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新教材（广西专用）高考英语二轮复习专题四语篇填空课件
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这是一份新教材（广西专用）高考英语二轮复习专题四语篇填空课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，高考命题透析，解题策略指导，考点一有提示词，类型1 提示词为动词，◆考查谓语动词 ，◆考查非谓语动词 ，◆考查派生词 ，类型2 提示词为名词，类型3 提示词为代词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
N.1 考情透析•明晰语篇填空考什么
N.2 读文总策略•破解语篇填空3步法
N.3 题型微技法•突破语篇填空9大类型
N.4 真题实战•经典对练拿高分
语篇填空题着重从句子和语篇两个层面, 考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用语法、词汇与语篇知识, 对语言的结构形式、意义呈现与功能表达等的综合运用能力, 对考生分析句子特征、理解语篇结构、把握语篇主题与话题以及熟练使用语法知识等方面的能力要求比较高。语篇填空题的测试点包括词法、句子关系以及在具体情境中如何确保语义连贯的篇章知识等。下面通过分析全国高考真题, 为大家总结出语篇填空的解题3步法: 完形—定性—顺意。
【典例印证】(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi’an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China’s lng histry. It 61 (build) riginally t prtect the city 62 the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred(修复). It is pssible 63 (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters. We accessed the wall thrugh the Suth Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and frm here yu can see streams f peple mving inside and utside the City Wall.
After 64 (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what 65 (gd) than t ride n a piece f histry! We 66 (hire) ur bikes frm the rental place at the Suth Gate. My bike was ld and shaky 67 did the jb. It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all 68 way arund the Xi’an City Wall. Suppsedly yu can d it in tw hurs, but we stpped at the different gates and 69 (watchtwer) t take pictures r just t watch the lcal peple ging abut their 70 (day) rutines.
语篇导读本文介绍了西安城墙的历史、景观及作者游玩西安城墙的体验。解题流程第一步:完形——解决词形转换问题完形指通过判断所给提示词在句中所做的成分及其词性后, 完成词形的转换。
分析: 61.was built 考查动词的时态和语态。主语It 指代The Xi’an City Wall, 与build是动宾关系, 故用被动语态; 根据下文的the Tang dynasty可知, 此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。63.t walk 考查非谓语动词。it is pssible t d sth为固定搭配, 意为 “做某事是可能的”。故填t walk。64.spending 考查非谓语动词。在介词After后用非谓语动词, spend与其逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系, 故填spending。
65.better 考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的than可知, 这里用比较级形式。66.hired 考查动词的时态。根据下文的 “My bike was ld and shaky...” 中的时态可知, 此处应用一般过去时。69.watchtwers 考查名词单复数。watchtwer表示 “瞭望塔”, 是可数名词。根据空格前的different gates and可知, 此处应用复数形式。70.daily 考查词类转换。空格处在名词rutines前做定语, 应用形容词, daily rutines在此处表示“日常生活”。
第二步:定性——解决无提示词填空问题定性即根据设题的类型来决定设空处的词性。
分析: 62.in 考查介词。表示 “在某个朝代” 用介词in。67.but 考查连词。My bike was ld and shaky与did the jb是转折关系。故填but。68.the 考查冠词。此处表示沿着西安城墙走完全程花费了三个小时, 应用短语all the way, 意为 “一直; 自始至终”。
第三步:顺意——根据语意验证答案通过对设空的位置、词性及成分的分析填出答案后, 还需要最后一步——顺意。也就是说, 理解设空处所在句子的意思尤为关键, 这也是对此题的最后一个检查过程。分析: 67.本题必须认真分析句意才能顺利解题。此句的难点是理解ld and shaky和did the jb在语境中的含义。结合上下文语境可知, 设空处前后两部分之间是转折关系, 这是解答本题的关键。
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东新高考质量测评联盟4月联考) Bai, a classic prductin by the China Natinal Opera and Dance Drama Theatre, 37 (tuch) a chrd with glbal audiences thrugh the telling f a lifelng jurney f the literary giant Li Bai s far...
答案 has tuched 解析 分析句子成分可知, 设空处做谓语; 根据时间状语s far可知, 此处应用现在完成时; 主语为Li Bai, 因此谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has tuched。
B(2022·全国甲卷)Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute.He flew 4,700 kilmetres frm Xi’an t Kashgar n Sept.20, 70 (plan) t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
答案 planning解析 分析句子结构可知,所填的词要用非谓语动词形式。plan与主语He为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用动词-ing形式做伴随状语。
C(2021·湖北黄冈4月调研)... T begin with, human beings are 60 (frget) beings; therefre, nly when we use knwledge, make mistakes, and try t use it again will we be able t remember it by heart...
答案 frgetful 解析 根据设空处后的名词beings可知, 此处应用形容词frgetful做定语。故填frgetful。
【对点微练习】A(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate 62 (ppulatin) and hmes f giant pandas,and eventually achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
答案 ppulatins解析 根据前面的separate可知,此处用名词复数形式。故用ppulatins。
B(2021·江苏南京、盐城高三下学期第一次模拟)... The gap between putting ut ld fire and burning the wd t btain new fire wuld be three, five, r seven days accrding t different 62 (histry) recrds. ...
答案 histrical 解析 分析句子成分可知, 设空处修饰后面的名词recrds, 应用形容词, 所以此处应填histrical。注意: histric “历史上著名(重要)的”, 在此处不符合语境, 故只能用histrical, 表示 “(有关)历史的”。
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东济南高三模拟考试) the peratic arts develped, perfrmers gradually tk ff their masks and painted clurful patterns n their faces instead, s peple culd better see 38 (they) facial expressins. ...
答案 their 解析 分析句子成分可知, 设空处修饰后面的名词短语facial expressins, 应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
B(2022·全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremny,pening 70 (it) first exhibitin:The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
答案 its解析 空后是名词短语first exhibitin,故需要用形容词性物主代词修饰。
类型4 提示词为形容词和副词
【对点微练习】A(2022·山东临沂高三一模)... A few years ag, psychlgists at the University f Califrnia, San Dieg, discvered when wrds r phrases are repeated a few times, they can start t sund 39 (much) like singing than speaking ...
答案 mre解析 根据设空处后面的than可知,此处应用形容词的比较级。故填mre。
B(2022·全国乙卷)As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day,the birthplace f tea and the largest tea-prducing cuntry,China has a 65 (respnsible) t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry.
答案 respnsibility解析 根据空前的冠词a可知,空格处需要用名词形式。have a respnsibility t d sth表示“有责任做某事”。
【对点微练习】A(2021·广东佛山质检) language barrier can be 39 big challenge fr freigners. There are a few reasns fr this...
答案 a 解析 句意: 语言障碍对外国人来说会是一个很大的挑战。challenge在此处表示泛指, 且big是以辅音音素开头的词。故填a。
B(2022·全国甲卷) 64 friend f his,Wu Fan,vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
答案 A解析 根据空格后的“friend f his”可知,此处指“他的一个朋友”,所以用不定冠词,friend以辅音音素开头且空格位于句首,首字母大写,故填A。
【对点微练习】A(2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day,which was named fficially 61 the United Natins n Nvember 27th,2019.
答案 by解析 此处be named by表示“由……命名”。根据前面的被动语态was named可知,此处填介词by表被动。
B(2021·山东济南4月适应性考试) they came up 39 an idea f creating a brief set f lessns frm which kids and adults culd learn easily t prgramme. ...
答案 with 解析 句意: 然后他们想出了一个主意, 创建一套简单的课程, 孩子和成年人可以轻松地从这套课程中学习编程。cme up with意为 “想出; 想到”, 是固定短语。故填with。
【对点微练习】A(2023·广东深圳高三第一次调研)Fr Greek phtgrapher Gerge Dupas, Beijing is hme nw. During the past decade, he has been phtgraphing the city, capturing its beauty 36 sharing these phts nline and in exhibitins.
答案 and解析 根据句意和空格后的sharing分析句子可知, sharing和上文的phtgraphing以及capturing是并列关系, 所以空格处应该填入并列连词and。故填and。
B(2021·浙江杭州高三质检) Kurien felt dwn with the life in his huse 58 decided t mve int this ld age hme...
答案 and 解析 分析句子成分可知, 空格前后是两个并列成分; 根据句意可知, Kurien先生对自己家里的生活感到沮丧, 决定搬到养老院。前后两部分属于并列关系, 故填and。
类型4 填从属连词或关系代/副词
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东烟台一模)...“Smetimes it desn’t seem real because we are clse t a city f eight millin residents 39 generate nise every day, ” said Camil Cantr, a caretaker in the park, whse jb is t mix water and sugar and put it in bird feeders alng a 300-meter path.“The park is a truly special place, like an asis(绿洲). It is a place where peple can g t ease stress, frget abut trubles and get a break frm the busy city life,” he added. ...
答案 that/wh 解析 空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词residents, 引导词在从句中做主语, 指人, 应用关系代词that或wh引导。故填that/wh。
B(2023·广西北海高三一模)The series tells a stry abut fficials frm Tianji 63 help lift peple ut f pverty.
答案 wh/ that解析 因为先行词fficials指人, 且关系词在从句中做主语, 故用关系代词wh或that。
【对点微练习】A(2021·湖北六校联考) Athey at the University f Trnt pints ut micrfiber invlved is chemically treated. 44 is believed that washing jeans less ften culd help reduce the pllutin effectively.
答案 It 解析 此处表示人们认为少洗牛仔裤可以有效地减少污染, 应用句型it is believed that..., it做形式主语, that从句为真正的主语。故填It。
B(2021·广东综合检测)It’s just anther day fr William Lindesay. It begins by spending sme time with his sns... and the Great Wall f China. He has lst cunt f the number f times he has climbed the wall. Hwever, he still remembers the day when he first saw 62 .
答案 it 解析 此处表示他仍然记得第一次看到长城的那一天, 空格处指代的是长城, 应用代词it。
A(2023·全国甲卷)Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables(寓言) 1.______________ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm. Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well-knwn Aesp’s fables date t the 2. (six) century, , the frm f the fable still has values tday, 3. Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw.”
Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fable. In fact, her style and tne(口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America 4. all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,”her fable begins, 5. (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables. Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message 6. (intend) fr everyne. 7. (difference) frm traditinal fables, Carsn’s stry ends with an accusatin instead f a mral. She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility 8. saving their envirnment.
The themes f traditinal fables ften deal with simple truths abut everyday life. Hwever, Casn’s theme is a mre weighty 9. (warn) abut envirnmental destructin. Carsn prves that a simple literary frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still 10. (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了寓言故事的功能及Carsn所创作的寓言故事的特点等。1.答案 t teach解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 本句中的have tld为谓语动词, 空前没有连词, 故teach需用不定式形式做目的状语, 句意为“人们讲述寓言故事是为了告诉我们经验教训或者传递智慧”。故填t teach。2.答案 sixth解析 考查数词。结合句意可知, 此处的the sixth century表示“第六个世纪”。故填sixth。
3.答案 as解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 本句为非限制性定语从句, 表示“正如Rachel Carsn所说的那样”。as引导非限制性定语从句, 意为“正如、正像”。故填as。4.答案 where解析 考查定语从句。本句中a twn为先行词, “all life seemed t enjy peaceful...”为定语从句, 从句中缺少地点状语, 故用关系副词where引导。故填where。5.答案 brrwing解析 考查非谓语动词。本句中begins为谓语动词, 故此处brrw需用非谓语动词形式, 由于brrw与逻辑主语her fable构成主动关系, 故用现在分词brrwing。故填brrwing。
6.答案 intended解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 本句中的谓语是系动词is, 故此处需用非谓语动词形式, be intended fr “专为……设计”, 此处intended做后置定语。故填intended。7.答案 Different解析 考查形容词。(be)different frm意为“与……不同”, 为固定搭配。此处的different frm traditinal fables为形容词短语做状语, 位于句首首字母要大写。故填Different。8.答案 fr解析 考查介词。take respnsibility fr为固定搭配, 表示“为……负责任”。故填fr。
9.答案 warning解析 考查词性转换。根据前面的不定冠词a可知, 此处需要用名词形式warning, 表示“警告; 警示”。故填warning。10.答案 be emplyed解析 考查被动语态。结合前面的情态动词can可知, 此处需要用动词原形, 前面的主语a simple literary frm与emply之间为被动关系, 应用被动语态。故填be emplyed。
B(2021·全国乙卷)Ecturism is cmmnly regarded as lw impact(影响) travel t undisturbed places. It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme 1. (educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics, and ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the 2. (develp) f the lcal areas. Ecturism has 3. (it) rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s. It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept 4. the late 1980s. During that time, increasing envirnmental awareness made it desirable.
Due t 5. grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types 6. trips are nw being classified as ecturism. Actually, a true ec-friendly trip must meet the fllwing principles: •Minimize the impact f 7. (visit) the place. •Build respect fr and awareness f the envirnment and cultural practices. •Prvide 8. (finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples. •Make sure that the turism prvides psitive experiences fr bth the visitrs and the hsts.
Kmd Natinal Park, fficially recgnized in 1980, is ppular fr ecturism because f its unique bidiversity. 9. (activity) there range frm whale watching t hiking(远足) and accmmdatins aim 10. (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生态旅游和传统旅游的区别以及生态旅游需要遵循的原则。1. 答案 educated 解析 分析句子成分可知, 所填的词做表语。由于educate和the traveler之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系, 故用动词-ed形式。2. 答案 develpment 解析 根据空格前面的定冠词the可知, 所填的词是名词形式, 故用develpment。
3. 答案 its 解析 分析句子成分可知, 所填的词修饰名词rigin做定语, 故用形容词性物主代词。4. 答案 until 解析 分析句子成分并结合前面的nt可知, 本句是结构。5. 答案 the 解析 所填的词位于名词的前面, 且名词后有f短语做定语, 因此该名词是特指, 故用定冠词。
6. 答案 f 解析 此处为短语varius types f..., 表示 “各种各样的……”。7. 答案 visiting 解析 所给的词是动词且位于介词后, 故用动词-ing形式。8. 答案 financial 解析 所填的词做定语, 修饰名词aid, 故用financial。9. 答案 Activities 解析 所给单词是名词, 且句子的谓语动词为range, 因此该名词要用复数形式。10. 答案 t have 解析 aim t d sth意为 “旨在做某事”, 故填t have。
A(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern. Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng 1. ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3, 000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully 2. (build) system f ring rads. But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place 3.____________ welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural 4. (wnder)standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
It is a distinct visual cntrast(反差)that shuldn’t wrk, 5.___________ smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin. 6. (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I 7.___________ (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while cnstantly grwing. As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years 8. (recrd)everything I discvered. The 9. (remark)develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld, 10. (mean)there is always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章的作者从一位摄影师的视角介绍了北京这座古典和现代完美融合的城市。1.答案t解析 考查介词。根据上文的“Frm Buddhist temples t museums”可知, 此处是“(frm) narrw hutngs ryal palaces”, 所以填t。 2.答案built解析 考查非谓语动词。build和“system f ring rads”有逻辑上的动宾关系, 所以用动词过去分词做定语。3.答案that/which解析 考查定语从句。先行词是a place, 关系词在限制性定语从句中做主语, 所以填that/which。
4.答案wnders解析 考查名词复数。wnder意为“奇迹”, 是可数名词。该词前没有单数修饰语, 所以用复数形式。5.答案but/yet解析 考查连词。根据语境可知, 前后两句是转折关系, 所以填but/yet。6.答案Having visited解析 考查非谓语动词。visit和句子的主语I有逻辑上的主谓关系, 且所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前, 所以用动词-ing形式的完成时。7.答案was amazed解析 考查动词的时态和语态。amaze和I是动宾关系, 且讲述的是过去发生的动作, 所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
8.答案recrding解析 考查非谓语动词。根据前面的spent可知, 此处为spend time (in) ding sth结构, 所以填recrding。9.答案remarkable解析 考查形容词。所填的词修饰名词develpment, 所以用形容词形式。10.答案means解析 考查主谓一致。“develpment f this city”是句子的主语, 讲述的是客观事实, 所以用一般现在时, 故填means。
B(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) China has becme the first cuntry t land a spacecraft n the far side f the mn. The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess—1. (tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. Landing n the mn’s far side is 2. (extreme) challenging. Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt 3. it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
The far side f the mn is f particular 4.__________(interesting)t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters(环形山), mre s 5. the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 6. (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says,“because it 7. (mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn 8. (cnstruct).”Data abut the mn’s cmpsitin, such as hw 9. ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether 10. (it) plans fr a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆, 彰显了中国成为第一个使探测器在月球背面着陆的国家的民族自豪感。1. 答案 tuched 解析 分析句子成分可知, 主语为The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe, 空格处为谓语动词。根据空格后的last week可知, 此处应用一般过去时。2. 答案 extremely 解析 空格处修饰形容词challenging, 应用副词。故填extremely。
5. 答案 than 解析 空格处与前面的mre构成比较结构。故填than。6. 答案 t find 解析 分析句子成分可知, 这里用不定式短语做目的状语。7. 答案 means 解析 根据上文的时态可知, 此处应用一般现在时, 主语为it, 故用mean的第三人称单数形式。
8. 答案 is cnstructed解析 分析句子成分可知, mn与动词cnstruct之间是被动关系, 故用被动语态。9. 答案 much 解析 空格后面的ice是不可数名词, 故用much修饰。10. 答案 its 解析 根据空格后的名词plans可知, 此处应使用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
A(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Decrating with Plants, Fruits andFlwers fr Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 1. (celebrate) marking the end f the winter seasn and the beginning f spring. This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers 2. (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3. (cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings. These are sme f the mst ppular in many parts f the cuntry:
Oranges: Orange trees are mre 4. decratin; they are a symbl f gd frtune and wealth. They make great gifts and yu see them many times 5. (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune. Bamb: Chinese lve their “Lucky Bamb” plants and yu will see them ften in their hmes and ffices. 6. (certain) during the hliday perid, this plant is a must. Bamb plants are assciated 7. health, abundance and a happy hme. They are easy 8. (care) fr and make great presents.
Branches f Plum Blssms(梅花): The 9. (beauty) lng branches cvered with pink-clred buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decratins. The plum trees are 10. first t flwer even as the snw is melting(融化). They represent the prmise f spring and a renewal f life.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国人过新年使用的一些装饰品以及各自的含义和寓意。1. 答案 celebratin 解析 根据空格前面的不定冠词a可知, 此处应用名词形式。2. 答案 carries 解析 该句含有why引导的表语从句, 从句的主语是decrating with plants, fruit and flwers, 所以谓语应用第三人称单数形式。
3. 答案 cming 解析 分析句子成分可知, 空格处应为非谓语动词形式, the earth与cme为逻辑上的主谓关系, 应用动词-ing形式。4. 答案 than 解析 根据前面的mre以及后面的a symbl f gd frtune and wealth可知, 此处用than。mre than在此处意为 “不仅仅是”。5. 答案 decrated 解析 分析句子成分可知, 此处为 “see+宾语+宾语补足语” 结构, decrate与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系, 所以用动词-ed形式。
6. 答案 Certainly 解析 空格处位于句首, 修饰整个句子, 应该用副词形式。7. 答案 with 解析 be assciated with是固定搭配, 意为 “与……有关”。8. 答案 t care 解析 此处为 “be+adj.+t d” 结构。故填t care。
9. 答案 beautiful 解析 根据空格后面的lng branches可知, 此处应用形容词修饰名词。10. 答案 the 解析 空格处修饰后面的序数词first, 所以用定冠词, 特指 “第一个”。
B(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) In ancient China lived an artist 1. paintings were almst lifelike. The artist’s reputatin had made him prud. One day the emperr wanted t get his prtrait(画像) dne s he called all great artists t cme and present their 2. (fine) wrk, s that he culd chse the best. The artist was sure he wuld 3. (chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld man laughed. The wise ld man tld him t travel t the Li River—perhaps he culd learn a little frm the greatest artist in the wrld.
Filled with 4. (curius), the artist packed his bags and left. 5. he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and 6._______________ (pint) dwn the river. The next mrning he hired a bat and set ut 7. (find) the well-knwn painter. As the small bat mved 8. (gentle) alng the river he was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and muntains in many shades f blue. And when he saw the mists rising frm the river and the sft cluds 9. (surrund) the muntain tps, he was reduced t tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 10. earth, Mther Nature.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位画家的画栩栩如生, 有一天他将画拿给宰相看时, 这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。1. 答案 whse 解析 空格处引导定语从句, 修饰先行词artist, 且定语从句中缺少定语, 故用whse引导。2. 答案 finest 解析 根据空格后的s that he culd chse the best可知, 这里表示展现出他们最好的作品, 故用形容词的最高级finest。
3. 答案 be chsen 解析 wuld后需跟动词原形, 主语he与谓语动词chse之间是被动关系, 故用be chsen。4. 答案 curisity 解析 with为介词, 后面需要跟名词做宾语。filled with curisity表示 “充满好奇”。5. 答案 When/As 解析 句意:当他问漓江岸上的村民在哪里能找到这位传奇的艺术家时, 他们微笑着指向河的下游。此处表示 “当……的时候”, 故用When/As。
6. 答案 pinted 解析 根据空格前的动词smiled可知, 此处也应用一般过去时, 表示当时的动作。7. 答案 t find 解析 句意:第二天早晨, 他租了一条船, 出发去寻找那位著名的画家。这里用动词不定式表示目的。故填t find。8. 答案 gently 解析 分析句子成分可知, 这里应用副词gently来修饰动词mved。
9. 答案 surrunding 解析 根据the mists rising frm the river and可知, 空格处与rising并列, 应用动词-ing形式。故填surrunding。10. 答案 n 解析 n earth为固定搭配, 意为 “在世界上”。
C(2020·浙江卷) Sme time after 10,000 BC, peple made the first real attempt t cntrl the wrld they lived 1. , thrugh agriculture. Over thusands f years, they began t depend less n 2. culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild, and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
Farming prduced mre fd per persn 3. hunting and gathering, s peple were able t raise mre children. And, as mre children were brn, mre fd 4. (need). Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy 5. (change) lives. By abut 6,000 BC, peple 6. (discver) the best crps t grw and animals t raise. Later, they learned t wrk with the 7.___________ (seasn), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 8. (make) use f annual flds t irrigate(灌溉) their fields.
This style f farming lasted fr quite a lng time. Then, with 9.________ rise f science, changes began. New methds 10. (mean) that fewer peple wrked in farming. In the last century r s, these changes have accelerated. New pwer machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥) have nw ttally transfrmed a way f life that started in the Stne Age.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了农业的发展史。1. 答案 in 解析 根据空格前的the wrld they lived可知, 此处指 “他们生活的世界”, live为不及物动词, 后需跟介词in再跟地点名词。故填in。2. 答案 what 解析 分析句子成分可知, 空格处引导宾语从句; 根据空格后的culd be hunted可知, 从句中缺少主语, 因此需用what。故填what。
3. 答案 than 解析 根据空格前的mre fd可知, 此处是将Farming与hunting and gathering进行比较。故填than。4. 答案 was needed 解析 所给提示词need和主语mre fd之间为动宾关系, 因此需用被动语态; 根据上一句的were brn可知, 此处应用一般过去时且fd为不可数名词, 因此需填was needed。5. 答案 t change 解析 分析句子成分可知, 空格处做目的状语, 因此应用动词不定式。故填t change。
6. 答案 had discvered 解析 根据时间状语By abut 6,000 BC可知, 此处需用过去完成时。故填had discvered。7. 答案 seasns 解析 此处表示他们学着随着季节耕作, 所给词汇seasn为可数名词, 因此需用复数形式。故填seasns。8. 答案 making 解析 分析句子成分可知, make use f和逻辑主语they之间存在主谓关系, 因此需用动词-ing形式做状语。故填making。
N.1 考情透析•明晰语篇填空考什么
N.2 读文总策略•破解语篇填空3步法
N.3 题型微技法•突破语篇填空9大类型
N.4 真题实战•经典对练拿高分
语篇填空题着重从句子和语篇两个层面, 考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用语法、词汇与语篇知识, 对语言的结构形式、意义呈现与功能表达等的综合运用能力, 对考生分析句子特征、理解语篇结构、把握语篇主题与话题以及熟练使用语法知识等方面的能力要求比较高。语篇填空题的测试点包括词法、句子关系以及在具体情境中如何确保语义连贯的篇章知识等。下面通过分析全国高考真题, 为大家总结出语篇填空的解题3步法: 完形—定性—顺意。
【典例印证】(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi’an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China’s lng histry. It 61 (build) riginally t prtect the city 62 the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred(修复). It is pssible 63 (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters. We accessed the wall thrugh the Suth Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and frm here yu can see streams f peple mving inside and utside the City Wall.
After 64 (spend) sme time lking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time fr sme actin and what 65 (gd) than t ride n a piece f histry! We 66 (hire) ur bikes frm the rental place at the Suth Gate. My bike was ld and shaky 67 did the jb. It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all 68 way arund the Xi’an City Wall. Suppsedly yu can d it in tw hurs, but we stpped at the different gates and 69 (watchtwer) t take pictures r just t watch the lcal peple ging abut their 70 (day) rutines.
语篇导读本文介绍了西安城墙的历史、景观及作者游玩西安城墙的体验。解题流程第一步:完形——解决词形转换问题完形指通过判断所给提示词在句中所做的成分及其词性后, 完成词形的转换。
分析: 61.was built 考查动词的时态和语态。主语It 指代The Xi’an City Wall, 与build是动宾关系, 故用被动语态; 根据下文的the Tang dynasty可知, 此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。63.t walk 考查非谓语动词。it is pssible t d sth为固定搭配, 意为 “做某事是可能的”。故填t walk。64.spending 考查非谓语动词。在介词After后用非谓语动词, spend与其逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系, 故填spending。
65.better 考查形容词比较级。根据空格后的than可知, 这里用比较级形式。66.hired 考查动词的时态。根据下文的 “My bike was ld and shaky...” 中的时态可知, 此处应用一般过去时。69.watchtwers 考查名词单复数。watchtwer表示 “瞭望塔”, 是可数名词。根据空格前的different gates and可知, 此处应用复数形式。70.daily 考查词类转换。空格处在名词rutines前做定语, 应用形容词, daily rutines在此处表示“日常生活”。
第二步:定性——解决无提示词填空问题定性即根据设题的类型来决定设空处的词性。
分析: 62.in 考查介词。表示 “在某个朝代” 用介词in。67.but 考查连词。My bike was ld and shaky与did the jb是转折关系。故填but。68.the 考查冠词。此处表示沿着西安城墙走完全程花费了三个小时, 应用短语all the way, 意为 “一直; 自始至终”。
第三步:顺意——根据语意验证答案通过对设空的位置、词性及成分的分析填出答案后, 还需要最后一步——顺意。也就是说, 理解设空处所在句子的意思尤为关键, 这也是对此题的最后一个检查过程。分析: 67.本题必须认真分析句意才能顺利解题。此句的难点是理解ld and shaky和did the jb在语境中的含义。结合上下文语境可知, 设空处前后两部分之间是转折关系, 这是解答本题的关键。
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东新高考质量测评联盟4月联考) Bai, a classic prductin by the China Natinal Opera and Dance Drama Theatre, 37 (tuch) a chrd with glbal audiences thrugh the telling f a lifelng jurney f the literary giant Li Bai s far...
答案 has tuched 解析 分析句子成分可知, 设空处做谓语; 根据时间状语s far可知, 此处应用现在完成时; 主语为Li Bai, 因此谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has tuched。
B(2022·全国甲卷)Nw, Ca has started the secnd part f his dream t walk alng the Belt and Rad rute.He flew 4,700 kilmetres frm Xi’an t Kashgar n Sept.20, 70 (plan) t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
答案 planning解析 分析句子结构可知,所填的词要用非谓语动词形式。plan与主语He为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用动词-ing形式做伴随状语。
C(2021·湖北黄冈4月调研)... T begin with, human beings are 60 (frget) beings; therefre, nly when we use knwledge, make mistakes, and try t use it again will we be able t remember it by heart...
答案 frgetful 解析 根据设空处后的名词beings可知, 此处应用形容词frgetful做定语。故填frgetful。
【对点微练习】A(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate 62 (ppulatin) and hmes f giant pandas,and eventually achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
答案 ppulatins解析 根据前面的separate可知,此处用名词复数形式。故用ppulatins。
B(2021·江苏南京、盐城高三下学期第一次模拟)... The gap between putting ut ld fire and burning the wd t btain new fire wuld be three, five, r seven days accrding t different 62 (histry) recrds. ...
答案 histrical 解析 分析句子成分可知, 设空处修饰后面的名词recrds, 应用形容词, 所以此处应填histrical。注意: histric “历史上著名(重要)的”, 在此处不符合语境, 故只能用histrical, 表示 “(有关)历史的”。
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东济南高三模拟考试) the peratic arts develped, perfrmers gradually tk ff their masks and painted clurful patterns n their faces instead, s peple culd better see 38 (they) facial expressins. ...
答案 their 解析 分析句子成分可知, 设空处修饰后面的名词短语facial expressins, 应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
B(2022·全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremny,pening 70 (it) first exhibitin:The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
答案 its解析 空后是名词短语first exhibitin,故需要用形容词性物主代词修饰。
类型4 提示词为形容词和副词
【对点微练习】A(2022·山东临沂高三一模)... A few years ag, psychlgists at the University f Califrnia, San Dieg, discvered when wrds r phrases are repeated a few times, they can start t sund 39 (much) like singing than speaking ...
答案 mre解析 根据设空处后面的than可知,此处应用形容词的比较级。故填mre。
B(2022·全国乙卷)As a main prmter f the Internatinal Tea Day,the birthplace f tea and the largest tea-prducing cuntry,China has a 65 (respnsible) t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry.
答案 respnsibility解析 根据空前的冠词a可知,空格处需要用名词形式。have a respnsibility t d sth表示“有责任做某事”。
【对点微练习】A(2021·广东佛山质检) language barrier can be 39 big challenge fr freigners. There are a few reasns fr this...
答案 a 解析 句意: 语言障碍对外国人来说会是一个很大的挑战。challenge在此处表示泛指, 且big是以辅音音素开头的词。故填a。
B(2022·全国甲卷) 64 friend f his,Wu Fan,vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
答案 A解析 根据空格后的“friend f his”可知,此处指“他的一个朋友”,所以用不定冠词,friend以辅音音素开头且空格位于句首,首字母大写,故填A。
【对点微练习】A(2022·全国乙卷)May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day,which was named fficially 61 the United Natins n Nvember 27th,2019.
答案 by解析 此处be named by表示“由……命名”。根据前面的被动语态was named可知,此处填介词by表被动。
B(2021·山东济南4月适应性考试) they came up 39 an idea f creating a brief set f lessns frm which kids and adults culd learn easily t prgramme. ...
答案 with 解析 句意: 然后他们想出了一个主意, 创建一套简单的课程, 孩子和成年人可以轻松地从这套课程中学习编程。cme up with意为 “想出; 想到”, 是固定短语。故填with。
【对点微练习】A(2023·广东深圳高三第一次调研)Fr Greek phtgrapher Gerge Dupas, Beijing is hme nw. During the past decade, he has been phtgraphing the city, capturing its beauty 36 sharing these phts nline and in exhibitins.
答案 and解析 根据句意和空格后的sharing分析句子可知, sharing和上文的phtgraphing以及capturing是并列关系, 所以空格处应该填入并列连词and。故填and。
B(2021·浙江杭州高三质检) Kurien felt dwn with the life in his huse 58 decided t mve int this ld age hme...
答案 and 解析 分析句子成分可知, 空格前后是两个并列成分; 根据句意可知, Kurien先生对自己家里的生活感到沮丧, 决定搬到养老院。前后两部分属于并列关系, 故填and。
类型4 填从属连词或关系代/副词
【对点微练习】A(2021·山东烟台一模)...“Smetimes it desn’t seem real because we are clse t a city f eight millin residents 39 generate nise every day, ” said Camil Cantr, a caretaker in the park, whse jb is t mix water and sugar and put it in bird feeders alng a 300-meter path.“The park is a truly special place, like an asis(绿洲). It is a place where peple can g t ease stress, frget abut trubles and get a break frm the busy city life,” he added. ...
答案 that/wh 解析 空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词residents, 引导词在从句中做主语, 指人, 应用关系代词that或wh引导。故填that/wh。
B(2023·广西北海高三一模)The series tells a stry abut fficials frm Tianji 63 help lift peple ut f pverty.
答案 wh/ that解析 因为先行词fficials指人, 且关系词在从句中做主语, 故用关系代词wh或that。
【对点微练习】A(2021·湖北六校联考) Athey at the University f Trnt pints ut micrfiber invlved is chemically treated. 44 is believed that washing jeans less ften culd help reduce the pllutin effectively.
答案 It 解析 此处表示人们认为少洗牛仔裤可以有效地减少污染, 应用句型it is believed that..., it做形式主语, that从句为真正的主语。故填It。
B(2021·广东综合检测)It’s just anther day fr William Lindesay. It begins by spending sme time with his sns... and the Great Wall f China. He has lst cunt f the number f times he has climbed the wall. Hwever, he still remembers the day when he first saw 62 .
答案 it 解析 此处表示他仍然记得第一次看到长城的那一天, 空格处指代的是长城, 应用代词it。
A(2023·全国甲卷)Fr thusands f years, peple have tld fables(寓言) 1.______________ (teach) a lessn r t pass n wisdm. Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well-knwn Aesp’s fables date t the 2. (six) century, , the frm f the fable still has values tday, 3. Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw.”
Carsn uses a simple, direct style cmmn t fable. In fact, her style and tne(口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was nce a twn in the heart f America 4. all life seemed t enjy peaceful c-existence with its surrundings,”her fable begins, 5. (brrw) sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables. Behind the simple style, hwever, is a serius message 6. (intend) fr everyne. 7. (difference) frm traditinal fables, Carsn’s stry ends with an accusatin instead f a mral. She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility 8. saving their envirnment.
The themes f traditinal fables ften deal with simple truths abut everyday life. Hwever, Casn’s theme is a mre weighty 9. (warn) abut envirnmental destructin. Carsn prves that a simple literary frm that has been passed dwn thrugh the ages can still 10. (emply) tday t draw attentin t imprtant truths.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了寓言故事的功能及Carsn所创作的寓言故事的特点等。1.答案 t teach解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 本句中的have tld为谓语动词, 空前没有连词, 故teach需用不定式形式做目的状语, 句意为“人们讲述寓言故事是为了告诉我们经验教训或者传递智慧”。故填t teach。2.答案 sixth解析 考查数词。结合句意可知, 此处的the sixth century表示“第六个世纪”。故填sixth。
3.答案 as解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 本句为非限制性定语从句, 表示“正如Rachel Carsn所说的那样”。as引导非限制性定语从句, 意为“正如、正像”。故填as。4.答案 where解析 考查定语从句。本句中a twn为先行词, “all life seemed t enjy peaceful...”为定语从句, 从句中缺少地点状语, 故用关系副词where引导。故填where。5.答案 brrwing解析 考查非谓语动词。本句中begins为谓语动词, 故此处brrw需用非谓语动词形式, 由于brrw与逻辑主语her fable构成主动关系, 故用现在分词brrwing。故填brrwing。
6.答案 intended解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 本句中的谓语是系动词is, 故此处需用非谓语动词形式, be intended fr “专为……设计”, 此处intended做后置定语。故填intended。7.答案 Different解析 考查形容词。(be)different frm意为“与……不同”, 为固定搭配。此处的different frm traditinal fables为形容词短语做状语, 位于句首首字母要大写。故填Different。8.答案 fr解析 考查介词。take respnsibility fr为固定搭配, 表示“为……负责任”。故填fr。
9.答案 warning解析 考查词性转换。根据前面的不定冠词a可知, 此处需要用名词形式warning, 表示“警告; 警示”。故填warning。10.答案 be emplyed解析 考查被动语态。结合前面的情态动词can可知, 此处需要用动词原形, 前面的主语a simple literary frm与emply之间为被动关系, 应用被动语态。故填be emplyed。
B(2021·全国乙卷)Ecturism is cmmnly regarded as lw impact(影响) travel t undisturbed places. It is different frm traditinal turism because it allws the traveler t becme 1. (educate) abut the areas—bth in terms f gegraphical cnditins and cultural characteristics, and ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the 2. (develp) f the lcal areas. Ecturism has 3. (it) rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s. It was nt widely accepted as a travel cncept 4. the late 1980s. During that time, increasing envirnmental awareness made it desirable.
Due t 5. grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types 6. trips are nw being classified as ecturism. Actually, a true ec-friendly trip must meet the fllwing principles: •Minimize the impact f 7. (visit) the place. •Build respect fr and awareness f the envirnment and cultural practices. •Prvide 8. (finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples. •Make sure that the turism prvides psitive experiences fr bth the visitrs and the hsts.
Kmd Natinal Park, fficially recgnized in 1980, is ppular fr ecturism because f its unique bidiversity. 9. (activity) there range frm whale watching t hiking(远足) and accmmdatins aim 10. (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生态旅游和传统旅游的区别以及生态旅游需要遵循的原则。1. 答案 educated 解析 分析句子成分可知, 所填的词做表语。由于educate和the traveler之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系, 故用动词-ed形式。2. 答案 develpment 解析 根据空格前面的定冠词the可知, 所填的词是名词形式, 故用develpment。
3. 答案 its 解析 分析句子成分可知, 所填的词修饰名词rigin做定语, 故用形容词性物主代词。4. 答案 until 解析 分析句子成分并结合前面的nt可知, 本句是结构。5. 答案 the 解析 所填的词位于名词的前面, 且名词后有f短语做定语, 因此该名词是特指, 故用定冠词。
6. 答案 f 解析 此处为短语varius types f..., 表示 “各种各样的……”。7. 答案 visiting 解析 所给的词是动词且位于介词后, 故用动词-ing形式。8. 答案 financial 解析 所填的词做定语, 修饰名词aid, 故用financial。9. 答案 Activities 解析 所给单词是名词, 且句子的谓语动词为range, 因此该名词要用复数形式。10. 答案 t have 解析 aim t d sth意为 “旨在做某事”, 故填t have。
A(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the mdern. Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng 1. ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3, 000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully 2. (build) system f ring rads. But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place 3.____________ welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural 4. (wnder)standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
It is a distinct visual cntrast(反差)that shuldn’t wrk, 5.___________ smehw these tw very different wrlds make a gd cmbinatin. 6. (visit) several times ver the last 10 years, I 7.___________ (amaze) by the c-existence f ld and new, and hw a city was able t keep such a rich heritage(遗产) while cnstantly grwing. As a phtgrapher, I have spent the last tw years 8. (recrd)everything I discvered. The 9. (remark)develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld, 10. (mean)there is always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章的作者从一位摄影师的视角介绍了北京这座古典和现代完美融合的城市。1.答案t解析 考查介词。根据上文的“Frm Buddhist temples t museums”可知, 此处是“(frm) narrw hutngs ryal palaces”, 所以填t。 2.答案built解析 考查非谓语动词。build和“system f ring rads”有逻辑上的动宾关系, 所以用动词过去分词做定语。3.答案that/which解析 考查定语从句。先行词是a place, 关系词在限制性定语从句中做主语, 所以填that/which。
4.答案wnders解析 考查名词复数。wnder意为“奇迹”, 是可数名词。该词前没有单数修饰语, 所以用复数形式。5.答案but/yet解析 考查连词。根据语境可知, 前后两句是转折关系, 所以填but/yet。6.答案Having visited解析 考查非谓语动词。visit和句子的主语I有逻辑上的主谓关系, 且所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前, 所以用动词-ing形式的完成时。7.答案was amazed解析 考查动词的时态和语态。amaze和I是动宾关系, 且讲述的是过去发生的动作, 所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
8.答案recrding解析 考查非谓语动词。根据前面的spent可知, 此处为spend time (in) ding sth结构, 所以填recrding。9.答案remarkable解析 考查形容词。所填的词修饰名词develpment, 所以用形容词形式。10.答案means解析 考查主谓一致。“develpment f this city”是句子的主语, 讲述的是客观事实, 所以用一般现在时, 故填means。
B(2020·全国Ⅰ卷) China has becme the first cuntry t land a spacecraft n the far side f the mn. The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess—1. (tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin. Landing n the mn’s far side is 2. (extreme) challenging. Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt 3. it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
The far side f the mn is f particular 4.__________(interesting)t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters(环形山), mre s 5. the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 6. (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.“This really excites scientists,”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says,“because it 7. (mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn 8. (cnstruct).”Data abut the mn’s cmpsitin, such as hw 9. ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether 10. (it) plans fr a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了嫦娥四号无人探测器在月球背面成功着陆, 彰显了中国成为第一个使探测器在月球背面着陆的国家的民族自豪感。1. 答案 tuched 解析 分析句子成分可知, 主语为The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe, 空格处为谓语动词。根据空格后的last week可知, 此处应用一般过去时。2. 答案 extremely 解析 空格处修饰形容词challenging, 应用副词。故填extremely。
5. 答案 than 解析 空格处与前面的mre构成比较结构。故填than。6. 答案 t find 解析 分析句子成分可知, 这里用不定式短语做目的状语。7. 答案 means 解析 根据上文的时态可知, 此处应用一般现在时, 主语为it, 故用mean的第三人称单数形式。
8. 答案 is cnstructed解析 分析句子成分可知, mn与动词cnstruct之间是被动关系, 故用被动语态。9. 答案 much 解析 空格后面的ice是不可数名词, 故用much修饰。10. 答案 its 解析 根据空格后的名词plans可知, 此处应使用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
A(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)Decrating with Plants, Fruits andFlwers fr Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 1. (celebrate) marking the end f the winter seasn and the beginning f spring. This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers 2. (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 3. (cme) back t life and best wishes fr new beginnings. These are sme f the mst ppular in many parts f the cuntry:
Oranges: Orange trees are mre 4. decratin; they are a symbl f gd frtune and wealth. They make great gifts and yu see them many times 5. (decrate) with red envelpes and messages f gd frtune. Bamb: Chinese lve their “Lucky Bamb” plants and yu will see them ften in their hmes and ffices. 6. (certain) during the hliday perid, this plant is a must. Bamb plants are assciated 7. health, abundance and a happy hme. They are easy 8. (care) fr and make great presents.
Branches f Plum Blssms(梅花): The 9. (beauty) lng branches cvered with pink-clred buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decratins. The plum trees are 10. first t flwer even as the snw is melting(融化). They represent the prmise f spring and a renewal f life.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国人过新年使用的一些装饰品以及各自的含义和寓意。1. 答案 celebratin 解析 根据空格前面的不定冠词a可知, 此处应用名词形式。2. 答案 carries 解析 该句含有why引导的表语从句, 从句的主语是decrating with plants, fruit and flwers, 所以谓语应用第三人称单数形式。
3. 答案 cming 解析 分析句子成分可知, 空格处应为非谓语动词形式, the earth与cme为逻辑上的主谓关系, 应用动词-ing形式。4. 答案 than 解析 根据前面的mre以及后面的a symbl f gd frtune and wealth可知, 此处用than。mre than在此处意为 “不仅仅是”。5. 答案 decrated 解析 分析句子成分可知, 此处为 “see+宾语+宾语补足语” 结构, decrate与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系, 所以用动词-ed形式。
6. 答案 Certainly 解析 空格处位于句首, 修饰整个句子, 应该用副词形式。7. 答案 with 解析 be assciated with是固定搭配, 意为 “与……有关”。8. 答案 t care 解析 此处为 “be+adj.+t d” 结构。故填t care。
9. 答案 beautiful 解析 根据空格后面的lng branches可知, 此处应用形容词修饰名词。10. 答案 the 解析 空格处修饰后面的序数词first, 所以用定冠词, 特指 “第一个”。
B(2020·全国Ⅲ卷) In ancient China lived an artist 1. paintings were almst lifelike. The artist’s reputatin had made him prud. One day the emperr wanted t get his prtrait(画像) dne s he called all great artists t cme and present their 2. (fine) wrk, s that he culd chse the best. The artist was sure he wuld 3. (chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld man laughed. The wise ld man tld him t travel t the Li River—perhaps he culd learn a little frm the greatest artist in the wrld.
Filled with 4. (curius), the artist packed his bags and left. 5. he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and 6._______________ (pint) dwn the river. The next mrning he hired a bat and set ut 7. (find) the well-knwn painter. As the small bat mved 8. (gentle) alng the river he was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and muntains in many shades f blue. And when he saw the mists rising frm the river and the sft cluds 9. (surrund) the muntain tps, he was reduced t tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 10. earth, Mther Nature.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位画家的画栩栩如生, 有一天他将画拿给宰相看时, 这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。1. 答案 whse 解析 空格处引导定语从句, 修饰先行词artist, 且定语从句中缺少定语, 故用whse引导。2. 答案 finest 解析 根据空格后的s that he culd chse the best可知, 这里表示展现出他们最好的作品, 故用形容词的最高级finest。
3. 答案 be chsen 解析 wuld后需跟动词原形, 主语he与谓语动词chse之间是被动关系, 故用be chsen。4. 答案 curisity 解析 with为介词, 后面需要跟名词做宾语。filled with curisity表示 “充满好奇”。5. 答案 When/As 解析 句意:当他问漓江岸上的村民在哪里能找到这位传奇的艺术家时, 他们微笑着指向河的下游。此处表示 “当……的时候”, 故用When/As。
6. 答案 pinted 解析 根据空格前的动词smiled可知, 此处也应用一般过去时, 表示当时的动作。7. 答案 t find 解析 句意:第二天早晨, 他租了一条船, 出发去寻找那位著名的画家。这里用动词不定式表示目的。故填t find。8. 答案 gently 解析 分析句子成分可知, 这里应用副词gently来修饰动词mved。
9. 答案 surrunding 解析 根据the mists rising frm the river and可知, 空格处与rising并列, 应用动词-ing形式。故填surrunding。10. 答案 n 解析 n earth为固定搭配, 意为 “在世界上”。
C(2020·浙江卷) Sme time after 10,000 BC, peple made the first real attempt t cntrl the wrld they lived 1. , thrugh agriculture. Over thusands f years, they began t depend less n 2. culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild, and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
Farming prduced mre fd per persn 3. hunting and gathering, s peple were able t raise mre children. And, as mre children were brn, mre fd 4. (need). Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy 5. (change) lives. By abut 6,000 BC, peple 6. (discver) the best crps t grw and animals t raise. Later, they learned t wrk with the 7.___________ (seasn), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 8. (make) use f annual flds t irrigate(灌溉) their fields.
This style f farming lasted fr quite a lng time. Then, with 9.________ rise f science, changes began. New methds 10. (mean) that fewer peple wrked in farming. In the last century r s, these changes have accelerated. New pwer machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥) have nw ttally transfrmed a way f life that started in the Stne Age.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了农业的发展史。1. 答案 in 解析 根据空格前的the wrld they lived可知, 此处指 “他们生活的世界”, live为不及物动词, 后需跟介词in再跟地点名词。故填in。2. 答案 what 解析 分析句子成分可知, 空格处引导宾语从句; 根据空格后的culd be hunted可知, 从句中缺少主语, 因此需用what。故填what。
3. 答案 than 解析 根据空格前的mre fd可知, 此处是将Farming与hunting and gathering进行比较。故填than。4. 答案 was needed 解析 所给提示词need和主语mre fd之间为动宾关系, 因此需用被动语态; 根据上一句的were brn可知, 此处应用一般过去时且fd为不可数名词, 因此需填was needed。5. 答案 t change 解析 分析句子成分可知, 空格处做目的状语, 因此应用动词不定式。故填t change。
6. 答案 had discvered 解析 根据时间状语By abut 6,000 BC可知, 此处需用过去完成时。故填had discvered。7. 答案 seasns 解析 此处表示他们学着随着季节耕作, 所给词汇seasn为可数名词, 因此需用复数形式。故填seasns。8. 答案 making 解析 分析句子成分可知, make use f和逻辑主语they之间存在主谓关系, 因此需用动词-ing形式做状语。故填making。
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