2024年高考押题预测卷03（广东山东卷）英语（解析版）

这是一份2024年高考押题预测卷03（广东山东卷）英语（解析版），共20页。
英 语
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项 涂黑。
A
Oaks Farms is a cmbinatin f experiences that are designed t keep yur students engaged in fun and exciting learning pprtunities. We are truly a classrm withut walls, ffering educatr-develped prgrams and field trips. We invite yu here t explre sustainability (可持续发展), which includes nt nly the envirnment but als animal welfare, safety and ur cmmunity.
The Pig Adventure
This prgram will help yu learn all abut prk and its benefits and discver the grwth cycle f pigs frm little babies t full grwn-ups. Mnitr the develpment f baby pigs and see hw the farm wrks at the Prk Educatin Center. Yu will get first-hand knwledge abut hw ur feeding system wrks.
The Dairy Adventure
This prgram encurages yu t play as yu learn, by pening up a fun space fr dairy discvery including learning hw t use a “real” statin. Understand the nutritin f the animal prducts, and hw rbts are used in the Vluntary Milking System. Yu can start at the entrance t the adventure, and then stp by ur Birthing Barn, which is an independent educatin center, and take a lk inside.
The Crp Adventure
Explre the Crp Adventure prgram t learn abut the imprtance f wrking t feed
8 billin peple, the many uses f crn utside f cnsuming it, and hw we can be sustainable with limited resurces. See hw a tractr (拖拉机) can tell yu abut the nutrients in the sil. Explre hw technlgy assists farmers and the amazing bidiversity n the Farmer’s Garden.
The Pig Adventure ($3/student)
The Dairy Adventure ($5/student)
The Crp Adventure ($4/student)
Whle Adventures — include admissin t the Pig Adventure, the Dairy Adventure, and the Crp Adventure ($7/student)
1．What is Oaks Farms?
A．A special tur zne.B．A creative prgram.
C．An educatinal base.D．An adventurus activity.
2．What can peple d in the Dairy Adventure?
A．Taste sme delicius milk prducts.B．Witness the smart milking prcess.
C．Explre the prcess f pigs’ grwth.D．Understand the imprtance f nutritin.
3．What is the minimum cst fr visiting the Dairy Adventure and the Crp Adventure?
A．$7.B．$8.
C．$9.D．$10.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了橡树农场研学基地的三个活动项目。通过参与该农场提供的教育项目和进行实地考察，学生可以亲身参与到可持续发展的学习中来。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Oaks Farms is a cmbinatin f experiences that are designed t keep yur students engaged in fun and exciting learning pprtunities. We are truly a classrm withut walls, ffering educatr-develped prgrams and field trips.(奥克斯农场是一个经验的组合，旨在让你的学生从事有趣和令人兴奋的学习机会。我们真的是一个没有围墙的教室，提供教育工作者开发的项目和实地考察)”可知，橡树农场是一个研学基地。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据The Dairy Adventure部分中“Understand the nutritin f the animal prducts, and hw rbts are used in the Vluntary Milking System.(了解动物产品的营养，以及机器人如何在自动挤奶系统中使用)”可知，人们在那里可以见证智能挤奶的过程。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Whle Adventures — include admissin t the Pig Adventure, the Dairy Adventure, and the Crp Adventure ($7/student)(全程冒险——包括猪冒险，乳制品冒险和作物冒险的入场券（7美元/学生）)”以及“The Dairy Adventure ($5/student)；The Crp Adventure ($4/student)(奶牛场历险记（$5/学生）；农作物冒险（$4/学生）)”可知，若三个项目都参观，最少花费是7美元，如果单独参加需要5+4=9美元，故只参观the Dairy Adventure和the Crp Adventure最少花费也是7美元。故选A。
B
On a recent visit t her family hme in Atlanta, Stella came acrss sme papers frm her tenth- grade English class. Lking at her essays and the ntes, Stella was struck by hw the wrk she did in that class infrmed her wrk nw as an editr. Her teacher, Mr. Newman, always encuraged his students t dig deeper. Stella learned that the best way t understand literature is by asking, “What is this wrk trying t accmplish?” Nw, when she sits dwn t edit a manuscript (手稿) that’s ne f tw guiding questins Stella asks herself, fllwed by, “Hw can I help the authr fully realize that visin?”
Thse questins were at the tp f Stella’s mind when Freewater by Amina landed n her desk. As Stella made editrial suggestins, she was mindful f the balancing act invlved in writing abut a tpic as painful as slavery and ding s thrugh the eyes f a child. Stella kept a kid reader in mind-smene wh might have learned nly a part f this histry. Stella and Amina went back and frth in phne calls, e-mails, editrial letters, and ntes directly in the manuscript, until they agreed that Freewater was exactly where it needed t be.
The nvel hit bkshelves n February 1, 2022, and nearly a year later was awarded the Jhn Newbery Medal. Amina became nly the third Black wman t be awarded that medal in the award’s ne-hundred-and-ne-year histry, and Stella became the first Black editr t edit a Newbery-winning bk.
Stella’s strategic apprach t editing, persnal warmth, and keen editrial insight have wn her universal admiratin frm authrs and clleagues, wh als enjy her sense f humr and infectius laugh. She is a pwerful advcate fr all the authrs in her rbit, which recently came t include her mther, Wanda M. Mrris, whse nvel All Her Little Secrets has been widely acclaimed and even ptined fr TV.
4．What’s Stella’s tenth-grade English teacher like?
A．Humrus.B．Determined.C．Inspiring.D．Cautius.
5．What’s Stella’s majr cncern as an editr?
A．The nvelty f the manuscript.
B．The writer’s purpse f writing.
C．The writer’s understanding f literature.
D．The practical significance f the wrk.
6．What’s paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A．Why Amina created Freewater.B．Wh Freewater is intended fr.
C．What message Freewater cnveys.D．Hw Stella helped imprve Freewater.
7．What des the underlined wrd “acclaimed” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Applied.B．Adapted.C．Praised.D．Shared.
【答案】4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了编辑Stella在其职业生涯中的专业态度、策略方法以及取得的重要成就。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Her teacher, Mr. Newman, always encuraged his students t dig deeper. Stella learned that the best way t understand literature is by asking, “What is this wrk trying t accmplish?”(她的老师纽曼先生总是鼓励学生们深入探究。Stella从中学到，理解文学作品的最好方式就是问：“这部作品试图完成什么目标？”)”可推理出，这位老师是一个善于启发孩子们的心智的人，故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段““What is this wrk trying t accmplish?” Nw, when she sits dwn t edit a manuscript (手稿) that’s ne f tw guiding questins Stella asks herself, fllwed by, “Hw can I help the authr fully realize that visin?”(这部作品试图达成什么样的目标？现在，当Stella坐下来编辑手稿时，这是她问自己的两个指导性问题之一，紧接着的问题是，“我该如何帮助作者充分实现这一愿景？”)”可推理出，Stella作为编辑主要关心的是作者的写作目的，故选B项。
6．主旨大意题。根据第二段“As Stella made editrial suggestins, she was mindful f the balancing act invlved in writing abut a tpic as painful as slavery and ding s thrugh the eyes f a child(在Stella提出编辑建议时，她留意到了这其中的平衡把握：既要撰写像奴隶制这样痛苦的主题，又要通过一个孩子的视角来呈现这一主题。)”以及“Stella and Amina went back and frth in phne calls, e-mails, editrial letters, and ntes directly in the manuscript, until they agreed that Freewater was exactly where it needed t be(Stella 和 Amina 通过电话、电子邮件、编辑信件以及直接在手稿上的注释反复沟通交流，直到她们一致认为《Freewater》已经达到了应有的状态。)”可得出，第二段主要讲的是Stella 如何帮助改进《Freewater》，故选D项。
7．词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词下文“even ptined fr TV(甚至被选中改编为电视剧)”可知，小说被选中改编为电视剧，可推理出小说本身被高度“评价”，故选C项。
C
While an analysis f the Glbal Dietary Database fr the years 1990, 2005, and 2018 fund verall cnsumptin f sweetened drinks increased—by nearly 16% wrldwide ver the 28-year perid studied—reginal intake widely varied, researchers say.
Sugary drinks have been widely assciated with verweight and heart related diseases, which are amng the leading causes f death and years lst t disability glbally. Many natinal guidelines recmmend limiting added sugars t less than 5% t 10% f daily calries, and because sdas (汽水) add n nutritinal value, sme cuntries tax their cnsumptin t help their residents meet this gal.
The study, published in Nature Cmmunicatins, is the latest presentatin f hw adults in 185 cuntries drink sugar-sweetened beverages (饮料). Intakes varied widely by wrld regin. In 2018, the average persn cnsumed 2.7 servings f sugary drinks per week, but this ranged frm 0.7 servings per week in Suth Asia t 7.8 servings per week in Latin America. And sme f the highest sugary drink intakes in the wrld were amng urban, highly educated adults in Sub-Saharan Africa (12.4 servings per week) and in Latin America (8.5 servings per week). “We were struck by the wide variatins by wrld regins in 2018; that Latin America had the largest intakes at all time pints despite an verall decrease vertime; and that Sub-Saharan Africa had the greatest increases acrss all time pints,” says Laura Lara-Castr, a PhD candidate at Tufts University.
“These results suggest that mre wrk is needed such as marketing regulatins, fd labeling, and sda taxes.” Infrmatin frm the Glbal Dietary Database, which gathers hundreds f survey results, als revealed a relatinship between sugary beverages and sci-ecnmic status. “Sugar-sweetened beverage intake has increased in the past few decades despite effrts t decrease their appeal,” says researchers. “Sme ppulatins are especially easily affected, and ur findings prvide evidence t infrm the need and design f natinal and mre targeted plicies t reduce their intake wrldwide.”
8．What is the main cncern abut sugary drinks?
A．They are just a barrier t weight lss.B．They are linked t health issues.
C．They are far frm nutritin standard.D．They are a ttal waste f mney.
9．Why d sme cuntries tax the cnsumptin f sdas?
A．T increase incme fr the gvernment.B．T prmte the sales f healthier drinks.
C．T discurage peple frm drinking sdas.D．T set a limit t the price f sugary drinks.
10．What is the primary fcus f the study published in Nature Cmmunicatins?
A．Sugary drink cnsumptin trends.B．Impact f sda taxes n purchases.
C．Reginal variatins in dietary habits.D．Glbal dietary infrmatin analysis.
11．What can we infer frm the results f the study?
A．Sugary drinks have nthing t d with ecnmic status.
B．The appeal f sugary drinks cannt be underestimated.
C．Sme peple are very particular abut the sugary drinks.
D．Natinal plicies n sugary drinks are mre than enugh.
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．C 11．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了含糖饮料摄入量在过去几十年不断增加，人们对含糖饮料的渴望与居住的地方有关。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Sugary drinks have been widely assciated with verweight and heart related diseases, which are amng the leading causes f death and years lst t disability glbally. (人们普遍认为含糖饮料与超重和心脏相关疾病有关，而这些疾病是全球范围内导致死亡和残疾的主要原因之一。)”可知，人们对含糖饮料的主要担忧是它与健康问题有关。故选B。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many natinal guidelines recmmend limiting added sugars t less than 5% t 10% f daily calries, and because sdas (汽水) add n nutritinal value, sme cuntries tax their cnsumptin t help their residents meet this gal. (许多国家的指导方针建议将添加糖限制在每日热量的5%至10%以下，由于汽水没有增加营养价值，一些国家对其消费征税，以帮助其居民实现这一目标。)”可知，有的国家对汽水增加税收是为了让人们少喝没有营养价值的汽水，达到控制每日糖摄入量的目的。故选C。
10．细节理解题。 根据第三段“The study, published in Nature Cmmunicatins, is the latest presentatin f hw adults in 185 cuntries drink sugar-sweetened beverages (饮料). Intakes varied widely by wrld regin. In 2018, the average persn cnsumed 2.7 servings f sugary drinks per week, but this ranged frm 0.7 servings per week in Suth Asia t 7.8 servings per week in Latin America. And sme f the highest sugary drink intakes in the wrld were amng urban, highly educated adults in Sub-Saharan Africa (12.4 servings per week) and in Latin America (8.5 servings per week). “We were struck by the wide variatins by wrld regins in 2018; that Latin America had the largest intakes at all time pints despite an verall decrease vertime; and that Sub-Saharan Africa had the greatest increases acrss all time pints,” says Laura Lara-Castr, a PhD candidate at Tufts University. (该研究发表在《自然通讯》杂志上，是185个国家的成年人如何饮用含糖饮料的最新报告。摄入量因世界地区而异。2018年，平均每人每周饮用2.7份含糖饮料，但从南亚的每周0.7份到拉丁美洲的每周7.8份不等。世界上含糖饮料摄入量最高的地区是撒哈拉以南非洲（每周12.4份）和拉丁美洲（每周8.5份）受过高等教育的城市成年人。“我们对2018年世界各地区的巨大差异感到震惊;拉丁美洲的留学生人数在所有时间点上都是最多的，尽管随着时间的推移总体上有所减少;而撒哈拉以南非洲在所有时间点上的增幅最大，”塔夫茨大学的博士候选人劳拉·拉拉-卡斯特说。)”可知，研究核心是饮食习惯的地区差异。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Sugar-sweetened beverage intake has increased in the past few decades despite effrts t decrease their appeal,” says researchers. “Sme ppulatins are especially easily affected, and ur findings prvide evidence t infrm the need and design f natinal and mre targeted plicies t reduce their intake wrldwide.” (研究人员说：“尽管人们努力降低含糖饮料的吸引力，但在过去的几十年里，含糖饮料的摄入量却在增加。”“一些人群特别容易受到影响，我们的研究结果为各国制定更有针对性的政策以减少全球范围内的摄入提供了证据。”)”可知，在过去的几十年里，尽管在努力降低含糖饮料的吸引力，但其摄入量仍在增加，由此可知，含糖饮料的吸引力不容小觑。故选B。
D
The impact f fast fashin n the envirnment is significant. Recently Zara, ne f the largest fast-fashin retailers (零售商) in the wrld, put frth a cncept that nly sustainable fabrics are used in clthing prductin. But hw can Zara ever be sustainable? They prduce arund 450 millin garments (衣服) a year and release 500 new designs a week, abut 20,000 a year. Zara’s fast-fashin mdel has been s successful it has inspired an entire industry t fllw them.
Clthing prductin dubled frm 2012 t 2022. The average cnsumer bught 60 percent mre clthing in 2022 than in 2012, but kept each garment half as lng. And less than ne percent f all clthing prduced glbally is recycled.
I spend a lt f time reading the crprate scial respnsibility reprts f large brands and interviewing micr-t-small sized enterprises t see hw they apprach sustainability. The largest significant difference between them is culture.
Small brands fcus n creating a culture f sustainability by using strategies like prducing made-t-rder, s they are nt making mre than what is sld. Mst small brands are pting t wrk under, an “anti-fashin calendar”. They chse nt t fllw the intense seasnal calendar that fashin functins under. They d this because waste is ne f their biggest cncerns. They als design clthing t be f the highest quality, ensuring durability and lngevity, s yu may keep it lnger.
Fast fashin is a “grw r die” business, and the fast-fashin grwth mdel used by all large cmpanies is predicated n limitless grwth. Large glbal crprate retailers are nt seeking t change their fundamental business mdel r create cultures f sustainability. That wuld require re-wrking their entire business structure and ultimately hurt their bttm line.
I wuld start t believe Zara and ther large fashin brands had gd intentins t fight climate change if they started t lk at hw t mve away frm their cntinuus fferings f weekly new prducts. They need t intrduce alternative sustainable business mdel practices. One small step culd be t ffer repair r tailring services. Tailring creates clthes that fit perfectly, subsequently increasing their emtinal value, s that we lve them and keep them lnger.
12．What des the authr intend t shw with the numbers abut Zara in paragraph 1?
A．Zara is nt ec-friendly.B．Zara is ppular with cnsumers.
C．Zara is a large fast-fashin retailer.D．Zara is a success in fashin industry.
13．Which f the fllwing shws a cultural feature f small brands?
A．Designing clthing as needed.B．Designing clthing seasnably.
C．Prducing clthing as needed.D．Prducing clthing seasnably.
14．What des the underlined part “bttm line” in paragraph 5 relate t?
A．The fast-fashin retailers.B．The prfits frm fast fashin.
C．The culture f sustainability.D．The relatinship with cnsumers.
15．What des the last paragraph fcus n?
A．Hw t make cnsumers lve their clthes.
B．Hw t make cnsumers buy less clthing.
C．Hw large fashin brands ffer weekly new prducts.
D．Hw large fashin brands imprve their services.
【答案】12．A 13．C 14．B 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍快时尚企业生产过量的衣服，破坏生态环境，不符合可持续发展，希望他们能引入可持续发展的商业模式。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“But hw can Zara ever be sustainable? They prduce arund 450 millin garments (衣服) a year and release 500 new designs a week, abut 20,000 a year. Zara’s fast-fashin mdel has been s successful it has inspired an entire industry t fllw them. (但Zara如何才能持续发展呢?他们每年生产约4.5亿件服装，每周发布500种新设计，每年约2万种。Zara的快时尚模式如此成功，以至于激发了整个行业的效仿。)”可知Zara每年生产过量的衣服，破坏生态环境，不符合可持续发展，也就是说Zara不环保，故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Small brands fcus n creating a culture f sustainability by using strategies like prducing made-t-rder, s they are nt making mre than what is sld. (小品牌专注于创造一种可持续发展的文化，通过使用生产定制等策略，这样他们就不会生产超过销售的产品。)由此可知小品牌不会超量生产，也就是按需求生产衣服，故选C。
14．词句猜测题，根据上文“Fast fashin is a “grw r die” business, and the fast-fashin grwth mdel used by all large cmpanies is predicated n limitless grwth. Large glbal crprate retailers are nt seeking t change their fundamental business mdel r create cultures f sustainability. That wuld require re-wrking their entire business structure and ultimately hurt their bttm line. (快时尚是一个“要么成长，要么死亡”的行业，所有大公司使用的快时尚增长模式都是以无限增长为基础的。大型全球企业零售商并不寻求改变其基本商业模式或创造可持续发展的文化。将需要重新调整他们的整个业务结构，并最终损害他们的bttm line.。)”可知快时尚增长模式如果调整业务结构，会损害他们本身的利益，故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I wuld start t believe Zara and ther large fashin brands had gd intentins t fight climate change if they started t lk at hw t mve away frm their cntinuus fferings f weekly new prducts. They need t intrduce alternative sustainable business mdel practices. One small step culd be t ffer repair r tailring services. Tailring creates clthes that fit perfectly, subsequently increasing their emtinal value, s that we lve them and keep them lnger. (如果Zara和其他大型时尚品牌开始考虑如何摆脱每周持续推出新产品的做法，我就会开始相信它们对抗气候变化的意图是好的。他们需要引入可替代的可持续商业模式实践。一小步可以是提供修理或剪裁服务。剪裁创造出完美合身的衣服，随后增加了它们的情感价值，这样我们就会更喜欢它们，并更长久地保留它们。)”可知建议快时尚品牌引入可替代的可持续商业模式，提供修理或者剪裁服务，也就是让消费者少买衣服。故选B。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Autnmy-supprtive parenting is an apprach that fcuses n building a child’s sense f agency in the wrld as well as a strng sense f self. 16 We shuld recgnize that children have a different perspective r experience than adults. Therefre, instead f pushing adults’ way f thinking n children, adults shuld let kids d their wn critical thinking and slve prblems themselves, which will help them trust their abilities.
Guide kids t find their wn slutin
As any parent with mre than ne child can tell yu, kids develp differently. 17 While ne child may find it easy t start their hmewrk independently, the ther might nt be a self-starter. S we push ur kids t the next level by knwing their skill level and meeting them there.
Let kids find their wn fun
18 It really is harm t them. It als sets us up t be their cruise (航行) directrs at all times. That’s a huge burden n us! Letting children find their wn thing t d when bredm strikes allws them t becme self-sufficient and use their imaginatin t find fun n their wn.
Being sympathetic desn’t mean giving in
Anther characteristic f autnmy-supprtive parenting is being pen, curius, and flexible. Trusting children t be accuntable t themselves (r acting like it) is the nly way yu will knw if yur child will be a respnsible, independent adult. Fr example, if yu ask yur child when they think is the best time t d their hmewrk, and they tell yu it’s in the mrning befre schl begins, supprt them and let them try it, n matter hw strange it sunds. 19
Dn’t frget t supprt yurself
Once yu grasp autnmy-supprtive parenting, yu’ll see pprtunities t put it int practice. N matter hw ld yur kid is, adpting this style will nt be easy. 20 If yu get hard n yurself because yu’re nt measuring up, yu’re mre likely t return t the cntrlling practices.
A．It may wrk.
B．Our kids dn’t knw hw t manage bredm.
C．That can mean we have t supprt them in different ways.
D．S frgive yurself if things dn’t g right n a particular day.
E．And they may nt knw yet, but it’s gd fr them t think abut it.
F．Sme days are just ging t be mre autnmy-supprtive than thers.
G．It’s trying t understand children’s experience f what’s ging n right nw.
【答案】16．G 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍使用自主支持型养育方法时需要注意的四个方面。
16．根据下文“We shuld recgnize that children have a different perspective r experience than adults.”（ 我们应该认识到，儿童的观点和经历与成人不同。）可知，空处承接下文说的是要理解孩子。故G选项“图理解孩子们对正在发生的事情的体验”切题。故选G项。
17．根据上文“As any parent with mre than ne child can tell yu, kids develp differently.”（ 任何有不止一个孩子的父母都会告诉你，孩子们的发展是不同的）可知，空处与上文为因果关系。故C选项“这可能意味着我们必须以不同的方式支持他们”切题，说明了家长应该怎么做。故选C项。
18．根据下文“It really is harm t them. It als sets us up t be their cruise (航行) directrs at all times.”（ 这对孩子来说是一种伤害，而且需要父母随时成为他们的巡航指挥）可知，孩子们不知道如何应对无聊，所以带来了伤害。故B选项“我们的孩子不知道如何应对无聊”切题。故选B项。
19．根据上文“Fr example, if yu ask yur child when they think is the best time t d their hmewrk, and they tell yu it’s in the mrning befre schl begins, supprt them and let them try it, n matter hw strange it sunds.”（ 如果你问你的孩子什么时候是做家庭作业的最佳时间，并且他们告诉你是在早上上学前，那你就支持他们，让他们试一试，无论这听起来多么奇怪）可知，空处说明产生的效果。故A选项“这可能会奏效”切题。故选A项。
20．根据“Dn’t frget t supprt yurself”（ 别忘了支持自己）以及“N matter hw ld yur kid is, adpting this style will nt be easy.”（ 管你的孩子多大，采用这种方式并不容易）可知，如果某一天事情不顺利，请原谅自己。故D选项“如果某一天事情不顺利，请原谅自己”切题。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was just a typical mrning f an rdinary wrkday. I was at the 21 , n my way t the lab where I was a pstdctral fellw (博士后研究员). But smething began t 22 inside me as I watched the peple arund me-headphnes hanging frm their ears, eyes cast dwn, 23 faces. They lked unhappy. And I realized that I was ne f them. Suddenly, I culd n lnger 24 my wrk life and bked a ne-way ticket t fly hme.
Over the years. I had grwn mre cmpetitive due t the 25 f finishing my Ph.D．Thse wh culd have been partners became cmpetitrs I disliked and the effect f this cmpetitin was exactly the 26 f what I had hped fr. I began t feel lnely and lst. I became less and less 27 in my scientific wrk. I hit my 28 pint that day at the bus statin. I had t end this befre it is t late. I emailed my prfessrs, explaining that l had put the 29 first and myself secnd fr t lng.
Shrtly after I gt back hme, I started t receive sme emails frm my wrkmates — I guessed they expected me t jin them again sn. After a few 30 asking hw I was, in the emails many expressed their stress f academic life. Vulnerable (脆弱的) researchers were sticking their heads ut f their shells (壳), seeking 31 . It ccurred t me that we all 32 smetimes, and ur vulnerability seemed s much alike that I 33 myself frm all that had bthered me fr days. 34 it can be win-win game, instead f ne where ne side gains while the ther side lses. Wrking with thers and asking fr help desn’t make my cntributins 35 ; it means we can all succeed.
21．A．streB．fficeC．cafe shpD．statin
22．A．settleB．disappearC．awakenD．explde
23．A．uncertainB．uniqueC．unfamiliarD．unsmiling
24．A．begin withB．get rid fC．prceed withD．get dwn t
25．A．pressureB．respnseC．cmmitmentD．bligatin
26．A．utcmeB．ppsiteC．meansD．alternative
27．A．respnsibleB．anxiusC．tughD．prductive
28．A．startingB．breakingC．endingD．biling
29．A．fameB．hnrC．partnerD．ccupatin
30．A．accuntsB．jkesC．linesD．greetings
31．A．beliefB．assistanceC．hardshipD．answers
32．A．chkedB．hesitatedC．relaxedD．suffered
33．A．prtectedB．preventedC．liberatedD．excused
34．A．ActuallyB．GenerallyC．EventuallyD．Frtunately
35．A．irregularB．imprperC．illgicalD．insignificant
【答案】
21．D 22．C 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在车站等待去实验室的车时，发现了周围的人都不快乐，作者意识到自己长期以来致力于工作上的竞争而忽略了自身的快乐，于是请假回家了，而同事的邮件让作者意识到大家都是如此，与人合作并请求帮助并不会让自己的贡献变得不重要，相反它会让所有人都成功。
21．考查名词和名词短语辨析。句意：我在车站，在去实验室的路上，我在那里做博士后研究员。A. stre商店；B. ffice办公室；C. cafe shp咖啡店；D. statin车站。根据句中的“n my way t the lab”可知，作者在去实验室的路上，所以他此时是在车站。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我看着周围的人——耳机挂在耳朵上，眼睛低垂着，一脸严肃——我的内心开始觉醒。A. settle解决；B. disappear消失；C. awaken使醒来，被唤起；D. explde爆炸。根据下文中的“And I realized that I was ne f them.(我意识到我就是其中之一)”可知，作者看到周围人的状况时，他的内心觉醒了。故选C。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. uncertain不确定的；B. unique独特的；C. unfamiliar不熟悉的；D. unsmiling不笑的。根据下文中的“They lked unhappy.(他们看起来不高兴)”可知，这些人表情冷漠、不苟言笑。故选D。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然间，我无法再继续我的工作生活，于是订了一张单程机票飞回家。A. begin with以……开始；B. get rid f摆脱；C. prceed with继续；D. get dwn t开始做。根据空后的“bked a ne-way ticket t fly hme”可知，作者无法再继续自己的工作了，就回家了。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，由于完成博士学位的压力，我变得更有竞争力了。A. pressure压力；B. respnse回应；C. cmmitment承诺；D. bligatin义务。根据句中的“I had grwn mre cmpetitive”和常识可知，作者完成博士学业是很有压力的，所以变得更加爱竞争。下一段中“in the emails many expressed their stress f academic life(在邮件中，许多人表达了他们学术生活的压力)”也是提示，故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些本可以成为合作伙伴的人变成了我不喜欢的竞争对手，这种竞争的效果与我所希望的完全相反。A. utcme结果；B. ppsite对手；C. means方法；D. alternative可供替代的事物。and连接并列句，前后应表示顺承。根据“Thse wh culd have been partners became cmpetitrs I disliked”可知，一些人本可以成为合作伙伴的人，结果却成了竞争对手，所以这种竞争的效果与作者原本的希望相反。故选B。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在科学工作上的效率越来越低。A. respnsible负责任的；B. anxius焦虑的；C. tugh艰难的；D. prductive多产的，富有成效的。根据前文“I began t feel lnely and lst.(我开始感到孤独和失落)”可知，作者的心态发生了变化，他感到孤独和失落，所以在科学工作中的效率也越来越低。故选D。
28．考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：那天我在公共汽车站达到了崩溃的地步。A. starting开始；B. breaking打破；C. ending结束；D. biling炽热的。根据下文中的“I had t end this befre it is t late.(我必须结束这一切，否则就太迟了)”可知，作者的情绪已经达到了崩溃的极限，所以才决定要结束一切。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给教授们发了一封电子邮件，解释说我长期以来一直把工作放在第一位，把自己放在第二位。A. fame名声；B. hnr荣誉；C. partner同伴；D. ccupatin职业。根据空后的“and myself secnd”和上文中的“my wrk life”可知，作者长期以来把工作放在第一位，把自己放在第二位。故选D。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在问候了我几句之后，许多人在邮件中表达了他们学术生活的压力。A. accunts解释，说明；B. jkes玩笑；C. lines字行；D. greetings问候，招呼。根据句中的“in the emails”可知，在同事发来的邮件中，头几行问候了作者的情况。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：脆弱的研究人员从壳里探出头来寻求帮助。A. belief信念；B. assistance帮助；C. hardship艰难；D. answers回答，答案。根据文章末句中的“asking fr help”可知，这里是指寻求帮助。此处作者把研究人员比作带壳的乌龟。故选B。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然想到，我们都有痛苦的时候，我们的脆弱似乎是如此相似，我把自己从所有困扰我几天的事情中解放出来。A. chked窒息；B. hesitated犹豫；C. relaxed放松；D. suffered遭受，受苦。根据上文中的“their stress f academic life”和句中的“ur vulnerability seemed s much alike”可知，作者和同事都有学术压力，他们的脆弱很相似，所以他们都遭受痛苦。故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. prtected保护；B. prevented阻止；C. liberated解放，使自由；D. excused原谅。根据空后的“myself frm all that had bthered me fr days”可知，作者意识到他们都一样后，他从困扰自己几天的事情中解放出来。故选C。
34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上它可以是一个双赢的游戏，而不是一方获得而另一方失去。A. Actually事实上；B. Generally通常，一般地；C. Eventually最后；D. Frtunately幸运地。根据空后的“it can be win-win game”可知，作者在此处想强调事实上可以双赢。故选A。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他人合作并寻求帮助并不意味着我的贡献微不足道；这意味着我们都能成功。A. irregular不规则的；B. imprper不正确的；C. illgical不合逻辑的；D. insignificant微不足道的。根据后面分句“it means we can all succeed”可知，与他人合作和寻求帮助让所有人都可以成功，而不会让作者的贡献变得不重要。故选D。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yangk, a rural Chinese flk dance with a histry 36 (date) back thusands f years, riginates frm farming life in ancient times. The dance relates t sacrifices t the farmland gd when peple prayed fr a gd harvest. As time passed, the 37 (rigin) dance develped, taking in varius artistic frms and skills, including pera, acrbatics and martial arts, and eventually turned int the type f Yangk 38 is seen tday.
39 (preserve) this Chinese flk culture, it was included in the inaugural(首批的)items f natinal intangible cultural heritage in 2006. It is 40 (cmmn) perfrmed in nrthern China during festivals, especially fr Chinese New Year and the Lantern Festival. Perfrmances r cmpetitins 41 (rganize) in twns and villages t express peple’s jy and their hpe fr a better life.
Yangk emplys drumming, Suna, dancing and singing. Cntent is based 42 flk stries and legends. Cstumes are richly-clred and pera-styled, enabling 43 (character) t be easily identified. During a perfrmance, the actrs will dance and sing, fllwing lively rhythms. Highly. skilled and interesting acts such as stilt(高跷)walking 44 carrying a wedding sedan chair(花轿)are als included. As a part f traditinal Chinese culture, Yangk 45 (cncentrate) the grup cnsciusness f the Chinese peple, and has utstanding histrical and cultural value.
【答案】
36．dating 37．riginal 38．that/which 39．T preserve 40．cmmnly 41．are rganized 42．n/upn 43．characters 44．and 45．cncentrates
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种乡村民间舞蹈——秧歌。
36．考查现在分词。句意：秧歌是一种乡村民间舞蹈，有数千年的历史，起源于古代农耕文明时期。句中已有谓语动词riginates ，此处为非谓语的形式，histry与date之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作后置定语，故填dating。
37．考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，原始舞蹈不断演变，呈现出各种艺术形式和技巧。形容词作定语，修饰名词。故填riginal。
38．考查定语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，原始舞蹈不断演变，融入各种艺术形式和技巧，最终发展成今天所见的类型的秧歌。指代先行词Yangk且在从句中作主语，应用that/which引导定语从句。故填that/which。
39．考查非谓语。句意：为保护这一民间文化，秧歌于2006年被列入首批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。此处为动词不定式作目的状语。故填T preserve。
40．考查副词。句意：人们经常在节日期间表演这种舞蹈，尤其是在春节和农历正月的元宵节。副词作状语修饰动词。故填cmmnly。
41．考查动词时态语态。句意：在城镇和乡村组织表演或比赛，以表达人们的喜悦和对美好生活的希望。Perfrmances r cmpetitins与rganize之间为被动关系，且为客观陈述，应用一般现在时被动语态。故填are rganized。
42．考查介词。句意：内容以民间故事和传说为基础。be based n/upn以……为基础。故填n/upn。
43．考查名词复数。句意：服装色彩丰富，富有歌剧风格，使人物易于辨认。此处character指人物角色，根据句意可知，为复数意义。故填characters。
44．考查连词。句意：高跷、抬花轿等高技能、有趣的表演也包括在内。根据动词are included可知，句子主语是stilt walking和carrying a wedding sedan chair。为并列关系，连词为and。故填and。
45．考查动词时态。句意：作为中国传统文化的一部分，秧歌集中了中国人的群体意识。根据上下文可知，此处用一般现在时，主语是Yangk，故填cncentrates。
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是李华，下周你校将举行“科普进校园”活动，请你给外教Eleanr写封邮件邀请她参加。内容包括：
1.时间和地点；
2.主要内容和意义。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Eleanr,
I’m writing t share with yu an activity called Science Prmtin Entering Campus in ur schl.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eleanr,
I’m writing t share with yu an activity called Science Prmtin Entering Campus in ur schl. Knwing that yu have a real passin fr science, I’d like t extend an invitatin t yu t attend it.
As scheduled, the ccasin will be held frm Mnday t Thursday next week in the schl hall. Our headmaster will deliver a brief pening speech first, which will be fllwed by special lectures and interactive exhibitins, ranging frm daily life t practical applicatin f wrk. Nt nly can this event pen students’ eyes, but als develp ur innvative hands-n ability. Time permitting, we’d like yu t answer relevant questins raised by students.
I sincerely hpe that yu’ll be able t cnfirm yur attendance. Yur early reply will be greatly appreciated.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Eleanr写封邮件邀请她参加“科普进校园”活动。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
活动：activity→event
参加：attend→participate in
培养：develp→fster
有关的：relevant→related
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Knwing that yu have a real passin fr science, I’d like t extend an invitatin t yu t attend it.
拓展句：Since yu have a real passin fr science, I’d like t extend an invitatin t yu t attend it.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Knwing that yu have a real passin fr science, I’d like t extend an invitatin t yu t attend it. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Nt nly can this event pen students’ eyes, but als develp ur innvative hands-n ability. (运用了倒装句)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was eight years ld when my family mved frm Twmba t England in 1950. My mther was suffering frm a rare disease and had t take treatment in Lndn. The day befre we barded the ship, Father sent his five-year-ld red heeler (Australian cattle dg), Spider, wh was lved by us all, t his friend Sandy, as Sandy was t be his guardian while we were verseas. We didn’t knw hw lng my mther’s treatment wuld take r hw lng we wuld be away.
Six weeks later, an airletter arrived frm Sandy, giving my father the news that Spider had run away just tw weeks after we had sailed. I will always remember my father’s face as he read this news. My mther and I tried t cmfrt him, knwing in ur hearts hw useless this was.
Sandy had advertised cnstantly n the media. Despite many “sightings”, the dg was never fund. It seemed Spider just kept running and searching fr us. My father wrried he wuld be sht r dead frm starvatin. But ur family thught that Father held a secret hpe that Spider was still alive.
We sailed back t Australia tw years later and my father immediately began his wn search fr Spider. He repeated calls t the peple wh had said they had seen his dg, but it turned ut t be clueless.
One cld winter’s Saturday mrning, eight mnths after ur return, my father had a call frm Gin Gin, 375 kilmeters frm Twmba. An elderly lady living n her wn was putting fd ut “fr a very ld yellw dg”. This had been ging n fr a few weeks. Immediately we set ff.
Five and a half hurs later, we fund the ld huse beside the bush (灌木丛). Sadly, the lady tld my father that the dg hadn’t been arund fr a few days. My father had an upset lk in his eyes. He put tw fingers t his muth and did his special whistle fr Spider.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly there was a sund in the bush.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Once hme we gently cleaned him up.
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【答案】Suddenly there was a sund in the bush. My father’s eyes lit up immediately. We all lked in the directin f the sund and saw a yellw dg emerge frm the bush. It was Spider! He ran twards my father, wagging his tail excitedly. My father kneeled dwn and hugged him tightly, tears streaming dwn his face. It was a heartwarming reunin.
Once hme we gently cleaned him up. He was thin and tired, but still recgnized us. We gave him a warm bath and fed him a delicius meal. Spider lay n the flr, lking happy and cntent. My father sat beside him, strking his fur and telling him hw much he had missed him. It was as if nthing had changed between them. Frm then n, Spider became a part f ur family again, bringing us endless jy and cmpaninship.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家从搬家、母亲生病、送走爱犬，到爱犬失踪、父亲和全家人寻找爱犬，并最终重逢的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，灌木丛中传来了声音。”以及第二段首句内容“回到家后，我们轻轻地把他清理干净。”可知，第一段可描写作者他们循声而去找到了爱犬。
②由第二段首句内容“回到家后，我们轻轻地把他清理干净。”可知，第二段可描写作者一家和爱犬重逢后更加珍惜彼此的陪伴。
2.续写线索：作者八岁时，一家人不得不搬去英国为母亲治病——作者一家不得不将爱犬送给朋友代为照顾——不幸的是，不久后朋友来信告知作者的父亲爱犬跑丢了——朋友一直寻找，可是总也找不到小狗——作者一家后来回到了故乡——他们一直没有放弃寻找小狗——一天，一个老妇人打来电话，说看到了一只黄狗——作者一家前去辨认——到了之后，作者的父亲吹响了特殊的口哨声，灌木丛中立刻传来了声音——作者一家循声寻找，发现那正是他家的爱犬——一家人将小狗带回去，更加珍惜彼此的陪伴
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看见：see/catch sight f
②拥抱：hug/embrace
③流下：stream dwn/rll dwn
情绪类
①兴奋地：excitedly/with excitement
②高兴的：happy/delighted
【点睛】【高分句型1】My father kneeled dwn and hugged him tightly, tears streaming dwn his face. （运用了独立主格结构）
【高分句型2】It was as if nthing had changed between them.（运用了as if引导的表语从句）