车步行穿过公园回家，这样可以节省至少20分钟。由此可推断出，女士建议抄近路回家。故选B。
听第8段材料, 回答第10至13题。
10. What did Clara d at the weekend?
A. She planted vegetables. B. She went t a yard sale. C. She visited her grandpa.
11. What did Mark find inside ne f the bks he bught?
A. A plane ticket. B. A family pht. C. A pst card.
12. Where des Mark live?
A. Ls Angeles. B. Chicag. C. Philadelphia.
13. What is the relatinship between Mark and Ashley?
A. Brther and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter.
Text 8 【意外获得姐姐的一本旧书】词数:176
W: Mrning, Mark.
M: Mrning, Clara. Hw was yur weekend?
W: Great. I went t my grandpa’s.(10) He invited us t pick vegetables n his farm. My daughter had a great time there. What abut yu?
M: Oh, I had a truly incredible experience. I drpped by a yard sale n Saturday and gt several bks.
W: Nvels?
M: A nvel and tw petry cllectins. As I leafed thrugh the nvel, a piece f paper fell ut. It was an air ticket frm 2012.(11) The flight was frm Ls Angeles t Chicag and the name n the ticket was Ashley Luis.
W: Was it?
M: Yes. Ashley, my sister.(13) In 2012, she lived in Ls Angeles and her husband wrked in Chicag. Bth f them ften flew between tw cities. I asked the seller where he gt the bk. He said it was bught at a secnd-hand bkstre in Ls Angeles three years ag.(12) Last year, he and his family mved frm Ls Angeles t Philadelphia.
W: S, all the way acrss the cuntry, yur sister’s ld bk landed in yur hands. That’s really crazy.
10. C。【解析】事实细节题。根据Clara的话“I went t my grandpa’s.”可知，她去了祖父家。故选项C。选项A很具有干扰性，注意录音中是pick vegetables（采摘蔬菜），而不是planted vegetables（种植蔬菜）。
11. A。【解析】事实细节题。根据Mark的话“As I leafed thrugh the nvel, a piece f paper fell ut. It was an air ticket frm 2012.”可知，当他快速翻阅那本小说时，一张纸从里面掉出来了，那是一张2012年的机票。故选A。
12. C。【解析】推理判断题。根据Mark的话“I asked the seller where he gt the bk. He said it was bught at a secnd-hand bkstre in Ls Angeles three years ag. Last year, he and his family mved frm Ls Angeles t Philadelphia.”可知，他询问书商从哪里得到这本书的，书商说是从洛杉矶的二手书店买的。去年他们一家从洛杉矶搬到了费城。由此可推断出，Mark是在费城买到的这本书，他居住在费城。故选C。
点拨：此题有一定的难度，因为录音中没有直接表明Mark的居住地，而是通过书商的所在地来推测出来Mark的居住地的。此段出现了3个地名，学生在听录音时，需做好笔记，整体理解这段话，方可得出答案。
13. A。【解析】事实细节题。根据Mark的话“Ashley, my sister.”可知，他与Ashley是姐弟（兄妹）关系。故选A。
听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。
14. What is prbably the wman?
A. A teacher. B. A jurnalist. C. An athlete.
15. What des Victr find difficult as a member f the basketball team?
A. Adapting himself t the intense training.
B. Dealing with the pressure frm the cach.
C. Regaining the skills learned in high schl.
16. What des Victr say abut the players n the team?
A. They are f the same age.
B. They are similar in character.
C. They are frm different cuntries.
17. Hw des Victr feel abut his team nw?
A. It’s abut t break up. B. It’s the best in Indiana. C. It’s getting strnger.
Text 9 【在印第安纳州上大学的感受】词数:166单词
W: Victr, yu’ve been here in Indiana fr six weeks nw. Hw are yu feeling?
M: I think I’ve gt used t cllege life, ging t classes, wrking ut and hanging ut with my friends. Thugh there’s pressure t meet deadlines, life here is never bring.
W: What’s been hard abut being an Indiana basketball player? (15)
M: Well, the training is very cmpetitive, weightlifting and running every day.(15) It’s nt like high schl. In high schl, I really didn’t have t d that. I’m just trying t get used t it. And I think I am.
W: At this pint, hw d yu see yurself fitting int this grup?
M: I think we’re all different. Gerge is frm Britain. Chris and Le are frm Australia. I’m frm France. And the rest are Americans.(16) But I get alng with everybdy. Yu knw, we are really starting t bnd. It’s great t see hw we grw each day as a team. (17)
W: Thanks, Victr. I wish yu a very happy and fruitful stay in Indiana.
14. B。【解析】推理判断题。考查职业身份。女士以Victr在印第安纳州上大学的感受为提问的开始，接下来她又问了Victr作为篮球运动员的一些事项，最后她向Victr表达感谢和祝愿。由此可推断出，女士可能是一名记者。故选B。
15. 【解析】事实细节题。女士问Victr作为一名印第安纳州的篮球运动员有什么困难。根据Victr的回答“Well, the training is very cmpetitive, weightlifting and running every day... I’m just trying t get used t it.”可知，每天高强度的训练让他难以适应。故选A。
16. C。【解析】事实细节题。根据Victr的话“I think we’re all different. Gerge is frm Britain. Chris and Le are frm Australia. I’m frm France. And the rest are Americans.”可知，篮球队的成员来自不同的国家。故选C。
17. C。【解析】观点态度题。根据Victr的话“Yu knw, we are really starting t bnd. It’s great t see hw we grw each day as a team.”可知，他认为球员之间开始亲近、逐渐增强信任关系，他们的团队每天都在成长。故选C。
听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。
18. Wh is Tm Hkinsn?
A. Funder f a magazine. B. Publisher f a nvel. C. Editr f a newspaper.
19. What d we knw abut the cntent f The Idler?
A. It’s ld-fashined. B. It’s wide-ranging. C. It’s student-targeted.
20. Why des the speaker give the talk?
A. T d a prmtin. B. T discuss an issue. C. T intrduce a lecturer.
Text 10 【鼓励订阅杂志《闲人》】词数:160
W: Gd evening, dear listeners. When was the last time yu enjyed leisure activities? D yu want t live a full and happy life? Tday, I’m ging t intrduce yu t a magazine that features the art f living. The Idler was launched by Tm Hdgkinsn, back in 1993.(18) With the intentin f prviding a bit f fun, freedm and achievement in the busy wrld, it is nw published bimnthly. In every issue, yu will find an interesting mix f interviews and essays n the gd life, histry, philsphy, arts and fashin phtgraphy.(19) Yu will find much t laugh at and much useful stuff as well, frm recipes fr making bacn t guides t husekeeping. If yu ever felt that there is mre t life than bring jbs, then why nt subscribe t it? The Idler is a cheering read that makes yu feel better abut life. Yu can dwnlad the applicatin and subscribe tday t get yur first issue free. (20)
18. A。【解析】事实细节题。根据“The Idler was launched by Tm Hkinsn, back in 1993.”可知，The Idler是一本杂志，由Tm Hkinsn发起。故Tm Hkinsn是杂志的创始人。故选A。
19. B。【解析】推理判断题。根据“In every issue, yu will find an interesting mix f interviews and essays n the gd life, histry, philsphy, arts and fashin phtgraphy. Yu will find much t laugh at and much useful stuff as well, frm recipes fr making bacn t guides t husekeeping.”可知，每一期杂志都包含了有关生活、历史、哲学、艺术和时尚摄影等内容。你会发现很多有趣的东西，也会发现很多有用的东西，从制作培根的食谱到家政指南。由此可推断出，这本杂志的内容取材广泛。故选B。
20. A。【解析】推理判断题。说话者先介绍了杂志The Idler的创始人、创办时间和内容，最后推荐大家下载申请表、订阅杂志。故推断，说话者是为了推销这本杂志。故选A。
九、2023年全国甲&乙卷英语听力解析
听力概述与复习备考建议
语 音：美音
词 数： 861
语 速： 138词 / 分
考 点：事实细节13个，推理判断: 3个，主旨要义题 2个，观点和态度题 2个
材料特征：话题具有多样性，文学艺术方面话题涉及的专业词汇较多，人名地名比较复 杂且设了题，增加了难度，话语流畅，贴近真实语境
备考建议：1. 积累同义词，能够在听力中运用同义转述解题
2. 关注熟词新义
3. 积累话题词汇
4. 能够进行简单的推理判断
5. 独白近几年常考体美劳方面内容，要多关注
6. 整体语速138w/m相比去年要快，尤其前五题141-163w/m，比去年101-138w/m要快很多。6-20题相差不大。建议要适应不同语速的材料，前五题要加强练习。
7. 整体难度比去年要难，要重视听力，适应不同主播，不同口音。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分1.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In the bk stre. B. In the register ffice. C. In the drm building.
Text 1【问路指引】词数:32;用时:11.8”;语速:163词/分。
W: Culd yu please tell me hw I can get t the student drm building?
M: Sure. Turn left when yu walk ut f this register ffice, pass the bkstre and yu'll see it.
1.答案是B。事实细节题。依据答语“Turn left when yu walk ut f this register ffice”推断对话是在登记处进行的。故选B。
2. What is the weather like nw?
A. Sunny. B. Cludy. C. Rainy.
Text2【天气和季节】词数:37:用时:14”;语速:159词/分。
M: We culdn't ask fr a better day, culd we, Barbara?
W: I knw, Steve. There isn’t a clud in the sky. I lve this time f year.
M: Me t. The flwers are beautiful but calling fr rain thugh.
2. 答案是A。事实细节题。依据答语“There isn’t a clud in the sky. I lve this time f year”推断天空没有云层，天气晴朗。故选A。
3. What des the man want t d n the weekend?
A. D sme gardening. B. Have a barbecue. C. G fishing.
Text 3【周末计划】词数:27;用时:10.9”;语速:149词/分。
M: We gt any plans this weekend?
W: We might start with ur vegetable garden then the barbecue.
M: Sunds fun, but I still want t g fishing with Gerg.
3. 答案是C。事实细节题。依据答语“but I still want t g fishing with Gerg”推断男士周末想去钓鱼。英语听力对话注意转折之后爱出题。故选C。
4. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A new ffice. B. A change f their jbs. C. A frmer clleague.
Text 4【询问近况】词数:41;用时:107”;语速:168词/分。
M: Lisa, I saw Jack this mrning.
W: Yu mean the frmer designer f ur cmpany? What’s he ding these days?
M: He said he's gt a new jb as an art reprter.
4. 答案是C。主旨大意题。依据内容得知，第一波提及Jack，第二波提及Jack是公司以前的员工，第三波提及Jack最近找到一份新工作，由此推断本对话围绕一名以前同事展开。故选C。
5. What d we knw abut Andrew?
A. He’s ptimistic. B. He’s active. C. He’s shy.
Text 5 【学生会活动】词数:33; 用时:14.4”; 语速:138词/分。
W: D yu ften g t the student unin, Andrew?
M: Pretty much. Once in a while I meet friends there and I spend a lt f time rganizing activities in different clubs r assciatins.
5. 答案是B。推理判断题。依据内容得知，依据答语知道Andrew经常去学生会，花费很多时间组织俱乐部活动-，由此推断Andrew非常活跃。故选B。
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which f the fllwing des the wman dislike?
A. The bedrm. B. The sitting rm. C. The kitchen.
7. What des the wman suggest they d next?
A. G t anther agency. B. See sme ther flats. C. Visit the neighburs.
Text 6【公寓比选】词数:61;用时:23.7”;语速:154词/分。
W: What d yu think, Terry?
M: Well, it has ne mre bedrm than the last flat and the sitting rm is big.
W: But there is nt enugh cupbard space in the kitchen.(6)
M: It's cheaper than the last ne we saw and it is in a gd neighbrhd.
W: Well, maybe we'll have t see if the agent has anything else t shw us. (7)
6. 答案是C。观点态度题。依据第二波对话得知，男士对卧室和客厅满意，但女士认为厨房橱柜空间不够，由此推断她对厨房不满意。故选C。
7. 答案是B。事实细节题。依据maybe we'll have t see if the agent has anything else t shw us.得知女士希望中介再推荐其他单元房。故选B。
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man ding?
A. He’s making a phne call.
B. He’s chairing a meeting.
C. He’s hsting a prgram.
9. What makes Mrs. Jhnsn wrried abut her daughter in Africa?
A. Lack f medical supprt.
B. Incnvenience f cmmunicatin.
C. Pr transprtatin system.
Text 7【电台采访】词数:85;用时:38.5”;语速:132词/分。
M: Thank yu, Mrs. Jhnsn fr what yu’ve shared with ur listeners.（8） Nw, please tell us d yu smetimes feel wrried abut yur daughter, nw that she's grwn up?
W: Oh I wrry abut her like all parents d. After she graduated frm medical schl, she went t vlunteer medical service in Africa.
M: Ww.
W: That's kay if cmmunicatin was fine. But if there was n internet r telephne cnnectin, we culd smetimes g tw weeks withut getting in tuch with each ther. That ften wrries me.（9）
8. 答案是C。主旨要义题。依据Thank yu, Mrs. Jhnsn fr what yu’ve shared with ur listeners.得知，男士在主持一档访谈节目。故选C。
9. 答案是B。事实细节题。依据But if there was n internet r telephne cnnectin, we culd smetimes g tw weeks withut getting in tuch with each ther. That ften wrries me.得知有时候没有网络或电话信号，甚至两周不通电话。说明通讯不便引起女士担忧。故选B。
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What psitin des the man apply fr?
A. A salespersn. B. An engineer. C. An accuntant.
11. Which aspect f the cmpany appeals t the man?
A. The cmpany culture.B. The free accmmdatins.C. The cmpetitive pay.
12. What is difficult fr the man t deal with?
A. Interpersnal relatinships.B. Quality-quantity balance.C. Unplanned happenings.
Text 8【求职面试】词数:149;用时:66.8”;语速:134词/分。
W: Nw sell yurself in a minute please.
M: I graduated frm university tw years ag and have since been wrking in an accunting cmpany. (10)
W: Apart frm the knwledge and skills related t my majr, I'm really gd with cmputers. I have a large amunt f experience wrking with big data. I think I'm well qualified fr the accuntant psitin here. (10)
W: Gd! Why did yu chse this cmpany?
M: Petersn has been my dream cmpany all alng. Yu value prgress and fcus n the quality f wrk mre than the quantity the flexible wrking hurs and wrking frm hme is als attractive. (11)
W: Ah huh. What d yu think is yur biggest weakness?
M: Well, when I wrk, I ften cncentrate s much n what I'm ding that I may have a hard time dealing with things that cme up unexpectedly. (10) That may be annying t sme peple.
W: All right. Thank yu very much.
10. 答案是C。事实细节题。依据have since been wrking in an accunting cmpany.和I think I'm well qualified fr the accuntant psitin here.得知，男士在申请会计师这个职位。故选C。
11. 答案是A。事实细节题。依据Yu value prgress and fcus n the quality f wrk mre than the quantity the flexible wrking hurs and wrking frm hme is als attractive.得知，公司重视进步，关注工作质量，弹性工作时间和在家工作都很吸引求职者。说明男士喜欢公司文化。故选A。
12. 答案是C。推理判断题。依据I may have a hard time dealing with things that cme up unexpectedly.得知，男士在处理意外事情方面有些困难。故选C。
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Hw des Rbert sund when speaking f his being a writer?
A. Hpeful. B. Grateful. C. Dubtful.
14. What was Rbert like befre he was 9 years ld?
A. He had wild imaginatin. B. He enjyed sprts. C. He lved science.
15. What did Rbert’s father d?
A. A teacher. B. A cach. C. A librarian.
16. What helped Rbert becme a writer?
A. Writing daily. B. Listening t stries. C. Reading extensively.
Text 9【作家分享自己读书历程】词数:220单词;用时:96.4”;语速:137词/分。
W: S Rbert I guess yu must be well int yur third decade as a writer. Hw is life treating yu?
M: Furth decade as a writer. Hmm let me get my calculatr ut. Well, I guess I have been writing nvels since the 1980s. S yu're right. But I have been writing all f my life. And t answer yur questin, life has been treating me excellently. (13)
W: Can I ask yu abut yur childhd? Were yu a bkish child?
M: In a strange way, I was a nn-reader until I turned 9. I used t play basketball in the schlyards f Brklyn. (14) My father was a high schl teacher f physics and chemistry. (15) And he was a big reader. He wuld bring bks. back frm his high schl library. One day I read the last chapter f a bk, the title f which I’ve lng since frgtten. I liked it s much that I started reading the remainder. Interestingly, I read the chapters backwards until I gt t the beginning. I really lved the experience and I sn became an eager reader. Then my father wuld bring piles f bks hme frm the library. And I wuld read them all and they were all fictin. (16) I must add that I started reading the bks frm the start as ppsed t wrking backwards.
13. 答案是B。事实细节题。依据And t answer yur questin, life has been treating me excellently.得知，男士在对于自己走上写作之路满是感激心情。故选B。
14. 答案是B。事实细节题。依据I was a nn-reader until I turned 9. I used t play basketball in the schlyards f Brklyn.得知，男士9岁前很少读书，倒是喜欢体育运动。故选B。
15. 答案是A。事实细节题。依据My father was a high schl teacher f physics and chemistry.得知，男士父亲是名教师。故选A。
16. 答案是C。推理判断题。依据Then my father wuld bring piles f bks hme frm the library. And I wuld read them all and they were all fictin.得知，男士把父亲带回来的小说细数阅读，最后成就一位作家。故选C。
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where was Open Tchaikvsky Cmpetitin held in 1986?
A. In Mscw. B. In Chelyabinsk. C. In Berlin.
18. What des Maxim say abut the cmpetitin he attended at 10?
A. It inspired many yung musicians.
B. It was the music event f his dreams.
C. It was a life-changing experience.
19. Which kind f music are the yung players required t play?
A. Rck music. B. Pp music. C. Classical music.
20. What des Maxim value mst in yung players’ perfrmance?
A. Expressiveness. B. Smthness. C. Cmpleteness.
Text 10【音乐比赛与艺术追求】词数:189;用时:878;词速:129词/分
M: Hell, I'm Maxim Vengarv and I'm very happy t share with yu my cnnectin with pen Tchaikvsky cmpetitin. It was June 1986 when I came t Mscw t participate in pen Tchaikvsky cmpetitin at the age f 10 frm Chelyabinsk. (17) This was actually the turning pint f my life. Then I attended a wrld music festival in Berlin. And it was interesting t say that a kid made his breakthrugh already at the age f ten. (18) And that was me. Nw as a judge f the cmpetitin, I can see clearly the huge challenges facing the musicians in the cmpetitin. Where else can yu see yung players playing within ten days classical wrks and Russian traditinal music befre cming t the final stage? (19) As a musician it's imprtant t give maximum attentin and time t yur wn reflectins f yur wn feelings. (20) S, what I’m really lking fr in the cmpetitin is t meet smene wh can tuch me musically. I want t see the seed at least the seed f the great tree that can grw. I wuld g fr this vilinist. I wuld g fr this musician.
17. 答案是A。事实细节题。依据It was June 1986 when I came t Mscw t participate in pen Tchaikvsky cmpetitin at the age f 10 frm Chelyabinsk.得知，该项比赛是在莫斯科进行的。故选A。
18. 答案是C。事实细节题。依据This was actually the turning pint f my life. Then I attended a wrld music festival in Berlin.得知，参加莫斯科比赛是作者人生的转折点。故选C。
19. 答案是C。事实细节题。依据Where else can yu see yung players playing within ten days classical wrks得知，比赛要求选手演奏古典音乐作品。故选C。
20. 答案是A。主旨要义题。依据As a musician it's imprtant t give maximum attentin and time t yur wn reflectins f yur wn feelings.得知，作为一名音乐家，最看重年轻选手通过演奏表达自己的思想情感。故选A。
【考前技能篇2】阅读理解的解题技巧
一、细节理解型
细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是最重要的得分点。
【命题特点】
特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、wh、why、hw等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节，或就文中的数字进行提问。
21. Wh wrte the music fr “Tm Sawyer: A River Adventure”? （2024浙江1月卷）
24. What is imprtant fr parrts t better survive frm attacks in the wild? （2024九省联考卷）
25. Why did Jhn put the sludge int the tanks?（2023新高考I卷）
23. Where will the participants meet fr the July 10 phtgraphy wrkshp? （2023新高考II卷）
【命题规律】 正确选项规律
干扰选项规律
【常考类型】
考法一：直接信息题
直接信息题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等。
“带着问题找答案”先从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。简言之，可采用“一找二定三比对”的方法。
【真题示例】( 2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·A 篇23题)
Phtgraphy Wrkshps (June 19 &July 10)
Enhance yur phtgraphy skills—jin Yellwstne’s park phtgrapher fr a hands-n prgram t inspire new and creative ways f enjying the beauty and wnder f Yellwstne.
6/19—Waterfalls&Wide Angles: meet at Artist Pint.
7/10—Wildflwers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
23. Where will the participants meet fr the July 10 phtgraphy wrkshp?
A. Artist Pint. B. Washburn Trailhead.
C. Canyn Village Stre.D. Visitr Educatin Center.
【解答思路】
第一步：扫描题干，找关键词。关键词: fr the July 10 phtgraphy wrkshp
第二步：根据关键词，定位信息。定位原文信息:Phtgraphy Wrkshps (June 19 & July 10)部分中的“7/10 — Wildflwers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.”
第三步：比对选项信息。7月10日的摄影研讨会将在Washburn Trailhead举行。故选B。
【技能提炼】
【学以致用1】(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ·A篇23题)
Late Wrk
An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late. If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zer. Daily assignments nt cmpleted during class will get a zer. Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
23. What will happen if yu submit an essay ne week after the due date?
A. Yu will receive a zer. B. Yu will lse a letter grade.
C. Yu will be given a test. D. Yu will have t rewrite it.
【解答思路】
一、在题干中标注定位词submit an essay ne week after the due date，
二、在原文中找出信息句，即Late Wrk部分“If it is nt turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zer”，
三、比对选项与信息句，可知答案为A。
【学以致用2】(2020年全国Ⅰ ·A篇22题)
Train Infrmatin
All custmers travelling n TransLink services must be in pssessin f a valid ticket befre barding. Fr ticket infrmatin, please ask at yur lcal statin r call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effrt t ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be n guarantee f cnnectins between trains r between train services and bus services.
Lst prperty（失物招领）
Call Lst Prperty n 13 16 17 during business hurs fr items lst n Queensland Rail services. The lst prperty ffice is pen Mnday t Friday 7:30am t 5:00pm and is lcated (位于) at Rma Street statin.
22. At which statin can yu find the lst prperty ffice?
A. Altandi.B. Rma Street.C. Varsity Lakes.D. Frtitude Valley.
【解答思路】
第一步，读题干，确定lst prperty ffice为定位词。
第二步，用定位词在文中找到Lst prperty部分，由该部分第二句“The lst prperty ffice is pen Mnday t Friday 7:30 am t 5:00 pm and is lcated at Rma Street statin.”可知，失物招领处位于罗马街车站。
第三步，对比各选项只有B项正确。
【学以致用2】 (2020年全国ⅠI ·A篇21题)
The Lake District Attractins Guide Dalemain Mansin & Histric Gardens
Histry, Culture & Landscape (景观). Discver
and enjy 4 centuries f histry, 5 acres f celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, hme t the Internatinal Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearm.
Open: 29 Mar—29 Oct, Sun t Thurs.
Tearm, Gardens & Gift Shp: 10.30—17.00 (16.00 in Oct).
Huse: 11.15—16.00 (15.00 in Oct).
Twn: Pley Bridge & Penrith
21. When is the Huse at Dalemain Mansin & Histric Gardens pen n Sundays in July?
A. 09.30—17.30. B. 10.30—16.00. C. 11.15—16.00. D. 12.00—16.30.
第一步，读题干，确定由题干中的Dalemain Mansin & Histric Gardens可定位到第一个景点。
第二步，用定位词在文中找到由Open部分中Huse的开放信息Huse:11.15—16.00 (15.00 in Oct). 可知，3月到9月期间，Huse在周日到周四的开放时间为11.15—16.00。
第三步，对比各选项7月在这个时间段内，故选C。
考法二：间接信息题
间接信息题常在记叙文、说明文或议论文中考查，会涉及“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”三大主题语境。解此类试题常用“同义转换”法。
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用bk对文中的reserve进行同义转换,用less different对文中的mre in cmmn进行同义转换。
【真题示例】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·B篇24题)
Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
24. What d we knw abut Abby Jaramill?
A. She used t be a health wrker.
B. She grew up in a lw-incme family.
C. She wns a fast fd restaurant.
D. She is an initiatr f Urban Spruts.
【解答思路】
第一步: 扫描题干,找关键词。关键词:What, knw abut, Abby Jaramill
第二步: 根据关键词,定位信息。定位原文信息:And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. initiatr和started是同义替换。
第三步: 根据关键词和定位信息可知,Abby Jaramill是Urban Spruts的发起者。故选D。(间接信息题)
【技能提炼】
【学以致用1】(2022·全国甲·B篇24题)
Gffin’s cckats, a kind f small parrt native t Australasia，have been shwn t have similar shape-recgnitin abilities t a human tw-year-ld. Thugh nt knwn t use tls in the wild，the birds have prved skilful at tl use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment，cckats were presented with a bx with a nut inside it. The clear frnt f the bx had a “keyhle” in a gemetric shape，and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” t chse frm. Inserting the crrect “key” wuld let ut the nut.
24. Hw did the cckats get the nut frm the bx in the experiment?
A. By fllwing instructins.
B. By using a tl.
C. By turning the bx arund.
D. By remving the lid.
一读题干，锁定关键词，即Hw，get the nut；
二扫原文，锁定信息区间，即第一段中的“Thugh nt knwn t use tls in the wild，the birds have prved skilful at tl use while kept in the cage.”和“ birds were given five differently shaped ‘keys’ t chse frm. Inserting the crrect ‘key’ wuld let ut the nut.”B项是对信息区间的同义描述，即在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。
三定答案。根据同义替换，故选B。
【学以致用2】(2020年全国Ⅰ卷·D篇33题)
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual cmpsitin f plants in rder t get them t perfrm diverse, even unusual functins. These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they're shrt f water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in grundwater. “We're thinking abut hw we can engineer plants t replace functins f the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Stran, a prfessr f chemical engineering at MIT.
33. What is the functin f the sensrs printed n plant leaves by MIT engineer?
A. T detect plants’ lack f water.
B. T change cmpsitins f plants.
C. T make the life f plants lnger.
D. T test chemicals in plants.
一读题干，锁定关键词，functin f the sensrs printed n plant leaves by MIT engineer。
二扫原文，锁定信息区间，由第二句 “These include plants that have sensrs printed nt their leaves t shw when they‘re shrt f water”可知，这些传感器是用来检测植物是否缺水的。lack f water与be shrt f water同义。
三定答案。同义替换。lack f water与be shrt f water同义。故选A项，
考法三：数计算题题
数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。这些“暗”信息会涉及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。数字计算题的话题有：1.广告类；2.故事类；3. 科普知识类；4.史地自然类；5.文化教育类。设问方式以when，in which year，hw many/much等疑问词(组)开头引出问题。解此类试题常用“整合推算”法。
此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。
【真题示例】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·A篇22题)
Prices
22. Hw much d yu pay fr renting a bike with hand brake and three gears fr tw days?

【解答思路】
第一步:扫描题干,找关键词。关键词:Hw much, pay fr, renting a bike, with hand brake and three gears, tw days
第二步:根据关键词,定位信息。定位原文信息:Prices...(表格)
第三步:根据关键词和定位信息可知,第三段的表格中的中间一列,第一行含有题干中的hand brake和three gears,再联系第四行和第五行,一天是14.75欧元,再加一天是8欧元,所以是14.75+8= 22.75欧元。故选C。
【技能提炼】
【学以致用1】(2022·全国乙·A篇22题)
Exhibitin Times
Mnday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45
Last admissin t the exhibitin: 17.15. There is n re-admissin.
Clsed: 24-26 December and 1 January.
Admissin
£4. Children under 12 years accmpanied by an adult are admitted free.
22. Hw much wuld a cuple with tw children under 12 pay fr admissin?
A.￡4. B.￡8. C.￡12. D.￡16.
一读题干寻找关键词a cuple with tw children under 12，
二在Admissin部分中标记￡4.Children under 12 years accmpanied by an adult are admitted free，
三用加法推算答案，即一对夫妇应付4＋4＝8(英镑)，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英镑。故选B。
【学以致用2】(2023·浙江1月卷·A篇23题)
Explrers Camp
•Full day camp fr kids aged 5-13.
•Mnday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.
Week 1 | July 8-12
Week 2 | July 15-19
Week 3 | July 22-26
•Register fr a single week r multiple weeks.
•Fees: $365 per week.
•The last day t cancel registratin and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15.
23. Hw many hurs f class will yu have altgether if yu register fr a single week?
A. 15.B. 21.C. 30.D. 42.
一读题干寻找关键词。Hw many hurs f class，altgether，register fr a single week。
二依据原文信息加工。根据“•Mnday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hur mrning class engaging with a mrning theme (9am t 12 nn) and a ne-hur lunch break, fllwed by anther three-hur class engaging with an afternn theme (1pm t 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。
三合理计算定答案。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。
二、猜测词义题
【命题特点】
猜测词义题基本上是阅读理解每年必考的题型。此类题型旨在考查考生根据上下文推断单词、短语或句子的本意或外延含义的能力，既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新意，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。除了直接命题的生词外，阅读文章时，常常也会遇到一些过去未见过的词，但这类生词的词义大都可以通过上下文推断出来。
24. What des the underlined wrd “it” in the first paragraph refer t? （2024浙江1月卷）
30. What des the underlined phrase “spell ut” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?（2024九省联考卷）
29. What des the underlined wrd “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean? （2023新高考I卷）
30. What d the underlined wrds “relate t” in paragraph 2 mean? （2023新高考II卷）
【命题规律】
考法一：利用释义法猜词
在说明文尤其是科技类说明文中，作者通常会对一些关键词或专业术语进行解释。常见的有对该词下定义或后跟同位语、定语从句、冒号、破折号、括号等引出解释说明部分。
【真题示例1】（2022•全国乙卷•C篇29题）
原文：That includes huge savings in maintenance csts and better prtectin f railway persnnel safety. It is calculated that Eurpean railways alne spend apprximately 20 billin eurs a year n maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerus wrk that culd be avided with drnes assisting the crews’ effrts.
29. What des “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Persnnel safety. B. Assistance frm drnes.
C. inspectin and repair. D. Cnstructin f infrastructure.
解析：“including sending maintenance staff, ften at night, t inspect and repair the rail infrastructure”对“maintenance”进行了解释，故推测maintenance是“维护，保养”的意思，C项inspectin and repair与句中的inspect and repair对应。故选C。
考法二：利用构词法猜词
英语单词可以通过添加词缀、合成或转化的方式构成新词或生成新的词义。同学们要熟记一定数量的词根、前缀和后缀，从而达到通过“解剖”一个单词，对一个生词能够“望文生义”的效果。
【真题示例2】（2016•全国II卷•B篇27题）
原文：Encuraging this kind f thinking has a dwnside. I ran the risk f lsing thse students wh had a different style f thinking. Withut fail ne wuld declare, “But I’m just nt creative.”
27. What des the underlined wrd “dwnside” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean？
A. Mistake. B. Drawback. C. Difficulty. D. Burden.
解析：dwnside是由“dwn（向下）+ side（方面）”构成的合成词，并且后文提到“作者冒着失去那些有不同思维风格的学生的风险”。因此，我们可以猜测该词的意思是“不足，缺点”，故选B项。
考法三：利用因果关系猜词
若画线单词或短语前后句子之间构成因果关系，那我们便可以根据这种因果逻辑关系推知单词或短语的意义。因果关系的语境通常由because, s, thus, therefre, as a result f, s that, 等标志词体现。
【真题示例3】（2019•全国II卷•B篇25题）
原文：I guess that there’s prbably sme demanding wrk schedule, r scial anxiety arund stepping up t help fr an unknwn sprt. She may just need a little persuading. S I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mentin the single parent with fur kids running the shw and I talk abut the dad caching a team that his kids aren’t even n … At this pint the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll d it.”
25. What des the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in Paragraph 2 mean？
A. Encurage team wrk. B. Appeal t feeling.
C. Prmte gd deeds. D. Prvide advice.
【解析】由逻辑词“s”可知，此处可以借助因果逻辑关系猜测词义句意。画线部分的前一句提到“她可能需要有人劝说一下”，故“tug at the heartstrings”应该有“劝说”的意思。“appeal t feeling”意思是“打动某人，唤起某人的情感”，故选B项。
考法四：利用对比关系猜词
运用转折对比描述事物或现象是写作时常用的一种手法，作者常借用一些信号词来提供相反信息，抓住这些信号词，结合上下文意，我们就能够快速推测出词义。体现对比关系的词语很多，常见的有but, yet, hwever, while, unlike, instead f, n the ther hand, rather than, n the cntrary等。
【真题示例4】（2020•新高考卷Ⅰ•D篇33题）
原文：Accrding t a recent study in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research, bth the size and cnsumptin habits f ur eating cmpanins can influence ur fd intake. And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份), it’s the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.
33. What des the underlined wrd “beanples” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. Big eaters.B. Overweight persns.C. Picky eaters.D. Tall thin persns.
解析：利用对比关系猜测词义。根据 “And cntrary t existing research that says yu shuld avid eating with heavier peple wh rder large prtins(份)，it’s the beanples with big appetites yu really need t avid.”，研究表明，与现存的研究发现(应该避免和食量大的胖人一起吃饭) 相反，你真正需要避开的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根据“cntrary t”可知，画线词与heavier peple含义相反。
考法五：利用语境法解题
有些猜测词义句意题找不到以上标志或线索，我们可以利用上下文提供的语境进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进而推测词义句意。
【真题示例5】（2022•新高考II卷，B篇24题）
原文：We jurnalists live in a new age f strytelling, with many new multimedia tls. Many yung peple dn't even realize it's new. Fr them, it’s just nrmal.
This hit hme fr me as I was sitting with my 2-year-ld grandsn n a sfa ver the Spring Festival hliday. I had brught a children's bk t read. It had simple wrds and clrful pictures—a perfect match fr his age.
24. What d the underlined wrds “hit hme fr me” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Prvided shelter fr me. B. Became very clear t me.
C. Tk the pressure ff me. D. Wrked quite well n me.
解析：根据上下文语境可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上看书时，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。
考法六：利用同义关系解题
画线单词或短语前后有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，这时我们可从熟悉的词语中推知生词的含义。常见的表示同义关系的词或短语有and, r, like, as well, similarly, t, als, either等。
【真题示例6】（2015•四川卷•D篇44题）
原文：And it is nt just rbins that are being kept awake by artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are als being mre ncturnal.
44. What des the underlined wrd “ncturnal” in Paragraph 5 mean？
A. Active at night. B. Inactive at night.
C. Active during the day. D. Inactive during the day.
解析：画线单词前一句说“不是只有知更鸟在人造光下会一直醒着”，而“als（也）”表明这一句与前面表达的意思相近，即“黑鹂和海鸥也更活跃”。“ncturnal”应该是“awake”的近义词，意为“夜间活跃的”，故选A项。
考法七：利用生活常识解题
在仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系和语境无法猜出词义时，我们可以借助生活经验和普通常识确定词义。
【真题示例7】（2020•江苏卷•C篇61题）
原文：Fr thse wh can stmach it, wrking ut befre breakfast may be mre beneficial fr health than eating first, accrding t a study f meal timing and physical activity.
61. The underlined expressin “stmach it” in Paragraph 1 mst prbably means “ _______ ”.
A. digest the meal easily B. manage withut breakfast
C. decide wisely what t eat D. eat whatever is ffered
解析：此题考查“stmach”的生僻意思。根据生活常识可知，有的人锻炼前不吃早饭是受不了的，所以此处意为“如果可以忍受空腹的话，在吃早饭前去锻炼比吃过早餐后去锻炼好处更多”，故选B项。
考法八：利用就近原则判指代
代词指代题原则上从上文寻找线索，确定答案。基本点是单数还是复数，指人还是指物。
【真题示例8】（2022·新高考II卷·C篇30题）
"We need smething n the bks that can change peple's behavir,” said Félix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the state's 2001 ban n hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becmes law, he said, "peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the cell phne."
30. What des the underlined wrd "smething" in the last paragraph refer t?
A. Advice.B. Data.C. Tests.D. Laws.
根据句中的“We need smething n the bks that can change peple's behavir.”（我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西，）可知，smething是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的“If the Textalyzer bill becmes law, he said, "peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the cell phne.”（他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，“人们会更害怕拿起手机。）可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。受到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故smething指代的是法律。故选D。
【技能提炼】
【学以致用1】（2023•新高考I卷•C篇29题）
Part ne cncludes by intrducing my suggested methd fr adpting this philsphy: the digital declutter. This prcess requires yu t step away frm ptinal nline activities fr thirty days. At the end f the thirty days, yu will then add back a small number f carefully chsen nline activities that yu believe will prvide massive benefits t the things yu value.
29. What des the underlined wrd “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Clear-up.B. Add-n.C. Check-in.D. Take-ver.
29.词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“This prcess requires yu t step away frm ptinal nline activities fr thirty days. At the end f the thirty days, yu will then add back a small number f carefully chsen nline activities that yu believe will prvide massive benefits t the things yu value. (这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动)”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。
【学以致用2】（2023•新高考II卷•C篇30题）
In this “bk f bks,” artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. Adults are prtrayed (描绘) alne in many settings and pses —absrbed in a vlume, deep in thught r lst in a mment f leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments we can all relate t.
30. What d the underlined wrds “relate t” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Understand. B. Paint. C. Seize. D. Transfrm.
30.词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds f years ag, but they recrd mments (这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relate t”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
【学以致用3】（2023•全国甲卷•B篇24题）
Terri Bltn is a dab hand when it cmes t DIY (d-it-yurself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing tgether furniture, she never pays smene else t d a jb she can d herself.
24. Which is clsest in meaning t “a dab hand” in paragraph 1?
A. An artist.B. A winner.C. A specialist.D. A pineer.
24.词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing tgether furniture, she never pays smene else t d a jb she can d herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Bltnis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
三、推理判断题
推理判断题是高考阅读理解试题中的重要题型之一, 包括推理和判断两个方面，是考生失分率较高的题型。考查考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，进行逻辑推理，对文章的细节、作者的态度、意图作出正确推理判断的能力。分析今年高考题可知，推断题呈不断上升的趋势，且由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义词及长难句来考查考生对语言的理解能力，难度比之前有所增加。
【命题特点】
特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、wh、why、hw等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及推断作者态度、文章出处、文章类型、写作意图、下段话题等。
31. What can we infer frm the last paragraph? （2024浙江1月卷）
28. What is the authr’s attitude tward Carnegie’s understanding f argument? （2024九省联考卷）
24. What can we learn abut Jhn frm the first tw paragraphs? （2023新高考I卷）
31. What might the authr cntinue talking abut? （2023全国乙卷）
【选项规律】
正确选项特征
干扰选项特征
考法一：推断出处题
妙招：第一步：结合题干定位原文关键句、关键词，圈划留下做题痕迹
第二步：仔细梳理信息，注意同义替换，进行信息融合概括提炼
第三步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案
【真题示例】（2022新高考I卷A篇21题）
Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Belw 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade fr this curse: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Grup Assignments (30%)
Students will wrk in grups t cmplete fur assignments (作业) during the curse. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard, ur nline learning and curse management system.
Daily Wrk/In-Class Writings and Tests/Grup Wrk/Hmewrk (10%)
…
Late Wrk
…
21. Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A. A textbk.B. An exam paper.C. A curse plan.D. An academic article.
21. C。推理判断题。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。根据文章标题“Grading Plicies fr Intrductin t Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Yur fur majr essays will cmbine t frm the main part f the grade f fr this curse (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C。
【学以致用】（2023全国乙卷D篇35题）
If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things.
…
In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (联系) between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these, all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects.
35. Which f the fllwing bks is the text mst likely selected frm?
A. Hw Maps Tell Stries f the Wrld
B. A Shrt Histry f Australia
C. A Histry f the Wrld in 100 Objects
D. Hw Art Wrks Tell Stries
35.推理判断题。本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史的局限性，并强调了将物品纳入历史叙事以更好地理解无文字社会的重要性。根据文章第一段“If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt.(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。)”结合最后一段的“ If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects. (如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。
考法二：文体推断题
妙招：第一步：结合题干定位原文关键句、关键词，圈划留下做题痕迹
第二步：仔细梳理信息，注意掌握技巧，进行信息融合概括提炼
第三步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案
新闻报道类文章(a news reprt)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容，下面陈述细节。
图书评论类文章(a bk review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。
科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。
【真题示例】（2022浙江1月卷B篇26题）
The United States rse t glbal pwer n the strength f its technlgy, and the lifebld that technlgy has lng been electricity. By prviding lng-distance cmmunicatin and energy, electricity created the mdem wrld. Yet prperly understd, the age f electricity is merely the secnd stage in the age f steam, which began a century earlier.
"It is curius that n ne has put tgether a histry f bth the steam and electric revlutins." writes Maury Klein in his bk The Pwer Makers, Steam, Electricity, and the Men Invented Mdem America. Klein, a nted histrian f technlgy, spins a narrative s lively that at times it reads like a nvel.
The stry begins in the last years f the 18th century in Sctland, where Watt perfected "the machine that changed the wrld". Klein writes, "America did nt invent the steam engine, but nce they grasped its passwrds they put it t mre uses than anyne else. "
Meanwhile, ver the curse f 19th century, electricity went frm mere curisity t a basic necessity. Mrse invented a cde fr sending messages ver an electrmagnetic circuit. Bell then gave the telegraph a vice. Edisn perfected an incandescent bulls that brught electric light int the American hme.
Mst imprtantly, Edisn realized that success depended n mass electrificatin, which he shwed in New Yrk City. With help frm Tesla, Westinghuse's firm develped a system using alternating current, which sn became the majr frms f pwer delivery.
T frame his stry, Klein creates the character f Ned, a fictinal witness t the prgress brught abut by the steams and electric revlutins in America during ne man's lifetime. It's a technique that helps turn a lng narrative int an interesting ne.
26. What is the text?
A. A bigraphy.B. A bk review.C. A shrt stry. D. A science reprt.
26. 推理判断题。根据第三段“The stry begins in the last years f the 18th century in Sctland”（这个故事开始于苏格兰18世纪最后几年）可知，这篇文章是一篇小故事。故选C。
【学以致用】（2023年新高考II卷C篇28题）
Reading Art: Art fr Bk Lvers is a celebratin f an everyday bject — the bk, represented here in almst three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld. The image f the reader appears thrughut histry, in art made lng befre bks as we nw knw them came int being. In artists’ representatins f bks and reading, we see mments f shared humanity that g beynd culture and time.
In this “bk f bks,” artwrks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these cnnectins between different eras and cultures. We see scenes f children learning t read at hme r at schl, with the bk as a fcus fr relatins between the generatins.
28. Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A. An intrductin t a bk. B. An essay n the art f writing.
C. A guidebk t a museum. D. A review f mdern paintings.
28. 推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“Reading Art: Art fr Bk Lvers is a celebratin f an everyday bject — the bk, represented here in almst three hundred artwrks frm museums arund the wrld. (Reading Art: Art fr Bk Lvers这一活动是为书籍这一日常物品办的典礼，这里有来自世界各地博物馆的近三百件艺术品)”以及第二段第一句“In this bk f bks”可推知，本文最有可能出自一世界各地的收藏品的一本书。故选A。
考法三：活动评价题
妙招：第一步：结合题干定位原文关键句、关键词，圈划留下做题痕迹
第二步：仔细梳理信息，特别关注形容词感情色彩进行概括提炼
第三步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案
【真题示例】（2023新高考II卷B篇26题）
She adds that the prgram’s benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill’s special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues. “They get utside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
26. Which f the fllwing best describes the impact f the prgram?
A. Far-reaching.影响深远的B. Predictable. 可预测的
C. Shrt-lived. 短暂的D. Unidentifiable. 难以确认的
26.推理判断题。本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramill等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Spruts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。根据最后一段“She adds that the prgram’s benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill’s special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues. “They get utside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramill的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。
【学以致用】（2023全国乙卷B篇27题）
One time my friends and I drve three hurs t Devil’s Lake, Wiscnsin, t climb the purple quartz (石英) rck arund the lake. After we fund a crazy-lking rad that hung ver a bunch f rcks, we decided t phtgraph the scene at sunset. The psitin enabled us t lk ver the lake with the sunset in the backgrund. We managed t leave this spt t climb higher because f the spare time until sunset. Hwever, we did nt mark the rute (路线) s we ended up almst missing the sunset entirely. Once we fund the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
27. Hw des the authr find his phts taken at Devil’s Lake?
A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encuraging. D. Cmfrting.
27.推理判断题。本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。通过文章最后一段“Still, lking back n the phts, they are sme f my best shts thugh they culd have been s much better if I wuld have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。
考法四：态度推断题
妙招：第一步：结合题干定位原文一处或多处信息，圈划留下做题痕迹
第二步：仔细梳理信息，注意同义替换，进行信息融合概括提炼
第三步：留意积累表示肯定、否定、客观等态度类高频词汇备用
第四步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案
【真题示例】（2023新高考I卷D篇35题）
In a fllw-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn’t the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they “shared arguments and reasned tgether.” Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr. Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus.
35. What is the authr’s attitude tward Navajas’ studies?
A. Unclear.B. Dismissive.C. Dubtful.D. Apprving.
35.推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus.(尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持。故选D。dismissive a.不屑一顾的；轻蔑的；apprving a. 支持的；赞成的。
【学以致用】（2023全国甲卷D篇35题）
He makes philsphical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences, and he des s with plenty f humr. Weiner enters int cnversatin with sme f the mst imprtant philsphers in histry, and he becmes part f that crwd in the prcess by decding (解读) their messages and adding his wn interpretatin.
The Scrates Express is a fun, sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire, lneliness, and aging. The invitatin is clear: Weiner wants yu t pick up a cffee r tea and sit dwn with this bk. I encurage yu t take his ffer. It’s wrth yur time, even if time is smething we dn’t have a lt f.
31. What des the authr think f Weiners bk?
A. Objective and plain.
B. Daring and ambitius.
C. Serius and hard t fllw.
D. Humrus and straightfrward.
31.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philsphical thught an appealing exercise that imprves the quality f ur experiences, and he des s with plenty f humr.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。)”可知，Weiners的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“The Scrates Express is a fun, sharp bk that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thughts n desire, lneliness, and aging. (The Scrates Express是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。)”可知，Weiners的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。
考法五：预测下段题
妙招：第一步：结合题干定位原文最后一段（句），圈划留下做题痕迹
第二步：仔细梳理信息，注意同义替换，进行信息融合概括提炼
第三步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案
【真题示例】（2023全国乙卷C篇31题）
Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients (配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking. The UK’s bsessin (痴迷) with fd is reflected thrugh televisin scheduling. Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast mre ften than befre. With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.
31. What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
A. The art f cking in ther cuntries.
B. Male chefs n TV prgrammes.
C. Table manners in the UK.
D. Studies f big eaters.
31.推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句“With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.”（随着电视上出现越来越多男性厨师，男孩子喜欢烹饪不再是一件“不酷”的事了。）可知，接下来，文章应该具体介绍电视上的男性厨师，从而与上文形成语义连贯。故选B项。
【学以致用】（2011安徽高考真题B篇63题）
Fr many centuries, peple used windmills t grind (磨碎)wheat int flur r pump water frm deep undergrund when electricity was discvered in the 1ate 1800s, peple living in remte areas began t use them t prduce electricity. This al1wed them t peple in almst all1 areas f the United States, windmills were rarely used. During the curse 1970s, peple started becming cncerned abut the pllutin that is created when cal and gas are burned t prduce electricity. Peple als realized that the supply f cal and gas wuld nt last frever. Then, wind was rediscvered, thugh it means higher casts. Tday, there is a glbal mvement t supply mre and mre f ur electricity thrugh the use f wind.
63. What wuld the authr prbably discuss in the paragraph that fllws?
A. The advantage f wind pwer.
B. The design f wind pwer plants.
C. The wrldwide mvement t save energy.
D. The glbal trend twards prducing pwer frm wind.
63. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“During the curse 1970s, peple started becming cncerned abut the pllutin that is created when cal and gas are burned t prduce electricity. Peple als realized that the supply f cal and gas wuld nt last frever. Then, wind was rediscvered, thugh it means higher casts. Tday, there is a glbal mvement t supply mre and mre f ur electricity thrugh the use f wind . ( 在20世纪70年代，人们开始担心煤炭和天然气燃烧发电造成的污染。人们还意识到，煤炭和天然气的供应不会永远持续下去。然后，风能被重新发现，尽管这意味着更高的成本。今天，全球正在进行一场运动，希望通过使用风能提供越来越多的电力。)”可知，最后一段讲述了二十世纪七十年代，人们更加注重环保，而且认识到煤和气的短缺；而尽管成本较高，但是风能的特点是洁净并丰富的。如今，全球范围内正在发起利用风能发电的运动。因此推断下一段将会讲述全球利用风能发电的情况。故选D项。
考法六：意图推断题
妙招：第一步：结合题干定位原文一处或多处信息，圈划留下做题痕迹。
第二步：仔细梳理信息，注意同义替换，进行信息融合概括提炼。
第三步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案。
【真题示例】（2023新高考I卷B篇28题）
The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu.
T d s, I divided the bk int tw parts. In part ne, I describe the philsphical fundatins f digital minimalism, starting with an examinatin f the frces that are making s many peple’s digital lives increasingly intlerable, befre mving n t a detailed discussin f the digital minimalism philsphy.
28. What is the bk aimed at?
A. Teaching critical thinking skills.B. Advcating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Slving philsphical prblems.D. Prmting the use f a digital device.
28.细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu. (这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。
【学以致用】（2023浙江1月卷D篇33题）
“Slar prjects need t be gd neighbrs,” says Jrdan Macknick, the head f the Innvative Site Preparatin and Impact Reductins n the Envirnment (InSPIRE) prject. “They need t be prtectrs f the land and cntribute t the agricultural ecnmy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical appraches t “lw-impact” slar develpment, which fcuses n establishing and perating slar farms in a way that is kinder t the land. One f the easiest lw-impact slar strategies is prviding habitat fr pllinatrs (传粉昆虫).
33. What des InSPIRE aim t d?
A. Imprve the prductivity f lcal farms.
B. Invent new methds fr cntrlling weeds.
C. Make slar prjects envirnmentally friendly.
D. Prmte the use f slar energy in rural areas.
33.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating practical appraches t “lw-impact” slar develpment, which fcuses n establishing and perating slar farms in a way that is kinder t the land.(InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)”可知，InSPIRE采用友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选C项。
四、主旨大意题
【命题特点】
主旨大意题目主要的考查形式：理解段落大意、把握全文主旨和拟定文章标题。该类题目在文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、wh、why、hw等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及段落大意、文章大意或者标题概括等。
35. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text? （2024浙江1月卷）
32. What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut? （2024九省联考卷）
32. What is the first paragraph mainly abut? （2023全国乙卷）
31. What is the text mainly abut? （2022全国甲卷）
【命题规律】
正确选项规律
干扰选项规律
考法一：标题概括题
标题是文章中心思想的精练表达。此类题目主要考查考生把握主题和理解中心思想的能力，要求考生在理解文章的基础上运用判断、归纳、概括等方法，对文章的主题进行提炼或高度概括，最终准确地选出文章的标题。记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。
【真题示例】（2023▪全国乙卷▪D篇35题）
If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things.
Ideally a histry wuld bring tgether texts and bjects, and sme chapters f this bk are able t d just that, but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example f this between literate and nn-literate histry is perhaps the first cnflict, at Btany Bay, between Captain Ck’s vyage and the Australian Abriginals. Frm the English side, we have scientific reprts and the captain’s recrd f that terrible day. Frm the Australian side, we have nly a wden shield (盾) drpped by a man in flight after his first experience f gunsht. If we want t recnstruct what was actually ging n that day, the shield must be questined and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reprts.
In additin t the prblem f miscmprehensin frm bth sides, there are victries accidentally r deliberately twisted, especially when nly the victrs knw hw t write. Thse wh are n the lsing side ften have nly their things t tell their stries. The Caribbean Tain, the Australian Abriginals, the African peple f Benin and the Incas, all f whm appear in this bk, can speak t us nw f their past achievements mst pwerfully thrugh the bjects they made: a histry tld thrugh things gives them back a vice. When we cnsider cntact (联系) between literate and nn-literate scieties such as these, all ur first-hand accunts are necessarily twisted, nly ne half f a dialgue. If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects.
35. Which f the fllwing bks is the text mst likely selected frm?
A. Hw Maps Tell Stries f the Wrld
B. A Shrt Histry f Australia
C. A Histry f the Wrld in 100 Objects
D. Hw Art Wrks Tell Stries
35.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt.(如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人的历史曾经被文字记录过，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。)”结合最后一段的“ If we are t find the ther half f that cnversatin, we have t read nt just the texts, but the bjects. (如果我们要找到对话的另一半，我们不仅要读文本，还要读物体。)”可知，本文讲述仅仅依靠书面文本来讲述世界历史有局限性，想要更好的了解历史就要将文本和物品结合在一起。从而推断文章最有可能选自《100件物品中的世界史》。故选C。
【学以致用】（2023▪新高考II卷▪B篇27题）
Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramill’s students live in neighbrhds where fresh fd and green space are nt easy t find and fast fd restaurants utnumber grcery stres. “The kids literally cme t schl with bags f snacks and large bttles f sft drinks,” she says. “They cme t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Thugh sme are initially scared f the insects and turned ff by the dirt, mst are eager t try smething new.
Urban Spruts’ classes, at tw middle schls and tw high schls, include hands-n experiments such as sil testing, flwer-and-seed dissectin, tastings f fresh r dried prduce, and wrk in the garden. Several times a year, students ck the vegetables they grw, and they ccasinally make salads fr their entire schls.
Prgram evaluatins shw that kids eat mre vegetables as a result f the classes. “We have students wh say they went hme and talked t their parents and nw they’re eating differently,” Jaramill says.
She adds that the prgram’s benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill’s special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues. “They get utside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
27. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Rescuing Schl Gardens
B. Experiencing Cuntry Life
C. Grwing Vegetable Lvers
D. Changing Lcal Landscape
27.主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Spruts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramill等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Spruts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。
【技能提炼】
考法二：段落大意题
每一篇文段都要围绕一个特定的主题，按照一定的逻辑顺序展开，所以段落的结构也有一定的规律性。做题时要特别注意“首尾兼顾”,即所问段落的首句和尾句。一是因为它们往往体现主旨要义，二是因为利用这些信息可以迅速提炼段落结构框架，在框架下判断主旨，其准确性更高。
【真题示例】（2023新高考I卷D篇32题）
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galtn published a paper which illustrated what has cme t be knwn as the “wisdm f crwds” effect. The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases, the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn’t cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple’s estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple’s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
But a new study led by Jaquin Navajas ffered an interesting twist (转折) n this classic phenmenn. The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals.
In a fllw-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn’t the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they “shared arguments and reasned tgether.” Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr. Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins many questins remain the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus.
32. What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A. The methds f estimatin.
B. The underlying lgic f the effect.
C. The causes f peple’s errrs.
D. The design f Galtn’s experiment.
32.主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and cme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn’t cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple’s estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.(这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降。)”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而导致更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。
【学以致用】（2023全国乙卷D篇32题）
If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
A. Hw past events shuld be presented.
B. What humanity is cncerned abut.
C. Whether facts speak luder than wrds.
D. Why written language is reliable.
32.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If yu want t tell the histry f the whle wrld, a histry that des nt privilege ne part f humanity, yu cannt d it thrugh texts alne, because nly sme f the wrld has ever had texts, while mst f the wrld, fr mst f the time, has nt. Writing is ne f humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) scieties recrded their cncerns nt nly in writing but in things. (如果你想讲述整个世界的历史，一段不以人类某一部分为特权的历史，你不能仅仅通过文本来讲述，因为世界上只有一部分人曾经有过文本，而世界上大多数人，在大多数时间里，都没有。写作是人类较晚的成就之一，直到最近，甚至许多有文字的社会也不仅用文字，而且用物件来记录他们所关心的事情。)”可推知，第一段主要讲述的是历史应该如何呈现给我们。故选A。
【技能提炼】
考法三：文章大意题
文章中的每一段都是围绕某一主题展开的，把每个段落的主题句综合起来就可以概括出全文的中心思想。该题型主要是测试考生对一篇文章的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确定位文章主旨大意的能力。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题。
【答题策略】
题型一：利用主题句在段首位置推敲段落大意
技巧点拨：说明文和议论文学会关注“首段”和“段首”。借鉴“七选五”小标题类型特点，段首句统领全段主旨大意，由此推断段落大意。
题型二：利用主题句在段中位置推敲段落大意
技巧点拨：有时主题句出现在段中某句，这就需要考生耐心阅读揣摩段落各句之间内在逻辑关系，确定主题句位置，进而明确段落主旨大意。
题型三：利用主题句在段尾位置推敲段落大意
技巧点拨：有时主题句出现在段尾，关注一些表征总结性，结论性的词: in brief/ shrt, all in all, in cnclusin, in a wrd等，这些词后面连接的通常是主题句。
题型四：利用段落没有主题句推敲段落大意
技巧点拨：有时候段落没有出现主题句，需要考生自己总结提炼，难度更大。
题型五：利用“总-分-总”结构推敲语篇主旨大意题
技巧点拨：有时候段落没有出现主题句，需要考生自己总结提炼，难度更大。
【真题示例】（2022全国甲卷C篇31题）
As Ginni Bazlintn reached Antarctica, she fund herself greeted by a grup f little Gent penguins(企鹅) lnging t say hell. These gentle, lvely gatekeepers welcmed her and kick-started what was t be a trip Ginni wuld never frget.
Ever since her childhd, Ginni, nw 71, has had a deep lve fr travel. Thrughut her career(职业) as a prfessinal dancer, she tured in the UK, but always lnged t explre further When she retired frm dancing and her sns eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time t take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began t travel the wrld, eventually getting wrk teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discvered she culd get last-minute cheap deals n ships ging t Antarctica frm the islands ff Tierra del Fueg, the suthernmst tip f the Suth American mainland. “I just decided wanted t g,” she says. “I had n idea abut what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervus, I just wanted t d it. And I wanted t d it alne as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni barded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met befre, t begin the jurney twards Antarctica. “Frm seeing the wildlife t witnessing sunrises, the whle experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impressin n me that n ther place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rse ut f the water like sme prehistric creature and I thught it was smiling at us. Yu culd still hear the peratic sunds it was making underwater.”
The realizatin that this is a precius land, t be respected by humans, was ne f the biggest things that hit hme t Ginni.
31. What is the text mainly abut?
A. A childhd dream.B. An unfrgettable experience.
C. Sailing arund the wrld.D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
31. A。主旨大意题。根据第二段“Ever since her childhd, Ginni, nw 71 has had a deep lve fr travel.(今年71岁的吉妮从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了71岁的Ginni Balintn从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。由此可知，A childhd dream.(童年的梦想)能够概括文章主旨。故选A。
【学以致用】（2020全国III卷C篇31题）
With the yung unable t affrd t leave hme and the ld at risk f islatin(孤独), mre families are chsing t live tgether.
The drway t peace and quiet, fr Nick Bright at least, leads straight t his mther-in-law, she lives n the grund flr, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their tw daughters.
Fur years ag they all mved int a three-strey Victrian huse in Bristl — ne f a grwing number f multigeneratinal families in the UK living tgether under the same rf. They share a frnt dr and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her wn kitchen, bathrm, bedrm and living rm n the grund flr.
“We flated the idea t my mum f sharing at a huse,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spke mre with Nick because I think it’s a big thing fr Nick t live with his mther-in-law.”
And what des Nick think? “Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well. Wuld I recmmend it? Yes, I think I wuld.”
It’s hard t tell exactly hw many peple agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising fr sme time. Official reprts suggest that the number f husehlds with three generatins living tgether had risen frm 325,000 in 2002 t 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties f multigeneratinal family are mre cmmn. Sme peple live with their elderly parents; many mre adult children are returning t the family hme, if they ever left. It is said that abut 20% f 25-34-year-lds live with their parents, cmpared with 16% in 1991.The ttal number f all multigeneratinal husehlds in Britain is thught t be abut 1.8 millin.
Stries like that are mre cmmn in parts f the wrld where multigeneratinal living is mre firmly rted. In India, particularly utside cities, yung wmen are expected t mve in with their husband’s family when they get married.
31. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Lifestyles in different cuntries.B. Cnflicts between generatins.
C. A husing prblem in Britain.D. A rising trend f living in the UK.
31. D。主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“With the yung unable t affrd t leave hme and the ld at risk f islatin(孤独), mre families are chsing t live tgether.”可知，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险，越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。所以短文主要是关于英国生活方式的一种上升趋势。
【技能提炼】
【考前技能篇3】完形填空的解题技巧
考法一、完形填空解题技法
技法一 利用首局信息解题
[技法点拨]
完形填空一般不在首句设空，这是为了给考生提供清晰而完整的文章背景信息。若首句交代了when, where, wh, what,即四个“W”,一般来说文章为记叙文；若首句提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说文章为说明文；若首句提出一个论点，一般来说文章为议论文。仔细分析首句，往往能获取许多解题信息。除了文章首句以外，考生还可以利用段落首句来把握文章大意。主题句一般出现在段落的开头。
【真题示例】 (2022·新高考I卷)My husband,ur children and I havehad wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.
Sme f ur 21 (memries)are funny,especially frmthe early years when ur children were little. Once, we 22 alng Chalk Creek. I was 23 (wrried)that ur 15-mnth-ldby wuld fall int the creek(小溪). I tied a rpe arund his waistt keep him near t ur spt.
B.drveC.walkedD.cycled
22. A完形填空一般选用记叙文作命题材料。文章的首句常常会交代故事发生的背景，如时间、地点、人物等。本文的首句交代了背景：作者在过去的十年里，和丈夫、孩子有过精彩的露营经历。根据首句wnderfulcamping experiences和下文的 keep him near tur spt可知，作者一家在Chalk Creek岸边露营(camped)。
技法二 利用复现信息解题
[技法点拨]
在完形填空中，仅仅依据设空所在句的句意或设空前后句的语境无法对有些题目作出正确判断。此时，就需要考生仔细阅读文章，因为答案往往会出现在文中某处，我们把这种现象称作“信息复现”。语篇的信息复现包括原词
复现、同义词或近义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。考生可以利用这一现象快速解题。
【真题示例】(2022·全国甲卷)Yu can tell a lt abut a man by hw hetreats his dgs.
Fr many years, I enjyed living with my dgs, Tilly andChance. Their 41 (cmpaninship) was nearly enugh t keepmy lneliness at bay, Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with 42 (reservatins). When I first dated Steve, I 43 (learned) he had a dg, Mlly, and a cat, Flra. While I was 44 (thrilled) that he was an animal lver, I 45 (wrried) that threedgs were perhaps t many,and my dgs might attack 46 , the cat.
46. A. FlraB. ChanceC. MllyD. Tilly
46.A 此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击猫。根据上文“he had a dg,Mlly,and a car,Flra”和设空处后the cat为同位语可知，此处应该填猫的名字。故选A。
技法三 利用语义关联解题
[技法点拨]
在行文过程中，文章往往围绕一个主题展开，因此，句与句之间，甚至段落之间存在必然的关联。语义关联题旨在考查考生对语篇的整体把握能力，考生如果没有整体意识，往往很难找出正确答案。解答此类题目时，考生需要考虑设空处与句内其他部分、前后句甚至相隔较远的句子在语义上的连贯性。换言之，要充分考虑上下文语境，根据语义的连贯性解题。
【真题示例】(2022·新高考I卷) My husband,ur children and I havehad wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.

Nw, every year when my husband pulls ur camper ut fthe garage,we are filled with a sense f 34 (excitement), wndering what camping fun and 35 we will experience next.
35. A.failureB. adventureC. perfrmanceD. cnflict
35.B 本题要结合上文语境进行作答，根据上文可知，作者一家两次和家人露营，两次都很惊险，但最后都平安度过危机。以及下文“we will experience next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B。
技法四 利用逻辑关系解题
[技巧点拨]
完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，例如让考生依据文中表示逻辑关系的词语来判断人物态度或情感。
【真题示例】(2022·新高考I卷)I was 23 (wrried)that ur 15-mnth-ld by wuld fall int the creek(小溪). I tied arpe arund his waist t keep him near t ur spt. Thatlasted abut ten minutes. He was 24 (uncmfrtable), and his crying let the whle campgrund knw it. S 25 tying him up,I just kept a clse eye n him.
25. A. due tB. instead fC. apart frmD. as fr
25. B 根据上文“He was uncmfrtable,and his cryinglet the whle campgrund knw it.”以及下文“I justkept a clse eye n him"可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以(s)作者而不是(instead f)在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。
技法五 利用褒贬语境解题
[技法点拨]
完形填空要求考生综合考虑文章的措辞是否得当、语句是否通顺和上下文语境是否一致等，而这些都与词语的感情色彩相关。作者在选择使用特定的褒义词或贬义词时就表达了自己的感情倾向和意愿。考生在做完形填空时，要仔细体会作者所用词汇的褒贬含义，揣摩作者的思想和感情。褒义词和贬义词是判断人物性格特征、事情发展趋势等的一个重要切入点，考生做题时要抓住这个线索，进行合理推测，往往就能判断出正确答案。
【真题示例】(2022·新高考I卷)The 29 (wind)picked upand thunder rlled. My husband stpped fishing t 30 (start) the mtr.Nthing. He tried again. N 31 .We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.
B.answerC.wnderD.signal
31.A 本题可以结合褒贬语境解题。根据上文的“Nthing”和下文“were stuck in”和“dead”可知发动机没有发动起来，我们被困在了湖中央，由此可知很不幸(Nluck)。故选A项。
技法六 利用褒固定搭配解题
[技法点拨]
固定搭配是完形填空的常考点，英语中的固定搭配非常多，考生平时要熟记它们，并能够在具体语境中识别出来，从而选择正确的答案。做题时，考生要注意所填词与空格前后词语的搭配。
【真题示例】(2022·全国甲卷)The next week we 47 (walked) ur dgs tgether. It was a ht day. When wepaused t catch ur 48 , Steve gt dwn n ne knee.
48. A. breathB. balanceC. attentinD. imaginatin
48.A 根据上文“It was a ht day.When we paused”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch ne'sbreath为固定搭配，意为“休息一下、喘口气”。故选A。
技法七 利用平行结构解题
[技法点拨]
平行结构指的是意义相关、层次相同、句法功能也相同的词组或句子等成串排列的语言现象。这些结构的形式整齐、对称，考生可根据这些特征选择正确答案。常见的连接平行结构的词有：and,but,as well as,r, , , either... r.., ntnly... but(als)., ,rather than,than等。命题者常利用平行结构表现的意义具有关联性这一特点来设空，因此，掌握这些平行结构可大大提高解题效率。
【真题示例】(2022·全国乙卷)Yung children acrss the glbeenjy playing games f hide and seek. Fr them, there'ssmething highly exciting abut 41 smene else'sglance and making neself unable t be seen.
41. A. fllwingB. takingC. escapingD. directing
41. C 本题可以利用平行结构解题。由上文enjy playing games f hide and seek可知孩子们喜欢玩捉迷藏游戏。设空处和下文making neself unable t be seen是由and引导的两个并列的宾语，由此可知，设空处指避开(escaping)别人的视线，让自己不被人看到。故选C。
技法八 利用生活常识解题
[技法点拨]
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西方文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
【真题示例】(2021·全国乙卷) she 53 (reached)ne nurse,she tried t press a five-pund nte int herhand. My clleague 54 (refused) t accept it, sayingthat we were all just 55 (ding)ur jb. The patient lked puzzled, and then 56 (replied): "Oh this isn't fr the 57 (care)I had. I take that as a 58 (given). N, this is fr setting my hair yesterday."
And there yu have it. T many peple, 59 lives ispart f the jb but styling hair is an 60 (extra) andshuld be rewarded.
59. A. riskingB. changingC. savingD. building
59. C 本题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。对许多人来说，挽救(saving)生命是医护人员工作的一部分。但是做头发是额外的事，应当得到酬谢。
技法九 利用排除法解题
[技法点拨]
做完形填空题，有时不能直接得出某一道题的答案，这时可以运用排除法解题，即先排除明显的错误选项，缩小选择的范围，然后结合其他方法进一步分析剩余选项的合理性，从而提高正确率。其实，在用各种方法解题的过程中都可以结合运用排除法。
【真题示例】(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷)He kicked it wide pen, finding a 29 wman in a wheelchair with a little by and a tiny baby. “Let's 30 (get ut)!” he screamed.The wman lked at himin cnfusin and said smething abut changing her clthes. Grantdidn't wait, clutching(抓牢)the baby t his chest and 31theby alngside,Grant ran dwn the hallway.
29. A. frightenedB. curiusC.patientD. grateful
31. A. fllwingB. dragging C. examiningD. passing
29.A 根据下文中的“The wman lked at him in cn-fusin”可知，该女士有些茫然，结合选项可排除B、C、D三项，frightened“害怕的”;curius“好奇的”;patient“耐心的”;grateful“感谢的”。
31.B根据语境和常识可知，格兰特一手抓牢婴儿，一手拽着(drag)小男孩沿着走廊跑去。结合选项可排除A、C、D三项，fllw“跟随”;examine“测试”;pass“通过”。
考法二、完形填空词语复现技巧
1原词复现
【真题示例】【2022•全国甲】When I first dated Steve, I learned he had a dg, Mlly, and a cat, Flra. While I was thrilled that he was an animal lver, I wrried that three dgs were perhaps t many, and my dgs might attack 46 the cat.
46. A. Flra B. Chance C. MllyD. Tilly
【解析】 46. A。虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flra。根据上文的“he had a dg, Mlly, and a car, Flra (他有一条名叫Mlly的狗和一只名叫Flra的猫)”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flra。故选A。
提醒：Flra—Flra原词复现
【真题示例】【2022·新高考I卷】My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years. Sme f ur memries are funny, especially frm the early years when ur children were little. Once, we 22 alng Chalk Creek.
22. A. campedB. drveC. walkedD. cycled
【解析】22. A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drve开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, ur children and I have had wnderful camping experiences ver the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。
提醒：camping ---camped原词复现
2同义词复现
【真题示例】 【2018·全国卷】 When mst f us get a text message n ur cell phne frm an unknwn persn, we usually say “srry, 41(wrng) number！” and mve n. But when Dennis Williams 42 a text that clearly wasn't intended fr him, he did smething 43(special).
42. A.received B. translated C. cpied D. printed
【解析】42. A。根据文章第一句When mst f us get a text message n ur cell phne frm an unknwn persn可以推知，他接到了电话。A. received收到；B. translated翻译；C. cpied复制；D. printed印刷。本题可以利用语义复现解题。第42空是上文“get”的同义词复现，故选A。
提醒：get—received 是同义词复现
【真题示例】【2021·天津】He 23 (ffered) t fix bikes free f charge fr anyne wh needed it.He als asked fr unwanted bikes，which he wuld repair again 24 .
24. A. by accident B.in advance C.fr free D.n credit
【解析】24. C。by accident偶然；in advance提前；fr free免费；n credit赊账。上文提到他主动提出为有需要的人免费修自行车，根据空前的again及语境可知，此处指他会再次免费修废弃的自行车。故选C。
提醒：free f charge与fr free是同义词复现。
3近义词复现
【真题示例】【2017·全国I卷】While high schl des nt generally encurage students t explre new aspects f life, cllege sets the stage fr that explratin.I myself went thrugh this 41 prcess and fund smething that has changed my 42 (experience) at cllege fr the better: I discvered ASL—American Sign Language (美式手语).
41. A.searching B. planning C. natural D. frmal
【解析】41. A。根据首句提供的相关信息:high schl与cllege，以及“nt generally encurage students t explre”与“sets the stage fr that explratin”分析判断，“我”亲身经历了这个探索过程，发现这个让“我”的大学的经历更加美好的东西:美式手语。故是searchingprcess(探索过程)，与前文的explratin吻合。本题可以利用语义复现解题。第41空是上文“explre”的近义词复现，故选A。
【真题示例】【2022·新高考I卷】Anther time, we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake. The sky was clear when we headed ff, but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly interrupted ur peaceful mrning trip. The 29 picked up and thunder rlled.
29. A. windB. niseC. temperatureD. speed
【解析】29. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. nise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“strms mve in fast in the muntains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
提醒：strms—wind近义词复现
4反义词复现
【真题示例】 【2022·新高考Ⅱ卷】 She and her husband have spent the last tw years traveling the wrld，stpping everywhere frm Paris t Singapre.It might sund like ne lng，expensive 42 (vacatin), but the cuple has an unusual way t make their travel 43 .
43. A.safe B.busy C.helpful D.affrdable
【解析】43. D。safe安全的；busy繁忙的；helpful有帮助的；affrdable负担得起的。由but可知，此处与上文中的expensive(昂贵的)构成反义关系，也就是“便宜的”或“负担得起的”。故选D。
【真题示例】【2019·全国Ⅱ卷】Ehlers eventually succeeded in caxing the animal t him. Nervusness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔) Ehlers’ face.
49. A. surprise B. jy C. hesitatin D. anxiety
【解析】49. B。设空处下一句Itjust started licking Ehlersface.(小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸)说明小狗见到Ehlers很高兴与之前的紧张和害怕形成对比。根据空后内容可知，此处指小狗的紧张和害怕被高兴(jy)所取代了。故选B。
提醒：Nervusness and fear—jy 是反义词复现
5上下词复现
【真题示例】【2020·全国Ⅰ】Since ur twins began learning t walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that ur sliding glass dr is just a windw. ..
One day they’ll 47(wake up) and discver that everything they’ve always knwn abut windws is a 48(lie) . I wnder if 49 shuld always tell the truth n matter the 50 (cnsequences). I have a very strng 51 (fear) that the lie we’re telling is ding 52 (spiritual) damage t ur children.
49. A. parents B. twins C. clleagues D. teachers
【解析】49. A。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。parents父母twins双胞胎clleagues同事teachers老师。根据下文t ur children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。根据上文中提到的ur twins，the kids以及下文中的ur children可知，此处是指父母(parents)。故选A。
提醒：ur twins，the kids以及下文中的ur children与下文parents是总括与分述的词汇复现
【真题示例】【2022·全国乙卷】We brught yung children aged 2－4 int ur Minds in Develpment Lab at USC. Each 47(child) sat dwn with an adult wh cvered her wn eyes r 48 . We then asked the child if she culd 49(see) r hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they culdn’t.
48. A. feet B. nse C. hands D. ears
【解析】48. A。ft脚；nse鼻子；hand手；ear耳朵。根据下文“r hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。此处ears与下文中的hear是上下词复现。
提醒：ears与下文中的hear是上下词复现
考法三、完形填空解题思维导图
【考前技能篇4】语法填空的解题技巧
[思维导图]
考向一 有提示词
考向二 无提示词
[名师点津]
一、括号内给动词的三种填法：
一是谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；
二是非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词；
三是动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。
二、填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”：
一看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three mnths;
二看句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…;
三看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”；
四看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。
三、语法填空两个重要理念：
一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查t d, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇 一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。
四、自由填空黄金做题思路:
一是填写介词，需要考虑空前空后与动词、名词或形容词的固定搭配或习惯用法；
二是填写冠词，考虑a和an的区别，以及定冠词和不定冠词的区别以及含冠词固定搭配；
三是填写连词，既要考虑并列句中and, r ,but的选择又要考虑名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句连接词的选择；
四是填写代词，高频词是it，还有ne，anther, either, neither, that等不定代词。
上述自由填空一般占3-4空，其余为给词填空。
一、语法填空有提示词类为动词
考法一、语法填空有提示词类为谓语动词
技法一 如何确定是否作谓语
技法二 如何确定谓语动词的时态
[针对训练]
1. Every time I g hme t see my father, he ften ________(fish) in the river near ur village.
2. Qizai ___________(find) as a weak baby panda in 2009 in Qinling Muntains.
3. The exam results _____________(put) up tmrrw afternn. Please wait patiently.
4. The twins ______________(help) their mther d the husewrk at this mment.
5. (2022·全国甲)In the last five years，Ca _______________(walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents，and in 2016，he reached the tp f Kilimanjar，Africa’s highest muntain.
6. By abut 6000 BC，peple __________________(discver) the best crps t grw and animals t raise.
7. There，he nt nly did well as a student but als ___________ (becme) an accmplished public speaker.
8. The elephants invaded farms，________(visit) a car dealership and even shwed up at a retirement hme.
9. I ___________(drive) dwn t Lndn when I suddenly fund that I was n the wrng rad.
10. This marks the first time that categrical rhythm _____________ (find) in a nnhuman mammal.
11. I say t him with a cheerful smile，“G t exercise and yu _________(feel) better.”
12. Therefre，it is high time that we ___________________(take) effective measures t imprve the current situatin.
13.The wrd“thermplium”literally meant“a place where smething ht ________(sell)”at that time.
[Keys: 1. fishes 2. was fund 3. will be put 4. are helping 5. has walked 6. had discvered 7. became 8. visited 9. was driving 10. has been fund 11. fill feel 12. tk/shuld take13. sells]
技法三 如何确定谓语动词的语态
[针对训练]
1. On the last day f ur week-lng stay，we ____________(invite) t attend a private cncert n a beautiful farm n the Nrth Shre.
2. (2020·全国Ⅰ)Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brwn University，says，“because it means we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn _______ (cnstruct).”
3. (2022·河南许平汝联盟三模)Rather，it _______(see) as a typical reactin t the grwing awareness f the prblems that can result frm climate change and ther glbal threats.
4. There are many flwers in the garden，which _______(smell) s sweet that they attract many butterflies.
5. The cat which yu bught fr me is made f a kind f clth ________ (wash) easily.
6. Great changes ___________(take) place in my hmetwn in the past ten years.
[Keys: 1. were invited 2. is cnstructed 3. is seen4. smell 5. washing 6. have taken]
技法四 如何确定谓语动词的单复数形式(主谓一致)
注意 what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果表语是复数名词，则谓语动词用复数形式。What the schl needs are qualified teachers.
[针对训练]
1. (2022·浙江1月)Travelling t cnferences，lectures，wrkshps，and the like—frequently by plane — ______________(view) as imprtant fr scientists t get tgether and exchange infrmatin.
2. (2019·天津改编)Amy，as well as her brthers，___________(give) a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
3. The pet and writer ___________( prduce) many wrks s far，sme f which have been translated int freign languages.
4.My friend shwed me arund the twn，which _____(be) very attractive.
5.Many a parent ____________(have) had t g thrugh this same painful prcess.
6. Nt nly the students but als their teacher _____(be) mved deeply by the mving stry.
7. (2024·陕西咸阳模拟)Even thugh there ____(be) mre pprtunities t g ut and d fun things in the city，it may take fcus away frm yur studies.
8. The class _______(d) experiment when the teacher came in.
9. Up t nw the sick ____________ (cure) and the lst ____________ (find).
10. (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)Often，nly a small part f a museum’s cllectin _________(be) n display. Mst f it is stred away r used fr research.
[Keys: 1.is viewd/has been viewed 2. was given 3. has prduced 4.was 5. has6. was 7. are 8. were ding 9. have been cured, have been fund 10. is]
考法二、语法填空有提示词为动词填写非谓语动词
技法一 如何确定是非谓语动词
56. (2022·新高考全国Ⅰ) ___________ (cver) an area abut three times 57 the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park，the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
分析句子结构可知，此句没有并列连词，知不是并列句，也没有从属连词，知不是复合句，可以确定此句是简单句；此句话已经有了谓语动词will be，所以该空应填非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该词在句中作状语，其逻辑主语是the GPNP，它们是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式；此空位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Cvering。
技法二如何确定作主语和表语的非谓语动词
[针对训练]
1. ___________(carry) a large quantity f cash culd put the wner in danger as rbberies quite ften happened alng the way.
2. (2019·全国Ⅲ)On ur way t the huse，it was raining s hard that we culdn’t help wndering hw lng it wuld take ______(get) there.
3. (2021·全国甲)It is pssible __________(walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
4. The day is _______________(celebrate) the imprtance and rle f philsphy in ur lives.
5. (2018·全国Ⅲ)I quickly lwer myself，ducking my head t avid lking directly int his eyes s he desn’t feel ____________ (challenge).
6. Biprinting may be a relatively new field but the results s far are _____________(encurage).
[Keys: 1. Carrying 2. t get 3. t walk 4. t celebrate 5. challenged 6. encuraging]
技法三 如何确定作宾语的非谓语动词
[针对训练]
1.Sme say it is necessary fr graduates t spend mney in __________ (prduce) embellished resumes and buying suitable clthes.
2.I wn’t call myself the mst accmplished persn when it cmes t ________(hld) chpsticks.
3.The windws were never pened except _______(air) the rm fr a few minutes.
[Keys: 1. prducing 2. hlding 3. airing ]
考法三、语法填空有提示词为动词词类转换
如果所给动词既不作谓语，也不作非谓语，则一般应进行词性转换，通常加后缀变为名词。常见的动词变名词的后缀有以下几种。
[针对训练]
1. (2022·全国甲)Ca and Wu als cllected garbage alng the rad，in rder t prmte envirnmental ___________(prtect).
2. A pssible ________(win) fr “Best Pun” might shw Peter Rabbit，the character frm The Tale f Peter Rabbit，with a tail made f marshmallw fluff(棉花糖).
3. Rainfrests have their wn perfect system fr ensuring their wn ________(survive).
[Keys: 1. prtectin 2. winner 3. survival ]
二、语法填空有提示词类为名词
技法一 如何确定名词的词形变化
[针对训练]
1. (2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we _________(human) are.
2. “Making cins was ne f the greatest financial ________(activity) in human histry，” said researchers，adding that it allwed wealth t be traded easily.
3. These Yungang __________________(researcher) attempt is a gd example f technlgy helping t preserve cultural heritage.
4. (2021·全国乙)Prvide _________(finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples.
5. (2022·全国甲)Ca believes this will make the hiking trip even mre ___________ (meaning).
[Keys: 1. humans 2. activities 3. researchers’ 4. financial 5. meaningful ]
三、语法填空有提示词类为代词
[针对训练]
1. She shwed _______(they) the micrwave，water dispenser(饮水机) and refrigeratr in the space kitchen.
2. All ____(we) yuanxia are handmade，because it is the nly way t maintain the traditinal flavr.
3. (2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)As the sng ges，this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”，and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ______(I).
4. Althugh several hundred peple have claimed ___________(they) as eyewitnesses f sme giant apelike creatures in Shennngjia，there is n tangible evidence t cnfirm the existence f a “wild man”.
[Keys: 1. them 2. ur 3. mine 4. themselves ]
四、语法填空有提示词类为形容词
[针对训练]
1. (2022·浙江1月)On a website called N Fly Climate Sci，fr example，________(rugh) 200 academics—many f them climate scientists—have prmised t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.
2. (2020·全国Ⅲ)Filled with _________(curius)，the artist packed his bags and left.
3. Over the past decades，the cuntry has lst mre than 30% f its frest cver due t _______(legal) lgging.
4. (2021·浙江6月)When the huse was built，it was much _______(small) than it is tday.
5. (2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets，the _______(ht) the spring！
6. China’s new-generatin high-speed train，the Fuxing Ha，is nw ne f the _______(fast) trains in the wrld.
7. (2022·全国甲)In the last five years，Ca has walked thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents，and in 2016，he reached the tp f Kilimanjar，Africa’s ________(high) muntain.
[Keys: 1. rughly 2. curisity 3. illegal 4. smaller 5. htter 6. fastest 7. highest]
五、语法填空自由填空为连接词
技法一 如何确定并列连词
[针对训练]
1. Only a few primate species sing，____ they are precius resurces in ur search fr the evlutinary rigins f human musicality.
2. He didn’t receive an award fr his hnesty _____ he did g frm litter t glitter (闪光) in just ne week.
4. We were sleeping ______ we heard the dg barking crazily utside.
5. Wrk mre efficiently _____ yu will have mre time fr the rest and relaxatin.
6. Get dwn t yur wrk at nce ____ yu will be fired.
[Keys: 1. s 2. but 3. when 4. and 5. r]
技法二 如何确定定语从句的关系词
注意 常见的只用that而不用which的情况：
(1)先行词指物是不定代词或者被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用that。
D yu have anything that yu want t say fr yurself?
(2)先行词指物被序数词、形容词最高级或the nly，the very，the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
This is ne f the mst exciting ftball games that I have ever seen.
This is the nly thing that we can d nw.
(3)先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
The scientist and his achievements that yu tld me abut are admired by us all.
(4)当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也作表语时，关系代词通常只用that。
Shanghai is n lnger the city that it used t be.
[针对训练]
1. (2022·浙江1月)Kim Cbb，a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta，is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics _________ are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.
2. And the mst ppular f all is an 8-inch-tall stuffed animal versin f the Beijing Olympics masct—Bing Dwen Dwen，a rtund panda ______ suit is made f ice.
3. (2020·天津改编)____ is described in paragraph 4，taking a small kid t a half-hur Stry Time allws the parent t enjy quiet reading.
4. (2024·陕西渭南二模)In mst Chinese tea villages，March is the time f year _____ lcals start t pick and prcess tea.
5. Wind pwer is an ancient surce f energy ____ which we may return in the near future.
6. The ld lady had ne sn and tw daughters，nne f ______ treated her well，which made her very sad.
7. I’d appreciate my teacher very much withut _______ help I culdn’t win the award.
[Keys: 1. that/which 2. whse 3. As 4. when 5. t 6. whm 7. whse]
技法三 如何确定名词性从句的连接词
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。分析句子结构，先找出主句的谓语动词，谓语动词之前的从句为主语从句，动词和介词后的为宾语从句，系动词后的为表语从句，名词后的从句且对名词内容加以解释的从句为同位语从句。判断出从句以后，再根据以下技法确定连接词。
[针对训练]
1.(2019·全国Ⅰ)While they are rare nrth f 88°，there is evidence _____ they range all the way acrss the Arctic，and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.
2.(2022·江西萍乡二检)_________ anyne actually believes in a causal relatinship between eating these fds and receiving the prmised benefits r nt is unclear.
3.(2022·山西晋中一模)With magnificent natural scenery civilizatin，the turist area lies alng _____ may be the mst charming sectin f the upper reaches(上游) f the Yellw River.
4.(2020·全国Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an artist _____ paintings were almst lifelike.
5.That is _____ yu have t vercme yur laziness if yu want t be utstanding in life.
6. Finally，the mtt als represents a series f patterns f ______ cuntries shuld wrk tgether.
7.It is likely _______ FAST will help make many new Nbel-level discveries.
8.It is warned ____ the pandemic culd create a “lst” generatin wh will be affected by “lifelng” mental illnesses.
[Keys: 1. that 2. Whether 3. what 4. whse 5. why 6. hw 7. that 8.that ]
技法四 如何确定状语从句的连接词
[针对训练]
1._____ a keystne species disappears, ther plants and animals may die ff and nt grw back.
2. ______ I gt my first library card in the mid-1950s, my appreciatin fr the institutin develped quickly.
3. __________________ it is nrmal fr yu t want nly the best fr yurselves, that is the surce f yur prblems and stress.
4.(2019·全国Ⅲ)On ur way t the huse, it was raining ____ hard that we culdn’t help wndering hw lng it wuld take t get there.
5.If yu dn’t understand smething, yu may research, study, and talk t ther peple _____ yu figure it ut.
6.(2021·天津改编)We all need t get invlved in saving energy ________ it’s at wrk, at hme, r at schl.
[Keys: 1. If 2. When 3. Thugh/Althugh/While 4. s 5. until 6. whether ]
四、语法填空有提示词类为冠词、代词、介词
技法一 如何确定填冠词
[针对训练]
1.(2020·全国Ⅲ改编)In ancient China lived ____ artist whse paintings were almst lifelike.
2.Liuzhu lusifen，___ sup dish，is named by sme peple as “durian(榴莲) f sup” fr its strng smell.
3.Wang is China’s secnd wman in space，after Liu Yang made histry by jining ____ Shenzhu-9 spacecraft in 2012.
4.Designed and cnstructed t ______ highest ever standards fr green and sustainable husing，the three villages will be able t accmmdate 5,500 athletes and team fficials.
5. The Antarctic is ____ nly regin in the wrld that has never been hme t human civilizatin.
6.In a smetimes callus(冷漠的) wrld where peple can be s fcused n what they’re ding，a randm act f kindness can make ____ difference.
7.A study shwed that an 80-year-ld Tsimané persn has ____ same cardivascular(心血管的) age as an American in his mid-50s.
[Keys: 1. an 2. a 3. the 4. s 5. the 6. a 7. the ]
技法二 如何确定填代词
注意 (1)常用it作形式主语的句型有：
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他
It＋be＋adj.＋f/fr sb. ＋t d sth.
It is n gd/n use/useless/a waste f time ding sth.
It is a pity/a fact/n wnder/adj.＋that...
It seems/appears/turns ut/ccurs t sb. ＋that...
It is said/reprted/believed/...＋that...
It takes sb. sme time/mney t d sth.
(2)常用it作形式宾语的句型有：
主语＋think/believe/suppse/cnsider/make/keep/...＋it＋补语＋t d sth. /that...
主语＋like/hate/lve/appreciate/...＋it＋从句
(3)固定用法：
when it cmes t...当谈到……
as sb. puts it正如某人所言
make it成功
[针对训练]
1.Hwever，the railway quickly prved t be a great success and within six mnths，mre than 25,000 peple were using ___ every day.
2.N bread eaten by a man is s sweet as _____ earned by his wn labr.
3.He skimmed the pages quickly，then read ______ again mre carefully.
4.If yu’re buying tday’s paper frm the stand，culd yu get _____ fr me？
5.Hwever，____ was nt until three decades later that Zhi left the village and went t an even mre remte village schl in the muntains.
6.____ is believed that there will be 2.5 billin autmbiles wrldwide by 2050.
7.I culdn’t have made ____ thrugh thse times withut the supprt f my parents.
[Keys: 1. it 2. that 3. them 4. ne 5. it 6. It 7. it ]
技法三 如何确定填介词
当空格后出现的是名词、代词或者动名词，且这些词不作主语、宾语或者表语时，需要考虑填介词。
[针对训练]
1.(2021·全国甲)It was built riginally t prtect the city __________ the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred(修复).
2.(2020·浙江7月)Sme time after 10,000 BC，peple made the first real attempt t cntrl the wrld they lived ________，thrugh agriculture.
3.Mrgan says that it is time that peple stpped standing by and recrding n their phnes when they see smene ____ truble.
4.Brn in Nanchang City in 1961，Zhi applied t wrk as a teacher at the primary schl in Niyang village after graduatin，thugh her mther strngly disagreed ______ her.
5.This rute，knwn ____ the Great Ring Line，was als built by CRCC，and was the first Eurpean subway prject designed by a Chinese cmpany.
[Keys: 1. in/during 2. in 3. in 4. with 5. as ]
【考前技能篇5】七选五试题的解题技巧
阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。
1.选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。
2.话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
【高考考向】
【思维导图】
考法一：考查小标题句
【真题示例】(2023•全国甲卷39题)
Tricks T Becming A Patient Persn
…
●Practice gratitude (感激)
…
● Make yurself wait
…
● 39 .
S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. Yu shuld learn t say t yurself, “ 40(This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable) .” Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
39. 答题思路：
第一步：观察标题特征。结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知答案在选项A、B、C中选择。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。根据本段内容“S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncmfrtable对应后文cmfrtable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
【学以致用】 (2022•全国乙卷39题)
Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain (保持) lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
..
·Mre isn’t always merrier
…
·Practise empathy (共情)
…
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships. Althugh technlgy might make day-t-day cmmunicatin pssible, extra effrt ges a lng way n special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track f friends’ birthdays and ther imprtant dates will make sure nthing slips by yu.
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
…
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
39. 答题思路：
第一步：观察标题特征。结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知答案在选项A、B中选择。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even mre weight in lng-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，
第三步：锁定最佳答案。下文最后一句Simply keeping a diary that keeps track f friends’ birthdays and ther imprtant dates 中 friends’ birthdays 和ther imprtant dates 与标题 Remember imprtant dates 呼应。由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，故选A。
【技能提炼】
考法二：考查段首主题句/过渡句
高考七选五段首句题占0-1题，根据特定语境，可能是段落主题句，也可能是小标题句和段落之间过渡句。学会先观察其余标题句特点做到心中有数，然后借助于标题句和空后内容进行提炼加工。
【真题示例】(2023•新高考II卷39题)
…
▪Start small. I suggest using a sketchbk (素描本) fr small studies. These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future.…
▪Paint ften and paint frm life. There’s n better way t imprve than t put in thse brush miles. Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible.…
▪Cntinually challenge yurself t try smething new. 18 Get ut f yur cmfrt zne. Artistic grwth can be a bit painful. Welcme t the club; we’ve all been there. I lve taking n challenges.
▪_ 39 _ Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback (反馈) is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and, in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple. They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability.
…
A. Get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
B. Make career plans and set gals.
C. Dn’t thrw away yur beginner art.
D. Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s.
E. Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times.
F. Evaluate yur perfrmance and, if needed, redefine yur rle.
G. Yu’ll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin.
39题解题思路:
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
分析设空处位置特点，该空位于段首，是本段的中心句或主旨句，同时联系其他段落首句，发现都是祈使句。因此推断该空需要一个段落主题句，且是祈使句开头。
第二步：关注下句和关键词。
根据后一句“Seeking and accepting cnstructive feedback (反馈) is crucial t grwth. I pst my wrk n scial media and, in turn, have met sme f the kindest peple. They make me feel valued and respected, n matter my level f artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
综合上述信息，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D项。
【学以致用】 (2022•全国甲卷39题)
Imprtant Things t Knw When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise yu with sme f its imprtant rules. 36 Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant. Knwing sme tips will help ensure that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
Chpstick Rules
…
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
…
Making Requests
39 . In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd.
…
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
39题答题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
第39空上有小标题，属于段落主旨句，因此设空位置处于小标题和段落之间的承上启下过渡句。
第二步：承上启下上挂下联。
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Prtugal, this wuld be a serius mistake, because it shws the chef that yu dn’t like their seasning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask fr extra cheese t add t yur fd. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
【技能提炼】
考法三：考查段中瞻前顾后型
从2020到2023年高考考情统计表和高三教学实际来看，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。
【真题示例】 (2023•新高考I卷39题)
Persnal Frgiveness
Taking respnsibility fr mistakes is a psitive step, but dn’t beat yurself up abut them. T err (犯错) is human. 36 It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness. Yu can use the fllwing writing exercise t help yu d this.
In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths.” 37 Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
37题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
根据空前内容“In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
注意选项和文本同义转换：put the heading=list, persnal strengths= characteristics yu like abut yurself. 选项B “Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
【学以致用1】 (2023•新高考II卷40题)
As an artist wh shares her jurney n scial media, I’m ften asked by curius fllwers hw t begin an art jurney. Unfrtunately, there is n magic list I can ffer. I d remember, thugh, what it was like t be a cmplete beginner. S I’ve put tgether sme gd tips fr starting an art jurney.
…
The jurney yu’re n wn’t fllw a straight path. 40 Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life.
A. Get ut f yur cmfrt zne.
B. Make career plans and set gals.
C. Dn’t thrw away yur beginner art.
D. Share yur wrk if yu feel cmfrtable ding s.
E. Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times.
F. Evaluate yur perfrmance and, if needed, redefine yur rle.
G. Yu’ll develp that painting muscle memry that nly cmes with repetitin.
40题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
分析设空处，空处位于段落第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The jurney yu’re n wn’t fllw a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push thrugh, give it time and put in the effrt. Yu will harvest the rewards f an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合上下文，E项“Yu’ll hit radblcks, and yu’ll feel discuraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
【学以致用2】(2023•全国甲卷38题)
● Make yurself wait
Instant gratificatin (满足) may seem like the mst “feel gd” ptin at the time, but psychlgy research suggests waiting fr things actually makes us happier in the lng run. And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. 38 . Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. Yu’ll sn find that the mre patience yu practice, the mre yu start t apply it t ther, mre annying situatins.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
38题解题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。
第二步：关注段首句和上文。
根据上文“And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合语境，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【技能提炼】
考法四：考查首段段尾过渡句型
【真题示例】(2023•新高考II卷36题)
If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly. 36
·Befre yu pen the bk, make sure that yu are cmfrtable. Yu need a seat which supprts yur back and the bk shuld be at the right distance frm yur eyes….
…
A. Stp t have a rest nw and then.
B. Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.
C. This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.
D. Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.
E. Make a nte f any page which is f special imprtance.
F. Yu may find yurself having t learn smething by heart.
G. Keep the rm cl rather than warm t avid feeling sleepy.
36题答题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于第一段段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。
根据上文“If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
过渡句典型句式Here are….。D项：Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。
【学以致用1】(2022•新高考I卷36题)
Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain (保持) lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact (联系) and share with ne anther. With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. 36 .
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
36题答题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于第二段段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：关注段落标题和上一句。
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去”给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
小标题+同义复现。上一句讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去”给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。同义转换Set a regular date= find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it。故选D。
【学以致用2】 (2017•全国III卷39题)
Lts f peple find it hard t get up in the mrning and put the blame n the alarm clck. In fact, the key t easy mrning wake-up lies in resting yur bdy clck. 36 A better plan fr sleep can help. Here is hw t make ne.
• 37 Find the right mtivatin…
• Rethink mrnings. …
• Keep yur sleep/wake schedule n weekends. If yu’re tired ut by Friday night, sleeping in n Saturday culd sund wnderful. But cmpensating (弥补) n the weekends actually feeds int yur sleepiness the fllwing week, a recent study fund. 39 .
A．Get a sleep specialist.
B．Find the right mtivatin.
C．A better plan fr sleep can help.
D．And cnsider setting a secnd alarm.
E．If the steps yu take are wrking, keep it up.
F．Stick t yur set bedtime and wake-up time, n matter the day it is.
G．Recnsider the 15 minutes yu spend in line at the cafe t get cffee.
39题答题思路：
第一步：观察设空位置特点。
该空明显位于第四段段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：关注段落标题和上一句。
根据本段中心句“Keep yur sleep/wake schedule n weekends.(周末保持你的睡眠/起床时间表)”可知，本段主要建议人们在周末也要坚持自己的作息时间，上文“But cmpensating (弥补) n the weekends actually feeds int yur sleepiness the fllwing week, a recent study fund(但最近的一项研究发现，周末的补偿实际上会让你在接下来的一周更加困倦。)”指出如果周末没有保持自己的作息时间，而是多睡觉，这实际上让自己下周更困倦，由此可知，此处强调我们应该要保持自己的作息时间，F项“Stick t yur set bedtime and wake-up time, n matter the day it is.(不管是哪一天，都要坚持你设定的睡觉时间和起床时间。)”符合，对上文做出总结。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
段首主题句+段尾总结句与之呼应。此处强调我们应该要保持自己的作息时间，F项“Stick t yur set bedtime and wake-up time, n matter the day it is.(不管是哪一天，都要坚持你设定的睡觉时间和起床时间。)”符合，对上文做出总结，故选F。
【技能提炼】
考法五：考查残缺主句或从句
【真题示例】(2021•全国乙卷36题)
Accrding t Jessica Hagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it’s nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party.
_ 36 , if yu’re ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu’re wandering int smebdy’s huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here?”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
36题答题思路：
第一步：观察设空句子特点。
该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的but非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺前一分句的并列句。
第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。
根据上文“it’s nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B项“The first step is t g explring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
这里需要“形意兼顾”，既要考虑前边主句完整还要考虑逻辑一致。本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B项“The first step is t g explring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，B项符合题意。
【学以致用1】 (2023•全国乙卷36题)
Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways they are the unsung heres f the hme. 36 , but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry. What’s mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
36题答题思路：（并列句残缺前一分句）
第一步：观察设空句子特点。
该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的but非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺前一分句的并列句。
第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。
根据下文“but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成nt nly…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
这里需要“形意兼顾”，既要考虑搭配完整还要考虑逻辑一致。此处与下文是递进关系，构成nt nly…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
【学以致用2】(2015•全国II卷38题)
During the first week, d nt think abut distance, but run five minutes lnger each day. 38 , it is wise t take a day ff t rest. But during the next week, set a gal f at least a mile and a half per run. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile. After tw weeks, start timing yurself. Nw yu are ready t figure ut a gal f imprving distance and time. Depending n the kind f race yu plan t enter, yu can set up a timetable fr the remaining weeks befre the race.
A. After six days
B. Fr a gd marathn runner
C. Befre yu begin yur training
D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile
E. If they still feel gd, yu can begin running in them
F. Time spent fr preparatin raises the quality f training
G. Nw yu are ready t figure ut a gal f imprving distance and time
38题答题思路：（简单句残缺介词短语或非谓语）
第一步：观察设空句子特点。
该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的简单句非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺的简单句。
第二步：关注段落标题和后半句。
根据上文中的"During the first week"及下文中的"take a day ff t rest"可推知,此处指六天后休息一天。
第三步：去伪存真锁定答案。
结合语境，"During the first week"及下文中的"take a day ff t rest"可推知,此处指六天后休息一天，故选A。
【技能提炼】
考法六：考查词语复现技巧
复现是为保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现主要是指原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现、词汇同现等。
【真题示例】【2022新高考I卷】原词复现 ntice
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. 39
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
39. G。根据前文“My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【学以致用1】【2020全国I卷】同义词复现 little---small
38 . They're the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
D. Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E. It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F. S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G. Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
【解析】38. D。解此题可运用词汇复现法，该空后面的They're the little spts f clr和D选项Small clr chice是同义词复现，所在段最后一句中的“small clr chices”是D项“Small clr chices”的原词复现。故答案是D。
【学以致用2】（2021·全国甲卷38题）近义词复现 “new” clthes= clthes in gd cnditin
Invite 5—10 peple s yu have a nice selectin. Less peple than that, and there may nt be enugh things t chse frm; mre than that, and it becmes uncntrllable.
38 . They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their “new” clthes hme.
A. Less peple than that
B. Hld a clthing swap
C. If tw peple are cmpeting
D. Just keep music playing thrughut
E. Dnate whatever clthes are left ver
F. Have everyne put their clthes in the right spts
G. Tell everyne t bring clean clthes in gd cnditin
【解析】38. G。本题考查近义词复现。本段空白后“They shuld als prepare plenty f reusable bags t carry their ‘new’ clthes hme.”讲他们还应准备大量的可回收的袋子，来把“新”衣服带回家。其中的“clthes”原词复现是解题提示，同时“new”表明衣服应该是好的，对应G选项中的“clean”“in gd cnditin”。
【学以致用3】（2020·全国II卷39题）反义词复现friendlier和unfriendly
While the yunger generatins prefer t cmmunicate visually, fr thse used t wrking with traditinal tls like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The gd news is that it’s simple t learn and can be wrth the effrt.
There is als the matter f tne（语气）. Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? 39 . Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
A. Message with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E. Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F. Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G. An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
39. B。根据前句“ Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。
【学以致用4】（2021全国乙卷40题）同根词复现awkward和 awkwardness
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment (赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turn arund and say, “This cake is extremely delicius and yu have t tell me all abut it.”
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here?”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh has had t much t drink r wn't stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【解析】40. G。本段主要讲面对“dinner-party killer：awkward silence”(晚宴杀手：尴尬的沉默)时应该怎么办。根据空前的“the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment (赞扬)”可知，解决办法是赞扬晚宴的主人，G项“He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst”(他或她是最能感受到这种尴尬的人)符合语境。G选项中的“He r she”指代the hst，“awkwardness”同义复现也是解题提示。故答案是G。
【技能提炼】
考法七：考查代词指代技巧
【真题示例】（2023新高考I卷39题）人称代词they
Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list. 39 That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh. In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
【解析】39.根据空后内容“That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend r family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
【学以致用】（2018全国I卷37+38+39题）代词指代
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. 37 , they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there’re really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
38 . They’re the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable. Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. 39 . They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu're lking fr
C．If yu're experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we're mst familiar with
E．It's nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
【解析】37. A。代词线索题。空格后的they指代上文中的techniques，且与A项中的all f them相呼应，代入A项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境。结合第二段第一句中的"a number f different techniques"以及最后一句给出的三种设计方案可知，此处表示"虽然这些技巧非常有用，但它们会有一点复杂"，故A项符合语境。
【解析】38. D。代词线索题。第二段最后一句出现了"the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes"，第三段提到了"small clr chices"，由此可知空处所在段主要在讲"the small nes"，故选D。
【解析】39. G。代词线索题。第四段最后一句提到了"a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes"和"a mre pwerful effect"可知，此处是和上文中的"small clr chices"作对比，故选G。
【技能提炼】
考法八：考查逻辑关系技巧
【真题示例】（2013全国I卷38+40题）总分关系
Business management is a term used t describe the techniques f planning, directin, and cntrl f the peratins f a business. 38 One is the establishment (制定) f brad basic plicies with respect t prductin; sales; the purchase f equipment, materials and supplies; and accunting. 39 The third relates t the establishment f standards f wrk in all departments. Directin is cncerned primarily with supervisin(监管) and guidance by the management in authrity. 40
A. Cntrl includes the use f recrds and reprts t cmpare actual wrk with the set standards fr wrk.
B. In this cnnectin there is the difference between tp management and perative management.
C. Examples f nnprfit businesses include such rganizatins as scial service agencies and many hspitals.
D. Hwever, sme businesses nly seek t earn enugh t cver their perating csts.
E. The secnd aspect relates t the applicatin f these plicies by departments.
F. In the thery f business management, rganizatin has tw main aspects.
G. Planning in business management has three main aspects.
【解析】38. G。前句解释了商业管理的概念，下文为商业管理中规划所包含的三个方面，与G项中的"three main aspects"相一致。故选G。
【解析】39. E。前一句为第一个方面，后一句为第三个方面，显然本句应介绍第二个方面。故选E。
【解析】40. A。第二段的第一句介绍了商业管理中的三个技巧，分别是 planning, directin和cntrl。接下来已经介绍了前两个技巧，最后一个技巧"cntrl"还未提及，所以本空应涉及cntrl的内容。故选A。
【学以致用1】（2019全国II卷39题）解释关系
Anther way f setting realistic gals is t analyze yur shrt and lng term bjectives, keeping in mind yur beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that gals are flexible. 39 They als need t be measurable. Yu must keep these pints in mind while setting yur gals.
A. This can affect yur wrk.
B. S hw shuld yu mtivate yurself?
C. Hwever, this shuld nt discurage yu.
D. S why shuld we try t set specific gals?
E. They can change accrding t circumstances.
F. Mtivatin is what yu need mst t d a gd jb.
G. Withut mtivatin yu can neither set a gal nr reach it.
【解析】39. E。根据空格前的gals are flexible可知，目标是灵活的，E项“它们可以根据情况而改变”对其进行了解释，故选E项。
【学以致用2】（2023新高考I卷37题）例证关系
In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths.” 37 Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
37.根据空前内容“In a jurnal r n a piece f paper, put the heading “Persnal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are yu caring? Creative? Generus? A gd listener? Fun t be arund? They dn’t have t be wrld-changing, just aspects f yur persnality that yu’re prud f.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
【学以致用3】（2016全国II卷38题）并列关系
Sme peple may think that a garden is n mre than plants, flwers, patterns and masses f clr. Others are cncerned abut using gardening methds that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 38 Hwever, there are a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. One f them cmes frm ur earliest years.
A. Knw why yu garden
B. Find a gd place fr yur wn garden
C. It’s ur experience f the garden that matters
D. It’s delightful t see s many beautiful flwers
E. Still thers may simply enjy being utdrs and clse t plants
F. Yu can prduce that kind f magical quality in yur wn garden, t
G. Fr each f thse gardens, writer dwn the strngest memry yu have
38. E。由本段中的第一句Sme ...，第二句的Others ...，可锁定E项中的Still thers ...，它们之间为并列关系，故选E项。
【学以致用4】（2023全国甲卷37题）递进关系
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic. 37 . “Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。als表示递进关系。
【学以致用5】（2022全国乙卷40题）转折关系
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
40 , but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
40. F。设空处所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“scial media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technlgy”。故选F。
【学以致用6】（2020新高考卷38题）因果关系
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact. mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message. S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne. 38
A. D the ppsite.
B. Yu want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’ t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E. The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience
F. Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners
G. Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
【解析】38. C。根据上文中的“S，dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.”可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小错误无需道歉，故C项正确。
【技能提炼】
【考前技能篇6】短文改错的解题技巧
一、短文改错思维导图
二、短文改错解题步骤
1．通览全文，把握大意
正确理解短文内容，准确把握大意是识别和纠正错误的前提和条件。因此，有必要在动笔之前，快速阅读全文，理清逻辑关系，形成整体印象后，再综合运用已有的语言基础知识着手改错。对短文的首句或前几句所交代的时间、地点、背景以及全文的主体时态应予以特别重视。
2．逐行分析，分句判断
英语短文改错一般“题以行出，错从句生”，因此必须以句子而不是以每行为意义单位来分析。分析复合句查连词，分析主句、从句和简单句查句法和语法错误，最后分析组成句子的各部分查词法错误。判断时务必要结合短文内容瞻前顾后，仔细斟酌，反复推敲，尤其要注意上下文之间是否连贯、统一，行文逻辑是否符合习惯，结构搭配是否和谐等。
3．由易到难，各个击破
纠错时要从最简单最熟悉的项目入手，进行观察、分析、纠正。遇到不好改的难句时，既不要因无从下手而被拦路虎吓倒，畏缩不前，也不要因急于求成而草率行事，匆匆改就。此时，不妨将其“束之高阁”，继续往下做。多数题目做完后，个别难题或许就能根据上下文提供的信息迎刃而解。实在难以改正的，也许就是正确无误的行，可留待最后通盘考虑，再最后敲定。
4．复读全文，弥补疏漏
这是短文改错的最后也是关键的一步。上述步骤完成后，要继续本着“有错必改，有误必纠”的原则复读全文，仔细检查语言是否规范，意思是否连贯，句子是否合乎逻辑，错误类型比例是否恰当，答题是否规范等等，以确保每行每句正确无误。
三、短文改错词法错误
词法错误在高考短文改错中复现率达百分之百，其错误设置主要集中在名词、冠词、代词、介词、形容词、副词等词类误用、易混词辨析、固定搭配错误等方面。
【归纳1】名词使用错误
名词使用错误在高考短文改错中几乎每篇必考，热点有：名词单复数错误；不可数名词误用；名词作定语及名词所有格误用等。
【典例1】Last Thursday, we had class meeting t discuss where t g fr ur spring uting.
【分析】class meeting表示“班会”，是可数名词，因此“举行一个班会”应说have a class meeting。
【典例2】The subject discussed at the meeting included: pllutin, ppulatin and wildlife prtectin.
【分析】subject常用作可数名词，表示“话题，科目”。依据冒号后面的内容推断话题不止一个，因此应用复数形式subjects。
【归纳2】冠词使用错误
冠词使用错误在高考短文改错中复现率接近100%，常考点有：单数可数名词前漏用不定冠词；抽象名词具体化时，前边没有用不定冠词；固定搭配中漏用冠词；物质名词或抽象名词表示泛指时前边应省略冠词；根据特定语境下需要表示特指或泛指时冠词误用等。
【典例1】I will learn mre abut histry f the Olympics as well as the 2008 Olympic Games.
【分析】histry表示“历史”学科时，前边省略冠词，但是这里表示“2008年奥运会以及奥运会”的历史，是特指概念，因此histry前应加上定冠词the。
【典例2】It was indeed nt easy t get in the tuch with everybdy and set a gd time fr all f us.
【分析】get in tuch with sb.是固定搭配，表示“与……取得联系”，因此应去掉冠词the。
【归纳3】代词使用错误
代词在高考短文改错中所占比例不大，但由于隐蔽性强，难度较大，主要考点是：不定代词由于含义、范围、搭配不同导致误用；代词的数、格、形与具体语境不协调造成错误等。
【典例1】I hpe I can be a bridge between China and thers cuntries in the future.
【分析】thers用作代词，表示“其他人/物”，而这里后接名词cuntries应用形容词ther修饰。因此应把thers改为ther。
【典例2】Getting ut f the classrm is indeed necessary fr we all.
【分析】走出教室对我们大家来说的确有必要。fr是介词，后接代词作宾语应用其宾格。us all=all f all，表示“我们大家”。
【典例3】Nw, I fully understand hw hard is t earn mney.
【分析】现在我完全明白挣钱是多么困难。understand后接hw引导的感叹句，该句中应该用it作形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语。所以在is前加it。
【归纳4】介词词使用错误
介词在英语中用法非常灵活，其考点主要集中在：常见介词误用；介词与名词、形容词、动词的搭配错误等。
【典例1】I imagine yu’ll be at vacatin yurself by that time.
【分析】be n vacatin表示“在度假”，是固定搭配，因此应该把at改为n。
【典例2】Sme students ften listen t music amng classes t refresh themselves.
【分析】amng用于三者以上，表示“在……中”，between常用于两者之间，有时还表示“三者以上中两两之间”，这里强调“任意两节课之间”，因此应把amng改为between。
【归纳5】形容词、副词使用错误
高考短文改错形容词和副词的错误主要在于词类误用；比较结构不完整以及比较级或最高级前修饰语误用等。
【典例1】Tired as we were, we all felt happily.
【分析】尽管我们很累，但是我们感到很高兴。feel, lk, seem, taste, sund等连系动词后接形容词构成“系表结构”。因此应把happily改为happy。
【典例2】After he read the letter, he suddenly realized that what he had dne was real flish.
【分析】修饰动词、形容词或副词应用副词，因此应把real改为really，表示“的确愚蠢”。
【典例3】Ten years ag the ppulatin f ur village was twice as larger as that f theirs.
【分析】英语中倍数的表达方法之一是“倍数词+as…as...”结构，因为as…as...形容词/副词原级的比较，因此应把larger改为large。
四、短文改错句法错误
句法错误是高考短文改错必考点，考点内容复杂，主要涉及动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、主谓一致、短语动词等方面。统计表明，考生在句法方面的失分所占比例较高。因此考生应给予足够的重视。
【归纳1】动词时态语态使用错误
动词时态语态使用错误点集中在：语境化时态不一致；并列句谓语前后时态不一致；固定句型中的时态；忽视语境要求该用被动语态没有用或者不该用却使用了等等。
【典例1】One day, the schl held a party, where I invited t talk abut Tianjin.
【分析】依据语境一天学校举办聚会，我被邀请谈谈天津的情况”，应用被动语态，又是描述过去的行为。因此应在invited前加was。
【典例2】We chse the cheapest biscuits and ate them under a tree.
【分析】这是一个并列句，谓语动词在时态、语态方面应该保持一致。因此结合语境应把chse改为chse。
【归纳2】非谓语动词使用错误
非谓语动词在高考短文改错中复现率达100%，其热点集中在：过去分词和动词-ing形式的区别；t的误用；动词后接不定式和动名词的典型用法等。
【典例1】I am very exciting t learn that yu’re cming t Beijing fr the Olympic.
【分析】exciting表示“令人激动的”，excited表示“感到激动的”。依据语境“得知你要来北京看奥运会我感到很激动”，因此应把exciting改为excited。
【典例2】We’d better nt t miss the chance t enjy it.
【分析】had better d sth.表示“最好做某事”，其否定形式是had better nt d sth.。因此应去掉第一个t。
【典例3】If yu want t d it well, yu need t find a gd dancing teacher and taking lessns regularly.
【分析】要想做好这一点，你需要找一个舞蹈教师并经常上课。need后接两个不定式作宾语，第二个t可以省略，因此应把taking改为take。
【归纳3】主谓一致错误
主谓一致考点很多，但概括起来只有三种，语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。
【典例1】 Bth my parents miss yu a lt. S d ur friend, Cathy.
【分析】“s+谓语+主语”是倒装句，表示前边的情况也适合于后者。这里倒装句的主语是ur friend，单数意义，因此应把d改为des。
【典例2】Taking exercise every day help us build ur bdies and keep a clear mind.
【分析】动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数，因此应把help改为helps。
【归纳4】词语搭配使用错误
词语搭配涉及的知识点比较多，主要有介词和名词的固定搭配；动词与介词或副词的搭配；形容词与介词的搭配等。
【典例1】We students f tday have t fix ur attentin n ur lessns, and fr a result, we knw little f sciety.
【分析】as a result是固定词组，表示“结果是”。因此应把fr改为as。
【典例2】I have been tld ne mre wrker will be needed this year and I think yu are fit it.
【分析】be fit fr表示“适合于；称职”，因此应在fit后加fr。
【归纳5】句子累赘错误
句子累赘造成的错误在每年的高考短文改错中都会出现，而且隐蔽性较强。累赘词往往出现在考生认为合理的地方，如修饰语、代词、介词、冠词累赘等，应引起足够重视。
【典例1】 My huse is abut three kilmeters far away frm the Natinal Stadium.
【分析】be far away frm表示“距离……很远”，若接一个具体的数字，则应用be …away frm。因此应去掉far。
【典例2】 I’m sure yu will find a jb yu like it best.
【分析】yu like是定语从句，前边省略了关系代词that，因此it是多余的。
【典例3】The harder yu study, the mre greater prgress yu’ll make.
【分析】 “The+比较级……, the+比较级……”是常用句型，表示“越……，越……”，因此, the mre greater是重复使用了比较级，应去掉mre。
五、短文改错常见行文逻辑错误
行文逻辑错误在高考短文改错中所占比例不大，但复现率达100%。同时由于涉及到整个语篇，需要考生整体把握和局部判断相结合，才能够提高命中率。
【归纳1】前后句之间关联词引起的逻辑错误
前后句之间关联词引起的逻辑错误考点集中在：并列句中and和but的使用；各种从句的连接词等等。
【典例1】Therefre, when we reached the tp, we were shcked t see litter here and there.
【分析】依据语境逻辑特别是we were shcked t see，推断这里前后逻辑上表示转折关系。因此应把Therefre修改为Hwever。
【典例2】It was a pity which sme f us were nt present as they had gne abrad fr further studies.
【分析】It was a pity that…表示“真遗憾……”，It 是形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。因此应把which改为that。
【归纳2】nt引起的逻辑错误
nt引起的逻辑关系错误主要集中在：依据语境该用否定形式（增加nt）或者应该使用肯定形式(去掉nt)。
【典例1】I must wrk hard t imprve my spken English s that I will nt be able t cmmunicate freely with freigners.
【分析】结合语境，“我必须努力提高英语口语以便我能够和外国人自由交流”，s that引导的目的状语从句表示肯定形式，因此应去掉nt。
【典例2】I've gained sme scial experience and I have learnt smething that can be learnt frm textbks.
【分析】依据语境，“我学到一些课本上学不到的东西”，从句逻辑上表示否定意义，因此应在can后加nt。
【归纳3】由比较结构引起的逻辑关系错误
比较结构引起的逻辑关系错误包括：该用比较级而没有用或者恰恰相反；比较的对象不协调、对象不一致等。
【典例1】I wnder if yu’ll be free then s we culd chat abut the gd lder days.
【分析】这里仅表示“聊聊过去美好日子”，没有明显比较之意，因此应把lder改为ld。
【典例2】 The tw men threw all their equipment int the water t make the balln light.
【分析】两个男子把所有器材抛入水中使得气球变得更轻，含有比较之意，应把light改为lighter。
【典例3】Mr Smith wns a larger cllectin f cins than anyne I have ever met.
【分析】本句逻辑上表示“史密斯先生收集的硬币比我见到其他任何人都多”，原句逻辑上没有排除史密斯先生，因此应在anyne后加else。
六、短文改错考点剖析
考法一： “不一致性”错误
谨记①主谓不一致;②时态、语态不一致;③名词的单复数不一致;④代词指代不一致;⑤搭配不一致等。
例1．We have spent several precius weekend in learning in the English Club.
答案：weekend改为weekends
解析：several后面的 weekend应用复数形式。
考法二：“行文逻辑”错误
谨记①两种句式→并列句(并列连词)、复合句(从属连词);②六种关系→转折、选择、层递、并列、因果、同位;③一种变化→语意的曲折变化,如:肯定与否定,方位与时空的转移等。
例2．We liked the dishes but we were happy t learn the English sngs at the party.
答案：but改为and
解析：根据关键词liked the dishes和were happy可知前后两个并列分句在语意上是并列关系。
考法三：“平行结构”错误
谨记平行概念要使用相同的语法结构,即动词与动词相配、形容词与形容词相配、分词与分词相配、动词不定式与动词不定式相配、短语与短语相配。
特别提醒:平行结构中常见的并列连词and,but,r及短语nt nt... well as等。
例3．It lks as if my parents treat me as a visitr and a guest.
答案：and 改为 r
解析：a visitr 和 a guest 应是选择关系，意思是“好像我的父母亲把我当作一个来访者或一个客人”。
考法四：“词性词形”错误
谨记名词的单复数变化、代词的词形变化以及形容词和副词的词形变化。要弄清词性与词性之间的相互修饰关系,比如:形容词常修饰名词,副词常修饰形容词、动词、分词等。
例4．I’m glad t say that anything has wrked ut well in ur prject.
答案：anything改为everything
解析：anything常用于否定句和疑问句,而句中强调高兴的原因是“一切(everything)”进展顺利。
考法五：“动词变化”错误
谨记动词时态和被动语态的词形变化、非谓语动词的词形变化以及第三人称单数词形变化等。
例5．The freign teachers wrk hard t make the activities interesting us greatly.
答案：interesting改为interest
解析：us是宾格形式,在make sth.interest sb.结构中做interest的宾语。
考法六：“疑问词、关联词”错误
谨记what和hw引导感叹句、which和that引导定语从句、抽象名词后面常常跟that引导的同位语从句等。
例6．The news what they wn the match surprised us very much.
答案：what改为that
解析：the news后面应该是一个同位语从句,而且从句中不缺成分,意义完整。
考法七：“多词”错误
谨记①词义重叠;②介词多余;③助动词、系动词多余;④冠词多余;⑤定语从句中的成分重复导致多余;⑥程度副词和频率副词,如 much,mre,ften等的多余;⑦小品词t多余等。
例7．I read yur e-mail t my parents and shw them the pht yu sent it t me.
答案：去掉it
解析：分析句子结构可知先行词是the pht,sent的宾语是定语从句省略的引导词that/which,所以后面再加it就重复了。
考法八：“缺词”错误
谨记①缺系动词;②缺介词;③缺冠词、物主代词等限定词;④在定语从句中缺关系代词或关系副词;⑤缺连接词;⑥缺否定词;⑦缺不定式符号t等。
例8．As everyne knws,it’s famus muntain with all kinds f plants and animals.
答案：famus muntain前面加不定冠词a。
解析：此处意为“一座名山”,含有数量“一座”的意思。
七、短文改错真题再现
【2023▪全国甲卷】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I used t afraid f insects, but last Friday’s bilgy class make a big change in me. In that class, Miss Zha, ur bilgy teacher, shwed we insects n stamps. The bees, butterfly and many ther insects lked lvely and beautifully n the stamps. Miss Zha tld us the names f the insects r described their living habits. She even played sme recrdings f their singing, what was fun. Nw, I’ve cme t lve thse f small living things. In the evening, when I take the walk in the schl garden, the singing f insects becme mre meaningful t me.
【答案】1. t后加be 2. make → made 3. we → us 4. butterfly → butterflies 5. beautifully → beautiful 6. r → and 7. what → which 8. 删除f 9. the → a 10. becme → becmes
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经害怕昆虫，但是上星期五的生物课使作者觉得昆虫也很有趣。
【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：我过去害怕昆虫，但是上星期五的生物课使我发生了很大的变化。表示“害怕……”短语为be afraid f，此处为used t d sth.。故t后添加be。
2.考查时态。句意：我过去害怕昆虫，但是上星期五的生物课使我发生了很大的变化。事情发生在上周五，故用一般过去时。故make改为made。
3.考查代词。句意：在那节课上，我们的生物老师赵老师给我们看了邮票上的昆虫。作动词shw的宾语，应用宾格us。故we改为us。
4.考查名词的数。蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。句意：根据上文The bees可知，此处应用复数形式。故butterfly改为butterflies。
5.考查形容词。句意：蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。系动词lvely后跟形容词beautiful，作表语。故beautifully改为beautiful。
6.考查连词。句意：赵老师给我们讲了昆虫的名字，并描述了它们的生活习性。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故r改为and。
7.考查定语从句。句意：她甚至播放了一些它们唱歌的录音，这很有趣。此处非限制性定语从句修饰singing，从句缺少主语，指物，在故what改为which。
8.考查介词。句意：现在，我开始喜欢上那些小生物了。thse后可以直接跟small living things作定语，不需要介词。故删除f。
9.考查冠词。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。表示“散步”短语为take a walk。故the改为a。
10.考查主谓一致。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。此处为一般现在时，主语为the singing f insects，谓语用三单形式。故becme改为becmes。
【2023▪全国乙卷】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\) 划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last Friday my mm decided t clr his hair. She studied with all the hair prducts at the drugstre. The clr she chse came in a bx which had a picture f a wman that hair clr lked just perfect. Mm was sure same clr wuld lk great n her. She put the new clr n her hair r sat still fr 30 minutes, just as the directins saying. Hwever, instead f the brwnish red hair she had hped fr, she final gt purple hair. She went right int the shwer t washing it, but it was n use. At least ne thing prved truth: the clr wuldn’t wash ut.
【答案】1. his →her 2. 删除with 3. chse → chse 4. that → whse 5. same前加the 6. r → and 7. saying → said 8. final → finally 9. washing → wash 10. truth → true
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的妈妈自己染发的故事。
【详解】1.考查代词。句意：上周五，我妈妈决定染头发。此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”，应用代词her。故his改为her。
2.考查动词。句意：她研究了药店里所有的护发产品。study是及物动词，后面直接接宾语，介词with多余。故删除with。
3.考查时态。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，由上文Last Friday可知，应用一般过去时。故chse改为chse。
4.考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是wman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whse引导。故that改为whse。
5.考查冠词。句意：妈妈确信同样的颜色在她身上会很好看。same前常加定冠词。故same前加the。
6.考查连词。句意：她把头发染成新的颜色，静静地坐了30分钟，就像说明书上说的那样。此处是并列顺承关系，不存在选择关系。故r改为and。
7.考查动词时态。句意：她把头发染成新的颜色，静静地坐了30分钟，就像说明书上说的那样。as引导方式状语从句，由语境可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故saying改为said。
8.考查副词。句意：然而，她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发，而是紫色的头发。此处修饰动词gt，应用副词，作状语。故final改为finally。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意：她直接走进淋浴间去洗，但是没有用。此处不定式表目的，应用动词原形。故washing改为wash。
10.考查形容词。句意：至少有一件事被证明是正确的：这种颜色洗不掉。prve为系动词，表示“证明是”，后接形容词。故truth改为true。
【考前技能篇7】应用文写作的解题技巧
一、应用文写作20个高分句式
考点一： I am Li Hua,... 同位语，定语从句/非谓语。
【微解】该句式中同位语通常由名词或名词短语充当。
例1．【佳句】①I am Li Hua, chairman f the Students Assciatin. [2022•新课标卷I应用文] 我是学生会主席李华。
②I'm writing t invite yu t attend “Talk and Talk”, an English prgram funded by ur schl bradcasting statin.[2022•新课标卷I应用文]我写信邀请您参加“访谈”节目,这是我们校广播电台创办的英语节目。
考点二：非谓语+主语+谓语等
【微解】该句式表同一个主语发出两个不同的动作，主要动作用谓语,次要动作用非谓语。
例2．【佳句】 ①Seeing this scene, I felt prud f him, my eyes filled with mist. [2022•新高考全国卷读后续写]看到这一幕,我为他感到骄傲,眼睛模糊了。
②Their father, seeing the mess in the kitchen, immediately understd what had happened. [2021•新高考I卷读后续写]他们的父亲看到厨房里一片狼藉,立刻明白发生了么事。
考点三：主语+谓语等，aiming t...(非谓语动词)……为了/the purpse f which is t d (非限制性定语从句)……为了……
【微解】如果表“我写信的目的是……”，不用该句式直接用不定式作状语即可。
例3．【佳句】①The radi prgram was funded in 2016, aiming t prvide a gd platfrm fr the students t share their schl life.[2022•新课标卷I应用文] 该广播节目成立于2016年,旨在为学生提供一个分享学校生活的良好平台。
②Last weekend ur schl rganized a fruit-picking activity n a farm, the purpse f which is t stress the imprtance f hard wrk [2020•全国卷Ⅱ书面表达] 为了强调劳动的重要性，上周末我们学校组织了一次到农场的采摘活动。
考点四： It is+adj.+(fr/fsb.)t d/that从句 is+f+n.(+frsb)t d(对于某人/某人)是怎么样的
【微解】该句式中it是形式主语，f+n.中的名词有 imprtance, benefit, help, interest, use, value 等。
例4．【佳句】①It is wise fr us t take a shrt break after learning fr 30 minutes.[2021•全国乙卷]对我们来说，学习30分钟后休息一会儿是明智的。
②It is f great benefit t participate in the activity, because it taught us the imprtance f wrking hard. [2020•全国卷Ⅱ] 参加这个活动很有益,因为它教会了我们劳动的重要性。
考点五：主语+谓语+it+adj.+(fr sb./sth.)t d/that从句/主语+谓语+it+n.+t d/that 从句某人认为/发现/觉得做某事是怎么样的
【微解】该句式中it是形式宾语,常见的谓语有 believe, find ,cnsider, feel, make 和 think.
例5．【佳句】①I cnsider it cnvenient t learn nline because we can learn anytime and anywhere. [2021•全国乙卷满分作文] 我认为在线学习很方便，因为我们可以随时随地学习。
②I fund it f great use t visit the exhibitin f the students Chinese painting.[2021•浙江高考] 我觉得去参观这次学生国画展览很有用。
考点六： It ges withut saying that...毋庸置疑……
【微解】在该句式中，that句中的谓语动词的时态根据实际情况而定。
例6．【佳句】It ges withut saying that cean plays an imprtant rle in many aspects. [2022•全国甲卷书面表达] 毋庸置疑，海洋在许多方面发挥着重要作用。
考点七： I'd appreciate it if..如果……我将感激不尽微解 该句式可改为I’d be grateful if...
例7．【佳句】I wuld appreciate it very much if yu culd take my invitatin int accunt.[2022•北京卷应用文] 如果您能考虑我的邀请，我将不胜感激。
考点八： What 从句+be+ n./What 从句 is that ….
【微解】主语从句作主语,从句的谓语常是upset，delight, surprise, amaze, astnish, satisfy, wrry impress，matter等表沮丧、高兴、惊讶、满意、担忧，使印象深刻、重要等的动词。
例8．【佳句】①First f all, what we can d is t place imprtance n ur daily actins.[2022•全国甲卷书面表达]首先，我们能做的是重视我们的日常行为。
②What impressed me was the amazing wrks f thse gifted student painters.[2021•浙江高考满分作文]令我印象深刻的是那些天才学生画家的惊人作品。
考点九： There is n dubt/There is n denying that...毫无疑问/不可否认……
【微解】在该句式中，that引导同位语从句。
例9．【佳句】There is n denying that the activity was an unfrgettable experience. [2020•新高考I卷满分作文]不可否认，这次活动是一次难忘的经历。
考点十：主句，which/wh等引导的非限制性定语从句
【微解】不能用that引导非限制性定语从句，如表“这一点”，应用关系代词which;指人，作主语用wh
例10．【佳句】①I lked arund and finally sptted David, wh was standing by himself ff t the side by a fence. [2022•新课标读后续写] 我环顾四周，终于发现了大卫，他独自站在栅栏旁。
②Whenever peple arund get int truble, they are willing t g t her fr help, which makes her respected by all ur neighbrs.[2020•全国卷I满分作文]每当周围的人遇到麻烦，他们都愿意去找她帮忙，这使她受到所有邻居的尊敬。
考点十一：As an ld saying ges... 俗话说,……
【微解】在该句式中，as引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的全部内容。
例11．【佳句】 As an ld saying ges, “Gd helps thse wh help themselves.” [2020•全国卷I满分作文]俗话说，“天助自助者。”
考点十二：s that，in rder that引导目的状语从句
【微解】该句式引导目的状语从句常与情态动词can culd 等连用。
例12．【佳句】As far as I am cncerned, students shuld d mre listening and speaking s that/in rder that they can develp their cmmunicatin skills.[2022•全国乙卷书面表达]就我而言，学生应该多听多说，以便发展他们的沟通技巧。
考点十三：Nt nly+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+谓语+其他，but+主语+als+谓语+其他，不仅……而且……
【微解】 该句型中Nt nly…位于句首时，前一分句句子采用部分倒装语序（前倒后不倒）。
例13．【佳句】The activity was highly thught f, which was nt nly rewarding, but als raised ur awareness f labr.[2020•全国卷满分作文]这次活动得到了高度的评价，不仅有益，而且提高了我们的劳动意识。
考点十四：Only+时间副词/介词短语/(when/if引导的)状语从句+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+ VO,只有……才……
【微解】nly后的状语从句中,主谓不倒装。
例14．【佳句】①Only by being smart nline learners can we truly enjy the benefits f mdern technlgy. [2021•全国乙卷满分作文] 只有通过成为聪明的网络学习者，我们才能真正享受现代技术的好处。
② Only when I wrked n the farm did I realize hw hard it was t wrk in the fields. [2020•全国卷Ⅱ满分作文]只有当我在农场干活时，我才意识到在地里劳作是多么辛苦。
考点十五：在s/such…that，结构中，店同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首时，主句委用部分倒装。
【微解】s开头，后面是形容词或副词，形容词后是be动词，副词后是助动词，然后是主语和that句式部分。
例15．【佳句】①S many benefits des cean bring t human beings that great imprtance can’t be attached enugh t prtect it.[2022•全国甲卷书面表达]海洋给人类带来了如此多的好处，以至于越高度重视来保护它越好。
②S patiently did their father instruct them that the twins made the breakfast fast and well. [2021•新高考工卷读后续写] 父亲非常耐心地指导，因此双胞胎把早餐做得又快又好。
考点十六： It is/was+被强调成分+that+其他，就是……
【微解】强调句的be动词，要么是is，要么是was，不存在第三种情况;前后时态要保持一致。
例16．【佳句】①It’s ceans that ffer us varius resurces, such as fd, medicine and s n ensuring the sustainable develpment f human beings.[2022•全国甲卷书面表达]海洋为我们提供了各种资源，如食物、药物等，保证了人类的可持续发展。
②It was nt until 8 ’clck that he realized he had spent the whle day n the Internet.
→Nt until 8 ’clck did he realize he had spent the whle day n the Internet. 直到八点钟，他才意识到自己一整天都在上网。
考点十七：what/hw感叹句
【微解】what引导的感叹句中，中心词是名词(可数/不可数/复数)，hw引导的感叹句中的中心词是形容词或副词。
例17．【佳句】Hw delicius the breakfast was! [2021•新高考I卷读后续写]早餐多么美味病! 我们在农场摘苹果的时光多么美好啊!
考点十八： withut/but fr+名词，主语+culdn't have dne 没有/要不是……，……就不会……
【微解】该句式可升级为:主句，withut which +主语+ culdn't have dne.
例18．【佳句】 ①But fr his encuragement, I culdn't have made such great prgress. [2020•全国卷满分作文]要不是他的鼓励，我不会取得这么大的进步。
②N wrds are strng enugh t cnvey my thanks t yur selfless assistance, withut which I culd nt have made such great prgress in English.[2020•浙江高考满分作文] 任何语言都不足以表达我对你无私帮助的谢意，没有你无私的帮助，我不可能在英语上取得如此大的进步。
考点十九：With+宾语+非谓语动词+主句
【微解】该句式中，非谓语动词形式有3种:ding(主动或进行)，dne(被动或完成)，t d(将来的动作)。
例19．【佳句】①With the theme-based class meeting t hld, I'm writing t ask yu fr sme advice n it. [2021•全国甲卷满分作文] 主题班会要开了，我写信征求您的建议。
②With s many fantastic wrks shwn at the exhibitin, it will surely aruse yur interest in Chinese painting. [2021•浙江高考满分作文]这次展览展出了这么多精彩的作品，一定会引起您对中国通的兴趣。
考点二十：Nthing/Nbdy/...+谓语+比较级……,没有比……更……的了
【微解】否定词和比较级连用，表最高级的含义，常用的否定词有 n，never，nthing, nbdy，hardly 等。
例20．【佳句】①Their mther cried in an excited vice, “I have never enjyed a mre tasty breakfast.” [2021•新高考I卷读后续写]妈妈激动地喊道:“我从来没有吃过这么美味的早餐。”
②It can’t be better if yu can share yur experiences with thers, thus helping them becme familiar with
yu as sn as pssible. 如果你能与他人讲述你的经历，从而帮助他们尽快熟悉你,就再好不过了。
二、应用文写作十大亮眼增分句型
增分高级句式一：运用平行结构
运用并列连词：nt nly…, but als… (不但……而且……)和列举词语：fr ne thing, … (and) fr anther… (一来……二来……)：
1.Oceans nt nly prvide us with abundant resurces, but als they play a significant rle in maintaining the balance f ur ecsystem. 海洋不仅给我们提供丰富资源，而且在维持生态系统平衡方面发挥重要作用。(2022年全国甲卷)
2.I wuld really like t interview him because he is nt nly the first Chinese t g t space but als ne f the greatest astrnauts in the wrld. 我真的很想采访他，因为他不仅是第一个上太空的中国人，也是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。(2015年安徽卷)
增分高级句式二：运用祈使句
1.First, try every means t fight against glbal warming, which has becme a great threat t sea creatures. 首先，想尽千方百计迎战全球变暖，这对海洋生物构成严重威胁。(2022年全国甲卷)
2.If it’s cnvenient fr yu, let’s meet at 8:30 utside the schl gate. If nt, let me knw what time suits yu best. 如果方便的话，我们8:30在校门外见。如果不方便，告诉我什么时候最适合你。 (2016年全国Ⅲ卷)
增分高级句式三：运用状语从句
1.It is ten years since Talk and Talk was established. 自从“Talk and Talk”创立以来已经十年了。(时间状语从句) (2022年新课标Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)
2.We can set ut early s that we’ll have mre time t read and select bks. 我们可以早点出发，这样我们就有更多的时间阅读和选书。(目的状语从句) (2016年全国Ⅲ卷)
增分高级句式四：运用定语从句
限制性定语从句：
1.It can easily be seen that the percentage f students wh chse listening t English sngs and watching English mvies is respectively 65% and 50%. 很容易看到选择听英文歌曲和看英文电影的学生比例分别是65%和50%。 (2022年全国乙卷)
2.Talk and Talk is an amazing prgram where yu can share yur ideas with students. Talk and Talk是个很棒的节目，你可以在这里和你的学生分享你的想法。 (2022年新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)
由which引导的非限制性定语从句：
3.Wrld Oceans Day was set up t raise awareness f prtecting the ceans, which play a crucial part in glbal ecsystem. 设立世界海洋日目的是提高海洋保护意识，这在全球生态系统中起重要作用。 (2022年全国甲卷)
4.Our schl is planning t hld a theme class meeting t intrduce traditinal Chinese cultures, which will be psted/presented/displayed n the English website. 我们学校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，班会将在英文网站上展示。(2021年全国甲卷)
as引导的非限制性定语从句：
5.As yu knw, Chinese knts are very ppular with Chinese peple. 如你所知，中国人非常喜欢中国结。(2013年全国Ⅱ卷)
6.As is knwn t all, with the imprvement f peple’s living standards, cars have becme a ppular means f transprt. 众所周知，随着人民生活水平的提高，汽车已成为一种流行的交通工具。(2011年江西卷)
“介词+which/whm”引导的定语从句：
7.I’d like t express my thanks t yu fr yur wrk hard, because f which Sulin and her parents are living a happy and healthy life. 我想对你们的辛勤工作表示感谢，因为你们的辛勤工作，苏林和她的父母过着幸福健康的生活。(2008年全国Ⅰ卷)
关系副词where, when, why引导的定语从句：
8.Since sprts are imprtant fr students’ health, ur schl has built a large playgrund and a gym where there are all kinds f sprts equipment. 由于体育运动对学生的健康很重要，我们学校建了一个大操场和一个健身房，里面有各种各样的运动器材。(2018年全国Ⅲ卷) 注：since引导原因状语从句。
增分高级句式五：运用名词性从句
1.It is my firm belief that nly with jined effrts t prtect ceans can we have a bright future. 我坚信只有通过共同努力保护海洋我们才有美好的未来。（同位语从句）(2022年全国甲卷)
2.I’m writing t ask if I culd wrk in yur art gallery as a vlunteer. 我写信是想问，我能不能在你的美术馆做志愿者。(宾语从句) (2019年全国Ⅰ卷)
增分高级句式六：运用倒装句式
1.Nt nly des cean ffer us sufficient fd, but als it maintains the balance f nature. 海洋不仅提供丰富食物，还能保持生态平衡。(2022年全国甲卷)
2.Only in this way can we make gd use f this new methd f learning. 只有这样，我们才能充分利用这种新的学习方法。(2021年全国乙卷)
增分高级句式七：运用强调句型
1.It was his brave heart and strng faith that culd make smething unusual happen finally. 是他勇敢的内心和坚强的意志力最终让这件事发生了。(2022年新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)
2.In my memry, it is Yuth that accmpanies me thrugh my senir high schl. 在我的记忆中，正是Yuth(校英文报)陪伴我度过了我的高中。(2021年新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)
增分高级句式八：运用被动句型
1.June 8th was fficially named by the UN in 2009 as Wrld Oceans Day. 2009年联合国正式把6月8日命名为“世界海洋日”。 (2022年新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷)
2.The festival has been a great traditin f ur schl fr ver 20 years, and this year it will be held frm 12th t 14th September. 20多年来，音乐节一直是我们学校的传统，今年将在9月12日到14日举行。(2019年全国Ⅲ卷)
增分高级句式九：运用非谓语动词
1.Wrld Ocean Day, falling n June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness f cean cnservatin. 世界海洋日，设在6月8日，旨在提高海燕保护意识。 (2022年全国甲卷)
2.T becme a mre efficient learner, we shuld balance the time f study nline and in reality. 为了成为一名更高效率的(efficient)学习者，我们应该平衡在线学习和现实学习的时间。 (2021年全国乙卷)
增分高级句式十：运用with等介词短语
1.Nwadays, with the grwing ppularity f smartphnes and cmputers, an increasing number f students are chsing t learn English beynd the classrm in varius ways. 现在随着智能手机和电脑日益普及，越来越多学生选择在课外用多种方式学习英语。 (2022年全国乙卷)
2.Every runner tried their best t finish the task, with their classmates alng the way giving them necessarily help as well as encuragement.每一位跑者都拼尽全力完成了任务，同学们一路上给予他们必要的帮助和鼓励。 (2020年新高考全国卷)
三、应用文写作30个满分佳句
高频句式一：很高兴得知你…，我写信…
1.Wrds fail t cnvey my heartfelt delight n hearing that yu will participate in the cmpetitin
2.Tremendus jy wells up frm the bttm f my heart the mment I knw yu are t sign up fr the cmpetitin.
3.Having learnt with delight that yu shw a keen interest in the Chinese idim stry cmpetitin, I am mre than privileged t d yu a favr.
4.Exceedingly delighted t knw yu’ll get invlved in the Chinese idim stry cmpetitin, I’m delighted t ffer sme tips fr yur reference.
高频句式二：就……提一些，希望……
5.My suggestins with regard t this tpic are as fllws.
6.T help yu get fully prepared, I will give yu sme advice.
7.I’d like t give yu sme practical suggestins, which I hpe will be f sme help.
8.When it cmes t traditinal Chinese culture, I’d like t ffer yu sme tips fr yur reference.
高级句式三：建议你最好……
9.First and fremst, yu are advised t practice speaking mre frm nw n.
10.It is highly recmmended that yu make full preparatins befre the cmpetitin.
11.It can’t be better if yu add sme bdy language t make yur speech mre appealing.
12.Yu’d better search the Internet fr sme specific infrmatin cncerning the idim stries.
高级句式四：活动时间、地点
13.The cmpetitin is due t start at 3:00 pm n Friday n the playgrund, ending at 5:00 pm.
14.The cntest is scheduled t begin at 3:00 pm n Friday in the lecture hall and end at 5:00 pm.
15.As scheduled, the cntest is t take place at 3:00 pm n Sunday, lasting apprximately tw hurs.
高级句式五：机会难得，不容错过
16.Such a glden pprtunity is it that yu can’t affrd t miss it.
17.It is such a glden chance t get expsed t Chinese culture that yu can’t affrd t miss it.
18.I’m fully cnvinced that yu’ll gain a deeper insight int Chinese Classics thrugh the activity.
高级句式六：祝愿……
19.May yu win the first prize in the cmpetitin!
20.Hpefully, yu will enjy yur stay here in China.
21.Wish yu best luck in the cming Chinese idim stry cmpetitin.
高级句式七：参与回复，不胜感激
22.If yu have any prblem, dn’t hesitate t let me knw.
23.Eagerly lking frward t yur presence at the seminar.
24.I’d be much bliged if yu culd cnfirm yur participatin.
25.I’d appreciate it if yu culd take my advice int cnsideratin.
26.Yur prmpt respnse t my letter wuld be highly appreciated.
27.Nthing can delight me s much as yur participatin in the seminar.
28.Shuld yu take my advice int cnsideratin, I wuld be highly grateful.
29.Dn’t hesitate t turn t yur teacher fr help prvided that yu have any truble.
30.It wuld be highly appreciated if yu culd respnd t me at yur earliest cnvenience.
四、获得报道类应用文佳句必备
【活动报道类书面表达高分秘诀】
1.三段式结构，两头短中间长；
2.首段主题句点题（目的+主题+时间+地点+总评）
3.中段详述活动过程（人物+事件+感受+层次）
4.尾段活动收获和评价（总评+收获+希望）
5.书写工整，美观，控制修改，左右顶格
6.高级词汇+复杂句式（倒装句+感叹句+强调句）
【活动报道类书面表达句式提升】
首段必备：
A 5000-metre crss-cuntry running race, part f sprts meeting in ur schl, was successfully launched by the Students’ Unin last Sunday.
句式总结：活动+同位语(/定语)+ was held by + 主办方 + 时间( + 地点)。
一词多译：
活动目的：Aimed/Targeted at; Aimed/Intended t d; In rder t d; With the aim/purpse/intentin f; Fr the sake f
活动举行：take place, hld, spnsr, launch, rganize
活动主题：themed/entitled/named/called, whse theme was…
小试牛刀：
上周日，我校在报告厅举办了一场书法竞赛活动，活动目的是让更多的中学生了解中国书法文化。
满分答案：
A calligraphy cmpetitin, an activity intended t get mre students t understand the culture f Chinese calligraphy, was rganized by ur schl in the lecture hall last Sunday, which turned ut t be an enrmus success.
中段必备：
150 participants frm 3 grades gt invlved in the race actively.
句式总结：
参赛者+定语+ gt invlved in(参加；参与)+ 活动+ 状语
一词多译：
人员参加：participate in; get invlved in, be engaged in; cmpete in, jin in, take part in, sign up fr
小试牛刀：
50 名对书法天赋极高的学生积极报名参加了这个比赛，为的是通过自己的书法作品来宣传中国文化。
满分答案：
50 students wh have a great talent fr handwriting signed up fr the cmpetitin actively s that they culd prmte Chinese culture thrugh their wrks f calligraphy.
尾段必备：
The race turned ut t be a huge success. Nt nly did it strengthen ur bdy, but it als enriched ur schl life.
句式总结:
活动+ turned ut t be a great success + Nt nly did it d…，but it als did…（nt nly…but als…倒装句式）
一词多译：
结果证明：turned ut t be; ended up ding; It turned ut that…
增长见识：braden ur hrizns; widen ur viewpints
小试牛刀：
此次书法竞赛举办得非常成功。它不仅提升了学生们对书法的鉴赏力,还大大增强了他们的民族自豪感和自信心。
满分答案：
The calligraphy cmpetitin turned ut t be a fabulus success. Nt nly did it prmte students’ appreciatin f calligraphy, but it als greatly enhanced their natinal pride and cnfidence.
【活动报道类书面表达真题再练】
（2023浙江1月卷）上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动的过程；
2. 收获与感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Getting t Knw the Plants Arund Us
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【满分作文一】
Aimed t raise ur awareness abut the significance f plants in ur daily lives, an unfrgettable activity named“ Getting t Knw the Plants Arund Us” held by Students’ Unin was launched last Sunday, which turned ut t be a hit. （首段看门见山点题—活动目的、对象、时间、地点，总评）（非谓语+高级词汇+定语从句）
As scheduled, we were given a presentatin first by a knwledgeable prfessr abut hw t identify varius plants depending n their characteristics. One f the highlights f the event was when we saw the enchanting maple trees, awesme ld pine trees and pleasant carnatins. What impressed us mst was a massive ld pine tree, which served as an ideal shelter fr insects. （中段交代活动的详细过程—突出植物主题和认识）（高级词汇+各种从句）
Overall, the activity was literally a valuable and educatinal experience. Nt nly did we get acquainted with the plants surrunding us, but als we gained deeper insight int hw t preserve them. （尾段点明收获与意义，段首主题句妙）（高级词汇+倒装句式）
【满分作文二】
Last Sunday witnessed an activity themed “Getting t Knw the Plants Arund Us” launched by the Students’ Unin, which gained widespread appreciatin and acceptance. （首段看门见山点题—活动目的+主题+时间+地点+总评）（非谓语+高级词汇+定语从句）
Befre starting ut, we were given a presentatin by a knwledgeable prfessr abut hw t identify varius plants based n their features. After the intrductin, we were divided int several grups t set ut t explre a garden. Then, it was a fun and creative way t have the pprtunity t get hands-n experience by planting seeds and tending t the garden. At the end f the activity, we cllected sme maple leaves as a reminder fr ur magic jurney, the lve f ur breath-taking envirnment and the discvery f the ravishing beauty f nature. （中段交代活动的详细过程—突出认识植物过程和感受，细节生动）（高级词汇+非谓语）
All in all, the activity was spken highly f by the teachers and students alike and turned ut t be a fruitful and rewarding experience. Nt nly did we get clser t nature, but als we gained a greater appreciatin fr the rle that plants play in maintaining the balance f ur ecsystem. （尾段点明收获与意义，段首主题句棒）（高级词汇+倒装句式）
【考前技能篇8】读后续写的解题技巧
一、读后续写15种情景高分句式30例
01--表示“感到……情绪与情感”场景
[句式1]a flush f＋表情绪的名词＝a wave/feeling/sense f...一阵……
[句式2]表情绪的名词＋flded ver sb/swept ver sb/seized sb ……涌上心头
1．A flush f pride swept ver him as he watched his children.
＝He felt a flush f pride as he watched his children.
当他看着自己孩子的时候， 一种强烈的自豪感涌上心头。
2. (2023·新高考卷Ⅰ读后续写) T my surprise, I learned that my essay had ranked first in the cntest. A mix f excitement and dubt washed ver me.
令我吃惊的是，我得知我的作品在比赛中排名第一。兴奋和怀疑涌上心头。
02--表示“直到……才意识到……”场景
[句式1]Nt until＋时间状语＋did sb realize/ntice that...
[句式2]It was nly＋时间状语＋that sb realized that...
1．Nt until then did he realize that smething was wrng.
＝It was nly then that he realized that smething was wrng.
直到那时他才意识到有什么不对劲。
2. (2023·新高考卷Ⅰ读后续写) Eager and delighted, I held up the champinship trphy, and It was nt until then that I realized the jurney f writing was nt nly filled with disbelief and self-dubt but als supprt and self-apprval.
我急切又高兴地举起奖杯。指导那时我才意识到写作的历程不仅充满着不相信和自我怀疑，而且还充满着支持和自我肯定。
03--表示“一……，就……”场景
[句式1]upn/n＋n./ding...“一……就……”，相当于as sn as引导的时间状语从句。
[句式2]immediately/directly/instantly＋从句
[句式3]the mment/minute/instant＋从句
[句式4]n
[句式5]at the sight/thught f…
1. (2023·新高考卷Ⅰ读后续写)Upn hearing this, I culd feel my heart punding wildly and my mind ging uncnsciusly back t the days I racked my brain fr stries.
一听到这些话，我感到心跳加快，大脑不由自主回到那些绞尽脑汁编故事的日子。
2. (2023·新高考卷Ⅰ读后续写)N sner had I stepped int this familiar rm than I saw my teacher sitting amng piles f papers.
我刚一走进这个熟悉的房间就看到历史坐在一堆试卷前。
04--表示“(因为紧张、害怕)心跳”场景
[句式1]sb culd feel ne's heart punding wildly in ne's chest 感到心在胸中怦怦直跳
[句式2]ne's heart thumped/raced/beat wildly/ludly/hard某人心怦怦直跳
1．(2023·新高考卷Ⅰ读后续写)I culd feel my heart punding wildly as I went n stage t cllect the prize.
上台领奖时我感到心怦怦直跳。
2．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ读后续写)Oh dear! The piece f bread in the pan had turned black as well. As the twins lked arund them in disappintment, their father appeared. Their hearts began t thump wildly as they were afraid f being sclded by their father.
天哪！锅里的那块面包也变黑了。当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现了。他们害怕被父亲责骂，心开始怦怦直跳。
05--表示“迫不及待做……；毫不犹豫”场景
[句式1]sb culd hardly wait t d sth
[句式2]withut a secnd thught...不假思索；毫不犹豫地
[句式3]withut even thinking...连考虑都不考虑
[句式4]withut delay...立即；毫不迟延地
[句式5]withut hesitatin...毫不犹豫
1．The water was freezing cld, but withut a secnd thught the yung man jumped in.
水冰冷冰冷，可那个年轻人想也没想就跳了进去。
2. (2023·新高考卷Ⅰ读后续写)My devtin and perseverance really mattered, but withut his encuragement, I culd never be what I was tday.
我的付出和坚持固然重要，但是没有他的鼓励我就不会有今天的成就。
06--表示“流泪”场景
[句式1]One's eyes gt misty./One's eyes misted with tears.泪眼模糊
[句式2]be clse t tears 几乎要哭了
[句式3]tears rll dwn ne's eyes/cheeks/face 泪水从眼睛/脸颊/面部落下
1．With tears f gratitude rlling/streaming dwn his cheeks, Peter hugged Green tightly, saying “Yu've saved me tday. I culdn't thank yu enugh.”
感激的泪水顺着他的脸颊流下，彼得紧紧地拥抱着格林，说：“今天你救了我。我对你感激不尽。”
2．The day he left hspital, he hugged me, his eyes misting with tears, saying，“Yu are a truly gd nurse, thank yu.”
出院那天，他泪眼模糊地拥抱着我说，“你是个真正的好护士，谢谢你。”
07--表示“不知道做……”场景
[句式1]sb did sth, wndering what t d next
[句式2]sb did sth, nt knwing what t d next
[句式3]sb did sth, unsure f what t d next
[句式4]sb was at a lss what t d
1．(2023·浙江1月卷读后续写)Leaving the huse, I culdn’t help wndering hw it was getting n nw.
离开家，我禁不住想现在进展如何呢。
2．Facing the situatin，Ruth felt her heart was punding，and chest pains almst tk her breath away. She started t sb，ttally at a lss what t d.
面对这种情况，露丝感到心跳加速，胸痛几乎让她喘不过气来。她开始哭泣，完全不知该怎么办。
08--表示“某人想到/明白……；有了主意”场景
[句式1]It suddenly ccurred t sb that...
＝It hit/struck sb that...
[句式2](idea, thught...) ccurred/came t sb＝ int ne's mind＝ int ne's mind
[句式3]ne's mind began t race 头脑开始快速转动
1．Suddenly a brilliant idea flashed int his mind.
突然他想到一个好主意。
2．It suddenly ccurred t Mya that the theme this year was suppsed t be “Sweet Labr, Sweet Sixteen”．
Mya突然想到，今年的主题应该是“甜蜜的劳动，甜蜜的十六岁”。
09--表示“因……颤抖”场景
[句式]tremble/shake with fear, panic, excitement, rage...
1．Her lips trembled with rage and big tears rlled dwn her cheeks.
她气得嘴唇发抖，泪珠顺着面颊滚落下来。
2．He lay there fr a lng time, shaking with fear.
他躺在那里很长时间，害怕得发抖。
10--表示 “发出……(声音)”场景
[句式1]There were lud shuts and cheers (frm...) when...从……传来喊叫与欢呼声
[句式2]There was a strm f applause (frm...) when...……响起了雷鸣般的掌声
[句式3]let ut a cry/scream (f hrrr/fear/terrr/shck/surprise/pain...)发出了……叫声
1．The night befre last, just befre dinner, while my father was lking thrugh the evening paper, he suddenly let ut a cry f surprise.
前天晚上，就在晚饭前，我父亲在看晚报时，突然惊讶地喊了一声。
2．While my mind was wandering, ur perfrmance time came. It turned ut a great success, lud shuts and cheers frm the audience filling the theatre.
当我心不在焉的时候，我们的表演时间到了。这场演出取得了巨大成功，观众的欢呼声和喝彩声响彻了整个剧场。
11--表示“转折”场景
[句式1]But bad luck fr sb...
但是某人真不走运
[句式2]T ne's surprise (delight)/Strangely enugh, it turned ut that...
让人惊讶(高兴)/奇怪的是，原来……
[句式3]..., but in vain ……， 但徒劳
[句式4]..., but withut success……，但没有成功
[句式5]But n secnd thughts，...但是转而一想，……
1．But bad luck fr Jack, he tripped and fell t the grund.
Jack真不走运，他绊了一脚，摔在地上。
2．Her friend tried t persuade her t g back hme with him, but in vain.
她朋友想劝她和他一起回家，可只是白费唇舌。
12--表示“心里想”场景
[句式1]An inner vice tld sb that...
内心的声音告诉某人……
[句式2]sb thught/said t neself...心里想……
1．An inner vice tld him that what he had dne was wrng.
心里的声音告诉他，他所做的是错的。
2．She thught t herself，“It seems that the dress desn't lk that bad. Actually, I like all the clthes Mm bught fr me.”
她心想：“这件衣服看起来没那么糟糕。事实上，我喜欢妈妈给我买的所有衣服。”
13--表示“感到欣慰，放下心来”场景
[句式1]． a sigh f with relief 松了一口气
[句式2](A wave f) relief flded ver sb 深感……
[句式3]t ne's relief...使人欣慰的/放心的是……
1．I breathed a sigh f relief as the plane landed safely.
＝A wave f relief flded ver me as the plane landed safely.
＝T my relief, the plane landed safely.
飞机安全着陆，我顿时放下心来。
2．T my relief, I saw ur rental car again. What a blessing t have such an unfrgettable experience!
让我欣慰的是，我又看到了我们租来的车。有这样一次难忘的经历真是太好了！
14--表示“还记得某人的话；还在某人的脑海中”场景
[句式1]sb's wrds rang ut in ne's ears
某人的话在耳边回响
[句式2]One's head was still full int ne's mind脑子里充满……
1．Memries came crwding int her mind.
往事一齐涌上她的心头。
2．My head was still full f strange thughts and wrries.
＝Strange thughts and wrries crwded int my mind.
我的脑子里仍然充满奇怪的想法与忧虑。
15--表示“经历与教训”场景
[句式1]What sb taught me!
[句式2]What sb had!
[句式3]Dwn deep in ne's heart...在某人的内心深处……
[句式4] rted in ne's memry ……植根于某人的记忆中
1．Dwn deep in his heart, he knew he wuld remember what a valuable lessn Mr.Green taught him.
＝The valuable lessn Mr. Green taught him will be rted in his memry frever.
在他的内心深处，他知道他会永远记住格林先生给他上的多么宝贵的一课。
2．They received the surprise gift frm Mangat Madam. What a wnderful experience they had!
他们收到了来自Mangat Madam的惊喜礼物。多么美妙的经历！
二、读后续写情感心理描写20类40例
（一）喜悦
1. He was in high spirits, and felt like being n tp f the wrld.
他情绪高涨，感觉自己好像站在了世界之巅。
2. She laughed, her eyes twinkling with excitement.
她笑了起来，她的眼睛因兴奋而闪闪发光。
（二）同情
1. Franklin std silently, trn by srrw and cmpassin, weighing what t say.
当富兰克林默默地站着，悲伤和同情让他心碎，犹豫着该说些什么。
2. Seeing her cnditin, I immediately felt a huge sympathy fr her. It was cming deep frm within my heart.
看到她的情况，我立即对她产生了极大的同情。这种感觉深深地发自我的心。
（三）感动
1. With tears streaming dwn her face, she thanked him again and again.
她泪流满面，再三感谢她。
2.Tears drpping frm his eyes, he ran t Mum’s warm hug, and said gently " Mum, thank yu."
他热泪盈眶，跑到妈妈温暖的拥抱前，温柔地说："妈妈，谢谢你。"
（四）宽慰
1. She strked her fingers thrugh my hair and said, “Things are ging t be fine."
她用手指抚摸着我的头发说："一切都会好起来的。"
2. He reached ut his hand with his finger frming a " heart ", saying, “I’ll always be there with yu."
他伸出手，用手指捏成"心形"，说："我将永远与你同在"。
（五）鼓励
1.He smiled with satisfactin, patting me n the shulder and said," Well dne!"
他满意地笑了，拍了拍我的肩膀说："做得好！"
2." Yu matter." I said that sentence t myself, feeling a warm glw spreading inside f me."
你很重要。"我对自己说了这句话，感到一股暖意在我体内蔓延。
（六）希望
1.A spark f hpe kindled in their hearts.
他们心中燃起了希望的火花。
2. After all the prblems, we are finally beginning t see sme light at the end f the tunnel.
在经历了这么多困难之后，我们终于看到了曙光。
（七）激动
1.She felt her heart racing and her bld rushing.
她的心跳加速，热血沸腾。
2. A shiver f excitement passed thrugh her stmach when she heard the news.
听到这个消息，她激动得胃里直打颤。
（八）愤怒
1.Her clr went up, a heavy rage came ver her like a dark clud.
她的脸色涨了起来，一股沉重的怒气像一片乌云笼罩着她。
2.He strmed ut f the rm with anger, shutting the dr hard behind him.
他怒气冲冲地冲出了房间，重重地关上了门。
（九）悲伤
1. She shk her head miserably, tears puring dwn her cheeks.
她痛苦地摇了摇头,泪水顺着脸颊流下。
2.She walked t me, with great srrw, the light in her eyes darkened, and said with sadness,“I failed .
"她走到我面前，悲痛万分，眼睛里的光芒暗了下来，悲伤地说："我失败了。"
（十）惊恐
1. Her face turned pale and std there, tngue-tied.
他的脸色变得苍白，站在那里，舌头打结。
2. The sight f the fierce wlf, Mike felt s scared that his thrat tightened and his knees felt weak.
看到那只凶猛的狼，迈克感到非常害怕，喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。
（十一）紧张
1. His heart beat s vilently that he felt like sitting n pins and needles.
如此剧烈，他感到如坐针毡。
2. He was abut t respnd when he felt his tngue tied in and palms sweating.
他正要回答时，感到舌头被绑住了，手掌开始出汗。
（十二）悔疚
1. I std there, with regretful tears in my eyes.
我站在那里，眼里含着遗憾的泪水。
2. Desperate and helpless, Janet knelt dwn with tears f regret streaming dwn her cheeks.
绝望而无助的珍妮特跪了下来，后悔的泪水顺着面颊流了下来。
（十三）困惑
1.His sudden change in md cmpletely cnfused her.
他的情绪突然变化完全把握弄糊涂了。
2.When I std n the stage in frnt f the large audience, my mind went blank.
站在舞台上面对大批观众时，我的头脑一片空白。
（十四）忧虑
1.Wrried abut the jurney, I was unsettled fr the first few days.
由于担心这次旅行，头几天我心神不宁。
2. He was s nervus abut the English test that he lay awake half the night, wrrying.
他对英语考试感到如此紧张，以至于大半夜都睡不着觉，心神不宁。
（十五）震惊
1. He frze, with his muth hanging pen.
他僵住了，张着嘴。
2. I jumped t my feet and stepped back in n time, cmpletely at a lss.
我跳了起来，立刻后退了一步，完全不知所措。
（十六）羞愧
1. S ashamed was she that she culd feel the bld rushed t her face.
我感到非常羞愧，甚至能感觉到鲜血涌到脸上。
2.She felt s ashamed f her flish behavir that she culd feel her face burning.
她为自己的愚蠢行为感到非常羞愧，以至于感到脸红了。
（十七）疲惫
1.Exhausted, I slid int bed and fell fast asleep.
我精疲力竭地躺在床上，很快就睡着了。
2. She felt exhausted and sat by the stream resting her aching feet.
她感到精疲力竭，坐在溪边休息着疼痛的双脚。
（十八）孤独
1.A wave f lneliness washed ver her.
一阵孤独感席卷了她的全身。
2. Cld with n hpe fr warmth, she felt like drwning in a crwd f peple.
她感到又冷又无取暖的希望，感觉就像被人群淹没一样。
（十九）尴尬
1. All the air seemed t disappear and she felt as if the whle wrld was watching her.
所有的空气似乎都消失了，她觉得整个世界都在看着她。
2. He lwered his head, hesitated fr a mment, wndering hw t hide his inner embarrassment.
他低下头，犹豫了一会儿，不知道如何掩饰内心的尴尬。
（二十）绝望
1.Hearing the news, s desperate was he that he drwned sadness in wine.
听到这个消息，他非常绝望，把悲伤淹没在酒中。
2. Desperate and helpless, she knelt dwn, with tears f regret streaming dwn her cheeks.
绝望而无助的她跪了下来，悔恨的泪水顺着面颊流了下来。
三、读后续写十大满分开头仿写20例
仿写句式一：无灵主语开头（没有生命的名词作主语）
【示例】久别重逢让这对夫妻都很开心。
The reunin after lng separatin brught great delight t the cuple.
仿写1：I was just abut t leave when the hummingbird appeared. I nticed a flash f mvement.
翻译：我正要离开这时蜂鸟出现了。一阵儿活动引起了我的注意。
改写：(2023年1月浙江读后续写) I was just abut t leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash f mvement caught my attentin.
仿写2：When the hst annunced that I wn the first prize, I felt very excited.
翻译：当主持人宣布我获得一等奖时，我激动得心砰砰跳。
改写：(2023新高考读后续写)When the hst annunced that I wn the first prize, my heart was thumping/punding with excitement.
仿写句式二：倒装句开头
【示例】只有这样你才能学好英语。
Only in this way can yu learn English well.
仿写1：Jenna was s ashamed that she shed guilty tears with head drping.
翻译：杰娜羞愧得低着头流下了愧疚的泪水。
改写：(2021新高考读后续写) S ashamed was Jenna that she shed guilty tears with head drping.
仿写2：I will never frget the way they lked at me when they were given fd.
翻译：我永远不会忘记他们被给予食物时看我的样子。
改写：(2022年6月浙江读后续写) Never will I frget the way they lked at me when they were given fd.
仿写句式三：对话或独白开头
【示例】“太可怕了，”这个年轻人用颤抖的声音回答道。
“Awfully,” the yung man answered in a trembling vice.
仿写1：The happiest mther in the wrld kept thanking her twins.
翻译：这个世上最幸福妈妈不停地重复着，“谢谢你们，宝贝。”
改写：(2021新高考读后续写) “Thank yu, my hney.” the happiest mther in the wrld kept repeating these wrds.
仿写2： They shuted enthusiastically and cheered fr him.
翻译：他们都热情地叫喊着，“加油！你真棒！为你自豪！”
改写：(2022新高考读后续写) “Cme n! Yu can make it! We are prud f yu!” they shuted enthusiastically.
仿写句式四：介词短语开头
【示例】孩子们高兴地找到了出路。
In delight, children fund their way ut.
仿写1：We were relieved that they smiled plitely back at me when they saw my smile.
翻译：让我们如释重负的是，他们看到我的微笑也礼貌地报之以微笑。
改写：(2022年6月浙江读后续写) T ur relief, they smiled plitely back at me when they saw my smile.
仿写2：It is yur recgnitin and guidance that I wrte the article.
翻译：没有你的认可和指导，我就不会写好这篇文章。
改写：(2023新高考读后续写) Withut yur recgnitin and guidance, I culdn’t have written this article.
仿写句式五：独立主格结构开头
【示例】Her shirt caught n a nail，she culd nt mve.
她的衬衫被钉子钩住了，她动弹不得。
仿写1：Sn Bernard returned with an empty basket and sme cins were in his hand.
翻译：伯纳德很快带着空篮子回来了，手里拿着硬币。
改写：(2020新高考读后续写) Cins in hand, Bernard sn returned with an empty basket.
仿写2：When everything was settled, Father left the kitchen, prmising t keep their secret.
翻译：一切安排妥当，爸爸离开厨房，答应保密。
改写：(2021新高考读后续写) Everything settled, Father left the kitchen, prmising t keep their secret.
仿写句式六：形容词开头
【示例】又累又饿，安妮跪了下来。
Tired and hungry, Anne knelt dwn.
仿写1：Suddenly a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f my hrse. As I was afraid that I might hurt the lvely small creature, I autmatically let ut a cry t stp my hrse.
翻译：突然一只兔子从马匹前跳出来。我害怕我会伤害这个可爱的小生物，我自动发出一声喊叫来阻止我的马。
改写：(2018年浙江读后续写)Suddenly a little rabbit jumped ut in frnt f my hrse. Afraid that I might hurt the lvely small creature, I autmatically let ut a cry t stp my hrse.
仿写2：As she was speechless and happy, Mum held the twins tightly int her arms, with tears welling up in her eyes.
翻译：妈妈说不出话来，高兴极了，把双胞胎紧紧地抱在怀里，眼里噙满了泪水。
改写：(2021新高考读后续写) Speechless and happy, she held the twins tightly int her arms, with tears welling up in her eyes.
仿写句式七：副词开头
【示例】悄悄地，他一句话没说离开了。
翻译：Quietly, he left withut saying a wrd.
仿写1：At nce, the father jined the twins and they started all ver again.
翻译：爸爸立马加入双胞胎和他们一起开始张罗着。
改写：(2021新高考读后续写)Immediately, the father jined the twins and they started all ver again.
仿写2：I prudly tk ut my wn mney and handed it t Dad.
翻译：我自豪地拿出自己的钱递给爸爸。
改写：(2021浙江读后续写) Prudly I tk ut my wn mney and handed it t Dad.
仿写句式八：现在分词开头
【示例】好奇地四处闲逛后，吉米溜进了厨房。
翻译：Wandering arund with curisity, Jim slipped int the kitchen.
仿写1：(2021新高考读后续写)After lking at the well prepared breakfast, the three exchanged an understanding smile.
翻译：看着备好的早餐，三人会意地笑了。
改写：(2021新高考读后续写)Lking at the well prepared breakfast, the three exchanged an understanding smile.
仿写2：(2023新高考读后续写) He held my hands and said “Cngratulatins! Yu are a gd writer, s keep writing.”
翻译：他握着我的手说，“祝贺呀！你是好作家，继续写下去！”
改写：(2023新高考读后续写) Hlding my hands, he said “Cngratulatins! Yu are a gd writer, s keep writing.”
仿写句式九：过去分词开头
【示例】问他发生了什么事情，他低下了头。。
翻译：When he was asked what had happened, he lwered his head.
仿写1：Father was astnished and was rted n the flr, staring at the scene with eyebrw frwning.
翻译：爸爸很吃惊，愣在地上，皱着眉头注视着现场。
改写：(2021新高考读后续写)Astnished, Father was rted n the flr, staring at the scene with eyebrw frwning.
仿写2：After he was encuraged by my wrds, David lked at me with shining eyes, with his big tthy smile n his lvely face.
翻译：受我的鼓励，戴维闪亮的眼睛看着我，可爱的脸上挂着大大的笑容。
改写：(2022新高考读后续写) Encuraged by my wrds, David lked at me with shining eyes, with his big tthy smile n his lvely face.
仿写句式十：强调句型开头
【示例】T get there n time, we hurriedly departed frm hme.
翻译：为了准时到达那里，我们匆忙从家里出发。
仿写1：I was verwhelmed with gratitude t my teacher at that mment.
翻译：就在那一刻，我对老师感激不尽。
改写：(2023新高考读后续写)It was at that mment that I was verwhelmed with gratitude t my teacher.
仿写2：His brave heart and strng faith that culd make smething unusual happen finally.
翻译：正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念，才使一些不同寻常的事情最终发生。
改写：(2022新高考读后续写)It was his brave heart and strng faith that culd make smething unusual happen finally.
知识梳理篇
【知识梳理1】2014-2023高考已考过的词形转换79例
Grup1 形容词→副词
1. rare罕有的，很少的→______罕有，很少(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
2. basic基本的→____________基本上，大体上(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
3. riginal起初的，原先的→____________起初，原来(2023·浙江1月)
4. eventual最后的→__________最后(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
5. accidental偶然的→__________偶然地(2022·新课标Ⅱ)
6. rugh粗略的→____________大约(2022·浙江1月)
7. undubted无疑的→________毋庸置疑地(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
8. sharp急剧的→____________急剧地(2021·浙江1月)
9. extreme极度的→__________极端地；极度地(2020·全国Ⅰ)
10. certain确定的→__________当然(2020·全国Ⅱ)
11. gentle平缓的→____________平缓地(2020·全国Ⅲ)
12. particular特别的→________尤其(2020·浙江1月)
13. pr不佳的→____________糟糕地(2019·全国Ⅰ)
14. final最终的→____________终于，最终(2019·全国Ⅱ)
15. huge巨大的→____________极其(2019·全国Ⅲ)
16. easy容易的→____________容易地(2019·浙江)
17. actual真实的→____________事实上(2018·全国Ⅱ)
18. recent近来的→____________近来(2018·浙江11月)
19. fair相当的→____________相当地(2017·全国Ⅱ)
20. real真正的→____________真实地(2017·浙江11月)
21. fficial正式的→__________正式地(2016·全国Ⅰ)
22. pssible可能的→__________可能地(2013·广东)
【参考答案】
1.rarely 2.basically 3. riginally 4.eventually 5. accidentally 6.rughly 7. undubtedly 8.sharply 9. extremely 10.certainly 11. gently 12.particularly 13. prly 14.finally 15.hugely 16. easily 17.actually 18. recently 19.fairly 20.really 21. fficially 22.pssibly
Grup2 名词→形容词
1. difference差异，不同→______不同的(2023·全国甲)
2. taste味道，滋味→__________美味的(2023·新课标Ⅰ)
3. cnfidence自信，信心→______自信的(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
4. space空间，空地→__________宽敞的(2023·浙江1月)
5. meaning意义→____________有意义的(2022·全国甲)
6. day一天→____________每天的(2021·全国甲)
7. finance财政，金融→________财政的，金融的(2021·全国乙)
8. beauty美丽→____________美丽的(2020·全国Ⅱ)
9. wealth财富→____________富有的(2020·新课标Ⅰ)
10. luck运气→____________幸运的(2020·北京)
11. wnder惊奇→____________精彩的(2019·全国Ⅱ)
12. traditin传统→____________传统的(2019·全国Ⅲ/浙江)
13. energy精力，能量→________精力充沛的(2018·全国Ⅰ)
14. glbe地球→____________全球的(2018·全国Ⅱ)
15. effect效应→____________有效的(2017·浙江11月)
16. nature自然→____________自然的(2015·全国Ⅱ)
17. sunburn晒伤→____________晒黑的(2014·广东)
18. patience耐心→____________有耐心的(2014·全国Ⅰ)
19. reasn理由→____________合理的(2013·广东)
【参考答案】
1.different 2.tasty 3. cnfident 4.spacius 5. meaningful 6.daily 7.financial 8.beautiful 9.wealthy 10.lucky 11.wnderful 12.traditinal 13.energetic 14.glbal 15. effective 16.natural 17. sunburnt 18.patient 19. reasnable
Grup3 动词→名词
1. warn提醒，警告，告诫→______警示，提醒，告诫(2023·全国甲)
2. arrive到达，抵达→__________到达，抵达(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
3. prtect保护→____________保护(2022·全国甲)
4. invite邀请→____________邀请(2022·浙江1月)
5. develp发展→____________发展(2021·全国乙)
6. celebrate庆祝→____________庆典；庆祝(2020·全国Ⅱ)
7. believe相信→____________信心，信任(2019·全国Ⅰ)
8. cmpete参加比赛→________比赛(2019·全国Ⅲ)
9. cnnect与……有联系→ 关系；连接(2019·浙江)
10. pllute污染→____________污染(2018·全国Ⅱ)
11. weigh有……重→__________重量(2018·浙江)
12. intrduce引进；介绍→______采用；介绍(2017·全国Ⅱ)
13. educate教育→____________教育(2017·全国Ⅲ)
14. attract吸引→____________有吸引力的人或事物(2016·全国Ⅰ)
15. achieve完成→____________成就(2016·全国Ⅱ)
16. perfrm表演→____________表现(2016·浙江10月)
17. chse选择→____________选择(2009·广东)
【参考答案】
1.warning 2.arrival 3. prtectin 4.invitatin 5. develpment 6.celebratin 7.belief 8.cmpetitin 9.cnnectin 10.pllutin 11.weight 12. intrductin 13.educatin 14.attractin 15.achievement 16.perfrmance 17.chice
Grup4 动词→形容词
1. remark谈论，说起；注意到→____________引人注目的，非凡的(2023·全国乙)
2. visit参观，游览→__________来访的(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
3. sleep睡觉→____________睡着的(2022·新课标Ⅱ)
4. educate教育→____________受过良好教育的(2021·全国乙)
5. astnish使惊讶→__________感到惊讶的(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
6. ache疼痛→____________疼痛的(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
7. affrd买得起→____________支付得起的(2018·浙江)
8. shine发光，照耀→__________有光泽的(2017·浙江)
9. care关心→____________关心他人的(2016·四川)
10. surprise使惊奇→__________感到惊奇的(2016·浙江10月)
11. amaze使惊奇→____________令人大为惊奇的(2014·全国Ⅰ)
12. disappint使失望→________感到失望的(2014·全国Ⅱ)
13. please使高兴→____________感到高兴的(2012·广东)
【参考答案】
1.remarkable 2.visiting 3. asleep 4.educated 5.astnished 6.aching 7.affrdable 8.shiny/shining 9.caring 10. surprised 11.amazing 12. disappinted 13.pleased
Grup5 形容词→名词
1. respnsible负责的→________责任(2022·全国乙)
2. interesting有趣的→________吸引力，趣味；兴趣(2020·全国Ⅰ)
3. curius好奇的→____________好奇心(2020·全国Ⅲ)
4. accurate精确的→__________准确(性)(2020·新课标Ⅰ)
5. able有能力的→____________能力(2015·全国Ⅱ)
【参考答案】
1.respnsibility 2.interest 3.curisity 4.accuracy 5. ability
Grup6 其他
1. strength力气→____________加强(2018·全国Ⅰ)
2. science科学→____________科学家(2018·全国Ⅲ)
3. surprise使惊奇→__________惊人地(2014·广东)
【参考答案】
1.strengthen 2.scientist 3. surprisingly
【知识梳理2】2024年高考可能考的名词词形转换109例
关键词
人际关系
dear, darling, sweetheart, my lve, ck, TV, dinner
husband and wife
size, clr, try n, discunt, Can I help yu?
assistant and custmer
truble, check, pain, fever, prescriptin, dentist
dctr and patient
prfessr, subject, hmewrk, questins, majr(专业), hand in,
teacher and student
背景知识
✱It depends. 视情况而定
背景知识
✱mind 照看；留心（某人/某事物）
✱cnvenience stre 便利店
背景知识
✱reschedule 重新安排
背景知识
✱make a mistake (in) ding sth. 在做某事时犯错误
✱add up the bill 算账
背景知识
✱in persn 亲自
✱give sb. a call 给某人打电话
背景知识
✱call n 拜访；看望
✱be dne with sth. 完成某事
✱a hundred percent 完全；百分之百
背景知识
✱drp by 偶然访问（某人或某地）；顺便访问
✱yard sale 庭院拍卖
✱petry cllectin 诗集
✱leaf thrugh 迅速翻阅
✱secnd-hand 二手的
背景知识
✱meet deadlines 在规定的时间内完成任务或达到目标
✱weightlifting 举重
✱fit int 适应
✱get alng with 与……和睦相处
✱bnd 增强（与某人的）信任关系
✱fruitful 硕果累累的；成功的
背景知识
✱The Ildler《闲人》
✱intentin 目的
✱bimnthly 两月一次；一月两次
✱issue （杂志或报刊的）期
✱mix （事物或人的）混合；结合
✱read 读物；使人感兴趣的书
✱subscribe t 订阅
语篇
2020年
2021年
2022年
2023年
Text 1
购物体验
问路
搭便车下车
问路指引
Text 2
音乐练习
商场购物
通宵赶项目
天气和季节
Text 3
组织聚会
办公室对话
寻找安静谈话地点
周末计划
Text 4
度假计划
旅行的选择
糟心的邻居家的狗
询问某人的近况
Text 5
驱车机场
判断位置
饭店订桌
谈论学生会和社团活动
Text 6
抱歉电话
观看比赛
晚上聚餐安排
对比、挑选公寓
Text 7
离职计划
医生建议
公司搬迁计划
电台采访
Text 8
赛后采访
安慰朋友
艺术家采访
求职面试
Text 9
新租公寓
美国老人的恐惧
平衡打工与学习
作家分享自己读书历程
Text 10
英式足球
母女关系
一个运动员的经历自述
音乐比赛与艺术追求
背景知识
register ffice: 登记处
背景知识
call fr: 需要
背景知识
start with:从……开始
barbecue: n.(户外)烧烤
背景知识
an art reprter:一名艺术记者
背景知识
the student unin: 学生会
背景知识
agent n.(房产)中介
背景知识
vlunteer medical service:自愿参加医疗服务
g(tw weeks)withut:(两周)没有……也行
背景知识
sell yurself:介绍自己;推销自己
wrk frm hme:居家办公
背景知识
Hw is life treating yu? 生活待你如何?
a bkish child:书呆子
a big reader:好读书的人
背景知识
pen Tchaikvsky cmpetitin:柴可夫斯基公开赛
Chelyabinsk( 俄罗斯)车里雅宾斯克，位于乌拉尔南坡及外乌拉尔。
同义替换
(1)替换关键词。把原文的关键词进行同义替换，如把lse ne’s jb换成了be ut f wrk
(2)改变词性。把原文中的一些词变换了一下词性，如把imprtant变换成f imprtance
(3)改变语态。把原文主动语态转为被动语态，如restred the bridge变换成the bridge was restred
信息归纳
用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息
正话反说
把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项
原文原词
用原文原词作为正确选项
张冠李戴
是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容
无中生有
符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意
与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动
颠倒是非
在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反
正误参半
部分正确，部分错误
Hand Brake, Three Gears
Ft Brake, N Gears
1 hur
7.50
5.00
3 hurs
11.00
7.50
1 day (24 hurs)
14.75
9.75
Each additinal day
8.00
6.00
同义替换
对原文句子中的关键词进行替换，成为正确选项
正话反说
把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
语言简化
把原文中复杂的语言现象进行简化，设置为答案。
语态变化
改变原文重点词性或语态，给考生制造了某些障碍。
张冠李戴
为原文内容，但与题目文不对题，不符合题目要求。
偷梁换柱
在意思上与原文非常相似但在某个细节上有变动。
正误参半
选项内容部分正确，部分错误。
颠倒是非
与原文意思大相径庭或完全相反。
无中生有
符合常识但与原文不符或原文并未提及。
扩缩范围
以偏概全如：almst, all, nearly, never, cmpletely 等绝对词与文章意义不符。
概括性
涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段
覆盖性
确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小
精确性
精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩
模糊性
不出现细节信息，不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词
主题扩大
所给选项内容概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容
无中生有
符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意
与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动
颠倒是非
在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反
偷换概念
所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于A的内容放在B上
句子结构分析法
1.分析句子结构知此句为简单句，在主语后面要填动词，而且只有这一个动词，则该空格应填谓语动词。
2.分析句子结构知此句为并列句，可知并列词前后两个句子都要有自己的谓语动词。
3.分析句子结构知此句为复合句，可知主从句都要有自己的谓语动词。
注意
1.根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态；
2.根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态；
3.根据主语确定谓语动词的数，做到主谓一致。
典例展示
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)The GPNP 60 (design) t reflect the guiding principle f“prtecting the authenticity and integrity
(完整性) f natural ecsystems，preserving bilgical diversity，prtecting eclgical buffer znes,61.and leaving behind precius natural assets(资产) fr future generatins”.
分析句子结构可知，此句虽长，却是一个简单句。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态；主语是单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。
解题思路
技法点拨
1.慧眼识别标志词
认清常考时态的标志性时间状语
(1)看到ften，usually，always，smetimes等时间状语，要想到用一般现在时。
(2)看到yesterday，last year，in 2022，the ther day一段时间＋later等时间状语，要想到用一般过去时。
(3)看到tmrrw，next year，in the future，sn等时间状语，要想到用一般将来时。
(4)看到at this mment，at present，nw等时间状语，要想到用现在进行时。
(5)看到since，recently，lately，already，in the last/past few years，s far/up t nw，fr＋时间段，ever since...等时间状语，要想到用现在完成时。
(6)看到by then，by the end f...等时间状语，要想到用过去完成时。
2.瞻前顾后找并列
(1)可根据并列连词and，but，r，rather than，，nt als...等前后的谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态。
(2)同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要一致。
3.通过“常用句式”法
掌握常用句式也是解决时态问题快速且行之有效的方式，因此平时要积累并熟记一些常用句式。如：
(1)was/were ding sth. when sb. did...
(2)had (just) dne sth. when＋一般过去时
(3)This/It/That is the that sb. have/has dne...
(4)This/It/That was the that sb. had dne...
(5)祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句，陈述句用一般将来时
(6)It’s (high) time d sth.
4.通过“语境暗示”法
分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，而没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境即通过题干中的语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题的一种行之有效的方法。
解题思路
技法点拨
1.依据逻辑关系，辨析主动或被动
(1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是被动关系则考虑用被动语态。
(2)被动语态的基本形式为：be＋过去分词。
(3)运用上面的技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态，再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。
2.牢记主动表被动含义的句式结构
(1)当feel，lk，smell，taste，sund等后面接形容词时；
(2)当cut，read，sell，wear，write，wash等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时；
(3)当break ut，take place，shut ff，turn ff，wrk ut等动词短语表示“发生，关闭，制定”等意思时。
解题原则
技法点拨
1.语法一致原则
(1)动名词、动词不定式、从句、不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
(2)主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with，tgether with，as well as，like，but，except，alng with，rather than，including，in additin t等，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
(3)and，连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现时，谓语动词用单数形式。
(4)定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词的数要与先行词保持一致。
(5)“many a/mre than ne＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each，every，n所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
2.就近一致原则
(1)由r，，，nt (als)...，等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数通常与最近的主语保持一致。
(2)由there，here引起的句子中主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最近的主语保持一致。
3.意义一致原则
(1)集体名词作主语时，若被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若被看作是构成集体的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有：family，class，team，grup等。
(2)“the＋形容词”表示一类人在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
(3)由分数、百分数或者sme，a part f等修饰时，要根据所修饰的名词确定谓语动词的单复数。
考查方向
解题思路
非谓语动词
作主语
1.分析句子结构，找到句子的谓语部分，其前设空可能是缺少主语。如果是不具体的抽象的动作一般用-ing形式作主语；如果是具体的动作一般用不定式作主语。
2.掌握一些it充当形式主语，动词-ing形式/不定式作真正主语的句型。
非谓语动词作表语
1.现在分词作表语，意为“令人感到……的”。
2.动名词作表语，表示对主语内容的进一步说明和解释。
3.过去分词作表语，意为“本身感到……的”。
4.不定式作表语，表将来或目的。
考查方向
解题思路
作介词的宾语
1.介词和带介词的固定搭配后一定跟动名词作宾语。
2.带介词t的短语后也跟动名词作宾语, 如lk frward t, get dwn t。
3.介词but/except后接不定式作宾语，且前面有实义动词d时，不定式省略t。
常见后缀
例词
-ment
develpment，achievement，argument，mvement，amazement 等
-in/-atin
relatin，addictin，intentin，determinatin，transprtatin，cmmunicatin等
-ing
meeting，greeting，drawing，painting，parking，writing 等
-er/-r/-ar
waiter，farmer，wrker，teacher，reprter，sailr，survivr，liar，beggar等
-ance/-ence
assistance，imprtance，perfrmance，existence，acceptance等
-al
survival，arrival，apprval，refusal，prpsal 等
考查方向
解题思路
名词变复数
1.有数词或者these，thse，several，many，all，bth，varius，a number f 等词修饰时，名词用复数形式。
2.前有“ne f”修饰时，名词用复数形式。
3.若谓语动词是复数形式，则作主语的名词用复数形式。
名词所有格
提示词与后面的名词为所属关系，应考虑名词所有格。单数名词或不以s 结尾的复数名词，在词尾加’s；以s结尾的单数或者复数名词，在词尾加’。
名词变形容词
提示词为名词，如果作定语修饰后面的名词或前面有比较级修饰，则一般考查名词变形容词。一般在名词词尾加后缀-able；-al；-ful；-en；-y；-less；-ly；
-us等构成形容词，如：terrible，natinal，useful，wden，healthy，careless，mnthly，dangerus等。
名词变动词
提示词为名词，如果作谓语或非谓语，则一般考查名词变动词。在名词词尾加后缀-en；-ize或前缀en-等构成动词，如：strengthen，aplgize，encurage，endanger等。
考查方向
解题思路
人称代词
1.提示词为代词，当句子缺少主语时，应考虑人称代词主格(I，we，yu，he，she，it，they等)形式。
2.提示词为代词，当句子缺少宾语或表语时应考虑人称代词宾格(me，us，yu，him，her，it，them等)形式。
物主代词
1.提示词为代词，当句子缺少定语时，应考虑形容词性物主代词(my，ur，yur，his，her，its，their等)形式。
2.提示词为代词，当句子缺少主语或宾语，且表示拥有者时，应考虑名词性物主代词(mine，yurs，his，hers，its，urs，theirs等)形式。
反身代词
提示词为代词，当该词作动词或介词的宾语或表语，且和主语是同一人时，应考虑反身代词(myself，yurself，himself，herself，itself，urselves，yurselves，themselves等)形式。
考查方向
解题思路
形容词变副词、名词
1.若空格处的词修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，应考虑副词形式。
2.若空格处在动词前作主语或介词或形容词后作宾语，应考虑名词形式。
形容词、副词变反义词
根据句意和前后逻辑关系，确定句意表否定时，可以添加否定前缀(il-，un-，im-，dis-等)或否定后缀(-less等)变为反义词。
形容词、副词变比较级
1.空前有much，far，still，even，rather，a little，a bit，a lt，a great deal，than等标志性词时应考虑用比较级。
2.句型“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。
3.句型“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。
4.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。
5.句中如果没有标志词，但暗含比较级的意思，也需要用比较级。
形容词、副词变最高级
1.设空后有表示范围的标志词in，f，amng等时，用最高级。
2.设空前有ne f the，the＋序数词等修饰词时，用最高级。
3.句中如果没有标志词，但暗含最高级的意思，也需要用最高级。
考查方向
解题思路
并列连词
分析关系
1.表示并列或递进关系的有：and，，nt (als)...等。
2.表 示 选 择 关 系 的 有：r，，等。
3.表示转折或对比关系的有：but，while等。
4.表示因果关系的有：s，fr等。
并列连词
固定句型
1.“祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句”
2.be
3.be abut t
4.be n the pint f
5.had just
考查方向
解题思路
关系代词
1.先行词指人且所填关系词在从句中作主语时，可以用关系词that或wh。
2.先行词指人且所填关系词在从句中作宾语时，可以用关系词that或whm或wh，也可以不填。
3.先行词指物且所填关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，可以用关系词that或which。
4.先行词指人或物且所填关系词在从句中作定语时，可以用关系词whse。
5.在非限制性定语从句中不能用关系词that。
6.在非限制性定语从句中，如果先行词是前面的整个句子或句子的一部分时，可以用关系词as或which。as译为“正如”；which译为“这一点，这件事”，表明事物的状态或结果。
关系副词
先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词且所填关系词在从句中作状语时，可以用关系词when，where或why。
注意：先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词且所填关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，可以用关系词that或which。
介词＋关系词
1.关系词依据先行词来确定，如果先行词指人，用whm；如果先行词指物，用which；如果先行词指人或物，且关系词在从句中作定语，则用whse。
2.介词根据以下原则来确定：(1)与先行词的搭配；(2)与从句谓语的搭配。
考查方向
解题思路
从属连词that和whether/if
分析句子结构，若待填的连接词不作任何成分也没有任何意思，只起连接作用，要考虑连接词that；若表示“是否”的意思，要考虑连接词whether；if可以用于引导宾语从句。
连接代词
分析句子结构，若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语，要用连接代词what，wh，whm，which，whse，whatever等。
连接副词
分析句子结构，若从句缺少状语，要用连接副词where (表地点)，when (表时间)，hw (表方式或程度)，why (表原因)等。
形式主语和形式宾语it
在名词性从句中it作形式主语或形式宾语。其用法在前面代词讲解时已经提到。
考查方向
解题思路
状语从句的连接词
根据句意确定是什么状语从句从而确定连接词，常见的状语从句的连接词有：
1.时间状语从句while/when/as/since/befre/after/until
2.条件状语从句if/unless/nce
3.让步状语从句thugh/althugh/while/as
4.地点状语从句where
5.原因状语从句because/since/as
状语从句的连接词
根据固定句型来确定状语从句的连接词，常见的固定句型有：

It will/wn’t be＋...＋befre... It was＋...＋befre...
It is sme time＋since... nt...
n
考查方向
解题思路
不定冠词a/an
1.在文中第一次提到可数名词单数时，一般为泛指，用不定冠词a/an。
2.在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”时，用不定冠词a/an。
3.a一般用于发音以辅音音素开头的名词前，an一般用于发音以元音音素开头的名词前(注意：并不是指辅音字母或者元音字母开头的单词)。
定冠词the
1.第二次及以后提到时表特指，用定冠词the。
2.当名词后有定语修饰时，多数情况用定冠词the。
3.用在序数词或最高级前或有nly，very，same等修饰的名词前。
4.用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。
5.用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇俩”。
6.用于世界上独一无二的事物前。
7.用于被演奏的西洋乐器前。
固定搭配
2.与定冠词the连用的常用短语：
n the ther hand by the way take the place f...
in the frnt f... all ver the wrld at the end f
the same (...) as by the end f... in the beginning
at the same time at the beginning f... at the mment
考查方向
解题思路
代词的指代用法
1.如果空格前出现了单数名词，并且空格处作主语或宾语，可根据指代的情况用he，she，it或者him，her，it。
2.如果空格前出现了复数名词，并且空处作主语或宾语，可根据指代的情况用they或them。
3.如果前面出现了单数名词或者不可数名词，后面再次提到而且是特指，用that。
4.如果前面出现了复数名词，后面再次提到而且是特指，用thse。
5.如果前面出现了单数名词，后面再次提到而且是泛指同名不同物的东西用ne。
it的用法
1.指代天气、时间、距离等。
2.用作形式主语或形式宾语。
3.it用在一些固定句型和固定用法中。
考查方向
解题思路
时间名词前的介词
年月周前要用in，日子前面却要禁。遇到几号要用n，上午下午又是in。
要说某日上下午，用n换in才能行。午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。
at也用在时分前。
表示地点和方式的介词
在……里，用in；在……上，用n；穿过……，用thrugh/acrss；通过……方式，用by；借助……工具，用with等。
“介词＋n.”搭配
by accident，in truble，in spite f，in hnur f，in search f，in vain，in turn，in return，at risk，n bard，n average等。
“vi.＋介词”搭配
remind sb. f sth. ，rb sb. f sth. ，g back t/date frm，，run ut f，accunt fr，agree with 等。
“adj.＋介词”搭配
be knwn as，be curius abut，be prud f，be rich in，be devted t，be fnd f 等。
年份
卷别
体裁
类别
主题
段首
段中
段尾
选项特指
字数
2023
新高考I卷
说明文
人与自我
学会自我原谅的办法
0
4
1
完整句
247+82
新高考II卷
说明文
人与社会
开启艺术之旅的建议
1
3
1
完整句
261+63
2022
新高考I卷
说明文
人与社会
如何找到健身伙伴
0
4
1
完整句
257+76
新高考II卷
说明文
人与社会
写文章好修改技巧
1
4
0
完整句
237+74
2021
新高考I卷
记叙文
人与社会
巴黎一周生活经历
1
4
0
完整句
270+83
新高考II卷
说明文
人与社会
提高阅读速度建议
1
2
2
完整句
250+75
2020
新高考I卷
记叙文
人与社会
公开演讲的一些原则
1
3
1
完整句
235+73
1. accept
2. abundant
3. accurate
4. acquaint
5. acquire
6. admit
7. allw
8. analyze
9. anxius
10. appear
11. apprve
12. allw
13. argue
14. assist
15. base
16. beg
17. believe
18. brave
19. bre
20. chse
21. cmpare
22. cmpete
23. cmplain
24. cnsume
25. cnclude
26. cnsequent
27. cruel
28. curius
29. detect
30. deep
31. depart
32. depend
33. describe
34. destry
35. disturb
36. diverse
37. efficient
38. emergent
39. enter
40. enthusiastic
41. equal
42. except
43. expect
44. exist
45. expand
46. explain
47. explde
48. fly
49. fluent
50. fund
51. frequent
52. friendly
53. generus
54. grw
55. high
56. hnest
57. ignre
58. imprve
59. injure
60. inspire
61. intend
62. interpret
63. intrduce
64. invite
65. just
66. laugh
67. lie
68. lng
69. majr
70. mix
71. mdest
72. necessary
73. ccupy
74. participate
75. permit
76. persnal
77. pr
78. ppular
79. prefer
80. private
81. prnunce
82. prpse
83. publish
84. pursue
85. qualify
86. remve
87. recgnize
88. refuse
89. relax
90. relieve
91. remind
92. represent
93. resist
94. respnd
95. secure
96. shrt
97. shy
98. similar
99. slve
100. starve
101. strng
102. suspect
103. survive
104. tend
105. vary
106. wide
107. wise
108. withdraw
109. yung
【参考答案】
1. acceptance 2. abundance 3. accuracy 4. acquaintance 5. acquisitin
6. admissin 7. allwance 8. analysis 9. anxiety 10. appearance
11. apprval 12. allwance 13. argument 14. assistant,assistance 15. basis
16. beggar 17. belief 18. bravery 19. bredm 20. chice
21. cmparisn 22. cmpetitr, cmpetitin 23. cmplaint 24. cnsumptin cnsumer 25. cnclusin
26. cnsequence 27. cruelty 28. curisity 29. detective 30. depth
31. departure 32. dependence, independence 33. descriptin 34. destructin 35. disturbance
36. diversity 37. efficiency 38. emergency 39. entrance, entry 40. enthusiasm
41. equality 42. exceptin 43. expectatin 44. existence 45. expansin
46. explanatin 47. explsin 48. flight 49. fluency 50. funder, fundatin
51. frequency 52. friendliness 53. genersity 54. grwth 55. height
56. hnesty 57. ignrance 58. imprvement 59. injury 60. inspiratin
61. intentin 62. interpretatin/interpreter 63. intrductin 64. invitatin 65. justice
66. laughter 67. liar, lie 68. length 69. majr; majrity 70. mixture
71. mdesty 72. necessity 73. ccupatin 74. participant, participatin 75. permit;permissin
76. persnality 77. pverty 78. ppularity 79. preference 80. privacy
81. prnunciatin 82. prpsal 83. publicatin 84. pursuit 85. qualificatin
86. remval 87. recgnitin 88. refusal 89. relaxatin 90. relief
91. reminder 92. representative 93. resistance 94. respnse 95. security
96. shrtage 97. shyness 98. similarity 99. slutin 100. starvatin
101. strength 102. suspect, suspicin 103. survivr, survival 104. tendency 105. variety
106. width 107. wisdm 108. withdrawal 109. yuth
【知识梳理3】2024年高考可能考的形容词词形转换70例
1. academy
2. access
3. accident
4. achieve
5. admire
6. affrd
7. affectin
8. ambitin
9. athlete
10. aplgy
11. appeal
12. authrity
13. benefit
14. cautin
15. change
16. character
17. cmpete
18. cmpetence
19. cntradict
20. cntrversy
21. cst
22. curage
23. create
24. endanger
25. delight
26. distinguish
27. energy
28. event
29. face
30. faith
31. favr
32. finance
33. fg
34. frget
35. grammar
36. greed
37. harmny
38. influence
39. ignrance
40. industry
41. intrductin
42. intentin
43. instruct
44. muntain
45. mystery
46. mud
47. nise
48. rigin
49. prgress
50. prmise
51. passin
52. race
53. regin
54. rely
55. religin
56. regret
57. repeat
58. respect
59. smell
60. space
61. speech
62. spirit
63. strm
64. stress
65. thery
66. tlerance
67. thught
68. universe
69. vlunteer
70. wd
【参考答案】
1. academic 2. accessible 3. accidental 4. achievable 5. admirable
6. affrdable 7. affectinate 8. ambitius 9. athletic 10. aplgetic
11. appealing 12. authritive 13. beneficial 14. cautius 15. changeable
16. characteristic 17. cmpetitive 18. cmpetent 19. cntradictry 20. cntrversial
21. cstly 22. curageus 23. creative 24. endangered 25. delighted/delightful
26. distinguished 27. energetic 28. eventful 29. facial 30. faithful
31. favrite/favrable 32. financial 33. fggy 34. frgetful/unfrgettable 35. grammatical
36. greedy 37. harmnius 38. influential 39. ignrant 40. industrial
41. intrductry 42. intentinal 43. instructive 44. muntainus 45. mysterius
46. muddy 47. nisy 48. riginal 49. prgressive 50. prmising
51. passinate 52. racial 53. reginal 54. reliable 55. religius
56. regretful 57. repeated 58. respective/respectable/respectful 59. smelly 60. spacius
61. speechless 62. spiritual 63. strmy 64. stressed/stressful 65. theretical
66. tlerant 67. thughtful 68. universal 69. vluntary 70. wden
【知识梳理4】2024年高考可能考的阅读高频词120例
1 abnrmal 反常的, 异常的; 变态的
2 absrb 吸收
3 academic 学校的, 学院的;学术性的
4 accessible 容易取得的, 容易达到的
5 accmmdatin 住处(尤指短期使用的)
6 accunt 账户;描述, 报道;解释; 说明
7 accurate 精确的, 准确的
8 acknwledge 承认, 供认
9 acquire 获得, 得到, 养成
10 adaptable 可适应的, 可改编的
11 additinal 增加的, 额外的, 另外的
12 adjust (改变…以)适应; 调整; 校正
13 admiratin 钦佩; 赞赏
14 agency 经销处, 代理行;部, 处
15 aggressive 好争斗的, 挑衅的, 侵略性的
16 allwance 津贴, 补助, 零用钱
17 alter 改变, 更改
18 alternative 两者择一的, 供替代的
19 amateur 业余的, 非职业的
20 ambitin 抱负, 雄心, 野心
21 analysis 分析
22 analyze 分析, 分解, 解释
23 ancestr 祖先, 祖宗
24 anny 打扰, 干扰
25 annual 每年的, 年度的, 一年一次的
26 apparently 显然地
27 applicatin 申请, 申请表, 申请书
28 appintment 约会, 约定;任命, 委派
29 apprval 赞成, 同意
30 architect 建筑师, 设计师
31 aruse 唤醒;引起, 激发
32 as a cnsequence 因而,结果
33 aspect 方面;面貌, 模样, 神态
34 assess 估价, 估计;评定，核定
35 asset 资产，财产，有价值的人或物
36 assistance 帮助, 援助
37 assciate (使)联合; 结交, 结伙
38 astrnaut 宇航员, 太空人
39 at a lss 不知所措
40 audience 观众, 听众; 读者
41 authrity 权力, 职权；官方, 当局；权威
42 available 可用的或可得到的
43 ban 取缔, 查封, 禁止；禁止, 禁令
44 barrier 栅栏,障碍, 隔阂
45 blck 街区, 街段；大块；障碍(物)
46 breed 生育; 繁殖；饲养, 培养
47 budget 预算; 政府预算案
48 by design 故意地; 蓄意地
49 calculate 计算, 估计
50 calrie 卡路里, 卡(热量单位)
51 campaign 运动；战役
52 cautius 小心的, 谨慎的
53 channel 海峡；通道; 水沟, 水渠
54 characteristics 特有的, 典型的
55 charity 慈爱, 仁慈; 救济金
56 chase 追捕, 追逐
57 circulate (使)循环, (使)流通
58 circumstance 环境, 条件, 情况
59 civilizatin 文明, 文化
60 clue 线索, 提示
61 clumn 栏, 专栏(文章)
62 cmbinatin 联合体, 组合物
63 cmment 评论, 意见, 解释, 批评
64 cmmercial 商业的, 商务的
65 cmmunity 社区, 社会, 团体；大众, 公众
66 cmplaint 抱怨, 诉苦；投诉, 控告
67 cmplicated 结构复杂的
68 cmpser (尤指古典音乐)作曲家
69 cncentratin 专心, 专注
70 cncept 概念; 观念; 想法
71 cnfess 承认, 供认
72 cnflict 冲突, 抵触, 争论
73 cnscius 神志清醒的
74 cnsequence 结果, 后果
75 cnsiderable 相当大(或多)的
76 cnstantly 不变地,经常地,坚持不懈地
77 cnsume 消耗, 消费, 耗尽
78 cnvince 使相信; 使明白
79 cperatin 合作
80 cunt 有价值, 有重要意义;认为, 看作
81 cver 涉及, 包含;控制, 支配
82 crash (使)猛撞, (使)撞毁
83 creativity 创造力,创造
84 credit 借款; 贷款
85 criminal 刑事的, 犯罪的
86 data 资料, 材料
87 decline 下降, 减少, 衰退
88 decratin 装饰, 装潢
89 defend 辩护; 辩解
90 define 精确地解释; 界定
91 deliver 递送, 交付
92 demnstrate 论证, 证明
93 descriptin 描述, 形容
94 desert 舍弃, 遗弃
95 deserve应受, 应得, 值得
96 desirable 可取的, 值得拥有的, 合意的
97 destructive 破坏性的, 毁灭性的
98 device 装置, 设备, 器具
99 discipline 训练, 训导;处罚, 惩罚
100 dismiss 使退去; 解散
101 distinctin 区别, 明显差别, 特征
102 distribute 散发; 散播; 分布
103 dcument 公文, 文件, 文献
104 dmestic 国内的; 家用的;驯养的
105 drught 干旱(时期)
106 ecsystem 生态系统
107 efficient 有能力的, 效率高的
108 element 要素;基础, 纲要, 原理
109 embarrass (使)窘迫; (使)局促不安
110 emergency紧急情况,非常时刻
111 emtin 情感, 感情, 激情
112 emphasis 强调, 重点
113 endure 忍受, 忍耐, 容忍
114 enrich 使富有, 使富裕
115 entertain 款待, 招待
116 enthusiastic 满腔热情的,极感兴趣的
117 entirely 全部地, 整体地
118 essential 必不可少的, 绝对必要的
119 establish 建立, 成立
120 estimate 估计, 估价
【知识梳理5】2024年高考可能考的熟词生义100词
1.address (熟义:v.写地址 n.地址)
Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand is being addressed. (v.设法解决;处理)
2.advance(熟义:v.& n.前进,推进)
The new assistant asked fr an advance n her salary. (n.预付款)
3.against (熟义:prep.反对;逆着;依靠;与……竞争)
The painting lks nice against the white wall. (prep.以……为背景;映衬)
4.age (熟义:n.年龄)
Challenging wrk might help yur brain stay sharp as yu age. (v.变老)
5.annunce(熟义:v.宣布)
Warm sunshine annunces the appraching f the spring. (v.预示着)
6.balance(熟义:v.& n.平衡)
Make sure that yu g and check yur bank balance. (n.差额;余款)
The schl aims t balance the time spent n arts and science subjects. (v.权衡)
7.bar(熟义:n.棒,条;酒吧)
Pr health may be a bar t success in life. (n.障碍)
8.back(熟义:adv.& n.后面)
If yu back yur car ut f the driveway, I can get mine in. (v.使倒退)
Many f his friends backed his plan f creating anther platfrm. (v.支持)
9.blue(熟义:adj.蓝色的 n.蓝色)
Yur elder sister appeared blue when she failed in her experiment last time. (adj.忧伤的)
10.build(熟义:v.建设)
My persnal bdyguard has a slid build. (n.身材;体形)
11.badly(熟义:adv.坏地,恶劣地)
Bth sides want t win the cming final s badly. (adv.很,非常)
12.cause(熟义:v.致使)
These yung graduates are wrking fr a great cause and I am prud f them. (n.事业)
13.chance(熟义:n.机会)
I’m nt sure f my success, but let me take a chance. (n.冒险)
I chanced t see the famus scientist last Sunday. (v.碰巧)
14.cunt(熟义:n.& v.计算,数)
There are 10 peple in the classrm cunting tw teachers. (v.包括)
It is nt hw much yu read but what yu read that cunts. (v.有价值;重要)
15.cver(熟义:v.覆盖)
The turists had cvered 20 miles befre dark. (v.走完一段路)
Hw many pages have yu cvered? (v.看完多少页书)
Yesterday’s discussin cvered a lt f tpics. (v.涉及)
These dctrs’ stries were cvered in China Daily. (v.报道)
The mney will cver all yur expenses in the university. (v.够付)
16.crss(熟义:v.跨越,横穿 n.十字)
Dn’t be crss with him. After all, he meant t help. (adj.生气的)
17.cut(熟义:v.割)
Buyers will try hard t cut the cst f the huse they want. (v.削减)
18.develp(熟义:v.发展;开发;研制)
Did yu have the films develped?(v.冲洗胶卷)
After develping a strange disease, he develped an interest in medicine. (v.患病;逐渐形成)
19.digest(熟义:v.消化 n.文摘)
I struggle t digest the news in tday’s newspaper. (v.理解,领悟)
20.d (熟义:v.做)
The shes wn’t d fr muntain climbing. (v.行,适合)
What makes us relaxed is that everything is ding well. (v.进展)
21.dwn(熟义:adv.向下,在下面)
I have been dwn ever since I heard the news. (adj.情绪低落的)
22.emply(熟义:v.雇用)
The plice emplyed frce t pen the dr. (v.利用,使用)
She was emplyed in preparing fr the sprts meet. (v.忙于)
23.escape(熟义:v.逃跑;逃脱)
His name escapes me fr the mment. (v.被忘掉;被忽视)
24.even(熟义:adv.甚至)
The rm shuld be kept at an even temperature. (adj.均匀的,稳定的)
The wman singer smiled, shwing her small even teeth. (adj.整齐的)
“I think yu are mistaken,” my mther said in an even tne. (adj.平静的;平和的)
25.express(熟义:v.表达)
Is there an express frm Nanjing t Shanghai? (n.快车)
I’ll express the sea fd t my parents. (v.快递)
26.fail(熟义:v.失败)
Trapped in a traffic jam, he failed t catch the train. (v.未能)
The prfessr is failing in health./The prfessr’s health is failing. (v.衰退,衰弱)
Wrds failed me t describe my inner feeling. (v.使失望;有负于;使无能为力)
27.fine(熟义:adj.美好的,很棒的,晴朗的)
The man will be fined if he parks the car there. (v.罚款)
28.frce (熟义:vt.强迫)
The hstess frced her way thrugh the crwd f reprters. (v.用力;强行移动)
My head teacher frced a smile when he saw me. (v.挤出)
29.fresh(熟义:adj.新鲜的)
There is a shrtage f fresh water n the island. (adj.淡的,无盐的)
The newcmer is clearly quite fresh t ffice wrk. (adj.无经验的)
30.fair(熟义:adj.公平的,合理的)
My sixty-year-ld grandma has lng fair hair. (adj.浅色的,白皙的)
An antique fair will be held in the city f Qufu. (n.商品交易会,展销会)
31.figure(熟义:n.数字,图形)
I figured that if I tk the night train, I culd be in Sctland by the mrning. (vt.认为;认定)
Happily, my frmer deskmate is a leading figure in the music. (n.人物)
32.gain(熟义:v.获得,赢得)
Dn’t wrry. My watch gains. We still have time. (v. 钟表快)
Just taking nline lessns at hme, I have gained weight recently. (v.增加速度,重量)
33.g(熟义:vi.去;变得)
The infrmatin ges t prve my pint. (vi.对……有帮助,有助于……)
This imprted machine ges by electricity. (vi.机器运行,运转,工作)
Des everything g smthly these days?(v.进展)
The stry ges that she has been married 5 times. (v. (故事)发生情况如何)
Frankly, the curtain desn’t g with the carpet. (vi.搭配)
34.hit(熟义:v.击中,打击)
The Indian film is quite a hit f this year. (n.成功;红极一时的人或事)
I culdn’t remember where I’d seen him befre, and then it hit me. (v.突然想起)
35.ht (熟义:adj.炎热的)
We’re waiting fr the ht news n the electin results. (adj.最新的)
She is ne f ur schl’s httest yung teachers. (adj.轰动的;走红的)
36.ill (熟义:adj.生病的;坏的;不良的)
The wild animals were bviusly ill treated in this place. (adv.坏地,糟糕地)
37.inch(熟义:n.英寸)
The slim waitress inched the table t the wall. (v. (使)缓慢移动)
38.key(熟义:n.钥匙;答案)
The key factr in the bridegrm’s success is his enthusiasm. (adj.关键的)
39.kid(熟义:n.小孩)
Take it easy. The captain is just kidding. (v.开玩笑;欺骗)
40.kill(熟义:v.杀掉,害死)
The three champins ften kill time by playing cards. (v.消磨时间)
The chemist’s jke killed the audience. (vt.使笑得要死)
41.last [熟义:adj.最后的 v.延续,够用(多久)]
This salesgirl is the last persn t tell a lie. (adj.最不可能的)
42.leave(熟义:v.离开;剩下;留下)
Having wrked hard fr a lng perid, he decided t take a mnth’s paid leave. (n.休假)
43.nbdy(熟义:prn.没有人)
The cach wants t be famus. He is tired f being nbdy. (n.小人物)
44.narrw(熟义:adj.狭窄的)
His cmpetitr had a narrw escape when his car ran n the ice. (adj.勉强的,刚刚好的)
45.bserve(熟义:vt.注意到,察觉到)
D they bserve Christmas Day in this cuntry? (vt.庆祝节日,举行仪式等)
The wrkers belnging t the factry must bserve the rules. (vt.遵守(规则、法律等))
46.practice(熟义:n.实践;练习)
He makes the practice f reading newspapers during breakfast. (n.惯例,习俗)
Where is yur medical practice?[n. (医师、律师的)工作地点]
47.prmise(熟义:v.& n.许诺)
The dark cluds prmise rain and yu’d better take an umbrella. (v.有……的希望;使……有可能)
48.particular(熟义:adj.特殊的)
She is very particular abut what she eats and wears. (adj.挑剔的,讲究的)
49.press(熟义:n.& v.按,压)
She pressed a letter int the mailbx and ran away. (v.将……塞进……)
The press seemed nt t be interested in this meeting. (n.新闻界,媒体)
50.raise(熟义:vt.提高;饲养)
We had t raise mney fr ur prject. (vt.筹集)
His behavir has raised sme peple’s dubt. (vt.引起)
51.read(熟义:v.阅读)
I didn’t read my mther’s thughts at that time. (v.理解,领会)
The thermmeter(温度计) has been reading ver 90 degrees all day. (v.指示;显示)
The label reads, “Suitable nly fr children ver there.”(v.写着)
52.reflect(熟义:v.映出;反射)
I have been reflecting n pssible reasns fr my failure. (v.仔细考虑)
53.return(熟义:v.回来;归还)
Wuld yu like a single r a return? (n.往返车票)
54.rest(熟义:v.& n.休息)
She rested her head n her husband’s shulder. (v.把……倚靠在)
Usually parents rest their hpe n their children. (v.依靠,依赖)
55.rush(熟义:v.迅速移动)
Dn’t rush me. I need time t think abut it. (v.使……仓促行事)
56.say(熟义:vt.说)
Say that an earthquake breaks ut, what will yu d? (vt.假定)
57.shape(熟义:n.形状)
He’s in a lt better shape since he’s changed his lifestyle. (n.状况)
His generatin firmly believed they culd shape the future. (v.影响,形成)
58.sharp(熟义:adj.锋利的,锐利的)
Please cme here at seven ’clck sharp. (adv.几点整)
My rmmate felt a sharp pain in her stmach. (adj.剧烈的)
59.shck(熟义:n.& v.震惊)
Yu culd get an electric shck if yu tuch it. (n.电击)
60.sht(熟义:v.射击;射中)
The trees give ut new shts in spring. (n.嫩芽;新枝)
61.shulder(熟义:n.肩膀)
Yung peple shuld learn t shulder the duty. (v.承担)
62.smebdy(熟义:prn.某人)
He is smebdy in his twn but he is nbdy here. (prn.有一定地位的人/物)
63.sund(熟义:n.声音)
It is really imprtant t have a sund bdy. (adj.健康的)
That fact is that my wife is a sund sleeper. (adj.酣睡的)
64.spare(熟义:adj.多余的,备用的,空余的v.吝惜;拨出,抽出)
Help her with her hmewrk and I will spare yurs. (v.免除)
65.stand(熟义:v.站立;忍受)
There used t be a newspaper stand at the crner. (n.货摊;售货亭)
66.strength(熟义:n.力气)
Each f us has ur wn strengths and weaknesses. (n.强项)
67.strike(熟义:n.袭击,罢工)
It struck me that we might have made the wrng decisin. (v.认为;想到;发现)
All the peple present at the meeting were struck by the nurse’s stry. (v.打动)
Anther typhn struck this small city last week. (v.侵袭,袭击)
68.succeed(熟义:v.成功)
He will succeed his father as manager f the AI cmpany. (v.接替)
Jim has just succeeded a large frtune frm his uncle. (v.继承)
69.share(熟义:vt.分享)
Next year we hpe t have a bigger share f the market. (n.股份,份额)
70.ticket(熟义:n.票)
Bth the new drivers gt a ticket fr speeding. (n.罚票,罚款单)
71.tight(熟义:adj.紧身的;紧紧的)
T be hnest, we have a very tight budget recently. (adj.手头拮据的)
I can’t see yu next week because the schedule is very tight.[adj. (时间)紧的]
72.tuch(熟义:n.& v.接触,触摸)
What the general manager said really tuched my heart. (vt.感动;触动)
73.treat(熟义:vt.对待;处理;治疗)
Be brave and I’ll treat yu t an ice-cream after the hiking. (v.款待,请客)
Yu’re my hnred guest, s it’s my treat this time. (n.款待,请客)
74.taste(熟义:n.味道;味觉)
Actually, the clur and style is a matter f persnal taste. (n.爱好,兴趣)
The disabled girl has very gd taste in music. (n.欣赏力,鉴赏力)
75.vice(熟义:n.声音)
The man in charge viced sme dubts abut ur plan. (v.表达,吐露)
76.view(熟义:n.观点;风景)
Hw d yu view the nline learning during the lng hliday? (v.看待)
77.walk(熟义:v.& n.行走;步行)
This sciety welcmes peple frm all walks f life. (n.行业)
Dn’t wrry. I’ll walk yu t the high-speed railway statin. (v.陪某人走,护送某人走)
78.wander(熟义:v.漫游,游荡,漫步)
Clearly, yur deskmate’s mind began t wander. (v.走神;神志恍惚;思想开小差)
79.wear(熟义:vt.穿戴)
The ticket cllectr always wears a happy smile. (vt.流露,面带,呈现(某种神态))
I suggest yu buy this new material, because it wears well. (vi.耐用)
80.weigh(熟义:v.称……的重量;重达)
Please weigh the advantages and disadvantages f ding this! (v.权衡;斟酌)
81.agree with(熟义:同意)
Yur stry agrees with what I heard. (与……一致)
82.back(熟义:n.背)
Many f his friends backed his plan. (vt.支持)
83.cst(熟义:vt.花费;值……)
His careless driving cst him his life. (vt.使失去(生命、健康等))
84.cver(熟义:v.覆盖)
Here is £5. That shuld cver all yur expenses. (v.足以支付，够付)
By sunset we had cvered thirty miles. (v.走完一段路)
He is carrying ut a research that cvers a wild field. (v.涉及)
He was sent t cver the event. (v.报道)
85.bk(熟义:n.书)
I'll bk a ticket t Beijing. (v.预订)
86.curse(熟义:n.课程;过程)
The main curse was a vegetable stew. (n.-道菜)
87.crss(熟义:v.跨越,横穿 n.十字)
Dn't be crss with him-after all, he meant t help. (adj.生气的)
88.case(熟义:n.情况;状况)
There are three cases f fever in schl. (n.病例;案例)
89.chance(熟义:n.机会)
She chanced t be in when he was called. (v.碰巧)
90.charge(熟义:v.索价，收费;指控,控告)
Mther charged Alice t take gd care f the baby. (v.赋予……责任或义务)
91.clean(熟义:adj.干净的)
I clean frgt abut calling him. (adv.彻底地;完全地)
92.damage(熟义:v.&n.损坏)
He claimed $7,000 damages frm the taxi cmpany. (n.赔偿金(复数)=cmpensatin)
93.desert(熟义:n.沙漠)
He deserted his wife and children and went abrad. (v.抛弃,离弃)
94.develp(熟义:v.发展;开发;研制)
Did yu have the films develped?(v.冲印)
Mst f the plants develped the disease. (v.患(病))
95.drive(熟义:v.驾驶)
Hunger drve her t steal. (v.迫使(某人做不好或极端的事))
96.divrce(熟义:v.与某人离婚)
Yu can't divrce science frm ethical questins. (v.使分离;使脱离)
97.draw(熟义:v.画;拖;拉)
What mral are we t draw frm the stry? (v.获得，取得，推断出)
98.date(熟义;n.日期)
Fr a year I dated a wman wh was a research assistant. (v.约会)
99.express(熟义:v表达)
His express wish was that yu shuld cme here by air. (adj.明确的)
Is there an express frm Nanjing t Shanghai?(n.快车)
100.encurage(熟义:vt.鼓励;激励)
Gd health encurages clear thinking. (v.促进，助长，刺激)
【知识梳理6】2024年高考熟词生义18例
1. sil 熟义：n. 土壤；土地；领土 生义：v.弄脏
【2024九省联考卷】Siling his clthes, wrking n a ht September afternn, this man saved a cllege student frm disaster, just because she culd have been his daughter .
在炎热的九月下午，这位男士在工作中弄脏了衣服，却不顾一切地救助了一位大学生，因为在他看来，她就像自己的女儿一样。（sil在本句中是动词，意思为弄脏）
2. reasn熟义：n. 理由；原因 生义：n. 理性；理智 v. 推理；推论；推断
【2024九省联考卷】This is a built-in reactin nt subject t lgic r reasn. Simple and relatively harmless husehld bjects can draw extreme fear respnses frm a bird.
这种反应是与生俱来的，不会受到逻辑或理性的束缚。哪怕是那些看似简单、相对无害的家居用品，也有可能在鸟儿心中引起极端的恐惧。
3. beat 熟义：v. 打败（某人）；敲打；锤砸; (使)规律作响，做规律性运动 n. （心脏等的）跳动；击鼓声；振翅声；跳动声生义：v. 避免；逃避; （用叉等）快速搅拌，打
【2024九省联考卷】I sat alngside my car fr several hurs trying t beat the heat when an lder gentleman stpped t fuel his car.
我靠着我的车坐了几个小时，试图躲避炎炎烈日，这时一位上了年纪的绅士停下来为他的车加油。
4. prnunce 熟义：v. 发音；读生义：v. 正式宣布
【2024九省联考卷】After abut an hur, he prnunced that my car was safe t finish the trip.
大约一个小时后，他确认我的车况良好，可以安全地继续剩下的旅程。
因此，在咨询了顾问之后，她安排他参加了私人课程，他在这些课程中学会了读唇术和正确发音。
5. dead 熟义：adj.死的生义：adj. （因为缺电）不运行的，不转动的
【2024九省联考卷】I was halfway acrss Indiana headed hme t Kentucky when my car brke dwn. My phne was dead, t.
在横穿印第安纳州朝位于肯塔基州的家行驶时，我的车中途抛锚了，手机也没电了。（dead在本句中考查的是形容词含义“不运行的，不工作的”）
6. maintain 熟义：v. 维持；保持 生义：v.维修
【2024九省联考卷】I was wrking my way thrugh university then and had little mney fr maintaining the car.
那时我一边工作一边读大学，几乎没有多余的钱用来维护我的车。
7. cast 熟义：v. 投﹐抛﹐扔﹐丢 生义：v.投射〔光或影〕；v.投去〔一瞥、一眼〕n.演员阵容﹐全体演员
【2024浙江1月卷】 McMath is a junir at Beechwd High Schl. He was in the cast f “Tm Sawyer” when it was first perfrmed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shws t his credit.
McMath 是 Beechwd 高中的一名高三学生。他曾在《汤姆·索亚》首次演出中出演角色，并且是一位活跃于儿童剧场的演员，至今已参与了五场演出。
8. cncern 熟义：n.担心，忧虑 v. 让（某人）担忧 生义：n. 关爱；关心 v.影响；涉及；与…有关
【2024浙江1月卷】Due t the lack f scientific prf cncerning their impacts, n ne has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against clud-seeding cmpanies, Hence, private climate engineering can prceed in relative legal safety.
由于缺乏充分的科学证据来证明它们的影响，目前还没有人在针对播云公司的诉讼中获胜。因此，私人气候工程能够在相对法律保护的环境中继续进行。
【2024.浙江1月卷】Yur mtivatin shuld be yur main cncern.
你应该主要关注自己的动机。
9. curse 熟义：n.课程生义：n.航向，航线; 进程，进展；一道菜；球场；跑道；泳道；江河流向
【2024浙江1月卷】In the curse f a cuple f hurs, he shwed me just hw much ne can gain frm travelling with an pen mind, and a willingness t engage with lcals frm all walks f life.
在几个小时内，他向我证明了一个人如果怀着开放的心态去旅行，并愿意与不同领域的当地人交流，能够收获多少宝贵的经验。
10. edge 熟义：n.边；边缘 生义: n.刀刃;（微弱的）优势 v. （使）徐徐移动，渐渐移动
【2024浙江1月卷】 Hwever, while sme f her classmates edged ahead, thers actually fell behind. “It’s just the beginning,” she thught. “I’ll cme in last fr sure.”
然而，尽管她的一些同学取得了进步，其他人实际上却落后了。“这只是开始，”她想。“我肯定会是最后一个。”
11. pack 熟义： v. 收拾（行李）；装（箱）;打包；包装 生义：n. (商品的）纸包，纸袋，纸盒; 一群（动物或猎狗）
【2024浙江1月卷】Hwever, thugh it’s nice t get a few cents ff a pack f sausages, it wuld help even mre if they culd smetimes be ffered in smaller packs.
然而，虽然在买一包香肠时能省下几分钱挺好，但如果能够有时提供小包装，那将更加方便。
12. prduce 熟义：v. 生产, 制造 生义：v. 出示,展现,使出现; v.引起,导致,使产生 n.(农）产品
【2024浙江1月卷】If yur supermarket sells lse prduce, then buying smaller quantities is easier.
如果你的超市出售散装农产品，那么购买较小数量就更容易了。
13. regular 熟义：adj. 规则的； 频繁的；经常做的生义：adj.普通的；平凡的 n.常客；老主顾
【2024浙江1月】 McMath is a junir at Beechwd High Schl. He was in the cast f “Tm Sawyer” when it was first perfrmed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shws t his credit.
McMath 是 Beechwd 高中的一名高三学生。他曾在《汤姆·索亚》首次演出中出演角色，并且是一位活跃于儿童剧场的演员，至今已参与了五场演出。
14. treat 熟义：vt. 对待；看待 生义：vt.治疗，处理；宴请，招待，款待 n. 款待
【2024浙江1月卷】A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed n a table.
孩子挑选的一个甜点被放在桌子上。
15. spare 熟义：adj. 空闲的 生义：adj. 空余的；备用的;闲置的 v.腾出;使免受; n.备用品
【2024浙江1月卷】S, I called Directry Assistance, gt put thrugh t ur landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent t me with just enugh time t get bad in befre the actrs arrived.
于是，我拨打了电话查询服务，联系到了我们房东的管理代理，并且在演员们到来之前，及时拿到了备用钥匙。
16. nte 熟义：n.笔记,记录; 便条;记录，笔记生义：n. 纸币；调子，气氛; 音符；v.留意；意识到
【2024浙江1月卷】 He nted that his nline students usually end up with lwer grades. It is s easy t let an nline curse slide, but yur grades will suffer as a result.
他指出，他的线上课程的学生通常最后成绩较低。在线课程很容易被忽视，但这样做会导致你的成绩下降。
17. prize 熟义：n. 奖；奖赏；奖励；奖品；奖金 生义：v.珍视；高度重视
【2024浙江1月卷】Our frmative envirnment as a species was infrmatin-pr, s ur brains develped a mechanism that prized new infrmatin.
在我们人类作为一个物种发展的初期，所处的环境缺乏信息，因此我们的大脑进化出了一种高度重视新信息的机制。
18. thrw 熟义：投；掷；抛；扔 生义：猛动（头、臂、腿）；挺起（胸）n. （沙发等的）套，罩
【2024浙江1月卷卷】Hping t impress sme talented actrs t cme and wrk fr me fr nthing, I spread sme thrws ver the sfas and lit candles t make it seem a bit mre“yung prfessinal”.
为了吸引有才华的演员免费加入我的团队，我在沙发上铺上了装饰布，并点燃了蜡烛，营造出一种更符合“年轻专业人士”风格的氛围。
【知识梳理7】2023年高考熟词生义33例
1. structure熟义：结构n 生义：总体安排
[2023年1月浙江首考]Camp Structure : The day is divided int tw thematic sessins per age grup...探险营总体安排：
这一天每个年龄组分为两个专题会议...
2. assign熟义：分派，布置（工作、任务）v 生义：确定（价值、功能等）
[2023年1月浙江首考]The rules that assign meaning lie nt just inside ur heads, but als utside, in sciety, in scial memry, scial cnventins and scial relatins.
确定意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。
3. run 熟义：跑v 生义：运行
[2023年1月浙江首考]Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing yurs can be a disaster.
大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。
4. unfld熟义：打开v 生义：展现，呈现
[2023年1月浙江首考]Read a bk, knit, d a crsswrd puzzle, r simply watch the wrld unfld utside the windw.
一本书，织毛衣，做一个填字游戏，或者只是看看窗外的世界。
5. type n熟义：类型生义：具有某种特征的人
[2023年1月浙江首考]Train trips aren't fr impatient types.
火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人。
6. stretch n熟义 v（时间上）延续；（空间上）延伸 生义：一片地域
[2023年1月浙江首考]I fllwed beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle.
我跟着养蜂人齐亚德穿过一片广阔的草原，然后进入了一片茂密的丛林。
7. inch熟义：n 英寸v生义：慢慢移动
[2023年1月浙江首考]Sitting n a branch, he inched twards it and blew smke frm his trch int a tiny hle in the hive.
他坐在一根树枝上，慢慢地向蜂箱靠近，用手电筒把烟吹进蜂箱上的一个小洞里。
8. sharp熟义：尖的，锋利的adj. 生义：刺耳的
[2023年1月浙江首考]Suddenly, Ziyad let ut a sharp cry.
突然，齐亚德发出一声刺耳的喊叫。
9. curt n熟义：法院，法庭；球场生义：宫廷，宫殿
[2023年1月浙江首考]In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect the culture f grassrts Beijingers.
与紫禁城、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同反映的是北京人的草根文化。
10. stuff 熟义：n 东西，物品v生义：塞，填满
[2023年1月浙江首考]I stuffed a piece f clth int the hle and tk her utside, clsing the dr securely behind me.
我把一块布塞进洞里，把她带了出去，随手把门牢牢地关上。
11. branch n.熟词：树枝，分枝；生义：分部。
[2023全国甲卷] Head Chef David Thmpsn pened this branch in the Metrplitan Htel in 2010.
总厨师大卫•汤普森于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这个分店。
12. credit 熟词：n. 信用，信贷；生义：v.认为是……的功劳。
[2023全国甲卷]She credits these skills t her late grandfather and builder Derek Llyd.
她把这些技能归功于她已故的祖父和建造者德里克•劳埃德。
13. split v. 熟词：分裂；分开；生义：分担，分摊。
[2023全国甲卷]Terri avided lsing the depsit n the huse she rented by splitting the rent with a rmmate.
特里通过和室友分担房子租金避免了她租的房子上的押金。
14. quarter n. 熟词：四分之一；一刻钟，十五分钟；生义：住所，住处
[2023全国甲卷]Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away.
在养鸡场和其他农场动物住处做电剑网也很有效地使灰熊远离。
15. vice n. 熟词：嗓音，说话声；生义：意见，呼声
[2023全国甲卷]The vice f the bilgists has stpped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service frm delisting grizzlies.
生物学家的呼声已经阻止了美国鱼和野生动物的伤害灰熊。
16. square n. 熟词：正方形，正方形物；生义：广场
[2023新高考Ⅰ]Cycling is the mst ecnmical, sustainable and fun way t explre the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and cuntless lights.
骑自行车是一种最经济、可持续、最有趣的方式来探索这座城市,它的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。
17. strategic adj. 熟词：战略的，策略的；生义：有用的，重要的
[2023新高考Ⅰ] With ver 2,500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins, we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu.
在重要地点我们的五家租赁商店里,有超过2500辆自行车，我们确保有一辆自行车可供你使用。
18. trap n. 熟词：陷阱，网，圈套，诡计；生义：困境
[2023新高考Ⅰ] Yu’ll hear these participants’ stries and learn what strategies wrked well fr them, and what traps they encuntered that yu shuld avid.
你会听到这些参与者的故事,学习哪些策略对他们来说很有效,以及他们遇到的你应该避免的困境。
19. capitalize v.熟词：提供资金；生义：利用
[2023新高考Ⅰ] This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same.
这一效应利用了一个事实,即当人们犯错时,这些错误并不总是一样的。
20. draw熟词：画画；生义：吸引，使感兴趣
[2023新高考ⅠI] Discver why artists and phtgraphers cntinue t be drawn t this special place.
发现为什么艺术家和摄影师继续被吸引到这个特殊的地方。
21. leaf 熟义：n. 叶；叶片；叶子生义：vt 匆匆翻阅；浏览
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]As I leafed thrugh the nvel, a piece f paper fell ut.
当我翻阅小说时，一张纸掉了出来。
22. land熟义：n. 陆地；大地生义： 落；降落；着陆
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]S, all the way acrss the cuntry, yur sister’s ld bk landed in yur hands.
所以，在全国各地，你姐姐的旧书都落在了你手里。
23. issue 熟义：重要议题；争论的问题 生义：一期；期号
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]In every issue, yu will find an interesting mix f interviews and essays n the gd life, histry, philsphy, arts and fashin phtgraphy.
在每一期中，你都会发现关于美好生活、历史、哲学、艺术和时尚摄影的采访和文章的有趣组合
24. cver 熟义: v. 掩蔽；遮盖 生义: 包括；包含
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]The 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much mre.
2.5小时的游览包括古耶风车、瘦桥、国立博物馆、喜力啤酒厂等。
25. curse 熟词：课程生义：跑道
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]On Oct. 1l, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have finished the curse earlier than she did.
10月1日，数百名选手在明尼苏达州参加越野赛。Melanie Bailey本应该比她早完成这门课的。
26. irn熟义：n. 铁 生义：（用熨斗）熨，烫平
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked.
这可能是你帮助朋友做家庭作业的时候，也可能是你在没有被要求的情况下熨衣服的时候。
27. harvest 熟义：n. 收获季节；收割；收获生义：v. 收割（庄稼）；捕猎（动物、鱼）
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids.
翻土、拔草、收割卷心菜，对中学生和高中生来说，这听起来像是一项艰巨的工作。
28. prduce 熟义：v. 生产；制造 生义：n. 产品；（尤指）农产品
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Urban Spruts’ classes, at tw middle schls and tw high schls, include hands-n experiments such as sil testing, flwer-and-seed dissectin, tastings f fresh r dried prduce, and wrk in the garden.
在两所初中和两所高中开设的“城市豆芽”课程包括动手实验，如土壤测试、花和种子解剖、品尝新鲜或干燥的农产品，以及在花园里工作。
29. still 熟义：adv. 还；还是；仍然；依旧 生义：adj. 静止的；平静的；安静的；寂静的
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible.
无论你画的是静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能地从生活中绘画。
30. crrect 熟义：adj. 准确无误的；精确的；正确的 生义v.：改正；纠正；修正
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]I asked my lder sister t crrect my grammar.
我请姐姐纠正我的语法。
31. sht vt 射击 生义 n 尝试，努力
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]If yu’re willing t apply yurself, I think yu have a gd sht at this.
如果你愿意努力，我认为你有很好的机会做到这一点。
32. walk 熟义：n. 行走；步行；徒步旅行；散步生义：a walk f life行业；职业；地位；阶层
[2023全国乙卷]Tan treated wmen frm all walks f life.
谭治疗过各行各业的女性。
33. back 熟义：n. （人体或动物的）背部，背；腰背生义：v. 支持；证实
[2023全国甲卷]Several studies have backed this up and fund that indr plants can imprve creativity, fcus and memry.
几项研究支持了这一观点，并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。
【知识梳理8】2022年高考熟词生义25例
1.accept熟义:v.接受;接纳 生义: v.忍受;承受
(2022·全国乙卷·D)Hwever，sme high sugar brands, like Classic Cca Cla have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing t change fr fear f upsetting cnsumers.
然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，因为担心惹恼消费者而拒绝改变。
2.celebrate熟义:v.庆祝生义:v.赞美,颂扬
(2022·全国乙卷·A)This exhibitin f sme sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and wrk f Sctland's best lved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn cmes t Lndn.
这场展览将在伦敦举行,展出苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的60多幅杰作,以纪念他的一生和作品。
3.creature 熟义:n.生物，动物 生义: n.(具有某种特征的)人
(2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)Fr a lng time. this ineffective hiding methd was interpreted as evidence that children are hpelessly “egcentric”(自我中心的) creatures.
长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心的”人的证据。
4.cntent熟义:n.(容器等)容纳的东西;内容 生义:n.含量
(2022·全国乙卷·D)Since April drinks cmpanies have been frced t pay between 18p and 24p fr every litre f sugary drink they prduce r imprt, depending n the sugar cntent.
自4月份以来根据含糖量,饮料公司不得不为其生产或进口的每升含糖饮料支付18至24便士的税。
5.dead熟义:adj.死的 生义: adj. (机械或设备)不运行的，不转动的
(2022·新高考全国I卷·完形填空) We were stuck in the middle f the lake with a dead mtr.
我们被困在湖中，汽车熄火了。
6.draw 熟义:u.拉,拖;拔出;画;吸引生义:v.获取，得到
(2022·新高考全国I卷·A)Class activities will vary frm day t day, but students must be ready t cmplete shrt in-class writings r tests drawn directly frm assigned readings r ntes frm the previus class’ lecture/discussin, s it is imprtant t take careful ntes during class.
课堂活动每天都会有所不同，但学生必须做好准备，完成简短的课堂写作或测试,这些内容直接来自指定的阅读材料或上节课的讲座/讨论笔记,因此在课堂上认真记笔记很重要。
7.drive 熟义:n.驾驶;驱车旅行 生义: n.冲劲;干劲
(2022·全国甲卷·D)We've gt a fundatin built n ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism f a yung cuntry.
我们建立在古老文化基础上，但同时还是一个充满动力和活力的年轻国家。
8.excuse 熟义:vt.原谅;宽恕;n.借口;理由生义:v.准许……离开,请求准予离开
(2022·新高考全国I卷·A)Shrt writings missed as a result f an excused absence will be accepted.
因请假缺席而错过的短文将被接受。
9.intrduce 熟义:v.介绍;引见 生义: v.推行;实施;采用
(2022·全国乙卷·D)First annunced in April, 2016,the tax which applies t sft drinks cntaining mre than 5g f sugar per 100ml, was intrduced t help reduce childhd besity(肥胖).
该税收政策与2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5克的软饮料,实施该政策旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。
10.keep 熟义:v.保持;保留;保管生义: v.饲养;供养
(2022·新高考全国I卷·C)She said:“I used t keep hens when I was yunger and had t prepare their breakfast each mrning befre I went t schl.”
她说:“我小时候养过母鸡，每天早上上学前都要为它们准备早餐。”
11.perid 熟义:n.(一段)时间;时期;阶段 生义:n.学时,课时
(2022·新高考全国I卷·A)An essay nt submitted in class n the due date will lse a letter grade fr each class perid it is late.
没有按期在课堂上提交论文，每迟交一节课，分数就降为一个等级。
12.pick 熟义:v.摘;采;挑选;选择 生义:n.精品;精华
(2022·全国甲卷·A)Presenting the best f the West End alng with the pick f the UK's turing shws, the New Theatre is Cardiff's ldest surviving traditinal theatre.
这座新剧院是加的夫现存最古老的传统剧院，它展示了西区的精华以及英国巡回演出的精品。
13.practice 熟义:n.练习;实践 生义: n.习俗;习惯
(2022·全国甲卷·七选五)The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry, the mre cmfrtable yu'll begin t feel with its freign cultural practices.
你在任何一个国家待的时间越长，你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服。
14.present 熟义:v颁发,授予;赠送;提出;呈递生义:v.推出;上演
(2022·全国乙卷·A)Scttish Natinal Prtrait(肖像画)Gallery presents a series f lectures fr the general public.苏格兰国家肖像画廊为公众举办了一系列讲座。
15.prduce熟义:v.生产,制造 生义: v.拿出，掏出
(2022·全国甲卷·完形填空)A year later, much t my delight, this man prduced a little bx with a ring and prpsed t me.
一年后，令我非常高兴的是,这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。
16.randm 熟义:adj.随机的;任意的 生义:adj.不可思议的;出人意料的
(2022·全国甲卷·七选五)Sme f these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem randm and strange, but they are imprtant in varius cuntries.
这些文化饮食礼仪规则可能看起来不可思议和奇怪，但它们在各个国家都很重要。
17.regard 熟义: v.认为……是;n.尊重 生义: n.关注，注意
(2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)They simply insist n mutual(相互的) recgnitin and regard.
他们只是坚持相互认可和关注。
18.reject 熟义:v.拒绝;排斥;嫌弃;冷落 生义:v.(因质量不好而)废弃
(2022·新高考全国I卷·B)It's jaw- drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away-frm“ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
虽能食用但因“长相难看”就被杂货店主丢弃的蔬菜,大量未食用就被扔进餐厅垃圾桶的菜肴,这些非常不错的食物就这样被扔掉,简直令人吃惊。
19.rll 熟义:v.滚动;转动生义:v.(雷或鼓)隆隆作响
(2022·新高考全国卷·完形填空) The wind picked up and thunder rlled.狂风大作，雷声隆隆。
20.run 熟义:v.跑;运作;运转 生义: v.发表，刊登
(2022·新高考全国卷·七选五) Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.”
《健身》杂志最近发表了一篇题为“感谢锻炼伙伴的五个理由”的文章。
21.stick 熟义:v.刺入;粘住;贴住;伸出生义:v.放置
(2022·新高考全国I卷·B)I stuck the chicken in the freezer.我把鸡肉放在冰箱里。
22.subject 熟义:n.主题;科目;学科 生义:n.实验对象
(2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)Our yung subjects cmprehended the questins and knew exactly what was asked f them.我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。
23.sweep熟义:v.打扫;横扫;掠过生义:n.连绵弯曲的地带
mve 熟义:v.移动;搬家;使感动生义:v.促使/迫使(某人……)
(2022·全国乙卷·B)The sweep f the land and the sticism(坚忍)f the peple mve her t sme beautiful writing.大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。
24.switch 熟义:n.开关v.改变;转变;交换 生义:n.(铁路的)道岔
(2022·全国乙卷·C)By using the latest technlgies, drnes culd als start prviding higher-value services fr railways. detecting faults in the rail r switches, befre they can cause any safety prblems.
通过使用最新技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在铁路或道岔出现任何安全问题之前检测出故障。
25.way熟义:n. 方面 生义:adv.远远地;大大地
(2022·新高考全国I卷·B)Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
更糟糕的是,我不假思索地买了太多;我本可以用我扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。
【知识梳理9】2021年高考熟词生义29例
1.determine 熟义:v. _________，_________ 生义: vt.
(2021•全国甲卷•D)And the mre we lk, the mre we will see that scial factrs(因素)like gender, race, and class d nt determine the appearance f genius.
我们看得越多，就越会发现像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能直接影响天才的出现。
2.dry熟义:adj. _________ 生义: vt. _________vi. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•C)Millins f acres f wetlands were dried t feed and huse the ever increasing ppulatins, greatly reducing waterfwl habitat (栖息地).
数百万英亩的湿地被人为弄干涸，以养活和容纳不断增加的人口，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。
3.entry熟义:n. _________ 生义: n. _________
(2021•全国甲卷•A)Each year，the high standard f entries has shwn that the Awards are the perfect platfrm t shwcase the very best phtgraphy f the British landscape.
每年，参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。
4.event熟义:n. _________ 生义: n. _________
(2021•全国乙卷•A)All these stadiums are still functinal, still pen and still hsting the biggest events in wrld sprt.所有这些体育场馆仍在使用,仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。
5.excite 熟义:vt. _________ 生义: vt. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•D)Althugh the cntinuing ppular appeal f emtinal intelligence is desirable, we hpe that such attentin will excite a greater interest in the scientific and schlarly study f emtin
尽管情商继续受到大众的关注是可取的，但我们希望这种关注能激发人们对情感的科学和学术研究更大的兴趣。
6.flw熟义:v. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•B)His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn't have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves.
他的工作就是坐在钢琴师旁边，翻动乐谱，这样音乐家就不用自己动手破坏音流了。
我9岁那年，在一月一个灰蒙蒙的早晨，我们收拾好去洛杉矶的行装,来到伦敦希思罗机场。
7.given 熟义:prep. _________ 生义: n. _________
(2021•全国乙卷•完形填空)Oh，this isn't fr the care I had. I take that as a given.
哦，这不是为了我接受过的照顾。我认为这是理所当然的。
8.grade 熟义:n. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•全国乙卷•完形填空) And it came t me then hw much easier it wuld be if we had a range f wrds that express different grades f gratitude.然后我意识到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激的词汇，事情会简单得多。
9.gray熟义:adj. _________ 生义:adj. _________
(2021•全国甲卷•C)When I was 9, we packed up ur hme in Ls Angeles and arrived at Heathrw, Lndn n a gray January mrning.
10.head 熟义:n. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•全国甲卷•B)Paul Beer, head f rhin sectin at Prt Lympne, said:“Obviusly we're all abslutely delighted t welcme anther calf t ur black rhin family...”
林普尼港犀牛部门的负责人保罗•比尔说:“显然，我们都非常高兴地欢迎另一头小犀牛加入我们的黑犀牛家族……”
11.infrm 熟义:vt. _________ 生义: vt. _________
(2021•全国乙卷•A)In arund 80 Rmans built the Clsseum, which remains the wrld's best knwn stadium and cntinues t infrm cntemprary design.
大约在公元80年，罗马人建造了罗马斗兽场,它仍然是世界上最著名的体育场,并继续影响着当代的设计。
12.must熟义: mdal verb. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•语法填空)While yu're in China, Munt Huangshan is a must t visit!
当你在中国时,黄山是必游之地!
13.nte 熟义:n. _________;vt. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•B)He's interested in the music, feeling every nte ...
他对音乐感兴趣，感受着每一个音符……
(2021•全国乙卷•完形填空)When she reached ne nurse, she tried t press a five pund nte int her hand.
当她走到一个护士跟前时，她试图把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她手里。
14.makeup熟义:n. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•D)Many peple nw misunderstand emtinal intelligence as almst everything desirable in a persn's makeup that cannt be measured by an IQ test, such as character, mtivatin, cnfidence, mental stability, ptimism and “peple skills.”
现在许多人将情商误解为几乎所有无法通过智商测试衡量的人的气质，例如性格、动机、信心、心理稳定性、乐观和“人际交往能力”。
15.passage 熟义:n. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•C)In1934，with the passage f the Migratry Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act),an increasingly cncerned natin tk firm actin t stp the destructin f migratry(迁徙的)waterfwl and the wetlands s vital t their survival.1934年,随着《候鸟狩猎印花税法》的通过，一个日益关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，以阻止对迁徙水禽和对其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。
16.plant熟义:n. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•完形填空)It happened that the plant dwntwn needed eight kids fr temprary help during ur spring break.
春假期间，碰巧市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙。
17.pint 熟义:n. _________;vt. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•全国甲卷•A)Walking up a path thrugh the frest twards Shutlingsle, a lcal high pint I came acrss a small clearing and immediately nticed the dead yellw grasses set against the fresh snw.
我沿着一条穿过森林的小路向当地的舒林西勒高地走去，遇到了一小块空地，立即注意到了在新雪的映衬下枯黄的草丛。
18.pur熟义:v. _________ 生义: vi. _________
(2021•全国乙卷•A)Peple have been puring int stadiums since the days f ancient Greece.
从古希腊时代起，人们就一直不断涌入体育场馆。
19.pressure熟义:n. _________生义:v. _________
(2021•全国乙卷•C)Vn Wnghpes that his wrk will als help pressure big cmpanies t reduce their plastic ftprint.冯•王希望他的工作也能帮助迫使大公司减少他们的塑料足迹。
20.ride 熟义:v. _________ 生义:vt. _________
(2021•全国乙卷•七选五)I rde the bus with these crazy peple wh were laughing at silly jkes in the back.
我和这些疯狂的人一起乘坐公交车，他们在后面嘲笑愚蠢的笑话。
21.rle 熟义:n. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•完形填空)Our rles in the factry were simple: Place cakes n a mving belt.
我们在工厂的职责很简单:将蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。
22.run熟义:v. _________ 生义:vt. _________
(2021•全国甲卷•B)Prt Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding(繁育) prgramme, has welcmed the arrival f a rare black rhin calf(犀牛幼崽).负责繁育计划的林普尼港保护区迎来了一只稀有的黑犀牛幼崽。
23.scre 熟义:n. _________ 生义:n. _________; vt. _________
(2021•全国甲卷•七选五)It's the best way t get rid f yur used clthes, scre clthes frm yur friends, and have a party all at the same time.
这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里淘到衣服并同时举办派对的最佳方式。
24.seat熟义:n. _________ 生义:vt. _________
(2021•全国乙卷•A)Rme's Clsseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50.000 peple.
罗马斗兽场高157英尺，有80个入口，可容纳5万人。
25.set熟义: _________ 生义:vi. _________
(2021•全国甲卷•A)I climbed t the tp f a small rise and realised that the mist was little mre than a few feet deep, and thugh it was nly a shrt climb. I fund myself cmpletely abve it and lking at a wnderfully clear view f Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west.
我爬到一个小山丘的顶部,意识到雾只有几英尺深，虽然攀爬的路程很短，但我发现自己已经完全爬到了山顶上，在夕阳西下的背景下，我看到了斯基多非常清晰的景色。
26.sht 熟义:n. _________;v. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•A)Hstel Alessandr Palace is fun. Staff members hld plenty f bar events fr guests like free shts bar crawls and karake.
亚历山德罗宫旅馆很有趣。工作人员为客人举办了许多酒吧活动，如免费酒水酒吧爬行和卡拉OK。
27.sink熟义:v. _________ 生义:n. _________
(2021•新高考卷•读后续写)Jenna threw the burnt piece int the sink and put in the ther slice f bread.
珍娜把烧焦的一块扔进水槽里，然后放入另一片面包。
28.stand 熟义:vi. _________ 生义: n. _________
(2021•新高考I卷•B) “I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand,”Mr Tittertn said, “Luckily, I was able t catch them and put them back.”
蒂特顿先生说:“我正在翻页为下一页做准备，但翻页的风导致备用页从架子上掉下来，幸运的是我抓住了它们并将它们放回去。”
29.weight 熟义:n. _________ 生义: n. _________
(2021•全国乙卷•七选五) He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst.
他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬压力的人。
【知识梳理10】2020年高考熟词生义20例
1. absrb熟义:vt.吸收 生义:vt.理解,消化
(2020•新高考I卷•七选五)In fact, mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker's message.
事实上，大多数人只理解了演讲者信息的20%。
2. address 熟义:n.地址 生义:vt设法解决，处理
(2020•7月浙江卷•B)“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed,” says Alex Stevanvic.
3. age 熟义:n.年龄 生义:vi.变老
(2020•7月浙江卷•C)Challenging wrk that requires lts f analytical thinking, planning and ther managerial skills might help yur brain stay sharp as yu age.随着年龄的增长，需要大量分析思维、计划和其他管理技能的具有挑战性的工作可能会帮助你的大脑保持敏锐。
4. battle 熟义:n.战斗，战役 生义: 争夺;竞标
(2020•全国Ⅱ卷•完形填空) Nicl and anther bidder battled until Nicl finally wn the paintings fr $32.
尼科洛和另一位竞标者进行了竞标，直到尼科洛最终以32美元的价格赢得了这些画。
5. beat熟义:vi.击打 生义: vt.快速搅拌
(2020•全国I卷•短文改错)Next I brke the eggs int a bwl and beat them quickly with chpsticks.
紧接着我把鸡蛋打进碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。
6. big 熟义:adj.大的 生义:adj.重要的，重大的
(2020•全国Ⅲ卷•C)We spke mre with Nick because I think it's a big thing fr Nick t live with his mther-in-law.我们和尼克进行了更多的交谈，因为我认为对尼克来说和他的岳母住在一起是件大事。
7. bnd 熟义:n.关系，联系 生义: vt.培养一种特殊的关系
(2020•全国Ⅱ卷•D)It was a special time t bnd with my children and it filled them with the wnderment f bks.这是一个特殊的时刻，我与我的孩子们培养了一种特殊的关系，这让他们对书充满了好奇。
8. bridge熟义:n.桥 生义:n.起桥梁，作用的东西，纽带
(2020•全国Ⅱ卷•D)I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港)fr readers and writers, a bridge that helps put tgether a reader with a bk.
我认为图书馆对于读者和作家来说是一个安全的避风港，是把书和读者联系在一起的纽带。
9. brken熟义:adj.破损的 生义: adj.虚弱的
(2020•新高考I卷•C)He left after seven mnths, physically brken and having lst his mind.
随着身体虚弱和记忆力丧失，七个月后他离开了。
10. case熟义:n.情况 生义:n.套;盒;箱;容器
(2020•全国I卷•听力材料)It has ne f the new memry sticks, and a prtective case fr filming underwater, s yu can take it when yu g diving.
它有一个新的记忆棒和一个水下拍摄用的保护套，所以当你潜水时，你可以带着它。
11. cld 熟义:adj.寒冷的 生义:adj. 冷酷的
(2020•全国Ⅱ卷•七选五)Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly.
即使是一封正式的电子邮件也好像是冷漠的、不友好的。
12. cver熟义: v.覆盖生义: v.涵盖，包括,涉及;足以支付,够付
(2020•全国卷•听力材料)The language use is gd and the main pints are cvered.
语言运用良好，并涵盖了主要要点。
(2020•新高考I卷•B)Her husband wrked tw jbs t cver the bills.
她丈夫做两份工作来维持开支……
13. curtain 熟义:n.窗帘 生义:n.幕,帷幕
(2020•7月浙江卷•A)The curtains are abut t pen, and in a few minutes the actin and dialgue will tell yu the stry.
帷幕即将拉开，几分钟后，动作和对话将为你讲述这个故事。
14. destry 熟义:vt.破坏 生义: vt.杀死
(2020•新高考I卷•C) f lives have been destryed by the slw drying up f the sea.
……数百万生命因海水的渐渐干涸面逝去。
15. difficult 熟义:adj.困难的 生义: adj.(人)难以讨好的
(2020•全国Ⅲ卷•完形填空)If a custmer is rude r difficult, just think “Maybe she's had a rw with her husband. Maybe her child's nt well.”
如果顾客粗鲁或难缠，就想“也许她和她丈夫吵架了，也许她的孩子身体不好。”
16. draw熟义:vt.画画 生义:vt.引起
(2020•全国Ⅲ卷•B) Already，a number f films ... have drawn the anger f activists wh say the creatures acting in them haven't been treated prperly.
一些电影……已经引起了动物保护主义者的愤怒，他们说在电影中表演的动物没有得到善待。
17. drive熟义:v.开车 生义: vt.迫使，逼迫
(2020•全国I卷•完形填空)It will drive us crazy.它会让我们发疯。
18. eye 熟义:n.眼睛 生义:n.视角
(2020•新高考I卷•C)Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes.
比斯尔先生从西方人的角度巧妙地表达了他的深刻见解和文化借鉴,使他的故事全面展现了乌兹别克斯坦。
19. fair 熟义:adj.公平的生义:n.展销会
(2020•全国Ⅱ卷•D)Spnsr bk fairs.
赞助书展。
20. farm 熟义:n.农场;农舍 生义:vt. 饲养
(2020•7月浙江卷•完形填空)I’ve been farming sheep n a hillside fr 54 years.
我在山坡上养了54年羊。
【知识梳理11】2018-2023高考派生词合成词108例
第一组 巧借词缀推断词义36例
1.[2023·全国甲卷]Our hpe is t have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass thrugh withut learning bad habits.
2.[2023·新高考I卷]If fr whatever reasns, peple’s errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
3.[2023·全国甲卷]Their recvery has been s successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted t de-list grizzlies, which wuld lsen legal prtectins and allw them t be hunted.
4.[2020·新高考I卷]Fllw all rules carefully t prevent disqualificatin.
5.[2020·全国I卷] Are yu hping that eventually yu will feel empwered because yur life is better than theirs?
6.[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]Yet，by learning t live with imperfectin, yu will save yurself headaches and a wastepaper basket full f crumpled (弄皱) paper.
7.[2022·天津6月卷] In the fictinal wrlds f film and TV artificial intelligence(AI) has been described as s advanced that it is indistinguishable frm humans.
8.[2021·全国乙卷]The differences between mst f the grups were statistically insignificant; hwever, the participants in the 70 decibels utperfrmed the ther grups.
9.[2021·天津 3月卷]We begin t see the intercnnectedness f ne thing t anther in all aspects f ur life, f urselves and the universe.
10.[2019·北京卷]This task interdependence distinguishes baseball frm ftball basketball.
11.[2022·新高考1卷] find tday is the prduct f a cmplex interplays f things like bilgical change and cultural evlutin...
12.[2021·北京卷]The clck registers bth shrt-term irregularities and lng trends in river dynamics.
13.[2021·浙江6月卷]It desn’t impress like Gerge Washingtn's plantatin, but Lincln's hme in dwntwn Springheld, Illinis, has prved irresistible t visitrs since it pened t the public.
14.[2022·浙江6月卷] In New Yrk, a multicultural city, students like me are blessed with a chance t wrk with a diverse ppulatin.
15.[2020·全国Ⅲ卷]Fur years ag they all mved int a three-strey Victrian huse in Bristl-ne f a grwing number f multigeneratinal families in the UK living tgether under the same rf.
16.[2021·浙江1月卷] Mrever, the meanings seem t nt g beynd what ther animals cnvey with nn-verbal cmmunicatin.
17.12020·全国Ⅲ卷 In sme cases, it’s nt s much the treatment f the animals n set
in the studi that has activists wrried it’s the ff-set training and living cnditins that are raising cncerns.
18.[2020·北京卷]Since the early days f AI imaginatin has utpaced what is pssible r even prbable.
19.[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷]Participatin in a pst-visit survey is required.
20.[2022·全国乙卷]Last admissin t the exhibitin:17.15. There is n re-admissin.
21.[2020·天津卷]This new start gave me an pprtunity t redefine myself and discver an entirely new versin f " cl".
22.[2022·浙江1月卷]Fr nearly a decade nw, Merebeth has been a self-emplyed pet transprt specialist.
23.[2020·全国I卷]The technlgy, Stran said, culd ne day be used t light the rms r even t turn trees int self-pwered street lamps.
24.[2020·北京卷]In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Gd predicted the eventual creatin f an "ultra-intelligent can far surpass all the intellectual(智力的) activities f any man, hwever clever."
25.[2021·全国甲卷]When cntributins were made by geniuses utside the club-wmen, r peple f a different clr r belief they were unacknwleged and rejected by thers.
26.[2018·北京卷]Fr many, finding an unattended wallet filled with $400 in cash wuld be a surce (来源) f temptatin(诱惑).
27.[2018·浙江卷]Tday Dickens greatness is unchallenged.
28.[2021·全国乙卷]Ecturism is cmmnly regarded as lw impact (影响) travel t undisturbed places.
29.[2022·新高考I卷]We waste fd unintentinally at times.
30.[2022·全国乙卷]T strengthen the cnnectin with yung peple... inviting twenty-nine tea prfessinals frm arund the wrld t have thirty-six hurs f uninterrupted live bradcasts.
31.[2022新高考I卷]The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that were previusly unprtected bringing many f the existing prtected areas fr giant pandas under ne authrity t increase effectiveness and reduce incnsistencies in management.
32.[2022·新高考I卷] Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
33.[2021北京卷] Recently, I cnceptualized a new apprach t timekeeping that's cnnected t circumstances n ur planet...
34.[2022·浙江6月卷] High cnscientiusness is related t lw jb perfrmance...
35.[2021·新高考I卷] The ppularizatin f emtinal intelligence has helped bth the public and researchers re-evaluate the functinality f emtins and hw they serve peple adaptively in everyday life.
36.[2021·新高考I卷] Ppularizatin has in sme cases changed the riginal meaning f emtinal (情感的) intelligence.
【答案速查和提分速记】
1.attract 吸引+-ant +-free 没有……的→attractant-free adj. 没有引诱物的
2.cr-和……一道/一起+related 有联系的一crrelated adj.相互关联的(cr-同cm, m在 r音前同化为r)
3.de-除掉，去掉+list 名单,清单→de-list vt.把……从名单中划去
4.dis-不，非，相反+qualify 使取得资格 +-tin→ disqualificatin n.取消资格
5.em-疏子，使处于某种状态+pwer 能量→empwer.给予……的权力
6.im-不，非+ perfect完美的 +-in imperfectin n.不完美
7.in-不，非+distinguishable可辨认的indistinguishable adj. 不可辨认的
8.①in- 不，非+significant 重要的→insignificant adj.微不足道的
②ut- 超过+perfrm 做，表现→utperfrm v.做得比……好,胜过
9.inter-相互+cnnect联系+-ed+-ness→ intercnnectedness n.互联性
10.inter-相互+depend依赖，依靠+-ence→ interdependence n.相互依赖
11.inter-在……之间+play作用,影响→interplay n.相互影响
12.ir-不，非+regular有规律的+-ity→ irregularity n.无规律的事物
13.ir-不，非+resistible 可抗拒的→irresistible adj. 无法抗拒的
14.multi-多个+culture 文化+-al→ multicultural adj.多元文化的
15.multi-多个+generatin一代人+-al→ multigeneratinal adj.多代的
16.nn- 无，没有+verbal 言语的→nn-verbal adj.非语言的
17.ff-不在……上，离开+set舞台,摄影场→ff-set adj.在拍摄场外的
18.ut-超越,超过+pace 速度→utpace v.(在速度上)超过,比……快
19.pst- 后，以后+visit 访问→pst-visit adj.访问后的
20.re-再，回+admissin 进入→re-admissin n.允许再次进入
21.re- 再，又，重新+define 定义→redefine v.重新定义
22.self- 自身的，对自身+emply 雇用 +-ed→self-emplyed adj.个体经营的，单干的
23.self-自己+pwer 驱动 +-ed→self-pweredadj.自供电的
24.ultra- 极，超过某限度+intelligent 智能的→ultra-intelligent adj.超智能的
25.un-非,不+acknwledge 认可，承认+-ed unacknwledged adj.不被承认的
26.un-非，不+attend照料+-ed→unattended adj.主人不在场的,无人看管的
27.un-非，不+ challenge质疑+-ed→unchallenged adj.不被质疑的
28.un-非，不+disturb 干扰+-ed>undisturbed adj.未被打搅的
29.un-非，不+intentinally故意地→unintentinally adv.无意地
30.un-非，不+interrupt打断+-ed→uninterrupted adj.不间断的
31.①un-未，不+prtect保护+-ed→unprtected adj.未受保护的
②in-不，非+cnsistency一致性→ incnsistency n.不一致
32.un-非，不+thinking思想的,有思考力的+-ly unthinkingly adv.考虑不周地
33.cncept概念 +-ual+-ize→ cnceptualize v.将……概念化
34.cnscientius勤勉认真的+-nesscnscientiusness n.勤勉认真
35.①functin功能+-al+-ity→ functinality n. 功能性
②adapt 适应+-ive+-ly→adaptively adv.适应地
36.ppular普遍的，流行的+-ize+-atin一ppularizatin n.推广，普及
第二组 顾名思义妙猜合成名词12例
1.[2023·新高考Ⅱ卷]These small studies prvide inspiratin and may be a springbard fr mre cmplex wrks in the future.
2.[2022·新高考I卷]These sunds are still nt fund in the languages f many hunter-gatherer peple tday.
3.[2022·全国甲卷]Gffin’s cckats, a kind f small parrt native t Australasia, have been shwn t have similar shape-recgnitin abilities t a human tw-year-ld.
4.[2022·全国甲卷]Where trial-and-errr was used, the cckats did better than mnkeys in similar tests.
5.[2022·浙江1月卷]The dwnturn hit the real estate(房地产)firm where she had wrked fr ten years as an ffice manager.
6.[2022·浙江6月卷]The yung banker wh eats lunch at his desk is prbably seen as a g-getter...
7.[2022·北京卷]He was treated fr frstbite n his hands.
8.[2021·天津3月卷]The drawback t being specialists is we ften cme t knw mre and mre abut less and less.
9.[2020·全国III春] Frm my standpint, it all seems t wrk very well.
10.[2020·浙江卷]Fr all f Bellevue's success, adaptive signals are nt a cure-all fr jammed radways.
11.2018·全国I卷 Everybdy can buy takeaway fd but smetimes we’re nt aware hw cheaply we can make this fd urselves.
12.[2018·全国I卷]In recent centuries, trade, industrialisatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin...
【答案速查和提分速记】
1.spring(跳)+bard(板)→springbard 跳板，基础
2.hunter(狩猎者)+gatherer(采集者) →hunter- gatherer 狩猎采集者
3.shape(形状)+recgnitin(识别)→shape- recgnitin 形状识别
4.trial(试验)+and+errr(错误)→trial-and- errr反复试验，不断摸索
5.dwn(向下)+turn(转变)→dwnturn 下降，衰退
6.g(去)+get(获得)+er→g-getter积极进取的人,实干家
7.frst(严寒天气)+bite(咬)→frstbite冻伤，冻疮
8.draw(拉)+back(向后)→扯后腿的事物→ drawback 缺点，不利条件
9.stand(站)+pint(地点)→standpint 立场，观点
10.cure(治愈)+all(一切)→cure-all 万灵药, 灵丹妙药
11.take(带走)+away(离开)→takeaway 外卖食品，外卖餐馆
12.natin(民族)+state(国家)natin-stale单一民族的独立国家合成词
第三组 顾名思义妙猜合成动词 8例
1.[2023·全国乙卷] The Chinese cach transfrmed Duglas int ne f the best gymnasts in the wrld, helping her skyrcket frm an average member f the natinal team t the tp f the sprt.
2.[2022·全国甲卷]As Ginni Bazlintn reached Antarctica, she fund herself greeted by a grup f little Gent penguins(企鹅)lnging t say hell. These gentle, lvely gatekeepers welcmed her and kick-started what was t be a trip Ginni wuld never frget.
3.[2021·全国甲卷]It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part f the blame fr getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmnt Empress Htel in Victria, Canada.
4.[2021·北京卷]One's ptential cannt always be underrated.
5[2021·北京卷]Anyne wh cnsiders river time in relatin t atmic time will encunter a majr imbalance and may be mtivated t cunteract it by cnsuming less fuel r supprting greener plicies.
6.[2020全国Ⅱ卷]Unusual fashin shws in New Orleans and Brklyn have shwcased nutria fur made int clthes in different styles.
7.[2019-全国I卷]The likables’ plays-well-with-thers qualities strengthen schlyard friendships, jump-start interpersnal skills and...
8.[2019·全国Ⅱ卷]When we gt a call saying she was shrt-listed, we thught it was a jke.
【答案速查和提分速记】
1.sky(天空)+rcket(火箭)→skyrcket急升，猛升
2.kick(踢)+start(开始)→用脚时启动kick-start 促使……开始，使(项目)尽快启动
3.black(黑色的)+list(名单)一blacklist黑名单,此处作动词,表示"把……列人黑名单
4.under-(不足,未)+rate(评价,评估)
5.cunter-(反对，对立)+act(行为，们 cunteract 抵制，抵消
6.shw(展示)+case(事实)→shwcase 展示
7.jump(跳)+start(开始)→jump-start 全力启动,加快开展
8.shrt(简短的)+list(名单)→shrt-list入围名单,此处作动词,表示"把……列入人围名单"
第四组 顾名思义妙猜合成形容词 43例
1.[2023·全国甲卷] It tk weeks and it was backbreaking wrk, but I knw he was prud f my skills.
2.[2022·新高考I卷] A grund-breaking, five-year study shws that diet-related changes in human bite led t new speech sunds that are nw fund in half the wrld's languages.
3.[2022·全国甲卷] It’s jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away...
4.[2022新高考II卷] The technlgy culd determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed r dne anything else that is nt allwed under New Yrk’s hands-free driving laws.
5.[2022·新高考Ⅱ卷] The secnd grup did high-intensity aerbic exercise under the guidance f a trainer fr fur r mre days a week.
6.[2022·全国乙卷] A hair-raising sectin cncerns the building f the railrads, which entailed(牵涉) drilling thrugh the Rckies ften in blinding snwstrms.
7.[2022全国乙卷] Drnes are already being used t examine high-tensin electrical lines.
8.[2022·全国乙卷] Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and mst alchlic drinks are free f the tax...
9.[2022全国乙卷] It is a shrt-sighted decisin.
10.[2022·全国甲卷]A visually-challenged man frm Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days t Xi’an, as a first step t jurney the Belt and Rad rute(路线) by ft.
11.[2022·浙江1月卷] I’ve always been independent-spirited and 1 just feel strngly that I must help animals.
12.[2022·浙江1月卷] She earns a basic and tax-free salary.
13.[2022·浙江6月卷] Subjects wh practiced the language mderately befrehand made few errrs than thse wh practiced extensively r nt at all.
14.[2022·浙江6月卷] Markman als prmtes ff-task time.
15.[2022·天津6月卷] Older Western philsphers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact...
16.[2022·北京卷] Peer(同伴) Assisted Study Sessins (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning prgram available t students enrlled(注册) in mst cre units f study in ur business schl.
17.[2021全国乙卷] He builds massive sculptures ut f plastic garbage, frcing viewers t re-examine their relatinship t single-use plastic prducts.
18.[2021·新高考1卷]It's ne f the best-rated hstels in the city, and fr gd reasn.
19.[2021·新高考1卷]Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage.
20.[2021·新高考1卷]Research has shwn that emtinal skills may cntribute t sme f these qualities, but mst f them mve far beynd skill-based emtinal intelligence.
21.[2021·新高考I卷] What is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
22.[2021-浙江6月卷]Seeking ther like-minded suls, hwever, Paul started lking in a smewhat unlikely place: nline.
23.[2021浙江6月卷]Any small interruptin--a price check, a chatty custmer—can have dwnstream effects, hlding up an entire line.
24.[2021·北京卷] Of curse, if yu are a nn-human species, cllapse is well underway.
25.[2021·天津3 月卷] Knwing a little abut a lt f things that interest yu can add t the richness f a whle, well-lived life.
26.[2020全国I卷]In the future, the team hpes t develp a versin f the technlgy that can be sprayed nt plant leaves in a ne-ff treatment that wuld last the plant's lifetime.
27.[2020·全国I卷]Mdel Paige Mrgan says, "T give peple a guilt-free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them..."
28.[2020·全国Il卷] In this case, ne f a realistie-lking ape.
29.[2020·全国II卷] A grup f sea-dwelling peple in Sutheast Asia have evlved int better divers.
30.[2020·新高考I卷] Mr Bissell skillfully rganizes histrical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-runded picture f Uzbekistan, seen frm Western eyes.
31.[2020北京卷] At the cre f Lancm is a wrld-class effective methd that enhances language learning with advanced technlgy.
32.[2020·北京卷]In 2015，scientists discvered that a 10th-century English medicine fr eye prblems culd kill a drug-resistant virus.
33.[2020·天津卷]A full-length pse wuld be much t big a prject fr a yung wman yur size.
34.[2019·全国I卷] The researchers say that the keybard shuld be pretty straightfrward t cmmercialize and is mstly made f inexpensive plastic-like parts.
35.[2019·全国I卷]Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial psychlgy.
36.[2019·全国Ⅲ卷]Hwever, within a few years, street sales f newspapers wuld be cmmnplace in eastern cities.
37.2019·全国Ⅲ卷]Participate in discussin frums(论坛),blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue.
38.[2019·浙江卷]Which f the fllwing is well-intentined but may be bad fr big trees?
39.[2019·天津卷]T many peple, technlgy means cmputers, hand-held devices, r vehicles that travel t distant planets.
40.[2019·天津卷] fund almst 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blwing nisemakers and singing a full-thrated happy birthday t him.
41.[2018·全国I卷]They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.
42.[2018·全国Ⅱ卷] the gvernment started a sil-testing prgram that gives specific fertilizer recmmendatins t farmers...
43.[2018·天津卷]Currently, mst ingredients must be changed t a paste(糊状物) befre a printer can use them, and the printing prcess is quite time-cnsuming because ingredients interact with each ther in very cmplex ways.
【答案速查和提分速记】
1.①back(背部)+break(使折断)+-ing→ backbreaking 非常繁重的，吃力的
2.①grund(地)+break(打破)+-ing→打破地面的→grund-breaking 开辟新天地的,开拓性的
②diet(日常饮食)+related(相关的)→diet- related 日常饮食相关的
3.jaw(下巴)+drp(使掉下) +-ing→使下巴掉下的→jaw-drpping 令人大惊失色的
4.hand(手) +free(自由的)→不需要用手拿的→hands-free 不需用手操作的
5.high(高的)+intensity(强度)high-intensity高强度的
6.hair(毛发)+raise(使直立)+-ing→hair- raising使人毛骨悚然的，惊险的
7.high(高的)+tensin(电压)→high-tensin高压的
8.milk(奶)+-based(以……为重要部分的)一 milk-based 以奶为重要部分的
9.shrt(短的)+-sighted(有……视力的)→ shrt-sighted目光短浅的,无远见的
10.visually(视觉地)+challenged(伤残的)→visually-challenged 视觉有缺陷的
11.independent(独立的)+-spirited(有某种精神的)→independent-spirited 精神独立的12.tax(税)+-free(没有……的)→tax-free 免税的
13.befre(在……之前)+hand(手)→先下手→befrehand 预先，事先
14.ff(不在……上，离开)+task(任务)→ ff-task非任务的
15.main(主要的)+stream(溪流)→mainstream主流的
16.peer(同伴)+facilitate(促进)+-ed→peer-facilitated 同伴促进的
17.single(单个的)+use(使用)→single-use供一次使用的
18.best(最好)+rate(评价,评估)+-ed→best- rated 评价最高的
19.up(向上)+and+cming(即将到来)→向上的状态即将到来→up-and-cming 有前途的
20.skill(技能)+-based(以……为基础的)→skill-based 基于技能的
21.breath(呼吸)+take(带走)+-ing→能够带
走人呼吸的→breathtaking 激动人心的,令人赞叹的
22.like(相似的)+-minded(思维……的)→ like-minded 想法相同的,志趣相投的
23.dwn(向下)+stream(小河，溪)→顺着河流向下的→dwnstream 引发的，导致的
24.under(在……过程中)+way(路线，道路)→underway已经开始,进行
25.well(好地)+live(生活，过日子)→well-lived 美好的
26.ne(一)+ff(不会再发生)→neff一次性的
27.guilt(内疚，罪责)+-free(没有……的)→guilt-free 没有负罪感的
28.realistic(逼真的，栩栩如生的)+lking(相貌)→realistic-lking 相貌逼真的
29.sea(海)+dwell(居住)+-ing→sea-dwelling在海上居住的
30.well(非常)+runded(全面的)→well-runded 全面的
31.wrld(世界)+class(等级，级别)→wrld-class 世界级的，世界一流的
32.drug(药)+-resistant(耐……的)→drug-resistant 耐药的
33.full(最大量的)+-length(有……长度的)→full-length 全身的
34.straight(直接地)+frward(向前)→直接向前,没有曲折→straightfrward 简单的
35.well(充分地)+explre(调查研究,探究) +-ed→well-explred 充分研究的
36.cmmn(普遍的)+place(地方)→cmmnplace 普遍的
37.pen(开放的)+end(终点)+-ed→pen-ended 无限制的,自由的
38.well(好)+-intentined(……意图的)→well-intentined 出于好心的,善意的
39.hand(手)+hld(拿，握)→hand-held 手提式的,便携式的
40.full(最大量的)+-thrated(喉部……的)→full-thrated 声音洪亮的
41.n(根据，按照)+demand(需要)→n-demand按需的，点播的
42.sil(土壤)+test(检测)+-ing-sil-resting检测土壤的
43.time(时间)+cnsume(消耗)+-ing→time-cnsuming 耗时间的,费时的
临考心理篇
【临考心理篇1】冲刺阶段英语怎么复习备考
一、旧错屡犯，成绩难提高
这种现象的产生是因为不少同学没有从错题中总结经验，没有找出犯错的根本原因，而是一味认为自己没有记住。其实，有些错误的产生是因为错误思维造成的。
解决办法：分析错题、追根求源，反思错题、塞翁失马。
二、不注意知识系统化
不把知识系统化，是复习效益低下的最根本原因之一。没有系统，就难有头绪，各知识间就彼此孤立，各部分内容复习到什么火候，哪些地方过关了，哪些地方还是薄弱环节，心中无数。
解决办法：第一轮复习完后，应在各知识点梳理的基础上，找出各知识点间和方法间的有机联系，形成知识网络。通过简洁的归纳，不仅可梳理这一部分知识，更重要的是对今后做那些有难度的题目提供一种可行的解题思路。
关键词：梳理知识、形成线索，串联线索、结成网络。
三、据个人喜好下工夫
许多考生学科发展不平衡，对某个学科感兴趣，或者对感兴趣的老师所任教的学科格外用功，成绩突飞猛进。但是对不喜欢的科目漠不关心，成绩无法提高，学科间的差距越来越大。
解决办法：这是高考，要的是结果，过程有时候必须痛苦！要提高总分，在弱势学科或平时不太感兴趣的学科上多下工夫，就更实在，更明智。由于效果的激励，对它的兴趣也逐步提高，只要持之以恒，现状会得到改观。
关键词：优势学科、稳步提高，弱势学科、强行入轨。
四、没找到适合自己的方法
有的考生在高考复习中，不可谓不努力，但成绩就是上不去，就是因为没找到适合自己的方法。
解决办法：首先要明确看书和做题的三重境界。
看书的第一重境界是“记”，就是记住书上所讲的概念、定理、公式，明白有关知识的意义。第二重境界是“联”，就是将现在所学习的知识与已经学过的知识联系起来，整理知识组成系统。第三重境界就是“用”，就是所学的知识用到解题中，只有会用的才算真正的掌握。
解题的第一重境界是“解”，就是想尽一切办法解决当前问题。第二重境界是“思”，就是解题后的回顾和反思，总结解题经验和方法。第三重境界是“归”，就是获得的知识经验与书本知识联系起来，回归到书本上去。
如果提升到第三重境界练习，看书时多想应用，设想应用这些知识的情形，并辅之配套练习，做题时多想课本，建立习题与书本知识的联系，这样就获得了学习的真经。
五、患得患失，考前心态失衡
高考临近，有些考生精神过度紧张，甚至病倒。
解决办法：考前要防止两个极端的做法，一是彻底放松，破坏了长期形成的生物钟，会适得其反。另一个就是挑灯夜战，加班加点，导致考前过度疲劳，临考时打不起精神。建议考生，休息调整是必要的，但必须是微调，特别要把兴奋状态逐步调整到上午9：00-11：30，下午3：00-5：00。考前要注意合理饮食，进考场后就要信心百倍，即使遇到困难也不要慌张。另外，进入考场适度紧张是正常的也是必要的，因为它有利于激情的产生，千万不能因此而引起不必要的慌张。
关键词：调整心态、保持平衡，放松心情、缓解疲劳，合理饮食起居，亦张亦弛。
六、不注重抓学科体系重点
有些同学希望各个学科、各个知识点面面俱到地学，最终的结果却是样样都想抓，样样抓不牢。
解决办法：当基础知识和方法复习一轮以后，我们应该抓住重点来学。这里的重点，一方面要注意重点学科的学习，差的学科上升空间大，应予以重视，促进学科间平衡。另一方面，要理清学科内的重点内容，进行强化训练，力争触类旁通，形成能力。再一方面，各个知识板块中的重点内容，要能够在知识梳理过程中，有所把握，高质高量地练几道，不贪多，只求精，精益求精。还有，对重要的方法也要作为复习重点，争取以少胜多，举一反三。
关键词：合理取舍，深化重点、追踪热点、有的放矢。
七、学习计划不合理
有些同学糊里糊涂地过日子，摸摸这个，碰碰那个，或者完全从兴趣出发，或者干脆将学习任务堆积起来，一直拖到不得不完成为止，但这时新的任务又来了，无所适从！
解决办法：复习计划可以分为三种。其一是阶段性计划，即对一个时间段的学习的大体安排。其二是短期计划，常常可以理解为周计划，考生可以非常具体地设定自己的时间安排，它具有很强的操作性，制定好后，严格执行，不轻易改动，只有这样才能取得预期的效果。第三是即时性计划，即通常说的日计划，它是对现实时间的安排，完全控制一天的时间，知道自己相当短的时间内要做哪些事情，回头一看，应觉得今天很充实，效率很高。
关键词：分段计划、科学有序，保证落实，严格执行。
八、喜欢钻偏难怪题
许多同学认为攻坚阶段，就是需要大量偏、难、怪的题目才能显示水平，才能拿下高考中的“压轴题”。
解决办法：只有牢固掌握常规思维，常规方法，才能以不变应万变，即使是尖子生，花费很多的时间钻研偏、难、怪题也不是一个好现象。
关键词：重视双基、淡化偏怪，针对训练，重点专练。
九、不善于总结归纳
这种症状的产生，归根结底还是题海战术导致的后果。拼命做题，认为做多了，接触的面广了，题型见得多了，方法总会练到的。题海茫茫，能做完吗？效率太低，效益太差。
解决办法：复习中，我们应该总结归纳知识系统；也要总结归纳存在问题，形成错题档案；又要归纳解题方法，如归纳某些问题的共同解题思路，并总结某种方法能够解决相关的问题，和某个经典问题多种解题途径；并要归纳不同知识内在联系和相近知识的本质区别，把知识学透，把方法用活。
关键词：由表及里，总结得失、总结方法、举一反三。
十、题目做得越多越好
许多同学漫无目的做题，做得麻木了，效果也就差了。有时，基本的东西还模棱两可，没有过关，经过大量做题后，巩固了或默认了某种不正确的认识，反而有害无益。
解决办法：只有基础知识了如指掌，深刻理解了，做题才是有效的。要多做些基础题，但基础题一定要强调落实，动笔写出，特别要注意规范的表述。
关键词：回归基础、精选练习、持之以恒，量力而行。
【临考心理篇2】高考倒计时即将清零，要有怎样的心理准备
临近高考，部分同学开始出现焦虑情绪，担心复习难以进入佳境，睡眠质量一般，高考发挥不好，考不上自己理想中的大学等。甚至有同学认为，自己状态不好也就罢了，别人的状态却非常好，到时候全班会不会就自己考不上？
心理学研究表明，面临重大事件时，每个人都会出现压力等紧张焦虑情绪。这些情绪其实是合理和正常的，不会只出现在一个人身上，所以不要过度担忧，把它们当成正常情绪就可以了。
影响高考发挥的三种因素
影响高考发挥的因素很多，其中影响最大的有三种：学习实力、考试技巧及心理暗示。
要注意的是，有些考生在临近考试时，彻底不复习了，这是不可取的。即使临近高考，也要坚持以最好的状态投入复习，查缺补漏，夯实实力基础。
先易后难、注意时间分配、整体把控、仔细审题、学会变通等老生常谈的考试技巧，是高考正常发挥或超常发挥的重要保障。
知识是“硬件”，心态是“软件”。越临近考试的时候，心态越关键。积极的心理暗示、良好的考前和考中状态是高考发挥的关键所在。
怎么调节考前心态？
方法一：自我质辩法
考试过程中感受到紧张时，首先要积极的寻找自己紧张的原因，可以采用自我质辩法，如：我为什么害怕考试？谁没有经历过考试啊？考试并不是针对自己一个人的啊？看来不是考试使自己紧张，而是自己使自己紧张。……高考是人生的重要体验，对个人心态也是一次大检阅，通过自我质辩捋清捋顺想法和情绪很重要。
方法二：自我清零法
大考临近，把自己头脑中与考试无关的信息清零处理，做到六个不想：不想前不想后，不想高不想低，不想好不想坏，不对考试结果患得患失，而是关注过程，查缺补漏实现突破。
方法三：自我暗示法
心理暗示有积极的也有消极的，高考前积极的自我心理暗示可以有效地调节考试状态，可以自己对自己说：思维流畅，发挥正常！思维流畅，发挥超常！
方法四：中断法
当紧张焦虑情绪出现时，自己对自己说：停！中断消极想法，你自己给自己建造一个强大的阻隔墙，把消极情绪阻隔在墙外。
方法五：转移法
当自己有了紧张焦虑的想法时，还可以迅速转移自己的注意力，看看绿色植物，看看曾经做得很漂亮的试卷，读读英语，写写数学公式等，以此转移消极情绪。
方法六：降级法
高考适度焦虑是正常的，如果对高考一点感觉都没有，过于淡定那也不可取，如果你觉得高考是“老虎级焦虑”，你可以做降级处理，充其量把高考当作“野猫级焦虑”，这样就在你的承受范围内了。
方法七：冥想法
用你的两根食指分别轻塞双耳，双目微闭，坚持3-5分钟，愿意想什么就想什么，当然最好是想美事儿。
方法八：十指挤压法
把双手的十指一一对应，然后用力挤压，重心落在指尖上。这个动作很优雅，不像搓手捏拳手那样很紧张，而且十指挤压可以切实缓解身心紧张。做做十指挤压，可以有效缓解考前紧张情绪，让你平静地进入考场；如果进入考场后仍然紧张，可以放下笔，花一分钟时间再次做做十指挤压，配合深呼吸，让自己情绪平复了再开始答题。
方法九：食疗法。
高考前和高考中最需要生活平常化，平时的作息时间和食谱不要刻意更改，但可以适当考虑吃一些橙子、苹果等水果，也可以根据个人喜好喝牛奶、吃鸡蛋，可以适当吃一点甜食。重要的是，可以想心中所想，一想起这种自己喜爱的美食，就让你情绪愉悦，紧张情绪也随之烟消云散。
最后，预祝各位考生高考大吉，取得自己满意的成绩！
考场注意篇
【考场注意篇】做好万全准备，决胜考场
高考英语规范答题八大提醒
一、考试进场宜早不宜晚
1. 确保8号中午午休半小时下午状态最佳。
2. 牢记8号下午2:30进场，2:45不能进场。
3. 听力之后按照自己最熟悉做题顺序进行。
4. 穿最喜欢衣服，适当保暖防止空调低温。
二、听力不听必涂策略（适合高考听力作为参考省份）
1. 结合个人实际听力未必要听但一定记住涂卡。
2. 建议前8题认真倾听，后边可以随机选择B。
3. 听力期间能否作答其余试题视考场氛围而定。
4. 总成绩相同排序原则是按语文数学英语听力。
三、高考听力满分策略（适合高考听力计入总分省份）
1. 建议中午试听2023年新高考听力1-2遍预热。
2. 要跳过听力说明提前预览选项预判听力内容。
3. 个别地方没有听清楚不要纠结学会快速转场。
4. 听力结束后快速涂卡检查为后续奠定好基础。
四、阅读理解满分策略
1. 遵循自前而后，先易后难，不好处理不妨跳过。
2. 结合题干回归原文找答题区间，留下做题痕迹。
3. 遇到两个纠结选项时注意结合题干选项抠字眼。
4. 相信第一感觉不轻易更改答案，除非确实错误。
五、阅读理解七选五满分策略
1. 要注意通读全文把握大意，有标题要善加利用。
2. 留意挖空位置和前后逻辑， 学会瞻前顾后作答。
3. 重视词语复现和代词逻辑，避免答案交叉错误。
4. 段中句频率高难度大易出错，重视前后句逻辑。
六、完形填空满分策略
1. 通读第一遍大意模糊不妨再读一遍则其义自现。
2. 有疑问选项做好标记，最后集中精力重点突破。
3. 瞻前顾后，逻辑贯通，重视词语复现前后照应。
4. 熟词生义联想熟义，涂卡后防止错涂漏涂串行。
五、语法填空满分策略
1. 考前注意复习不规则动词以及名词形容词转换。
2. 动词变形三方向谓语时态语态非谓语词类转换。
3. 重视一次变形和同一考点不重复考查两个理念。
4. 自由填空以介冠连代为主，做题留痕重视搭配。
六、短文改错满分策略
1. 注意先通读全文把握大意，发现一些明显错误。
2. 逐句阅读，行句结合，遵循“118”设题规律。
3. 实词考查动名形副，虚词考查介冠连代要铭记。
4. 向规范要分数，千方百计也要凑够10个错误。
七、应用文写作满分策略
1. 练就衡中体，高度宽度倾斜度统一饱满圆润。
2. 三段式结构，首段点题次段条理清尾段照应。
3. 正确优先，必要时学会迂回变通不熟悉单词。
4. 熟背各类书信体及通知活动报道类高频句式。
八、读后续写满分策略
1. 快读材料把握大意，圈划关键细节确定主旨。
2. 利用两个段首句谋划段落走向和细节性衔接。
3. 刻意使用无灵主语独立主格结构非谓语倒装。
4. 重视结尾紧扣文章主题升华主旨及卷面颜值。
高考考场十大答题技巧
一、难题先跳过，手热好得分
考生如果遇到开考时不顺，不要在个别题目上多做纠缠，建议果断跳过这些题目往后面做，其实大脑也像机器，需要预热!在我们思路打开之后，答题会很顺利，之前拿不准的题也很好上手。
二、开头最易错，回头可救分
“基础题得分和丢分都很容易。”越容易的题越要仔细。不能出现会而不对，会而不全的错误。
特别是做选择题时，建议无论题目多么简单，都要保证做完后再检查一遍，确保会做的题目不出错。
三、时间很宝贵，掐表做综合
对于综合考试的时间，一定要学会合理分配时间。
综合科目的答题没必要刻意按照统一的答题模式，但最好分学科进行，不交叉答题。答题顺序，应该是先做自己最拿手的科目。
四、审题别偷懒，用时别吝啬
“如果考生不集中精力仔细审题，一不留神就丢分。”建议考生，要留意题目的所有条件，不要小看题干中的每个隐含条件和细节，尤其是文科综合更是重在审题。因为文科综合里的选择题干扰项特别多。建议考生高考答题就算遇到再熟悉的题目，也要坚持把题目审完再做答。
五、相信第一感，改动需谨慎
第一感觉很重要，尤其是语文、英语两科。没有十足的把握，不要轻易改动。作文写作时，应该打草稿，一旦确定了基本框架和思路，就一路写下去，不要做大段修改、调整。
六、步骤写清楚，分分要计较
解答题给分方式是“分步给分”，题目再难，每个题目中的条件总是可以推导出结论，实在不行，写出题中应该用到的公式，也可能有得分点。尤其是数学和物理考试中，很多大题是按照步骤给分的。
七、答题看规则，草稿要规范
打草稿也应注意技巧，特别是理科考生打草稿千万不要马虎。最好也排好顺序并在草稿边写上题号，同时也要简单写下计算公式和计算过程。这样检查时，考生能快速的检查答题思路及过程。
八、字迹要工整，书写颜值高
书写也是最容易导致失分的非智力因素。特别是文科考生，答题书写量很大，有时字迹潦草不清，会影响评卷效果，如果涉及到得分点，很可能因此而失分。
九、积极暗示多，发挥易超常
考生如果进入考场无法平静，建议考生先深呼吸三秒，一定要多做点放松式的心理暗示。相信我们经过平时的训练，考生已对各种类型的题目做过反复准备。碰到难题时，要相信自己，回忆一下平时有关的训练题目，可能会有意想不到的收获。
十、保持好心态，平常心对待
高考前，考生肯定已经经历过很多次统考、模考、校考，建议考生临场不要慌乱，保持良好的心态。用平常心对待考试，最能正常发挥，甚至超常发挥。
考后疏导篇
【考后疏导篇1】七种方法舒缓高考后心理压力
一、找上大学的人聊聊
他们都是参加过高考的人，跟他们聊聊，说说你的压力，也许他们能够给你指点迷津，能够给你一些启示。你想知道高考是怎么样的?你想知道大学是怎样的?你想知道考上了大学的感觉是怎么样的?你想知道别人参加高考的状态是怎么样的?你想说出你的痛苦，找到迷惑的答案，释放你的压力?那么找他们聊聊吧。
二、孩子做做按摩
建议家长每天给孩子做做按摩。按摩是促进家长和孩子体验家庭温暖和归属的互动，妈妈的怀抱、爸爸的力量会让孩子感到心理的放松，在按摩过程中，有一种快乐、温馨的感觉。这种交流，会把孩子从焦虑和挫败的感觉里，恢复到享受家庭的安全感。
三、运动减压法
科学的安排生活、体力劳动与脑力劳动有机结合，劳逸结合有助于减轻压力，及时消除疲劳，同时还会有效转移考生的注意力。对于长时段、高强度的脑力劳动，更应该进行有益而适宜的体育运动，以此减轻紧张度。
四、转移减压法
有意识的转移注意力是减轻心理压力的有效途径。针对精神长期高度紧张的状况，家长应帮助考生学会自我调试，及时放松自己，如家长在高考放假期间和高考期间有意找一个佩服考生并且与考生关系相对密切的好友来陪伴他，这样不论聊天或参加各种体育活动等都可以适当转移他的注意力，另外泡泡热水澡、与家人聊聊天、双休日抽出一些时间出游，还可以利用各种方式宣泄自己压抑、忐忑的情绪等等。
五、学会自我觉察
考试发挥失常、考前睡不着、脑袋一片空白、对考试有莫名的恐惧感，都属于高原期的反应。缓解的办法还可以学习心理学里比较棒的办法——自我觉察，就是止住任何使考生紧张着急的事情或想法。这招屡试不爽，很有用，考生需要花一定精力去做。
六、睡眠消除法
事实证明，很多临考学生的“考试焦虑”是由于学习过度疲劳、睡眠不足引起的。针对这种情况，广大临考中学生朋友一般不易“夜半挑灯”苦读，要养成中午小睡的习惯。因为良好的、充足的睡眠可以消除大脑疲劳，换取充沛的精力和清醒的头脑。充足的睡眠是从容应考的前提，也是克服考试焦虑情绪行之有效的方法。
七、音乐疗法
缓解高考压力最简单的方法就是音乐疗法。音乐能影响人的情绪行为和生理机能，不同节奏的音乐能使人放松，使人的生理、心理节律发生良性的变化。如：圣洁、高贵的音乐，可使人净化灵魂、境界开阔;速度较缓的音乐给人以安全感、舒适感;清澈、高雅、透明的古典音乐，可以增进人们的记忆力、注意力;浪漫的音乐，可激起人们恻隐、怜悯之心;流行音乐，可使人感情投入;时尚音乐，可释放心声。
考后释压，从“心”出发
期待已久的高考已经结束啦，无论结果是否理想，每位同学都为此付出了很多，为你们的努力点赞！
成绩出来后，几家欢喜几家愁，一些同学的情绪可能会有所起伏，出现自责、焦虑、否定自己等心理。那么如何做才能合理地自我调试，正确看待和解读成绩呢？心理老师给大家带来了“考后心理调适指南”！
接纳情绪，适度宣泄
面对考试结果，同学们或许会体验到这些负面情绪，如兴奋、高兴，情绪低落、迷茫困惑等。这些情绪体验都是正常的，不要害怕，它们也有其积极意义。
接纳自己的情绪，无需过于排斥，这些都是我们真实的感受，是人生旅途中的一部分，而且适度的焦虑紧张也有利于我们更好地投入到未来的学习中~
可以尝试以下几种方式来进行适度宣泄：通过在合适的场所大哭、找人倾诉、唱歌、运动。
理智分析，合理归因
归因方式是指人们对于当前结果的原因解释。面对考试的成功与失败，除了学会理性地看待，科学合理的归因方式也极为重要。
当我们把考试的成功和失败归结于自己选择的学习方法、付出的时间和精力这些可以由我们自己掌控的因素时，可以增加我们的学习动力，增强对考试结果的控制感，是最积极的归因方式。
这样的归因方式能够鼓励我们遇到难题或者挫折的时候再努力一把，只要尽力而为，就会有所收获。就算考试失败了，也能够从自身内部找到根源，重新调整自己，提升自己的知识储备！
悦纳自我，向阳而生
自信心对人的发展有着至关重要的作用，是一个人成长过程中不可缺少的重要心理品质。一场失败的考试本身就容易打击自身的自信心，如果再一味地指责、贬低自己，会容易让自己陷入自卑的深渊。
每个人都是独一无二的，都有自己的闪光点，正在等待着我们去发现。我们要试着学会完全地接纳自己，包括自己的优点和不足，学会欣赏自己，才能自信且出色地发挥自身的才能和潜力。
目标合理，扬帆进步
通过高考，可以加深对自己学习方面的了解，在此基础之上，去设定合理且贴近自身情况的目标，制定详细可行的学习计划，充分利用身边的资源。这些资源可能是来自同学的帮助，也可能是来自老师的指导，又或者是来自家长的经验~
在所有的学习计划中，挑选一个最小、最容易的，今天就让它起步吧！哪怕只是小小的一步，都标志着你离自己的目标又近了一步。
凡是过往，皆为序章，比起过去的失败，更重要的是保持平常心，总结经验，立足于当下的每分每秒，继续奋发前进。建议空闲时间做好估分和专业兴趣测试，为下步报志愿选专业做好准备。祝你成功！
【考后疏导篇2】考后提醒：高考结束适当娱乐可以放松不可放纵
高考结束，无论结果怎样，这一关已过去，随之而来的是各种放松，甚至是“报复性”的疯狂释放。心理专家提醒，高考后放松应把握尺度，不可太过放纵。
高考结束后，曾经被试卷和各种复习资料紧密排满的日子瞬间改变，许多考生陷入了迷茫状态。
在这段漫长的等待高考成绩公布的日子里，考生如果没有良好的心态、没有良好的生活安排，有的可能会陷入紧张恐慌的情绪中，有的还可能把所有事情抛诸脑后、纵情放纵。而良好的心理状态可以帮助考生合理安排自己的生活、健康向上地面对生活、积极负责地为自己的未来做准备。
01 三种常见不理性心理
放纵型心理
这类考生在考生群体中占到相当大的比例。他们认为高考结束便意味着自己熬到头了，所以得好好犒劳一下自己，弥补一下自己这么多年来的艰辛，因此毫无节制地玩。也有一些家长有弥补心态，纵容孩子的这种行为，因此此类现象愈演愈烈。有些考生因此染上一些不良习惯，严重的还会误入歧途，每年都出现几起乐极生悲的情况，要引起重视。
提醒：放松不等于放纵
考生在高考后可以采取适当方式放松心情，做一些自己喜欢的事情，但不应该放纵，不能整天吃喝玩乐、颠倒黑白、夜不归宿。家长首先要理解孩子，确实需要放松，但也要提醒孩子注意饮食和作息规律，放松不等于放纵，火山爆发式的压力释放易导致身体不适等不良后果。
抑郁型心理
有的同学高考后感觉自己发挥得不是很理想。 这类考生的表现是吃不好、睡不好，情绪低落，有些还伴随出现强迫思维、强迫行为，自怨自责，很容易走入心理误区，甚至由于性格突变暴躁，让人觉得难以理喻，与家人争执中情绪一触即发，严重的会出现轻生念头，甚至采取轻生行为。
提醒：考生要理性面对现实
这包括两方面，第一是认识到高考已经结束，成绩是自己文化水平、心理素质、临场发挥等因素的综合结果，不管最后结果如何，都要接受这一现实；第二是不要怕别人说。学会主动和别人沟通，把自己负面的情绪表达出来，和父母、亲朋好友沟通。适度的自我内心暴露是宣泄负面情绪的好方法。
茫然型心理
有的同学发觉自己无所事事，心里空落落的，每天无所适从。往日充实的学习生活一下云消雾散，仿佛一下子就失去了目标，找不到自己的方向。这是一种茫然型心理。许多考生从原来紧张的高考学习中一下子放松下来后，会出现一段真空状态，尤其在等待分数或在填报完志愿后，在等待录取结果中可能会经历这种感觉。
提醒：设法转移注意力
可以适当做一些自己感兴趣的事情转移注意力。比如旅行，在旅行中放松身心，交流思想；进修外语，有的学生打算出国，可以利用暑假进修外语，为出国做好过渡和准备，即使不打算出国，进修外语也可以为大学通过英语四六级奠定不错的基础；学做家务，上大学后面临的是自己打理生活，任何事情都要靠自己解决，可以利用假期学习做家务，如做饭等，为大学中独立生活排除后顾之忧。
02“过来人”经验谈：高考后做这些，让孩子未来入学事半功倍
经验一：提前做足填报志愿的功课
故事：回忆起自己当年高考填报志愿的经历，谭飞龙用“冲动的代价”来形容。
原来，谭飞龙经历过两次高考，其原因并不是因为第一次落榜，而是因为志愿没填好。
当时他的分数远远超过了一本分数线，因为在高考前主要精力都放在考试复习上，他根本没有认真考虑过自己想学的专业以及今后的职业规划。
进入大学后，谭飞龙渐渐地发现自己对所学并不感兴趣。
于是，谭飞龙在经过一段时间的深思熟虑后，做出了一个勇敢的决定——放弃学习，来年重新参加高考。
经验谈：
高考结束只是高中毕业的一个阶段性结束，要想走好未来的路，还有更重要的环节——填志愿。
高考志愿的填报决定了今后所学的专业，甚至于今后的职业生涯。因此绝对不能一时冲动，更不能把决定权交给家长。
在高考结束后到填报志愿这段宝贵时间里，不妨多花点心思认真思考一下自己对哪些专业、哪些学校感兴趣。
确定几所学校后，再通过网络及相关资料查阅一下相关的信息，前期的功课做得越详实越好，这样才能在填报高考志愿时做到胸有成竹。
经验二：给自己做一张“最长暑假”的计划表
故事：罗浩毕业于桂林逸仙中学，由于自己平时做事也缺乏计划性，所以在高考完的暑假里，他过得有点昏昏糊糊。
“每天睡到中午，醒来后抱着电脑玩玩游戏，有时候甚至可以一整天不下床。”——就这样，罗浩在混沌中度过了高考后的两个多月，直到大学准备开学了才发现自己还有太多东西没有准备。
罗浩说，后来上大学后，他与同学交流才发现，别人的“最长暑假”可以安排得多彩而有意义。
“有的同学早早就做了计划安排，按照从南到北的顺序，去了好几个城市旅游，增长了不少见识；有的同学利用暑假学了不少技能，比如，学车、学做菜、学书法等，还有的同学去外国人开的小店打工，练就了一口流利的英语口语……”
罗浩说，相比之下，他感觉自己的暑假过得很“颓废”。
经验谈：
高考过后的假期，从6月一直延续到9月，差不多有3个月的时间，可以说是“一生中最长的暑假”。
在这段时间里，放松休闲的同时不要忘了给自己做一张计划表，不管你是计划宅在家里看几本梦想已久的小说，还是来一场说走就走的旅行，或者利用难得的时间走入社会，体验一下生活。
总之，在行动之前最好有个计划，最好能先把计划写下来，并尽量按计划去做，这样一方面可以训练自己做事的条理性，而且有计划的暑假才会过得充实而有意义。
经验三：不妨学几样生活必备技能
故事：张燕是家里的独生女，从小到大，她几乎没有机会接触家务活，直到高中，她甚至连洗碗、洗衣服等最基本的生活技能都不会。
“虽然成绩不错，但感觉自己挺低能的。”在高考填报志愿时，父母还建议她尽量填报本地或者区内的院校，但张燕并不这么想，她最终报考了外地的学校。
“拿到录取通知书后，想到自己要一个人在外地独立生活，当时心里也没有底。于是，在父母的帮助下，我开始苦学各种生活技能，从扫地、洗衣开始，到煮饭、炒菜，凡是我在家，父母都让我去尝试，学起来还觉得挺好玩。后来，我还利用假期学会了开车、游泳等必备的生存技能。”
经验谈：
俗话说，技多不压身，刚刚结束高考，不妨利用这个“最长暑假”，多学习一下自己感兴趣的生活技能，有可能会受益终身。
考考驾照，练练字，学游泳、学炒菜……掌握生活的能力才能更好地生活！
经验四：提前感受下社会更有意义
故事：回忆起高三毕业那年的暑假，给苏婷留下深刻印象的是——“充实的打工初体验”。
苏婷告诉记者，那年高考结束后，她先是和同学去了四川、云南等地旅游，余下的时间几乎全部用来打工实践。
她到超市做过销售员、在餐厅做过服务员，还在街上发过小传单。苏婷的想法是：“即将走进大学，就意味着距离走上社会不远了，提前感受下社会，参与社会实践是一件挺有意义的事。”
经验谈：
其实大学里除了学习相关专业知识外，最重要的是学习一些参与社会竞争的技能。为毕业后走入社会做准备。
因此，利用高三暑假体验一下社会实践，很有意义。
如果有心去深入感受社会的同学，可以考虑找一份暑假工做，不但锻炼自己的能力，开阔视野，同时还能赚些零花钱。
有些大学开学比较晚，拿到录取通知书后，还有一两个月的暑假时间，就可以放心去打暑期工了。
终极押题篇
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标卷）
英 语 试 题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
(共5小题:每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Chris d next?
A. Drink sme cffee.B. Watch the Wrld Cup.C. G t sleep.
2. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Strangers.B. Classmates.C. Relatives.
3. What is the wman's attitude t the man’s suggestin?
A. Favrable.B. Tlerant.C. Negative.
4. What can we learn abut Tm?
A. He’s smart fr his age. B. He’s unwilling t study.C. He’s difficult t get alng with.
5. What did Kevin d yesterday?
A. He went swimming. B. He cleaned up his huse.C. He talked with his grandparents.
第二节 (共15小题:每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. Wh is arranging the meeting?
A. Peter.B. David.C. Janet.
7. When des the man prefer t have the meeting?
A. This Wednesday. B. This Friday.C. Next Mnday.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Travel experiences.B. Vacatin plans.C. Favrite seasns.
9. What des the man want t d?
A. G t the beach.B. Find a summer jb.C. Mve t Washingtn.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What des the news say abut big nline spenders in the US?
A. The number f them grws slwly.
B. There are mre men than wmen.
C. They make up half f all shppers.
11. Hw much did Americans spend shpping nline last year?
A. $453 billin.B. $990 billin.C. $1,500 billin.
12. What did Gerge buy nline last Sunday?
A. An adventure nvel.B. A sftware package.C. A nte by Mark Twain.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What has Richard been ding?
A. Visiting a museum.B. Watching TV.C. Studying.
14. Why des Susan call Richard?
A. T ask fr help.B. T give thanks.C. T make an appintment.
15. What des Susan want t d?
A. See an exhibitin. B. Buy a new cell phne. C. Take pictures f the snw.
16. What will the speakers prbably d?
A. G t a park.B. Play ftball.C. Attend a party.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where did the speaker learn abut cllege?
A. Frm the mvies.B. Frm her family.C. Frm the bks.
18. What helped change the speaker's attitude twards study?
A. Her prfessr's advice.B. Her graduate prgram.C. Her trip t Africa.
19. Hw des the speaker feel when she talks abut her past experiences?
A. Regretful.B. Relieved.C. Grateful.
20. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. Cnservatin wrkers.B. High schl students.C. Cllege teachers.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
American Unique Buildings
The cuntry’s full f awe—inspiring natural wnders, but thse made by man (and wman) are equally impressive. The architect behind a design r the creatin’s histry r purpse are all elements that may prve particularly attractive. These fllwing buildings are all well wrth visiting.
Bradbury Building
Ls Angeles
Glancing at the Bradbury Building, built in 1893, the ldest cmmercial building in L.A. , yu may say: “OK, it’s a 19th-century relic.” Step inside and yu will be surprised by the light-filled Victrian curt, a wnder f pen—cage elevatrs, marble stairs, and splendid irn barriers. Its architectural histry is debatable — Sumner Hunt’s designs seem t have been cmpleted by Gerge H. Wyman, wh mnitred the cnstructin.
Vizcaya Museum and Gardens
Miami
Built in 1916, the Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, frmerly Villa Vizcaya, is the ne-time winter hme f businessman James Deering. On Biscayne Bay in the Ccnut Grve neighbrhd, the early 20th-century prperty features Italian Renaissance (文艺复兴) gardens, native wdlands, and a cmplex f histric utbuildings. The prperty designed by Paul Chalfin is tday perated by Miami-Dade Cunty.
Rgers Building
Orland
The 132-year-ld, Queen Anne-style structure, nw husing an art gallery but a ne-time hme t ccktail-and-gaming clubs, was dnated t the City f Orland in 2018 earlier by Frd Kiene. The restrictin that it must remain an arts and culture center fr at least 20 years ensures public access fr the near future.
Griffith Observatry
Ls Angeles
It’s pssible t see the stars at this destinatin that includes sweeping views f the city and the Hllywd sign, and has a planetarium (天文馆) t bt. It’s been a draw fr its cnstructin style sign its 1935 pening, with a $93 millin expansin cmpleted in 2006.
21. Which f the fllwing places has the shrtest histry?
A. Bradbury Building.B. Griffith Observatry.
C. Rgers Building.D. Vizcaya Museum and Gardens.
22. What can we learn abut Rgers Building?
A. It used t be an art gallery.B. It was expanded in 1892.
C. It was nce privately wned.D. It has been a culture center fr 20 years.
23. In which clumn can this text prbably be read?
A. Business.B. Travel.C. Science.D. Educatin.
B
（2024·福建漳州·三模）Learning anything can be challenging, especially when it cmes t figuring ut hw and what t practice. Repetitin is usually essential. But yu dn’t want smething that takes the jy ut f yu. I’ve been teaching myself t draw fr a few years. I had imprved a lt but fr a lng while was ging nwhere. I’d tried lts f bks and curses, and filled endless pages with bxes, parallel lines and figures. Nne f these seems t be wrking.
But smething clicked when I started sketchbking this year. The sketchbks led t a shift in mindset. Rather than trying t practise, I was engaging in a practice — scribbling (涂鸦). The scribbles weren’t all gd but they have becme part f a whle. I’ve been absrbed ever since. I scribbled my breakfast, the fruit in the ffice, and ther peple n the train.
I spke t Danny Gregry, a writer wh blgs and makes vides abut sketchbking, t try t figure ut why I had becme s taken by my new practice.
“We think the practice in drawing is like that in pian, where yu have t play thrugh a series f musical ntes step by step,” Gregry says. “But what if yu think abut practice in ther terms — like a yga practice r medical practice? With thse kinds f practices, yu’ve learned sme stuff, right? Prgress happens naturally. It’s nt preparatry. S just fllw the prcess and take pleasure in it. This is what matters.”
I have nw filled tw sketchbks just with prtraits — mre than 100 scribbled ver a cuple f mnths. In them I challenged myself t include peple n every page. Used t drawing ghst-twn versins, the first few pages were a struggle. But I started varying my mrning cffee rutine t find new places where I culd bserve life.
My latest sketchbk will tackle the challenge f all my drawings — hands. I’ve always had prblems drawing hands. It’s early days, but I’m nt fearing it as I wuld have befre because it isn’t just practice any mre.
24. What was the challenge the authr faced when learning t draw?
A. Little prgress despite extensive effrts.
B. Lack f interest in traditinal practice methds.
C. Difficulty in btaining necessary resurces.
D. Inability t master specific drawing techniques.
25. What did the authr benefit frm scribbling?
A. Imprving hand cntrl.
B. Enriching creative expressin.
C. Grasping ways t paint details.
D. Accepting imperfectins in art.
26. Accrding t Gregry, which attitude tward practice shuld be emphasized?
A. Fcus n specifics is essential.
B. Repetitin is a fundamental key.
C. The emphasis lies in enjying the prcess.
D. The highlight is in well-rganized exercises.
27. What message des the stry cnvey?
A. Every beginning is difficult.B. Tailred methds drive prgress.
C. Art is the language f the sul.D. Integrating life enhances learning.
C
Research fund gphers (囊地鼠) might imprve cnditins fr rt grwth inside their undergrund tunnels. This culd help the rt-eating gphers get enugh fd in areas that dn’t naturally cntain lts f rts. If gphers aid the grwth f fd in this way, it might be cunted as a type f farming.
Gphers spend a lt f energy digging their tunnels. Tw researchers, Jack Putz and Vernica Selden frm the University f Flrida, gt curius abut where they gt all this energy. S in 2021, the tw investigated sme gphers in Flrida. They studied rts near 12 gpher tunnels t estimate hw much rt mass a gpher wuld encunter as it dug a meter f tunnel. Then the researchers calculated hw much energy thse rts wuld prvide. They fund digging cst the gphers abut as much energy as the rts prvided.
They als examined gpher tunnels. Pp (粪便) was spread alng the tunnels. Gphers als seemed t have taken a few bites ut f the rts. All suggested the gphers bad prvided cnditins cnducing t rt grwth. Their pp served as fertilizer. And biting als encuraged rt grwth. They nw think this amunts t a frm f farming.
But the idea meets dubts. “I dn’t think yu culd call it farming,” bilgist Pynne says, “Biting rts and pping mightn’t be signs f farming. Gphers culd just be ding what all animals d,” Bilgist Ulrich Mueller says. “If gphers culd be regarded as farmers, then mst animals are farmers. These animals als create gd grwing cnditins fr the plants they feed n. Take cws, fr example. Their pp fertilizes the grass. But farmers dn’t cnsider cws as their clleagues.” Selden understands the dubts but thinks what qualifies the gphers as farmers and sets them apart frm ther animals is that they develp and maintain this ideal grwing envirnment.
Putz hpes their research makes peple kinder t gphers. “If yu put in ‘gpher’ nline, yu’ll see many ways t kill them,” he says. If peple see gphers as useful animals, they might treat them better.
28. What did the researchers find abut gphers?
A. They acquired energy frm rts.
B. They bedded rts in the tunnel.
C. They helped imprve farming methds.
D. They dug hles n the farm.
29. What d the underlined wrds “cnducing t” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Belnging t.B. Pinting t.C. Favuring.D. Balancing.
30. Why des Mueller mentin cws in paragraph 4?
A. T shw farmers depend n them.
B. T present they benefit rt grwth.
C. T deny gphers are viewed as farmers.
D. T prve their pp can serve as fertilizer.
31. What des Putz expect peple t d abut gphers?
A. Treat them as explrers.B. Avid hurting them.
C. Publicize them nline.D. Prtect their habitats.
D
In the mre than 6,000 years f living in cities, humans have always had t find slutins t prblems cncerning hw they live and wrk, such as sanitatin, transprtatin, crime and envirnmental prtectin. Tday, using cutting-edge technlgies, smart cities can cver them all. We are nw in the era f being “smart”.
Accrding t the Eurpean Cmmissin, a smart city is “a place where traditinal netwrks and services are made mre efficient with the use f digital slutins fr the benefit f its inhabitants and businesses”. It means smarter urban transprt netwrks, upgraded water supplies and waste dispsal facilities and mre efficient ways t light and heat buildings. It als means a mre interactive and respnsive city administratin, safer public spaces and meeting the needs f an aging ppulatin.
The rigin f the cncept f smart cities can be traced back t the 1960s and 1970s, when the US Cmmunity Analysis Bureau began using databases, aerial phtgraphy and ther digital methds t cllect data and d analysis s that the cities culd direct services, relieve the influence f disasters and reduce pverty.
Smart cities rely heavily n autmatin, cnnectivity t the Internet, and the Internet f things (IT). Accrding t TWI, a glbal rganizatin dedicated t technlgy engineering, a smart city perates accrding t fur basic steps: cllectin, analysis, cmmunicatin, and actin. In this apprach, a set f smart sensrs will cllect real-time data abut peple and infrastructure. After the data cllected is analyzed, the result will be cmmunicated t the decisin-makers, wh will take actin t imprve the quality f city life fr its residents.
Smart city technlgies have already been applied in sme cuntries and cities arund the wrld. Singapre, fr example, has intrduced a wide range f smart technlgies in bth its public and private sectrs since launching its Smart Natin initiative in 2014. T help with the aging ppulatin, it intrduced a digital health system allwing vide cnsultatins as well as wearable devices t mnitr patients.
32. What is the main feature f a smart city?
A. It can meet the needs f the elderly.
B. It is fully evlved and multi-functinal.
C. It highly depends n mdern technlgies.
D. It is a place where ne can live a carefree life.
33. What may TWI agree with?
A. Decisin-makers are suppsed t analyze the real-time data.
B. Jint effrts are required t ensure the peratin f a smart city.
C. The quality f city life has imprved due t the gvernment initiative.
D. Prblems still exist in the smart city despite great cnvenience it brings.
34. Why is Singapre mentined in the last paragraph?
A. T praise its cntributin t the wrld.
B. T shw its advantage ver ther cuntries.
C. T gain widespread supprt fr a smart city.
D. T illustrate the applicatin f smart city technlgies.
35. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Smart City: Live the Smart Way
B. Smart City: A Brief Histry
C. Smart City: Say Gdbye t the Past
D. Smart City: Bth Chances and Challenges
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The wrld is designed fr right-handed peple, but why des a tenth f the ppulatin prefer the left? 36
The answer t it remains a bit f a mystery. 37 S it’s assumed that left-handedness has a genetic (基因的) cmpnent t it, In ther wrds, left-handers are brn that way. In fact, identical twins. wh share the same genes, can smetimes prefer t use different hands. There are als plenty f theries n what else might determine which hand yu write with, but many experts believe that it’s kind f randm (随机的).
38 The unfavurable assciatins f the use f the left hand amng cultures are varied, In sme areas, the left hand became knwn as the “unclean” hand. In many religins, the right hand f Gd is the favured hand. Fr example, Jesus sits at Gd’s right side. Gd’s left hand, hwever, is the hand f judgment. Varius activities and experiences becme rude r even signs f bad luck when the left hand becmes invlved. In sme parts f Sctland, it in cnsidered bad luck t meet a left-handed persn at the start f a jurney. In Ghana, pinting, gesturing, giving r receiving items with the left hand is cnsidered rude. A persn giving directins will put their left hand behind them and even physically try t pint with their right hand if necessary. 39
Frtunately, nwadays mst scieties and cultures n lnger reject left-handedness like befre. peple cme t realize that left-handedness is natural, Sme researchers find ut that lefties are mre creative and can deal with abstract thinking better. The left-handedness is mre easily adaptable t the right-handed wrld as well. 40 Instead, it is a wnderful gift r maybe it is smething yu shuld take pride in.
A. Being left handed is n lnger n sad stry nw.
B. Left-handedness used t be regarded as a disability.
C. Scientists have nticed that left-handedness tends t run in families.
D. In sme Asian cuntries, eating with the left hand is cnsidered implite.
E. Why d they use their left hand instead f their right hand fr rutine activities?
F. Histrically, the left side and left-handedness have been cnsidered a negative thing.
G. Why d sme parents frce their left-handed children t be right-handed when writing?
第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Rger Bannister, brn in Harrw, Lndn, early shwed a talent fr running. University educatin was beynd the 41 f his wrking-class parents, but he was 42 t secure a place at ne f England’s tp universities and pursue a career in 43 .
Luckily, wing t his academic effrts, Bannister was awarded a schlarship by Oxfrd University, where his exceptinal speed n the track sn earned him the attentin and 44 frm the sprts media. Surprisingly, he 45 t cmpete in the 1948 Olympics in Lndn, preferring t fcus n his 46 and his medical studies. By 1951, Bannister had wn the British champinship in the mile and felt 47 fr Olympic cmpetitin. 48 , a last-minute change in the schedule 49 him t cmpete withut resting between events and he finished just furth in the 1500-meter race at the 1952 Olympics. T break the fur-minute mile barrier, Bannister 50 45 minutes every day frm his full-time medical studies fr training. On May 6, 1954, at Oxfrd, his 51 eventually paid ff. At age 25, Bannister made histry, crssing the finish line at 3: 59.4. When the annuncer read ut the time: “3…”, the rest was 52 by the cheering crwd. In the fllwing famus “Mile f the Century” race, Bannister 53 Australian runner Jhn Landy with a time f 3: 58.8 t Landy’s 3: 59. 6, bth under fur minutes. In 1955, Bannister’s autbigraphy, First Fur Minutes, was published.
Bannister’s 54 t academic medicine is equally remarkable, but his spirit f the fur-minute mile is 55 t nt nly peple f ur era, but t befre and after.
41. A. hpeB. reachC. sightD. cntrl
42. A. excitedB. surprisedC. satisfiedD. determined
43. A. medicineB. bilgyC. histryD. literature
44. A. supprtB. guidanceC. permissinD. recgnitin
45. A. decidedB. plannedC. declinedD. prmised
46. A. familyB. trainingC. prfessinD. cmpetitin
47. A. clB. prudC. readyD. afraid
48. A. NaturallyB. ActuallyC. ObviuslyD. Unfrtunately
49. A. frcedB. allwedC. expectedD. encuraged
50. A. take inB. set asideC. carry awayD. get thrugh
51. A. interestB. effrtC. curageD. attentin
52. A. favredB. attractedC. drwnedD. cnfirmed
53. A. defeatedB. inspectedC. verlkedD. apprached
54. A. prmiseB. attitudeC. cntributinD. viewpint
55. A. inspiratinalB. cnsiderateC. aggressiveD. cntrversial
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu ever wndered hw peple type Chinese characters? The answer lies in the wnderfully useful phnetic system 56 (call) pinyin. It's the mst cmmnly used system fr spelling ut the Chinese sunds, and it uses the letters in the Latin alphabet that yu are already familiar 57 .
Pinyin is 58 extremely useful tl and shuld be the fundatin f yur Chinese learning. Besides, it's nt just fr Chinese learners like yurself. 59 (actual), all native Chinese speakers knw pinyin, 60 is the first thing Chinese children learn at schl befre learning characters. S even if yu dn't knw Chinese characters, yu can type in pinyin and make 61 (yu)understd.
Every single sund that exists in Chinese can 62 (display) easily in a pinyin chart. Once yu master these 409 sunds alng with the tnes, yu'll have practically mastered the prnunciatin f every single wrd in the Chinese language. We've als created a series f vide 63 (lessn)with practice tls that enable yu t recrd yurself and listen back t it t 64 (sure) that yur prnunciatin matches the examples. Cmbined with ur Tne Pairs practice tl, yu nw have everything yu need 65 (master)pinyin, tnes, and Chinese prnunciatin.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
上周末你校举办了“急救知识进校园”的活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动的过程；
2. 活动的影响。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
First Aid Knwledge Hits the Campus
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“This Saturday, we’ll be visiting cats at the animal shelter. If yu’d like t jin us, here’s an applicatin frm”, said Ms. Delgad, the schl librarian wh had held the reading engagement event fr students.
Ben lved cats and he had always wanted ne, s he hurried t take an applicatin frm. Then Ms. Delgad added, “We’ll be reading t the cats and award readers wh make mst prgress.” Ben stpped. Reading al ud can be a challenging task. Ben might feel his heart racing, his palms sweating, and his vice shaking as he read. He might stumble ver wrds r lse his place in the text. He might feel like everyne was watching him and judging him. Still, he really wanted t visit the cats, s he tk an applicatin frm anyway.
On Saturday, Ben arrived at the shelter with sme f his classmates. “This is Max,” the shelter wrker tld Ben as she handed him a gray cat. Ben carried Max t a beanbag chair and sat dwn. Max settled nt his lap. He tk a bk he’d been wrking n and started reading. Max, very different frm ther cats walking arund the rm while the kids read, purred (发出呼噜声) n his lap as if he had understd what Ben read.
“I’m glad Max is staying and listening t my reading and he is the best cat ever,” Ben tld Dad excitedly. “I’m glad yu tw are friends,” Dad said. All week, Ben’s heart was filled with anxiety as he waited fr Saturday t arrive. He was eager t read t Max and the anticipatin f spending time with his feline (猫咪的) friend made him restless and nervus. When it arrived, Ben gt t read t Max again.
“What if smene adpts Max?” Ben asked Dad later. “I guess yu’d read t a different cat,” Dad said. “But I dn’t want a different cat. I wish we culd adpt Max,” Ben said t Dad. He knew they culdn’t because Mm had allergies (过敏). Ben lved the cat s much that he even tld his next-dr neighbr, Mrs. Patel, abut Max. “Max sunds like a special cat,” said Mrs. Patel.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Week by week, Ben realized that reading seemed easier with Max’s cmpany.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But n Saturday, Ben culdn’t find Max at the shelter.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标通用卷）
英语试题参考答案
一、听力理解（满分30分）
第一节 （满分7.5分，每题1.5分）
1-5 AACBC
第二节 （满分22.5分，每题1.5分）
6-10 CBBAB 11-15 ACBAC 16-20 AABCB
二、阅读理解（满分50分）
第一节 （满分37.5分，每题2.5分）
21-25 BCBAD 26-30 CDACC 31-35 BCBDA
第二节 （满分12.5分，每题2.5分）
36-40 ECFDA
三、语言运用（满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （满分15分，每题1分）
41-45 BDADC 46-50 BCDAB 51-55 BCACA
第二节 语法填空（满分15分，每题1.5分）
56. called 57. with 58. an 59. Actually 60. which 61. yurself 62. be displayed 63. lessns 64. ensure 65. t master
四、书面表达（满分40分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
First Aid Knwledge Hits the Campus
Last weekend, ur schl hsted an event titled “First Aid Knwledge Hits the Campus”.
The event began with a lecture by a prfessinal trainer, cvering CPR techniques, wund dressing, and handling cmmn emergencies. Fllwing the lecture, students participated in hands-n wrkshps, practicing their skills under the guidance f experts.
This initiative nt nly equipped ur students with valuable lifesaving skills but als raised awareness f the imprtance f prmpt first aid. The psitive feedback frm students shws the need fr mre such practical and infrmative events n campus.
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
Week by week, Ben realized that reading seemed easier with Max’s cmpany. The presence f the gray cat made him feel mre relaxed and cmfrtable. He nticed that Max’s purring had a calming effect n him, allwing him t fcus better n the wrds in frnt f him. Ben was amazed by hw much he enjyed reading alud t Max. Still, he was surprised when Ms. Delgad gave him the Mst Imprved Reader award. Ben felt a sense f pride and accmplishment as he held the certificate in his hands. He culdn’t wait t shw it t Max.
But n Saturday, Ben culdn’t find Max at the shelter. He lked arund the rm, hping t catch a glimpse f his feline friend. Hwever, Max was nwhere t be fund. Ben’s heart sank as he realized that smene might have adpted Max. Just then, Mrs. Patel walked int the visitrs’ rm, carrying Max. “I’m adpting him,” Mrs. Patel said. “Yu can cme ver every day t read t him.” Hearing what Mrs. Patel said, Ben jumped with excitement and threw his arms arund Mrs. Patel. Of curse, he didn’t frget t hug Max tightly wh gave a cntented purr.
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标通用卷）
英语试题评分标准
第一节：应用文写作
一、评分原则
1.本题总分为15分，按五个档次进行评分。
2 . 评分时，应主要从内容、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为
(1)对内容要点的覆盖情况以及表述的清楚程度和合理性。
(2)使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
(3)上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
3.评分时，先根据作答的整体情况初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
4,评分时还应注意；
(1)词数少于60个的，酌情扣分。
(2)单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
(3)书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档(13～15分)
一覆盖了所有内容要点，表述清楚、合理。
一使用了多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构，可能有个别小错，但完全不影响理解。
一有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义连贯。完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档(10～12分)
一覆益了所有内容要点，表述比较清楚、合理。
一使用了比较多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构，可能有些许错误，但不形响理解。
一比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档(7～9分)
一覆盗了大部分内容要点，有个别地方表述不够清楚、合理。
一使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有一些错误或不恰当之处，但基本不影响理解。
一基本有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。基本达到了预期的写作目的，
第二节 读后续写
一、评卷要求
1、本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分，每个档次5分。评分时先根据作答的具体情况初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。词数少于130的，从总分中减去2分。
2、评分时，从故事内容，词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为
（1）创造内容的质量，续写的完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。
（2）使用词汇和语法结构的准确性，恰当性和多样性。
（3）上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性 。
阅卷应整体评分，从主题是否明确、内容是否完整、内容和原文衔接度高不高、语言是否符合原文风格、语言使用是否正确等方面综合考虑档次。先确定档次，再具体给分。
3、续写内容必须符合故事主线。不符合的一律不及格（15分以下）。抄袭原文或不相干的内容达到1/3 的（连着抄，间隔着抄都算）、充满负能量或不道德的内容，均判零分。
4、阅读材料的语言：主要以第一人称叙事为主，因此续写部分的语言也应是叙事风格，否则分数降低一个档次或扣5分。
5、语法：文章时态为一般过去时。使用时态错误，扣3分。 词汇、语法错误：一般大错扣1分，如出现1个小错，从总分中减去半分。相同的错误不重复扣分。如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
注意事项：续写部分应该以第一人称讲述故事，主要用过去时（如果人称或者时态用错，降一档）；与原材料的语言风格保持一致，否则分数降低一个档次。
二、评分标准
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标通用卷）
英语试题答案解析
听力材料
一、听力理解（满分30分）
Text 1
W: Hey, Chris, are yu alright?
M: Yeah, I'm just a bit sleepy. The Wrld Cup final last night, yu knw.
W: Sure. Want sme cffee?
M: I wuldn't say n.
Text 2
W: Excuse me, culd yu pssibly mve yur car frward a bit s I can get mine ut?
M: Just a secnd. Is it kay nw? D yu need any help?
Text 3
M: Ww! These dgs are s adrable. Can we take ne? My friend Jy has a cat.
W: N, Bill. I'm afraid we can't. We live in a small apartment.
Text 4
W: Well, is Tm ding well in schl these days?
M: Oh, well. Like bys at his age, yu knw, I can't get him t d his hmewrk withut a struggle.
Text 5
W: Hi, Kevin. I didn't see yu at the pl yesterday. What happened?
M: Oh, my grandparents came ver t my place fr a visit. I gt the idea t interview them, and I saw hw much they lved being listened t.
Text 6
W: Peter, I dn't knw if Janet has tld yu, but Wednesday afternn's sales meeting is cancelled.
M: Oh, yeah? When is ur next meeting then?
W: Either this Friday mrning r next Mnday afternn? Janet is checking David's schedule.
M: Why dn't we have it this Friday? I'll be away n a business trip next week.
Text 7
W: I just bught a ticket t New Yrk. I'm s excited t see the city.
M: Gd fr yu. When are yu leaving?
W: Next week. I'm taking the red-eye flight. It's cheaper.
M: New Yrk City is a magical place. Yu'll have s much fun.
W: I hpe s. I'll stay fr a week and then take the train dwn t Washingtn, D.C.
M: That sunds like a great vacatin. I'm lking frward t a week at the beach fr my summer vacatin. I just want t relax.
Text 8
W: Hi, Gerge. I just heard the news. Americans are nt just shpping nline, they are buying expensive prducts n the Internet. Nearly three ut f ten nline shppers in the United States have bught a prduct that csts a thusand dllars r mre. Thse big nline spenders are much mre likely t be men than wmen.
M: I'm nt surprised. Yu knw, men are usually the early adpters when it cmes t technlgy.
W: I can't imagine that back in the 1990s, nline shpping wasn't just awkward, it felt risky. Peple were afraid t give ut their credit card numbers. They wrried if prducts didn't arrive in time.
M: But nw peple are talking abut the explsin in Internet shpping.
W: Yes, indeed. Last year, U.S. shppers spent $453 billin in shpping nline, and many f them went big. What did they buy? Just abut anything.
M: Well, I am n exceptin. Last Sunday, I purchased a shrt nte that Mark Twain had written regarding a missing package, and I paid abut $1,500 fr it.
W: Yu're really a mre adventurus nline shpper than me.
Text 9
W: Hi Richard, this is Susan.
M: Hi Susan.
W: What are yu ding?
M: Just watching TV. Pretty bred. Yu?
W: Well, I was planning t g t the science museum tday with Elaine, but it snwed.
M: I hpe it snws all night because I dn't want t g t schl tmrrw.
W: D yu knw anyne wh has a camera? I left mine at hme. I want t take pictures f all this snw.
M: N, I dn't. But why dn't yu use yur cell phne t take pictures?
W: Well, I dn't think cell phnes d a gd jb. I want t take sme really nice pictures f this wnderful snw scene. Yu knw, the cllege is preparing a phtgraphy exhibitin next mnth. I hpe my pictures will be selected. Oh, I knw nw. Have yu seen Sarah tday? She has a camera.
M: N, she hasn't been arund lately. But d yu knw Mike? He has a camera. In fact, I knw he's interested in phtgraphy.
W: Mike? Yu mean that tall by, captain f ur schl ftball team? Okay, let's ask him t g with us.
M: Well, I dn't mind ding smething interesting. We can g t Waterl Park, a gd place t take pictures.
Text 10
Hey, everyne. I'm really excited t be here t share my experiences since graduatin. When I was leaving here abut 10 years ag, I decided t g t cllege, which, when I think abut it, is a little strange, because I cme frm a family where n ne had ever gne t cllege. Everything I knew abut cllege came frm the mvies. Once in cllege, I gt a classic case f t much fun and t little class time. At the end f my secnd year, my majr prfessr warned me, yu're never ging t graduate unless smething big changes. But it wasn't until I entered my graduate prgram in cnservatin eclgy that I felt I was n the right path.
My cnservatin wrk has brught me jy, excitement, and adventure. I've dne sme research in the remte muntains f Califrnia. I've had dinners with imprtant pliticians. I've even stepped ver snakes in Africa. But mst imprtant f all, it gave me smething bigger than myself t fight fr. When I lk back, I feel frtunate t have chsen cllege, and particularly science, thrugh which I have rediscvered myself and achieved liberatin. And I'm sure yu all can d the same.
听力音频下载地址：
二、阅读理解（满分50分）
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B
【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。主要介绍了美国四座独特的建筑物，文章详细描述了这些建筑物的历史、建筑风格、特色以及现今的用途，强调了它们作为旅游景点和文化遗产的重要性。
21. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Glancing at the Bradbury Building, built in 1893(瞥一眼建于1893年的布拉德伯里大厦)”、第三段“Built in 1916, the Vizcaya Museum and Gardens, frmerly Villa Vizcaya, is the ne-time winter hme f businessman James Deering.( Vizcaya博物馆和花园始建于1916年，前身为Villa Vizcaia，曾是商人James Deering的冬季住所)”、第四段“The 132-year-ld, Queen Anne-style structure, nw husing an art gallery but a ne-time hme t ccktail-and-gaming clubs, was dnated t the City f Orland in 2018 earlier by Frd Kiene.( 这座有132年历史的安妮女王风格建筑，现在有一个美术馆，但曾经是鸡尾酒和游戏俱乐部的所在地，于2018年初由Frd Kiene捐赠给奥兰多市)”以及最后一段“It’s been a draw fr its cnstructin style sign its 1935 pening, with a $93 millin expansin cmpleted in 2006.( 1935年开业，耗资9300万美元的扩建工程于2006年竣工，这是一个吸引人的建筑风格标志)”可知，格里菲斯天文台历史最短，故选B项。
22. 推理判断题。根据第四段“The 132-year-ld, Queen Anne-style structure, nw husing an art gallery but a ne-time hme t ccktail-and-gaming clubs, was dnated t the City f Orland in 2018 earlier by Frd Kiene.( 这座有132年历史的安妮女王风格建筑，现在有一个美术馆，但曾经是鸡尾酒和游戏俱乐部的所在地，于2018年初由Frd Kiene捐赠给奥兰多市)”可推理出，罗杰斯大厦曾经是私人所有，故选C项。
23. 推理判断题。根据第一段“The architect behind a design r the creatin’s histry r purpse are all elements that may prve particularly attractive. These fllwing buildings are all well wrth visiting(设计背后的建筑师或创作的历史或目的都是可能被证明特别有吸引力的元素。以下这些建筑都非常值得一游)”以及“Bradbury Building(布拉德伯里大楼)”、“Vizcaya Museum and Gardens(菲卡亚博物馆和花园)”、“Rgers Building(罗杰斯大厦)”以及“Griffith Observatry(格里菲斯天文台)”可推理出本文主要介绍了美国四座独特的建筑物，可推理出本文出自“旅游”栏目，故选B项。
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者学习素描的经历，以此来强调如何将生活与学习融为一体，以促进艺术学习的提升。
24. 细节理解题。由第一段中“I’ve been teaching myself t draw fr a few years. I had imprved a lt but fr a lng while was ging nwhere. I’d tried lts f bks and curses, and filled endless pages with bxes, parallel lines and figures. Nne f these seems t be wrking. (几年来，我一直在自学画画。我原来进步了很多，但有很长一段时间又没有进步。我试过很多书和课程，在无穷无尽的页面上画满了方框、平行线和图形。这些似乎都不起作用)”可知，作者在学习绘画时面临的挑战是：尽管作者付出了巨大努力，但进展甚微。故选A项。
25. 推理判断题。由第二段中“The scribbles weren’t all gd but they have becme part f a whle. I’ve been absrbed ever since. (这些涂鸦并不全是好的，但它们已经成为一个整体的一部分)”可知，虽然这些涂鸦并不都是好的，但作者接受它们成为整体的一部分，由此可推知，作者从涂鸦中获得的益处是接受了艺术的不完美。故选D项。
26. 推理判断题。由第四段中““We think the practice in drawing is like that in pian, where yu have t play thrugh a series f musical ntes step by step,” Gregry says. “But what if yu think abut practice in ther terms — like a yga practice r medical practice? With thse kinds f practices, yu’ve learned sme stuff, right? Prgress happens naturally. It’s nt preparatry. S just fllw the prcess and take pleasure in it. This is what matters.”(Gregry说：“我们认为素描练习就像弹钢琴一样，必须一步一步地演奏一系列音符。但是，如果你从其他角度考虑练习——比如瑜伽练习或医学练习，那又会怎么样呢？通过那种类型的练习，你学到了一些东西，对吧？进步自然而然地发生了。这不是准备好的。所以只需遵循过程并享受其中。这才是最重要的。”)”可知，对于练习，Gregry强调练习的重点在于享受过程。故选C项。
27. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了作者学习素描时，有一段时间进步缓慢，后来通过涂鸦的方式将绘画与生活结合，取得了一定进展，在作者看来，这种方式有助于提升学习效果，由此可推知，这个故事传达了“融入生活，促进学习”的思想。故选D项。
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了研究发现囊地鼠改善了根系生长的条件，并呼吁人们保护它们。
28. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“They fund digging cst the gphers abut as much energy as the rts prvided. (他们发现，囊地鼠挖掘所花费的能量与根系提供的能量差不多。)”可知囊地鼠从根系中获得能量。故选A项。
29. 词句猜测题。根据第三段划线短语之后“rt grwth. Their pp served as fertilizer. And biting als encuraged rt grwth. They nw think this amunts t a frm f farming. (根的生长。它们的粪便被用作肥料。咬也促进了根的生长。他们现在认为这相当于一种农业形式。)可知囊地鼠的粪便可以被用作肥料而且咬的动作也促进了根的生长，所以划线短语的意思指的是囊地鼠提供的条件有助于植物的生长，即与C项Favring(有助于)意思相近。故选C项。
30. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段““If gphers culd be regarded as farmers, then mst animals are farmers. These animals als create gd grwing cnditins fr the plants they feed n. Take cws, fr example. Their pp fertilizes the grass. But farmers dn’t cnsider cws as their clleagues.”(“如果囊地鼠可以被视为农民，那么大多数动物都是农民。这些动物也为它们赖以为生的植物创造了良好的生长条件。以牛为例。它们的粪便给草施肥。但农民并不把牛当成他们的同事。”)”可知在Mueller看来牛的粪便也可以给草施肥，但是农民并不把牛当成是农民，同样地虽然囊地鼠能够为植物的生长提供条件，但不能就此称它们为农民，所以Mueller提到牛的目的是为了否认囊地鼠被视为农民的观点。故选C项。
31. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Putz hpes their research makes peple kinder t gphers. “If yu put in ‘gpher’ nline, yu’ll see many ways t kill them,” he says. If peple see gphers as useful animals, they might treat them better.( Putz希望他们的研究能让人们对囊地鼠更友善。“如果你把‘囊地鼠’放到网上，你会看到很多杀死它们的方法，”他说。如果人们认为囊地鼠是有用的动物，他们可能会更好地对待它们。)”可知Putz希望人们能够友好地对待囊地鼠，避免对它们进行伤害。故选B项。
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了智慧城市的定义、起源、特点以及应用。
32. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Tday, using cutting-edge technlgies, smart cities can cver them all.(今天，使用尖端技术，智慧城市可以覆盖所有这些)”以及第四段“Smart cities rely heavily n autmatin, cnnectivity t the Internet , and the Internet f things (IT).(智慧城市在很大程度上依赖于自动化、互联网连接和物联网)”可知，智慧城市利用尖端技术解决生活中的诸多问题，且在很大程度上依赖于自动化、互联网连接以及物联网。由此可见，智慧城市高度依赖现代技术，故选C。
33. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Accrding t TWI, a glbal rganizatin dedicated t technlgy engineering, a smart city perates accrding t fur basic steps: cllectin, analysis, cmmunicatin, and actin. In this apprach, a set f smart sensrs will cllect real-time data abut peple and infrastructure. After the data cllected is analyzed, the result will be cmmunicated t the decisin-makers, wh will take actin t imprve the quality f city life fr its residents.(据致力于技术工程的全球性组织TWI介绍，智慧城市的运作需要四个基本步骤：收集、分析、沟通和行动。在这种方法中，一组智能传感器将收集有关人员和基础设施的实时数据。收集到的数据被分析后，结果将传达给决策者，决策者将采取行动改善城市居民的生活质量)”可知，智慧城市的正常运行需要多方的共同努力，故选B。
34. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Smart city technlgies have already been applied in sme cuntries and cities arund the wrld. Singapre, fr example, has intrduced a wide range f smart technlgies in bth its public and private sectrs since launching its Smart Natin initiative in 2014.(智慧城市技术已经在世界上一些国家和城市得到了应用。例如，新加坡自2014年启动智能国家计划以来，在公共和私营部门引入了广泛的智能技术)”可知，提到新加坡，是为了进行举例说明智慧城市技术的应用，故选D。
35. 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Tday, using cutting-edge technlgies, smart cities can cver them all. We are nw in the era f being “smart”.(今天，使用尖端技术，智慧城市可以覆盖所有这些。我们现在处在一个“智慧”时代)”及下文内容可知，本文介绍了智慧城市的定义、起源、特点以及应用。B项“智慧城市：智慧生活方式”体现出智能科技下的智慧生活，具有很强的概括性，故选A。
【答案】36. E 37. C 38. F 39. D 40. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了基因可能是造成人左撇子的原因，在历史上不同文化中, 左撇子被认为是一种消极的东西，现在大多数社会和文化不再像以前那样排斥左撇子。研究发现左撇子的人更有创造力，所以左撇子的人应该以自己是左撇子面自豪。
36. 根据上文“The wrld is designed fr right-handed peple. but why des a tenth f the ppulatin prefer the left?(这个世界是为右撇子设计的。但为什么十分之一的人更喜欢左手呢？)”和下文“The answer t it remains a bit f a mystery.(这个问题的答案仍然是个谜。)”可知，空处是一个问题，并且承接上文询问为什么有些人习惯用左手。E项：Why d they use their left hand instead f their right hand fr rutine activities?(为什么他们在日常活动中使用左手而不是右手？)符合语境。故选E。
37. 根据下文“S it’s assumed that left-handedness has a genetic (基因的) cmpnent t it, In ther wrds, left-handers are brn that way.(所以人们认为左撇子有遗传因素，换句话说，左撇子天生如此。)”可知，本段解释左撇子形成的原因是遗传。C项：Scientists have nticed that left-handedness tends t run in families.(科学家们注意到左撇子倾向于在家族中遗传。)符合语境。故选C。
38. 空处为段落主旨句。根据下文“The unfavurable assciatins f the use f the left hand amng cultures are varied, In sme areas, the left hand became knwn as the “unclean” hand. In many religins, the right hand f Gd is the favured hand. Fr example, Jesus sits at Gd’s right side.(不同文化对使用左手的不良联想各不相同，在某些地区，左手被称为“不洁”的手。在许多宗教中，神的右手是施恩的手。)”和“In sme parts f Sctland, it in cnsidered bad luck t meet a left-handed persn at the start f a jurney.(在苏格兰的一些地区，在旅行开始时遇到左撇子被认为是不吉利的。)”可知，本段主要讲述了历史上人们对左撇子的看法是负面的。F项：Histrically, the left side and left-handedness have been cnsidered a negative thing.(历史上，左撇子和惯用左手被认为是负面的东西。)符合语境。故选F。
39. 根据上文“Varius activities and experiences becme rude r even signs f bad luck when the left hand becmes invlved. In sme parts f Sctland, it in cnsidered bad luck t meet a left-handed persn at the start f a jurney. In Ghana, pinting, gesturing, giving r receiving items with the left hand is cnsidered rude. A persn giving directins will put their left hand behind them and even physically try t pint with their right hand if necessary.( 当左手参与进来时，各种活动和经历变得粗鲁甚至是坏运气的迹象。在苏格兰的一些地区，在旅行开始时遇到左撇子被认为是不吉利的。在加纳，指向，手势，用左手拿东西被认为是不礼貌的。指路的人会把左手放在身后，必要时甚至会用右手指方向。)”可知，本段列举了世界上的一些地区对左手的偏见。D项：In sme Asian cuntries, eating with the left hand is cnsidered implite.(在一些亚洲国家，用左手吃饭被认为是不礼貌的。)符合语境。故选D。
40. 根据下文“Instead, it is a wnderful gift r maybe it is smething yu shuld take pride in.(相反，它是一个很棒的礼物，或者它是你应该引以为傲的东西。)”可知，空处和下文形成转折关系，说明左撇子不再是不被接受的了。A项：Being left handed is n lnger a sad stry nw. (左撇子现在不再是一个悲伤的故事。)符合语境。故选A。
三、语言运用（满分30分）
第一节 完形填空 （满分15分，每题1分）
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. C 55. A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rger Bannister凭借自身的努力，从事了医学事业，并且在赛跑领域也取得了非凡的成就。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父母是工人阶级，他无法接受大学教育，但他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，并从事医学事业。A. hpe希望；B. reach到达；C. sight视力；D. cntrl控制。根据后文“f his wrking-class parents”可知，他的父母是工人阶级，他无法接受大学教育，beynd the reach f表示“超出……的控制范围”。故选B。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的父母是工人阶级，他无法接受大学教育，但他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，并从事医学事业。A. excited激动的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. satisfied满足的；D. determined坚定的。根据后文“t secure a place at ne f England’s tp universities”以及上文but表示转折，可知，他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，故选D。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父母是工人阶级，他无法接受大学教育，但他决心在英国的一所顶尖大学获得一席之地，并从事医学事业。A. medicine药物；B. bilgy生物学；C. histry历史；D. literature文学。根据后文“and his medical studies”可知，他想从事医学事业。故选A。
44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，由于他在学术上的努力，班尼斯特获得了牛津大学的奖学金，在那里，他在跑道上的非凡速度很快为他赢得了体育媒体的关注和认可。A. supprt支持；B. guidance指导；C. permissin允许；D. recgnitin识别，认可。根据上文“his exceptinal speed n the track sn earned him the attentin and”可知，班尼斯特的出色表现赢得了体育媒体的关注和认可。故选D。
45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他拒绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，更愿意专注于训练和医学研究。A. decided决定；B. planned计划；C. declined拒绝；D. prmised承诺。根据后文“preferring t fcus n his”可知，他更愿意专注于训练和医学研究，拒绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，故选C。
46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他拒绝参加1948年伦敦奥运会，更愿意专注于训练和医学研究。A. family家庭；B. training训练；C. prfessin专业；D. cmpetitin比赛。根据上文“t cmpete in the 1948 Olympics”可知，他不想去参加比赛，说明想更专注于训练。故选B。
47. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到1951年，班尼斯特赢得了英国一英里赛跑的冠军，并为参加奥运会做好了准备。A. cl凉爽的；B. prud骄傲的；C. ready准备好的；D. afraid害怕的。根据上文“Bannister had wn the British champinship in the mile”可知，班尼斯特赢得了英国一英里赛跑的冠军，并为参加奥运会做好了准备。故选C。
48. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在最后一刻，赛程的改变迫使他在比赛中没有休息，他在1952年奥运会的1500米比赛中仅获得第四名。A. Naturally自然地；B. Actually实际上；C. Obviusly显然；D. Unfrtunately不幸地。根据后文“he finished just furth”可知，只获得了第四名，是不幸的事情。故选D。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，在最后一刻，赛程的改变迫使他在比赛中没有休息，他在1952年奥运会的1500米比赛中仅获得第四名。A. frced迫使；B. allwed允许；C. expected期待；D. encuraged鼓励。根据上文“a last-minute change in the schedule”可知，没有休息是因为赛程的改变迫使的。故选A。
50. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了打破4分钟跑完一英里的障碍，班尼斯特每天从全日制医学学习中抽出45分钟进行训练。A. take in理解；B. set aside留出；C. carry away夺走；D. get thrugh完成。根据后文“45 minutes every day frm his full-time medical studies fr training”指他留出45分钟进行训练。故选B。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1954年5月6日，在牛津大学，他的努力终于得到了回报。A. interest兴趣；B. effrt努力；C. curage勇气；D. attentin注意力。根据后文“At age 25, Bannister made histry, crssing the finish line at 3: 59.4.(25岁时，班尼斯特以3分59秒4的成绩冲过终点线，创造了历史)”指他的努力终于得到了回报。故选B。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当报幕员读出时间：“3……”时，其余的声音被欢呼的人群淹没了。A. favred帮助；B. attracted吸引；C. drwned淹没，溺水；D. cnfirmed确认。根据后文“by the cheering crwd”指报幕员的声音被欢呼的人群淹没了。故选C。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来著名的“世纪一英里”比赛中，班尼斯特以3分58秒8的成绩击败了澳大利亚选手约翰·兰迪，后者的成绩是3分59秒6，两人都不到4分钟。A. defeated击败；B. inspected检查；C. verlked忽视；D. apprached靠近。根据后文“f 3: 58.8 t Landy’s 3: 59.6”可知，班尼斯特以3分58秒8的成绩击败了澳大利亚选手约翰·兰迪，故选A。
54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：班尼斯特对学术医学的贡献同样卓越，但他的四分钟一英里精神不仅鼓舞了我们这个时代的人，也鼓舞了过去和以后的人。A. prmise承诺；B. attitude态度；C. cntributin贡献；D. viewpint观点。根据后文“t academic medicine is equally remarkable”指班尼斯特对学术医学的贡献同样卓越，故选C。
55. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：班尼斯特对学术医学的贡献同样卓越，但他的四分钟一英里精神不仅鼓舞了我们这个时代的人，也鼓舞了过去和以后的人。A. inspiratinal启发灵感的；B. cnsiderate体贴的；C. aggressive好斗的；D. cntrversial有争议的。根据后文“t nt nly peple f ur era, but t befre and after”指班尼斯特的四分钟一英里精神不仅鼓舞了我们这个时代的人，也鼓舞了过去和以后的人。故选A。
第二节 语法填空（满分15分，每题1.5分）
【答案】56. called 57. with 58. an 59. Actually 60. which 61. yurself 62. be displayed 63. lessns 64. ensure 65. t master
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了拼音系统在中文字符输入和中文学习中的重要作用和应用。
56. 考查非谓语动词。句意：答案在于一种非常有用的语音系统——拼音。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“phnetic system”和动词“call”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填called。
57. 考查固定短语。句意：它是用来拼写中文发音的最常用的系统，使用的是你已经熟悉的拉丁字母。固定短语：be familiar with，意为“对……熟悉”，符合句意。故填with。
58. 考查冠词。句意：拼音是一个非常有用的工具，应该是你学习汉语的基础。修饰可数名词单数“tl”，表示泛指，用不定冠词修饰；空后单词为元音音素开头，用an修饰。故填an。
59. 考查副词。句意：实际上，所有以汉语为母语的人都知道拼音，这是中国孩子在学校学习汉字之前首先要学习的东西。担当本句的状语，用副词形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Actually。
60. 考查定语从句。句意：实际上，所有以汉语为母语的人都知道拼音，这是中国孩子在学校学习汉字之前首先要学习的东西。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“pinyin”，在非限制性定语从句中担当宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
61. 考查代词。句意：所以即使你不认识汉字，你也可以输入拼音并让他人理解你的意思。根据句意可知，空处指的是主语与宾语指代同一个人，用反身代词。故填yurself。
62. 考查谓语动词。句意：每一个在中文中存在的声音都可以轻松地在拼音图表中显示出来。分析句子成分可知，空处出现在情态动词之后，用动词原形；主语为“every single sund”，和动词“display”之间为被动关系。故填be displayed。
63. 考查名词的数。句意：我们还创建了一系列带有练习工具的视频课程，这些工具可以让你录制自己的发音并回放，以确保你的发音与示例相符。根据空前的“a series f”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填lessns。
64. 考查动词。句意：我们还创建了一系列带有练习工具的视频课程，这些工具可以让你录制自己的发音并回放，以确保你的发音与示例相符。分析句子成分可知，空前为不定式符号“t”，由此可知空处为动词原形，意为“确保”。故填ensure。
65. 考查非谓语动词。句意：结合我们的声调对练习工具，您现在拥有掌握拼音，声调和汉语发音所需的一切。need t d sth需要做某事。故填t master。
四、书面表达（满分40分）
第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
【答案】
First Aid Knwledge Hits the Campus
Last weekend, ur schl hsted an event titled “First Aid Knwledge Hits the Campus”.
The event began with a lecture by a prfessinal trainer, cvering CPR techniques, wund dressing, and handling cmmn emergencies. Fllwing the lecture, students participated in hands-n wrkshps, practicing their skills under the guidance f experts.
This initiative nt nly equipped ur students with valuable lifesaving skills but als raised awareness f the imprtance f prmpt first aid. The psitive feedback frm students shws the need fr mre such practical and infrmative events n campus.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就上周末学校举办的“急救知识进校园”的活动为校英文报写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
开始：begin→start
参加：participate in→jin in
提高：raise→prmte
重要性：imprtance→significance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The event began with a lecture by a prfessinal trainer, cvering CPR techniques, wund dressing, and handling cmmn emergencies.
拓展句：The event began with a lecture by a prfessinal trainer, which cvers CPR techniques, wund dressing, and handling cmmn emergencies.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Last weekend, ur schl hsted an event titled “First Aid Knwledge Hits the Campus”.（运用了过去分词作后置定语）
【高分句型2】This initiative nt nly equipped ur students with valuable lifesaving skills but als raised awareness f the imprtance f prmpt first aid.（运用了nt nly…but als连接并列成分）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
Week by week, Ben realized that reading seemed easier with Max’s cmpany. The presence f the gray cat made him feel mre relaxed and cmfrtable. He nticed that Max’s purring had a calming effect n him, allwing him t fcus better n the wrds in frnt f him. Ben was amazed by hw much he enjyed reading alud t Max. Still, he was surprised when Ms. Delgad gave him the Mst Imprved Reader award. Ben felt a sense f pride and accmplishment as he held the certificate in his hands. He culdn’t wait t shw it t Max.
But n Saturday, Ben culdn’t find Max at the shelter. He lked arund the rm, hping t catch a glimpse f his feline friend. Hwever, Max was nwhere t be fund. Ben’s heart sank as he realized that smene might have adpted Max. Just then, Mrs. Patel walked int the visitrs’ rm, carrying Max. “I’m adpting him,” Mrs. Patel said. “Yu can cme ver every day t read t him.” Hearing what Mrs. Patel said, Ben jumped with excitement and threw his arms arund Mrs. Patel. Of curse, he didn’t frget t hug Max tightly wh gave a cntented purr.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Ben去动物收容所时，给一只名叫Max的猫读书，发现它好像听得懂似得，于是Ben提出想收养Max，但他妈妈有过敏症。他甚至告诉了他的邻居Patel太太关于Max的事。一周又一周，Ben意识到有了Max的陪伴，读书似乎变得更容易了，Ben还被老师授予“最进步读者奖”。Ben想去收容所告诉Max得奖的事情，却得知Max被收养了，结果原来是邻居Patel太太收养了Max。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“一周又一周，本意识到有马克斯的陪伴读书似乎更容易了。”可知，第一段可描写Ben在Max的陪伴下，朗读能力获得很大的提升，并获得老师的奖励。
②由第二段首句内容“但是星期六，本在收容所找不到马克斯。”可知，第二段可描写Ben找不到Max的感受，以及最后知道Patel太太收养了Max后的反应。
2. 续写线索：老师安排去给猫读书——遇到Max——想收养Max但是不行——发现自己在Max陪伴下朗读能力提高——获得进步奖——想告诉Max——Max不见了——得知Max被Patel收养——高兴。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①注意到：ntice/perceive/nte
②集中注意力：fcus n/cncentrate n/thrw neself int
③走近：walk int/ step int
情绪类
①惊讶的：amazed/surprised/astunded。
②兴奋：excitement/enthusiasm/thrill
【点睛】[高分句型1]He nticed that Max’s purring had a calming effect n him, allwing him t fcus better n the wrds in frnt f him. (that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Of curse, he didn’t frget t hug Max tightly wh gave a cntented purr. (wh引导的定语从句)
第五档
（21~25分）
1.创造了丰富合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整与原文情境融洽度高。
2.使用了多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构，可能有个别小错，但完全不影响理解
3.有效地使用了语句间的衔接手段。全文结构清晰，意义连贯。
第四档
（16~20分）
1.创造了比较丰富合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度高。
2.使用了比较多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构。可能有些许错误，但不影响理解。
3.比较有效地使用了语句间的衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。
第三档
（11~15分）
1.创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关。
2.使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有一些错误或不恰当之处，但基本不影响理解。
3.基本有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。
第二档
（6~10分）
1.内容或逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文情境有一定程度脱节。
2.所使用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多，影响理解。
3.未能有效地使用语句间的衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义不够连贯。
第一档
（1~5分）
1.内容或逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节。
2.所使用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误很多，严重影响理解。
3.几乎没有使用语句间的衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意不连贯。
零分
未作答，所写内容太少或无法看清，以致无法评判。所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。